A
SHAKESPEARE
GLOSSARY
BY
C. T. ONIONS
M.A. LONDON ; OF THE OXFORD ENGLISH DICTIONAJIY
OXFORD
AT THE CLARENDON PRESS
1911
PR
0(^
HENRY FROWDE, M.A.
PUBLISHER TO THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD
LONDON, EDINBUBGH, NEW YORK
TORONTO AND MKLBODRNE
PEEFACE
The steady advance towards completion of the great Oxford
English Dictionary has made it possible for the Delegates of
the Clarendon Press to authorize the preparation and issue
of this book, which is primarily the outcome of an analysis
of Shakespeare's vocabulary conducted in the light of the
results published in the Dictionary. The application of these
results to the making of a glossary to a single author, if it is to
have an independent value and to be true to the facts, must not
be a mere mechanical transference of definitions and classifica-
tions of meanings such as an industrious compiler might make
with small expenditure of time and labour. Such a work as is
here attempted is one of difficulty and delicacy, and there are
pitfalls even for the expert ; but, relying upon a fifteen years'
experience on the editorial staff of the Dictionary, I have
allowed myself a wide freedom of adaptation, and trust at the
same time to have escaped such errors as would be almost
inevitable if a task of this kind were undertaken by one wlio
knew the great book only from the outside and had no adequate
training in lexicographical method.
The aim of the Shakespeare glossary now presented to the
reader is to supply definitions and illustrations of words or
senses of words now obsolete or surviving only in provincial
or archaic use, together with explanations of others involving
allusions not generally familiar, and of proper names carrying
Avith them some connotative signification or offering special
interest or difficulty in the passages in which they occur.
Senses still current in general literature have also been occa-
sionally illustrated, chiefly where there is contextual obscurity,
or where it seemed desirable, for one reason or another, to give
a complete conspectus of a word that has many ramifications of
meaning. Words of this last class have received very diverse
treatment according to the circumstances of their usage ; but
a feature common to the greater number of them is the intro-
duction of the scheme of meanings by a statement indicating
iv PREFACE
how far Shakespeare's uses are those of his contemporaries or
are peculiar to him, what senses are first exemplified— as far as
present evidence shows — in his works or in those of Elizabethan
writers generally, what is the relative fret^uency of the various
senses, or supplying information of a more general character as
to their status or origin. The elucidation of idiom, the definition
of colloquial phrases, and the detailed illustration of specialized
uses of pronouns and of the so-called particles, are points on which
I have bestowed much care. I have throughout recorded any
important readings and spellings of the original folio and quarto
editions, as well as conjectural emendations, even when these
are certainly wrong, as is the case with Pope's widely accepted
marisli. It is hoped that this information as to variant readings
will enable the student to take his first steps in textual
criticism, and will give him an insight into the problems that
have to be solved in establishing the text. I have also made it
a i^art of my plan to bring together evidence to shoAV the relation
of the poet's vocabulary to that of the dialects of the midland
area, and in particular the dialect of his own county, Warwick-
shire. Interesting, and here and there entirely fresh, information
on this head will be found under the words halloic, Basimccu,
hatld, hloocl-holterd, bum-haily, cJtop, door, elder-gun, father ., galloiv,
(jcclc, groio to (p. 256), honeij-stcdJcs, line s]>.', moUed, vinss, ixtslt,
Ijotch, sheep, sight, soiled, tarrc, vails, ichccl. Among articles in
which non-midland dialects have been drawn upon to illus-
trate the status or interpretation of a word may he mentioned
dispttrse, handsaw, overscutchcd, side vb. In one noteworthy
instance — that of minnicJc or minnocl' — a collation of dialect
evidence has led to the tentative restoration of a word which
has been almost universally excluded from the text since the
time of Johnson, who regarded it as a genuine word and the
right reading. Another special feature of this glossary is that
it includes obsolete or technical terms that occur only in stage
directions, for example sennet. The common view has been
that these form no part of what Shakespeare wrote, but their
appearance in the oldest editions of the plays seemed to me
sufficient ground for treating tiiem here.
PREFACE
One who enters at this time of day upon so well worked
a field of investigation as the language of Shakespeare can hope
to do little more in the direction of novelty or originality than
present a compamtively few points with a greater degree of
clearness or certainty than has been achieved by his many pre-
decessors. The following articles in the present book may,
however, be referred to as recording words or facts about words
that have been either ignored or imperfectly explained by many
pi'evions glossarists : — ci-lifc, enew (a palmary emendation of
Keightley's), great-helly and thln-heUy doublet, minnicJc (referred to
above), relish ( = to warble), salt rheum, the verb sol-fa, washing
( = swashing). A long list might be given of words concerning
which I have been able to supply information not usually
accessible in books of this kind, or to bring forward suggestions
to some extent new, bearing upon a textual question or an
interpretation ; the following are selected as typical : — accommo-
dation, alarm alarum, Arthurs show, bloat, the two participial
adjectives compact, the two adjectives dear, dismal, foregone
conclusion, green fields (see field), holy-ale, hue, humour, inn, Lethe,
metal mettle, nonce, ordinate, Provincial rose, lioman hand, the
adjective royal, Salique, scrowl, spright sprite, steppe, thrce-man-song-
men, tidy, token, tract, the verb trash, travail travel, unbraided,
vale, tceird sisters, ichinid'st, ivilful-blame, tvorldly, icot.
This glossary contains considerably more matter than any
other select glossary of similar scope, and it is expected that
many who glance over its pages will express the opinion that
it takes in more than is necessary for the guidance of a reader
of average literary knowledge ; but a careful examination
made with a view to ascertaining what i^roportion of the
vocabulary here dealt with can be truly described as present-day
English will prove such a criticism to be ill-founded. And hei-e
it may not be out of place to suggest a method of study to the
serious student to whom an accurate and even minute know-
ledge of the meaning of the poet's words is no bar to the enjoy-
ment of his poetry. He will do well from time to time to
examine the articles in the glossary, especially the longer ones
and those concerned with words of Latin origin, apart from the
PREFACE
reading of any Shakespearian text ; he will in this way discover
how much he is in danger of missing or misunderstanding, and
will gradually acquire that attitude of alertness which is essen-
tial to the appreciation of the richness and subtlety of Eliza-
bethan English.
To make a selection of words and meanings that should
satisfy all, and to carry out their illustration in a perfectly
consistent manner, would be alike impossible, even with an
expenditure of double the time that has been given to the
present book, the compilation of which has occupied the full
working days of a year and a half. It is hoped, however, that
the oversights and inconsistencies inevitable in a book which,
although of slender dimensions, comprises close upon ten
thousand separate articles, will not prove to be so numerous or
so serious as to impair its general accuracy and usefulness.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Of the lexical works devoted to Shakespeare I am chiefly
indebted to Schmidt's Shakespeare-Lexicon and Bartlett's Con-
cordance. For textual matters the Cambridge Shakespeare has
of course been indispensable. The commentaries from which
I have derived the greatest help are those of the Clarendon
Press series of select plays, edited by W. Aldis Wright and
W. G. Clark, and those of the Arden Shakespeare, of which the
volumes by the late H. C. Hart must be specially mentioned for
the wealth of illustrative quotation which is distributed among
the notes. In investigating technical terms I have had
recourse as far as possible to treatises of the sixteenth and
seventeenth centuries ; but I have frequently turned with
advantage to Rushton's ShaT{€sj)carc a Laivycr, and Shalccspearc
and 3Iusic by Dr. E. W. Naylor, who has kindly allowed me to
consult him on some musical difficulties.
In the preparation of material and the verification of refer-
ences I have been assisted throughout by Mr. J. W. Birt, of the
staff of the Oxford English Dictionary.
C. T. O.
May, 1911.
§ 1. SHAKESPEARIAN EDITORS, COMMENTATORS,
AND CRITICS.
Campbell (Thomas) 1777-1844 ; td.
1838.
Capell (Edward) 1713-81 ; ed. 1 768.
Chalmers (Alexander) 1759-1834;
ed. 1805.
Clark (W. G.), Glover (J.), and
Wright (W. A.) ; ed. 1863-6 [tlie
Cambridge Shakespeare], reissued
189J-3.
Clark (W. G. and Wright (W. A.);
ed. 1866 [the Globe edition] ;
1868, &c. [select plays. Clarendon
Press series].
Clarke (Charles and Mary Cowden ;
ed. 1860, 1864.
Collier (John Payne) 1789-1883 ;
ed. 1844.
Craig (William James) died 1906 ;
ed. 1892 [the Oxford Shake-
speare].
Delius (Nicolaus) ; ed. 1854 ; 1877
[the Leopold Shakespeare].
DowDEN (Edward) living; ed. plays
in the Arden Shakespeare; poems
1903.
Dyce (Alexander) 1798-1869; ed.
1857.
Farmer (Richard) 1735-97.
FuRNESs (Horace Howard) sin. and
jun.; ed. 1871, &c.
Halliwell (James Orchard) 1820-
89; ed. 1851-3.
Hanmer (Sir Thomas) 1677-1746;
ed. 1743-4.
Harness (William) 1790-1869; ed.
1825.
Hart (H. Chichester) died 1908 ;
ed. plays in the Arden Shake-
speare.
Heath (Benjamin) 1704-66.
Hudson (Henry Norman) 1814-86;
ed. 1851-6.
Johnson (Samuel) 1691-1773; ed.
1 765.
Keightley (Thomas) 1789-1872;
ed. 1865.
Knight (Charles) 1791-1873; ed,
1839-42, 1867.
Malone (Edmund) 1741-1812 ; ed.
1790 ; edited by James Boswellthe
younger 1821 [the third variorum
edition].
Nares (Robert) 1753-1829.
Pope (Alexander) 1688-1744 ; ed.
1725.
Reed (Isaac) 1742-1807; ed. 1785 ;
1803 [the first variorum edition] ;
1813 with notes by Malone [the
second variorum].
RoLFE (William James) ; ed. 1871-
96 [the Friendly edition].
RowE (Nicholas) 1674-1718; ed.
1709.
Schmidt (Alexander) 1816-87 ;
Shakespeare-Lexicon 1874-5,
1886; 1902.
Singer (Samuel Weller) 1783-1858;
ed. 1826.
Spedding (James) 1808-81.
Staunton (Howard) 1810-74 ;
1858-60.
Steevens (George) 1736-1800;
with Johnson 1773.
Theobald (Lewis) 1688-1744;
173.3.
Walker (William Sidney) 1795-
1846.
Warburton (William) 1698-1779;
ed. 1747.
White (Richard Grant,- 1821-86;
ed. 1857-9, 1883.
Wright (W. Aldis) : see Clark.
Wyndham fGeorge) living; ed.
poems 1S98.
ed.
ed.
ed.
§ 2. AUTHORS AND WORKS CITED.
Ascham (Roger) 1515-68 ; Toxo-
philus [treatise on archerv]
1545.
Bacon (Sir Francis) 1561-1626.
Bailey (Nathaniel) died 1742 ; An
Universal Etymological Englisli
Dictionary 1721, &c.
Baret (John) died 1580 (?) ; An
Alvearie or triple Dictionarie,
in Englishe, Latin, and French
1573 ; An Alvearie or quadruple
dictionarie, containing foure
sundrie tongues, English, Latine,
Greeke, and French 1580.
AUTHORS AND WORKS CITED
Bloumt (Thomas) 1618-79 ; Glosso-
grapliia ; or a Dictionary inter-
preting all such hard words, of
whatsoever language, now used
in our refined English tongue
165C. 1661, l(3~i,&.c.;'Sofj.o-A(^iKoi':
a Law- Dictionary 1670, 1691.
Blundeville i^Thonias); The Art of
Riding [with] The Order of Cur-
ing Horses diseases 1580.
BoRDE (Andrew) died 1549 ; A com-
pendyous Kegynient or Dyetary
of Helth 1542.
BoTONEK or Worcester (William^)
1415-82 (?^; Itinerarium.
Bourne (William) died 1583 ; A
Regiment for the Sea : conteyn-
ing most profitable rules ... of
navigation 1574.
Breton ; Nicholas) 1546 vV)-1626(? .
Browne (Sir Thomasi 1605-82.
Caxton (William) died 1491.
Chapman (George) 1659 ('?)-1634.
Chaucer ;^Geoifrey) died 1400.
CoKEi^Sir Edward 1552-1634 ; The
First Part of the Institvtes of the
Lawes of England 1628.
Constitutions and Canons Ecclesias-
ticall 1604.
Copley (Anthony) 1567-1607 (?) ; A
Fig for Fortune 1596,
CoTGRAVE (Randle) died 1634 (Vj ;
A Dictionarie of the French and
English Tongues 1611 [cited as
Cotgr.]; (anot her edition) Where -
unto is also annexed, a diction-
arie of the English set before the
French by S[herwood] 1632 [cited
as Sherwood].
Coverdale ("Miles) translator of the
Bible 1488-1568.
CowELL (John) 1554-161J ; The
Interpreter ; or Booke containing
the signification of Words . , .
mentioned in the Lawe-writei-s or
Statutes 1607.
CuDWORTH (Ralph) 1617-88.
Daniel (Samuel) 1562-1619.
Day (John) ; The He of Gvls 1606.
Dictionary (A New) of the Terms
Ancient and Modern of the Cant-
ing Crew. By B. E. Gent, aliout
1700.
Douglas (Gawin"^^ died 1522.
Drayton (Michael) 1563-1631 ; The
Moone-Calfe 1627; Dowsabel 1593.
Dryden (John) 1631-1700.
Dymmok (John) ; A Treatice of Ire-
land, about 1600.
Elyot (Sir Thomas) died 1546 ;
The Dictionary of syr Thomas
Eliot knyght 1538.
Evans (A. B. and S.); Leicestershire
Words, Phrases and Proverbs
1881.
Fletcher (John) 1579-1625 ; The
Woman hater 1607 ; The Spanish
Curate, about 1622.
Florio (Jolm) died 1625 ; A Worlde
of Wordes, or most copious and
exact Dictionarie in Italian and
Englishl598, (enlarged ed.) 1611.
FoxE (John) 1516-87 ; Actes and
Monuments of these latter and
perillous dayes 1563, 1570, &c.
[known as' The Book of Martyrs '].
Fuller (Thomas) 1608-61 ; ' The
Church-History of Britain 1655.
Gascoigne (George) died 1577 ;
The delectable history of Dan
Bartholomew of Bath 1572-5.
Gerarde (John) 1545-1612; The
Herball, or generall liistorie of
plantes 1597.
GoLDiNO (Arthur) died 1605 (?) ;
The XV. Bookes of P. Ovidius Naso
entytuled Metamorphosis, trans-
lated oute of Latin into English
meeter 1567.
Greene (Robert) died 1592 ; The
Scottish Historie of James the
fourth.
GuiLLiM (;John) 1565-1621 ; A Dis-
play of Heraldrie 1610
Hall (Edward) died 1547; The
Union of the two noble and illus-
trate famelies of Lancastre and
Yorke. [ = Hall's Chronicle.]
Hall (Joseph) 1574-1656 ; Virgide-
miarum, sixe bookes of . . . satyrs
1597.
Harsnet (Samuel) 1561-1631 ; A
Declaration of egregious Popish
Impostures . . . vnder the pre-
tence of casting out diuels 1603.
Harvey (Gabriel) 1550 (?)-1631.
Heslop (Oliver); Northumberland
Words 1892-4.
Hey WOOD (John) died 1580 i,?) ; A
Dialogue, conteyninge the num-
ber in effccte of all the Proverbes
in th(i Englishe tunge 1561.
AUTHORS AND WORKS CITED
HoccLEVE (Thomas) died 1450 (?).
HoLiNSHED (Raphael) died 1580 (?) ;
Tlie Chronicles of Englande, Scot-
lande, and Irelande 1577.
Holland (Philemon) 1552-1637 ;
The Historie of the World, com-
monly called the Naturall His-
torie of C. PliniusSocundus 1601 ;
The Philosophic, commonly call-
ed the Morals, written by . . .
Plutarch of Chteronea 1603.
Holme (Randle) 1627-99; The
Acadeniy of Armory, or a store-
house of armory and blazon 1688.
JoNsoN (Ben) 1573(?)-1637 ; Epi-
grams, published 1616 and 1640.
Kyd (Thomas) 1558-94 ; The Trage-
dle of Soliman and Perseda 1592.
Latham (Simon) flourished 1618 ;
Lathams Falconry, or the Faul-
cons Lure and Cure 1615-18.
Leland (John) died 1552 ; Itinera-
rium [1534-43].
Lily (William) died 1522; Brevis-
sima Institutio [Latin grammar].
Marlowe (Christopher) 1564-93 ;
The Jew of Malta, about 1590;
Tamburlaine 1587-8.
MiDDLETON (Thomas) died 1627 ;
The Roaring Girle 1611.
Milton (John) 1608-74 ; Paradise
Lost 1667,
MiNSHEu (John) flourished 1600-
17; 'H'ye/^wi' 6'S ras 'yKujaaa';, id est
Ductor in Linguas, The Gvide
into Tongves 1617.
More (Sir Thomas) 1478-1535.
Nashe (Thomas) 1567-1601.
North (Thomas) died 1601 (?) ; The
Lives of the noble Grecians and
Romanes, compared together by
. . . Plutarehe of Chseronea :
translated out of Greeke into
French by J. Amyot, . . . Bishop
of Auxerre . . . and out of French
into Englishe by T. North 1579.
OvERBURY (Sir Thomas) 1581-1613.
Palsgrave (John) died 1554 ;
Lesclarcissement de la Langiie
Francoyse 1530. [French gram-
mar and vocabulary ; cited as
Palsgr.]
Peele (George) died 1597 (?) ; The
Turkish Mahamet and Hyrin tlie
fair Greek.
Randolph (Thomas) 1605-35.
Ray (John) 1627-1705; A Collection
of English Words not generally
used ... in two Alphabetical
Catalogues. The one of such as
are proper to the Northern, the
other to the Southern Counties
1674.
Rider (John) 1562-1632 ; Biblio-
theca Scholastica, a double Dic-
tionarie. Penned for all those
that would have within short
space the vise of the Latin Tongue,
either to speake or write 1589.
Robyn Hode (A Lytell Geste of),
about 1500.
Sherwood : see Cotgrave.
Skelton (John) died 1529 ; A . . .
tratyse vpon a goodlj' Garlande
or Chapelet of LauroU 1523; The
boke of Phyllyp Sparowe.
Skinner (^Stephen) 1623-67 ; Ety-
mologicon Linguae Anglicanaj
1671.
Smith (Sir Thomas) 1513-77 ; The
Common Welth of England 1583.
Smyth (Sir John) 1534(?)-1607 ;
Certain Discourses . . . concern-
ing the formes and effects of diuers
sorts of Weapons, and other verie
imijortant matters Militarie 1590.
Spenser (Edmund) died 1599 ; The
Faerie Queene 1590-6.
Steenhold (Thomas) and Hopkins
(John) ; The whole booke of
Psalmes collected into Englyshe
Meter 1564.
Stow (John) died 1605 ; A breviat
Chronicle contaynynge all the
Kynges 1561.
STUBBEs(Philip) flourished 1581-93;
The Anatomie of Abuses 1583.
Swetnam (Joseph) ; Swetnam the
woman-hater, arraigned by wo-
men 1620.
Torriano (Giovanni); Vocabolario
Italiano & Inglese, a Dictionary
Italian & English 1659.
Wright (Thomas) 1810-77 ; Diction,
ary of obsolete and provincial
English 1857.
§ 3. TEXT AND AKEANGEMENT OF THE
QUOTATIONS.
The text used in the illustrative quotations is that of the Oxford Shake-
speare, edited by W. J. Craig, except in a few instances wliei-e it has been
set aside for some special reason. Where its numeration of act, scene, and
line differs greatly from that of other widely used editions, a second
reference is given within square brackets ; so that the Glossary is avail-
able for all unabridged editions of the works.
Variant readings, and interpretations of particular quotations, are
placed within round brackets ; words inserted to complete the sense
within square brackets ; ' &c.' following a quotation reference indicates
that more examples occur in the same play or poem.
Paraphrases of passages which are quoted very briefly or indicated by
a reference only are sometimes given between inverted commas, e. g.
ADVANTAGE sb. 3.
§ 4. ABBKEVIATIONS OF TITLES OF PLAYS
AND POEMS.
of
Ado = Much Ado about Nothing
AU'sW. = All's Well that Ends Well
Ant. = Antony and Cleopatra
Arg. = Argument
AYL.=As You Like It
Caes.= Julius Caesar
Chor. = Chorus
Compl. = A Lover's Complaint
Cor, = Coriolanus
Cym. = Cymbeline
Ded. = Dedication
Epil. = Epilogue
Err. = The Comedy of Errors
Gent. = The Two Gentlemen
Verona
1H4 =The First Part of
Henry IV
2H4=The Second Part of
Henry IV
H5 =The Life of King Henry
1H6 = The First Part of
Henry VI
2H6 = The Second Part of
Henry VI
3H6=The Third Part of King
Henry VI
HS = The Famous History of the
Life of King Henry VIII
Ham. = Hamlet, Prince of Denmark
Ind. = Induction
John = The Life and Death of King
John
Kins.
Kins;
V
Kim
Kinj
LLL. = Love's Labour 'a Lost
Lr. =King Lear
Lucr. =The Rape of Lucrece
Mac. = Macbeth
Meas. = Measure for Measure
Mer.V. r-^The Merchant of Venice
MND. = A Midsummer-Night's
Dream
0th. = Othello, tlie Moor of Venice
Per. = Pericles, Prince of Tyre
Phoen. = The Phcenix and the
Turtle
Pilgr. =The Passionate Pilgrim
Pro!. = Prologue
E2--The Tragedy of King Richard
II
113 -The Tragedy of King Richard
III
Rom. = Romeo and Juliet
Shr. =The Taming of the Shrew
Sonn. — Sonnets
Sonn. Music = Sonnets to Sundry
Notes of Music
Tim. = Timon of Athens
Tit. = Titus Andronicus
Tp.^ The Tempest
Troll. ^Troilus and Cressida
Tw.N. = Twelfth-Night ; or, What
You Will
Ven. = Venus and Adonis
Wint. = The Winter's Tale
Wiv. = The Merry Wives of Windsor
§ 5. ABBKEVIATIONS OF TECHNICAL TERMS.
absol. = absolute(ly), i.e. without
some usual construction, as a
verb without an object, an adjec-
tive without a noun
adj. = adjective
adv. = adverb
advb. =advcrbial(ly)
app. = appai-ently
arch. = archaic
attrib. =attributive(ly)
c, cent. = century
cf. = confer, compare
comb. = in combination (with an-
other noun)
comm. = commentators
comp. = compound
concr. = concrete
conj. = (1) conjecture(s ,
(2) conjunction
constr. =(1) construed with,
(2) construction
corr. = corruption
Cotgr. = Cotgrave (see above, p.viii)
dial. — dialect(s), dialectal(ly;
e. g. = for example
edd.= editions
Eliz. = Elizabethan (see p. xii)
ellipt. =elliptical(ly)
esp. = especially
etym., etymol. = etymology, etymo-
logical
exx.= examples
Fi,&c., Ff (seep, xii)
fig. = figurative(ly)
foil. = following
Fr. = French
freq. = frequent (ly)
gen. = genera l(ly)
i. c. = id est, that is
imper. = imperative
impers. = impersonal
interj. = interjection
intr. = intransitive
It. = Italian
J. = Johnson (soo above, ]>. vii)
\i. = Latin
lit.-literal(ly)
midl. = midland
mod. = modern
mod. edd. = modern editions (from
Rowe, 1709, onwards)
obj. = object
obs. = obsolete
occas. =occasional(ly)
O.Fr. = Old French
orig. =original',ly)
Palsgr. = Palsgrave (see above,
p. ix)
pa. pple. =past participle
pass. = passive
pa. t.-=past tense
phr. =phrase(s)
pi. = plural
post-S. = post-Shakespearian
ppl. adj. = participial adjective
pple. = participle
pre-Eliz. = pre-Elizabethan
pre-S. = prc-Shakespearian
prec. = preceding
prop. = preposition
prob. = probably
Qi, &c., Qq (see p. xii)
q. V. = quod vide, which see
ref. = (,1) reference, (2) referred,
(3) referring
roll. -= reflexive
S. = (l) Shakespeare, (2) Shake-
spearian (see p. xii)
sb. —substantive
scil. = scilicet, that is to say
sing. = singular
spec. = specific(ally)
s.v. ^ sub verbo, under the word
syll. = syllablers)
trans. = transitive
transf. = in a transferred sense
usu. =usual(ly;
vb. = verb
vbl. sb. = verbal substantive
viz. — videlicet, namely
§6. SIGNS, SYMBOLS, ETC.
# denotes a word, phrase, or passage the meaning of which is disputed.
Alternative explanations of these are arranged under letters
(a) (b) (c) ; see e.g. purely.
•|- denotes a conjectural emendation, e.g. marishI" ; or a form of a word
substituted by modern editors for the form found in old editions,
e. g. STATUAf.
' placed after a vowel marks the Shakespearian stressing of the word in
question ; e. g. aspe'ct ; u'nfelt, an/e'lt in the quotations s.v.
(S.), (Eliz.) placed immediately after a word or a definition mean that the
word or the sense defined is peculiar to Shakespeare, character-
istic of the Elizabethan period, respectively; (not pre-S."), (not
pre-Eliz.) are used witli corresponding implication : (once),
(twice) = occurs only once, twice, in Shakespeare.
In the introductory note (immediately following tlio headword) of articles
in which two or more meanings are treated, the meanings are
referred to by their numbers, and the remarks appropriate to
each are placed after the respective number. Thus, when
expanded, the note s. v. cabin vb. will read : With sense 1 com-
pare sense 2 of the substantive cabin ; sense 2 has been echoed
by modern Avriters. The note s. v. line sb.^ : Sense 1 involves
a metaphor from angling; sense 7 is recorded only from Shake-
speare.
Etymological statements are placed within square brackets. The term
'aphetic' is applied to a form produced by the loss of an unaccented
vowel at the beginning of a word, e. g. lege, for ' allege '.
Fj, F.,, Fg, Ti^lst, 2nd, 3rd, 4th Folio edition (of lt)23, 1G32, 1663, 1685,
respectively) ; Ff=all the Folio editions.
Qi) Qj> "-^c. = 1st, 2nd, &c. Quarto edition; Qq = all the Quarto editions of
a particular play or poem.
The method of recording variants is illustrated by the following examples:
couipnlsative (S.; Ff), compulsatory (,Qq) — means that the first
form, which is peculiar to Shakespeaie, is the reading of the
Folios ; the Quartos having the second form.
Ustsb.': ...0th. II. i. 10-i(Q, ; Qq,, FfZeawe)— means thatthe IstQuarto
reads list, the 2nd and 3rd Quartos and all the Folios leaue.
uLiBttxil f (Ft mixtfuU) — means that mist/ul does not occur in any old
edition, all the Folios reading mixtfull.
undlstingniislied ... 0 undistingnish'd (Qj Ff in-) space oftcomati's will!
(Qq loit) — informs us that the old editions liave the following
readings (minor differences of spelling being neglected): —
Folios 0 indistinguisli'd space of woman s icill ;
1st Quarto 0 indistinguish'd space of icoman'' s toit ;
2nd and 3rd Quartos 0 undistinguish'd space of u^omans wit.
Italic type is restricted to quotations from the text of Shakespeare.
Small capitals are employed in referring from one article to
another. An article immediately preceding or following is
referred to as ' prec' or ' next '.
SHAKESPEARE GLOSSAEY
A-
— ABSOLUTE
a' : for ' )ia ' = lie, in mod. odd. usually a', or re- j
placed by he Ham. ii. i. 58 There loas a (juming.
a- : for ' lia ' (q.v.) = have LLL. v. ii. 17, Ham. iv.
V. 65.
a ■ (worii-down form of 'of and 'on', freq. in Ff |
and Qq and retained in a few places in mod. j
edd., but usually altered to o", c^\ or ow
1 = of Ado III. ii. 42 ft mornings, (Cf. a-days, a-
KIGHT.)
2 = on H5 IV. iii. 42 a tip-toe. (Cf. a-ueight, a-high.)
3 = in All'sW. II. i. ii Icept a coil. (Cf. a-piec£S.) |
-a used, without affecting the meaning, to provide
an extra syllable in burlesque verse Wint. iv. ii. ,
1:54, l:;ti[iii. 133,135], iv. iii. Sitiliv. •.',2-i]MgdttiHtii
due/,, iHij datr-ii. Ham. iv. v. 170, i-c. [ii. 117.
aliandoned: banished, kept away /)0i/« Slir. Ind. I
abase: to lower (.the eyes) 2H6 i. ii. 15, R3 i. ii.
1248 (Ff).
abate U the usual sense; the corresponding intr. |
sense ' decrease ' israi'e ; 2 is common Eliz. ; 3 l>
are rare)
1 to lessen, shorten MND. ill. ii. 432 A. thy hours.'
2 to blunt, tig. 2H4 i. i. 117 his metul . . . once in him
(ihidid, R3 V. iv. 48 Lv. 35] Abate the tdtn of traitors.
3 to deprive of Lr. 11. iv. 161 a-d inc of ludfing trai)i.
4 to bar, except LLL. v. ii. 545 .1. throw at uoviiiii,
and the tihole itorld again Cannot pick onfjiie such.
5 to dei)reciate (a person) Cyni. i. iv. 78 / would
abate her nothing.
6 to liumble Cor. iii. iii. 130 most Abated caiitiies.
abatement (in sense 1 usu. legal nietaplior)
1 reduction, diminution Ham. iv. vii. 120 abate-
ments and dilai/s, Lr. I. iv. 64, Cym. v. iv. 21.
2 depreciation of a person's character Tw.N. 1. i. 13.
abhor (2 term of canon law = Latin ' detestor')
1 to liorrify, disgust Ham. v. i. 2o5(Ffi how abhorred
my inmgination is, 0th. iv. ii. 162 It docs a. }ne.
2 to protest against H8 11. iv. 79 I ntlcrlif abhor,
vea . . . lief Use you for myjiidge ; cf. Err. iii. ii. 165.
abhorred :" abominal)le (ireq.) John iv. ii. 224.
abhorringf (rare ; • abhorrence ' is post-S.)
1 abhorrence, loathing Cor. l. i. \l\Jtatter hemuth a.
2 object of disgust Ant. v. ii. 60 hi the water-fiies
Blow me into abhorrim/ : cf. 'an abhorring unto
all tlesh' (Isaiah lxvi.'24i.
abide (.senses 'remain ' and 'endure' are common)
1 no more but a., make onlv a brief stav 'Wint. iv.
ii. [iii.] 100.
2 to face or encounter in fight MND. ni. ii. 422 A.
me, if thou dar'st, 2H4 11. iii. 36, Cym. in. iv. 186.
3 esp.'with ' dear ' = abv MND. iii.' ii. 175 (Q.. Ffi,
Caes. m. i. 94, ii. 120.
ability: wcaltli, means Tw.N. in. iv. 380, 2H4 i. iii.
45 ; cf. Ado IV. i. 201 .ibility in m(ans.
abject: adj. his abject object, the object of his con-
tempt H8 I. i. 127. — sh. the queen's abjecls, the most
servile of her subjects R3 i. i. 106.
abjectly: basely Tit. n. iii. 4 thinksof me so abjectly.
able adj. (1 occurs six times, 2 once)
1 strong, vigorous, active AU'sW. iv. v, 87, 2H4 i.
i. 43, Ham. v. ii. 211.
2 talented, clever Sonn. Ixxxv. 7 titat able spirit.
able vb. : to warrant, vouch for Lr. iv. vi. 173.
abode sb. (1 and 2 now obs. ; 3 now chiefly in echoes
ofthe Bible; cf. ' We will. . . makeourabode witli
him ' John xiv. 23)
1 waiting, delay Mer.V. n. vi. 21 my long abode,
2 temporary remaining, stay Cym. i. vi. 53.
3 make abode, to dwell, reside Gent. iv. iii. 23, Lr.
I. i. 136.
abode vb. : to bode, forebode 3HG v. vi. 45, H8 1. i. 93.
abodement : foreboding, omen 3H6 iv. vii. 13.
abomination : sense of 'detestation ' not S.)
1 abominable tiling or act Ant. in. vi. 94 tnost large
In his aboiiiiuatiuns, Lucr. 921, 1832.
2 abominableness Lucr. 704 Ere he can see his own a.
abortive : adj. born prematuicly ; (hence) un-
timely, unnatural, monstrous, lit. and tig. LLL.
I. i. 104 (Oi a. birth, 2H6 iv. i. 60 this thy a. pride,
R3 I. ii. 21, I. iii. 228. — sb. untimely or monstrous
birtli John 111. iv. 158 Abortms. jin^fK/is.
aboiind : to be rich H8 1. i. 83 ; cf. I'liilippians iv. 18.
about : used imperativelv : get to work, bestir
yourself! Wiv. v. v. 61,"2H4iii. ii. 305, C»s. in.
ii. 209, Ham. ir. ii. 625.
about prep. : follows its nouii in Per. in. Gower 2
•Vo dill hnt snijris thi liousi abimt.
above: upstairs Wiv. iv. ii. 80, Err. 11. ii. 211, II i4
n. iv. 558.
Abraham Ciipid : ace ADA:si-f Cupid. [21.
abram: corruption of 'abron' = auburn Cor. n. iii.
abridge ./Vofi/ : to deprive of, debar from Mer.V. i. i.
127 t(j hi aliridi/'d Front such a nuble rate.
abridg'ement : means of shortening or whiling
away t he time, pastime MND. v. i. 39 what abridge-
ment have you for this evening?, Ham. n. ii. 448
look uhere my dbridgenuut comes [i.e. the players].
abroach: set abroach, to set on foot 2H4 iv. ii. 14,
K3 I. iii. 325, Rom. i. i. 110.
abroad ^the following are the chief uses)
1 outside certain limits : (a) away or apart from
one's own body or person 2H6 in." ii. 172 His hands
abroad display'd, Cym. i. ii. 4, in. iv. 180, Compl.
137, 183 All my offences that abroad you see ; (b) away
from one's home, out of one's house, in foreign
lands Tp. in. i. 52, Caes. v. iii. 95, Ham. i. i. 161
then . . . no spirit can walk abroad.
2 about in the world, in public Meas. in. ii. 90,
LLL. I. i. 187 There's lillany abroad, Rom. v. iii.
IttO, 0th. I. iii. 393.
abrook: to brook, endure, bear 2H6 11. is'. 10.
abruption : breaking off in speech Troil. in. ii. 68.
absent: iihsint time, time of absence R2 11. iii. 79 ;
so ahsint hours 0th. in. iv. 173.
absey-book, i.e. ABC-book : primer, hornbook
John I. i. 196 then comes answer like an ubsey-book.
absolute (sense 3 is common in 17tli cent.)
1 free from imperfection, complete, finished, per-
ABSTRACT
I'ect Meas. v. i. 54, Ham. v. ii. 112 an absolitte
(/ottlemaii, Per. iv. Gower 31.
2 unrestricted, unconditional 2H4 iv. 1. 18*5, Cor.
III. i. 115 Thowjh there the people lind more a. poiitr.
3 positive, perfectly certain, decided Meas. in. i.
5, Cor. III. i. 89 mark tjou his absolute ' shall ' /,
Cym. IV. ii. 106.
abstract (3 and 4 are peculiar to S.)
1 epitome (of something greater), compendium (of
many qualities) John ii. i. 101, Ant. i. iv. 9 the
eihstract of all faults.
2 summary account R3 iv. iv. 28, Ham. ii. ii. 555
abstretds and brief chronicles of the time.
3 summary proceeding All'sW. iv. iii. 100 nn ab-
stract of success. Ant. in. vi. 61 (obstruct i).
4 short catalogue or inventory Wiv. iv. ii. 65.
abuse sb. (1 and 2 were common Eliz., now obs.)
1 ill-usage, injury, wrong, insult, offence, crime
Wiv. V. iii. 9, Meas. v. i. 241, 3H6 in. iii. 188 the
abuse done to my niece, Rom. iii. i. 199, Sonn.
cxxxiv. 12 throuf/h my unkind abuse.
2 imposture, deception, delusion Ham. rv. vii.50 Or
is it some a. and no such thing ? (Cf. Self-abuse.)
3 corrupt practice Meas. ii. i. 43, C«s. ir. i. 115 the
time's abuse, Ven. 792.
4 injurious speaking, reviling 2H4 ii. iv. 341 ; pi.
(obs.) Meas. v. i. 342 his treasonable abuses.
abuse vb. (precise meaning often doubtful ; in
many examples two or more senses are blended)
1 to impose upon, cheat, deceive Ado v. ii. 104.
Ham. II. ii. &i0, Lr. iv. i. 22 thy abi'scd father's
wrath, rv. vii. 77, Cym. i. iv. 129.
2 to ill-use, maltreat, do violence to Wiv. i. i. 3,
Err. V. i. 199, R3 i. iii. 52 his simple truth must be
a-d, Rom. iv. i. 29, Lr. iv. vii. 15, Sonn. xlii. 7.
3 to insult Ant. v. ii. 43, Cym. il. iii. 154. |v. 41.
4 to disgrace, dishonour Wiv. ii. ii. 310, IHO iv.
5 to malign, revile Tim. ii. ii. 48, 0th. v. i. 123.
abuser : corrupterOth. i. ii. ISabuserofthe icorld.
aby : to pay the penalty for, atone forMND. iii. ii.
175 (Q._, Ff abide), 335 (Ff abide).
abysm (orig. fonn 'abime'; rliymes with 'time'
as late as 1616)
1 bottomless pit Ant. in. xi. [xiii.] 147 abysmofhell.
2 profound chasm or gulf (fig.) Tp. i. ii. 50 ubysm
of time, Sonn. cxii. 9.
academe : academy, philosophical school LLL. i.
i. 13, IV. iii. 30.3.
accent (1 first in S., as also the senses 'peeuliin-
mode of utterance ' A YL. in. ii. 363, ' metrical
stress' LLL. iv. ii. 125)
1 word, speech, language John v. vi. 14 emy accent
breaking from thy tongue, 1H4 i. i. 3, Rom. il. iv. 31,
Caes. III. i. 113 7n . . . accents yet unknoini , Lucr. .jOO.
2 second accent, echo H5 ii. iv. 126.
accept: accepted (as decisive) H5 v. ii. 82.
accidence : rudiments of (Latin) grammar Wiv.
IV. i. 18.
accident : occurrence, incident, event Tp. v. i. 305
the particular accidents gone by , Ado ii. i. 190, Ham.
III. ii. 211.
accite (1 common 1500-1680 ; 2 used by Ben Joiison)
1 to summon, cite 2H4 v. ii. 141, Tit. i. i. 27.
2 used for ' excite ' 2H4 ii. ii. 67 (Ff 3 \ cvcites).
accommodate (rare ; 1 first in S.)
1 to furnisli, t(|ui!i 2H4 in. ii. 73. Lr. iv. vi. 82.
2 pa. pi'lc. favijund Cym. v. iii. 32 A-d by the place.
accommodation (Ben Jonson in his 'Discoveries'
speaks of : the perfumed terms of the time, as
'accommodation', 'complement", ' spirit ', &c.)
1 provision, entertainment 0th. i. iii. 230 such a.
eind hesort As lerels n<ith her breeeling.
2 pi. conveniences, comforts Meas. iii. i. 14 all ih'
accommodations that thou bear'st.
- ACTOR
accomplice : comrade in arms 1H6 v. ii. 9.
accomplish mot very freq. ; sense 2 only S.)
1 to equip perfectly Mer.'V. iii. iv. 61, R2 n. i. IIS
Anouiplislid nilh the number of thy hours (= ot
the same age as thou), H5 iv. Clior. 12 The
armourers, accomplishing the knights.
2 to gain, obtain 3116 in. ii. 152 to accomplish tuenty
(jolden croirns.
accord sb. : (' at a." is Chaucerian ; 2 not post-S.)
1 harmony, concord Shr. in. i. 74, H5 v. ii. 381 :
AYL. I. i. ^'■J at accord ( = iii agreement).
2 assent, consent Err. 11. i. 'lo, H5 v. ii. 71, Ham.
I. ii. 123 ; Troll, i. iii. 238 .lace's accord, with.
Jove, i.e. lieaven, on their side.
accord vb. : to agree, assent AYL. v. iv, 140, Rom.
I. ii. 19 iny consent and fair according roic( .
accordant: agreeing, consenting Ado. i. ii. 16.
accosting t : see coasting.
accountant : liable to give an account, account-
able Meas. II. iv. 87, 0th. 11. i. 305 accountant for
Ks great « sin.
acctise : accusation 2H6 in. i. 160 By false accuse.
acerb : sour and bitter 0th. i. iii. 355 (Qi only).
aclie sb. : pronounced ' aitcli " like the letter H
(cf. Ado in. iv. 55) ; hence pi. aches is of two
syllables (Tp. i. ii. 370). [edd.
ache vb. : pronounced ' ake ' and so spelt in orig.
Acheron : river of the infernal regions, app.
supposed by S. to be a lake Tit. iv. iii. 44.
achieve (freq. in sense 1 ; rare in 2 and 3)
1 to gain, obtain AH'sW. i. i. 53, Cor. i. ix. 33,
,Sonn. Ixvii. 3.
2 to make an end of, kill (Fr. achever) H5 iv. iii. 91.
3 to accomplish one's purpose Cor. iv. vii. 23.
achievement: acquisition 2H4 iv. v. 188, Troll.
I. ii. 317, IV. ii. 72.
achiever : winner, victor Ado i. i. 0.
Achilles' spear: the rust from which cured
The wcmnded Telephus 2H6 v. i. 100.
Achitophel: Absalom's counsellor (2 Samuel xv.),
2H4 I. ii. 39. [iii. 320.
acknown : be a. on, confess knowledge of Otii. lu.
a-cold: cold Lr. in. iv. 57 Tom's a-cold.
aconitum : poisonous extract of the plant wolf's-
bane or monk's-hood, Aconitum Xapellus 2H4
IV. iv. 48.
acquit (tlie foil, are the rarer meanings in S.)
1 to atone for Lucr. 1071 Till life to eleath acquit my
forc'el offence.
2 to repay, rc<|uite Mer.V. v. i. 138, H5 n. ii. 144.
3 pa. iiplf. acquit of, rid of Wiv. i. iii. 25.
acqiiittance ^h. (rare ; a doubtful instance occurs
in titli. IV. ii. 193; Q] only, i\\>iXQ^\, acquaintance)
1 writing in evidence of a discharge LLL. 11. i. 160
ac<{uitleinces Forsuch a sum, Cym. v. iv. 174.
2 discharge, acquittal Ham. iv. vii. 1.
acquittance vb.: to acquit, clear R3 in. vii. 231.
across: crossed, folded Caes. 11. i. 240 nith your
eirms across, Liicr. 1062.
act sb. (S. has several ordinary uses : earliest known
example of ' act ' of a play H8 Epil. 3).
1 performance, action, operation, execution Mer.V.
1. iii. 84, All'sW. i. ii. 30, John 111. i. 274, H8 in.
ii. 183 tJie honour nf it hoes paij the ewt of it.
2 event Oth. v. ii. 370 This hcai'ij act.
act vb.: to put ill action 2HG v, i. 103 toa. controlling
lairs. Rom. III. ii. 16, Ant. v. ii. 45.
action: gesture, gesticulation Shr. Ind. i. 132,
Cajs. III. ii. 226 .4., nor utt(ranii. nor tin pniier of
speech. Mac. v. i. 31, Ham. in. ii. 20, Lucr. 1403.
action-taking': litigious, seeking satisfaction at
law I.1-. n. ii. IS action-taking knave.
actor: doer Jleas. II. ii. 37 Condemn th$ fault, and
not the actor of it.', All'sW. n. iii. 29, Lucr. 008.
ACTUAI. -
actual : consisting in action, active Mac. v. i. 13
)ar imlliiiui and ullicr acttud performances, 0th. iv.
ii. 153 of tlioiiglif or acfmil (hril.
acture : action, pertuiinaucc Compl. 185.
Adam {'2 ' bufl' ' was useil toi- ' the naked skin ')
1 the offending Adam, the Old Adam, H5 i. i. 29.
2 the picture of old Adam, (jocularly for) the bailiff's
officer, who wore bulf (like Adam) Err. iv. iii. 13.
3 = Adam Bell, a fainuus arcliir Ado i. i. 269 [261].
Kenct; Ada mi Ciijiid i.e. tujiid the Archer, Kom.
II. i. 13, for orig. Abraham VniUd (whicli has not
been satisfactorily explained).
adamant : stone or mineral of excessive hardness
1H() I. iv. 52; identified with the loadstone or
magnet MND. li. i. 105, Troil. iii. ii. 186 as turtle
/o her mate, As iron to adamant.
a-days (mod. edd. e/ daijn) : 2H4 ii. iv. 250, Tim. iv.
iii. 293.
addiction : inclination, bent H5 1. i. 54, 0th. ii. ii. G.
addition (the ordinary uses occur; 1 is frcq. ; 2
and 3 rare)
1 .something added to a man's name to denote his
rank, &c. ; title, style of address ; mark of dis-
tinction ; Wiv. II. ii. 'MH devils' additions, All'sW.
II. iii. 134, Cor. i. ix. 66, Mac. in. i. 106 (cf. sense
.3), Ham. i. iv. 20, Lr. i. i. 138 The name and all
th' addition to a kinr/, ii. ii. 26, Otli. iv. i. 105.
2 something added to a coat of arms as a mark of
honinir Troil. iv. v. 140. [20.
3 puriicular a-s, distinctive attributes Troil. i. ii.
address (most freq. in sense 2 ; 3 and 4 are rare)
1 to direct LLL. v. ii. 92, MND. ii. ii. 14.3, Tw.N. i.
iv. 15 address thij r/ait iinto her.
2 to prepare, make ready MND. v. i. 106, Mer.V.
II. ix. 19, H5 III. iii. 58 To-morrow for the march
arc lie addrest, Caes. in. i. 29, Ham.i. ii. 216 it. , . did
iiddriss Itself to motion.
3 to get oneself ready Troil iv. iv. 146 Let us address
to tend OH Hector's heels.
4 to make one's speech Lr. i. i. 193.
adhere: to hang together, agree Wiv. ii. i. 63,
Mac. I. vii. 52 Xor time nor place Did then adhere.
adjunct (not pre-Eliz.)
adj. connected, annexed John in. iii. 57, Ronn.
xci. 5 ererij humour liatli his adjiinti jilmsiirc.
sb. something annexed LLL. iv. iii. 314 liarnin//
is hutan a. ti> ourself ; pei'son in attendance Sonn.
cxxii. 13 To keep an a. to remember thee.
admirable : to be wondered at, wonderful MND.
V. i. 27 strani/e and admirable. [x. 2].
admiral: flagship 1H4 in. iii. 28, Ant. in. viii. 12
admiration (the foil, are occasional uses)
1 quality of exciting wonder or approbation, ad-
niirableness Tp. in. i. 38.
2 object of wonder, marvel All'sW. ii. i. 91.
3 note of admiration, the sign ! Wint. v. ii. 12.
adxaire (rare use) : to wonder (.at) Tp. v. i. 154,
Tw.N. in. iv. 167 nor admire not in thy mind, why
I do cull thcr so.
adm.ired (1 <f. unavoided = inevitable)
1 admirable Tp. in. i. 37, Ant. n. ii. 125.
2 wonderful Mac. in. iv. 110 With most a. disorder.
admittance: acceptance, sanction; (hence) vogue,
lashiun Wiv. in. iii. 61 ; n. ii. 240 of great ad-
mittance {= in high favour).
adoptedly : by adoption Meas. i. iv. 47 Adoptedly ;
as schciol-maids change their names.
adoptions Christendoms : christenings of adopted
children All's W. i. i. 190^
advance : to raise, lift up Tp. i. ii. 405, H5 v. Prol.
44, K3i. ii. 40.4. thulialberd higher than my breast,
Rom. n. iii. 5. 'J TIic many passages in which
flags and standards are said to be ' advanced '
may bear this meaning.
— APPECT
advantage sb. (sense ' profit, benefit ' is frcq. with
phr. nailce or take a. of, rarely on Yen. 405) ; also
'advantageous or favourable position ')
1 favourable opportunity, chance Tp. in. iii. 13 The
next a. Will we take, Oth. i. iii. 299, n. i. 249, Yen.
129 ; 3H6 in. ii. 192 /o»- adiantages ( = as it serves
my convenience ; cf. (Joinpl. 123) ; Oth. in. iii. 312
to the (idrantage (= opportunely).
2 pecuniary profit, interest on money Mer.V. i. iii.
71 neither lend nor borrow L'pon adiantagc ; tig.
John in. iii. 22.
3 with advantages Uh iv. iii. 50 ('his story will lose
nothing in the telling').
advantage vb. (l the trans, sense is more freq.)
1 to be of benefit Tp. i. i. 36 our own doth little a.
2 to augment R3 iv. iv. 324 Adcantaging their loan
Kiich interest.
adyantag°eable : profitable, advantageous H5 v.
ii. 88 aiiiiinltigiiible for our dignity.
advantageous care: anxiety to obtain a position
of advantage Troil. v. iv. 23.
adventure sb.: hazard, chance Wint. v. i. 156,
John V. v. 22 ; at all adventures, at all hazards,
whatever may be the consequences Err. ii. ii.
220, H5 IV. i. 12.3.
adventure vb.: to venture Wint. i. ii. 38, R3 i.
iii. lit'.. Rom. ii. ii. 84, v. iii. 11, Cym. in. iv. 1,56.
adversity: perverse one, quibbler Troil. v. i. 14.
adve'rtise: to inform, instruct Meas. i. i. 41 " o/(c
that can my part in him advertise, 31lr, v. iii. IS,
H8 n. iv. i7<) he might the king . . . ndtniisc.
advertisement (stressed always on the second
syllable)
1 information 1H4 in. ii. 172 this a. is five days old.
2 advice, counsel Ado v. i. 32, All'sW. iv. iii. 240
an ad,(rtisiment ...to take heed, 1H4 iv. i. 36.
adve'rtising : attentive Meas. v. i. 384 Advertising
and liol/i to your husiiiess.
advice: consideration, deliberation, consultation
Gent. II. iv. 208, Mer.V. iv. ii. 6, Shr. i. i. IIO,
John in. iv. 11, H5 ii. ii. 43 on his more advice
(= after maturer reflection).
advise (' to counsel ' is the commonest sense ; cf.
ADVISED 2)
1 reH. and intr. to bethink oneself, consider Tw.N.
IV. ii. 104, H5 III. vi. 171, Rom. in. v. 192, Lr. ii.
i. 29 Advise yourself.
2 to inform, apprise Gent. in. i. 122, All'.sW. nr. v.
26, H5 II. Chor. 12 advis'd by good intelligence, H8
I. ii. 107 I shall anon advise you Further.
advised (see also well-advised)
1 considerate, deliberate, cautious, well-considered
Mer.V. I. i. 143 n<ith more advised watch. Joliii iv.
ii. 214, R2 I. iii. 188, H5 i. ii. 179 The advised head
defends itself.
2 be advised, take good advice, take care, be cautious
LLL. IV. iii. 368, H8 i. i. 139, Oth. i. ii. 55.
3 art thou not ftdvistd, art thou unaware? Shi-, i. i.
190 ; so 2H4 i. i. 172, 2H6 ii. i. 47 ; / am etdriscd,
I know very well Err. v. i. 214. |122.
advocation : pleading of an advocate Oth. in. iv.
sedile : magistrate in ancient Rome who liad tlie
superintendence ol public ))nildiiigs, police, &c.
Cor. III. i. 173, &c.
aerial: of the atmosphere oth. ii. i. 39 (Ff eriall).
aerie: nest, or (esp. in S.) brood of a bird of prey,
and particularly of hawks John v. ii. 149, R3"i.
iii. 264 ; Ham. n. ii. 362 aerie of children (with
reference to the young choristers of the Chapel
Royal and St. Paul's, who acted plays).
afar oflF: remotely, indirectly Wiv. i. i. 215, Wint.
II. i. 103.
affect sb. (both senses were in common Eliz. use)
1 kind feeling, affection R2 i. iv. 30.
APFECT— <
2 disposition, tendency LLL i. i. 150, Otli. i. iii. 265
the young affects ( = youthful inclinations).
affect vb.' (2 by far tlie commonest sense ; 4 only
once)
1 to aim at, aspire to Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 4:i3, 2H6 iv.
vii. 103, Cor. in. iii. 1 affects Tyrunnkul jioner, iv.
vi. 32.
2 to be fond of, love Tw.N. n. v. 28, Lr. i. i. 1.
\i to be inclined Ant. i. iii. 71 making peace or war
As tliou affect' st.
4 to assume the character of, imitate Jolin i. i. 86
Tlie accent of Ill's towjuc aff'ectith him.
aflfect vb.- : to act upon contagiously, as a disease
Troil. II. ii. 59 wh((t mprtiiiasty itself affects.
affiected (the mod. sense ■ full of aflectation ' occurs
once LLL. v. i. 15)
1 disposed, inclined Gent. i. iii. 60, Slir. i. i. 26 in
all aff'ected as yourself, Lr. ii. i. 100 ill affected.
2 in love LLL. ii. i. 230 that which we loi'ers entitle
affected, Ven. 157.
afiie'ctedly : lovingly Compl. 48. [145.
affecting': using allectation, affected Wiv. ii. i.
afifection sb. (tlie usual S. sense is the ordinary
one of ' love ' ; 4 is rare)
1 emotion, feeling, esp. pi. LLL. i. i. 9, Mer.V. i.
i. 16, Cses. II. i. 20 when his affections sway'd More
tlian Ii is reason.
2 mental tendency, natural disposition Mer.V. i.
ii. 37, Mac. iv. iii. 77 my most ill-compos'd aff'ection.
3 state of mind towards a thing, bent, inclination,
wish Tp. I. ii. 478 My affections Are then most
humble, Ado ii. ii. 7 whatsoever comes athwart his
iiffutioii, LLL. V. i. 95, Cor. i. i. 109.
4 atfeitation LLL. v. ii. 408, Ham. ii. ii. 473 (Qq).
affection vl>. : to have affection for Wiv. i. i. 234.
affectioned * : (a) full of affectation ; (b) self-
willed, obstinate Tw.N. ii. iii. 162.
affeer : to confirm Mac. tv. iii. 34 The title is affeerUJ.
affiance : confidence H5 ii. ii. 127, Cym. i. vi. 163.
affianced : betrothed Meas. m. i. 221 affianced to
h(r by oatli.
affined (sense 2 is only S.) [all affin'd and kin.
1 related Troil. i. iii. 25 The wise and fool . . . seem
2 bound 0th. i. i. 39 Whe'r I . . . am affin'd To lore
the Moor.
affirm: to maintain (a statement) H5 v. ii. 117, Lr.
II. ii. 83,
affray : to frighten away Rom. in. v. 33. [87.
affront sb. : gaee tk' a., made the stand Cym. v. iii.
affront vb. (the precise sense in passages under 2
and 3 is doubtful)
1 to meet, accost Ham. in. i. 31 That he . . . may here
Aff'ront Ojihelia.
2 to face, encounter Wint. v. i. 75, Cym. iv. iii. 29.
3 to confront ; meet, respond to Troil. iir. ii. 173.
affy (both senses were in gen. use till 1650)
1 to tru.st in Tit. i. i. 47 I do affy In thy npriyhluess.
2 to l)etroth 2H6 iv. i. 80.
a-front: abreast 1H4 ii. iv. 226 /oi»- came all a.
after (unusual applications of common meanings)
1 according to Tp. n. ii. 79 after the irisest { = in the
wisest fashion).
2 at the rate of Meas. n. i. 261.
after- in comb.: = later, subsequent, future ; afler-
dibts All'sW. IV. iii. 256, -hours E3 iv. iv. 294,
-inquiry Cym. v. iv. 187, -loss Sonn. xc. 4, -lure
Gent. in. i. 95, -meetinyCov. ii. ii. 44, -nourishmiiit
Per. I. ii. 13, -times 2H4 iv. ii. 51, -wrath Ant. v.
ii. 2S'i.
after-dinner: time following dinner, afternoon
Meas. HI. i. 33, Troil. n. iii. 122.
after-eye: to look after Cym. i. iii. 16 left To
iiflir-eye him. [i. 34.
after-supper: late sijiiper, rere-supper MND, v.
-AlB
ag°ain (sense 2 arose first with vbs. like ' ring ' : cf.
Mac. V. iii. 54//((; iC>vy(c/(0, That should applaud a.)
1 back AYL. m. v. 132 why I answer'd not arjaiti,
Shr. n. i. 217 come ai/ain. Good Kate, Cym. iv. iii.
1, Sonn. Ixxix. 8 pays ii tine again.
2 used to indicate intensity of action Mer.V. in.
ii. 2114 II Oiling here until I siveat again, 2H6 iv. i. 78
sliitll hiss at thee again.
against (see also the aplietic form 'gainst)
1 exposed to Sonn. Ixxiii. 3 those boughs which
shake against the cold.
2 in expectation of, in time for AYL. iv. i. 158,
Troil. I. ii. 189, Rom. iv. ii. 47, Ham. ii. ii. 513 0.5
we often sec, a. some storm, A silence in the lieaiens.
3 as conj.: in expectation of the time when, by the
time that MND. in. ii. 99 against she do appear,
Shr. IV. iv. 104.
ag'ate : iise<l fig. in allusion to the small figures cut
in agates for seals Ado in. i. 65, 2H4 i. ii. 18 I was
iirier iiiinniiil with an agate till now; so agate-
Stone l»oni. I. iv. 56.
agaz'd : astounded, amazed 1H6 i. i. 126 stood a.
Agenor : father of Europa Shr. i. i. 172.
aggravate (S. has only two out of many contem-
porary uses)
1 to increase Sonn. cxlvi. 10 to aggravate thy store.
2 to make worse Wiv. 11. ii. 301, R2 i. i. i'i'themore
to ilgi/l-iliil/e till IKilt .
aglet-baby : un binall figure carved on the tag of
a lace ; (h) doll or ' baby ' decked with aglets or
tags Shr. i. ii. 79.
agnize : to acknowledge, confess 0th. i. iii. 232.
agood : in good earnest Gent. iv. iv. 172 / made her
11(1 ji iigood.
ague : malarial fever Ca;s. 11. ii. 113 that same ague
iihiili hath wade yon lean ; fit of shivering Mer.V.
I. i. 23 My wind . . . Would blow me to an ague.
a-height : on liigh Lr. iv. vi. 59 Look iip a-height.
a-higli : aloft R3 iv. iv. 86 One lieav'd a-high.
a-hold : close to the wind Tp. i. i. 54 Lay iter a., a. !
aidance : assistance, aid 2H6 in. ii. 165 /o>- aidance
'gainst the enemy, A'en. 330.
aidant: helpful Lr. iv. iv. 17 aidant.. la the good
mini's distress.
aim sb. (3 meaning doubtful ; some interpret ' let
me liave space or scope ')
1 mark, butt Meas. i. iii. 5, R3 iv. iv. 90 To he the
aim of II try dangerous shot, H8 v. iii. 118 ; gate
aim to, was tlie object of Gent. v. iv. 101 her that
gate aim to all thy oaths.
2 conjecture, guess C»s. i. ii. 162 'What you would
work nte to, 1 have some aim.
'igite aim, to guide (a person) in his aim by in-
forming; him of the result of a preceding shot ;
fig. to lielj) Tit. V. iii. \i^ give me aim awhile*.
4 cry aim, to encourage archei-s by crying ' Aim ! '
wlientheywereaboutto shoot, (hence) to applaud
John II. i. 196.
aim. vb. (S. lias also the ordinary sense ' direct a
weapon ' witli its fig. derivatives)
1 to guess, conjecture 2H6 11. iv. 58 ihon aiinesf all
awry, R3 i. iii. 65, Ham. iv. v. 9 they aim at it.
2 to mean, intend Err. in. ii. 66 (aimf. Ft am).
air sb. (senses 2, 3, and 4 become common after S.,
as also the sense of ' tunc ' MND. i. i. 183)
1 breath Wint. v. iii. 78 There is an air comes from
her, 2H6 in. ii. 371* catch the air.
2 take air, (of a plan) to get abroad Tw.N. iii. iv.
147 lest the device take air.
3 manner, style Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 758 the air of the
court, Tim. v. i. 26 I'romising is the very air 0' the
time. '
4 mien, demeanour Wint. v. i. 128 Your father's
image. .His very air.
AIR- ;
air vb. (1 is now associatoJ with ' to put on airs ')
1 to wear openly, expose to public view Cym. ii. iv.
96 to air this jewel.
2 aind abroad*, exposed to the airs of foreign lands
Wint. IV. i. [ii.] 6.
Ajax : son of Telamon (2H() v. i. 26), one of the
Greek heroes in the Trojan war, taken as tlie
type of the dull-witted warrior (Lr. u. ii. 132 ;
cf. Troil. II. i. 1-69J : with pun on 'a jakes ' LLL.
V. ii. 578.
alarm, alarum sb. (diiferentiated spellings of
the same word, used indiscriminately in the old
edd., but in mod. edd. ulavam is usu. appropri-
ated to 1 and 2, and alarm to 'i, 4, and 5)
1 the cry or signal ' allarmo ' (to arras) 2116 v. ii. ?,
R3 IV. iv. 149 strike alarum, drums J
2 ca-lltoarmsRSi. irl Oar skrHal<uiims(QiaIarmcs);
flg. 0th. II. iii. 27 an alaram to loir.
3 loud noise, disturbance Shr. i. i. 130 (Fi alarum),
K2 I. i. 205 these hone alarms.
4 sudden attack, suipriso Mac. v. ii. 4 the <jrim
alarm (Fx alarme). Van. 424.
5 state of surprise or excitement mingled with
fear Ham. ii. ii. 640 in the alarm of fear (Fj
alarum, Qq alarme).
alarum, vb. : to call to arms (fig.), rouse to action
Mac. II. i. 53, Lr. ll. i. 55.
alarum-bell : bell rung as a signal of danger
Mac. II. iii. 81. (Cf. 'lakum bell.)
alate : Lr. i. iv. 211 (Qq) ; Ff and mod edd. of late.
albeit : usu. disyllabic, is trisyllabic in John
V. ii. 9.
alchemy : transmutation of base metals into gold
Sonn. xxxiii. 4 (fig.).
Alcides: Hercules Mer.V. ii. i. 35.
alderliefest : dearest of all 2H6 i. i. 28 mine al-
dtrliifrst SOI ( re 11/ II..
Alecto : one of the Furies 2H4 v.v. 40 fell A' s snake.
ale-washed : ' drowned ' in ale 115 in. vi. 85 alc-
ivashed irits.
alien: adj. belonging to others Sunn. Ixxviii. 3
eicrij alien pen; sb. stranger 1114 in. ii. 34 an
alien to the hearts Of all tlie court.
a-life : dearly Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 263 7/om a ballad in
print a-life (most mod. edd. read o' life).
alig'ht : for ' alight from ' Ven. 13 to a. thy steed.
all: sb. alloiu-, of us all >Tohn iv. ii. 102, Cor. iv. vi.
34. — adj. any whatever Mac. in. ii. 11 Thini/s wilh-
mtt all remedy. — adv. only, exclusively All'sW.
III. ii. 71, Lr. i. i. 102, Sonn. Ixxvi. 5.— all too, al-
together too 2H4 V. ii. 24.— conj. although R3 iv.
iv. 226 Thy head, all indirectly, gate direction,
all- in comb. :
1 (objective) nll-buildinr/ Meas. n. iv. 95, -cheeriiu/
Rom. I. i. 139, -hidim/ Lucr. 801, -oblivious Sonn.
Iv. 9, -secinyTm ii. i. 83, -seer v. i. 20, -teliinn LLL.
11. i. 21.
2 = ' wholly, completely ', sometimes assuming an
instrumental relation = 'by all', all-nlihomd
1H4 v. i. 16, -disgraced Ant. in. x. [xii.] 22,
-licensed Lr. i. iv. 223, -o6r //»(//(= obeyed ; cf.
UNRECALLiNG) Ant. III. xi. [xiii.] 77, -worthy
Cym. III. V. 94 ; all-watched (= tliat has all been
spent in watches) H6 iv. Chor. 38.
all-amort [Fr. a la mort ' to death '] : ' sick to
death,' dispirited, dejected Shr. iv. iii. 36, 1H6
HI. ii. 124.
allay sb. : means of abatement Wint. rv. i. [ii.] 9
to irhoxefeelin/i sorrows I might be some allay ; so
allay ment "Troil. iv. iv. 8, Cym. i. v. 22.
allaying: diluting Cor. ii. i. 53 not a drop of
allin/infi Tiber.
allegiant: giving allegiance, loyal H8 in. ii. 177
ulleyiant thanks.
- AMEBCE
All-Hallond eve : eve of All Saints' Day, Meas.
II. i. 135. AU-Hallowmass : Nov. 1st, Wiv.
I. i. 211 All-J/iilhjwn„iss 1, 1st, a f.ehii.jhl before
Michaelmas. All-Hallown summer, spell
of fine weather in the late autuiun ; tig. vigour
lasting on into later life 1H4 i. ii. 177.
all hid: children's cry at the game of hide-and-
seek or blindman's-buff LLL. iv. iii. 78.
alliance : marriage Ado n. i. 332, Rom. ii. iii. 91.
allied : related, connected Gent. iv. i. 49, Meas.
III. ii. Ill the vice is of a great kindred ; it is ivella.
allot: to appoint 1H6 v. iii. 55 Thou art allotted to
he ta'en by me,
allottery: share, portion AYL. i. i. 78 the poor
(illottery my father left vie.
allow (the foil, are the less common S. uses)
1 to approve, .sanction, license Tw.N. i. ii. 57, I. v.
100 an allowed fool, Tim. v. i. 167 Allowed wilh
absolute power, Lr. n. iv. 194.
2 to grant, admit 2H4 i. iii. 5, Lucr. 1845 ; also
with o/Tw.N. IV. ii. 64 ere 1 will a. of thy wits.
3 to assign as one's due Mer.V. iv. i. 304 the law
allows it [the pound of flesh].
4 refl. to lend itself Lr. ui. vii. 105 his roguish
madness Allows itself to any thing.
allowance : admission or acknowledgement of a
claim Troil. i. iii. 377, Ham. in. ii. 32 in your
allowance, 0th. ii. i. 49.
all-thing: in every way Mac. in. i. 13 all-thing
unbecoming.
ally (cf. allied) : kinsman, relative AYL. v. iv.
196, Rom. III. i. 115.
allycholly : corr. of ' mallycholly ', old form of
'melancholy' Gent. iv. ii. '28, Wiv. i. iv. 160.
Almain : German 0th. u. iii. 87.
almost : used to intensify a rhetorical question
.Julm IV. iii. 43. Tf A16th-18th cent. use.
alms-basket: to live on the alms-basket., to live upon
l)ublic charity LLL. v. i. 42.
alms-deed : act of charity 3H6 v. v. 79 murder
is thy iilms-deed.
alms-drink: remains of liquor reserved for alms-
folk, leavings Ant. n. vii. 5.
alms-man : man supported by alms, beadsman
R2 III. iii. H'i an alms-man's gown.
alone : having no equal, unique Gent. ii. iv. 168
She is a., Ant. iv. vi. 30 a. the villain of the earth.
alter : to exchange Tw.N. ii. v. 173 She that would
alter services with thee.
amain : with full force or speed Tp. iv. 1. 74, her
peacocks fly amain, Troil. v. viii. 13 cry you all a.
amaze sb. : extreme astonishment LLL. ii. i. '244.
amaze vb. : to bewilder, perplex John iv. iii. 140
/ am a ma id . . . and lose my way, Ven. 684.
amazement: bewilderment, perplexity, distrac-
tion, frenzy Meas. iv. ii. '220, John v. i. 35, Troil.
V. iii. 85, Ham. in. iv. Ill amazement on thy
mother sits. ^ The mod. sense of ' ovei-whelniing
wonder' occurs, e.g. Ham. in. ii. 346.
Amazonian : resembling an Amazon or female
warrior 3H6 1. iv. 114, Cor. n. ii. 96 his Amazonian
chin (' beardless ').
ambition: object of strong desire Ham. in. iii.
.55 3Iy crown, mitie own ambition, and my r/uien.
ambuscado: ambush Rom. i. iv. 85.
amend (<f. the much more freq. mend)
1 to correct, reform, improve LLL. iv. iii. 76 Ood
amend us, 1H4 in. i. 179, 2H4 1. ii. 143 ; to repair,
mend Cor. iv. vii. 12 I must excuse What cannot
be amended.
2 to become better, recover Tp. v. i. 115 Th' afflic-
tion of my mind amends, Tw.N. i. v. 53.
amerce: to punish Rom. in. i. 196 I'll amerce you
Willi, so strong ajine.
2
AMES-ACES -
ANTIC
ames-aces: two aces, the lowest possible throw
at dice All'sW. ii. iii. 85.
amiable (2 the commou use in S."s time ; the
mod. sense is later)
1 of love Wiv. II. ii. 248 an umiaUe nieye, Ado in.
iii. 160 tltis amiable encounter.
2 lovable, lovely Ado v. iv. 48, MND. iv i. 2 thy
muiablc cheeks, Shr. V. ii. 142, 0th. in. iv. 60.
amiss (thrice only in S. , and somewhat rare other-
wise ; cf. MISS sb.)
1 misdeed, fault Sonn. xxsv. 7 Myself corrupfimj,
sahhw thy amiss, cli. 3.
2 calamity Ham. iv. v. 18 prologue to some great a.
am.ong°: eeer among, all the while 2H4 v. iii. 22
And ever among so iiurrily.
am.ort : see all-amort.
ample : fully, completely All'sW. m. v. 43, Tim.
I. ii. 138 how ample you're beloi'il.
an' (in old edd. often and, of which it is only a
clipped fonn)
1 if (freq.) ; even if, though (Mer.V. i. ii. 95) ; also
an '/Tp. II. ii. 125, Mer.V. iv. i. 446 ; what an if,
though Tit. IV. iv. 9.
2 whether MND. v. i. 196.
3 as if MXD. i. ii. 87 ^Ff, Qq and, mod. edd. as),
H5 II. iii. 11.
an- : see an edge, an-end.
anatomize (old edd. anathomizt)
1 to dissect Lr. in. vi. 80 let them anatomize Regan.
2 to lay open minutely, analyse (cf. annothaxize)
AYL. I. i. 165, AllsW. iv. iii. 37, Lucr. 1450.
anatomy (popular word in sense 1 ; survives dia-
lectally as atomy)
1 skeleton Err. v. i. 239, John in. iv. 40 that fill
anatomy [i.e. Death]. [in. iii. 105.
2 applied depreciatively to the bodily frame Rom.
anchor sb. : anchorite, hermit Ham. in. ii. 231.
anchor vb. (literal phrases are used in 2H6 iv. i.
9, Lr. IV. vi. 19)
1 to tix tirmly R3 iv. iv. 232, Ant. i. v. 33 There
/could he aiuhor his aspect.
2 to fix one's thoughts Meas. n. iv. 4, Cym. v. v.
394 Posthuiiius anchors upon Imogen.
anchorage* : set of anchors belonging to a ship
Tit. I. i. 73.
ancient (corruption of ' ensign ', which in its
early forms was confused with 'ancyen', &c.,
contemporary forms of ' ancient ')
1 ensign, standard 1H4 iv. ii. 34 an old faced a.
2 standard-bearer, ensign 1H4 iv. ii. 26, 2H4 n. iv.
73, 0th. I. i. 33, &c.
ancientry (1 F, aunchentry ; 2 a 16th cent, use)
1 old-fashioned style Ado n. i. 81 state and a.
2 old people Wint. ill. iii. 62 wronging the ancientry.
and:
1 joins two nouns (forming the figure called
hendiadys) one of which is logically in adject-
ival relation to the other ; or two adjs. the first
of which is adverbial to the second : tediousness
and /»-oft.v,« = tedious process R2 n. iii. 12, flint
and hardHcss = Kn\iy hardness Ant. iv. ix. 16;
slow and moling ^slovfly moving 0th. iv. ii. 54.
2 =an ' q.v.
andirons: fire-dogs Cvni. n. iv. S8 her andirons . . .
tiro innkixg Ciipids Ofsihir. [1H4 in. i. 132.
an edge (moil. odd. on. idiji) : Wint. iv. ii. [iii. J 7,
an-end (this form survives dialectally)
1 still an-end : continually Gent. iv. iv. 68.
2 on end 2H6 in. ii. 318, Ham. i. v. 19 each particular
hair to stand an-end, in. iv. 121.
angel (tlie sense of ' ministering spiiit, divine
niessciipcr ' is freq. ; angels nf light Err. iv. iii. 55)
1 j.'tuius. demon Mac. v. vii. 43 [viii, 14] the angil
uhom thou . . . hast sirc'd.
2 (a) good genius; (b) darling C'ivs. in. ii. 186*
Brutus . . . teas Cusar's angel.
3 gold coin having as its device the archangel
Michael, value from 6s-. 8/. to 10s. according to
the period John n. i. 590 ; often used punningly
Wiv. I. iii. 62, 2H4 i. ii. 189 ; hence ancient angel,
a fellow of th'old, sound, honest, and worthie
stanipe ' (Cotgr. s. v. ' Angelot ") Shr. iv. ii. 61.
angerly : angrily Gent. i. ii. 60, Mac. ni. v. 1 how
now, Hecate .' yon look nngerly.
ang°le sb.' : fishing-hook or line Ant. n. v. 10 ; flg.
Wint. IV. i. 51 [ii. 52], Ham. v. ii. 66.
ang'le sb.- : corner Tp. i. ii. 223((« odd a. of the isle,
angle vb. : to fish with a rod ; flg. to use artful
means to catch a person All'sW. v. iii. 214 i>he . . .
did angle for me, Ant. ii. v. 16.
an-heir(e)S : Wiv. n. i. 227. See MYNHEERst-
an-hungry : hungry Cor. i. i. 211.
a- night : at night AYL. n. iv. 47 coming a-night to
Jane Smile.
annexion : addition, adjunct t'ompl. 208 With the
annexions of fair gems enrich'd.
annexzaent : adjunct, appendage Ham. in. iii. 21
£nrh small unnijiiu nt, ["Ity consK/mncc.
annothanize iQq, P^i) prob. for anatomize (Ff2 3 4) :
to explain, interpret LLL. iv. i. 70.
anon (like 'presently', 'anon' meant orig.
' straightway ', ' at once ')
1 soon, in a little while, presently ; = a waiter's
' coming ' 1H4 ii. i. 5 ; till anon, for a while Ant.
II. vii. 45.
2 now again, presently again LLL. iv. ii. 6 ; erer
and anon, every now and then LLL. v. ii. 101.
ans'wer sb. (the foil, uses are somewhat technical)
1 reply made to a charge, defence, account 2H6 ii.
i. 201 callthese foul offenders to their ansuers, Cor.
HI. i. 176, Ci»s. I. iii". 114.
2 anything done in return, corresponding or
resulting action, retaliation, punishment H5 ii.
ii. 143 to the a. of the law, iv. vii. 143 quite from
the answer of his degree (= not bound to answer
the challenge of one beneath his rank), Cym. v.
iii. 79 Great the skeughter . . . gnat the answer ;
in fencing, the return hit Tw.N. in. iv. 308,
Ham. V. ii. 283 in a. of the third exchange.
answer vb. ('reply', 'correspond to', 'satisfy",
are freq. senses)
1 to return, requite Wiv. iv. vi. 10 hath answir'd
my affection.
2 to atone for Ctes. in. ii. 86 grievously hath Casnr
answer d it.
3 to render account of lH4iv. ii. 8, Ham. in. iv. 176
I will . . .a. will Thi death I gave him, Cym. in. v. 42.
4 to act in conformity with, obey Tp. i. ii. 190 To
answer thy best pliasure.
answerable (only thrice in S.)
1 accountable 1H4 n. iv. 579 if he have robb'd these
mi II, He shall be answerable.
2 corresponding, suitable Shr. it. i. 353 all things
ansirerable to this portion, Oth. i. iii. 351.
anthem : song of grief or mourning Gent. iii. i.
241, Yen. S3n; Plia-n. 21.
Anthropophaginian : Wiv. iv. v. 10, one of the
Aiithiiipiipliiiiii i(ith. I. iii. 144) or cannibals.
antic(k (ni old edd. a'ntick or a'ntiqtie in all uses)
adj. fantastic, grotesque, ludicrous Rom. i. v. 60,
n. iv. 30, Ham. i. v. 172 To put an antic disposition
on, Sonn. xix. 10.
sb. 1 grotesque entertainment LLT,. v. i. 122 page-
ant, or antick, or firi-iiork.
2 burlesque performer, buffoon. mcrrj--andrew
Ado MI. i. 63. R2 iii. ii. 162 the untick [Death],
Troil. v. iii. 86 Like williss nnticks.
antic vb. : to make like btitfoons Ant. u. vii. 132.
ANTICKLY -
— APFBOBATION
antickly : fiintastically Ado v. i. 96 Go untickli/,
>/«)((' outiiiinl hiiUoasHCus.
antipathy : contrariety of feeling or disposition
Lr. ir. ii. 92.
Antipodes : tliose who dwell on the opposite side
..f the glolio Mer.V. v. i. 127, K2 in. ii. 49
iiitiiihriii;! aitli the Antijwdts.
antiquary: ancient Troil. ii. iii. 265 the a. times.
antiquity: old age 2H4 i. Li. 211 blasted iiitli
uittiquilij Sonn. Ixii. 10.
antre : caveni Otli. i. iii. 140 anires vast and
disarts idle.
ape (allusion iji Ham. in. iv. 194 like the /anions
ape, is obscure)
1 imitator Wint. v. ii. 112, C'ym. ii. ii. i31 0 skip!
thou ape of death.
2 fool C'yui. IV. ii. i^-ljollitij for apes.
3 /((((/ ajies in lull, the supposed conseiiuentc of
dying an old maid Slir. ii. i. 34.
ape-bearer: one who carries a monkey about lor
exhibition Wint. iv. ii. [iii.] 102.
a-pieces : in or to pieces H8 v. iv. 82 heiii;/ torn a.
apoplezed: paralysed Ham. in. iv. 73 tlial sense
Is ajiojiU.r'd.
apostroplias : ?read ' apostrophus ' (usu. 16tli-
IStli cent, form) = apostrophe LLL. iv. ii. 124*
Yon find not the a., and so miss the aectitf.
appaid : contented, satisfied Lucr. 914.
apparent adj. (most freq. in sense 1)
1 evident, plain Gent. in. i. 116 Without ajijiarint
hazard of his life, Oas. ii. i. 198.
2 seeming Mer.V. iv. i. 21 thy struni/e-a. cruelty.
sb. = heir apparent 3116 n. ii. 64 as apparent to the
croirn ; fig. claimant Wint. i. ii. 177 Aext to thy-
xclf . . ., he's Apparent to my heart.
apparently: evidently, openly En\ iv. i. 19 If he
should scorn me so apparently.
appeach (2 peculiar to S.)
1 to inform against, impeach R2 v. ii. 79, 102.
2 to give accusatory evidence AU'sW. i. iii. 199
your passions Have to the full appeach'd.
appeal sb. : impeachment, accusation R2 i. i. 4 to
make f/ood the . . . late appeal. Ant. in. v. 12.
appeal vb. : to accuse, impeach R2 i. i. 9 // he
appeal the duke, i. iii. 21.
appeared (Ft) : made evident Cor. iv. iii. 9 your
favour is irell a. {approvuli) by your fonr/iie.
appellant (Ff appmlant) : adj. accusing or im-
peaching another of treason R2 i. i. 34 Come I
appellant to this princely presowe, iv. i. lOi Lords
A ppellanis (Fi: fl.oi'eidji). — sb. one who challenged
another to single combat to prove upon his body
the treason or felony of which he ' appealed '
him R2 i. iii. 4 the s^tminons of the appellant's
trumpet, 2H6 II. iii. 49. [105.
appendix: adjunct (said of a bride) Shr. iv. iv.
apperil : peril, risk Tim. i. ii. 33 Let me stay at
thiiit appiril.
appertaining' : appropriate to Rom. in. i. 68.
appertainin^s (S.): belongings, appurtenances
Conipl. 115.
appertainments (S.) : rights, prerogatives Troil.
n. iii. 88 We lay by Our appertainments.
appertinent (by-form of 'appurtenant' after
Latin ' pertinere')
adj. I)eh>ni;ing or becoming to LLL. i. ii. 17, 2H4 i.
ii. 196 ijit'ts apptrtinent to num.
ah. pi. tilings pertaining (to a person) H5 il. ii. 87
((// appirtinenis Belonyiiif/ to his honour.
applaud: to approve of, praise Gent. i. iii. 48 0:
that our fathers ivould applaud our loves, Mac. in.
ii. 46, Per. ii. v. 58.
applause: approbation, approval AYL. i. ii. 2S0
Bijh Lommcndation, true upplauH.
apple of the eye; the pupil of the eye, so calif I
because it was supposed to be a solid s'oljulai-
body MIsD. ni. ii. 104; LLL. v. ii. 476* laauh
upon the apple of htr (ye ('laugh upon her i.i
a very affectionate manner').
apple-john: kind of apple said to keep two years
and to be in perfect condition when shrivelled
and withered 2H4 n. iv. 5.
appliance (the mei.icinal sense colours most uses)
1 (a) willing service ; (b) medicinal treatment
All'sW. II. i. \h'>* I conutotender . . . uiy applianci .
2 remedy, medicinal application H8 i. i. 124 that's
theupptiance onlyM'liivh yourdisease rc'iuires, Ham.
IV. iii. 10, Per. in. ii. 86.
3 means, apparatus 2H4 in. i. 29 With all (qipliaiuis
and nu(ins to lout.
application : administration of a medicament,
iiifdicinal treatment AH'sW. i. ii. 74.
apply (used freq. with ref. to the application of
remedies ; the foil, are rare uses)
1 apply for, interpret as Caes. n. ii. 80 these dots she
apply for ivarninys.
2 to attend assiduously to Mac. in. ii. 30 Let your
remembrance apply to Banf/uo.
3 to be suitable to Wiv. ii. ii. 252.
appoint (the more usual senses are 'determiue',
' designate ', ' nominate ')
1 to arrange (e. g. a meeting) Tit. iv. iv. lui.
2 to equip, chiefly in pa. pple. Wint. iv. iii. [iv. ]
605 To hare you royally appoinlul, H5 in. Clior. 4
The icell-appointid kiny ; also retl. and fig. Wint.
I. ii. 326* To appoint myself in tliis vexation.
3 to assign, grant C«s. iv. i. 30 / do appoint him
store of provender.
appointment (the sense ' engagement, assigna-
tion ' and 3 are equally common)
1 resolution, purpose Ant. iv. x. 8*.
2 direction, dictation H8 n. ii. 134 tluit yood fellow
. . .follows my appointment.
3 equipment, accoutrement R2 ni. iii. 53 Our
fair appointments.
apprehend (1 the commonest meaning ; mod.
sense 'anticipate with dread' barely appears:
cf. Troil. in. li. 78)
1 to seize, arrest 0th. i. i. 178, ii. 77.
2 to understand Ado n. i. 85 you apprehend iiaxxinr/
shrewdly.Cym. in. iii. 17.
3 to conceive, imagine MND. v. i. 5, 1H4 i. iii. 209
He apprehuuls a world offiyures here.
apprehension (4 tends to "pass into the mod. sense
' anticipation with dread ')
1 seizure, airest 3H6 in. ii. 122, Lr. in. v. 20 that
he may he ready for our apprehension.
2 physical perception MND. in. ii. 178 The ear
more quick of apprehension. Cor. ii. iii. 232.
3 mental perception, understanding, grasp of mind
H5 in. vii. 150 // the English had any a., Troil.
II. iii. 125 his evasion . . . Cannot ouljiy our as.
Ham. II. ii. 326 [iii. 319] in a. how like a nod!;
quickness of wit Ado in. iv. 67 ; 1H6 n. iv. 102*
(or, conception, i. e. of my father and me).
4 conception, imagination Meas. in. i. K Tlie sense
of death is most in a., R2 l. iii. 300 thea. oftheyood,
Ham. IV. i. 11 in this brainish a., Cym. iv. ii. 110.
apprehensive: possessed of intelligenceornnder-
standing. quick to perceive or learn AU'sW. i. ii.
tiO, 2H4 IV. iii. 107, Cses. in. i. 67 men are fiesh
and blood, and apprehensive.
approach: liostile advance, attack John v. ii. 131
This apish and linnuinnerly approach, Tim. v. i.
169 Of Atcibiades the approaches wild ; inf a river)
H8 in. ii. 190.
approhation Oion-techuical seiiso of ' approval,
assent ' also occurs)
AFPROOF - i
1 confiniiation, attestation, pioof Wiiit. ii. i. 176,
H5 I. ii. 19, Cym. i. iv. I'i9 put . . . on the ujiprv-
hation of tvlint I liate spoke.
2 sanction H8 l. ii. 71 Jii/ harned a. of the judijis.
3 probation, novitiate Meas. i. ii. 189 the doidcr
otlii; And there recehe her approbation.
approof (not freq. outside S., wlio lias 4 examples)
1 trial, proof All'sW. li. v. 'i of mliunt upproof { = oi
proved valour). Ant. iii. ii. 21 on thy approof {-on
tlie trial or proof of tliy conduct).
2 approbation Meas. ii. iv. 175 Either of condemna-
tion or approof; All'sW. i. ii. 50* So in approof
liees not his epitaph { = tlie truth of Lis epitaph is
in no way so fully confirmed).
appropriation: special attribute or excellence
(added to his onn i/ood parts) Mer.V. i. ii. 45.
approve (1 and 3 are freq. ; the ordinary mod.
.sense occure)
1 to prove, demonstrate to be true, corroborate,
confirm Mer.V. ill. ii. 79 approve it with a text,
All'sW. 111. vii. 13 icUirh well approves You're
greed in fortune, H8 ii. iii. 74, Mac. i. vi. 4, Ham.
I. 1. 29 He may approie our eyes, Cym. v. v. 246.
2 to convict Ado iv. i. 44 an approved nanton, 0th.
II. iii. 2\'i approv'd in this offence.
3 to put to the proof, test," try (esp. in pa. pple.)
Shr. 1. i. 7, R2 ll. iii. 44 more approved service,
1114 I. i. 54 valiant and approved Scot, Otli. i. iii. 77.
4 to commend Ham. v. ii. 142 (' would not be much
to my credit'). Per. ii. i. 56.
approver : one who malies a trial Cym. Ti. iv. 25.
appurtenance : that which belongs to something
Ham. II. ii. 397.
apricock : apricot MND. iii. i. 173, R2 iti. iv. 29.
apron-man: mechanic Cor. iv. vi. 97 i'ou, and
i/oar apron-uti a.
apt (1 is freq., but hardly passes into the mod.
' likely, calculated ' ; tlie sense ' fit, suitable " is
also freq.)
1 ready, prepared, willing Ado ii. i. 215, H5 ji. ii.
S6 how apt our love was to accord, Cses. iii. i. 160
so apt to die.
2 easily impressed, ready to learn Cor. iii. ii. 29,
Cses. v. iii. 68, Ham. i. v. 31 Ifnd thee apt.
3 natural Otli. ii. i. 299 'tis apt, and of yreat credit,
V. ii. 175.
aqua-vitae: ardent spirits Wiv. ii. ii. 322 my uqua-
litir lid/llc, Rom. IV. V. 16.
Aquilon: north wind Troil. iv. v. 9 paff'd A.
Arabian 'bird : phosnix ; fig. unique specimen
Ant. HI. ii. 12, Cym. i. vi. 17.
Arabian tree: tree of tlie phwnix Phoen. 2 (cf.
Tp. in. iii. 22-4).
araise: to raise from the dead All'sW. ii. i. 79.
arcll sb.' : v:alery arch, rainbow Tp. iv. i. 71;
raaUcd arch, heaven Cym. i. vi. 33.
arch:
adj. chief, prime, principal, pre-eminent R3 iv. iii.
2 Tlie Most arch deed of piteous massacre, H8 in. ii.
103 ; 3H6 ii. ii. 2 (arch-enemy), 0th. iv. i. 71 {arch-
mock) , Meas. v. i. 57 (arch-riUain). [patron.
sb.- chief, master Lr. li. i. 61 My worthy arch and
argal, arg'o : corruptions of ' ergo ', therefore
Ham. v. i. 13, &c. ; 2H6 iv. ii. 32.
arg'osy [orig. form ' ragusy ' = a vessel of Ragusa in
Sicily] : merchant vessel of the largest size and
burden Mer.V. i. i. 9, &c.
arg°ue: to prove, evince, betoken LLL. iv. ii. 57,
3H6 II. ii. 25 Which aryu'd tliee a tiiost unlnvimj
father, Ham. v. i. 11 itaryaesnn act, Lucr. 65.
argument (occurs 78 times in S., of which 18 have
the sense ' debate, discussion ')
1 itroof, evidence. Ado ii. iii. 254 [242] no yreat
arjument of lur folly.
-AKT
2 subject of contention or debate H5 in. i. 21
sheatlCd their swords for lack of a., Mac. ii. iii. 127.
3 subject-matter of discourse, tJieme, subject Ado
I. i. 266, 1H4 II. ii. 104 it would be aryument for a
week, II. iv. 314, Sonn. xxxviii. 3, Ixxvi. 10.
4 summary of tiie subject-matter of a book Ham.
III. ii. 150 ; fig. contents Tim. ii. ii. 188 /// would
. . . try the aryument of hearts.
Ariachiie: incorrect for 'Arachne', who chal-
lenged Athene to a weaving match ; the goddess
tore up A.'s web, and A. hanged herself, but
Atliene clianged her into a spider Troil. v. ii. 152.
arithmetic: computation, calculation Cor. in. i.
244 'tis odds beyond arithnutic.
arm vli. : to take in one's arms Cym. iv. ii. 400.
armado : fleet of ships Err. in. ii. 141 whole arnai-
dois of carracks, John in. iv. 2.
arm-gaunt": (a) lean from bearing arms or from
much warlike service ; (b) with gaunt limbs
Ant. I. v. 48.
armipotent : mighty in arms LLL. v. ii. 647
aniiipotiiU Mars, All'sW. iv. iii. 266.
arms : military profession 1H6 ii. i. 43 since first
I fotlow'd arms.
aroint thee !-. avaunt, begone Mac. i. iii. 6, Lr. in. iv.
127. ^Cf. the north-country 'roint' or 'rynt
thee ' = get out of the way.
a-row : one after another Err. v. i. 170.
arrant : thoroughgoing, out-and-out (freq.) H5
in. vi. 64. ^ Tlie orig. application was to ' thief '
(cf. Tim. IV. iii. 443) ; an arrant ( = errant) thief
was an outlawed robber roving about the country.
arras: hanging screen of tapestry placed round
the walls of household apartments, often at such
a distance from them as to allow of people being
concealed in the space between Wiv. iii. iii. 97,
Ham. n. ii. 163.
arrearag'es: arrears Cym. ii. iv. 13 grant the
tribnti , St nil the arrearages.
arrest sb. (always with legal or judicial reference)
1 under (an) arrest, under legal restraint, arrested
Meas. I. ii. 1-U, R2 iv. i. 158.
2 order, decree Ham. ii. ii. 67 he . . . sends out
arrests On Voriinbras.
arrest vb. (usu. in sense ' to apprehend ' a pei-son)
1 to seize (property; by legal warrant Wiv. v. v. 121
his horses are arrested for ii.
2 to take as security (hg.) Meas. ii. iv. 135 I do
arrest your words, LLL. ii. i. 159.
arrivance (Qq Ff -ancie, -uncy) : people arriving
0th. II. i. 42.
arrive (1 is close to the etymol. meaning, Latin
' arripare ' to bring ashore ; cf. ' 1 aiyve or come
newly to a porte by sea ', Palsgr.)
1 to land at 3H6 v. iii. 8 have arriv'd our coast,
Cks. I. ii. 110.
2 to reach Cor. ii. iii. 189 arriving A place of potency
and sway o' the state, Lucr. 781.
3 arrive at, attain to Tim. iv. iii. 514.
art (4 short for 'art magic ', Latin ' ars magica')
1 skill (esp. opposed to ' nature ') : skill in a par-
ticular science MND. i. i. 192, Rom. ii. iv. 97 by
art as irell as by nature, Mac. iv. i. 101 ;/ your
art ('((», /(// so murh (cf. sense 41, Ven. 291.
2 learning, science Wiv. in. i. 109, LLL. iv. ii. 115
all those pleasures. . . that art irouldconiiiri lieiid; pi.
with allusion to the ' liberal arts ' studied in the
middle ages LLL. ii. i. 45, Shr. i. i. 2, Per. ii. iii.
82 Ml/ education been in arts and arms, Sonn.
Music 13 [Pilgr. 223].
3 practical application of a science H5 i. i. 51 the
art and practic part of life ; fig. experience Lr. iv,
vi. 227; (';vs. iv. iii. 193-4 (' liis art had not be-
come a second nature ').
ABTKUB —
4 magic Tp. i. ii. 1, &c., 1H4 m. i, 48, IHG ii. i. 15
Cun/riv'd hy art find baleful sorcery.
5 artifice Compl. 295 his passion, but an a. of craft.
6 cunning Honn. cxxxix. 4 slay me not by art.
Arthur (2 perhaps suggested by place-names such
as ' Arthur's Head ', ' Arthur's Seat ')
1 Arthur's show, exhibition ot archery by the
'Order of Knights of Prince Arthur's Kound
Table', or 'the fellowship of Prince Arthur's
Knights ', a society of archers which met on
Mile-end Green 2H4 iii. ii. 303.
2 Arthur's bosom, jocular alteration of 'Abraham's
bosom ' (Luke xvi. 22) H5 ii. iii. 9.
article (in 1 and 2 'matter, business, concern'
seems to be the underlying meaning)
1 ofqreat article*, of great moment, of importance;
of ^arge scope Ham. v. ii. 123.
2 the article of thy gentry, tlie character of thy rank
^Viv. II. i. 53.
articulate vb. : to come to terms Cor. i. ix. 77 Ttie
liisf, iiilli irliom ire may articulate.
articulate pa. pple.: set forth in articles, specified
1H4 V. i. 72 These thinr/s . . . you haie arlicniale.
artificial (the sense ' produced by art (not nature) '
becomes common after S.: 3H6 iii. ii. 184)
1 skilled in constructive art MND. iii. ii. 203 like
two artificial i/otls.
2 .skilful, cunning Per, v. i. 72 thy prosperous and
artificial feat.
3 a. strife, the vying of art with nature Tim. i. i. 38.
artist (only 3 exx.; both .senses are common Eliz.)
1 one learned in the ' liberal arts ', scholar Troil. i.
iii. 24, Per. ii. iii. 15.
2 professor of the liealing art, medical practitioner
AllsW. II. iii. 10.
artless: unskilful Ham. iv. v. 19 So full of artless
jealousy is guilt.
as (the following are common old uses, now obs.
in literary English)
1 =t!iat K3 I. iv. 289 coward as thou art.
2 ' as ... as ' =though, however Ado i. i. 120 as like
him ns she is, like liim though she is, liowever
like liim she may be.
3 =so that Shr. Ind. i. 70, Sonn. Ixii. 8.
4 =asifTp. II. i. 1'28, H5ii. iv.'20. Ham. iv. vii.87;
esp. in as it nere.
5 redundant in as how AYL. iv. iii. 143. (Contrast
Ham. IV. vii. 58.)
Ascanius: son of ^Eneas 2H6 iii. ii. 116.
ash : spear of ash-wood C'or. iv. v. 114 My grained a.
asinico : see as.sinego.
askance : to turn aside Lucr. fi37 askance their ryes.
aslant (Qq ascaunt) : across, athwart Hani. iv. vii.
167 aslant a brook.
aspe'ct ('look, appearance, air' is the most freij.
meaning)
1 look, glance Err. it. ii. 115, Ant. i. v. 33 There
woul<l lie anchor liis aspect.
2 the relative positions of the lieavcnly bodies as
they appear to an observer on the eartli's surface
at a given time, and the influence attributed
thereto Wint. ii. i. 106, 1H4 i. i. 97, Troil. i. iii.
92 the ill aspects of planets evil , Lr. ii. ii. 112, Lucr.
14, Sonn. xxvi. 10. [45.
aspen : of the asp tree, Populus tremula Tit. ii. iv.
aspersion: sprinkling (of dew) Tp. iv. i. 18 Xo
sitcet aspersion shall the heavens let fall.
aspic: asp, venomous serpent 0th, in. iii. 451,
Ant. v. ii. 295.
aspire (2 not common before the Eliz. period; 3 is
Eliz., now obs.)
1 to be ambitious Gent. in. i. 154, R2 v. ii. 9.
2 to rise, mount up Wiv. v. v. 103 tchose flames
aspire, Lucr. 548.
-ASTBJEA
3 to mount up to Rom. in. i. 123 hath a-'d the clouds.
ass: Lr. i. iv. 178 thou borest thine ass (allusion to
jEsop's fable of the man, his son, and the ass) ;
C'or. II. i. 65 the a.<is in compound with the major
•part of your syllables (' .S. was thinking of the
little Latin he learnt at school, and the "As in
pracsenti ", &c.').
assail (special sense) : to address with offers of
love, woo Tw.N. i. iii. 61, Kom. i. i. 219, Cym. n.
iii. 44, Sonn. xli. 6 Beauteous thou art, tlurefore
to be assail'd.
assault : love-proposal, wooing Meas. in. i. 187,
Ado II. iii. 129.
assay sb. (cf tlie vb.; 3 was in use down to 1700)
1 trial, test Meas. in. i. 102, Tim. iv. iii. 408, Ham.
II. i. 65 with <issays of bias, 0th. i. iii. 18 By no
assay of reason.
2 effort Mac. iv. iii. 143 The great assay of art.
3 attack, assault H5 i. ii. 151 {essaysi)', Ham. n. ii.
71 To give the assay of arms.
assay vb. (now almost superseded by ' essay ' ex-
cept in the sense of testing metals)
1 to try, attempt Meas. i. iv. 76 Assay the poiver you
hare. Ham. iv. vii. 152, 0th. ll. iii. 209 passion . . .
Assays to lead the nay.
2 to learn by experience Compl. 156 The destin'd ill
she must In rsdf assay.
3 to assail with worcis, accost, address with pro-
posals of love Wiv. II, i. '25 thai he dares in this
manner a. me, Meas. i. ii. 192 bid herself a. him.
4 to challenge to a trial of strength or skill 1H4 v.
iv. 34, Ham. ni. i. 14 Bid you assay him To any
pasliine ?
assemblance : semblance, appearance 2H4 in. ii.
1:80 the . . . big assembla)tce of a man.
ass-head (with 1 cf. Wiv. i. iv. 131 i'ou shall hare
An fool's-head of your own)
1 yoti see an ass-hend of your oun MND. ill. i. 122* ;
a way of calling a person a fo(d.
2 dolt, blockhead Tw.N. v. i. 214 «)j ass-head and
a coxcomb.
assign : appurtenance Ham. v. ii, 157 six French
rapiers . . . with their a.isigns.
assinegfo (Q Ff asinico) : ass Troil. ii. i. 49.
assist : to attend, accompany Tp. i. i. 59, Wint. v.
i. 113 Yourself, amsUd with your honour'd friends ;
alisol. Cor. v. v. [vi.] 156.
assistance : body of associates Cor. iv. vi. 33
affecting one .sole throne, Without assista)ice. ^ In
liLL, V, i. 131 Qq Ff have assist((nts, mod. edd,
assistance : see the commentators.
associate: to accompany, escort, attend Cor. iv.
vi. 77, Tit. V, iii. 169, Koni. v. ii, 0 One of our
order, to associate me. [-04.
assubjugate: to reduce to subjection Troil. ii. iii.
assume: to claim, lay claim to Mer,V, ii. ix. 51 /
will assutiie desert, Per. i, i, 61.
assurance (2 cf assure 1)
1 pledge, guarantee Tw,N. i. v. 193, iv. iii. 26, 3H6
IV. i. 141 Gire me assurance with some friendly voir.
2 conveyance or settlement of property, legal evi-
dence of this Shr. n. i, 390, ill. ii. 137, &c.
3 confidence, certainty, security Ado n. ii. 50,
Mac. IV. i. 83, Ham. v. i. 125 ; for {more, better)
assurance, to increase confidence or certainty Tp.
V. i. 108, MND, III. i. 21, Shr. v. ii. 65,
assure (the following are special uses)
1 to convey (property) to a person Shr. n. i. 373.
2 to promise in marriage, betroth Err. in. ii. 146
swore I was assured to her, John ii. i. 535.
astonish: to stun, dismay H5 v. i. 40, 2H6 v. i.
146, f'xs. I. iii. 56 Such dreadful hiralds to astonish
us, Lucr. 1730,
Astrsea : goddess of justice 1H6 i. vi. 4.
ASTRONOMER —
10
AUGER
astronoiuer : one wlio professes a knowledge ol
the intiuenceof t lie stars on Imman attaiis, astro-
loger Troil. V. i. 103, Cj'm. m. ii. l'7 ; so astro-
nomical Lr. I. ii. 170, and astronomy Sunn.
xiv. 2.
Atalanta : famous for her swiftness of foot AYL.
HI. ii. 156 Atnlanta's letter part*, 295.
Ate : goddess of niisrliief Jolin ii. i. 63 An Ate, stir-
riiui him to . .. strife ; (hence) pi. incitements to
iiiiseliief LLL. v. ii. 692 More Ates, more Ates ! sitr
ihem on !
athwart adv.: from an unexpected fjuarter, per-
versely, awry Meas. l. iii. 30 ([Uitc atliwnrt Goes all
chroritiii, 1H4 I. i. 36.
Atlas: giant supposed to support tlie universe
3H6 V. i. .36.
atomy' (common Eliz.; used arcliaically ))y Tenny-
son and Kingsley)
1 atom, mote AYL. iil. ii. 246 to count atoiiiits.
2 tiny being, mite AYL. iii. v. 13.
atomy- (Q Yi anatomy) : living skeleton 2H4 v. iv.
3_'. (Cf. ANATOMY.)
atone dare before S.; 'atonement' is earlier, in
Sir T. More)
1 to set at one, reconcile E2 i. i. 202 Since ire can-
not atone yon, Tim. v. iv. 58, Otb. iv. i. 245.
2 to agree, unite AYL. v. iv. 117, (or. iv. vi. 73
(itn no more atone, Tlitin iiolenfe.it contra riify.
atonement: reconciliation 2H4 iv. i. 221, 'K3 i.
iii. 36.
Atropos: one of the Fates 2H4 it. iv. 212.
attach (orig. a law-tei-m = 'ariest', ' indict' ; the
meaning ' j lin ' is considerably post-S.)
1 to arrest or seize, as by authority of a writ (of
attachment) Err. iv. i. 74 / a. yoti hij this officer,
2114 IV. ii. 110 Of capital treason I attach you both,
H8 I. i. 217 ; fig. 2H4 n. ii. 3 ; hence attached =
atl'ected Tp. ni. iii. 5 atlach'd unth urariness, Troil.
V. ii. 1.58.
2 to seize with the hands LLL. iv. iii. 375 citry
man attach the hand Of Ids fair mistress.
attachment: arrest, confinement (fig.) Troil. iv.
ii. 5 soft attachment to thy senses.
attainder (the foil, senses are peculiar to S.)
1 conilemnation, dishonouring accusation LLL. i.
i. loti, L'2 IV. i. 24 the a, of liis slanilerons lips.
2 stain ot dishonour R3 in.' v. 31, H8 ll. i. 41.
attaint sb. (1 the orig. legal sense was ' conviction
of a. jury for giving a false verdict ' ; 2 cf. 'taint')
1 impeachment Lr. v. iii. 83 (Si arrest).
2 infecting influence H5 iv. Chor. 39*, Yen. 741
sichness, inhose attaint Disorder breeds.
3 stain on honour, purity, or freshness, disgrace
Err. III. ii. 16, Troil. i. ii. 26, Sonn. Ixx.xii. 2,
Lucr. 825 clear from tliis attaint of mine.
attaint vb. (2 cf. the aphetic form 'taint')
1 to convict ; to condemn (one convicted of treason
or felony) 1H6 ii. iv. 90% 2H6 n. iv. 69.
2 to sully, dishonour ]H6ii. iv. 92 attainted, Cor-
rupted, Sonn. Ixxxviii. 7 faults . . . therein I am
attainted, Sonn. Music iv. 46 [Pilgr. 344].
attaint pa. pple.:
1 infectedlhGv.v.Slnerer yet a. With any passion.
2 dishonoured LLL. v. ii. 827 )'om are attaint irith
faults and perjnry.
attaintnre* : (a) disgrace ; (b) attaindei-, conviction
2H6 I. ii. 106.
attask (S.) : to take to task, blame Lr. i. iv. ."^fig.
attempt sb.: warlike enterprise, attack .Fohn v. ii.
111. .Mac. III. vi. 39 some attempt at irar ; fig. Cym.
III. iv. 185 this attempt I'm soldier to.
attempt vb. (ordinary scn.se of 'endeavour" freq.;
2 is 16tli-17thc.)
1 to try to win, obtain, or subdue Wiv. iv. ii. 2.30,
Tim. I. i. 127, Lr. ii. ii. 129 him attrmptinr/ vho
iras self-suhdu'd.
2 to try to move or influence Mor.Y. iv. i. 422 I
■)iuist atlimjil ijoufurtlier. [iv. 69.
attemptable (ti-ibU) -. open to attempts Cym. i.
attend (freq., and in various senses ; 5 only once)
1 to listen to, heed Tp. i. ii. 78 Dost flioii attend me 'I,
3H6 II. i. 168, Cym. i. vi. 142, Lucr. 818.
2 to apply oneself to All's W. l. i. 4 / must attend
his majesty's command, 1H6 i. i. 173, Ant. ii. ii. 64.
3 to tend, watch, guard Gent. v. i. 10, Cym. i. vi.
197 in a triink. Attended by my men.
4 to wait for, await Wiv. i. i. 281, E2 i. iii. 116,
Mac. III. i. 45 Attend those men Our pleasure 1,
Ham. v. ii. 205, 0th. iii. iii. 281.
5 to expect Tim. iii. v. 104 Attend our neigh tier
jud(/ement. [11.
attent: attentive Ham. i. ii. 193, Per. iii. Gower
attest sli.: evidence, testimony Troil. v. ii. 119 the
atlist (Ff test) of eyes and ears.
attest vb. (recorded first from S., who, however,
does not use 1 with personal suhject)
1 to certify, vouch for Tw.N. v. i. 162 attested by
tlie lioli; close of lips, H5 Prol. 16.
2 to call'to witness Troil. ii. ii. 1.32 la. the ti<id:<.
attired: enwrapped Ado iv. i. 146 attir'd in iron-
der, Lucr. 1601 attir'd in discontent.
attorney' (a different word from the next, this
being from OFr. ' atom? ', that from 'atornee ')
1 agent, deputy Err. v. i. 100 I . . . Jeili heire tie at-
torney bat myself.
2 advocate, pleader All'sW. ii, ii. 24, R3 jv. iv. 414
Jle tlie attorney of my love to her, Yen. 335.
3 atlorney-fjenered, deputy under a general commis-
sion and representing his jn'incipal in all lecal
matters R2 ii. i. 204.
attorney- : appointment of a legal representative,
legal commission ; hence by attorney = bv proxv
AVL. IV. i. 97, R3 v. iii. 84 7, hy eiltorneij, ble^s
thee from thy mother.
attorneyed: performed 'by attorney 'or by proxy
Wint. I. i. .30 ; employed as an attorney Meas.
V. i. 386 Attorney'd at your serrice.
attorneyship: by attorneyship = '])y Attorney', bv
proxy 1H6 V. v. 56.
attractive : drawing as by magnetic influence
MXD. II. ii. 91 attractire eyes, Ham. iii. ii. 117.
attribute: credit, reputation Troil. ii. iii. 126,
Ham. I. iv. 22, Per. iv. iii. 18.
attritotition : praise 1H4 iv. i. 3 Such attribution
should the Ilinnjtas have.
attribvitive : tliatattributesqualitiesTroil.il. ii.
5S di inclin/able).
andible : (in active sense) quick of liearing Cor. iv.
v. 2:!'i ; adv. = audibly Meas. v. i. 40,>.
audience (1 the commonest S. use ; the sense
' assembly of li.steneis ' occurs 7 times)
1 liearing, attention to what is said Cor. lil. iii. 30
audicme ; peace 1 1 say, Ham. i. iii. 93, Ant. in.
X. [xii.] 21 ; hare a., to be heard LLL. v. i. 144 ;
I/ire (lend, rouchsnfe) audience, listen Cies. in. ii.
2 ; Compl. 278 ; LLL. v. ii. 314.
2 reception at an inteniew, formal interview
granted by a superior H5 i. i. 92 The French
ambassador . . . Crav'd audience. Cor. it. i. 82.
audit: statement of account, chiefly fig. H8 in. ii
142, Cor. I. i. 1.50 I can make my audit up. Ham.
in. iii. 82 how his audit stands, Sonn. iv. 12.
auditor (occurs only thrice in S.)
1 hearer, listener M'XD. in. i. 84 What I a play to-
irard? Ill be an auditor.
2 person appointed to examine accounts of money
1 H4 n. i. 63, Tim. n. ii. 166 the exartest auditors.
augfer : carpenter's tool for boring holes in wood
AUGUR —
Cur. IV. vi. 8S coiijiii'd Into iin «-'.< Ion ; avig"er-
liole Mac. II. iii. 129 rt(rr/n/f, Hid in an n.-huli.
aug'ur sb.: propliet Sonn. cvii. 6, Plioen. 7 Azii/nr
0/ /lie fern-' s inj. ^ In the technical sense S.
uses AUGURER, q. v.
aug'ur vb.: to prophesy Ant. it. i. 10 my a-ing hope.
augnre: augury Mac. in. iv. 12-i(Ffau(/MrtA', mud.
edd. aitgurn).
augurer: augur, religious official among the
Komans whose duty it was to foretell future
events from the observation of omens C;ies. ii. ii.
37 ihefiiiy^irers. ..Plucking the enirails of an offer-
ing forth, Cor. II. i. 1.
augiiry : art of tlie augur, divination by omens
Ham. V. ii. 232 ; prophetic skill Gent. iv. iv. 74
if my augury deceive me not.
aunt (1 peculiar to S.; 2 common 17th c, sense)
1 old woman, gossip MN'D. ii. i. 51 The tvinetit aunt,
telling the saddest tale.
2 light woman "VVint. iv. ii. [iii.] 11.
auricular : perceived by the ear Lr. i. ii. 102 an
auricular asi'urance.
auspicious (not pre-S.; but 'auspiciously' is in
Drayton, 1596)
1 favourable, propitious Tp. i. ii. 182 .1 nmst
auspicious star, AirsW. iii. iii. 8.
2 betokening happiness, cheerful Ham. i. ii. 11 n i/h
one auspicious and one drajjping eye. [241.
authentic: of autliority, authoritative Wiv. ii. ii.
authority: those in office Cor. i. i. 16 What
authority surfeits on.
authorize (accented autho'ri-e in S."s time)
1 to sanction Sonn. xxxv. 6.
2 to vouch for Mac. ni. iv. 66 A leonuni's story . , .
Authorii'd by her grandam.
avail sb.: benefit, profit All'sW. i. iii. 192, iir. i.
22 for your nrails they fell.
avail vb. (2 intr. use (-refl.) is peculiar to S.)
1 to be of use to 1H6 in. i. 178, Lucr. 1273 it small
arai/s my mood.
2 '(. out of, avail oneself of, profit by Meas. iii. i. 243.
avaunt : order to be off H8 ii. iii. li) To give her the a.
ave : shout of welcome Meas. i. i. 70 A-s vehement.
Ave-Mary : number Ave-Maries, say the rosary
2116 I. iii. 59, 3H6 ii. i. 162.
aver : to assert the existence of Cym. v. v. 204.
avert : to turn away Lr. i. i. 214 To avert your lik-
iiii/ a more irorthier tray.
avised : spelling in old edd. of advised.
avoid (1,2, 3 common 16th-17thc.: 4 is a legal term)
1 to get rid of Wiv. in. v. 155, AYL. i. i. 27, Troil.
II. ii. 65 Hoir may I avoid . . . The wife I chose?
2 to withdraw, depart, retire Tp. rv. i. 142, "Wint.
I. ii. 462 let us avoid. Cor. iv. v. .34.
3 to depart from, quit Cor. iv. v. 25 a. the house.
4 to make void, refute (an accusation, &c.) Meas.
III. i. 200 (viz. 'by saying that he made trial of
you only '), AYL. v. iv. 103. [iv. 277.
avoirdupois (Q Ff haber-de-pois) : weight 2H4 ii.
avouch : guarantee, assurance Ham. i. i. 57 the . . .
/rue avouch Of mine onn eyes.
avouchnient : used for ' avouch ' H5 rv^. viii. 37.
await (iinlv two exx. in S. ; 1 is an unusual sense)
1 to ln,,k Jiut for 1H6 I. i. 48 Posterity, aicait for
irretclicd years.
2 to be in store for 2H6 i. iv. 35 What fate aivaits
the Duke of Suffolk? [echoed in line 67].
award : to adjudge, decree R3 n. i. 14.
away (1 arises from the ellipsis of some verb)
1 (cannot) get on ivith or tolerate 2H4 in. ii. 216.
2 rfiiiie aivay, come here, come along Tp. i. ii. 187,
Mac. III. v. 34; so bring nivay R2 n. ii. lo7.
aweless (rare, in senses not freq. in Eliz. period)
1 fearless John i, i. 266 The awehss Won,
11 — BAFFLE
2 tliat inspii-es no awe R3 n. iv. 52 /he iniiDcen/ anil
iiiveliss throne.
awful (sense 2 is comumn after S.)
1 commanding reverential fear or profound respect
Gent. i\. i. 46* (or sense 2), Shr. v. ii. 110, 2H6 v.
i. 98 an airful priiinly scip/rc.
2 profoundly lespectfuJ or levneiitial R2 in. iii. 76
To pay /luir an Jul dn/y.
awkward (root-meaning ' turned in a wrong
direction ' ; 2 not pre-S.)
1 perverse H5 ii. iv. 85 no sinister nor no a. claim.
2 untoward, unfavourable, adverse 2H6 in. ii. 83 by
aivkivard wind. . . Drove back, Per. v. i. 94.
3 uncouth, ungainly Troil. i. iii. 149 ridiculous and
aivkicard ac/ion.
axle-tree : used of the axis of revolution of the
heavens Troil. i. iii. (56.
ay adv. (all old edd. have the spelling T)
1 yes Tp. I. ii. 268 ; introducing a more forcible
statement than tlie preceding one Wint. n. i. 137.
2 used to introduce a question = Come ! Why! Tp.
n. i. 284 [276], Shr. v. ii. 42, Ant. in. viii. 38 [x. 29J.
ay interj. (old edd. ay, aye) : ah ! alas ! John in. i.
;M5 : esp. ay me .' (iS-eq.) Ham. ni. iv. 51, Ven. 187.
aye: ever; aye-remainine/ Per. in. i. 63 {nir-
rcmaininyf).
B
babe of clouts : rag doll John ni. iv. 58. ^ ' Babe
that children play with,' Palsgr.
baby of a e/irl : infant of a very young mother Mac,
in. iv. i06^
baccare : see backare.
Bacchanal (from Bacchus, the name of the Greek
and Roman god of wine) (i. 48.
1 priest, priestess, or devotee of Bacchus MN'D. v.
2 dance in honour of Pacchus Ant. n. vii. 111.
back sb. (1 said orig. of a sword which is all steel
from edge to back and not merely edged with
.steel ; 3 was common 1560-166(1)
1 meteil . . . steel to the very back, sound all tln-ough
Tit. IV. iii. 47.
2 rear of an armed force 2H4 i. iii. 79.
3 support, backing Ham. iv. vii. 153 this project
Should have a back or second.
back vb. (S. is earliest authority for both uses)
1 to mount 1H4 n. iii. 76, Cym. v. v. 428, Yen. 410.
2 is trith a vineyard back'd, has a vineyard at the
back of it Meas. iv. i. 31. " [i. 73.
backare (old edd. bac{c)are) : stand back ! Shr. n.
back-friend ; pretended or false friend Err. r\'.
ii. 37 (.with punning allusion to the sergeant
approaching from behind or clapping the man on
the back), •ff In the Warwickshire dialect ' back-
friend ' is a name for the troublesome agnail.
backsword-man : fencer at single-stick 2H4 in.
ii. 71. [I. iii. 133.
back-trick : (?) some figure in the galUard Tw. N.
backward : what lies behind, the past Tp. i. ii. 50.
backwardly: perversely Tim. in. iii. 18 And does
he think so backicard/y of me noic?
back-wounding : injuring treacherously from
behind Meas. in. ii. 201 back-iroiinding calumny.
bacon: (1) 'chaw-bacon ', rustic ; (2') fat man 1H4
11. ii. 99*.
badge : device, emblem, or mark on a piece of cloth
or of silver used to identify a knight or distin-
guish his followers 1H6 iv. i. 177 he iccars /he
badi/c of Somerse/, Lucr. 1054 ; (hence) token,
symbol Mer.V. i. iii. Ill, 2H4 iv. iii. 114 /he
badge of pusilliinimi/y, Sonn. xliv. 14 : so badged
(fig.) Mac. II. iii. 109 badg'd ivi/h blood (applied to
Duncans ' grooms ').
baffle: to subject (a perjured knight) to public in-
BAG- 1
famy by exhiliiting the picture of l.ini lianging
by the lieels 1H4 i. ii. 113; (hence) to disgrace,
treat with contumely Tw.N. ii. v. 177, R2 i. i. 170
ihs(jriu'<l, iiiijHdcli'd, and baffled, 2H4 v. iii. 106
And .shall qniid neirs he baffled?
bag and harjijeiije : (to retreat) with all belongings
.saved, without surrender of anytliing, and tliere-
iove lionourably AYL. ni. ii. 171, Wint. i. ii. 206.
bail sb. (2 not recorded before S.)
1 security given for the release of a prisoner Meas.
nr. ii. 44, All'sW. V. iii. 290 I'll put in hail.
2 person or persons wlio secure the release of
a prisoner by becoming surety for his appearance
in court All'sW. v. iii. 300, 2H6 v. i. Ill Sirrah,
call in my sons to he my had.
bail vb.' : to procure the liberation of (a person)
from arrest or prison by becoming bail for him
Tit. II. iii. 299 ; fig. Lucr. 1725.
bail vb.-: to confine, guard Sonn. cxxxiii. 10*.
bailiff (only once in S.) : officer of justice under
a sheriff, who executes writs, distrains, and
arrests Wint. iv. ii. [iii.] 103.
bait (1 cf. haitiny-place 2H6 v. i. 150; 3 first in S.)
1 to set on dogs to bite and worry (an animal,
e.g. a bear, bull) 2H6 v. i. 148 ; (hence) to liarass,
worry Tw.N. in. 1. 132, R2 iv. i. 238 my ivretched-
1XSS doth hail myself, Mac. V. vii. 58 [viii. 29] hnited
ii'ith the rahhie's curse.
2 intr. halt at, harass R3 I. iii. 109 (Qq) so taunted,
scorn'el, and halted at (Ff so halted, scorn'd and
storni'd at).
3 to entice with bait (lit. and fig.) Err. ir. i. 94 Du
their i/ay vesliiienls his affections huitl, Mer.V.
111. i. 57 To bait Jiih tcithal.
baiting' of bombards : drinking deep H8 v. iv. 87.
Bajazefs luiile (unexplained) All'sW. iv. i. 46.
baked-iueats : moat jiies Rom. iv. iv. 5, Ham. i.
ii. \x^i tin fuiier<il bak'd meats. ^Bakemeate;-
I Fr.] ' viaiiile en paste ', Palsgr.
baker : Ham. iv. v. 43 the owl was a baker's daui/h-
li r ; the allusion is to a local legend to the effect
that our Lord, being churlishly refused bread by
a baker's daugliter,"turned her into an owl.
balance (1 cf. ' a pair of ballauce ', Fuller 1655 ; 2
and 3 are not pre-S.)
1 used as pi. Mer.V. iv. i. 255 Are there h. here?
2 scale-pan of a balance (fig.) R2 in. iv. 87.
3 iig. counterpoise, something of equal value
All'sW. II. iii. 183 to thy estate A h. more replete.
balance vb.: to give due weight to 2H6 v. i. 9.
bald (1 nonce-use peculiar to S.)
1 bare-headed Cor. iv. v. 206 stand bald before him.
2 meagre, trivial, palti-y Err. li. ii. 112, 1114 i. iii.
C5 This beild uniointed chat of his. [i. 169.
bale : injury ; have bah, get the worst of it Cor. i.
Ijalk (2 cf. ' in stiytful termes ... to balke," Spenser)
1 to let slip, fail to use, &c. Tw.N. iii. ii. 27, Lucr.
096 altogether balk The prey.
2 ballc logic, to chop logic, bandy words Phr. i. i. 34.
balked"* : (?) heaped up 1H4 i. i, 69 Balk'd in their
oil n blood.
ball (also = ' round mass ', ' eye-ball ', ' the globe ')
1 the golden orb borne together with the sceptre
as an emblem of sovereignty H5 rv. i. 280.
2 = hand-ball or tennis-ball, esp. in fig. phrases
All'sW. II. iii. 314, H5 I. ii. 261 Vilitn we hare
match'd our rackets to these hetlls.
3 — cannon-ball H5 v. ii. 17.
ballad .sb. (2 used contcmi)tuously in H5 v. ii. 166)
1 li^ht, simple song MND. rv. i. 222 to write a ballad
of this dream, AYL. ll. vii. 148.
2 popular song, esp. one celebrating or scurrilously
attackingsome personor thing Wint. iv. iii. [iv.J
186, 2H4'iv. iii. 52.
— BAB
ballad vb.: to make (a person) the subject of a
popular song Ant. v. ii. 215 scald rimers Ballad
Its out o' tune.
ballad-monger : contemptuous term for ' ballad-
maker' lH4in. i. 129.
ballast pa. pple.: freighted, loaded Err. in. ii. 142.
ballasting: freight, weight (fii;.) Cym. in. vi. 77.
ballow : north-midland word for ' cudgel ' Lr. iv.
vi. 248 (Qq hattero, bat).
balm (only thrice in S.)
1 to anoint with fragrant oil or liquid Shr. Ind.
i. 48, Per. ill. ii. 65."
2 to soothe, heal Lr. in. vi. 107 This rest might yet
haie halined thy broken sineics.
balmy (only thrice in S.: 2 first in S.)
1 deliciously fragrant Otli. v. ii. 16 balmy breath.
2 deliciously soothing 0th. n. iii. 260 balmy slum-
bers, Sonn. cvii. 9 this most h. time. [v. 112.
balsam, balsamum = balm Err. iv. i. 90, Tim. ni.
Banbury cheese : kind of cheese which, when
pared, was veiy thin Wiv. i. i. 133.
band Ubc foil, were all common uses in S.'s time)
1 pi. fetters, bonds Tp. Epil. 9, 3H6 i. i. 186.
2 obligation, bond, tie Ado in. i. 114 To bind our
loves up in a holy band, All'sW. iv. ii. 56 in the
band of truth. Ham. in. ii. 172.
3 agreement, promise Err. rv. ii. 49, R2 i. i. 2
according to thy oath and band,
4 deed by whicli a person binds himself 1H4 in. ii.
157 the (tid of life cancels all baiuls.
banditto (old edd. -elto) : outlaw, brigand 2n6 iv.
i. 135 (either attrib. sb. or Italian pa. pple.)
bandy (of obscure origin ; 2 first in S.)
1 to strike or throw (a ball) to and fro as in the
games of tennis and bandy ; mostly fig. to give
and take (blows, words) LLL. v. ii. 29, Shr. v. ii.
173, 3H6 I. iv. 49 / wdl not handy with thie word for
word, Rom. n. v. 14, Lr. i. iv. 92 Bo you bandy
looks with me?, n. iv. 178 To bandy hasty words.
2 to contend, strive, fight AYL. v. i. 62, IHO iv. i.
190, Tit. I. i. 312, Rom. in. i. 94 the prince ex-
pressly lialh Fiirhidihn bandying in Yerona streets.
bane sb. (1 the oriL;. sense ; 2 cf. ' ratsbane ' ; 3 obs.)
1 cause of the drath of another 2H6 v. i. 120, Tit.
v. iii. 73 List Rome herself he bane unto herself.
2 poison Meas. i. ii. 138.
3 murder, destruction Mac. v. iii. 59 afraid of death
and bane. Yen. 372.
bane vl). : to poison Mer.V. iv. i. 46.
banished: banished man, outlaw, bandit Gent. v.
iv. 152 ; b. yeeers, years of banishment R2 1. iii. 210.
bank sb. (l not later than S. ; 2 not earlier than S.)
1 sea-i3hore 1H4 hi. i. 45, Troil. i. iii. 328 as barren
ets hanks of Libya, Sonn. Ivi. 11.
2 .shelving elevation in the sea or bed of a river
Mac. I. vii. 6* iipon this bank and shoalf of time.
bank vb.: to coast, skirt (S.) -John v. ii. 104*.
banner : little fringed flag on a trumpet (S.) H5
IV. ii. 01.
banquet (in ordinary sense freq.; 1 and 2 are obs.)
1 running hiinquet, slight repast between meals ;
fig. H8 1. iv. 12, V. iv. 71 (= whipping).
2 course or repast of sweetmeats, fruit, and wine,
dessert Shr. v. ii. 9 My Immiuet is to close our
stomachs up, Rom. i. v. 126, Tim. i. ii. 162.
bar sb. (3 properly, the barrier marking off the
precinct of the judge's scat, at which prisoners
stand)
1 plea or objection of force suflficient to arrest
entirely an action or claim at law Wiv. in. iv. 7,
Shr. I. i. 138 this bar in law, H5 i. ii. 35, 42.
2 obstruction, obstacle, harrier Ado n. ii. 4, Mer.V.
n. vii. 45, ni. ii. 119, CiVS. i. iii. 96.
3 tribunal, court H6 v. ii. 27, R3 v. iii, 200,
BARBABY —
Ba;'bary (country on tlie north coast of Africa)
1 sliort for ' Barbary horse ' KJ v. v. 78.
2 Barbary hen, Guinea hen 2H4 ii. iv. 107.
barbed: having the breast and flanks armed R2
III. iii. 117, R3 I. i. 10.
barber-monger : constant frequenter of tlie
barber's shop, fop Lr. ii. ii. 36.
bare sb.: naked surface Couipl. 95.
bare adj.: napless, threadbare Gent. ii. iv. 47 : fig.
All's W. IV. V. 105, H8 V. iii. 125.
bare vb.: to shave (S.) Meas. iv. ii. 188, All'sW.
IV. i. 5-i tlic hurinfi of mij beard.
bare-bone : lean skinny person lH-1 ii. iv. 363 : so
bare-boned Lucr. 1761. [119.
bare-faced : unconcealed, undisguised Mac. iii. i.
barely : in a state of nakedness AUsW. iv. ii. 19.
bareness : leanness 1H4 iv. ii. 78.
barful : hindering TSv. N'. i. iv. 41 a barful strife.
bargfain : to sell (a person) a bart/uin, to make a fool
of him, to 'sell' him LLL. III. i. 107. (Cf. B00Tsb2.)
bark about : to cover as with l)ark Ham. i. v. 71 a . . .
tefter barked {Fi' bahed) about . . .All niij smootli body.
barley-brotb : ale H5 iii. v. \^ sodden water . . .
their barU y-hroth.
barm: yeast MND. ii. i. 38.
barn : to store as in a bam Lucr. 859.
barn(e = child, bairn Ado in. iv. 48 (with pun),
All's'SV. I. iii. 28.
barnacle : species of goose fonnerly supposed to
be hatched from the fruit of a tree or from sea-
shells growing on it Tp. r\'. i. 251.
baron (2 first created under Richard III ; 3 is obs.)
1 noble, peer (orig. one who held from the king)
1H4 IV. iii. 66 the lords and barons of the realm.
2 one of the lowest rank of nobility 2H6 i. i. 8,
Yen. Ded. Baron of Tichfield.
3 pi. the freemen of the Cinque Ports H8 IV. i. 48.
Bartholomew tide: tlie feast ofSt. Bartholomew,
24th Aumist, H5 v. ii. 3.35 ; Barthol<i,ii,ii hmu-pi,!,
one siikl at Baithulomew fair iii West iSniithheid
2H4 II. iv. 249.
Basan: Ant. iii. xi. [xiii.] 127 ; cf. Psalms xxii. 12
(' bulls of Basan ').
base sb.': reason Tw.N. v. i. 79 on base and (jround
euituijh.
base sb.^: boys' game, in which a player who leaves
his ' base or ' home ' is chasecl by another, and,
if caught, made prisoner Gym. v. iii. 20 to run
The country base ; phrase bid a or the base, to
challenge as to a race Gent. i. ii. 94, Ven. .303.
base i2 a 10th cent, use, e.g. ' colored liigh or base ')
1 low, low-lying R2 ii. iv. 20 the b. earth, Lucr. 664.
2 (?) dark-coloured (with pun on fig. senses) Tit.
IV. ii. 72 is black so base a hue ?
base-court [Fr. 'basse-cour']: lower or outer court
of a mansion R2 in. iii. 176.
bases: pleated skirt of cloth, velvet, or rich bro-
cade, appended to the doublet and reaching from
the waist to the knee Per. ii. i. 173.
base string' : string of the lowest pitch in a musical
iiistrimient 1H4 n. iv. 6 the very b. of humility.
base- viol : form of violoncello Err. iv. iii. 22.
Basilisco-like John i. i. 244 : see Kyd's ' Soliman
and Perseda ' i. iii. 169 [310] Has.— I, the aforesaid
Basilisco— Knight, good fellow. Knight, Knight.
basilisk (2 cf. 'serpentine ', ' culverin ')
1 fabulous reptile, also called cockatrice, supposed
to be hatched by a sei-pent from a cock's egg and
said to kill by its breath and look "Wint. i. ii. 388.
2 large cannon, generally made of brass 1H4 ii. iii.
58, H5 V. ii. 17 (with plin on sense 1).
Basimecu: contemptuous term for a Frenchman
2H6 IV. vii. 31 Mounsieur Basimecu, the dauphin
of France. T] Still applied to Italian organ-
13 -BAVIN
grinders, with the prommciation ' boz imacu ',
in some parts of "Warwickshire.
basis (S. is earliest for fig. sense of ' foundation ')
1 base, foot Tp. ii. i. 127 o'er his iraie-irorn ba.^is.
2 pedestal Gas. iii. i. 115 on Pompey's b. liesalony.
bastard sb.: sweet Spanish wine, resembling mus-
cadel Meas. m. ii. ibroirn and icliiteb.,lR-in.i\. 30.
bastard adj. : counterfeit, spurious Mer.V. iii. v. 8
a kind of bastard hope, Sonn. Ixviii. 3.
baste: to" sew loosely Ado i. i. 289.
bastinado : beating with a stick ; AYL. v. i. 61 ;
fig. .John II. i. 463 he yiies the bastinado with his
tonijue : Our ears are cudt/ell'd.
bat : stick, club Cor. i. i. 107, Lr. iv. vi. 248 (Qq'i.
batch : quantity of bread produce 1 at one baking ;
fig. Troil. V. i. 6 Thou crust ij batch of nature.
bate sb. : strife 2H4 ii. iv. 271 ;' b.-bneciiny Ven. 655.
bate vb.': to beat the wings impatiently and flutter
away from the fist or perch Shr. iv. i. 199 these
kites That bale and biut, 1H4 IV. i. 99 (old edd.
baitid, bayted, Malone bated) ; fig. H5 III. vii. 127
(with pun on bate vb.^ 3), Rom. in. ii. 14 Hood
my unmann'd blood, bating ui my chaks.
bate vb.- (for the meanings cf. the older abate)
1 to blunt LLL. i. i. 6 bate his scythi's keen eehje.
2 to reduce, diminish, weaken Mer.V. in. iii. 32,
IV. i. 72, Tim. in. iii. 26; bated heath : subdued
or restrained breathing Mer.V. i. iii. 125.
3 to decrease, fall off 1H4 in. iii. 2 do I not bate ?
do I not dwindle ?
4 to deduct Tp. i. ii. 250 To heite me a full year, 2H4
Epil. 16, Ham. v. ii. 23 no leisure bated ; absol.
Gym. in. ii. 55 0 let me bate.
bateless : not to be blunted, keen Lucr. 9.
bat-fowling : catching of birds by night with
lights and poles or nets Tp. ii. i. 193 [185].
batlet (so Ff 234 ; Fi beitler) : bat or club for beating
clothes in the process of washing AYL. n. iv. 48.
^Gurrent until recently in Yorkshire and
AVarwickshire.
battalion (so Ff ; Qq battalia) : R3 v. iii. 11, Ham.
IV. V. 79 not in single spies, but in battalions. [67.
batten : to grow fat on Gor. iv. v. 35, Ham. iii. iv.
battery (2 not a common sense in or outside S.)
1 beating, assailing with blows, also fig. John ii. i.
446, Gym. i. iv. 23 ; in law, unlawful attack on
another by beating or wounding Tw.N. iv. i. .38
on action of battery. Ham. v. i. 110.
2 wound, biiiise 3H6 in. i. 37, Ven. ^26 where a heart
is harel, they make no battery.
battle (all the foil, are now obs. or archaic)
1 single combat R2 i. i. 92 / . . .luill in battle prove . . .
2 body or line of troops in battle array 1H4 iv. i.
129 ; fig. Ven. 619 battle. . . of bristly pikes (on a
boar's back).
3 main body of an armed force R3 v. iii. 300 the
mum battle, Mac. v. vi. 4 Lead our first battle.
battlem.ent : used loosely for 'embattled roof
John n. i. 374.
batty : bat-like MND. in. ii. 365 leaden legs and
batty wings.
bauble (orig. ' babel ' ; the spelling 'bauble 'appears
first in English in S. Fi ; 1 is the orig. sense ; 2
cf. ' bable for a foole,' Palsgr. ; 3 and 4 are obs.)
1 showy trinket of little worth Shr. rv. iii. 82.
2 stick carried by a court fool All'sW. iv. v. 32,
Tit. v. i. 79.
3 foolish, childish person, trifler 0th. rv. i. 137
thither comes this bauble.
4 mere toy Gym. in. i. 27 his shipping— Poor
ignorant baubles !
5 attrib. bauble boat, toy boat Troil. i. iii. 35.
bavin : brushwood, faggots ; 6. wits 1H4 in. ii. 61
(' soon ablaze '). ^ Still current in the midlands.
BAWBLING
14
— BED-WORK
'bawbling' : tiirtiiiii T-w.X. v. i. 58 A hnahUnii vcsmI.
'it Only S. and ei-hued by mod. writers.
bawcock [Fr. ' beau coq '] : fine fellow H.') iii. ii. 27.
bawd (north-midland word) : hare Rom. ii. iv. l:iy.
baysb.': division of a hon.se included under one
gable or between party-walls Meas. ii. i. 261.
bay.sb.= (orig. 'abay'=OFr. 'abai'.mod. Fr. 'aboi')
1 deep prolonged barking Tit. li. ii. 3 L'ncoiipic here
(ind kt Its iitdkc a hiiy.
2 in phrases relating to che position of a hunted
animal when it turns and faces the hounds, also
fig. R2 II. iii. 128 To rotisc hi.i u-rongn and chase
ihtni to the hdi/, Yen. 877 the hounds are at a hay,
Tit. IV. ii. 42, Pilgr. xi. 13 [155].
bay vb. (1 in mod. use an echo of S.; 2 not pre-S.)
1 to bark at Ctes rv. iii. 27 bay (he moon.
2 to pursue with barking, drive to bay MXD. iv. i.
119 Ihcy hay'd the hear With hounds of Sparta,
2H4 I. iii. 80 Jiayin;/ liiiii at the liccls.
.3 to hold at bay (tig.) C»s. rv. i. 4(t hay'd about with
hiiniy (iiiiiiiis.
bead (l not known earlier than S.)
1 pi. drops lof licjuid), tears John ii. i. 171, 1H4 ii.
iii. 0:5 hi mis (It >^in lit {most old edd. beds), Cses. in.
i. 2S4 hiiiils i,/s,,n-iin:
2 applied to a \ cry small thing, e.g. a fairy 'Wiv.
V. v. 55 (Ff, &e. Jitde), MND. iii. ii. :S3(i.
" SI t of beads, rosary R2 iii. iii. 147.
beaded: in the form of beads Compl. 37 Ofamher,
irystitl, mid ofbiiididjd (Q hidilid).
beadle : inferior parish otticer who might punish
petty offences 2HC ii. i. 1;!5, iic, H8 v. iv. 72;
fig. wifh reference to his punitive functions
l>LL. III. i. 185 [177J, H5 iv. i. 180 mar is his b.
beadsman : man paid or endowed to pray for
otliers, jionsioner or almsman Gent. i. 1. 18, R2
III. ii. 116.
beag'le : small variety of hound, tracking by scent;
fig. used contemptuously of a woman Tim. iv. iii.
176', but also approvingly(?) Tw.N. u. iii. I.i8'.
beak : pointed and ornamented projection at the
prow of ancient vessels Tp. i. ii. 1"J6.
beam (1 cf. 'the staff of [Goliath's] spear was like
a weaver's beam ', 1 Samuel xvii. 7)
1 wooden roller in a loom, on which the warp is
wound Wiv. v. i. 24 ; lance Troil. v. v. 9.
2 with ref. to Matthew vii. 3 : LLL. iv. iii. 162 the
kiiiij ycur mote did see ; But la beam do find.
bear sb. : the constellation Ursa major 0th. ii. i. 14.
bsar vb. (besides the mod. senses we find the foil.)
1 to have as a member or part of itself Wint. i. ii.
309, 3H6 v. i. 69 the deurist blood your bodies bear,
Rom. I. iii. 29 / do bear u brain.
2 to contain (a meaning or the like) AYL. in. ii.
176 more feel than the rerses would hear, 1H4 iv. i.
20 His letters hear his mind. Ant. i. ii. 130, Compl.
19 often readinij witat content it bears.
3 to cany as a consequence Tim. i. i. 132.
4 to sustain (a part), keep going (the burden of
a song) Tp. i. ii. 380, Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 2991 caw
hetcr my part, Lucr. 11.32, &c.
5 to carry on, conduct, execute Ado ii. Iii. 240 [229],
John III. iv. 149 This art so eiilly home, H5 I. ii.
212, Mac. III. vi. 3 Tliini/slmic ban stianrjely borne.
G refl. (freq.) and intr. to behave Meas. i. iii. 47
(Ff beare ; mod. edd. bear mi), H8 ii. i. 30 ; also
occas. passive Troil. ii. iii. 252 surly borne ( = of
surly behaviour).
Dear "back, to move or go back Cies. in. ii. 173
Stand hark .' room.' hear bark !, Lucr. 1417; bear
down, to ovei-whelm, overthrow Mer.V. iv. i.
214 Thai malice bears down truth, 2114 i. i. 11, Tit.
II. i. .30, Cyni. ii. i. 61 ; bear hard (1) to bear
ill will to'Cws, I, ii, 318 Cwsardotlt hear me hard,
II. i. 215 ; (2) to take heavily or sadly 1114 i. iii.
270 irho hears hard His hrulhi/s dialh] R:l n. i. 57
(hardly) : bear it, to cany tlie day 2H4 iv. i. 135
He ni'er hud burnt it mil of Coitntn/, Troil. n. iii.
231, 0th. I. iii. 23 : bear" off, to kiep oft Tp. ii.
ii. 18 niilliir husli nor shrub to hear (jff any iriat tier:
bear out, (1) to support, back up Jolin iv. i. 6 I
lioye your aarrunt will bear oul the di id, 2114 v. i.
63; (2) with //, to have tlie upper hand, carry the
day Tw.N. i. v. 22, 0th. li. i. 19, Sonn. cxvi. 12
Loce . . . bears it out even to the edije of doom ; bear
up, to put the helm up so as to bring the vessel
into the direction of the wind, fig. Tp. in. ii. 3.
bearer : possessor, owner, holder 2H4 iv. v. 28 0
majesty! Wlien tliou dost pincli thy bearer, H8 n.
iii. 15, Troil. in. iii. 104.
bear-herd (Ff, &c. b(ar(e)-heard, hearard, berard,
berrord, mod. edd. bear-ward) : one who keeps
and exhibits a bear Ado ii. i. 43, Shr. Ind. ii. 21,
2H4 I. ii. 194, 2H6 v. i. 149, 210.
bearing : cirriage, deportment, behaviour, de-
m anour Ado u. i. 168, H5 iv. vii. 186 his blunt
hi II vi mi. Cor. 11. iii. 257. [in. iii. 119.
bearing-cloth: child's christening-robe Wint.
beastly adv.: in a beastly manner, like a bea.st
Shr. IV. ii. 34, Ant. i. v. 50, Cyin. v. iii. 27.
beat (1 intr. use peculiar to S.: cf bate vb.')
1 to flap the wings with force Shr. iv. i. 199.
2 to think or ponder laboriously Tp. v. i. 246, Ham.
III. i. 183 Vilureon his brains still beatiii// : said of
the thouglits Tp. i. 11. 176 still 'tis beating in my
mind, Lr. in. iv. 14.
beated* : usually taken to be a term of the south-
west country and the Welsh border for slicing
.sod from the eroun 1 for burnina Sonn. Ixii. ID
Il,ii/id and rhiqip'it irith tann'd antiquity.
beautied : lieaufified Ham. in. i. 51.
beaver : face-guard of a helmet 2H4 iv. i. 120, 115
IV. ii. 44 tliroayh n rusty beaver peeps. Ham. I. ii.
229 ; sometimes, the whole helmei R3 v. iii. 50
is my beaver easier than it was?
become: (pa. t. became, pa. pple. become and beronud)
1 to agree with, befit Mer.V. v. i. 57.
2 inipers. to be fitting 1H6 v. iii. 169 as it hicfjm.s.
Tit. I. i. .347 as becoiiirs.
3 to adorn, grace Tp. in. ii. 115, Shr. n. i. 25"*,
Cym. V. V. \01 Hewouldhacewellhecom'dthis plan .
becoiued (S.) : becoming, befitting Rom. iv. ii. 27.
becoming' : grace (S.) Ant. i. iii. 96, Sonn. cl. 5.
bed (1 still to be seen at Rye House, Herts.)
1 bed of Ware, enomious bed 11 ft. square Tw.N. in.
ii. 53.
2 grave Tp. ii. i. 292 [284], Cym. iv. iv. .52.
3 b. ofdoirn, delightful resting-place 0th. i. iii. 232.
4 irint iinto my beds, (?) arrived at the 'bed-time'
or close of life Tw.N. v. i. 413*.
bed, bedded : old fonns of bead, beaded.
Bede : see head.
bedded : laid in a smooth layer Ham. in. iv. 120.
Bedlam (earlier 'Bedlein', 'Bethlem', 'Bethle-
hem ')
1 the Hospital of St. Mary of Eethlehcm in London
used as an asylum for the mentally derauLied
2H6 V. I. 131 To Bedlam with him ; Tom o' ISidlam,
madman Lr. i. ii. 152.
2 lunatic, madman John ii. i. 183 Biillam, havednne,
Lr. in. vii. 103.
3 as adj. mad H5 v. i. 20 .\rt thou bedlam ?, 2H6 in.
i. 51, V. i. 132 a bedlam and amhitiuus liumonr.
bed-presser, lazy fellow 1H4 n. iv. 272 ; bed-
swerver, one "unfaithful to marriage Wint. n.
i. 92 : bed-vow, marriage vow Sonn. (dii. 3 ;
bed-work, easv work such a* could be done in
bed Troil. i. iii. "205.
BEEP-WITTED
BENCH
'beef-witted: tliick-litadeil Tioil. ii. i. 14.
beer: sniull bar, trirting matters Otli. ii. i. ICO
chronicle siiian heir.
beetle sb. : tliree-mnn beetle, mallet rcquii-ing throe
men to lift it, used in raminini;' jiaving' stones
2H4 I. ii. 259 ; beetle-headed, tliick-lieaded,
stupid Shr. IV. i. XySOheetU-Iuitilul^flnp-ear'dknnvc!
beetle vb.: to project like beetle brows, overhang
threateningly Hani. I. iv. 71 the dreadful summit
of the cliff Tlidt beetles o'er his base into the sea.
beetle brows: prominent eyebrows Rom. i. iv. 32.
befall: to become o/ Err. i. i. 123 to dilate What
hnlli befall'n of them.
before pi-ep. (follows its sb. LLL. iv. i. 93)
before vie!, on my soul ! Tw.N. ii. iii. 197, Oth.
IV. i. l-i7. (^ Modelled on before {mij) God .')
before adv. :
1 in front Shr. in. ii. 58 ncnr-lerje/'d before, Mac. v.
vii. 75 [viii. 46] Had he his hurts before ?
2 O'od before, witli God as our leader H5 i. ii. 307.
3 the better font before, put your best foot foremost
John IV. ii. 170,' Tit. ii. iii. 192.
4 used adj. earlier, previous H5 rv. i. 182 hefore-
brench of the hiiiifs laws.
before co'nj.: rather than Meas. ii. iv. 183, Mer.V.
III. ii. 3(12, R3 HI. ii. 44.
beforeband: been beforehand vith, anticipated,
forestalled John v. vii. 111.
beg": to petition the Court of Wards, established
by Henry VIII and suppressed under Charles II,
for the custody of (a minoi-, an heiress, or an
idiot), as feudal superior or as having interest in
the matter LLL. v. ii. 491 (' You cannot prove us
idiots ').
beget (1 this is a late example of the sense)
1 to obtain Ham. ui. ii. 8 You must acejitire and bujet
a temperance.
2 to produce LLL. ii. i. G9 Hi,\ eye Ifr/cts occasion fur
his Hit.
beggar sb. : one who begs a favour, suppliant
AliVW. I. iii. 22.
beggar vb. (3 freq. echoed by later writers)
1 to reduce to beggary Mer.V. ii. vi. 19, R3 I. iv.
145 [Conscience} ber/e/ars any man that l!ceps it.
2 to make valueless Troil. ii. ii. 91.
3 to exhaust the resources of Ant. ii. ii. 200 It
beejijar'd all description.
4 bei/i/ared of, destitute of Ham. iv. v. 92 necessity,
ofiiialhrbiyr/ar'd, Sonn. Ixvii. 10.
beggary : contemptible meanness Cym. i. vi. 115.
beguile (3 first in S.; 4 peculiar to S.j ^210.
1 to deprive or rob o/" LLL. i. i. 77, Oth. i. iii. 15(i,
2 to cheat, disappoint (hopes) Gent. v. iv. 154.
3 to divert attention in some pleasant way from
(anythingdisagreeable), while away (time) Tw.N.
III. iii. 41 Vi'hiles you beyuile the time, Tit. IV. i. 35
And so hcffuile thy sorroiu.
4 to disguise Lucr. 1544 Tarquin . , , so beguiVd
With oiifirard honesty.
behalf: in {the) behalf of, on behalf of, in the interest
of, in favour of, for the benefit or advantage of
AYL. Epil. 9 in the behalf of ayood plaii, All'sW.
IV. iii. 359, rv. v. 77, John i. i. 7, 3HB iv. i. 03 (Fi\
R3 rv. iv. 358 Be eloquent in my b. to her, Oth. iii.
iv. 19 (Fi on), Cym. in. ii. 74 ; — in behalf of, on the
part of, in the name of 1H4 i. iii. 48, R3 in. iv. 19
m tlie (hike's b. I'll e/ire my voice, Tim. in. i. 18 ; —
on behalf of, concerning, with regard to Ado rv. i.
212, Tw.N. in. i. US your yinlle thouijhts On his
b.; — in that behalf, in respect of tliat LLL. ii. i.
27, John II. i. 20}.
behave (1 this constr. with pa. pple. not pre-R.)
1 as he is behar'd, according to liis behaviour Ham.
III. i. 35-
2 to control Tim. in. v. 22 He did bihari his anr/er. , ■
behaviour (1 in use l.WO-KiSO ; 2 only K.)
1 pl. = sing. C»s. I. ii. 42.
2 in my behaeiour, as represented in my jierson and
outward acts John I. i. 3. " (l.M.
behind-hand adj.: backward, tardy "Wint. v. i.
beholding vbl. sli. :
1 siglit Cor. I. iii. 10, Lr. in. vii. 9 not fit for your b.
2 looks, aspect Per. v. i. 224 wild in my'behohlinn.
beholding ppl. a.: indebted, beholden (freq.) Wiv.
I. i. 28.5.
behoof, behove: benefit, advantage 2Hfi iv. vii.
83 For your behoof. Ham. v. i. 09 /or, nh ! my be-
hove (rhymes with love), Compl. 165 m our behoof.
behoveful : necessary Rom. iv. iii. 8 (Qq behoofc-).
behowlt: to bay (the moon) MND. v. ii. 2 [i. 379]
(F, &c. beholds).
being (2 is an application peculiar to S.)
1 life, existence Shr. i. i. 11 Pisa . . . Gave me mi\
being, Mac. iii. i. 55, Ham. n. i. 96 end his bcini/,
Oth. I. ii. 21 my life and b., Cyin. i. i. 38 he quit b.
2 stay, abode, dwelling Ant. ii. ii. 39 3fy beini/ in
Eitypt, Cym. i. v. 54 to shift his beine;. [u. i. 20!!.
being (that) conj.: seeing that Ado iv. i. 251, 2114
beldame (1 cf. ' belsire ' = grandfather)
1 grandmother 1H4 in. i. 32 the old bildawr earth,
Lucr. '.•.">3, H.'SS.
2 loathsome old woman, hag John iv. ii. 185 Old
men and hddames, Mac. ni. v. 2.
be-leed(S.): in such a position that the wind is
intercepted ; fig. Oth. i. i. 30 be-leed and calm' d Hy
debitor and creditor.
belie (often in sense 1 ; twice in s.'>nse 2)
1 to tell lies about, calumniate Oth. iv. i. 30.
2 to fill with lies Cym. in. iv. 38, Lucr. 153.3.
bell (the ordinary .sense occurs in various con-
nexions)
1 with allusion to the little bells attached to hawks
3H6 1. i. 47 ;/ Warwick shake his hells.
2 bell, bonk, and candle, used with reference to a
form of excommunication which closed with tlie
words ' Do to the book, quench the candle, ring
the bell 1 ' John in. iii. 12.
bellman: crier wlio announced deaths and called
on the taithfiil to pray for the departed, and
acted as night-watchman, calling the hours Mac.
II. ii. 4 //(( oul . . . the fatal bellman. Which gives
the si I rii'st ijond-night.
bell-wether": leading sheep of a flock on whose
neck a bell is hung AYL. in. ii. 86 ; fig. clamorous
person Wiv. in. v. 114.
belly-doublet: see great-bei.ly, thin-belly.
belonging (recorded first from S.)
1 (?) caparison (of a horse) Cor. I. ix. 62.
2 pi. circumstances ; endowments Meas. i. i. 29''
Thysdf and thy b-s Are not thine own so proper . . .
beloving : loving Ant. i. ii. 24 moi-e b. than helov'd.
below (not common as prep, or adv. before the
Eliz. period) [ii. 10.
1 downstairs Wiv. ii. ii. 153 ; = heloir stairs Ado v.
2 in Hades or hell Tp. iv. i. 31 Night kept chain'd b.
belt: Mac. v. ii. 16 cannot buckle his di.itempei-'d
caii'Se Witliin the belt of rule { = cannot f,ox\XYo\ his
disorganized party) ; cf. Troil. li. ii. 30.
bemadding : maddening Lr. in. i. 38 b. sorrow.
be-niete: to measure Shr. iv. iii. 113 I shall so
bi-iiiili thee villi thy yard . . .
benioil: to liefoul with mire Shr. iv. i. 77.
be-monster: to make monstrous, deform Lr. iv.
ii. 03 lU-inonsler not thy feature.
bench sb.: senators collectively Cor. in. i. 105, 100.
bench vb. (the foil, senses are rare outside S.)
1 to raise to authority Wint. l. ii. 314 whnin I from
meaner form Nave bench'd and rear'd to worship.
BENCHER-
■2 to sit as a judge Lr. in. vi. 41 Bench hij Ins xide.
bencher : senator Cor. ii. i. 93.
bench-hole : privy Ant. iv. vii. 9.
bend sb.: look, glance Ctes. i. ii. 123, Ant. ii. ii.
•JlCr (' tlieir adoring looks or obtisances added
grace and beauty to her').
bend vb. (3 properly, to bring a gun to bear)
1 h. up, to strain, neixe H5 iii. i. 16, Mac. i. vii. 79.
2 laid file bron>i, &c., to frown, scowl John iv. ii.
90, B2 II. i. 171 Or b. one wrinkle on my soicreiyn's
face, Sonn. Music iv. 13 [Pilgr. 311].
3 to level, aim, turn, direct John ii. i. 379 bend
Your ttliiirpfst deeds of malice, R-3 i. ii. 95, iv. v. 17
do fheij hind their power, Lr. n. i. 43 'Gainst parri-
cides did all their thunelers bend.
4 intr. and refl. to direct one's course, turn, pro-
ceed All'sW. III. ii. 57 Thither n-e bend ai/ain,
Wint. V. i. lt)5, 1H4 v. v. 3(5 ; fig. to tend, incline
Tp. IV. 1. in always bending Towards their project,
Ham. I. ii. 55, lib bend you to remain Here, Sonn.
cxvi. 4. See also bent pa. pple.
bending' : submissive, courteous K3 iv. iv. 95,
Truil. I. iii. 236 ; H5 v. ii. 404* [Chor. 2] (a)
bending under the weight of the task, (b) stoop-
ing to the hearers' clemency.
beneath used as adj. : this beneath norld, this world
below Tim. I. i. 45. Cf. this widirylobehr.u. ii.l70.
benediction : blessing Lr. ii. ii. 168 (the usual
form of the proverb is ' out of God's blessing into
tliC warm sun ').
beneficial (thrice in S. ; 1 ' beneficent ' is post-S.)
1 beneficent Err. i. i. 151, H8 i. i. 56 the reiyif o' the
hinificial sun.
2 ailvantageous 0th. ii. ii. 7 these beneficial news.
benefit (1 ' benefaction ' is post-S.; 2 is only S.)
1 liestowal of property or rights, benefaction 1H6
V. iv. 152, R3 III. vii.195 Thisprnferr'd b. ofdiynity.
- natural advantage or gift AYL. iv. i. 37 disable all
III! Ik ne-fits of your own country, H8 I. ii. 115.
benetted : ensnared Ham. v. ii. 29 benetted round
iiilh lillains.
bsnevolence : forced loan or aid levied by kings
of England, first raised by Edward IV in 1473 as
a token of his people's ' goodwill ' K2 ll. i. 251.
"I Its use here is an anachronism.
benign : stressed on the first syll. Per. n. Gower 3.
benison: blessing Mac. ii. iv. 40 Hod's b. yo with you.
bent slj. (not earlier than 16th c. in any sense)
1 '(/ hint for (so Ff; Qq and mod. edd. is bent),
turned in the direction of Ham. IV^ iii. 48.
2 inclination of the mind Ado ly. i. 188 the very bent
of honour, C'<es. il. i. 210 yire his humour the true
bent ; of the eyes, &c., H5 v. ii. 16, Ant. I. iii. 36,
Cyni. I. i. 13 the bent Of the kiny's looks.
3 e.xtent to which a bow may bo bent, degree of
tension ; (hence) degree of endurance, capacity
Ado II. iii. 243 [232], Tw.N. ii. iv. 37, Ham. iii.
ii. 4U9 [401] to the top of my bent.
bent pa. pple.: inclined (to), intent (upon) MND.
III. ii. 145, 2H6 ii. i. 165, Mac. in. iv. 134/«;» bent
to k)toii' . . . the worst, Per. li. Gower 2'.i* full bent
iiitli sill (-intent upon sin), Ven. 618 bent to kill.
berattle : to fill with din Ham. ii. ii. 365 [357].
bereave (the commonest use is ' to deprive ' a per-
son o/a thing, chiefly in pa. pple. bereft)
1 to take away (a thing) from a person 2H6 ni. i.
85, Oth. I. iii. 259, Luer. 835 ; always passive.
2 to rob of its strength or beauty, (hence) to impair,
spoil Err. n. i. 40 to see like riyhi bereft, Lr. iv. iv.
9 his bi reave d sense, Ven. 797.
Bergomask (/'Mi. , (S.): dance af.er the manner of
(he jiei'iilc ni Ik'igamo (a province in the state of
\'c'uic(- 1, who were n<,ted for the rusticity of tlieir
manners and speech MND. v. i. 361, 370.
16 —BETRAY
be-rime : to celebrate in rime Rom. ii. iv. 44 ; in
AYL. in. ii. 187 the reference is to the alleged
practice of ' riming rats to death ' in Ireland, i. e.
destroying them by incantation.
berlady : old form of by'k lady.
Bermoothes: Bermudas Tp. i. ii. 229 the sfiU-
iix'd Hi niioothes.
bescreen'd : concealed Rom, ii. ii. 52 bcscreen'd in
niyht (Qi beskrind).
beseech: entreaty Troil. i. ii. 317 (' 'While men
have still their object to gain, their attitude is
one of entreaty ").
beseek : old northern and north-midland fonn of
' beseech ' 2H4 il. iv. 174. [410.
beseeming' : appearance, ' guise ' (S.) Cym. v. v.
beside : adv. by, past Ven. 981 sometimes falls an
orient drop beside. — prep, out of (patience, one's
senses) Ado v. i. 131 6. their wit, 1H4 ill. i. 178 b.
Ills patience, Cjes. in. i. 180 6. themselves icith fear.
besides: out of (= beside prep.) Err. iii. ii. 78, Cyni.
II. iv. 149 Quite besides The yovernment of patience,
Sonn. xxiii. 2 put besides his part.
beslubber : to daub, smear 1H4 ii. iv. 344 beshibber
our yarments.
besort sb. (S.) : suitable company Oth. i. iii. 239.
besort vb. (S.) : to befit Lr. i. iv. 274 such min as
may besort our ae/e.
bespeak: to speak to, address Tw.X. v. i. 193 /
bespake you fair, R2 v. ii. 20, Hani. ii. ii. 140 my
youny mistress thus I did b.; with admixture of
meaning ' to engage ' Eit. v. i. 233.
bespice : to season with spice AVint. i. ii. 316.
best : to have the best, to have the advantage 3H6 v.
iii. 20 hariny now the b. eit Barnet field ; — at the
best, (1) in the best possible way 3H6 in. i. 8,
Oth. I. iii. 173 Take up this meinyled matter at the
best ; (2) in the best or most advantageous con-
dition Rom. I. V. 123 the sport is at the b., Tim. i.
ii. 159, in. vi. 30 ; — in the best, at best Ham. i. v.
27 most foul, as in the best it is, Pilgr. vii. 18 [102].
best-conditioned: best-spirited Mer.V. in. ii.294.
beste'd (old edd. bestead) : in a (woi-se) plight 2H6
H. iii. .56.
bestill'd (Qq and mod. edd. distili'd) : (?)made
niiitionkss, stiffened, congealed Ham. i. ii. 204.
best-moving: most persuasive LLL. ii. i. 29 our
best-iiiiiiinii fair solicitor.
bestow (3 niit pre-S. ; 4 with 'of 'and 'to'onlyS.)
1 to give in marriage AYL. v. iv. 7 i'ou will bestow
her on Orlando here?
2 to lay out (money) 2H4 v. v. 18 ; to spend (time)
Caes. V. v. 61 bestow thy time ivith me ?
3 refl. to behave oneself Gent. in. i. 87, AY^L. iv.
iii. 88, John ni. i. 225, 2H4 n. ii. 186.
4 to confer as a gift (with of) Tw.N. in. iv. 2 what
hi stoic at' him?. Cor. ii. iii. 215 (with dative or
to) Tit. iv. ii. 165, Lr. n. i. 128.
bestraught: distracted Shr. Ind. ii. 26.
bestride : to stand over (a fallen man) in order to
defend him, (hence) to protect Err. v. i. 192,
2H4 I. i. 207, Mac. rv. iii. 4 Let lis . . . Bestride our
doirn-fall'n birthdom. [115.
best-teinpered : of the truest 'metal' 2H4 i. i.
beteem : to grant (perhaps with se< ondary ref. to
' teem ' = hour) MND. i. i. 131 ; to allow Ham. i.
ii. 141. U Still in use in Gloucestershire.
bethink (also used refl. = ' reflect ' ; 1 and 2 be-
came obs. in the 17th c.)
1 to tliink of, considir, devise 3H0 ni. iii. 39 bethink
a means to hnak it off. Ham. I. iii. 90 well bethouyht.
2 I am bethouyht, I intend Lr. li. iii. 6.
betide: to liappen, liel'all R3 I. iii. 6 what would be-
tide on me ! I =lia|)pcn to me, become of me).
betray (1 is derivative of the sense ' deliver up
BETTER— 17
trcaclicrously ', which is freq. ; 2 is common with
various objects)
1 to give over or expose to puiiishnieut, or some
evil AViv. in. iii. 1'07 to hitrai/ him to tuwtlur
pnnisluiunt, Err. v. i. 'JO, AYL. iv. i. 7, H8 ill. i.
55 to betray you . . . to .sorrow.
2 to lead astray, mislead, deceive, entrap Wiv. v.
iii. 22 ^V^'ll Utrai) hint find y, 2H0 ii. iv. 64 Um'd
hushex to h. thy inmjs, Mac. i. iii. 125, 0th. v. ii. 0
she'll b. more nan ; absol. Tim. r\'. iii. 147.
3 to cheat, disappoint Tit. v. ii. 147 a complot to
bifriiy thy/uis.
Ijetter : / inn better, it would be better for me
AYL. III. iii. 97, 0th. in. iii. 3G;J ;— adv. rather
All'sW. III. vi. 95, H8 iii. ii. 254 liHrrey durst
better Biiie burnt that tomjue titan said so.
between: intervarof time Wint. m. iii. (51 in thcb.
bevel: oblique, slant Sonn. cxxi. 11 / may be
strniyht thoiiyh they thiiiiseltes be betel.
Bevis of Hampton (i.e. Earl of Southampton), the
hero of a mediaeval romance, of whom incredible
stories were told H8 i. i. 38.
bevy : company, properly, of ladies H8 i. iv. 4,
Ham. V. ii. 197 (I'l Beany, Qq breeel).
beware : take care of IHti i. iii. 47 b. your beard.
beweep U'seJ now chiefly in imitation of S.)
1 to deplore Sonn. xxix. 2 beiveep nty outcast state.
2 to Wet with tears Hani. iv. v. 39.
bewray: to reveal :{Hij i. i. 211, Cor. v. iii. 95«oiiW
beiirny irhat life We have led. Tit. ii. iv. 3.
beyond: beyoitel beyond, (?) surpassing everything
Cym. HI. ii. 57 (but Ff rightly 6(yo)((/, btyoiid).
Bezbnian (common Eliz., fi'om It. 'bisogno ' need):
needy beggar, rascal 2H4 v. iii. 115, 2Ht3 iv. i. 134.
bias sb. (all the uses are derived from bowls)
1 one-iided form of the bowl whicli gives an oblique
motion to it ; in fig. phrase against the bias Shr.
IV. V. 25, R2 in. iv. 5 ; assays of bias, indirect
attempts Ham. ii. i. 05.
2 fig. swaying influence John n. i. 574, &c.
3 preponderating tendency, bent Tw.X. v. i. 270
nature to her bias elreic ; LLL. iv. ii. 114, Pilgr. v.
5 101] (' the student leaves his special studv ').
bias adj. : protruding on one side like a bowl I'roil.
IV. V. 8 thy sphered bias cheek.
bias adv. : awry Troll, i. iii. 15 dratv Bias, iv. v. 108
bias-flrniiini/'i= turning away fi-om tlie truth).
biddy : fowl, chicken, Tw.X. in. iv. 130.
bide : to dwell or insist upon Wint. i. ii. 242.
biding" : abode, dwelling Lr. TV. vi. 229, Lucr. 550.
bifold : double, twofold Troil. v. ii. 141 (Q by-foulel,
Yihyfoul{e).
big (1 orig. sense ; the S. exx. are late instances)
1 strong, stout, mighty H5 r\-. ii. 43 Biej Mars ;
fig. Otii. in. iii. 350 bitj tears. [viii. 40.
2 great with young C'ym. i. i. 39 ; fig. Mer.V. n.
3 haughty, pompous All'sW. i. iii. 101 fi biij heart,
H8 I. i."ll9 Shall lessen this bie/ book.
bigamy : marriage with a widow (formerly an
ecclesiastical offence) R3 in. vii. 188.
bilberry: conuuon midland name of the wliortlc-
bcrry, Vaccinium Myrtillus, Wiv. v. v. 61.
bilbo : properly, sword of Bilbao, noted for the
temper and elasticity of its blade Wiv. in. v. 115
likt ei (jood bilbo . . . hilt to point.
bilboes : shackles sliding on an iron bar which
is locked to the floor, used for mutinous sailors
Ham. v. ii. 6 the inutmcsin the bilboes.
bile ihyle) : spellings in the old edd. of boil sb.
billsb.': obsolete military weapon consisting of
a long wooden handle liaving at one end a blade
or axe-shaped head R2 iii. ii. 118 ; in the 10th
and 17th centuries painted or varnished in diffe-
rent coloui-s, hence broiva bill 2H0 iv. x. 14, Lr.
— BX.ADDEK
IV. vi. 93 ; a similar weapon used by constables
(with play on BiLLsb.=) Ado in. iii. 189 being taken,
up of these men's bills, 2He iv. vii. 134.
bill sb.- (3 late exx. of this sense ; 5 is very rare)
1 note, memorandum Sihr. iv. iii. 145 Error i' the
bill, ties. V. ii. 1.
2 draft of an act Wiv. ii. i. 29, H5 i. i. 1.
3 list, catalogue, inventory MND. i. ii. 109 ei bill
of properties, Mac. in. i. 100.
4 note or account of charges Tim. iii. iv. 50.
5 label AYL. i. ii. 132 With bills on the uecks.
0 advertisement, placard Ado i. i. 39 Be set up his
bills, Cses. IV. iii. 112 bills of otitlatrry.
7 = bill of exchange Wiv. i. i. 10, Shr. iv. ii. 80 6///.s-
for money by i.rih<nt(/i. [iii. OU.
billet sb. : thick stick used as a weapon Meas. iv.
billet vb. (twice only in S.)
1 to enroll Cor. tv. iii. 48 distinctly billeted.
2 to assign quarters to 0th. ii. iii. 389 yo tthere
thou ati billeted.
bird (1 oiig. sense, from which the mod. sense was
developed ; cf. Scotch proverb ' Eveiy craw
thinks its ain bird the whitest' : 2 not pre-S. ;
4 partly the old word 'burd'= maiden, partly fig.
use of 1 or the ordinary sense)
1 young of the feathered tribes 1H4 v. i. GO the
cuckoo's bird, 3H6 ii. i. 91, Tit. u. iii. 154.
2 game-bird ; fig. prey, object of attack Shr. v. ii.
46 Am I your bird? (cf. Kom. n. ii. 182i.
3 term of familiar endeanuent Tp. iv. i. 184, Ham.
I. v. 110 come, bird, come.
4 (?) maiden, girl Cym. iv. ii. 197.
bird-bolt : blunt-headed arrow for shooting birds
Ado I. i. 42 (Q Ff bttrboU), Tw.N. i. v. 99.
birding : hawking with a sparrow-hawk at small
birds, which were driven into a bush ami shot
Wiv. in. iii. 245 ; so birding-piece iv. ii. 00.
birlady : old form of by'r lady.
birth ^tlle sense of 'act of bringing forth, being
born ' is frequent)
1 that which is born 2H4 r\\ iv. 122 loathly births.
2 parentage, descent ; esp. high descent, good
family, noble lineage Ado li. i. 174 no equal fo>
his birth, John ii. i. 430 a match of birth.
3 nature Rom. ii. iii. 20 RetoUs front true birth.
4 nativitv, horoscope 2H0 iv. i. 'S-i calculate my b.
birtb-child : child born in a particular place'Per.
IV. iv. 41 (.Marina was born in Thetis element,
the sea). [130).
bisson (1 also in mod. edd. b. miiltitiHle + Cor. in. i.
1 purblind Cor. n. i. 72 (Fibees<ini(().
2 (?) blinding Ham. ii. ii. 537 [529] bisson rheum.
bite vb. ; bite the (or one's) lip for the purpose of re-
straining anger or agitation Slir. n. i. 243, H8in.
ii. 114, Troil. iir. iii. 250; bite the thumb at, to
defy ' by putting the thumbe nailc into the
mouth, and with a ierko from the upper teeth
make it to knack ' (Cotgr.) Rom. I. i. 60 ; bite one's
tont/ue, to be silent or speechless 2H0 i. i. 231,
3H'6 I. iv. 47, Tit. in. i. 132 ; bite by the ear as a
sign of fondness Rom. ii. iv. 84 ; bite by the nose,
to treat witli contempt Meas. irr. i. 107.
bitiimed: pitched as with bitumen Per. m. i. 72
l(,)q billumtil), in. ii. 50 iQq buttonied).
blackberry : used as a type of what is of little
worth 1114 n. iv. 209 as plenty as blackberries,
Troil. V. iv. 13 is not proved tcorlh a b. % Cf. ' He
settetlie nut therby a blalvberic ' iHoccleve).
Black Monday : Easter Monday Mer.V. ii. v. 25.
^The current explanations of this name rest on
doubtful evidence.
blackness: w-ickedness Per i. ii. 89.
bladder: boil, pustule Troil. v. i. 24 bluilelersfutl
of imposthuiiu.
BIiADED
bladed : in t}ie blade MND. i. i. 211 the bladedgmss,
Mac. IV. i. 55* (' not yet in the ear').
blank sb. (etyniol. meaning is ' something white ')
1 white spot in the centre of a target ; fig. any-
thing aimed at, range of such aim Wint. li. iii. 5
out of the blank And leid nf my brain, Troil. ui. iii.
232, Ham. iv. i. -12 As Itcd as the cannuii to his
blank. . ., Lr. I. i. 101, 0th. lu. iv. 121 stood within
the blank of his displeasure.
2 lottery ticket which does not gain a prize Cor. v.
ii. 10 lots to blanks ( = all the world to nothing).
3 blank paper Soun. Ixxvii. 10 ; gs\>. = blank charter
(R2 I. iv. -18), document given to the agents of the
crown in Ricliard Us reign to till up as they
pleased R2 il. i. 251.
4 void T\v. X. II. iv. 112 what's her history 1 — A. blank.
blank vb. : to make pale, blanch Ham. lU. ii. 232.
blast (3 metaphor from the testing of cannon)
1 to ' split ' (the ears) witli a din Aut. jv. viii. 36.
2 to witlier or fall under a blight Gent. I. i. 48
hlastiiiij in the bud, Lucr. 49.
3 to burst Ham. iv. vii. 154 // this should blast in
liroof
blastment : blight Ham. i. iii. 42.
blazon sb. (1, 2 proper tei-ms of heraldry)
1 armorial bearings, coat of arms Wiv. V. v. 70
With loyal blazon ; tig. Tw.N. i. V. 314.
2 description of armorial bearings according to the
rules of heraldry, (hence simply) description Ado
II. i. 309 I think your blazon to be true.
3 ]iroclaiming, publishing Ham. i. v. [iv.] 21 this
fji rnal 6., Sonn. cvi. 5 inthe b. of sweet beauty s best.
blazon vb. (used partly with heraldic metaphor)
1 to describe fitly, set forth honourably in words,
publish the praises of Rom. ii. vi. 26, 0th. ii. i.
03 the quirks of blazoning pens, Compl. 217 \Vith
wit well blazon'd.
2 to proclaim, make public Tit. iv. iv. 18 blazoning
iiur injistire fiery where. Cym. iv. ii. 170.
bleak : pale All's W. i. i. 116 Look b. in the cold wind.
blear the eyes : to hoodwink, deceive Shr. v. i. 120.
bleeding' : running or suffused with blood, bloody
.Tulin n. i. 304 ^/(« b. ground, C'ses. iii. i. 168, Mac. v.
ii. 4 : tig. unstanched, unhealed Cor. ii. i. 87 dis-
miss the controversy b.; as adv. Tim. i. ii. 81 b.-new.
blench, sb. : swerving, inconstancy Soun. ex. 7.
blencll vb.: to start aside, 'shy' at, flinch /roHi
Mcas. IV. V. 5 blench frooi this to that, Troil. I. i.
:io //. lit sufirance. Ham. ii. ii. 634 [626]// Ac but b.
blend: Weii<lod Compl. 215.
blent: blcn<kd Mer.V. ui. ii. 182, Tw.X. i. v. 259.
bless (3 in Ado i. iii. 70, with a pun on the sense
' cross oneself, sign oneself with the cross ')
1 to guard, keep /rom R3 lir. iii. 4.
2 to make happy with some gift Tp. n. i. 1.31, H8 n.
iv.Mblest with matiy children, Err. fl. i. 79 (ironi-
cally)
3 rcfl. to esteem oneself supremely happy Wint.
HI. iii. 116, 2H4ii. iv. 102 yon would bless you to
liiitr II hat he said.
blest: endowed with healing virtues (cf. plant-
names like 'blessed thistle") Per. iir. ii. 35 the
hli st infusions Tliat dwell in vegetives . . .
blind (2 cf. L. ' caeca nox ' Virgil, ' caecum an-
trum ' Lucan)
1 lieedless, regardle.ss, reckless, indiscriminate
Tw.X. V. i. 239 the b. wares, H5 m. iii. 34 TItc b.
and bloijilfi solilii.r. R.3 i. iv. 202 to thy oirn soul so b.
2 enveloped in darkness, dark, obscure R3 in. vii.
1l8 bliiiil firijitfulness {Ff darki), v. iii. 02 b. rare
itl'ftiriiiil iiii/ht, Lucr. 675 blind roncialing night.
blindfold I twice in S.; 1 is an exceptional use)
1 tiKit (Icsiioys the sight R2 i. iii. 224 b. death.
2 rtckkss Veu. 654 blindfold fury.
18 -BLOW
blindness : concealment Err. iii. ii. 8 Mitffle your
false lore with some sliow of blindness.
blister'd: puffed H8 i. iii. 31 l^hort b. breeches.
bloatt : soft-bodied, puffed, bloated Ham. in. iv. 182
(Ff 6/(1/(0. Ti The proper form is blowt (Qq), i(jv
which Warburton substituted bloat. ' Blowty '
in the same sense is used in Lincolnshire.
block : wooden mould for a hat, (hence) shape or
fashion (of hat) Ado L i. 78, Lr. iv. vi. 188.
blood ifles-h and b., let (a person) b. are fref|. ; man of
blood'yiac. III. iv. 126, 4 a hunting expression)
1 vital fluid, (hence) life Rom. in. i. 189 the price of
Ills dear blood.
2 supposed source of emotion, (hence) passion Ado
II. 1. ISd, faith melteih into blood; temper, niood. dis-
position Ado I. iii. 30 it better fits nty blood, 2H4 iv.
iv. 38, Tim. rv. ii. 38, Ham. ui. ii. 74 Whose blood
andjudgnient are so well comimded ; (emphatically)
high temper, mettle, anger Mer.V. i. ii. 20, Lr.
rv. ii. 64.
3 fleshly nature of man Tp. rv. i. 53 the fire i' the
blood, Compl. 162.
4 /)( blood, in full vigour, full of life LLL. iv. ii. 4,
1H6 IV. ii. 48, Cor. i. i. 165 ('art in the worst
condition for running '), rv. v. 226.
5 blood-relationship, (hence) parentage, descent,
stock, kindred Meas. iii. i. 141, MND. i. i. 135.
AYL. I. i. 48, John iv. ii. 99 That hlnnd which ow'd
( = owned) the breadth of all this isle, IHO iv. v. 16,
Mac. II. iii. 147 the near in b., The nearer bloody.
6 good parentage or stock Gent. iii. i. 121 a gentle-
man of blood, Troil. iir. iii. 26.
7 man of Are. spirit, or mettle Alo iii. iii. 140,
LLL. V. ii. 713, Caes. i. ii. 150 tlie bn id of noble b-s.
blood-bolter'd : having tlie hair matted with
bloo 1 Mac. rv. i. 123 b. lianquo. ■f|In Shropsliire
tangled or unkempt hair is called ' bantered " : in
Warwickshire snow is said to ' baiter' on lioi-se.s'
feet ; in Cheshire things are said to be ' bantered '
with mud.
blood-drinking sighs 2H6 ni. ii. 63 : ref. to the
popular notion that every sigh causes the heart
to lose a drop of blood.
blood-sucker: bloodthirsty person 2H6 in. ii. 226.
bloody 2 tir^t rfcorded from S.)
1 consistini.Mif Mood AYL. in. v. 1 bloody drops; con-
taining blood John iv. ii. 2\0* the bloody house of
life (=the body).
2 blood-red H5 i. ii. 101 bloody flag, Cses. v. i. 14.
3 passionate 2H4 it. i. ."54 ■* Led on by bloody youth.
blossom (much commoner than 'bloom')
1 one lovely and full of promise Wint. in. iii. 43
Jilossoni, sptedthee well, lH6iv. vii. 16, (ironically)
Tit. IV. ii. 7.3.
2 in the blossoms, in the prime, at the height Wint.
V. ii. 140, Ham. I. v. 76 in the blossoms of my sin.
blot (2 is common Eliz.: 3 not pre-S.1
1 to tarnish, stain, sully Shr. v. ii. 140 It blots thy
beauty; absol. LLL. iv. iii. 241.
2 to calumniate, throw mud at John ii. i. 132.
3 to obscure Ven. 184 raponrs iihen they blot the sky.
blowsb.:(?) mixture of senses (a) stroke, (b) blasting
noise Shr. i. ii. 212. ^ S. is the earliest authority
iorfcdl to blows 2K6 n. iii. 82, at a b. 3H6 v. i. .50.
blow vb. ' (2 not pre-S. , but ' blowing ' = ' flies" eggs'
is earlier)
1 to inflate, swell, putf up Tw.X. n. v. 49, Ant. iv.
vi. 34 This bloirs my heart.
2 (of flies) to deposit their eggs (on) and so make
foul Tp. in. i. 63, LLL. v. ii. 410, Otii. iv. ii. 66
sutnintr flics . . . That quicken >rin with btowivo.
blow vb.^: to blossom, bUiom Gent. i. i. 40, MXP.
n. i. 249 (( bank whtrcon-f the mid thyme blown ; tig.
Troil. I. iii. 317.
SImOWN
blown ppl. a.i (1 a very rare use)
1 wLispered, hinted 0th. in. iii. 182 (Ff hluncd).
2 swollen, inflated (lit. and fig.) 1H4 iv. ii. 54 b.Juck,
Cor. V. iv. 51 /lie b. tide, Lr. iv. iv. 27 b. uiubitiun.
blown ppl. a." : blossomed Ant. iii. xi. [xiii.] 39.
blowse : ruddy-faced fat wench Tit. jv. ii. 73.
blowt : see bloat.
blue (first in S. as applied to mountains, flame,
and veins)
1 formerly the distinctive colour of the dress of
servants .Shr. iv. i. 93, 1H6 i. iii. 47 Blue vuats to
in any coats.
2 leaden-coloured, livid Wiv. iv. v. 117 heafen black
and blue, v. v. 51 as blue as bilbctrij.
3 applied to the bluish-black circle round the eyes
caused by weeping or watching AYL. lu. ii. 398,
Lucr. 1587.
blue-bottle : nickname for a beadle, in allusion to
his blue uniform 2H4 v. iv. 22 (Ff bluv-Bott(c)rd,
Q bleabottk).
blue-cap: a 'blue-bonnet' or Scotchman 1H4 ii.
iv. 397. ^A broad round flat cap of blue woollen
material was fonnerly common in Scotland.
blue-ey'd: see blue 3, Tp. i. ii. 269 tin's b. hay.
blvint (1 historically the earliest; 'dull-edged,'
of a tool, is later; this occurs in S., as well as
the meaning 'abrupt, unceremonious")
1 of dull perception, dull-witted Gent. n. vi. 41,
2H4 Ind. 18 the blu)tt monster with \incounted heads
( = ' the many-headed multitude ').
2 nide, unpolished, 3H6 iv. viii. 2 blunt Hollanders,
Lucr. 1300 ; (hence) rough, harsh, unfeeling 3H6
V. i. 86 so blunt, unnatural, Ra I. iii. 104. Ven.
884 the blunt boar, rourjh bear, or lion proud.
blurt: to pooh-pooh n^ Per. n'. iii. 34 ours was
blurted at.
board (1 and 2 are fig. uses of the hostile entering
of a ship ; the sense ' provide meals for ' occurs)
1 to make advances to, address, accost Wiv. ii. i.
91, Shr. I. ii. 96, All's W. v. iii. 213.
2 b(ar up and board 'em Tp. III. ii. 3 (.' make another
attack on the bottle ').
boar-pig: young boar 2H4ir. iv. '2h0 Bartholomttcb.
boast (used both intr. andrefl. in the usual sense)
1 to display proudly Lucr. 55 ^Yhin beauty boasted
blushts.
2 bejast off, to ci-y up, praise highly Tp. iv. i. 9.
bob sb.: 'rap', jibe, taunt AYL. h. vii. 55.
bob vb.' (of different origin fi-om bob vb.- and vb.')
1 to cheat out of Troil. iii. i. 76 You shall not bob
us out of our melody.
2 to filch 0th. V. i. \% jewels that I bohb'd/rom him.
bob vb.- : to bang, thump R3 v. iii. 335 bobh'd, and
thnmp'd, Troil. ll. i. 75.
bob vb.^ : to move with a jerk MXD. ii. i. 49 tiyainst
/((»• lips I boh.
bodement: omen, augury Troil. v. iii. 80, Mac. rv.
i. 96 Siieit bodements!
bodg'e : to give way 3H6 i. iv. 19.
bodkin (1 the orig. sense, Chaucer onwanis ; the
mod. use is post-S.)
1 dagger Ham. lil. i. 76 When he himself miyht his
quietus make With a hate hodkin.
2 small pointed instrument for piercing holes in
cloth, &c., Wint. III. iii. 87.
3 long pin or pin-shaped ornament for the hair
LLL. v. ii. 612 The head of a bodkin.
\)Ody forth : to give mental shaie to MXD. v. i. 14.
^ Imitated by modern writers.
boggier : waverer Ant. iii. xi. [xiii.] 110 i'ou hare
been a boyyler ever.
boil sb. (old edd. bile, byle) : Cor. i. iv. 31 BoHs and
plrif/ues piaster you n'cr .'
boiled: boiled brains (Ffn^ hyplicncd'. hot-headed
19 -BOND
fellows Wint. in. iii. 63 (cf. Tp. v. i. 60, and MND.
Y. i.i Lovers a ndinadme a huie such. veethiny brains);
in boil'd stuff Cym. i. vi. 125 there is an allusion
to the sweating-tub.
bold (the ordiuai-y senses are well represented in S.)
1 be or wake (so) bold, to venture so far as to, pre-
sume to Wiv. II. ii. 164, iv. v. 13 I'll be so bold us
stay, H8 iir. ii. 319, Ven. 124 ; be or make bold with
tor upon), to take liberties with, make free with
Wiv. 11. ii. 267, Ado iii. ii. 8, Kom. iii. i. 83, Caos.
n. i. 86 we are too bold upon your rest.
2 confident (o/), trusting (in) LLL. ii. i. 28 B. of your
■worthiness, AU'sW. V. i. 5, 0th. li. i. 51 my hopes
. . .Stand inb. cure, Cym. it. iv. 2 Iain b. Iier honour
Will n main, hirs ; SO make bold Cym. v. v. 89.
bold-beating : app. confusion of hold-facd (1H6
IV. vi. 121 anil 'brow-beating' : Wiv. ii. ii. 2'8yrjur
hold-biiitiiiy oaths.
boldness: confidence Mea.s. iv. ii. l(Ji boldness of { =
confidence in).
bolin : early form of ' bowline ' Per. in. i. 43 Slack
the bolins there.
bollen (old edd. boln) : swollen Lucr. 1417 all boll'n
and red ; Mer. V. iv. i. 56 bollen t bagpipe (old edd.
Woollen ; many conj'. wauliny, &c.). [iii. 400.
bolster : to lie on a l)olster(i. e. together) Otli. iii.
bolt sb. (the senses ' door-fastening ' and ' thunder-
bolt ' occur ; 2 was common from 1480 to 1690)
1 arrow, esp. one of the stouter and shorter kind
with blunt or thickened head MND. ii. i. 165 the
bolt of Cupid, Cym. iv. ii. 300 ; A fool's bolt is soon
shot (proverb common from the 13th to 18th v.)
H5 III. vii. 137 ; I'll make a shaft or a bolt out, Fll
risk making something or other out of it, I'll
make the venture Wiv. in. iv. 24.
2 fetter Meas. v. i. 345 Lay bolts enouqh on him,
CjTU. v. iv. 10 tojjick that bolt. 204.
bolt vb." : to sift (lit. and fig.) Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 377
the fanned snow That's b-ed by the northirn blasts.
bolt vb.2 : to fetter (fig.) Ant. v. ii. 6 shackles acci-
dents, and bolts lip chanye.
bolter : box or chest in which flour is sifted from
bran 1H4 lir. iii. 81 / have yiien them away to
baker.s' wives, and. they hare made bolters of them ;
so bolting-hntcb fig. 1H4 ii. iv. 501.
bombard : leather j'ug for liquor (probably resem-
bling the (annolis formerly so called) Tp. ii. ii.
21, lH4ir. iv. 503 thathu.ji b. of sack, H8 v. iv. 87.
bombast sb. : cotton wool used for padding or
stuffing 1H4 n. iv. :;64 my sweet creature of b.\
fig. LLL. V. ii. 789 As h. and as lining to the lime.
bombast adj'.: inflated, turgid 0th. I. i. 13 bombast
cirrit instance.
bona-roba : showy wanton (.T.) 2H4 in. ii. 26, 220.
bond (2 and 4 are the most freq. uses)
1 chain, fetter, usu. pL (often fig.) Err. v. i. 250
gnawing , , . my b-s in sunder, John in. iv. 70
liore them (= hairs) /row their h-s, Troil. i. iii. 66,
Caes. I. i. 38 capfhe b-s, Cym. i. i. 117 b-s of death.
2 tic of duty, obligation of affection AYL. i. ii. 293
the natural bond of sisters. Cor. v. iii. 25 All bond
and privilei/e of nature, Tim. i. i. 145, Lr. I. i. 95
/ lore your majesty According to my bond, Sonn.
cxvii. 4 Whereto all bunds do tie me ; Cses. u. i.
280 bond of m-arriage ; cf. H8 ii. iv. 38 My bond to
wedlock.
3 cementing or uniting force Wint. rv. iii. [iv.]586
Prosperity's the very bond of love.
4 deed by which one binds oneself to another to
make a payment or fulfil a contract iMer.V. i. i'i.
28 / think I may take his bond, in. ii. 318, &c.,
R2 II. i. 64 rolten parchment bonds ; often fig. and
in extended use, R3 iv. iv. 77 Cancel his bond of
life, Mac. III. ii. 49 Caned and tear to pieces that
BONDAGE - 20
iiruit hijii/l ( = Ban iuo"s life), Sonn. cxlii. 7 seal'cl
fdlse homh of love, Lucr. 136.
bondag'e (1 with allusion to senses 'captivity',
ami ' servitude ')
1 coiulition of being bound Cym.v.v.307i(;^/j/sf(»-Bis
alone ; they were not born for lionihuje Conipl. 34.
2 binding force, obligation Cym. ii. iv. Ill the vows
eif iifimcn Of no more howJuije he . . .
bone I the usual senses are Ireq. ; 2 used only in
'■atlis ; 4 cf. ' The lace-makers still call their work
getting their bread out of the bones ', Naresj
1 ijOHtii/ honex, unborn child Lr. ii. iv. 163.
2 tin honm, lingei-s 2H6 i. iii. 193.
3 pi. some rude musical instrument MXD. iv. i. 33.
4 pi. boblMns with whicli bone-lace was made
Tw.X. n. iv. 45 weave their thread with bonis.
bonnet: to take off the bonnet in token of respect
Cor. II. ii. 30 those who, havinr/ hien supple and
eonrfeons to the people, bonneted.
bonny (2 doubtful sense ; 3 still dialectal)
1 pleasant to look upon, comely 2Htj v. ii. 12 the
bonny beast he lov'd so well. Ham. iv. v. 186 bonny
sirvd Robin, [line of an old ballad]
2 big. stout AYL. n. iii. 8 b. priser (mod. edd. bony).
3 gladsome Ado ii. iii. 71 be you blithe and honny.
book (fig. and allusive uses of 2 are freq.)
1 writing, document 1H4 ill. i. 224 By that time
will our book, I think, be drawn.
2 volume or literary work read or consulted (freq.);
fig. John n. i. 485 tins hook of beauty (— Bianca),
Rom. I. iii. 87 This precious ho<d; ejf love, this unbound
/o/fc ( = Paris); 2H4 m. i. 45 the hook of fate, R2i.
iii. 202 the hook of life, Sonn. xxv. Wfrom the book
of honour razid quite ; Tphrases by the hoejk, accord-
ing to prescription, with due fomiality AYL. v.
iv. 95, R')ni. l. v. 114 ; cf. in. i. 108 ; without look,
from memoiy, by rote Tw.N. i. iii. 29, Ti-oih ii.
i. 20 learn a prayer without bejok.
3 the Bible Wiv. i. iv. 152, LLL. iv. iii. 250 who can
yireanoath? where in a. book?. Hence book-oath
'2H4 u. i. 115. Also = religious office-book John
III. iii. 12 Bell, look, and candle.
4 = account-book Lr. lil. iv. 98 keep . . . thy pen from
lender's books, Cym. m. iii. 26 keeps his book iin-
cross'd; = memorandum-book, note-book, or book
of records, often fig. IHO ii. iv. 101 I'll note ijou
in my book of memory, 2H6 i. i. 101 Blottiny your
nami s from bookn of memory. Cor. v. ii. 15 I have
been The book of liis yeyod acts. Ham. i. v. 103, Per.
I. i. 94; (hence) in a person's hookls = in favour
with him Ado i. i. 80, Shr. ii. i. 223, 2H4 ir. ii.
51 in the devil's hook.
5 by extension of sense 2 = (i) rigmarole, screed
Ado I. i. 317 [309] (( b. of words ; (ii) study, learn-
ing, instruction Tp. iii. i. 94 I'll to my b., AYL.
n. i. 16 tongues in trees, b-s i>i the runniny brooks,
H8 I. i. 122 A b(i/;/ar's b. Outworlhs a nobk 's blood.
bookful : Ado V. ii. 32 ; or read, a ivhole hook full.
book-man : scholar, student LLL. ri. i. 225, &c.
book-mate: fellow-student LLL. iv. i. 103.
boorish: used as sb. = illiterate speech AYL. v.
i. 54.
boot sb.' (3 influenced by the word ' booty ')
1 something given in addition or into the bargain
AVint. IV. iii. [iv.] 6.54, R3 iv. iv. 65 I'onng York
he is hut boot, Troil. iv. v. 40 I'll yive you boot ;
rilyive you thr^eforone ; esp. in phr. to b. (freo.).
2 advantage, profit : phrases make boot of, profit
by Ant. iv. i. 9 ; it is no boot, it is of no avail or
use Shr. v. ii. 177 ; to hoot, to our lielp Wint. i.
ii. 80, R3 V. iii. 302 Saint Oeorye to boot !
3 bootv, plunder in phr. make boot {upon, of) 1H4
II. i. 01, H5 I. ii. 194, 2H6 iv. i. 13.
boot sb.- ; to yivc (a person) the bouts, to fool him
— BOTS
Gent. I. i. 27'. ^ Cf. 'to give one the boots, to
sell him a bargaine ' Cotgr. s.v. Bailler.
boot vb.' (1 the usual sense ; 2 once)
1 to a-vail : intr. R2 iii. iv. 18 ; trans. Gent. i. i. 28.
2 to enrich with an additional gift Ant. ii. v. 71
/ (('/// hejot thee with what ijift biside . . .
boot vl).= : to put on one"s boots 2H4 v. iii. 138.
boot-hose : over-stocking covering the leg like
a jack-boot Shr. in. ii. 69 a ktrsey boot-hose.
bootless: unavailing (freq.) ; adv. MSD. u. i. 37,
Tit. III. i. 36.
border : to keep within bounds Lr. iv. ii. 33.
bore sb. (2 metaphor from a gun)
1 small hole Cor. iv. vi. 88 (see augek), Cym. iii. ii.
58 the bores of hearing ( = the eai-s).
2 calibre (fig.; Ham. l\'. vi. 28 too light for the bore
of the matter. [v.)
bore vb. (2 used by Fletdier, ' Spanish Cm-ate ' iv.
1 to perforate, trans, and intr. MND. iii. ii. 53, R2
III. ii. 170.
2 to clieat, gull H8 1, i. 128 He b-s me with some trick.
Boreas: the north wind Troil. i. iii. 38thc ruffian B.
bore-sprit : see Bowsprit.
borrow sb.: borrowing Wint. i. ii. 39.
borrow vb. (extensions of the common sense are)
1 to derive, receive Troil. iv. v. 132 any drop [of
blood] thou borrow'dst from thy mother, Sonn.
cliii. 5 Which borrow' d from this holy fire vf Love
A dateless lively heat.
2 to assume, putonH5ll. iv. Id The borrow' d glories;
cf. Lr. I. iv. 1 If but as well I other accents borrow ;
hence borrowed often = counterfeit, false Rom.
IV. i. 104, Lucr. 1549 those borroit'd teecrs.
bosky : shrubby Tp. iv. i. 81 My hosky acres.
bosom sb. (bosom multiplied Cor. in. i. 130 prob.
= the bosom of the many-headed monster, i. e.
the people ; bisson multitueh\) [38.
1 Abraham's h. (Luke xvi. 22) = Paradise K3 iv. iii.
2 fold or pocket in the front part of a bodice, used
for letters, &c. Gent. I. ii. Ill, Ham. ii. ii. 112.
3 seat of affection, desire, passion = 'heart' (freq.);
Lr. V. iii. 50 the common b. (=the affections of
the populace) ; sometimes = (i) repositoiy of
secrets Meas. v. 1. 10 To lock it in the wards of
covert b., Ctes. v. i. 7 / eem in their b-s, Lr. iv. v.
26 you are of herb.; (ii) desire, intimate thoughts
Meas. IV. iii. 143 have your b. on this wretch, Uth.
m. i. 58 To speak your b. freely.
4 of things : (i) surface John rv. i. 3 the h. of the
ground, Rom. i. iv. 102, ii. ii. 32 the b. of the air ;
(ii) enclosing walls (of a tower) R2 v. i. 3 whose
flint b.; (iii) depths, inmost recesses LLL. iv. iii.
32, John II. i. 410 this city's b., R3 i. i. 4 the deep
h. of the ocean ; cf. H8 li. iv. 180 the b. of my con-
science ( = my inmost conscience).
bosomi vb. (Cf. ' I'll bosom what I think', John
Day, 1606)
1 lit. to take to the bosom, embrace ; (hence) to
admit to close companionship Lr. v. i. 13 con-
junct And bosoin'd irith her.
2 to keep in secret H8 l. i. 112 B. up my counsel.
botch sb. : flaw resulting from iiuskilfui workman-
ship Mac. HI. i. 134 ; so botch vh. to patch, esii.
unskilfully (chiefly fig. witli /(;/) Tw.X. iv. i. 6(1
hoa< many fruitless pranks This ruffian hath b-'it
up ( = clumsily contrived), H5ii. ii. 115, Ham. iv.
V. 10 b. the words up to fit their own thoughts ;
botcher AU'sW. iv. iii. 211, Cor. ii. i. 99.
botchy con, central hard mass of a boil or tumour
Troil. II. i. 6 ^?soIne pun on botch vb.).
both-sides: duubk-faccd AllsW. iv. iii. 252 Damn-
uhli Imlh-sidis rogiii !
bots : disrase ot horse s caused by parasitic worms
or maggots Shr. III. ii. 67, IHl ii. i. 11 ; in oaths
BOTTLE
21
—BRANCHLESS
Per. 11. i. 1'28 bols on't. fj ' Bots ' was used both
as sing, (for the disease) and as pi. (for the mag-
gots) in Eliz. times.
bottle : truss (of hay i MND. iv. i. 38.
bottled (not pre-S.) : bottle-shaped, big-bellied E3
I. iii. :i42 that hotthd spider, iv. iv. 81.
bottom sb. (freq. in the ordinary sense, and fig. ■=
' depths ')
1 low-lying land, valley AYL. iv. iii. 80 down in
the ne/yhbour bottom, 1H4 iii. i. 106 so rich a b.
2 ship, vessel (orig. the keel or hull) Mer. V. I. i. 42
3Iy rentures are not in one bottom trusted, Tw.N.
V. i. 61, John n. i. 73, H5 ni. Chor. 12.
3 ball of thread Shr. iv. iii. 137 b. of brown thread.
bottom vb. (cf. prec. 3) : to wind, as a skein of
thread Gent. in. ii. 53 as you itnwind her love from
him . . . Van must p^roride to bottom it on me.
bottom-g-raes : grass growing in low valleys
Yen. 236.
bounce sb. and int. : bang John ir. i. 462 cannon
jirf, and smoke undbounce, 2H4nr. ii. 307 'bounce,''
no til (I a' say.
bound sb. (' bound ' = leap is a different word)
1 boundaiy, limit, barrier (lit. and fig. ) Tp. i. ii. 97
A conjidence sans bound, MXD. in. ii. 65, John
III. i. Ii Like a proud river peering o'er his bounds ;
Hani. IV. vii. Ii8 Jievenye should have no bounds.
2 chiefly pi. territory, district, precinct Err. i. i.
133 tl'irouyk the bounds of Asia, Tim. v. iv. 61 in
your city's hounds ; sometimes sing. = area Tp. li.
i. 1.59 bound of land, 1H4 v. iv. 90.
bound vb.' : to enclose, confine, restrict .Tohn ii. i.
431, 442 the banks that bound them in, Troil. i. iii.
Ill the boundid waters, xv. v. 128.
bound vb." (not pre-Eliz.; 1 and 2 are obs.)
1 to recoil, rebound All'sW. ll. iii. 314 these heills
bound; there's noise in it, R2 I. ii. 58 ('She coiii-
paies her reiterated complaints to the rebound-
ing of a tennis-ball ').
2 to cause to leap H5 v. ii. 145 bound my horse.
bound ppl. a.' (older ' boun ', ' bun ' of Norse origin)
1 ready, prepared 3H6 ii. iv. 3, Ham. I. v. 6 I am
bound to hear, in. iii. 41 « man to double business
bound, Lr. in. vii. 11.
2 intending to go Err. rv. i. 3 b. To Persia, Cor. in. i.
53, Ham. rv. vi. 10, 6. for England, Sonn. Ixxxvi. 2.
bound ppl. a.- (pa. pple. of the vb. 'bind ')
1 under obligation, obliged 1H6 n. i. 37.
2 I dare be bound, I am certain Cym. iv. iii. 18.
bounden: obliiied/o AYL. i. ii. 303, John in. iii. 29.
bounteous, bountifully, bounty are freq. used
where ' generous ' and ' liberal ' and their deriva-
tives would be now usual.
bourn' : brook Lr. in. vi. 28 Come o'er the bourn.
bourn- : boundary, confine, limit Wint. i. ii. 135
Xo b. 'twixt his and mine. Ant. i. i. 16 I'll set a b.
how far to be belov'd, Lr. iv. vi. 58 this chalky b.
( = Dover clitfs). TJThe meaning in Ham. in. i.
79 country from whose b. Xo traveller returns has
been variously taken by modern writers to be
' goal ' and ' realm, domain '.
bout : round or turn (in fencing) Tw.N. ni. iv. 341,
Ham. IV. vii. 158, v. ii. 298 ; transf. to dancing
Rom. I. V. 21 ladies that have the toes Vnplagued
with corns will walk a bout\ with you (Qi have
about = a bout, Qq Ft icalke about).
bowsb.: yoke for oxen AYL. in. iii. 85 As the o.v
luith his bow.
bow vb. : to cause to bend, make crooked Shr. n. i.
151 boii'd her hand to teach her fingering, H8 n. iii.
36 tt three-pence bow'd, Per. iv. ii. 94 you arc a
young foolish sapling, and must be bowed ; fig. H5
I. ii. 14 wrest, or bow your reading, Cor, v. v. [vi.]
25 He bow'd his nature.
bow-back : < urved or arched back Yen. 619.
•[i ' Bow-backed " is recorded from 1470. [16.
bow-boy : boy with the bow, i.e. Cupid, Kom. n. iv.
bow-case: ease in wliich a bow is kept ; in 16th-
17th cent, applied humorously to a lean starve-
ling 1H4I1. iv. 277.
bowels: used in the Eliz. period = offspring Meas.
in. i. 29 thine own bowels, which do call thee sire.
bower : to embower, enclose Kom. ui. ii. 81.
bowg'et: see budget.
bow hand: hand that holds the bow in arcliei-y,
i. e. the left hand LLL. iv. i. 137 Wide o' the b.
bowl (four times in S.; 1 rhymes with 'owl ')
1 to play at bowls LLL. r\". i. 142 challenge her to b.
2 to cause to roll Ham. ii. ii. 526 [518J.
3 to roll like a bowl, i. e. with a regular motion
Wint. n'. iii. [iv.] 340' if it be not too rough for some
that knoiv little but bowling.
4 howl'd, pelted with rolling missiles Wiv.in.iv. 91.
bowsprit : Yibon-sprit{t, common Eliz. form Tp. i.
ii. 200.
boy my greatness : Ant. v. ii. 219 ; allusion to the
fact that l)oys or youths played female parts on
the stage in S.'s time.
boy-queiier : boy-killer Troil. v. v. 45.
brabble: quarrel, brawl Tw.X. v. i. 69 hi private
b. did ire appreliend him. Tit. ii. i. 62 This petty b.
brabbler : quarreller, brawler John v. ii. 162 ; cf.
Troil. V. i. 102 Be will spend his mouth , . . like
Jlrabbler the hound.
brace sb. (etym. meaning ' the two arms ', (hence)
'armour covering the arms' ; 3 orig. of dogs,
perhaps because the leash was called a brace)
1 (?) coat of armour "Per. n. i. 137.
2 state of defence 0th. i. iii. 24 stands not in such
war-like brace.
3 pair (of dogs) 3H6 ii. v. 129 b. of greyhounds ; (of
persons, freq.) Tp. v. i. 126 my h. of lords, [ii. 169.
brace vb.: to tighten the skin of (a drum) John v.
bracta.: kind of hound that hunts by scent Shr. Ind.
i. 17, Lr. m. vi. 72 b. or lym ; esp. a bitch-hound
1H4 111. i. 240 Lady, my brach, Lr. i. iv. 125.
bragf vb. (the foil, are rare uses ; 2 peculiar to S.)
1 to boast of, vaunt Cor. i. viii. 13, Cym. v. iii. 93.
2 to talk with just pride of Rom. i. v. 71 brags of
him To be a virtuous . . . youth, n. vi. 31.
brag'less(S.) : without vain boasting Troil. v. ix. 4.
braid adj. (S.) : (?) deceitful All'sW. rv. ii. 73.
braid vb.' : to plait Yen. 271 braielcd . . . mane,
Compl. 35 slackly braided, [yourself.
braid vb.^ : to upbraid Per. l. i. 93 'Twould braid
brain sb. : bear a brain, to have remembrance Bom
I. iii. 29 ; beaten with brains, satirized, mocked
Ado V. iv. 104 ; for other phrases see boiled,
DRY, HOT, &C.
brain vb. (1 fig. from dashing out the brains)
1 to defeat Meas. v. i. 397 That brain'd my purpose.
2 to conceive in the brain (S.) Cym. v. iv. 147.
brained : having brains Tp. in. ii. 7 brained like iis.
brainisb : headstrong, passionate Ham. iv. i. 11.
brake: thicket Yen. 816 her fawn hid in some b.; fig.
H8 1, ii. 75 the rough b. That virtue must go through.
branch (1 peculiar to S. ; in AYL. iv. ii. 5 there is
a ref. to the palm-branch and to the division of
a deer's horn called a ' branch ')
1 pi. applied to the human hands Tit. ii. iv. 18 made
thy body bare Of her two branches.
2 division, section, part Err. v. i. 106 a branch and
parcel of mine oath, Mer.Y. n. ii. 68 branches of
teaming. Ham. v. i. 12, Cym. v. v. 384.
branched : adorned with a figured pattern sug-
gestingbraiichesTw.N. n. v. 65my branched velvet
gown. 1 In use 1510-1700.
branchless : fig. destitute Ant. in. iv. 24.
3
BRAUD — i
brand : Cujiid's torch C'yiii. ii. iv. 91, Sonn. cliii. 1.
brass : used to symbolize U) liarduess, iiupeiushable-
ness Meas. v. i. 11 chnracters of 0., H5 iv. iii. 97
live in 6., Cjes. i. iii. 93 ualh o/beattn h., Soiin. Ixiv.
4; (ii) insensibility Sonn. cxx. 4 I'liless mij nci-res
vu-eh.; (iii) obduracy LLL. v. ii. S'd'Jdiiy /ticeo/b.
brass'dt : see brazeb.
brassy : hard as brass, pitiless Mer.\ . iv. i. 31
hriiiisii hosrims and roiifih hinrts of flint.
brave sli.: bravado, deifiant threat Slir. m. i. 15
Iinl! ni)t hcnr ilitse Inives of thine, John V. ii. 159
Tlun I ml thy bnne. Tit. n. i. 30.
brave adj. (neither sense is pre-Eliz.)
1 finely arrayed ; (hence) sho^\'J-, splendid Shr. Ind.
i. 40 bnne nttendnnt^, Sunn. xv. 8 uear their bnne
state out of mimonj, Pilgr. xii. 4 [160] Youth like
summer brave, aye like irinter bare.
2 verv freq. used as an epithet of praise of persons
and" things : excellent, capital, line Ado v. iv. 131
bnne puHishme7its, AYL. iii. iv. 41 that's a brave
man ! he writes brnre rerses, speaks brave words,
swears brave oaths, 1H4 iv. i. 7 a braver place In my
heart's love ; (ironically) Ham. it. ii. 619.
brave vl>. (1 freq. in S. ; 2 in common Eliz. use)
1 to challenge, defy (lit. and fig.) John iv. iii. 87
dar'sl thou brave a nobleman?, R3 iv. iii. 57 when
traitors brave the field, Lucr. 40 so rich a thiny,
Braviny compare ; also intr. in pres. pple. AlFsW.
I. ii. 31 bravinij war, K2 il. iii. 112 braving arms.
2 to make splenilid Shr. iv. iii. 125, E3 v. iii. 280
Hi [tlif sun] shinild have h-'d the east fin hour ago.
bravely: nsed in the senses of the adj., but the
meanings 'valiantly' and 'excellently, finely'
are often blended, e. g. Mac. v. vii. 26 The noble
thanea do bravely in the war.
bravery (sense ' valour ' does not clearly emerge)
1 defiance, bravado Ca?s. v. i. 10, Cym. m. i. 18.
2 splendour, finery, fine clothes Meas. i. iii. 10,
AYL. II. vii. 80, Shr. it. iii. 57 With scarfs luid
fans a>id double change of bravery, Sonn. xxxiv. 4.
3 ostentatious display Ham. v. ii. 79 the bravery
of lii.t grief.
brawl sb. : French dance resembling a cotillon LLL,
III. i. 9. T[A ditferent word from ' brawl ' =
quarrel, squabble (cf. next).
brawl vb. (1 freq. in lit. sense ; 2, 3 not pre-S.)
1 to quarrel noisily ; (hence) to be clamorous, or
noisy, or discordant Meas. iv. i. 11 my brawling
discontent, Slu'. iv. i. 209 FU rail and brawl, 2H4i.
iii. 70 as the times do b., Rom. i. i. 181 0 h-iny love !
2 (of a stream) to make a noise in its course over
stones, &c. AYL. li. i. 32 the brook that breiwls . . .
3 to beat down with clamour John ii. i. 383.
brawn (2 in common use from 1400 and now dial.)
1 tiesliy part of the bo 1y, esp. the arm, calf of the
leg, or buttock Troil. i. iii. 297 in my vanlbran
put this uitlur'd brawn, Cym. IV. ii. 311 The bnwns
of Hercnhs ; attnb. = fleshy All'.s^V. ii. li. 20.
2 (?) boar (said of Falstatf) 1H4 n. iv. 125.
brazed [from bkass] : hardened Ham. m. iv. 37
(FfQo braid, Qq.,-r, brasd, mod. edd. brass' d-\),
Lr. I. i. 11 1 am brazed to it.
brazen: in fig. senses following those of brass
2HG III. ii. 89 ioos'd them [the winds] forth their
brazen caves, 3H6 n. iv. 4 a brazen wall.
brazier : worker in brass H8 v. iv. 43 he should be
a brazier by his face.
breach (1 is frei[. and colours other uses, esp. 2)
1 gap in a fortification made by a battery H6 iii. i.
1 Once more iin/o the Imacli, dear friends.
2 fissure or gap caused by breaking John rv'. ii. 32
patches set upon a little breach, Ven. 1175 ; esp. =
wound Troil. iv. v. 244 the very breach whereout
Hector's great spirit flew, Ven. 1066.
-BBZSATH
3 violation, infraction Eir. rv. i. 49 i. of promise, H5
IV. i. 182, Ham. i. iv. 16 a custom More honour'd
■in the breach, Cym. iii. iv. 27.
4 break-up of friendly relations, rupture H8 ]v. i.
106, Lr. I. ii. 167 nuptial hnaches.
5 theb. of the sea, the breakers or surf Tw.N. ii. i. 23.
bread : God's bread, the sacramental bread, the
Host (used in oaths) Rom. iii. v. 177 ; bread and
cheese, typical of simple fare Wiv. ii. i. 139 I love
■no/ the liunidur of bnad and cheese.
bread-chipper : see chip vb. 2H4 n. iv. 346
breadth: extent (S.) AUsW. in. ii. 26 (Fi brtdth,
Craig hrcath), John iv. ii. 99 (see blood 5), Per.
IV. i. 36.
break (see also broken)
1 to cut open (a persons head) Wiv. I. i. 126 I broke
your head. Err. I. ii. 79 / shall b. that merry sconce
of yours, il. i. ISIirill b. thy pate across ; similarly
Kom. I. iii. 38 the day befori shi hmki Inr broir.
2 to crack (a joke) Shr. iv. v. 72 to Im ak a ji si ipon
the company, Troil. i. iii. 148 ; similarly Ado ii. i.
154 briak a comparison or two upon me, li. iii.
256 rimiunils of wit broken on me.
3 to reveal, disclose H5 v. ii. 264 break thij mind to
me, lH6i. iii. 82, Mac. i. vii. 48 bn<ik this entir-
prise to me \ (hence) intr. construed with uifh or
to, to make a revelation or disclosure Gent. in. i.
59 to break with thee of some affairs. Ado i. i. 319
I will break with her, find ivi'th her father, 336 to
her father will I break, H8 v. i. 47.
4 to open (negotiations) Tit. v. iii. 19"* break the
peirle (or ? = ' break oft' ').
5 to interrupt Wiv. iii. iv. 22 B. their talk, 2H4 r\'.
V. 65 have broke their sleep with thoughts, Ant. iv.
xii. [xiv.] 31 a teeiring groan did break Thi name
of Antony.
6 to make docile, train to Err. ni. i. 77 thon wanfest
breaking, Shr. li. i. 148 break her to the lute ?
7 intr. to disband, disper.se All'sW. rv. iv. 11.
8 to become bankrupt, fail Mer. V. in. i. 123,
(quihblingly) Rom. in. ii. 57.
9 of darkness : to be dispersed by light R3 v. iii. 87.
10 intr. and pass, to fall out or quarrel (with) Gent.
II. V. 19 What, are they broktn I Cor. iv. vi. 49 It
cninint be The Volsns flare break leith us.
break the heart of, to kill or overwhelm with
grief Ciir. i. i. 217 To break the hinrt of generosity,
Lr. III. iv. 4, Lucr. 1239 /hry droini tinir eyes or
break their hearts ; break one's heart, to die
Wiv. II. ii. 326 they irill brink tin ir hmrts but they
will effict. Tit. V. i. 113 ; break a lance, to have
a tilting match 1H6 m. ii. 50 : break up, to tear
open (seals) Mcr.V. ii. iv. 10, Wint. in. ii. 132
liriak up the seals, (end reftd ; with ref. to the
technical term for cai-ving a fowl LLL. rv. i. 56
you can carve ; Break up this capon (see capon) ;
break one's wind, to liecome broken-winded
1H4 II. ii. 13 ; break a word, to exchange words
irith Err. in. i. 75.
break-neck : ruinous course Wint. i. ii. 363 ;
break-promise AYL. rv. i. 202, break-vow
John n. i. 56y breaker of promises, vows.
breast : pair of lungs, voice Tw.N. ii. iii. 21 the fool
has an excellent breast. ^ Cf. 'Lets heare him
sing, h'as a fine breast,' Fletcher.
breath : S. is an early authority for the senses :
'power of breathing' Err. iv. i. 57 yon run this
humour out of b.. Ham. v. ii. 285 drink to Ham-
let's better b. ; and ' breathing-space, short inter-
val ' John III. iv. 134 one quiet b. of rest, H5 ii. iv.
145, R3 IV. ii. 24 .s-enne little b., some pause, Troil.
II. iii. 122 An after-dinner's b. ; the sense 'speech,
utterance, language ' is freq. Ado v. i. 276, MND.
III. ii. 44 b. so bitter, Lr. i. i. 62.
BREATHE —
breathe (1 i« imitated by later poets ; 2 the opposite
sense of ' rest, pause ' is freq.)
1 to speak Wiv. iv. v. 2 speak, hrenthe, disciiss,
Ham. II. i. 44 The youth you breathe of.
2 to exercise briskly All's W. ii. iii. 272 to breathe
thftiistU'cs upon thee.
breathed (see also lust-beeathed)
1 exercised, trained LLL. v. ii. 656 A man so
hn nth '(/, AYL. i. ii. 234, Shr. Ind. ii. 50 as swift As
bnalhid sla(/s. Ant. in. xi. [xiii.] 177 ; (hence) in-
ured Tim. I. i. 10 breath'd, as it were, To ait uii-
tirable and coiitiimate goodness.
2 endowed with breath or life Wint. v. iii. 04.
breather (not in general use before S.)
1 one wlio breathes, living creature AYL. iil. ii. 298,
Sonn. Ixxxi. 12 <iU tlie breathers of this leorld.
2 one who breather or utters Meas. iv. iv. 31.
breathing' (1 cf. 'Hide not thj[ ear at my breathing,
at my cry ' Lamentations iii. 55)
1 utterance Ant. i. iii. 14 to (jive b. to my purpose.
2 pause, rest, delay Ado ll. i. '680 so louy a breathiny,
Liicr. 1720 Untimely breath inys.
3 exercise All'sW. i. ii. 17 sick For breathing and
exploit. Per. ii. iii. 101 ; so breathing-time of
rf((^ Ham. V. ii. 181. [1142.
breathing-while : short time E3 i. iii. 60, Ven.
breech : typifying ' the authority of the husband '
2H6 I. iii. 149 wear no breeches, 3H6 v. v. 2i stol'n
the breirh from Lancaster.
breech'd: covered as with breeches Mac. ii. iii.
123 ///(/)• (/(((///( j-.v Viimiinnerly breech'd ivith yore.
breeching scholar : schoolboy liable to be
whipped Shr. in. i. 18.
breed sb. (not pre-Eliz. ; 2 now replaced by 'brood ')
1 race, strain K2 ii. i. 45 This happy breed of men,
H8 II. ii. 4, Cym. iv. ii. 25 breed of yreatness! ;
family Mac. iv. iii. 108 ; kind, species LLL. v. ii.
267 //((' hi; id of wits so woiidir'd at, Ham. III. ii.
333 [327] this coitrfcsy is nut uf the riijht breed.
2 oflspring Sonn. xii. 14 ; fig. Mer.V. i. iii. 135 A
brad of barren metal.
breed vb. (sense 1 is peculiar to S.)
1 bred nut, exhausted, degenerated H5 in. v. 29
Our iiii/tlr is brul out, Tim. i. i. 259 The strain of
iiitin's bred out Info baboon and monkey.
2 to keep, support Wint. m. iii. 47 ^Vhich may . . .
breed thee ( = may suffice to bring thee up), Lr. iv.
ii. 73 A servant that he bred, Cym. ii. iii. 119 One
bred of alms, Sonn. cxii. 13* in my piirpose bred
(a) kept in my thoughts, (b) intimately bound up
with my life-purpose. [iv. 13.
breed-bate (see bate sb.) : mischief-maker Wiv. i.
breeding : parentage, descent Wint. iv. iii. 744
[iv. 7411, 2H4v. iii. 109.
breeze, breese : gadfly Troil. i. iii. 48, Ant. m.
viii. 24 [x. 14] The b. upon her, like a cow in June.
brewage : brewed drink AMv. in. v. 33.
Briareus: a hundred-handed giant in Greek
mytliology Troil. I. ii. 30 a youty Briareus, many
hands mid no use.
brib'd*: purlo-ned, stolen Wiv. v. v. 27 Divide me
like a brib'd buck, each a hiiunch.
briber : something which wins indulgence Tim. ni.
V. 62 a sufficient briber for liis life.
bride it -. to play the bride Shr. lii. ii. 254.
brief (both senses were common Eliz.)
1 letter, dispatch 1H4 iv. iv. 1 this sealed brief.
2 short account, summary, abstract MND. v. i. 42
There is a brief how many sports are ripe, All'sW.
V. iii. 137 a sweet verbed brief. Ant. v. ii. 137 a brief
of money, plate, and jewels ; fig. John ii. i. 103.
briefly : in a short time, soon, quickly Cor. i. vi.
16 'Tis not a mile; briefly we heeird their drums,
Ant. IV. iv. 10 Go put on thy defence.— Briefly, sir,
23 - BROAD
Cym. V. V. 107, Per. in. Gower 12, i. 53 ; so brief-
ness, quickness Lr. ii. i. 20, Per. v. ii. 15 In
feather'd briefness sails arefill'd.
bright : the sense ' lively, cheerful ' is recorded
first from S., Mae. in. ii. 28 Be b. and jovial.
brim fulness : condition of being full to the brim
H5 I. ii. 150. TJ Johnson read bninfuliuss.
brinded: marked with streaks of a Uiiierent colour
from the body-< olour Mac. iv. i. 1 the b. cat.
brine: first applied to tears in S., Rom. n. iii. 69,
Lucr. 796 ; cf. brine-pit Tit. in. i. 130 And made
a brine-pit with our bitter tears, and brinish
Lu( r. li!13 the brinish pearl.
bring" (the foil, are obs. or .special uses ; 1 is freq.;
2 peculiar to S.; 6 common in Eliz. dramatists)
1 to escort or accompany (a person) on his way
Gent. I. i. 55 thither will I briny thee, H5 n. iii. 2
let me briny thee to Staines, Caes. iii. ii. 58.
2 - ' bring word ', rej ort, inform Ham. v. ii. 204,
Ant. rv. xi. [xiii.] 10 6. me how he talces my death.
3 to derive 1H6 ii. v. 77 he From John of Gaunt doth
briny his pedigree.
4 = ' bring forth ', ' bring into the world' Wint. n.
i. 147 To briny false yi nirations, Sonn. xxxii. 11
A diarir birth than this his lore had brought ; cf.
Cor. v. iii. 125 That brought thee to this world.
5 briny out of tune, to piit out AYL. iii. ii. 264 ;
bring it to that, make it mean that Ant. ir. v. 33.
6 be with (a person) to bring : phrase of various ap-
plication but usually implying getting the upper
hand in some way Troil. i. ii. 3()4.
bring about, to cause to make a complete revolu-
tion, to complete (a cycle of time) LLL. v. ii. 806,
John in. i. 81, R2 i. iii. 220, 3H6 n. v. 27 How
many hours bring about the day ; bring forth,
(1) to express, put forth Troil. i. iii. 242 hring the
praise forth ; (2) to set in the public view, i^ro-
duce on a stage All'sW. v. iii. 152 To bruii/ forth
this discotery, H5 Prol. 10, Mac in. iv. 125, Ant.
y. ii. 218 Antony Shall be brought drunkui forth ;
bring in, to place or establish in one's position
0th. III. i. 53 ; bring off, to deliver, rescue, ac-
quit H8 III. ii. 221 / know A way . . . Will bring
me off again, Troil. v. vi. 25 /'// be ta'en too. Or
bring him off; bring on, to induce Ham. in. i.
9 bring him on to some confession. Ant. in. ii. 44 ;
bring out, to produce (in various applications)
Wint. IV. ii. [iii.] 130 If I make not this cheat bring
out another, 1H4 in. i. 47, Tim. iv. iii. 189 Let it
no more bring out ingrateful man ! ; bring up to,
to raise to the pitch of Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 546 And
briiui liim lip to liking.
bringings- forth : achievements Meas. in. ii. 157.
brisk (not pre-Eliz.; rare before S.)
1 quick and active Rom. i. v. 18 ; (of the times) fast
Tw.N. n. iv. 6 these most b. and giddy-paced times.
2 smartly dressed 1H4 1. iii. 54 To see him shine so b.
3 agreeably acid 2H4 v. iii. 46 wine that's brisk.
brisky (S.) : brisk MND. ni. i. 100 Most b. juirnal.
broach (orig. = ' to pierce ' ; 3 now the usual sense)
1 to stick (a thing) on a sword's point as on a spit
H5 V. Chor. 32 Bringing rebellion broached on his
sword, Tit. iv. ii. 86.
2 to tap (a cask), only fig. MND. v. i. 149 ivith blade
. . . He bravely broach'd his boiling bloody breast,
Tim. II. ii. 187 broach the vessels of my love ; with
blood as the obj. 1H6 in. iv. 40, 2H6 iv. x. 40.
3 to begin, introduce in conversation or discussion
Shr. I. ii. 85 that I broach'd in jest, H8 ii. iv. 147
broach this business to your highness, Ant. i. ii. 18:3.
broad (not very common in S.)
1 free, unrestrained Mac. in. vi. 21 broad words,
Ham. in. iv. 2 his pranks have been too broad ;
widely diffused Mac. iii.iv. 23 As broad and general
BROAD-FBONTED -
24
BUDGEK
fix the casiiif/ air ; arrogant Troil. i. iii. 190 in full
an proud a'place As broad AchiUts.
2 adv. freelj', unrestrainedly Tim. iii. iv. 0.5 can
speaJc h-er ; fully, full- Ham. iii. iii. 81 With all
his crimes h.-hloicii, asfinsh as May ; broad-airake,
wide awake Tit. II. ii. 17 (Ff simply aicahe) ;
hruml-sjir, ndiiKj wide-Spreading R2 in. iv. 50.
broad-fronted: with a broad forehead Ant. i. v. 29.
brock : badger ; used contemptuously as if ' a stink-
ina fellow' Tw.X. ii. v. 115.
brogue ; rude kind of shoe, generally made of un-
tanned hide, worn by the inhabitants of the
wilder parts of Ireland and the Scotch Highlands
Cym. IV. ii. 211 3Iy clouted bror/ucs.
broil : to suft'er great heat H8 iv. i. 50 Where have
i/oii been broiling ?—Amoni/ the croud i'the Abbey ;
to become heated or excited Troil. i. iii. 379* Who
broils in loud applause.
broke: to bargain, traffic All'sW. iii. v. 71.
brokea (the foil, are special uses : 1 cf. south-
midland dial, 'broken-mouthed' -= having lost
teeth ; R.3 ii. ii. 117 Tin brokin rancour of your
hiyh-swoln hcetrts {in> Qq ; Ff h((tes), ' your quarrels
(or spirits) which had risen high and broken out
into rancour ')
1 fragmentary, incomplete ; broken meeds, remains
of food, as eaten by servants Lr. ii. ii. 15 A l-neac,
n rascal, an eater ejf broken nnats ; AH'sW. li. iii.
CO Ml) mouth no more nere brolcen ( = having gaps
in the tcetlr, H5 r. ii. 201: brokin Ene/lish.
2 interrupted AVint. v. ii. 10 brokin diliriri/, H8i.
iv. 61 brokin hanquel, Troil. iv. iv. 48 brokin tears
(i.e. broken with sobs).
rs ruined, bankrupt AYL. ii. i. 57 that poor and
broken bankrupt, R2 il. i. 258 bankrupt, like a
broken )//<(»( (? = outlaw, the regular meaning in
old Scotch law), Cym. v. iv. 19 broken debtors.
4 broken music, music arranged for parts, concerted
music (with a pun) AYL. i. ii. 151, H5 v. ii. 202,
Troil. III. i. 53.
5 broken bosoms, broken hearts Compl. 254.
broker : agent or intermediary (freq. with implied
censure), esp. go-between in love affairs Jolinir.
i. 508 tliat .«(/ devil. That broker, that still breaks
tlie pate of faith, 582, 3H0 iv. i. 03 To play the
broker on mine own behalf ; fig. Ham. I. iii. 127,
Conipl. 173 voirs were ever brokers to dejilini/ ; so
broker-between Troil. in. ii. 211.
broking' pawn : pledge R2 ii. i. 293 Redeem from
broking pann the blemish'd crown.
broocli: in S.'s time used to include any jewel-
ornament, esp. one worn round the neck ; hence
fig. like 'jewel', ' ;;cm ' E2 v. v. 00, Ham. iv. vii.
9:i the brooch indud And i/eni of all tlie nation.
broocli'd : adorned as wilh a jewel Ant. iv. xiii.
[xv.] 25 not flic imperious .show Of the fnll-fortun d
I'll sar ever slinll He hrooch'd with me.
brood : sits on broejd (in earlier English ' abrood '),
sits lirooding like a hen Ham. in. i. 174.
brooded* : having a brood to watch over John in.
iii. 'rl hroodid untchfulday. ^The coiij. 'brood-
eied '=broad-eyed, is plausible: cf Chapman's
' brode-ey'd loue ' (ciipiioTra Z^r, Iliad viii. 200).
brook sb.: flying at the brook, liawking at the river
witli a goshawk for waterfowl (contrast bibding),
the royal sport of falconry 2H0 ii. i. 1.
brook vl). : to endure, tolerate (freq.) ; cf abrook.
broom-grove' : Tp. iv. i. (iO broom-groves, Whose
sliiidiiir till disiiiissid bachelor lores.
broonistaff i lirst in S.) : broom-handle H8 v. iv. 59
//(((/ came to tlie broomstaff to me.
brother (pi. bnthnn, 3 syll. in Tit. I. i. 89, 348, 357):
often used for 'brother-in-law', e.g. Err. ii. ii.
150 ; also ' lialf-brotlier ' R3 v. iii. 90.
brother-love: brotherly affection H8 v. iii. 172.
brow : properly, the arch of hair over the eye 2H0
I. ii. -i Why doth the great ]>ukt Hatnphrty knit his
brows? ; (hence) pi. the prominences of the fore-
head on either side above the eyes LLL. v. ii. .'i93
Helji ! hold Itis brows.', Ca-s.v. iii. 82 ; sing, the fore-
head Ven. 59 she kiss'd his brow ; fig. aspect, ap-
pearance lH4r\'. iii. 83 6^ this face, This seeming
brow of justice, Mac. iv. iii. 23, Ham. i. ii. 4 our
II hole kingdom To be contracted in one brow of woe.
Brownist : adherent of the sect founded in Eliza-
lieth's reign by Robert Brown, an English Puri-
tan Tw.N. III. ii. 30. [lOS.
bruit sb.: rumour, report 3H6 iv. vii. 64, Tim. v. i.
bruit vb. (1 tlie ordinary sense ; 2, 3 only in S.)
1 to noise abroad, report, rumour IHO ii. iii, 08 I
find lliou art no liss than fame hath bruited.
2 to herald with noise Mac. v. vii. 22 By this great
clatter, one of greatest noti Seems bruited.
3 brtiit again, to echo Ham. i. ii. 127.
brush ; forcible rush, hostile encounter Troil. v.
iii. 34 the b-es of the war ; fig. Tim. iv. iii. 205 with
one winter's b.* ; app. associated with ' bruise '
2H0 V. iii. 3 Aged contusions and all b. of time.
bubble: fig. empty, unsubstantial thing AYL. ii.
vii. 152 Silking flu bubble ripntation, All'sAV. III.
vi. 5 (said of a person).
bubukle : mixture of 'bubo ' and ' carbuncle ' H5
in. vi. Ill (Fluellen's speech).
buck : quantity of clothes put tbroush the ' buck '
or lye ; hence, c^uantity waslu.il 2H0 iv. ii. 52 she
washes bucks ; so buck-basket, dirty-linen
basket Wiv. in. iii. 2, &c.: blocking, w-ashing
Wiv. III. iii. 140.
bucket: come off and on .<iwifter than he that gibbets
on the brtirer's bucket 2H4"ni. ii. 280 : allusion of
doubtful meaning.
buckle (lit. sense ' fasten with a buckle ' is freq.;
also in fig. context Troil. n. ii. 30, Mac. v. ii. 15i
1 buckle in, to limit AYL. in. ii. 141 the stretching of
a span Buckles in his sum of age.
2 to join in close combat ivith IHOi. ii. 95 In single
combat thou shalt buckle with me, IV. iv. 5, v. iii.
28 ; also with blows as c4>j. 3H0 i. iv. .50 (Qqj.
3 to bend under stress or pressure 2H4 i. i. 141
whose Jever-weakend joints . . . buckle under life.
buckler sb.: shield; I give thee the bucklers'{ = l
own that you are the better man) Ado v. ii. 17.
U Similar phrases were 'to yield, lay down the
bucklers ' ; the opposite was expressed by ' to
carry away the bucklers '.
buckler vb. (thrice in S., not otherwise common)
1 to .shield, defend Shr. in. ii. 242 /'// buckler thee
against a million, 2H0 in. ii. 210, 3H0 ni. iii. 99
buckler falsi hood with a pedigree.
■2 to catch or ward off (blows) 3H0 i. iv. 50 (Ff).
Bucklersbury : street of London off Cheapside.
inliabited by herbalists Wiv. in. iii. 79 smell like
Bucklersbury in simple-time.
buckratu : coarse linen stiffened with gum or
paste 1H4 n. iv. 217 two rogues in buckram suits ;
attrib. prob. fig. = stiff, starched, stuck-up 2H0
IV. vii. 28 (with quibble : see say).
buck-washing Wiv. iii. iii. 165 : see buck.
bud sb.: used for ingrafting under the bark of a
different stock Wint. n'. iii. [iv.] 95 make conceive
a bark of baser kind By bud of nobler race ; fig.
.Tohn in. iv. 82 now icill canker-sorrow eat my bud
[i.e. Arthur].
bud vb. : fig. to develop Shr. rv. v. 37 budding virgin,
H8 I. i. 94 The .sudden breach , . . is budded out.
bvidge (old edil. also bouge, boudge) : spec, to flinch
Cor. I. vi. 44, C»s. iv. iii. 44 ; hence budger (S.) :
one who flinches Cor. i. viii. 5 the first budger.
BUDGET -
b\xdget : puucli, wallet Wint. iv. ii. 20 {i\ Buiiyd
rliyining with avouch-il).
btiff: stout leather made of ox-hide, used for the
attire of soldiei's, and (in S.) sergeants and bum-
baililVs Err. rv. ii. 3(5, 1H4 r. ii. 48 is not a buff
jirkin a must sived robe of diinntce?
bug : hobgoblin, bogey, imaginary object of terror
Shr. I. ii. 214 ferir boi/s with bu</s. Ham. v. ii. 22
such buf/s and goblins \ fig. 3Hb v. ii. 2, Cyni. v.
iii. 51 the mortal bugs o' the field ; so bugbear
in lit. sense Troil. iv. ii. 34.
bugle: tube-shaped glass bead, commonly black,
used to ornament wearing apparel ; only attrili.
Wint. IV. iii. [iv.] 224 Bugle-bracelet ; = black
AYL. in. V. 47 bugle cgiballs.
building (2 cf. Err. iii. ii. 4 Shall love, in building,
grow so ruitiousi, Soun. cxix. 11, cxxiv. 5 [mg
deitr love] ivtts builded far from accident)
1 This jewel holds his building ( = keeps its place)
Per. ir. i. 168 (Malone and Steevens biding^).
2 edifice (fig.) Troil. iv. ii. 110 the strong base and
b. of my love. Cor. ir. i. 218 the b-s of mgfancij.
3 build (of a sliip) Sonn. Ixxx. 12 / am a nortiiless
boat, He of tall buddinq.
bulk ' (1 in use 14(30-1720 ; 3 cf. ' the bulke, bellie,
or bodie of a ship ', Cotgr.)
1 trunk, body (of a person) 'B^ii.ixAQ mg pantingh..
Ham. II. i. 95, Lucr. 467 her heart . . . Beating her b.
2 luige body Troil. iv. iv. 128 the great bulk Achilles.
3 hull of a sliip Tw.N. v. i. 59, Troil. i. iii. 37 shallow
bauble boats . . . making their way With those of
nobler bulk, II. iii. 280 (Q and mod. edd. hulks).
bvilk - : framework projectingfrom the front of a
shop Cor. II. i. 229, Otli. v. i. 1 stand behind this b.
Bull : the sign Taurus of the zodiac Tit. rv. iii. 70.
bull-bearing J/Z/o: a celebrated athlete of Crotona,
Italy, said to have carried a four-year-old bullock
on his shoulders for forty yards Troil. ii. iii. 261.
bull-beef: flesh of bulls 1H6 i. ii. 9 their fat bull-
beeves. ^ In 16th-17tli cent. ' bull-beef was an
abusive term for a big blustering fellow.
bully : familiar endearing term = fine fellow ; often
prefixed to a proper name or a designation=gal-
lant Tp. V. i. 258 bully-mnnster, Wiv. i. iii. 6, &c.,
II. iii. 18 bully doctor, MNU. iv. ii. 20 0 sweet hnllg
Bottom .'. H5 IV. i. 48 the lovely bully ; so bully-
rook Wiv. I. iii. 2, &c. (not pre-S.; a common
17tli cent, form was 'bully-rock').
bum-baily : sheriff's officer Tw.N. iii. iv. 197 (some
mud. edd. bum-bailiff, but -baily is the regular
midland form to this day).
bunch-back'd : hunip-backod R3 i. iii. 246 this
jinis'nnus bunch-back'd toad.
bung : ]iickpocket 2H4 ii. iv. 136 you filthy bung.
buoy ((/) (not pre-EIiz.) : to ri.se up Lr. iii. vii. (io.
burden, burthen (old edd. chiefly burthen ; in
several passaaos there is a play between the
sense of ' load " and sense 2 or 3, e.g. Gent. i. ii.
82, R3 IV. iv. 168)
1 freight, carrying capacity of a ship All'sW. ii.
iii. 215 a vessel of too gnat a burden ; frcq. Troil.
I. iii. 71 matter needless, of importless burden.
2 birth (abstract and concrete) Err. i. i. 55, v. i. 345
lore thee at ft burden tiro fair sons, Wint. iv. iii.
[iv.] 266, John iii. i. 90 Pray that their burdens
naiy not fall this day, Sonn. lix. 4.
3 bass or undersong AYL. iii. ii. 263 / would sing
my song without a b.\ fig. Shr. i. ii. 68; refrain
Tp. I. ii. 380 And, sweet sprites, the b. bear, Wint.
IV. iii. [iv.] 195 .si(e/( . . . b-s of dildos.
burden'd: burdensome R3 iv. iv. Ill mg b. yoke.
burdenoiis: oppressive K2 ii. i. 261 b. taxations.
b\irden-wise: a?, a liurden or undersong Lu'-r. 1 133.
burgher: citizen of a borough Meas. i. ii, 108.
25 —BUT
burgomaster: magistrate corresponding to an
alderman 1H4 ii. i. 84 b-s and great oneyirs.
burgonet : light casque or steel cap 2H6 v. i. 200 ;
fig. Ant. I. V. 24 The demi-Atlas of this earth, the
arm And b. of men (Fi burganet).
Burgundy : old edd. also Burgonie, -ony, -uny (H5
V. ii. 68, Lr. i. i. 250), Burgu{i)gne (H5 v. ii. 7).
burial: lias tlie orig. sense of ' burying-place,
grave' (like the older 'buriels', Anglo-Haxon
' byrgels ') in Mer.V. i. i. 29 (fig. of a ship).
burly-boned (common about 1590) : 2H6 iv. x. 60.
burn (the ordinary physical senses are freq.)
1 burn daylight, burn candles in daytime, (hence)
waste time Wiv. ii. i. 54, Rom. l. iv. 43 ; so Ant.
rv. ii. 41 To burn this night with torches.
to make (drink) hot Wiv. ii. i. 222 burnt sack,
Tw.N. II. iii. 209 I'll go burn some sack.
3 intr. and refl. to be on fire, wax hot, glow, con-
sume oneself with love, &c. Gent. ii. v. 56 b. him-
self in love, John iv. ii. 103 b. in indignation, 2H6
v.i. 160, 3H6 1, i. 60, Lr. iv. vi. 41 B. itself out,\iin.
49 He b-s with bashful shame, 50, 810, Compl. 304.
burnish'd: made bright as if by ft-iction Yen. 858
burnish' dejold ; bright like polished metal Mer.V.
II. i. 2 the burnish'd sun.
burr: rough seed-vessel or flower-head of a plant,
esp. the burdock ; (hence) something that clings
like a burr and is difficult to get rid of Meas. iv.
iii. 193 1 am a kind of burr; I shall stick, MND.
III. ii. 260 Hang off, thou cat, thou burr.'
biirthen, &c.: see ijurden.
Burton-heath: supposed to be Bartou-ou-tlic-
heath, in Warwickshire, the liome of one of S.'s
aunts Shr. Ind. ii. 19.
bury : often in fig. use (not pre-S.), to consign to
oblivion, put out of sight, conceal 3H6 iv. i. 55 in
your bride you bury brotherhood, Cxs. ii. i. Ii faces
buried in their cloaks, iv. iii. 158 In this [bowl of
wine] I bury all unkindness.
bush : bush of ivy hung out as a vintner's sign
AY^L. Epil. 4 good wine needs no bush (cf. line 6).
buskin'd (first in S.) : shod with buskins or half-
boots MND. II. i. 71 i'oiir buskin'd mistress.
busky : bosky, bushy 1H4 v. i. 2 you busky hill.
buss sb. and vb. : kiss John in. iv. 35, 2H4 ii. iv. 2'.il ;
fig. Tr^il. IV. V. 219 Yondtoinrs, whose icanton tops
do buss the clouds, Cor. in. ii. 75 Thy knee bussing
the stones.
busyless t : Theobald's emendation of Fi busie lest
in Tp. III. i. 15 ; others read with Singer busiestf.
but (the foil, uses are now obs. or archaic)
1 after negative sentences containing a comparison :
= than MND. I. ii. 84 they would have no more
discretion but to hang tis, Tw.N. I. iv. 13 Thou,
know'st no less but all.
2 =only Tp. l. ii. 169 Would I might But ever see that
num.'. Err. iv. i. 33 he . . . stays but for it, 0th. iv.
i. 88 / saij, but mark his ijestare ; used redun-
dantly with only, 2H4 l. i. 192, 3H6 IV. ii. 25,
Mac. V. vii. 69 [viii. 40].
3 but now, just now, only this moment Mer.V. in.
ii. 170 even now, but non',\en. 497 Bat now I liv'd ;
so Tp. iii. ii. 130 but while-ere. Yen. 1026 but late.
4 = anything but, othenvisc than Tp. i. ii. 119 /
should sin To think but nobly of my grandmother ;
so after cannot MND. ill. ii. 56 It cannot be but
thou hast nmrder'd him.
5 = if . . . not, unless, except MND. iii. ii. 150
Can you not hate me, . . . But yon must join in
souls to mock me too?, Cym. v. v. 41 And, but she
spoke it dying, I would not Believe her lips ; Tp. l.
ii. 91 but by being so retir'd. Ant. iv. x. 10 [xi. 1]
But being charg'd (-■ if we are not ( haiged) :
1 Gent. I. i. 86 it shall go hard but I'll prove it,
BUTCHER
Mfi-.V. II. vi. b2 Bexlircw hit, hut I lore her liectr/ilij ;
similiirly hut that Tp. i. ii. 4.
6 ~ who, which, or that . . . not (fieq.) 1H6 i. ii. 5
What towns of any vioxtent hut we have ?, K3 j. in.
186 No man hut prophesied revewjefor it.
7 = that . . . not, esp. after verbs of thinking,
(loubtina, &c. Tp. iii. i. 44, MND. in. ii. 298 (hut
that), 1H4 IV. iii. 38, 0th. iii. iii. 225.
8 =tliat, after negatived verb of denying Ado i.
iii. 33, All'sW. v. iii. 168.
butcher: man of Moo i, brutal murderer AYL. iii.
V. Ii tijnoifs, h-s, iiiiinhrers, John iv. ii. 269 h. of
,n> n,',ii,r, nl ehihl. R3 V. iv. 39 [v. 26] b. to the sire.
■butcherly : murderous 3H6 ii. v. 89 how fell, how b.
toiitcher-sire : murderous father Ven. 766.
hutt ' : cask for wine or ale containing two hogs-
licads Tp. II. ii. 130 ; fig. Troil. v. i. 32*. ^ In Tp.
I. ii. 146 (if doubtful meaning (mod. edd. boati).
butt = : mark for archery practice, properly a mound
or other erection on which the target is set up
H5 I. ii. 186 To which is fixed, as an aim or butt.
Obedience, 3H6 l. iv. 29 1 am your butt, and J abide
your shot ; (hence) goal, object Otli. v. ii. 266 my
jiiunii !i's t lid . . . nil/ butt. See also butt-shaft.
butt-' : laiUiiig iif a iKjrned animal Shr. v. ii. 41.
butt-end: iii;. tlie concluding part, fag-end K3 ii.
ii. 110 the hiitt-uid of a mutlur's blessiny.
butterfly: vain, gauilily attired person (e.g. one
who (hitters about a cciurt) Lr. v. iii. 13 we'll . . .
I, null, At ijihhd hiifln-Jlus.
buttery: ori^;. stnie-iciom for liquor, later for
piiivisions generally Shr. Ind. i. 102; buttery-
bar, ledge on the top of the buttery hatch or lialf-
door, to rest tankards on Tw.N. i. iii. 75 briny
your hand to the butlery-har and let it drink.
button (1 the origin of the phrases is doubtful)
1 'lis III his buttons, he has fortune at his command,
is sure to succeed Wiv. iii. ii. 74; butcher of a
silk button, expert fencer Bom. n. iv. 25.
2 knob on the top of a cap Ham. ii. ii. 237 On For-
tune's cap tee are not the very button.
3 bud Ham I. iii. 40 before their buttons be disclos'd.
button-hole : take (a person) a button-hole lower,
liumiliate, take down a peg LLL. v. ii. 7u5.
butt-shaft: unbarbed arrow used in shooting at
the butts ; aiiiilieil tci Cupid's dart LLL. I. ii. 184,
Iiom. H. iv. 17 //)(; blind hoiv-hoy's bntt-sliaft.
buxom (twice in R.) : lively, brisk H5 m. vi. 27 of b.
iiiloiir, Per. i. Gower 23 h., blithe, and full of face.
buy (sense 2 (i) is obs.)
1 hill/ mill Sill, barter, traffic with, in a ba'l sense
118 1, i. l'.)2 lliiis h. inidsill his honour ; so hnui/ht and
sold, betrayed Err. iii. i. 72, John v. iv. 10, R3 v.
iii. 306 bie'Uon thy master is bouijht and sold.
2 buy out, (i) ransom, redeem EiT. I. ii. 5 not bciny
able to buy out his life ; (ii) get rid of by a money
payment John in. i. 164 the curse that money may
buy out, 1H4 IV. ii. 24 houyht out their services
( = paid money to be release<l from service in the
army). Ham. in. iii. CO Jiiiys oitt the law.
buzz sb.: baseless rumoiu-Lr. i. iv. SbOEuch b., each
fancy ; so buzzing' H8 II. i. 148, and buzzer,
one who whispers talcs in the ear Ham. iv. v. 90
buzzers to infect his ear With pestilent speeches.
buzz : exclamation of impatience or contempt when
a ]ierson tells a well-known i)iece of news Ham.
II. ii. 421 ; ? also in Shr. ii. i. 207 (Ff should be,
should: huzze).
buzzard' : inlirior kind of hawk, useless for fal-
conry Shr. n. i. 208 0 sloir-irinf/'d turtle! shall a
hiizs'iird laki Ihir '! , h'3 i. i. 133. Tj The derived fig.
sense uf ' .simpleton ' is supposed by some to be
re|iiesciitcd in Shr. II. i. 207: but cf. next word.
buzzard-^ : hwLuws insect (?) Shr. ii. i. 207, 209.
26 — CA.I.I.
by prep, (the following uses are now obs.)
1 about, concerning Ado v. i. 316 virtuous In any-
thin;/ that Ida know by her, 2H6 ii. i. 16, Otli. i. iii.
17 Jliiir siiy you by tliis chanye ?
2 by reason ot 3H6 iv. iv. 12 Fell Warwick's brother,
and by that our foe.
by- in comb.: by-dcpendances, additional or secon-
dai-y circumstances Cym. v. v. 391, by-drinkinys,
drinking at odd times 1H4 in. iii. 84, by-peepiiiy,
looking aside Cym. i. vi. 108, hy-room (first in S.),
side or private room 1H4 ii. iv. 32.
by'r lady (old edd. by'r Lady, hirladie, byrlady, ber
Lady, herlady) : by our Lady (freq.).
cabin sb. (1 in use 1400-1650 ; 2 was common Eliz.)
1 temporary shelter of slight materials Tw.N. i. v.
289 a willow cabin, Pilgr. xiv. 3 [183].
2 den of a wild beast Ven. 637 let him [i. e. the boar]
keep his loathsome cabin; cave, (hence) ajiplied
to the eye-socket Ven. 1038.
cabin vb. (1 cf. 2 of prec. ; 2 echoed by mod. writers)
1 to lodge Tit. iv. ii. 181 And cabin in a cave.
2 to shut up within narrow bounds Mac. in. iv. 24
cahin'd, cribb'd, confin'd.
cabinet (1 common term in military writers of the
Kith cent.; 2 cf. cabin sb. 2)
1 tent Lucr. 442 They, musteriny to the quiet cabinet
[i. e. the lieart].
2 bird's nest Ven. 864 From his [i.e. the lark's]
moist cabinet.
cable : yivt him cable, allow him scope 0th. i. ii. 17.
cacodemon : evil spirit R3 i. iii. 144.
caddis : short for ' caddis ribbon ', worsted tape or
binding used for garters. &c. Wint. iv. iii. [iv.]
208 ; so caddis-garter 1 H4 n. iv. 80.
cade: barrel ol ."lOO heiiin^s 2H6 iv. ii. 36.
cadent : falling Lr. i. iv. 309 cadent tears.
Cadmus: founder of Thebes MND. iv. i. 118.
caduceus: wand, having two serpents twined
lound it, fabled to have been carried by Hermes
(Mercury), the messenger of the gods Troil. ii. iii.
13 the sirpintine craft of thy caditrrus.
Caesar: absolute ruler, Vnij'u'Vnr (first in S.) 3H6
in. i. 18 iXo hi-nilimi him mil mil II,,, Cisitr now,
K3 IV. iv. 337 sul, ri,-h;sx, Cisur's Ci s,ir. [ii. .V.).
cage : prise m for petty malefactors, lock-up 2H6 iv.
caged : closed like a cage (S.) Compl. 249.
Cain-coloured: of the reputed colour of Cain's
liair, i.e. 'red' Wiv. i. iv. 23* a C. beard (Ff Q3
Cain(c, Qqi2 kane, some mod. edd. cane-).
caitifF= wretch (2 tliriee as freq. as 1)
1 expressing pity 0th. iv. i. 109 Alas ! poor caitiff!
2 expressing contempt Meas. 11. i. 187 0 thou c! 0
thou varlet! ; also attrib. E2 i. ii. 63 A c. recreant.
cake : (one's) cake is donyh, one's pi-oject lias failed
Slir. I. i. 109, V. i. 146.
calendar (1 not post-S. ; 2 not pre-S.)
1 guide, directory Ham. v. ii. 115 he is the card or
calendar of yentry (' the general preceptor of ele-
gance ', Johnson).
2 record AU'sW. l. iii. 5 the c. (jf my past endiavours.
calf: term of endearment Wiiit. i. ii. 128 .1)/ thou
my calf? ; stupid fellow, dolt Ham. in. ii. 112.
caliver: light kind of musket or harquebus, in-
tidduced during the Kith cent., which seems to
Jiave been the lightest portable fire-arm. except-
ing the pistol, and to liave been fired without a
' rest ' 1H4 iv. ii. 21, 2H4 in. ii. 292, 29,'-).
call sli.: decoy-bird John in. iv. 174 they would he
as a call To train ten thousand F.nylish to thiir side.
call vli. (1 only S.; 2 a few uses only are given here)
1 ='call upon,' to visit (a jKison) at his house
CAI.I.ET —
Meas. IV. iv. 18 I'll call you at your house, Tw.X.
III. ii. 58 We'll call thee at the cttbiculo.
2 witli preps, and advs. : call back, (i) to summon
to return (^ent. i. ii. 49 ; (ii) to revoke H8 ii. iv.
232 to call back Iter appeal ; (iii) to recall to memory
Sonn. iii. 10 she in thee Calls back the lovely April
of her prime \ call in, to withdraw from action
2H4 IV. iii. 28 Call in Ihcponers : call on or upon,
(i) to make a claim upon (a person) for pajTiient
1H4 V. i. 130, Tim. ii. ii. 22 3ty master is aiiak'd by
great occasion To call upon his own ; (ii) to impeach,
"challenge Ant. I. iv. 28* ; or ? = (i).
callet, -at, -ot : lewd woman, trull 0th. iv. ii. 121 ;
? = scold Wint. II. iii. 90 A callet 0/bottndltss tonyiie.
callings (late instance of the sense) : name, appel-
lation AYR. I. ii. 250 / am more proud to be Sir
lioukDuVs son, . . . and would not change that c.
calm sb.: confused-vvith qualm 2H4 ii. iv. 39-41.
calm vb. (rare outside S.): to becalm (a ship) 2Ht) rv.
ix. 33 (F4 c((lm'd, Fi calme, F., claiiiid, Y^claiin'd) ;
0th. I. i. 30 be-lee'd and calm'd (? for ' becalm'd ').
Calydon : the prince of Cahjdon (2H6 i. i. 230) =
Meleager (son of ffineus of Calydon and Althwa),
wliom the Fates decreed to die when a certain
log on the hearth was burnt.
Cambyses: 1H4 11. iv. 430 in King Cambyses' rein,
in the ranting style of ' King Cambyses, a lament-
able Tragedy, mixed ful of pleasant mirth ' by
Tlionias Preston, 1569-70.
camel : great awkward hulking fellow Troil. i. ii.
209, ir. i. 59 do, rudeness ; do, camel ; do, do.
Camelot: Lr. 11. ii. 89 Goose . . . I'd driie ye cackling
home to Camelot* ; not yet satisfactorily cx-
I'lained : see the commentators.
camlet: a fabric which has varied considerably
in material ; in 16th and ITth cent, made of the
hair of the Angora goat H8 v. iv. 95 (Fi chambld).
camp vb.: to serve as a lodging for Ant. iv. viii. 33
Had our great palace the capacity To camp this host.
can vb.' (i instances with apparent pronominal
object, as all I can, such as I can, I ctot )io more,
are probably to be regarded as due to ellipsis ol
the infinitive 'do')
1 trans, to know, he skilled in Phan. 14 the priest
in surplice white That defunctiie music can.
2 intr. to be skilled Ham. iv. vii. 84 they can well on
horseback (Ft ran).
can vb.2 : altered form of ' gan ', past tense of ' gin '
= to begin, used for 'did' LLL. iv. iii. 100 the wind
. . . can passage find. Per. ill. Gower 36 And enry
one with claps can sound.
canakin : small can or drinking-vessel 0th. 11. iii.
72 let me the cnnaki)i clink, clink.
canary sb. (1 the idea of the dance is said to have
lieen borrowed fi'oiu the Canary Islands)
1 lively Spanish dance All'sW. 11. i. 77.
2 light sweet wine from the Canary Islands AViv.
III. ii. 92, Tw.N. i. iii. 88, 2H4 11. iv. 29.
canary vb.: to dance a 'canary' LLL. iii. i. 13
ciinary to it with your feet.
cancel: c. off (Ft), strike off, annul Per. i. i. 113
We might proceed to c. off your days (Qq counsel
of, JIalone cancel off, taking c. as sb.; but the sb.
is not recorded in this sense till the 19th cent.).
Cancer: the fourth of the signs of the zodiac, whicli
the sun enters at the summer solstice, June 21
Troil. 11. iii. 208 add more coals to Cancer.
candidatns: candidate for office in Rome (proper-
ly = one clothed in white) Tit. i. i. 185 lie ciindi-
datus then, and put it on [viz. This palliament of
wliite and spotless Inie, line 182].
ca.ndied (2 not common outside S.)
i crystallized with frost Tim. iv. iii. 227 the cold
bruok, C. (i.ilh tct ; (hence) congealed Tp. 11. i. 267".
27 -CAP
2 sugared, honied Ham. iii. ii. 65 the candied ionrjue.
candle (3 of. candle-holder)
1 applied to the heavenly luminaries Rom. iii. v. 9
Sight's candles are burnt out, Mac. 11. i. 5.
2 applied to the 'light' of life 3H6 11. vi. 1 Here
burns my c. out, Mac. v. v. 23 Out, out, briif c. !
3 hold a candle to, assist at Mer.V. 11. vi. 41.
candle-case: case to keep candles in Shr. 111. ii. 47.
candle-holder: one who lights others at their
Work ; (heuce) a mere looker-on Kom. i. iv. 38 /'//
be a candle-holdir, and look on.
candle-mine : magazine of tallow 2H4 11. iv. 328.
candle-waster : one who wastes candles by late
stuly, buokwunu Ado v. i. 18.
candy t : use^l as adj. =sugared 1H4 1. iii. 251 candy
deal of courtesy : see caudie.
cane-coloured (?) : see Cain-coloured.
canker (1 fig. ? sometimes to be referred to 2)
1 eating, spreading sore or ulcer, usu. fig. John v.
ii. 14 the inveterate canker of one wound, 2H6 i. ii.
18 the canker of ambitious thoughts, Tim. iv. iii. 49.
2 ' worm ' that destroys buds and leaves, also fig.
(freq.) Gent. i. i. 43, MND. 11. ii. 3, Rom. 11. iii. 30,
Ham. I. iii. 39 The cankir galls the infants of the
spring, v. ii. 09 tins cankir of our nature, Sonn.
XXXV. 4 ; hence canker-bit, worm-eaten Lr. v.
iii. 124, canker-sorrow John m. iv. 82.
3 dog-rose Ado i. iii. 28 / had ratliir be a canker in
a hedge than a rose in his grace, 1H4 i. iii. 176 ; hence
canker-bloom Sonn. liv. 5.
canker-blossom : worm that ' cankers ' the blos-
som [of love] MND. III. ii. 282.
cankered (2 and 3 very freq. in the 16th cent.)
1 rusted, corroded, tarnislied 2H4 iv. v. 70 The
canker'd heaps of strange-achieved gold.
2 infected with evil, corrupt Cor. iv. v. 97 I'll fight
against my canker'd country.
3 malignant John 11. i. 194, 1H4 i. iii. 137, Rom. i.
i. 101 your canker'd hate.
Cannibals: error for 'Hannibals' 2H4 ii. iv. 179.
canon: properly, lawor decree of the Church ; the
oiHOit = canon law All'sW. i. i. 160 self-love, which
is the most inliibited sin in the canon ; (hence) law
or rule in general LLL. i. i. 260, Ham. i. ii. 132
fij'd His canon 'gainst self-slaughter.
cano nize : to place in the canon of saints John in.
I. 177, 2H0 I. iii. 63 : fig. to enrol among famous
persons Troil. 11. ii. 202 Anilfaiiu: in time to come
canonize us.
cano'niz'd: buried according to tlie Church's rule
Ham. 1. iv. 47 thy canoniz'd bones, hearsed in death.
canopy : S. is earliest for the application of the sb.
to ' the firmament ' Cor. rv'. v. 41, Ham. 11. ii. 318,
and for the use of canopy vb. Sonn. xii. 6, and
canopied Cjtii. ii. ii. 21, Lucr. 398.
canstick : candlestick 1H4 in. i. 130 a brazen c.
cantherizing' : see cauterizixg.
cantle : part, lit. corner-piece 1H4 iii. i. 101 (Qq
sainlh) ; segment of a sphere Ant. lu. viii. 10 [x.
0] The greater cantle of the world.
canton: "song Tw.N. i. v. 291 Write loyal cantons.
canvas-climber : sailor that goes aloft to trim
sails Per. iv. i. 01 washes off A canvas-climber.
canvass : to toss in a canvas sheet as a sport or
punishment, (hence) to deal with severely 2H4
II. iv. 242, 1H6 I. iii. 36.
canzonet : short song LLL. iv. ii. 125.
cap [■-, probably with allusion to the fool's cap)
1 phrases with ref. to : (i) throwing the cap into
the air in token of joy R3 in. vii. 35 hurl'd up
their c-s. Cor. 11. i. 117 Take my c, Jupiter, Ham.
IV. V. 107 C-s, hands, and tongues applaud it.
(ii) wearing trinkets or favours in the hat 2H4
I. ii. 17 IhoH art filler to be worn in my cap [\. e.
CAPABLB
28
-CARSUUS BENEDICTUS
because of his smalluess] ; fig. All'sW. ii. i. 54
tiny wear thtmsehes in the cap of the time ( = are an
ornament to it), Ham. iv. vii. 77 A very rihnnd
in the cap of youth.
(iii) doffing tlie cap as a mark of courtesy or ser-
vility 1H4 IV. iii. 68, 2H4 ll. ii. 127 as reudy as a
horrower's cap. Cor. ii. i. 78 nmbdious for poor
knaves' c-s and leys, Tim. lii. vi. 108, Cym. in. iii. 25.
(iv) throw their c-s at, give up for lost Tim. ni. iv. 102.
2 cardinal's biretta 1H6 v. i. 33 He'll make his cap
co-equal with the crown, H8 in. ii. 283.
3 top, bead, chief Tim. iv. iii. 365 the cap of all the
fnols alite ; cf. Ham. u. ii. 237.
capable (1 and 2 now obs. ; 3 arcliaic, the most freq.
iu S.; 4 and 5 (obs. legal) recorded first from S.)
1 able to take in much, comprehensive 0th. ui. iii.
460 a capable and wide revenge.
2 sensible, impressible AYL. in. v. 23 The . , . cap-
able im2)ressure Thy pahn some moments keeps,
Ham. III. iv. 126 Would make tliem [i.e. stones\c.
3 capable of, apt to be affected by or receive the im-
pression of, open or susceptible to Tp. i. ii. 353
Beniy capable of all ill, All'sW. I. i. 107, 227, Wint.
IV. iii. [iv.] 793 capable of things serious, John in.
i. 12 capable of fears, 2H4 I. "i. 172, H8 v. iii. 11
capable Of our flesh (= susceptible of being in-
fluenced by our fleshly nature). Ham. in. ii. 13.
4 having intelligence or ability, gifted E3in. i. 155
ingenious, forward, capable, Troil. m. iii. '3V6 his
horse . . . tlie more capable creature.
5 capable of, qualified to hold or possess Lr. n. i. 87.
capacity (2 the general sense ' ability' is freq.)
1 ))Ower of receiving orcontainingTw.X.i. i. 10/////
c. Receivelh asthe sea, H8 n. iii. 31, Ant. iv. viii. 32.
2 to my capaciti), as far as I am able to understand
MNU. V. i. 10.5.
cap-a-pe : from head to foot Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 764,
Ham. I. ii. 200.
Capet ^ Hush Capet, the first French king of the
CapL-tian dynasty (a.d. 987-996) H5 i. ii. 78.
capital (' punisliable by death ' the most freq. use)
1 chief, principal 1H4 ni. ii. 110 military title capital,
H5 V. ii. 96 She is our capital demand.
2 deadly, fatal Cor. v. iii. 104.
Capitol : the great national temple of Rome, de-
ilicated to Jupiter Optimus Maximus, on the
.Saturnian or Tarpcian (afterwards Capitoline)
Hill Cor. I. i. 50, &c., Cses. l. i. 67, &c.
capitulate : to draw up ai-ticles of agreement,
propose terms 1H4 in. li. 120, Cor. v.iii. 82.
capon (in AYL. n. vii. ITA the justice. In fair round
In II y irifh good capon lin'd, there is a ref. to the
•capon justices', as they were called, i.e. corrupt
magistrates vho wore bribed by gifts of capons)
1 like Fr. 'pou1ct'=liJve-letter LLL. iv. i. 56.
2 as a type of dullness Err. in. i. 32, Cym. li. i, 26.
capriccio (Fi Cnprirlno) : caprice All'sW. ii. iii. 310.
capriciotis : chaj'acterized by play of wit or fancy,
laiitastic, 'conceited' AYL. in. iii. 8 the most
liiprii ions poet, honest Ovid (with allusion to the
Latin 'capra' goat, whence 'capricious').
captain sb. (the ordinary military senses are freq.;
three syllables in .3H6 rv. vii. 30, Mac. i. ii. 34)
1 chief, head (fig. from military senses) R2 iv. i. 99
Ins c. Christ. Lucr. 271 Affection is my c, and he
li'uhth : Rom. n. iv. 21 the . . . c. of compliments ;
used of women 3H6 n. vi. 75, 0th.' n. i. 74.
2 subordinate officer (fig.) R2 iv. i. 126 the fgurc of
(li)d's majesty. His c, sli iiard, R3 v. iii. 109. [ii. 7(1
3 (aiuiliar term of address Wint. i. ii. 123, Tim. n.
captain adj.: chief, princij)al Sonn. lii. 8.
captain- general : commander-in-chief Troil. iii.
lii. L'NJ.
captious: capacious (fj.i AU'sW. i. iii. 210.
captivate vb.: to take prisoner, make captive LLL.
in. i. 131 ; fig. to subjugate, subdue 3H6 1. iv. 115 ;
to fascinate, charm Ven. 281.
captivate ppje.: made prisoner, captured lH6n.
lii. 42, V. iii. 107 women have been c. ere note.
captive adj. and sb.: often used in the sense of
' (one) vanquished ' LLL. iv. i. 76, Troil. v. iii. 40.
captiv'd : taken captive H5 ii. iv. 55.
car : the chariot of the sun-god (freq.) MND. i. ii.
38. "^ With Tw.N. n. v. 72 Though our sihnce be
drawn from us with cars, which has given rise to
many conj.: cf. Gent. in. i. 266 Yet I am in lot: ;
hut a ten III of horse shall not pluck that from me.
carack, caract : see carkack, chakact.
carat (2 is confu.sed with charact)
1 measure of weight used for gold Err. iv. i. 28 How
much your chain weighs to theutmost c. (Fi charect).
2 proportional measure of ^th used in stating the
fineness of gold 2H4lv. v. 160 Other [gold], less fine
in carat (Ffi2 3 Charract, F4 Carracl, Q karrat).
caraway : sweetmeat containing caraway-seeds,
caraway comfit 2H4 v. iii. 3 a dish <if laramajs.
carbonado sb.: meat scored across' and broiled
1H4 V. iii. 61, Cor. iv. v. 199 scotched him and
notcliid him like a carbonado.
carbonado vb.: to make a carbonado of Wint. iv,
iii. [iv.] 207 toads carbovadixd ; (hence) to cut,
hack, slash All'sW. iv. v. 108 your carbonadoed
face, Lr. ir. ii. 42 I'll so carbonado your shanks.
cairbuncled : adorned with carbuncles (red or fiei-j-
precious stones) Ant. r\'. viii. 28 carbuncled Lil;e
holy Fhnbus' car (cf. Cym. v. v. 190 had it been a
carbuncle Of I'liabus' wheel).
carcanet : collar or necklace of gold or set with
jewels Err. ni. i.4 (Fi -kanet), Sonn. lii. 8 ((J -com /i.
card sb. d always in fig. phrases ; 2 cf. ' That law
... is the card to guide the world by ', Hookeri
1 playing-card John v. ii. 105 the best cards for the
game. Tit. V. i. 100 As sure a card as ever won the
set ; — card of ten, card with ten pips, hence phr.
fac'd it with a card of ten, put on a bold front
Shr. II. i. 399 (cf. the use of ' facing-card ' in the
17th cent. = imposing allegation or argument);
— cooling ceird, app. term 01 some lost card-game,
used fig. =somefhing that cools one's ardour 1H6
v. iii. 84 ; — Pack'd cards with, made a fraudulent
arrangement with Ant. iv. xii. [xiv.] 19.
2 card on which the 32 points are marked in the
manner's conqiass 'Mac. i. iii. 17 All the ejtuirters
that tliey limn- V the sliijiinan's card; fig. guide,
directory Ham. v. ii. 11.5 the card or calenelar of
gentry ; speak by tiiecard, to be exact to a point,
express oneself with nicety Ham. v. i. 148.
card vb.: to mix with sometliiiig base lH4lir. ii. 62
he. . .crirdtd his s/ali, Mimpnl his royally with
capering fools. "^ The word was in use from 1590
to lii35 for mixing difi'ercnt kinds of drink.
cardecu [Fr. ' quart d'i'cu ' (juarter of a crown] :
old French silver coin eij^uivalent to about eigli-
tcen pence All'sW. IV. iii. 314, v. ii. .35.
carder : one "who ' cards ' wool, i.e. combs out its
impurities H8 r. ii. 33.
cardinal rirtuis: tlie four ' natural " virtues.justice,
piudence, teniircraiHc. foi'titude, to which some
aild the three ' tbenlogical ' virtues, faith, hope,
and charity, making in all seven H8 in i. 103 /
thought ye . . . tiro rrrercnel c. virtues ; But c. sins
. . . i fear ye (with pun on the title of ' cardinal ').
cardirally: luimoi-ous perversion of 'carnally'
Meas. II. i. S2 a inmiaii nirdinally giioi.
card-maker : maki r uf ' cards ' for combing woo!
Shr. liul. ii. 20.
Cardiius Benedictus : the Blessed Thistle, noted
tor its medicinal properties Ado in. iv. 72.
CABE-
care occurs in various proverbs and phrases : care
kilhd a cat Ado v. i. 136 ; past curt . . . past care
LLL. V. ii. 28, Sonn. cxivii. 9 \—haie ia) care, be
attentive, pay attention, take care Tp. i. i. 10,
Wiv. IV. V. 77, Ado i. ii. 30, iii. iii. 43, MND. xv. i.
15 ; Tw.N. III. iv. 70, Per. iv. i. 49 \—ktep or make
a care of, care tor Tp. ii. i. 311, Wint. iv. iii.
[iv.] 367."
career (old edd. also careire, car(r)ier, carre(r{,i)
1 sliort gallop at full speed Wiv. i. i. 185' and so
conclusions passed the c-s (referred by some to 2),
Ado V. i. 138 I shall mid your irit in the c.
2 ' tlie short turning of a nimble horse, now tliis
way, now that way ' (.Baret) ; transf. frisk, gam-
bol H5 II. i. 133 Jte passes some humours and c-s.
3 running, course ; esp. tig. rapid ami continuous
course of action^Ado li. iii. 262' aire a man from
the c. of his humour, LLL. v. ii. 483 Full iiietTili/
Hath . . . this c. been run, Wint. i. ii. 286 stopping
the c. Ofluuijhttr, R2 i. ii. 49, H5 in. iii. 23.
careful : out of 25 instances, four, or at most five,
liave the sense 'full of care or anxiety " Err. v. i.
299, Ii2 11. ii. 75 careful business, H5 iv. i. 251 oar
careful nives, R3 l. iii. 83 him thatrais'dme to this
careful lui(/ht ; Tw.X. rv. ii. 11 a careful man
(? = careworn from much study).
careless it he sense ' heedless ' is the most freq.)
1 free fnnu care or anxiety Wiv. v. v. 58 Ship she
as situiid as careless infancij, Troil. v. v. 40, Ham.
IV. vii. 79.
2 uncared-for Mac. i. iv. 11 a careless trifie ; All's W.
II. iii. 170 the careless lapse Of yenith and iynorance
(? read, with Dycc, curelessi; cf. Mer.V. iv. i. 142).
care-tun'd : tuned to the key of sorrow R2 ui. ii.
92 iinj carc-tun'd tunijue.
carl : countryman, peasant, churl Cym. v. ii. 4 ; so
carlot aYL. hi. v. 108.
carnation' : flesh-colour H5 n. iii. 35 A' could never
abide carnation ; attrib. LLL. in. i. 153 carnation
riband. % By association with the next word tlie
meaning has passed into 'carnation-coloured'.
carnation- : any cultivated variety of the clove-
pink, Dianthus caryoidiyllus Wint. iv. iii. [iv.]
82. % An earlier form was ' coronation '.
carol : (1) song AYL. v. iii. 28 ; (2) song of religious
joy MND. 11. i. 102 with hymn or carol blest.
carouse sb.: cupful of liquor drunk 'all out ' [Ger-
man ' gar aus "], full bumper, toast Shr. i. ii. 280,
Ant. IV. viii. 34 ; so carouse vb. (freq.).
carpet: on carpet consideration, as a mere carpet-
knight, whose achievements belong to the lady's
boudoir or the drawing-room Tw.X. ni. iv. 261 ;
so carpet-mong'er Ado v. ii. 33.
car(r)ack : large ship of burden, such as those
formerly used by the Portuguese in trading with
the East Indies Err. ni. ii. 141 armadoes of c-s,
(Ff carracts, -ects), Otli. i. ii. 50 a land cnrack
(Qi carrick, Ff 2 3 4 carrac, Fi carraci, Q 2 ~ cnrrinct).
carriag'e (5 and 6 not always distiuguisliable)
1 act ofcari-ying, being canied, conveyance Cym.
HI. iv. 190 suspiclnl of I'onr c. from the court.
2 power of, or capacity for, cairyiug (with quiljble
on sense 5 or 6) LLL. i. ii. 76, Rom. 1. iv. 95.
3 execution, conduct, management Wint. in. i. 17,
Troil. II. iii. 141 The . . . whole c. of this action.
4 manner of carrying one's body, bodily deport-
ment 1H4 II. iv. 472 a cheerful look . . a most noble c.
5 demeanour, behaviour Eit. hi. ii. 14 Teach sin the
carriaije of a holy saint, LLL. V. ii. 307 And their
rouijh carriaye so ridiculous.
6 moral conduct LLL. i. ii. 74 (see 2), Tim. in. ii. 89
/(',s- . . . illustrious virtue, And honourable carriaye.
7 burden, load Tp. v. i. 3 (hue Goes upriyht with his
carriaye, AViv. 11. ii. 183 easuiy me of the carriaye.
29 -CASE
8 import, bearing Ham. l. i. "ii carriaye of the article.
9 vehicle John v. vii. 90; = gun-carriage H5 iii.
Chor. 26 ; fig. Compl. 22 her lieell'd eyes their c. ndi .
10 used for: hanger of a sword Ham. v. ii. 157, &c.
carrier : messenger Wiv. 11. ii. 143, Tit. iv. iii. 85.
carrion (2 (i) is still in midland dialect use)
1 dead putrefying flesh Ham. 11. ii. 184 ;/ the sun
breed mayyots i)l a dead day, beiny a yod kissing t. ;
also attrib. carrion men C'ws. iii. i. 275 ; esp. =
feeding on carrion, e. g. carrion Jties Rom. 111. iii.
35, carrion kites 2H6 v. ii. 11.
2 used contemptuously (i) of a living person, as
being no better than carrion Wiv. iii. iii. 204,
H5 IV. ii. 39 I'oii island carrions, Rom. iii. v. 157,
C'£es. II. i. 130 Old feeble carrions ; (ii) the living
human body, the flesh Mer.V. in. i. 38 Out upon
it, old carrion! rebels it at these years?; attrib.
Mer.V. IV. i. 41 .4. weight of carrion flesh.
3 epithet of Death personitied Mer.V. 11. vii. 63 .1
carrion Death ; cf. John 111. iv. 33 a carrion monster
like thyself [\.ii. Death].
carry (the "chief fig. uses are the foil.)
1 to win, obtain Cor. 11. i. 257 rather Than carry it
[i. e. the consulship] by the suit 0' the yentry ; so
carry it, win the day Wiv. 111. ii. 73 he will cam) 'f
All's W. IV. i. 30, Oth. i. i. 67 Wtat a full fortune
does the thick-lips owe ( = possess). If he can carry 't
til us.'
2 to take by assault, conquer AU'sW. m. vii. 19 Lays
down his wanton siege before liir beauty, liesolv'dto
carry her, Cor. rv. vii. 27 think you he'll c. Home?
3 to conduct, manage Meas. ni. i. 269, Adoiv. i. 212,
MND. HI. ii. 240 This sport, well carried, Lr. v. iii.
37 carry ii so As I hare set it down ; refl. to behave
or conduct oneself All'sW. rv. iii. 121, H8 11. iv.
141 like her true nobility, she has Carried herself
towards me ; so also carry it, conduct matters,
behave, act Tw.N. iii. iv. 152 we may c. it thus.
4 to endure, put up with Rom. iv. v. 120, Lr. in. ii.
48 man's nature cannot carry The affliction.
carry it away, cany the day Rom. in. i. 79,
Ham. II. ii. 385 ; carry out my side, win my game
Lr. V. i. 61 ; carry through itself, be successful
Lr. I. iv. 3.
carry-tale: tale-bearer LLL. v. ii. 464, Yen. 657.
cart sb. (1 cf. CART vb.; 2 cf. car)
1 cart used for conveying criminals to the gallows,
and for the public exposure and chastisement of
ott'enders 1H4 11. iv. 654.
2 chariot of the sun-god Ham. iii. ii. 167 Phabus' c.
cart vb.: to cai'ry in a cart througli the streets by
way of punishment or public exposure Shr. i. i. 56.
carve (2 first in S.; 3 only S.; cf. mince)
1 to form, fashion Ado 11. iii. \Sc-ing the fashion of
a niir doublet, Shr. IV. iii. 89 c-'d like an apple-tart.
2 Cane for himself, indulge himself Ham. i. iii. 20 ;
so carve for his own rag» Oth. 11. iii. 175.
3 to show great courtesy and aft'ability (Schmidt)
Wiv. I. iii. 47 she discourses, she carves, LLL. v. ii.
324 }[c can carve too, and lisp.
ca,jrve&.-bone face : LLL. v. li. 616 ; ? carved bone-face.
carver : Be his own career, take or choose at his own
discretion R2 n. iii. 144.
casesb.' (senses 'contingency 'and 'state of things'
arc freq.; 'grammatical case' Wiv. iv. i. 47)
1 condition, circumstances ; in c. to, in a position to
Tp. m. ii. 30 ; in good c., well off 2H4 11. i. 119.
2 state of facts legally considered, statement of the
facts ' sub judice ', cause or suit 1H6 v. iii. 165 To
be mine own attorney in this c, Lr. in; ii. 85 When
every c. in law is riyht, Sonn. cviii. 9 ; (hence) ques-
tion Cym. I. vi. 42 (' in this question of beauty ').
3 form of procedure, more fully calleil ' action upon
the case ', which was ' an universal remedy lor all
CASE-
peisonal wrongs and injuries without force, not
specially provided for by law, so called because
the plaintiff's whole case or cause of complaint
is set Ibrth at length in the original writ ' (Black-
stone) Err. IV. ii. 42.
case sb.- (2 perhaps ' a pair ', like ' a case of pistols ')
1 applied to (i) a mask LLL. v. ii. 388 that shikv-
Jluous case, Eoni. i. iv. 29; cf. Ado ii. i. 99, and
CASE vb. 1 ; (ii) the body, as enclosing the soul
Tw.N. V. i. 1()9, Ant. iv. xii. [xiv.] 41, xiii. [xv.J
89 Tins case of ilial liiiifc spirit ; (iii) the sockets of
the eyes Wint. v. ii. 14, Lr. iv. vi. 148 iii/li the case
of eijfs. Per. m. ii. 99 ; (iv) the skin Wint. iv. iii.
[iv.] 849 ; (v) clotlies Meas. ii. iv. 13, 1H4 i. ii. 200
casts of hiickram, Compl. 116 Accoiiqilisli'd in Jin/i-
stlf, ttot in Itis case.
2 set H5 III. ii. 5 / have not a case of lives.
case vb. i3 used in cookery parlance till about 18(X))
1 to encase Err. ii. i. 85, K2 i. iii. 163 like a ctinniny
i)ts(nuiuitt cas'd up ; in transferred uses akin to
those of CASE sb.- 1, 1H4 ii. ii. 58 Case ye, c. tje ; on
with your visards, Cym. v. iii. 22, Per. v. i. il2 her
eyes asjcinl-like, And c-'d asriclily.
2 to enclose, shut up, surround John m. i. 259 A
cdsid lion {cluifidf}, Troil. in. iii. 187 C((se Ihy
ripn/alion in tliytvnt, Mac. in. iv. 23 the casini/ air.
3 to skin All'sW. in. vi. 110. Cf. case sb.'^ lOv).
'casion : a]ilietic form of 'occasion ' Lr. iv. vi. 241
Chill nut III ijo, zur, leilliout mrther 'casion (Q n(-
(jion). \ Still in west-country anil nortlx-countiy
dial, use, in Lancashire and Cheshire pronounced
'cagion'.
cask : casket 2H6 in. ii. 409.
casque (old edd. cnsk{e) : headpiece or helmet H5
Clior. 13, Troil. v. ii. 167 ; as a symbol of military
life or autliority Cor. iv. vii. 43 not movnuj From
Ihi i:ii.-.ijuc to till cushion.
Cassibelan : Cassivelaunus, king of tlie Britons in
C.» sar's time Cym. i. i. 30, &c.
cassock: soldier's cloak AHsW. iv. iii. 193.
cast sb. (2 only S.; 3 not pre-S.)
1 throw of the dice 1H4 iv. i. 47, R3 v. iv. 9 I have
set my life upon a cast.
2 casting or founding (of cannon) Ham. i. i. 73.
3 dash or shade of colour, tinge Ham. in. i. 85
sicklied o'er with the pale cast of thouyht,
cast vb. (the more unusual senses are)
1 to throw in wrestling Mac. ii. iii. 47 ihowjh he
lookup my l(i/ssii)iiitniic, yet I made a sliifl lo c. him.
2 todriveaway IHGv. iv. Wd Be cast from possibility
of all, Cym. v. iv. 60 To he exil'd, . . . and cast From
her his dtartsi one.
3 to throw up, vomit Tp. ii. i. 259 We all tecre scn-
sicalloni'd, iliouijh some cast ayain, Meas. in. i. 91
Hisflth within being cast : esii. cast up H5 in. ii.
59, Per. ii. i. 47.
4 to throw off, get rid of 0th. I. i. 150 the state . . .
Cannot inlh safittj east him, v. ii. 326.
5 to reckon, calculate 2H4 1. i. 166 You cast the event
of icar, . . . And sumin'd the account of chance, 2H6
IV. ii. 97 icrile and riad and cast accompt ; absol.
Ham. II. i. 115 To c. beyond ourselves, Ant. in. ii. 17.
cast away, to wreck (a sliip) Mcr.V. in. i. 108,
John V. V. 13 cast aieay . . . on Goodirin Sa>uls,
Sunn. Ixxx. 13 ; c. by, to throw aside Rom. i. i. 99.
cast, casted pa. pple: disused, abandoned, forsaken
AYL. HI. iv. lr> a pair of cast lipsof JJiiena, R5lV.
i. 23 ]Vilh nis/,d slouyh.
castigate: to cbasten Tim. iv. iii. 241 To nislifial,
Ihy priile. '', First in S., but castigation (Utli.
HI. iv. 42) is in Cliaucer.
castle (1 if. 'some old Lads of the Castell", 'a lusty
ladd of the Castell, that will binde Beares, and
ride golden Asses to death,' CUibriel Harvey)
30 —CAUDLE
1 old lad of the c. : (?) roisterer 1H4 i. ii. 48.
2 fig. = st)ong protection, stronghold Troil. v. ii.
184 and Tit. in. i. 170 (in which the word lias
been needlessly taken to mean 'helmet").
casual (twice in S.)
1 accidental Ham. v. ii. 396 casual slaughters.
2 subject to chance, precarious Cym. i. iv. 105 the
one is but frail and the oilier casiml.
casvially ; accidentally Cym. n. iii. 146.
cat (1 chiefly in allusions and proverbs)
1 domestic animal Tp. n. ii. 89 here is that which
will give language to you, cat (very strong drink
was .said to make a cat speak). Ado v. i. 136 care
killed a cat (i.e. for all its nine lives), MND. i. ii.
32 a part to tear a cat in ( = to rant violently),
Mac. I. vii. 45 Like the poor cat i' the adiuje (the
cat that would eat fish, but would not wet lier
feet), Ham. v. i. 314 The cat will mew.
2 civet-cat or musk-cat AYL. in. ii. 71 civet is . . .
the very uncleanly flux of a cat, Lr. in. iv. 108 Thou
owest . . . the cat no perfume.
3 term of contempt for a human being All'sW. iv.
iii. 269 he's a cat to me, 297, Cor. iv. ii. 34.
Catalan : for ' Cathaian,' man or woman of Cathay,
i.e. China, (hence) sharper, scoundi'el Wiv. ii. i.
147, Tw.N. n. iii. 83.
cataplasm : poultice, plaster Ham. iv. vii. 143 c. so
ran , Colheti d from all simiilix Ihat have virtue,
catastrophe (2 is recorded first from S.)
1 that which produces the conclusion or final event
of a dramatic piece, denouement LLL. iv. i. 78,
Lr. I. ii. IbOpat he comes, like the c. of the old comedy.
2 conclusion, end All'sW. i. ii. 57 On the calaslrop'tc
and heel of pastime.
3 (jocularly) the iiosteriors (S.) 2H4 n. i. 68.
catch sb. (1 not pre-S.; 2 not pre-Eliz.)
1 that which is caught or is worth catching Slir.
II. i. 325 a quiet catch, Troil. il. i. 110 Hector shall
have a great catch.
2 short musical composition for three or more
voices, wliich sing the same melody, the second
singer beginning the first line as the first goes
on to the second line, and so on Tp. in. ii. 129,
137, Tw.N. n. iii. 99, &c.
catch vb. {caught occurs 31 times, calchid 4 times ;
the senses ' overtake, come up with ' (Tp. v. i. 315,
MND. II. i. 233, R3 n. ii. 44), 'ai>prehend by the
senses or intellect ' (LLL. n. i. 70, Ant. i. il. 149,
Sonn. cxiii. 8), 'apprehend so as to adopt or
appropriate ' (Mac. i. v. 19), and ' catch a cold '
(Gent. I. ii. 133) are recorded first from S.; tliere
are many other uses ; the foil, arc occas.)
1 to attain, get possession of 3H6 in. ii. 179 I . . .
Torment myself to ceitcli the English croiot, Mac. i.
vii. 3 if the assassination Could . . . catch With his
stircease success, Sonn. cxliii. 11 ; absol. John i. i.
173 have is have, however moi do caleh,
2 fig. of contracting a disease MND. i. i. 189 My
tongue should catch your ionque's sweet melody.
3 caleh the air*, (?) gasp for breath 2H6 in. ii. 371.
cater-cousins: good friends Mer.V. n. ii. 143 His
maslir and he , . . are scarce cater-cousins. ^ This
is the prevailing sense in mod. dial. use. [190.
cates : dainties, delicacies Err. in. i. 28, Shr. n. i.
catling : catgut Troil. in. iii. 309 unless the fiddler
Apollo get his sineics to make catlings on. ^Cat-
ling is the name of a musician in Rom. iv. v. 133.
cat-o'-mountain : leopard or panther Tp. iv. i. 264
piird, or cat-o'-mnunlain; attrib. Wiv. n. ii. 27.
caudie (meaning unknown) : 1114 i. iii. 251 iihal n
iiuidie dial of courtisy (Fn. caudie, Fj i gaudic, -y,
ino.l. edd. eaiidyf).
caudle: warm drink given to sick people, con-
siating of thin gruel, uii:icd with wine or ale
CAUSE —
.sweetened and spiced LLL. iv. iii. 174; hempen
niiidh, halter 2H0 iv. vii. 94.
cause ah. (the foil, are obs. or archaic uses ; 1 is a
H'litial application of the legal sense 'subject of
lilii;ation ' ; 4 taken over from late Latin ' causa ')
1 matter in dispute, affair to be decided Slir. iv. iv.
2<i a iniijlitt) cause Of love, 2Hti iii. i. 289 What
counsel i/iie you in this wen/hti/ cause ?
2 eontextually = charge, accu.sation Lr. rv. vi. 112
Whut was till) cause 1 AduKen/ ?
3 matter of concern, affair, business LLL. v. ii. 749,
H5 I. i. 45 any cause of police, 1H6 v. iii. 106, 113
m. V. 65 (Ffcrt.se), Lucr. 1295 The c. craves hasle.
4 disease All'sW. ii. i. 114 iouch'd With that mali(j-
naiU c((use. Cor. in. i. 2;i4 to care tin's cause.
5 term ill the practice of duelling (not yet fully ex-
plained) LLL. I. ii. 187 The first and second cause,
AYL. V. iv. 52 tlie quarrel was upon the seventh
cause, Rom. ii. iv. 27.
'cause: because Tit. v. ii. 63, Mac. iii. vi. 21.
cautel: crafty device, deceit, trickery Ham. i. iii.
15 no soil nor c. doth besmirch . . ., Compl. 303.
cautelons: crafty, deceitful Cor. iv. i. 33 cauf/ht
Willi caulilous baits and practice, Cies. II. i. 129.
cauterizing't : Fi canlh-, FTo 3 4 calh- Tim. v. i. 138.
cavition (obs. use) : taking heed, precaution Miic.
III. vi. 44 that . . . might Advise Iiiiit to a caution.
cavaleiro: gentleman trained in arms; gay,
sjirinhtly military man, (hence) gallant 2H4v. iii.
6(.) {ii cabihi-os. Ft cavilc7-os) ; used as a title Wiv.
II. i. 201, iii. 76 ; also cavalery MND. iv. i. 25.
cavalier: =cavai,eiro H5 in. Ohor. 24.
cave-keeper : one who lives in a cave Cyni. iv. ii.
298; so cave-keepingr, fig. secret Lucr. 1260
Cavc-kecpinij ivils.
caviare (old edd. Caviarie, ->/, the connuon 16th-
IStli cent, forms): roe of tlie sturgeon pressed
and salted and eaten as a relish, generally un-
palatable to those who have not acquired the
taste for it Ham. 11. ii. 466 the play . . . pleased
not the million ; 'tivas caviare to the yeneral.
cease sb.: cessation Ham. in. iii. 15 Tlie cease of
hi((jisly {Ft cease, Qq ccsse), Lr. v. iii. 2ti6 Fall and
cdisc t. f\ Partly an aphetic foiTn of ' decease '.
cease vb. (rare use) : he not ceas'd, do not allow
yourself to be silenced Tim. 11. i. 16.
cellarag'e: in the c, underground Ham. t. v. 151
(old edd. selleredfje, scllcridije, celliridije, scllerir/c).
ceir ent sb. and vb. (old edd. also ciinent, cyim nt,
syiiiaut) : always stressed on the first syllable
Oor. IV. vi. 86, Ant. n. i. 48, in. ii. 29.
censer : pcrfuming-pan having an ornamented lid
Shr. IV. iii. 91 Here's snip and nip and cut and
slish and slash, Lilce to a censer in a b((rher's sliop,
2H4 V. iv. 21 thin num in a censer (ref. probably
to figures embossed on censer-lids).
censor : name of two magistrates in ancient Rome,
who drew up tlie census of the citizens and had
the supervision of public morals Cor. 11. iii. 252.
censure sb. (2 the prevailing S. use ; 3 not pre-S.)
1 judicial sentence, esp. a condemnatory one Cor.
ni. iii. 45, v. v. [vi.] 143 Your heaviest censure,
0th. V. ii. 367 the censure of this hellish villain.
2 judgement, opinion AYL. iv. i. 8 every modern
censure R3 11. ii. 144 To f/ive your censuns in this
business, Ham. I. iii. 69 Take each man's n iisare.
3 adverse judgement, unfavourable oi)inioii, l)hiiiie
Meas. III. ii. 201 Xo mif/ht nejrf/reatniss in mortality
Can censure 'scape, H8 in. i. 63 yiiur late censure
Both of his truth and him, Lr. i. iv. 232.
censure vb. (1 the prevailing ,sen.se)
1 trans, to fonn or give an opinion of, estimate
John n. i. 328, Cor. 11. i. 25 hnin you are censured
here in the city, Cxa. iii. ii. 16, Lr. iii. v. 3.
31 — CHAIB
2 intr. to give an opinion (on) Gent. i. ii. 19 That I
. . . Should censure tlms on lovely yenth men. Ham.
III. ii. 92 to c. of his seeminy (Ff To c, Qq In c).
3 to pass sentence upon Meas. 11. i. 29 When I, that
censure him, do so offend, Lr. v. iii. 3.
center [Fr. 'ceinture'] : girdle John iv. iii. 155 (Ff
center, mod. edd. cincture, ceinture) ; by some
taken = centre 3.
centre (in Wint. 11. i. 101* the sense is perhaps
architectural 'temporary framework supporting
a superstructure ')
1 middle point of the earth MND. in. ii. 54, Ham.
II. ii. 159 / Mill find Where truth is hid, iliouyh it
irere hid indeid Williin tlie centre.
2 the earth, as the supposed centre of the universe
Troil. I. iii. 85 The heavens. . ., tin plaints, and th is c.
3 the heart or soul, taken as the centre of the body
Wint. I. ii. Vi'd thy intention stabs the centre, Rom.
n. i. 2, Sonn. cxlvi. 1.
century (sense of ' 100 years ' is post-S.)
1 division of the Roman army, probably consisting
orig. of 100 men Cor. i. vii. 3, Lr. iv. iv. 6.
2 hundred Cym. iv. ii. 391 a century of prayers.
Cerberus: three-headed watch-dot; oi' the Jiifcinal
regions in ancient mythology LLL. v. ii. .Mio.
cereclotll : winding-sheet, projicrly one impreg-
nated with waxMer.V. 11. vii. 51.
cerements (Qq ; Fj cermetils, F-2 3 4 cearments) :
waxed wrapping for the dead, (hence) grave-
clothes Ham. I. iv. 48. ^ A purely S. word, which
has been caught up by modern writers.
ceremony (1 common Eliz. use ; 2 peculiar to S.)
1 external accessory or symbol of state Meas. n. ii.
59 Xo cerimony that to yreat ones 'lonys, Xot tlie
Iciny's crown, &c., H5 iv. i. 110 his [the king's]
ceremonies laid by ; applied to festal ornaments
Cses. I. i. 69 Disrobe the imayes If you do find them
deck'd with ceremonies.
2 portent, omen Cses. 11. i. 197 elreams, and cere-
monies, II. ii. 13. [ii. 2.
Ceres: goddess of agriculture Tp. iv. i. 60, 2H6 i.
'cern: short for 'concern' Shr. v. i. 76. ^I Cf. the
midland dial, 'sarn', short for ' consarn ', 'con-
cern ' = confound !
certainly (rare use) : steadfastly, fixedly 1H6 v. i.
37 cirtainly resolv'd.
certes (two syll. in Tp. in. iii. 30 and Err. iv. iv. 77,
one syll. in 118 I. i. 48 and 0th. i. i. 16) : certainly
LLL.'iv. ii. 171.
certify : to assure, inform with certainty Mer.V.
n. viii. 10, 1H6 n. iii. 32, ly. i. 144, R3 i. iv. 96
(Ff signify), in. ii. 10.
cess [aphetic form of ' assess ' = assessment] : out
of all cess, beyond all ciilculation 1H4 11. i. 8.
cesse [variant of 'cease' not geneially current in
S.'s time] : to cease All'sW. v. iii. 72 (Fi) : rhymes
with bless.
chace : term of tennis for the second impact on the
floor of a ball which the opponent has failed or
declined to return ; used vaguely in the pi. =
tennis-play H5 l. ii. 266 all the courts of France
will be disturb'd With cliaces.
chafe sb.: rage, passion Ant. i. iii. 85 How this
Herculean lioman does become The carriaye of his c.
chafe vb.: not pre-S. in the intr. sense 'to fret,
rage ' of the sea or a river against its banks Wint.
m. iii. 89, C»s. i. ii. 101 The troubled Tiber cliafimj
iritli tier slioirs, Lr. iv. vi. 22,
chafedf: John in. i. 259 ; see case vb. 2.
chain : to surround as with a chain, embrace Ant.
IV. viii. 14 Chain mine arm'd neck.
chair (used as the .symbol of old age, when rest is
the natural condition, in IHO in. ii. 51, iv. v. 5 ;
Cf CHAIK-DAYS)
CHAIR-BAYS -
32
CHANGE
1 sent of authority, as a throne, a jiulgement-seat,
the Roman rostra Wiv. v. v. iil chairs of orihr (in
St. George's Chapel, Windsor), 3H6 i'. iv. 97 lie
that took Kiiif/ Hniry's chair, n. i. 90 His dukedom
nnd his chair, H8 IV. i. 67 chair of state, Cor. in.
iii. 3-1 the chairs of justice, iv. vii. 52*, Caes. iii. ii.
69 the public chair.
2 sedan (not prc-S.) Otli. v. i. 82, 96.
chair-days : days of rest, i.e. old age 2H6 v. ii. 48.
chalic'd(S. coinage, imitated by moderns) : having
a cup-like blossom Cyin. ii. iii. 25 chaiic'd flowers.
challenge sb. (3 the usual sense in S.)
1 claim 1H6 V. iv. 153 OfleneJitproceediiiijfroiHonr
km II And not of anij challenge of desert.
2 in law, exception taken against either persons or
things H8 ir. iv. 75 and make my challenge you
shall not he nig judge. [iv. 8.
3 summons to single combat Ado i. i. 41, Rom. ir.
challenge vb. (1 the orig. sense, the ultimate
ftym. of the word being Latin 'calumniari ' = to
accuse falsely ; 2, 3 the chief Eliz. uses)
1 to accuse, bring a charge against Tit. i. i. 340
c-d of wrongs, Mac. in. iv. 42 c. for itnkindness.
2 to lay claim to, claim as due, demand or urge as
a right LLL. v. ii. 813, R2 ii. iii. 134 /«)» a subject.
And challenge law, 3H6 in. ii. 86, iv. vi. 6, iv. vii.
23, 0th. II. i. 214 his icorthiness Does challenge
much respect, Lucr. 58 ; absol. Lr. i. i. 55 Where
nature doth with merit challenge.
3 to summon to fight or single combat (freq.) Ado
I. i. 42, H8 I. i. 34 ; Tw.N. ii. iii. 137 to challenge
him the field. ^The foil, variants of the last
phrase occur : ' to challenge a person in the field '
(1556), 'into the field' (1693), 'to challenge the
field one of another' (1693).
challenger : in senses 2 and 3 of the vb. ; H5 ii.
iv. 95, Ham. iv. vii. 28 ; AYL. i. ii. 172, &c.
Cliani: obs. form of 'Khan', formerly applied to
rulers of the Tartars and Mongols, esp. the em-
peror of China Ado II. i. 219 the Great Cham's beard.
chaniher (2 London is called ' Regum Angliae
Camera ' = Chamber of the Kings of England, by
Camden in his ' Britannia' ; the orig. application
■was to cities or provinces directly subject and
yielding immediate revenue to the king)
1 of (a person's) chamber, one of his attendants,
chamberlain to him AYL. ii. ii. 5, Mac. i. vii. 76,
II. iii. 108, Per. i. i. 152.
2 metropolis, capital R3 in. i. 1 Welcome, sweet
firince, to London, to your chamber.
3 I6th-17th cent, name of a small piece of ordnance
2H4 II. iv. 56.
chamber-covinsels : private affairs "Wint. i. ii. 237
(F cliiimhir-roitncels, some mod. edd. -councils).
clianiber'd : lodged R2 i. i. 149 the best blood
cliiimhi r'd in liis hosom.
chauaberer : frequenter of ladies' chambers, gal-
lant Oth. in. iii. 265.
chamberlain :
1 one who waits on a king or lord in his bed-
chamber, fig. in Tim. iv. ill. 223; spec, officer
having charge of the king's private ap.irtments
and household Iv3 i. i. 123.
2 attendant in an inn in charge of the bedrooms
II14 n. i. 52.
chambermaid: lady's maid Tw.N. i. iii. 55.
chamblet : see camlet.
chameleon : formerly supposed to live on air ;
hence Gent. n. i. 181 thongh the chameleon Loie can
feed on thi air. Ham. in. ii. 98 Excellent, i' faith ;
of the r. '\ dish ; I eat the air, promisi-crammeel.
champaign: flat open country Tw.N. n. v. 175
/iinjiiglit nnd cha mjiaigii. (Ffi ^ chain pian, Vfn
champion, mud. edd.t/((i//';»((((y);0,Lr, I. i. 66 With
shadoiig forests and with chanijiaigns riched (Fj
clianijiaiti, Ff? 3 1 Champion, mod. edd. cheim-
pai{ij)n) ; attrib. Lucr. 1247 a goodly champaign
plain (Fi cliampaine).
champion sb. (3 Wyclif has ' strong schampions
and pileris of holy chirche ')
1 fighting man, man of valour 1H6 in. iv. 19 .1
stouter champion nei:er handled sword. Tit. i. i. 65
Home's best champion.
2 one who does battle in his own cause or for
another in single combat R2 i. iii. 5, Lr. v. i. 43,
Per. I. i. 61, Ven. 596.
3 one who defends a per.son or a cause All'sW. iv.
ii. 50, John in. i. '265 be champion of our cliurch,
R2 I. ii. 43 God, the widow's champion.
champion vb.: to challenge Mac. in. i. 72. ^In-
troduced by S. and imitated by mod. writers.
chance (2 is now archaic, 5 is obsolete)
1 fortuitous circumstance, accident Wint. n. iii.
182 Where chance may nurse or end it, Troil. in.
iii. 131, Cor. iv. iv. 20, Lucr. 1596 ; so by chance
LLL. V. ii. 219, Ham. iv. vii. 161.
2 something that happens, event, occurrence ; esp.
unfortunate event, mishap 2H4 iv. ii. 81 ///
chances, Rom. v. iii. 146, Mac. n. iii. 98, Ham. v.
ii. 348 Von that look pale and tremble at this cliance.
3 opportunity, possibility of good or bad fortune
Mer.V. II. i. 43 bring nie unto my chance, Cym. v.
iv. 1.32/, That have this golden chance ; so fake (onc'a)
chance John i. i. 151 ; main chance, chief or para-
mount issue 2H4 in. i. 83 a mein may propliesy . . .
of the main chance of things.
4 fortune, good or ill AViv. v. i. 5, Troil. Prol. 31
the chance of war, Mac. i. iii. 143 If chance will
hare me king, Oth. iv. i. 278.
5 piece of (good) fortune, a person's fortune, luck,
or lot Tw.N. III. iv. 179 // ii be thi/ chance to kill
me, 1H6 v. iv. 4, Troil. iv. v. 149, Cor. iv. vii. 40
tliose chances Which lie iras lord of Ant. n. iii. 36.
chance vb. (now generally superseded by ' happen ';
the foil, are idiomatic uses, in which the word
assumes the character of an adv.)
1 may chance with an infinitive = may possiblv Ado
II. iii. 265 [244], 2H4 11. i. 13, Troil. i. i. 28 you
may chance burn i/niir lips (Ff /o burn).
2 Bow chance = How does it come about that ? Wiv.
y. v. 241 [2301, 2114 iv. iv. 20, R3 iv. ii. 99, Lr. n.
iv. 64 How c. the king comes with so small a number f
chancellor: secretary H8 i. i. 219 {Ff counsellor),
II. i. 20; spec, the 'King's Chancellor' or Lord
High Chancellor, the keeper of the Great Seal
and highest judicial functionary in England SHii
I. i. 238 Waricick is chancellor, H8 in. ii. 395 Sir
Thomas More is chosen Lord Chancellor.
change sb. (the foil, are obs. or special uses)
1 exchange Ado iv. i. 185 Meiintain'd the change of
words, H5 iv. viii. 29, Troil. in. iii. 27 Give us a
prince of blood, . . . In ehange of him, Cies. V. iii. 51.
2 cbangefulness, changing humour, caprice Lr. i.
i. 291 how full of changes his ae/e is, Cym. I. vi. 115,
Sonn. XX. 4 A noman's gentle heart, but not ac-
epiaintcd With shifting change.
3 variation or modulation in music Gent. iv. ii. 69 ;
in verse Sonn. Ixxvi. 2, cv. 11.
4 r?) round in dancing (S.) LLL. v. ii. 210.
change vb. (in Cor. v. iii. 152*, Ant. i. ii. 5* Ff real
chani/c, mod. edd. chan/ef : see commentators)
1 to exchange Tp. l. ii. 438, LLL. v. ii. 134, AYL.
T. iii. 94 Wilt thou change fathers? ; to exchange
(a thing) with (a person) Sonn. xxix. 14 I scorn to
chani/i mg slate with kings, Oth. 1. iii. 318 changi
111)1 liumanitg with a baboon ; intr. with /or beford
the thing taken in e.Kchange Oth. i. iii. 356 She
must change for yuulh, Per. iv. \ i. 170.
CHANGEABLE —
33
—CHARON
2 ='cliaiige colour' (AYL. iii. ii. 193), turn pak-,
))hisi) Ado V. i. 143 lie clianr/es more and more : I
iliiiik III III rniyrij indeed, H5 ii. ii. 73, Cym. i. vi.
11 Chinijii ijoit, tiuulnm?.
changeable : vaiying in colour in different lights,
'shot' Tw.N. II. iv. 75 chauycnhk iaffetn. ^In
use 1480-1815.
cliang"eful(notpre-S.): inconstant Troil. iv. iv. 97.
changfeling' (1 now obsolete or archaic)
1 fickle or inconstant person 1H4 v. i. liijickle c-s,
Cor. IV. vii. 11 /(/'*• tmlitre In tliafs no clinngeUm).
2 child left by the fairies in exchange for one stolen
MND. n. i. 23; attrib. ii. i. 120, iv. i. 65; fig. of
a letter substituted for another Ham. v. ii. 53.
channel sb.: street gutter= kennel 2H4 ii. i. 54-5,
3H0 II. ii. 141. "[I Still in use locally in northern
counties.
channel vb. (not prc-S.i : to furrow lH4i. i. 7 Xo
iiinrc slinll tvaiihiKii inir iluiiiiid lier fields.
chanson: song Hani. ii. ii. 447(438] The first row of
tlif piiiiis rliiiiixoii (so Qq o_5 ; Fi Pons Chanson, Qg
Y\'i-n I'll IIS Chiinson).
chantry: chapel endowed for the maintenance of
one or more priests to sing mass for the souls of the
founders or others Tw.N. iv. iii. 24, Ho iv. i. 321.
chaos (1 is a sense of the orig. Greek word ; 4 is
a rare use)
1 'black gulf or 'deep abyss' of night or darkness
0th. III. iii. 92* when I hie thee not, Chnos is come
iifjiiin (or ? = sense 2j, Yen. 1020 hlnck chaos comes
lii/ain, Lucr. 767 Vast sin-roiiriiilin!/ c. ( = night).
2 fctate resembling that of primitive chaos or the
' formless void ' of primordial matter, utter con-
fusion Troil. I. iii. 125 This chaos, when degree is
suffocate.
3 confused ma.ss or conglomeration Rom. i, i. 184
Mis-shapen chaos of inll-sitiiiiiui forms.
4 shapeless mass 3H6 iii. ii. 101 To disproportion
ine . . . Like to a chaos, or an iinlick'd bear-nhelp.
chape : metal plate or mounting of a scabbard, esp.
that which covers the point All'sW. iv. iii. 105
the chape of his dagger ; so chapeless (S.) Slir.
III. ii. 49 uith a broken hilt, and chainUss.
chapless: lacking the lower jaw Kom. rv. i. 83
//(//(//(■ c. skulls (Qq..3 Fi chapipjfis), Ham. v. i. 95.
chapman (2 survivccl in dialect till the 19th cent.)
1 merchant, trader LLL. ii. i. 16 Not itlter'd by base
sale of chapmen's tongues.
2 purchaser, customer Troil. iv. i. 75 as chapmen do,
Dispraise the thing that ijmi desire to bug.
chaps': cracks in the skin Tit. v. iii. 77. See chops.
chaps 2 : jaws Tp. ii. ii. 93, Mac. i. ii. 22 (Ff chops).
charact (Ff) : distinctive mark Meas. v. i. 56.
character sb. (in R3 iii. i. 81 charu'cter, as often in
10th-17th cent.; the foil, uses are not pre-S.)
1 in collective sing, used = writing, printing Tim.
V. iii. fithe character III take with wax, Sonn. lix. 8
Since mine at first in character u<as done.
2 handwriting 'Meas. iv. ii. 208, Tw.N. v. 1. 358,
Wint. v. ii. 39, Ham. iv. vii. 51 Know you the
hand ?—'Tis Hamht's character.
3 cipher for secret correspondence (fig.) Meas. i. i.
27' There is a kind of character in thy life.
4 face or features as betokening moral qualities
Tw.N. I. ii. 49, Cor. ii. i. 72, v. iv. 29 I paint him
in the character.
character vb. (thrice chara'cter, four times
cha'racter ; not pre-S.) : to engrave, inscribe, also
fig. Gent. II. vii. 4, 2H6 iii. i.300 one scar character'd
on thy skin. Ham. i. iii. b^ these few precepts in thy
memory Look thou character, Sonn. cvlll. 1.
chara'cterless : leaving no mark behind them
Troll. III. ii. 195 And mighty states characterless
art grated To dusty nothing.
chara'ctery : writlna 'WIv. v. v. 79 ; fie. Cas. ii.
i. 308.
Charbon" (obscure) : AU'sW. i. III. 57.
chare: turn of work, job, e.sp. of household work
Ant. iv. xiii. [xv.] 75 the meanest c-s, v. ii. 230.
charge sb. (the senses ' accusation ' and ' person or
thing entrusted to one's care ' are also freq.)
1 load, burden (lit. and fig.) Wiv. i. iv. 103, Ado i.
i. 106, Wint. I. ii. 26 my stay To you a citarye and
trouble ; (with quibble) Ham. v. ii. 43 ''As'es of
yrcat cliarye.
2 luggage, baggage 1H4 n. i. 51, G4.
3 importance, weight Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 260 many
parcels of charge, Kom. v. il. 18 The letter mts . . .
full of charge.
4 expense, cost (freq.) ; on your charge, at your
expense Mer.V. iv. i. 258 ; pi. 2H6 i. i. 62 of the
Kilty of Enyland's own proper cost and charyes, Cor.
V. v. [vi.] 79 ; be at characs, spend soinethins;
R3 I. ii. 257.
5 mandate, order (freq.) ; on charge, at command
Troll. IV. iv. 133 ; give in charge, to command Tp.
V. i. 8, 1H6 II. iii. i, R3 i. i. 85 ; ho yircn in charge,
commanded 2H6 ii. iv. 81 So am I'giiin in iliargi ;
also / hiid in i liarye, I was commanded 2H6 i. i. 2.
0 military post or command ; also the troops under
an officer's command 1H4 ii. iv. 604 [597] a charge
of foot, Cor. IV. iii. 48 the centurions and their
charges, Cies. TV. ii. 48, Ant. in. vii. 16.
7 (of a weapon) position for attack 2H4 iv. i. 120
Their ar)ned staves in charye.
chargre vb. (various senses occur ; the foil, are the
less freq.)
1 to load, burden (fig.) H5 i. ii. 15, 283, Cxh. hi. Iii.
2 things unlucky charye my fantasy, Mac. v. i. .W
The heart is sorely chnryed ; to .saddle with ex-
pense Wiv. 11. ii.'l73.
2 to call upon to give answer Mer.V. v. i. 298 charye
%is there upoti inler'gatories, John in. i. 151 Tn
charye me to an answer.
3 to level (as a weapon) Ado v. i. 139, LLL. v. ii. 88
thiy Tliiit charge tlieir breath ayainst its.
chargeful : expensive, costly Err. iv. i. 29.
charge-house (S.) : house in which youth are
taken charge of, boarding-school LLL. v. i. 88.
chariness : scrupulous integrity Wiv. ii. i. 101.
charity: in phrases of exhortation /'or c//n)v<»/ R3
I. ii. 49, of charity Tw.N. v. i. 240 ; by Saint
Charity (Fi'S. Charity) = OFr. 'parseinte charite',
by holy charity Ham. iv. v. 59. Tj E. K. (Gloss, on
Spenser) says that ' deare Lord, and sweete Saint
Charltee ' was ' the Catholiques comen othe '.
charm sb. : the orlg. sense 'incantation, enchant-
ment, magic spell ' (Tp. i. ii. 231) nins through
the fig. applications Wiv. ii. ii. 108* surely, I
think you have charms, la, Rom. il. Prol. 6 be-
loitched by the charm of looks, Lr. v. iii. 49, Pllgr.
xi. 8 [150] ; occas. the sense approaches to 'person
or thing that charms ' 0th. v. i. 35 those charms,
thine eyes. Ant. iv. x. 29 [xii. 16], 38 [25] this false
soul of Egypt ! this e/rare charm.
charm vb. (as in the sb. the fig. uses retain a strong
metaphor from the orig. sense 'enchant')
1 charm the tonf/ue, keep it silent Shr. TV. il. 58,
2H6 IV. i. 64, 3H6 v. v. 31, 0th. v. ii. 182.
2 to entreat or conjure by some potent invocation
Ci»s. II. i. 271 I charm you, by my once-commended
beaut//.
charmed (2 the phrase is echoed by mod. writers)
1 endowed with matjic or occult power Mac. iv. 1. 9
the charmed pot, Compl. 146 in his charmed power.
2 fortified by a spell Mac. v. vii. 41 [vlii. 12] a c. life.
charneco : "kind of wine 2H6 ii. iii. 63.
Charon : ferryman who conveyed the shades of the
CHABTEB —
34
— CHICK
ikparted across the Styx; allusively in Troil. m.
ii. 10 be thou my Charon.
charter : publicly conceded right, privilege, im-
munity AYL. II. vii. 48 as hirqe a charter as the
irittd, H2 II. i. 197, R3 III. i. 54, Cor. i. ix. 14, 0th.
I. iii. 247 let me find a c. m ijourroice, Sonn. Iviii. 9.
chartered : privileged, licensed H5 i. i. 48 The air,
(I iliarter'd lihertine.
Chartreux : the Charterhouse or Carthusian mon-
astery in Smithflekl, London H8 i. i. 221 ,1 monk
(/ tht'chni-irenx,!. ii. 148 a Chartreux friar.
chary: adi. fastidious, shy, particular Ham. i. iii.
36 The chariest maid ;— adv. carefully Honn. xxii.
11 keep so chary As tender nurse her babe.
chase sb. (2 the usual sense ; 3 once)
1 hunting 0th. ii. iii. 372, Yen. 3, &c.
2 pursuit MXD. ii. ii. 88 / am out of breath in this
fond chase ; in chase is used both of the chaser and
of the chased Gent. v. iv. 15 Have some unhappy
passcnqer in chase, Tw.N. iii. i. 126 / did send . . .
A rinij in chase of you, John l. i. 223 he. That holds
in chase mine honour, Sonn. cxliii. 5 her neglected
child holds her in chase ; by this kind of chase, by
following up this kind of argument AYL. i. iii. 34;
occas. =race C»s. i. ii. 8 in this holy chase.
3 hunting-ground Tit. ii. in. 255 this pleasant chase.
4 hunted animal Wint. iii. iii. 56*.
chase vb. (in Tim. i. i. 25 Ff chases, mod. edd.
chafes, Ven. 325 earlier Qq chafing, later chasing)
1 chas'd your blood Out of appearance (Ffi o appar-
ance), driven the colour out of your face (i. e. ren-
dered it invisible) H5 ii. ii. 75.
2 to harass, persecute Wint. v. i. 217 Though
Fortune, visible an enemy. Should chase us with my
fathir.
chaste (special uses) : celibate, unmarried Mer.V.
I. ii. 115, Rom. i. i. 223 ; stainless 0th. v. ii. 2
yo}i chaste stars.
cha'stise (7 times) : John ii. i. 117, v. ii. 84 ;
rhitstt'se (twice) Tp. v. i. 263, Troil. v. v. 4.
chat sb. and vb. are both used in the obs. sense of
(1) frivolous talking, and the current one of
(2) familiar conversation ; in Cor. ii. i. 227 chats
/( Hi! = gossips about him.
chattels: H8 in. ii. 344 (so mod. edd.; ¥f castles).
chaudron (Ff chairdron) : entrails Mac. iv. i. 33.
che : tcirm of south-western dial. ' ch ' = I (as in
'oliam' = I am) used before consonants Lr. iv. vi.
247 die tor ye.
cheap : S. is the earliest authority for the senses
' costing little labour or effort ' (Meas. ii. iv. 106),
' accounted of small value, lightly esteemed '
(1H4 in. ii. 41), and the phrase 'hold cheap ' =
despise (Err. iii. i. 21). See also good cheap.
cheapen : to bargain or bid for Ado ii. iii. 33, Per.
IV. vi. 10 if he should cheapen a kiss of her.
cheat: swindle, fraud Wint. iv. ii. [iii.] 28, 130.
^ The woi'd passed through the senses (1) escheat,
i.e. property which falls to the lord by forfeit or
line, (2) booty, (3) stolen thing (in the thieves'
cant of the 16th cent, simply = thing), (4) fraud.
cheater (the mod. sense occurs Err. i. ii. 101, 2H4
II. iv. 150 ; S. plays on the other senses)
1 officer appointed to look after the king's escheats
(see CHEAT), who would have opportunities of
defrauding people of their estates ; used fig. Wiv.
I. iii. 75 (F.^ Cheator), Tit. v. i. Ill, Sonn. cli. 3.
2 tame cheater, (?) decoy duck or other tame animal
used as a decoy 2H4 n. iv. 105.
check sb. (Eliz. sense) : reproof, rebuke, censure
Wiv. III. iv. 84 against all checks, rebukes and
manners, Shr. i. i. 32* Aristotle's checks (? re-
straints), 2114 IV. iii. 34, 0th. in. iii. 67, Ant. iv.
iv. 31 Jlebukcable And uorthy shameful check.
check vb. (gen. sense 'restrain, repress' is freq.)
1 to stop short at Ham. iv. vii. 62 As checking at his
voyage, and that he means No more to undertake it.
2 (of a hawk) to leave its quarry and fly at a chance
bird that crosses its path Tw.N. ii. v. 127, iii. i.
72 Xot, like the haggard, check at every feather.
3 to rebuke, reprove, chide All'sW. i. i. 77 check'd
for silence, But never tax' d for speech , 2H4i. ii. 224,
R3 I. iv. 140, III. vii. 149, Caes. iv. iii. 96 Check'd
like a bondman, Lr. ii. ii. 149.
4 to curb, control John ii. i. 123, 3H6 in. ii. 166.
5 to rein in (horses) 3H6 ii. vi. 12.
cheek lyjonl : side by side MND. in. ii. 3.38.
cheek-roses: rosy cheeks Meas. i. iv. 16.
cheer sb. (5 whence the sense ' fare, provisions '
Wiv. III. ii. 55 ; Ham. in. ii. 231 where some read
chair, comparing Hall's Satires ' Sit seven yeres
pining in an anchor's cheyre ')
1 face, complexion MND. in. ii. % jiale of cheer.
2 countenance, aspect Mer.V. in. ii. 313 show a
merry cheer. Tit. i. i. 264 this cliange of cheer.
3 disposition, frame of mind, mood AH'sW. iii. ii.
67 have a better c. Tit. ii. iii. 188 Xe'er let my heart
Icnow merry c. , Sonn. xcvii. 13 iiith so dull a c. ; esp.
freq. in what c.? = how goes it with you? Tp. i.
i. 2 ; good cheer, courage, good heart Mer.V. in.
V. 5, IV. i. Ill, R3 IV. i. 37 (Qq have comfort).
4 cheerfulness, mirth Ado i. iii. 74, Ham. i. ii. 116
in the cheer and comfort of our eye, in. ii. 176 So
far from cheer.
5 kindly welcome, hospitable entertainment Err.
III. i. 66 neither cheer, sir, nor welcome, Lucr. 89
gives good cheer.
cheer vb. (1 once in S. ; common Eliz. : ' to comfort,
gladden, console ' is the most freq. sense)
1 How cheer'st thou?. What cheer?, How is it with
thee? Mer.V. ni. v. 76 (Qq /nresO.
2 to encourage, incite 3H6 n. iv. 9 the heart that. . .
cheers these hands . . . To execute the like upon thy-
self, Tim. I. ii. 44 ; fig. Sonn. xv. 6 Cheered and
check'd e'en by the selfsame sky.
3 to salute with joyful sounds MND. iv. i. 131 A cry
mo>-e tuneable "Was never holla'd to, nor chcir'd
with horn.
cheerfully : encouragingly H5 iv. i. 34.
cheerly : blithely, cheerily AYL. ii. vi. 15 ; as a cry
of encouragement among sailors = heartily Tp. i.
i. 6 Heigh, my hearts! cheerly, cheerly, my hearts!
chequin : sequin, gold coin of Italy and Turkey,
worth from 7a-. to 9s. 6rf. Per. iv. ii. 28 (old edd.
chcckins, chickens, -ecus, -ins).
cherish (1 common in Eliz. use of rearing plants ;
2 in use 1330-1740)
1 to foster 3H6 ii. vi. 21 what doth cherish weeds but
gentle air ?, Lucr. 950 To . . . cherish springs. [193.
2 to entertain (a guest) with kindness 1H4 in. iii.
cherry-pit: children's game consisting in throw-
ing cherry-stones into a hole Tw.N. in. iv. 131.
cherry-stone : as the type of a trifle Err. iv. iii. 74.
cherubin: applied to an 'angelic' woman Tp. i.
ii. 15J, 0th. IV. ii. 62 thoti young and rnse-lipp'd
I hernhin ; also attrib. =angelic Tim. iv. iii. 63 For
all hir clieruliin look.
chest: used = breast Lucr. 761 Some purer chest.
cheveril: kid-leather; always used allusively as
a type of flexibility Tw.N. in. i. 13, H8 ii. iii. 32
your soft c. conscience, Rom. n. iv. 90 a wit of c^
chew (in fig. uses) : to ruminate upon CafS. l. ii. 170 ;
to keep mumbling over Meas. ii. iv. 5 As if I did
hat iiiiiii clii If his )ianic.
Chewet: chou^'h, jackdaw [Fr. 'chouette']; applied
to a chatterer 1H4 v. i. 29* Peace, chewet, peace!
chick : used as a term of endearment (S.) Tp. v. 1.
316 My Ariel, chick.
CHICKEN -
chicken (2 cf. ' cliicken-liearted ')
1 applied to human oltspriiig Mac. iv. iii. 218.
2 applied to one wlio is as timorous or defenceless
as a chicken Cym. v. iii. 42 tin ij flu Chickens.
chide (pa. t. cUid, pa. pple. rhid, chukUn)
1 intr. to scold, quanel, sjicak loudly, brawl LLL.
rv. iii. 132 Yon elude at liiiii, Slir. i. ii. 9(5 thoiujh
she chide as loiul As thundir, Sonn. cxi. 1 for my
sdke do you iiith Fortune chide.
2 trans, to scold (treq.) ; to drive away with scold-
ing MND. lU. ii. 312 he hath chkl me hence.
3 applied to sounds wliicli suggest angry vehe-
mence, e.g. the lashing of water 1H4 in. i. 43 the
sea That chides the banks, Otli. li. i. 12 The chidden
billow (Q(i chidiiii/).
4 to proclaim with noise H5 n. iv. 125 cares. . . Sliali
chide your trrspass^and return your mock.
chiding' vbl. sb.: brawling or angry noise MND. iv.
i. IJl luvcr did I hear Such nalhuil clmlini/ (of
hounds], AYL. ir. i. 7 chidin;/ of the uinter's irind.
chidingf ppl. a.: brawling, noisy 118 iii. ii. 198 the
cliidinq flood, Troil. ]. iii. 54 (of the tempest). Per.
III. i. 32.
chief: in chief, mainly, principally Mcas. v. i. 214,
2H4 IV. i. 31. Tl Ham. i. iii. 1'^Are most select and
yenerejus, cliief in that (old edd. Are of n most,
Qi (/(nernll, Ff cheff, Qq2— c have a comma at
yenirous; manycohj.: see commentators).
child (fig. uses of the ordinary senses are common)
1 female infant Wint. in. iii. 71 A boy or a chdd,
I wonder; so my child is always used by S. of a
daughter Tp. v. i. 198, Ado iv. i. 77, Lr. iv. vii. 70.
2 youth of noble birth ; used in ballads as a kind of
title Lr. iii. iv. 185 Child Rowland to the dark
toirer came.
child-chang'ed* : (a) changed by the conduct of
his children, (b) changed into a child Lr. iv. vii. 17.
Childed : having children Lr. in. vi. 119 He chddcd
as Ifather'd.
childhood: filial relation Lr. n. iv. 181.
childing': fertile, fruitful MND. ii. i. 112 c. aniunin.
childishness: second childishness, second child-
hood AYL. II. vii. 165.
childness: cliildish humour Wint. i. ii. 170.
chill (Somerset dial., cf. che) : I will Lr. iv. vi. 240.
chimney (obs. use): fireplace Wiv. v. v. 49, 1H4
II. i. 22.
chinks (common Eliz.) : money Rom. i. v. 121.
chip (1 cf. ' Chyp the vpper crust of your brcade '
Andrew Borde's ' Dyetary ', 1542 ; 2 not pre-S.)
1 to pare (bread) by cutting away the crust 2H4 ii.
iv. 258.
2 to hew, hack Troil. v. v. 34.
chips: applied to the keys of a spinet or harpsi-
iliurd Siiim. cxxviii. 10 those dancinq chips.
chirurgeonly adv. (S.) : like a skilled surgeon Tp.
II. i. 1!7.
chivalry (orig. applied to the mounted and fully
armed men-at-arms of the Middle Ages)
1 men-at-arms 2H4 ii. iii. 20 all the chivalrii of
Enyland, H5 I. ii. 157.
2 knightly condition, knighthood 1H4 v. i. 94 a
truant. ..to chivalry, Troil. i. ii. 2i(, the prince of c.
3 bravery or prowess in war R2 i. i. 203 the lictm-'s
chivalry, ii. i. 54 Christian service and true chivalry,
3H6 II. i. 71, Lucr. 109.
4 rank or order of knighthood Per. ii. ii. 29 his
d( rice, a wreath of chivalry.
choice sb. (1, 2, 3 not pre-S.; 4 only S.)
1 abundant and well-chosen supply John ir. i. 72,
lH(i V. V. 17 So full replete with c. of all delii/hts.
2 person or thing chosen Wiv. in. iv. 31 This is iiiij
fathers choice, Wint. V. i. 214, 2H4 I. iii. 87, Tit.
IV. ii. 79.
35 CHOUGH
3 dioice or picked company John li. i. 72 « braver
choice of dauntless spirits.
4 special estimation All'sW. in. vii. 2().
choice adj. : choice spirits 1H6 v. iii. 3, Cies. in. i. 163 ;
a S. expression taken up by modei'ii writers.
choice-drawn : cliosen with special care H5 in.
Prol. 24.
choke (the following are rare in S. ; 3 cf. Matthew
xiii. 22 in the threat Bible of 1539, 'The care of
the worlde, and the dissaytfulnes of riches, choke
vp the worde ')
1 to prevent the free play of Mac. t. ii. 9 As tiro
spent swimmers, that do cling tnycther And choke
their art.
2 to silence, stop the mouth of Shr. ii. 1. 370 have I
chok'd you with an aryosy 1
3 to enclose so as to smother E2 in. iv. 44 Iter fairest
fliiirers chok'd up.
choler (orig. =bile, one of the 'humours'; 1 cf.
'These thynges folowyng do purge color : Fumy-
tory, Centory,worniewod .. . Reuberbe', Andrew
Borde's 'Dyetary', 1542)
1 bilious disorder R2 l. i. 153 Let's pure/e this choler,
Ham. in. ii. 320 : in both passages with quibble
on sense 2.
2 anger (freq.) ; with a pun on ' collar' 1H4 ii. iv.
361, Rom. I. 1. 4.
choleric (3 the usual sense in S.)
1 causing bile Shr. iv. iii. 19 too choleric a meal
(Fi Q choler icke, Ff2 3 4 phlegmaticke).
2 inclined to wrath, irascible Lr. I. i. 302 infirm and
chohric years.
3 angry Meas. ii. ii. 1.30, Cses. rv. iii. 43.
choose (.s])ccial idiomatic uses are)
1 to do as one likes, take one's own course Mer.V,
I. ii. 50 An you will not have me, choose.
2 cannot choose, have no alternative, cannot do
otherwise Tp. i. iL 186, Cor. iv. iii. 39 ; followed
by but Mer.V, iir. i. 123, 2H4 ni. ii. 223, Yen. 79.
3 to choose, to prefer one way or another Wint. iv.
iii. [iv.] 175 not half a kiss to choose.
chop : to thrust with sudden force, ' pop ' R3 i. iv.
161 we will chop him in the malmsey butt (so Qq ;
Ff thi-oiv him into). %A word of the modern
Shropshire dial.; in literary use 1560-1650.
chopine : kind of shoe raised by means of a cork
sole or the like, worn in Spain and Italy, esp. at
Venice, Ham. ii. ii. 455.
chop-log"ic : contentious sophistical arguer Rom.
HI. V. 150 (Qi chop loyicke, but the rest chopl loyic,
which would naturally mean ' sophistical or con-
tentious argument ').
choppingf* : changing the meanings of word E2 v.
iii. 124 The chojipiny French.
choppy : chapped Mac. i. iii. 44.
chops' : = chaps' Lucr. 1452 (mod. edd. chaps).
chops = : jaws Mac i. ii. 22 (Ff) ; person with fat or
bloated cheeks 1H4 i. ii. 150, 2H4 ii. iv. 234.
chorus : the chorus of Attic tragedy (consisting of
a band of interested spectators) was imitated and
adapted by English dramatists, and by S. and
others reduced to a single person, who speaks
tlie prologue and explains or comments upon the
course of events Wint. iv. i. Enter Time, the C,
H5 Prol. 32 Admit me C. to this history, Ham. in.
ii. 259, Phoen. 52 Asc. to their traijir scene ; chorus-
like Ven. 360 And all this dumb play had his acts
madi plain With tears, which, c, her eyes didrain.
chough: applied to the small cliattering species
of the crow family, esp. the jackdaw MND. ni.
ii. 21 russel-patedc-s, Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 632, Mac.
III. iv. 125; (hence) as the type of a chatterer Tp.
II. i. 274 A c. of as de(p chat, AU'sW. iv. i. 22 c-'s
lantjuuye, ijabbic enowjh. "^In Lr. iv. vi. 14 per-
CHRISTEN
liaps tlie Cornish cliongh or red-legged crow,
wliich was abundant on the Sussex coast 150
years ago.
christen: Christian lH4it. i. 19 ne'ern king christi n
Ft /(( Christendom), ii. iv. 8 their christen miiiies
v.. Qq: Ff omit).
Christendom (usu. sense ' Christians, or Christian
( oiintrics collectively ')
1 Christianity John rv'. i. 16, H8 i. iii. 15.
2 Christian name All'sW. i. i. 190.
christom child : corruption (by association with
f HuisTEx) of ' chrisom child ' = child in its
chrisom-cloth or christening-robe, innocent babe
H5 II. iii. 12.
chrysolite : name formerly given to several differ-
ent gems of a green colour, as zircon, tourmaline,
topaz, and apatite Otli. v. ii. 143.
chuck: freq.= CHICK LLL. v. i. 120. [244.
chud (Somerset dial., cf. che) : I would Lr. iv. vi.
chu£f : close, avaricious person, esp. one who does
not know how to put his wealth to good u.se 1H4
II. ii. 98.
church: / nm of fl. C, I am a ' churchman,' i. e.
rlergyman Wiv. i. i. 32; cf. the familiar phrase
' to enter the church ' = to take holy orders ; to
(/o to churrli, to be married Ado ii. i. 373 irheii iiiain
1J0H to f/o to church ?, Mer.V. iii. ii. 304, Slir. iii.
ii. 129, Rom. ii. v. 74, iii. v. 1G2 ; so Ado iii. iv.
97 tofitcli you to chttrclt.
chnrch-like : befitting a church or a clergyman
2HC I. i. 248 Whose c. humours fl not for a cromn.
churchman : ecclesiastic, clergyman H8 i. iii. 55.
churl (2 not earlier than the 16th cent.)
1 countrjnnan, peasant, rustic, boor Err. in. i. 24
Good meat . . . is common ; tliateiery churl affords ;
(hence) rude, low-bred fellow Rom. v. iii. 163 0
churl! drunk all. . .?, Tim. i. ii. 26.
2 miser, niggard Sonn. i. 12 And, tender churl,
nink'st H-iiste in ninyardinii; fig. Ixix. 11.
churlish (4 formerly said also of soil and metal)
1 rude, rough, brutal AYL. v. iv. 81 the ' replij
churlish,' Ham. v. i. 262 churlish priest, Yen. 134.
2 (of beasts, natural objects or agencies) rough,
violent, ' nnkind ' AYL. ii. i. 7 the . . . r. chiding
of the icinters wind (cf. 2H4 i. iii. 62 c. wintir),
H5 IV. i. 15 a churlish turf, Troil. i. ii. 21.
3 niggardly, miserly AYL. ii. iv. 81; sparing of
praise John ii. 1. 519.
4 stiff, hard 1H4 v. i. 16 unknit This churlish knot.
cicatrice: properly -sear Cor. ii. 1. 166; used
loosely = mark, impression AYL. iii. v. 23.
'cide: see side vb. [ii. iii. 72.
Cimmerian : applied to Aaron, the Moor, in Tit.
cincture : see center.
cinders (1 still so used dialectally)
1 ashes (residue of combustion) Tit. ii. iv. 37 burn
the lieart to cinders, 0th. iv. ii. 74, Phoen. 55.
2 embers (pieces of glowing coal) Ant. v. ii. 172 /
shrill show the c. of my spirits Through the ashes of
my chance ; applied to the stars 2H4 IV. iii. 58 tlie
11 lull rs of the element.
cinquepace : kind of lively dance, the steps of
which are supposed to be based on the number
five Ado ii. i. 78, Tw.X. i. iii. 141 (Fi Sinke-n-jmce).
Cinque-ports: group of sea-ports (orig. five)
situated on the S3uth-east coast of England, in
ancient times furnishing the chief part of the
English navy, in return for which they had many
privileges and franchises H8 iv. i. 49; used for
'barons of the Cinque-ports' H8 iv. i. (Order of
the Coronation) A canopy lame by four of the C.
cinque-spotted : liaving five spots Cym. ii. ii. 38.
cipher sb. : zero, usu. in fig. application = nonen-
tity, a mere nothing Mcas. ii. ii. 39, LLL. i. ii. 60,
36 -CITE
AYL. III. ii. 310 ; with lef. to its increasing the
value of figures preceding it Wint. i. ii. & lilt
u c. Vet standing in rich place, H5 Chor. 17 let us,
cijdiers to this great accompt. On your imaginary
forces irork.
cipher vb. (1 common Ellz. ; 2 peculiar to S.)
1 to show forth, express Lucr. 207 7'of. me how fondly
I did dote, 1396 The face of either c-'d either's heart.
2 to decipher Lucr. 811 To cipher what is writ.
Circe: enchantress of the island of Aea, who trans-
formed all who drank of her cup into swine Err.
v. i. 271, lH6v. iii. 35.
circle (3 in use 1400-1070 ; 4 only S.)
1 ring used as a figure in magic AYL. n. v. 60 n
Greek invocation to call fools into a circle, H5 v. ii.
318, Rom. II. i. 24.
2 crown, diadem John v. 1. 2, Ant. iii. x. [xii.] 18.
3 circuit, compass AYL. v. iv. 34 in the circle of this
forest, John v. ii. 136 the circle of his territories.
4 come full circle, turned quite round Lr. v. iii. 176 :
for the general sense cf. Tw.N. v. i. 389.
circled: rounded, circular Rom. ii. ii. 110 the . . .
moon, Tliat monthly changes in her circled orb,
Lucr. 1229^ '//«« int Her circled eyne.
circuit: circlet, diadem (S.) 2H6 in. i. 3.52 thegoUh u
circuit on my head ; cf. 3H() I. ii. 30.
circummur'd (not pre-S.) : walled round Meas. iv.
i. 30 (( garden circumnntr'd witli brick.
circtimstance (1, 4 the commoner S. senses)
1 attendant fact or 'adjunct' of an action: e.g.
time, place, manner, &c. amid which it takes
place Meas. iv. ii. I<i8 neither in time, mattir, nr
other c, Tw.N. in. iv. 90, v. i. 261, 1H6 in. i. 152,
Ham. in. ii. 81 ; pi. R3 in. vii. 175 All circum-
stances irell considered, Lucr. 1262.
2 adjuncts of a fact wliich are evidence oneway or
another Wint. v. ii. 34 3Iost true, if ever truth
were pregnant bye. Ham. n. ii. 157, 0th. m. iii.
401 strong circumstances, Which lead directly to the
door of truth ; circumstantial evidence R3 i. ii.
77 Of these supposed ails, to give me leave. By cir-
cumstance, but to acquit myself.
3 condition, state of affairs Gent. i. i. 37 (quib-
blingly). Ham. i. iii. 102 Unsifted in such penlojtsc.
4 detailed and (hence) circuitous narration or dis-
course ; (hence, collect, sing, and pi.) details, par-
ticulars fTcnt. III. ii. 36, Err. v. i. 16 With c. and
oaths, Ado in. ii. 105* c-s shortened, Mer.V. i. i. 155
To wind about my love tcith c, AYL. v. iv. lOO
with c. (=indirectly), Shr. iv. ii. 120, Rom. ii. v.
36, V. iii. 181 without c. ( = without further de-
tails). Ham. v. ii. 2, Cjin. ii. iv. 61 ; detaile I
proof or inference Gent. i. i. 36, 84.
5 ceremony, formality Shr. v. i. 28, "Wint. v. i. 90
his apjiroach So out of circumstance ( = uncere-
monious). Ham. I. v. 127 without more c. at all,
Otli. ni. iii. 355 Pride, pomp, and c. of glorious war
(=ceremonious ostentation).
6 subordinate or secondary matter 0th. in. iii. 16 ;
bn c-(.s), as a mere contingency, by accident
AVint. III. ii. 18, 2H6v. ii. 39.
circumstanc'd : subject to, or governed by, cir-
cumstances (S.) 0th. III. iv. 200. ■ [100)
circumstantial (1 cf. circumstance 4, AY'L. v. iv.
1 in(liic( t AYL. v. iv. 86 the ' lie circumstantial'.
2 detailed Cym. v. v. 384 circumstantial branches.
circumvention : means or power of circumvent-
ing Cor. I. ii. 6*.
cital* : (a) mention, citation, (b) impeachment 1H4
V. ii. 61 He made a blushing cital of himself.
cite (1 occurs once ; 3 twice,' 5 onlyS.)
1 to summon to appear in court H8 iv. i. 29.
2 to call, arouse, excite Gent. n. iv. 86, 2H6 in. ii.
281, 3H6 II. i. 34, Pilgr. xiv. 15 [195J.
CITIZEN— 37
:( to quote Mer.Y. i. iii. 99 The Jitil cun citi Scrip-
titrtfor his piirposf, Troil. ill. ii. 188.
4 to call to mind, make mention of Gent. rv. i. 53,
H5 V. ii. 70, Tit. v. iii. 117 ; with vp R:? i. iv. 14
ire . . . cited iip (C tlioumnd liearij times, Lucr. hli
till/ tirspnss cited up in rimes.
5 to bespeak, be evidence of AU'sW. i. iii. 218
Wliose ae/cd honour cites ei virtuous youth.
Citizen adj. (S.): citj'-bred Cym. rv. ii. 8.
city r2 after Greek 'polls', Latin 'civitas')
1 /lie City - London 3H6 i. i. 67.
_' sflf-governing city or state Cor. iii. i. 199.
:', tiir. = maiden innocence AH'sAV. i. i. 139, Lucr.
4ij9, Compl. 176.
city -woman : citizen's wife AYL. ii. vii. 75.
civet: perfume derived from the civet eat AYL.
HI. ii. 70 civet . . . the very uncleanly flux of a cut,
Lr. IV. vi. 133 an ounce of civet.
civil (freq. in collocations referring to civil war,
e.g. c. arms R2 in. iii. 102, c. nounds i. iii. 128 ;
1 rare in S.; 2 not pre-S. ; the sense of 'well-
mannered, polite' MND. iii. ii. 147 comes partly
out of sense 2 ; in Ado n. i. 306 there is a pun
on 'Seville ')
1 of or belonging to citizens Rom. Prol. 4 Where
ciu'l blooel makes civil hands unclean.
2 having proper public or social order, well-
governed, orderly Gent. v. iv. 156, 2H4 ly. i. 42,
H5 I. ii. 199, Ant. v. i. 16 civil streets.
3 pertaining to civil law Mer. V. v. i. 210 a c. doctor*.
Civility: civilization Mer. V. ii. ii. 210*.
clack-dish: wooden dish with a lid carried by
beggars and ' clacked ' to attract attention Meas.
in. ii. 139.
claim : to demand the fulfilment of (a promise)
Gent. IV. iv. 94, R3 in. i. 197.
clamour: din (as of guns)3H0 v. ii. 44 like a cla-
mour in a vault (Ff Cannon).
Clamour : (?) to silence (the tongue) Wint. iv. iii.
[iv.] 250 c. your tonf/ues, and not a icord more.
•j Said to be a metapiior from bell-ringing.
clangor (not pre-S.): loud resonant ringing sound
3HG II. iii. 18 Like to a dismal clanf/or.
clap sb. : at a clap, at one stroke Lri i. iv. 318.
clap (sense ' to clap hands, applaud ' is not pre-S.;
3 is the usual S. sense ; 'to tap, pat' also occurs)
1 clap to, shut smartly 1H4 ii. iv. 309, Cor. i. iv. 51.
2 to strike (hands) reciprocally in token of a bar-
gain H5 v. ii. 134 and so c. hands and a bargain :
lience apparently the use in AVint. I. ii. 104 Ere I
could make thee open thy uhite hand And clap thy-
self my love ; so c. up, settle (a bargain) hastily
Shr. II. i. 319 Was ever match clapp'd up so sud-
denly ?, John ni. i. 235.
3 to put or set smartly or vigorously Wiv. ii. ii.
144 C. on more sails, R2 in. ii. 114, Rom. in. i. 6
c-s me his sword upon the table, Ant. in. viii. [x.]
29 ; absol. 2H4 in. ii. 51 a' ivould have clapped [viz.
an an-ow] t' the clout. [17.
4 c. lip, put in prison 2H6 i. iv. 53 ; fig. Ant. iv. ii.
5 to impose (fines) H8 v. iv. 86.
6 to enter into brisklj^, strike into (a song) Meas.
IV. iii. 44, AYL. v. iii. 12 a song . . . Shedl we clap
into 't roundly'!
clapper-claw: to maul, thrash, drub "Wiv. ii. iii.
67 ; fig. Troil. v. iv. 1 tliey are c-imj one another,
[Epist. (Qi) A new play . . . ncuer cluppercland with
the palmes of the vulgar].
Clare : totarisis of Saint Clare, order of nuns, called
Poor Clares and Minoresses, instituted by St.
Clare at Assisi in the 13th cent., Meas. i. iv. 5.
claret wine [Fr. ' vin clairet']; light-red wine
2H6 IV. vi. 4. ^ The name ' claret ' was orig. op-
posed to ' white ' and to ' red ', but in time became
-CLEW
transferred to red wines (now, these from
Bordeaux).
claw (3 the fuller phrase was ' to claw a person's
ears, senses, humour,' &c.)
1 to seize, grip Ham. v. i. 78 age . . . Hath claw'dme
in his clutch.
2 to scratch gently or soothingly 2H4 n. iv. 282 his
poll clawed like a parrot.
3 to flatter, cajole Ado i. iii. 19 and claw no wan in
his humour ; cf. LLL. IV. ii. 66.
clay : freq. applied to that of which men and mortal
tilings are made or to which they will return.
clay-brained: clod-pat«d, stupid 1H4 n. iv. 255.
cleanly adv. (obsolete uses)
1 completely, quite Yen. 694 till they have singled
. . . the cold fault cleanly out.
2 cleverly, adroitly Tit. n. i. 94 struck a doe, And
borne her cleanly by the keeper's nose, Lucr. 1073
cleanly-ciiin'd (xcusis.
clean-timbered : clean-limbed LLL. v. ii. 639.
clear adj. (senses now obs. or archaic)
1 bright, fully light Meas. IV. ii. 227 clear dawn,
H8 I. i. 226 my clear sun. Yen. 860.
2 (of looks) serene, cheerful MND. in. ii. 60, Slir. ii.
i. 173, Wint. i. ii. 343 a countenance asc. As friend-
ship wears; as adv. Mac. i. v. 72 Only look up c.
3 glorious, illustrious Mer.Y. ii. ix. 42 that clear
honour, Lr. iv. vi. 74 the clearest goels, Lucr. 11.
4 unspotted, unstained, innocent Tp. in. iii. 82,
Wiv. III. iii. 12i If you know yourself clear, Mac.
I. vii, 18 So clear in his great office, ll. i. 28, Ant.
V. ii. 121, Per. i. i. 141, rv. vi. 116.
clear vb. (the less common senses are the foil.)
1 to get (any one) clear of a place Wint. i. ii. 430
I will . . . Clear them o' the city.
2 to settle (aft'airs) AYL. i. i. 181 this wrestler shall
clear all, Wint. iii. i. 18 clear or end tlie business.
3 to get rid of, cancel (debts) Mer.Y. in. ii. 320 all
debts are c-ed between you and I, Wint. I. ii. 74 the
imposition c-'d ; also to set (a pei-son) free from
debt Tim. n. ii. 236 I clear d him icith fire talents.
clearly : entirely, completely Tw.N. v. i. 292 ; John
HI. iv. 122* In this uiiich he accounts so c. won (or
? manifestly, evidently), v. v. 7" And wound our
lot/eriiii/ loloiirs clemli/ up (or ? stainlessly).
clearness : freedum fruni suspicion Mac. in. i. 1.33'.
clearstories: see clerestorv.
cleave : to split ; pa. t. cUfl Wint. in. ii. 197, 3H6
I. i. 12, clove Lr. i. iv. 176 ; pa. pple. cleft Gent. v.
iv. 103, cloven (always qualifying a sb., e.g. Tp.
I. ii. 277 (( cloven pine).
clef (old edd. cliff) : key in music Shr. in. i. 78 '7)
solre,' oneclef, two neJtes have I ; fig. Troil. v. ii. 11
any man may sing her, if he can take her cliff {Ft
find her. . . her life).
cleft: divided, twofold Compl. 293.
clepe : to call LLL. v. i. 24, Mac. in. i. 94 {FTclipt),
Ham. I. iv. 19 ; cf. yclept.
clerestory : upper part of the nave, dioir, and
transepts of a large church lying above the tri-
forium (or the nave arches) containing windows
admitting light to the central parts of the build-
ing ; also applied to similar features in other
buildings Tw.N. iv. ii. 42 (Fi cleere stores, Ff2 3 4
dearie stones, mod. edd. clearstories).
clerk (archaic sense) : man of learning, scholar
MND. V. i. 93. H8 11. ii. 92*, Per. v. Gower 5 Deep
clerks she dumbs.
clerk -Uke : in a scliolarly way Wint. i. ii. 392.
clerkly adj. : scholarly, book-learned Wiv. rv. v. 58.
clerkly adv. : in a scholarly manner Gent. n. i. 119,
2H6 III. i. 179 ii/nominio^ts words, though c. couch'd.
clew: ball of tliread All's W. i. iii. 190 you have
wmind a goodly clew (fig.).
CLIPP -
38
- COACH-PZ:i.X.OW
cliff: see clef.
climate sb. : fonnerly used = region, countiy,
' tliiiie ', without ret. to climatic conditions K2
IV. i. 130 in a Christian climate, Cfes. i. iii. 32.
climate vb. (S.): to dwell in a particular region or
' clime,' reside AVint.v. i. MQuhihtymiDoc. here.
climature: (?) region (S.) Ham. i. i. 125 (Qo).
climb (obs. sense) : to reach by climbing, Gent. ii.
iv. 182 c. her wiudoic, iii. i. 115, Rom. il. v. 76 c.
a biril's nest ; fig. Tim. i. i. 77 To c. his happiness.
Cling' : to pinch with hunger Mac. v. v. 40.
clinquant : glittering H8 i. i. 19 Alt c, all in yokl.
clip (3 is tlie prevailing use)
1 to cut Per. V. iii. 74 cli/i to form.
2 to curtail, abbreviate LLL. v. ii. 600 Judas Mac-
cahms dipt is plain Judas, Lr. rv. vii. 6 Xor more
nor clipp'iJ, but so.
3 to emltiaoc, surround John v. ii. 34 Neptune's
arms, irho clijipdh tine about, 1H4 lli. i. 44 rlipp'd
in nilh the sia, 2H6 iv. i. 6 (Ff Cleap(c), 0th. in.
iii. 465, Ant. v. ii. 360, Cym. ii. iii. 139.
clipper : one who mutilates current coin by frau-
dulently paring the edges H5 iv. i. 249 (allusive
passage).
clip-winged (S.): having the wings clipped 1H4
III. i. 151 .1 clip-ii'inifd ijriffin.
cloak-bag: portmanteau Cym. iii. iv. 172; fig.
1H4 II. iv. 503 that staffed eloali-hay o/i/uts.
clock sb.: tieixt c. a)al c'., between the striking of
one hour and another; tell the c, count the
strokes of the clock Tp. ll. i. 297, R3 v. iii. 277.
clock vb. : to cluck Cor. v. iii. 163. TJ ' To cUuke,
or clocke, as a Henne,' Cotgr.
clock-setter : one who attends to and regulates
decks .Tdhn III. i. 324 Old Time the clock-setter.
clodpole: blockhead Tw.N. iii. iv. l11.
cloistress iS.): nun Tw.N. i. i. 28.
close sb.' [OFr. ' clos ', from Latin ' clausum 'J: en-
closure Tim. V. i. 210 a tree which ijrows here in
my close.
close sb.= (from the vb. close ; 2 and 3 not pre-S.)
1 conclusion of a piece of music, cadence K2 ii. i.
12 music at the c. (Qi), H5 I. ii. 182 Comjreeing in
a full and natural close, Like iiiusic.
2 union Gent. v. iv. 117, Tw.X. v. i. 162 the holy
close of lips.
3 close encounter, grapple 1H4 i. i. 13 tlie intestine
sliock And furious close of civil butchery.
close adj. and adv. (uses not now general)
1 enclosed, shut up, shut in, confined Gent. in. i.
236 c. prison (hence c. prisoner 0th. v. ii. 334),
MND. nr. ii. 7, Wint. rv'. iii. [iv.] 503, R3 iv. ii.
52 / uill take order for her keepiny c, H8 v. iv. 31,
Rom. nr. ii. 5 thy c. curtain, Lucr. 367.
2 free from obsei-vation, concealed, secret 2H6 n.
iv. 74 c. dealing, R3 I. i. 157 secret c. intent, Tim.
IV. iii. 143, Ham. n. i. 118 which, hciny kept c;
often in phrase stand c. Ado in. iii. 113, 3H6 iv.
V. 17, Mac. V. i. 23, also absol. Tw.N. n. v. 23
close ( = be still) ; used adverbially = secretly Shr.
Ind. 1. 127 171 a napkin heinj close convey'd, 1H6 i.
iv. 9. close entrencli'd.
3 practising secrecy, uncommunicative, not open
Meas. IV. iii. 127 In your close patience, John iv.
ii. 72 thai close aspect of his, 1H4 ii. iii. 115 Xo lady
closer, Mac. in. v. 7 close contriver of all harms,
Cym. nr. v. 85 Close villiiin.
close vb. (often used where ' enclose ' would now
be usual, e.g. Lucr. 761 Some purer chest to close
s(/ pure a lutml)
1 to'j.jin (hands) John ii. i. 533, Rom. ii. vi. 6.
2 to be united, meet H5 i. ii. 210 many lin(s close
in the dial's Centre, Mac. in. ii. 14 Hht'U close and
be herself.
3 to grapple 1H4 nr. ii. 133, 2H4 n. i. 21.
4 to come to terms, agree Gent. n. v. 13, Wint. iv.
iii. [iv.] 834, 2H4 ii. iv. 358, Cses. ni. i. 202, Ham.
II. i. 45 He c-s with you in this consequence ; to take
a lower stand, ' climb down ' Meas. v. i. 341.
closely (obs. in both S. uses)
1 in close confinement Shr. i. i. 187 closely mew'd
Iter up, R3 i. i. 38.
2 secretly, covertly, privately LLL. iv. iii. 137 c.
shrouded in this bush, R3 in. i. 159, Rom. v. iii.
255 Meaniny to keep her closely at my cell. Ham. in.
i. 29 ((f hate closely sent for Hamlet hither.
closeness : retirement, seclusion Tp. i. ii. 90.
closet (1 is freq. ; also fig. Lucr. 1659, Sonn. xlvi. 6)
1 private room, spec, private apartment of a mon-
arch or potentate John iv. ii. 267, H5 v. ii. 210,
Coes. n. i. 35.
2 private repository or cabinet for papers Cajs. in.
ii. 135, Mac. v. i. 6 unlock her closet, take forth
paper, Lr. in. iii. 12.
close-tongxi'd (S.) : uncommunicative Lucr. 770.
closure (2 not recorded before S.)
1 enclcjsure, bound, limit R3 in. iii. 10 'Within the
yuUty closure of thy undls. Yen. 782 titc quiet
closure of my breast, Sonn. xlviii. 11.
2 conclusion, end Tit. v. iii. 134.
cloth (3 in use about 1450-1650)
1 haiulkerchief, napkin 3H6 i. iv. 157, Cviu. v. i. 1,
Per. in. ii. 87.
2 dress, livery Cym. n. iii. 128 a hildiny for u
liiery, a se/uire's cloth.
3 painted cloth, hanging for a room painted or
worked with figures or mottoes, tapestry LLL.
v. ii. 577, Troil. v. x. 47, Lucr. 245.
Clothair, Clotharius: one of tlie French kings
of the Merovingian dynasty H5 i. ii. 67 ; as a
type of antiquity H8 i. iii. 10.
clotpoll, -pole: (a pei-son's) 'thick' head Cym.
IV. ii. 184 5 blockhead, dolt = clodpole Troil. ii.
i. 128, Lr. I. iv. 51 (Qq clatpole). ^'Clat' is
a wide-spread dial, form (= clod of earth), by the
side of ' clot ' and ' clod '.
cloud sb. : dark spot on tho face of a horse (used
punningly) Ant. in. ii. 51.
cloud vb. : recorded first from S. in senses ' to over-
spread with gloom or sorrow ' 3H6 iv. i. 74, ' cast
a slur upon, asperse' Wint. i. ii. 280, ' to become
gloomy ' LLL. v. ii. 729.
cloudy : chiefly fig. =gloomy, sullen Mac. iii. vi. 41.
clout (1 see also babe of clouts)
1 piece of cloth, rag R3 i. iii. 177, Rom. ii. iv. 221
as pale as any c, Ham. n. ii. 537, Ant. iv. vii. 6'.
2 square piece of canvasat the archei-y butts, which
was the mark aimed at LLL. iv. i. 138, 2H4 in.
ii. 52 (see clap vb. 3), Lr. iv. vi. 94.
clouted^ : (a) patched, (b) studded with heavy nails
2H6 IV. ii. 199 clouted shoon, Cym. iv. ii. 214 My
clouted broyues.
cloy : (?) to claw Cym. v. iv. 118 cloys his leak.
cloyless (S.)-. that does not satiate Ant. ii. i. 25.
cloyment (S.): satiety Tav..N. n. iv. 101 surfeit, c.
club: lH6i. iii. 85 I'll call for clubs {^VU sinnmun
assistance), H8 v. iv. 54, Tit. n. i. 37, Rom. i. i.
79. 11 'Prentices and clubs' was the rallying
cry of the London ajiprentices.
cluck : in mod. edd. for clock vb. Cor. v. iii. 163.
clue : see clew.
clusters: crowds, mobs Cor. iv. vi. 123, 129 Here
come the clusters; so clust'ring, thronged 1H6
IV. vii. 13 the clusl'rint/ battle of the French.
clutch : to clench (the hand) Meas. in. ii. 51, John
n. i. 589 //(((It the poHer to clutch my liand.
coach-fellow : horse yoked in the same carriage
with another, fig. couiiianioii, mate Wiv. n. ii. 8.
CO- ACT —
co-act: to act together Troil. v. ii. 115.
co-active : acting in concert luith Wint. i. ii. 142.
coal (the following are special uses)
1 dead cualis, cinder(s, charreti fuel Wint. v. i. (J8,
fig. John V. ii. 83 tlie dead coal of mas ; (lience,
sing.) aslies Cor. iv. vi. l:J8.
2 carry coals, do dirty worlc, (hence) submit to
insult H5 m. ii. 51 / kuiw by that puce o/ xtnkc
the men would carry coals, Rom. i. i. 2.
coarse (once in S.) : inferior H8 iii. ii. 240.
coarsely (once in y.) : sliglitingly, meanly AlI'sW.
iir. V. 67 Reports hut coarsely of Iter.
coast (2 old edd. cost, wliicli some take to be the
verb ' cost ' = cause the loss of)
1 to go a roundabout way, travel circuitously Err.
I. i. 134 And, c-inn lioimward, came to Epliesus,
H8 111. ii. 38 liow lie c-s And /(edges liis own way ;
to malce progress against obstacles Yen. 870 all in
haste she coasteth to tlie cry.
2 to assail, attack 3H6 i. i. 268 \Yhose hauyhty spirit
. . . Wdl coast my crown.
coasting*: (a) accosting (cf. coast 2) ; (b) hesitating
approach of a suitor (cf. coast 1) Troil. iv. v. 5'J
Thalyiie acoastiny {uccostiwji) welcome ere it comes.
coat (the ordinary sense, with proverbial phrases
pertaining to it, is common Wiv. iil. v. 147 there's
a hole made in your best coat, H5 in. vi. 'J2, Otli.
I. i. 53 when they haie lined their coats ; be in (a
person's) coat, stand in his shoes Tw.N. iv. i. 33)
1 =coat of arms, or coat-armour Wiv. i. i. 17, &c.
MND. III. ii. 213, K2 in. i. 24, 1H4 iv. ii. 49 <i
herald's coat ; fig. Compl. 2'iiCy s/iirils of richest coal .
2 = coat of mail K2 i. iii. 75, 1H4 iv. i. 100.
CoMoaf: 'little loafe made witli a round head'
(Miiisheu 1617) Troil. ii. i. 41.
cock ' (the foil, senses occur each onco)
1 weather-cock l.r. in. ii. 3. [Tim. ii. ii. 172'.
2 spout or pipe to let out liquor, tap (in fig. phrase)
3 in fire-arms, part of the mechanism for discharg-
ing the piece H5 it. i. 55.
cock^ : small ship's boat, cockboat Lr. iv. vi. 20.
cock^ : perversion of ' God ' in oaths Shr. iv. i. 121
Cock's jiassion. Ham. iv. v. 02 By Cock ; also cock
and pie Wiv. i. i. 319, in wliich ' pie ' is com-
monly taken to be the word meaning ' directory
of divine service'.
cock-a-hoop: setc.*, orig. = to drink without stint,
make good elieer recklessly, (hence) to cast off
all restraint, give the rem to disorder, set all by
the e:»is Rom. i. v. 85.
cockatrice : =basilisk 1, Rom. in. ii. 47 the deatli-
iliirtini/ eye of cockatrice.
cocker'd: indulged, pampered John v. i. 70.
cockle' : prob. darnel, Loliuni temulentum (the
' tares ' of Matthew xiii. 25) LLL. iv. iii. 383
Sow'd cockle reap'd no corn ; fig. Cor. in. i. 69 The
cockle of rebellion.
cockle^ : applied to any bivalve shell, esp. that of
the scallop Shr. iv. iii. 66, Per. TV. iv. 2 Sail seas
in c-s : cockle hat, liat with a scallop-shell stuck
in it, worn by pilgrims as a sign of their having
been to the shrine of St. Jamesof Compostellain
Sjiain Ham. iv. v. 25 (quoting an old ballad).
cockled: liaving a shell (S.)' LLL. iv. iii. 338
iiickhd snails.
cockney : eft'eminate or foppish fellow Tw.N. iv. i.
15 / am afraid this great lubber, the world, will
prove a cockney ; squeamish woman Lr. ii. iv. 123.
cockpit: properly, enclosed place for fighting-
cocks, transf. applied to a theatre H5 Prol. 11.
cock-shut tune'* : evening twilight, (a) time when
woodcocks were caught in nets as they ' shot '
through the glades of the woods ; (b) time at
which poultiy are shut up R3 v. iii. 70.
39 ^; - COI.I.IED
cock-sure: perfectly secm-e or safe 1H4 ii. i. 95
We steal as in a castle, cock-sure. ^ The modern
senses are post-S. [236.
Cocytus : river of the infernal regions Tit. ii. iii.
codding : (?) lustful Tit. v. i. 99.
codling": immature or half-grown apple Tw.N. i.
v. 108 a c. when, 'tis almost an appU.
cod-piece: part of male attire made indelicately
conspicuous in S. 's time ; tig. in Meas. in. ii. 124.
coliin : pic-crust Tit. v. ii. 189 of the paste a c. I will
rear. Cf. clstard-coffin.
cog (1, 2 common Eliz. ; 3 notpre-S.)
1 to employ fraud or deceit, cheat Ado v. i. 95,
LLL. V. ii. 236, R3 i. iii. 48, Tim. v. i. 100, Otli.
IV. ii. 132.
2 to use flattery, fawn Wiv. in. iii. 76.
3 to wheedle (a thing) from a person Cor. in. ii. 133.
cognition : knowledge, consciousness Troil. v.
ii. 61 cognition of what I feci.
cognizance: mark or token by which a thing is
known 1H6 ii. iv. 108 c. of my blood-drinkiuq
hale, Cym. n. iv. 127 The c. of her incontiiiincy;
transf. from the proper liLialdic .sense of 'device
or emblem worn by retainers', which occurs in
Coes. n. ii. 89 relicx, and co(/iiizancc.
cohere: to agree {with) Meas. ii. i. 11, Tw.N. v. i.
2(12 ; so coherence, agreement 2H4 v. i. 72 ;
coherent, in accordance AUsW. in. vii. 39.
cohort : band of soldiers Lr. i. ii. 167 (Qq).
coif: see cjuoif.
coign : corner-stone Cor. v. iv. 1 (Ff Co/h), Per. in.
Prol. 17 ; c. of vantage, position (properly, a pro-
jecting coiner) affording facility for observation
or action Mac. i. vi. 7.
coilikept a coil*, in F., acoyle, bustled about, pestered
All'sW. II. i. 27 : see a'3)
1 noise, disturbance Err. in. i. 48.
2 fuss, to-do Ado in. iii. 99, Jcibn n. i. 165 ; mortal
coil, bustle or turmoil of tills mortal life Ham. in.
i. 67 Whin we hate shufflid off this mortal coil.
coistrel: knave, base fellow Tw.N. i. iii. 4', (Fi
Coyslrill), Per. iv. vi. 181 (Qqi23 custerell).
Colhrand : Danish giant in ancient legend John i.
i. 225, H8 v. iv. 23.
cold sb.: coldness H8 iv. ii. 98 of an earthy cold.
cold adj. (5 the meaning is Somewhat doubtful)
1 delibeiato, cool 2114 in. ii. 136 a c. soldier, v. ii.
98 c. ciiiisidininK, Cym. ii. iii. 2 the most coldest
[man] that eier tumid up ace.
2 devoid of sensual heat, chaste Tp. iv. i. 66 cold
nymphs, MND. i. i. 73, Kam. iv. vii. 172, Cym. v.
v. 182, Comp!. 293 cold modesty.
3 gloomy, dispirited, hopeless AU'sW. ii. i. 147
Where hope is coldest, 1H.4 ii. iii. 35 cold heart, 2H4
V. ii. 31, 3H6 in. ii. 133. [535.
4 chilling, damping 2H6 in. i. 86 C. news, R3 iv. iv.
5 without power to move or influence Gent. iv. iv.
188, Mer.V. il. vii. 73 your suit is cold.
6 (of scent) not strong, faint Tw.N. ii. v. 136 at a
c. scent, Yen. 694 the c. fault ; cf. Wint. ii. i. 150.
coldly : calmly, tranquilly, coolly Err. v. i. 273,
Ado lu. ii. 134, John n. i. 53 We coldly pause for
thic, Kom. III. i. 57 ; lightly, with inditt'erence
Ham. IV. iii. 65.
cold-n^oving: frigid, distant Tim. n. ii. '222 c. nods.
collateral: indirect All'sW. i. i. 100, Ham iv. v.206.
coUeagued: allied Ham. i. ii. 21.
collect : to gather (information), deduce, infer 2H6
in. i. 35, H8 i. ii. 130, in. ii. 295 the articles
Ciilhrtid from his life.
collection: inference, deduction Ham. iv. v. 9, v.
ii. 199, Cym. v. v. 433 I can Make no c. of it.
collied: blackened, darkened MND. i. i. 145 the c.
night, Otli. ii.iii. 'Zi)8 my best judgement c. (Qq cooW).
COI.I.OP —
40
- COMMANDMENT
collop : slice of meat ; applied to offspring (IGtli c.
use) AViiit. I. ii. 138, 1H6 v. iv. 18.
Colme-kill : lona, Mac. n. iv. 33.
coloqtiintida : the colocynth oi- bitter-apple,
C'itriilUis Colocviitliis, which furnishes a purga-
tive drug Otli. i. iii. 356.
Colossus: bronze statue of Apollo of enormous
size, one of the seven wonders of the world,
reputed to have stood astride the entrance to the
liarbour of Rhodes, Cses. i. ii. 135 he doth bestride
the narrow world like a Colossus ; hence colossus-
wise Troil. v. v. 9.
colour sb. (after the literal sense ami sense 1, 4 is
the most freq. in S.; the word easily lends itself
to quibbling ; of doubtful place is All'sW. ir. v.
65 holds not colour irith = is not in keeping with)
1 pi. militai-y ensigns (freq.); phr. fear no c-s, fear
no enemy, have no fear Tw.N. i. v. C, 2H4 v. v.
94; inuhr her colours, in her party, led by lier
Cym. I. iv. 21.
2 appearance, semblance 1H6 ii. iv. 34 without all
colour Of. . .flalterij, Ham. in. iv. 129.
3 general ' complexion ' or tone, character, kind
AYL. I. ii. 108-9 Sport! Of what c.?, Lr. ii. ii. 145
n fellow of the self-same colour (Qq nature).
4 pretext, pretence Gent. iv. ii. 3 Under the c. of
couimendiwi him, 2H4 v. v. 91, (with quibble) 1H6
II. iv. 34, 2H6 III. i. 236, Cues. ii. i. 29, Ant. i. iii.
32 seek no colour for yoiir ijoiny, Lucr. 267.
5 allcgeable ground or reas'on, excuse 2H4 i. ii. 280
I have the wars for my colour, Cym. iir. i. 61 against
all colour ( = iii opposition to all reason).
colour vb. (2 cf COLOUR sb. 4)
1 to dye Shr. i. i. 211, iv. i. 137, Wint. iv. ii. [iii.]
49, Cym. v. i. 2.
2 to give a specious appearance to, gloss, disguise
Meas. II. i. 237, 1H4 i. iii. 109, Ham. ii. ii. 296,
HI. i. 45 TItat show of such em exercise may colour
Your loialiness.
colourable : specious, plausible LLL. iv. ii. 158.
colour'd: dei)icted in colour, painted Lucr. 1497
jinicifd p(iisir(juss and colour'el sorroip.
coltsb.: youiifi inexperienced fellow Mer.V. i. ii. 43.
colt vb.:'to befool 1H4 ii. ii. 43. ^1 In use 1580-1620.
co-mart (Qq) : Ham. i. i. 93 (Ff Cou'nant).
coiubat: always = figlit between two, duel, e.g.
Ham. I. i. 84; siwjle combat 1H6 i. ii. 95, 2HCi.
iii. 212, personal combat Ant. iv. i. 3. [230.
combinate : betrothed, affianced (S.) Meas. in. i.
combination: agreement, treaty, alliance (S.)
Tw.N. v. i. 395, H8 i. i. 169 The articles o' the
combination. Ham. lii. iv. 60.
combined: tied, bound (S.) Meas, r\'. iii. 153 coiif-
b/iied by a S(ured row ; cf. AYL. v. iv. 157 Thy faith
tini fancfi in Hue doth combine.
combustions: combustible (S.) Ven. 1162.
com.e (1 is f]e(|iu-nt=come to be)
1 to iHtdine MND. II. ii. 92, Ham. v. i. 170 How
came he mad ?
2 phrases : c. from thy ward, leave thy posture of
defence Tp. i. ii. 468 ; He's cominy, he begins to
relent Meas. ii. ii. 125 ; c. to it, reached the age
of puberty, attained full age 2H4 in. ii. 273, Troil.
I. ii. 89; came to himself, recovered consciousness
Ctes. I. ii. 271 ; c. home, to come away from its
hold, so as to drag AVint. l. ii. 214 ; c. short, to
fall .short {of) Meas. v. i. 214, Ado in. v. 45, Ham.
IV. vii. '.0, Sonn. Ixxxiii. 7 ; similarly Ham. in.
ii. 29 this overdone, or come tardy off, Lr. I. iii. 10
If you come slack of former services.
come about, (1) to veer round Mer.V. ii. vi. 64 the
■wind is c. abend, (2) to turn out to be true Kom. i.
iii. 45 how a jest shall c. about ; come behind
for the purpose of attacking 2H6 iv. vii. 87 ;
come by, to get hold of, become possessed of
(freq.) Tp. n. i. 300, Mer.V. i. ii. 9, C*s. n. i. 259 ;
come forth, to be published Tim. i. i. 26 ; come
in, (1) to make a pass or liome-tlirust, get within
tlie opponent's guard 1H4 n. iv. 245, 2H4 in. ii.
306 ; (2) to give in, yield, relent John v. ii. 70 ;
come near (see near) ; come off, (1) to escape,
get clear (freq.) ; to leave the field of combat,
retire from an engagement Jolni v. v. 4, H5 in.
vi. 79, Cor. i. vi. 1 we are c. off Like Bomans ; (2) to
come to the issue, turn out Meas. ii. i. 58, Tim.
I. i. 30 ; (3) to pay, disburse Wiv. iv. iii. 12 I II
metke them pay... they must c. off; come over,
(1) to surpass Ado v. ii. 7 In so hif/h a style . . .
that no man living shall c. over it ; (2) to come as
an overshadowing or overmastering influence,
take possesion of (fig.) H5 i. ii. 267, 0th. iv. i. 20
it c-s o'er my memory ; (3) to liglit upon Tim. in.
ii. 86 Nejr came any of his bounties over me ; come
up, (1) to take rise, come into fashion 2H6 1 v. i i. 1 1
since ijentlemenceitnenp; (2) to rise /o Wint. ii. i.
192 ; come upon, to approach Troil. iv. iii. '.itlie
liour . . . Comes fast upon.
comeddle : to mix Ham. iii. ii. 74 (Qq com{m)edled,
Ff co-inine/led, mod. edd. cotnmine/led).
comely : fittingly Compl. 65 comeiy-disfant.
comfort: used as interj. (S.)=cheer up, take heart
Wint. IV. iii. [iv.] 854 C., good c, John m. iv. 4,
R2 III. ii. 75, E3 li. ii. 89, Ant. in. vi. 89 Best of
c. ! \—what c.?=wliat cheer? Meas. iii. i. 53, R2
II. i. 72 ; — lutve c, be of {i/ooel) c, be of good cheer
Tp. I. ii. 492, Tw.N. in.' iv. 375, John v. iii. 9, v.
vii. 25.
comfort vb. (2 is peculiar to S.)
1 to minister relief to, relieve LLL. iv. ii. 44,
Wint. II. iii. 56 in c-ing your evils. Tit. ii. iii. 209
comfort me, and help nie oat, Lr. iii. v. 21.
2 to take comfort, be consoled AYL. ii. vi. 5,
Ant. I. ii. 175.
comfortable (2 was a common Eliz. sense)
1 affording comfort, consolation, or help All'sW.
I. i. 87 He c. to my mother, Rom. v. iii. 148, Lr. i.
iv. 3.30 kind and c; of things Tw.N. i. v. 240, R2
II. ii. 76c. words, Lr. ir. ii. 171, Lncr. 164 Noc. star.
2 cheerful, ' of good comfort ' AYL. ii. vi. 9 be c,
R3 IV. iv. 174, Cor. i. iii. 2, Tim. iii. iv. 72.
comfortless (1 now rare of persons ; 2 obs.)
1 unconsoled, inconsolable Err. v. i. 80 grim and
c. elespair, H8 li. iii. 105 The queen is comfortless.
2 giving no comfort John v. vi. 20, Tit. iii. i. 250,
Lr. III. vii. 85.
coming'(s)-in : income Mer.V. ii. ii. 178, H5 iv. i.
263 Wheit are thy rents 7 wheit are thy comings-in ?
co-mingle : to niingle together Ham. iii. ii. 74 (so
Fi co-mingled, mod. edd. commingled, Qq comedlcd).
comingf-on: complaisant AYL. iv. i. 118.
comma (1 term of rhetoric ; 2 fig. for punctuation)
1 short member of a sentence (fig.) Tim. I. i. 49* iio
levell'd malice Infects one comma in tlie course I hold.
2 break of continuity Ham. v. ii. 42* a c. 'tween
their amities (various conj. and explanations).
command sb. : upon commemd, (1) at a given order
R3 I. iv. 202 ,- (2) at pleasure AYL. ll. vii. 125.
command vb. (1 is freq.; 2 is rare) [8.
1 to demand with authority 2H6 v. i. 49, CjTll. i. v.
2 to lay commands npein Mac. in. i. 16.
commanded [from command sb.] : entrusted with
command Cor. i. i. 268 tei be c. Under Couiinius.
commander : applied to Death, Ven. 1004.
commandment (old edd. usually commandonent
or command'mcnt, representing foin--syll. pro-
nunciation, which still survives dial.)
1 at my, your c, at my, your service Mer.V. n. ii.
32, 2H4 v.iii.l41 ; fl^c, at pleasure 2H4 in. ii. 27.
COMMEDDLE —
41
— COMPANY
2 ten comuiandments, the fingers 2H6 i. iii. 145.
^ In frequent use about 1600.
commeddle : see co-meddi.e.
commence: 2H4 iv. iii. 126 karniwj, a were hoard
of gold kept by a devil (ill sack c-s it and sets it in
eict and iise ; allusion probably to the conimence-
iiient at Cambridge University, i.e. proceetling
to the degree of Master or Doctor and so quali-
fying to teach.
comjuend sb. (1 late examples of this sense)
1 commendation Mer.V. ii. ix. 90* coniimnds and
courteous breath, Per. ii. ii. 49 speak in his just c.
2 pi. greetings, remembrances, compliments R2
III. i. 38, III. iii. 126 kind coiniiiends.
commend vb. (senses 2, 3, and tlie sense ' to praise '
are tlie most freq.)
1 to deliver, commit, entrust LLL. iii. i. 177 to her
white hand see thou do c. This seal'd-np counsel, R2
III. iii. 116, H8 V. i. 17, Mac. i. vii. 11, Lr. ii. iv.
28, Lucr. 436.
2 to commit to the care or attention of Gent. i. i.
17, Cor. IV. V. 150 Let me c. thee first to those . . .
3 to recommend to kindly remembrance, ' remem-
ber' Wiv. I. iv. 164 (/■ Ihou scest Iter before nie, c.
me ; refl. Mer.V. in. ii. 233 Siynior Antonio Com-
mends him to you.
co'mmendable (in Mer.V. i. i. Ill ? comme'»dabh):
(?) bestowing commendation, commendatory Cor.
IV. vii. 51*.
commendation : pi. greetings, remembrances
tiont. T. iii. 53.
comment sb.: mental observation, pondering
John V. vii. 4 ; Ham. iii. ii. 84* the lerij commiut
of (lijj soul, thy most intense observation (Fi my).
comment vb. (2 cf. comment sb.)
1 to discourse or expatiate upon Gent. n. i. 44
a pliysician to c. on your malady, Sonn. xv. 4.
2 to ponder, meditate R3 iv. iii. bl fearful c-imj.
Commentaries : the Commentarii or memoirs of
C;esar 2H6 iv. vii. 65.
commerce: intercourse Tw.N. m. iv. 194, Ham.
III. i. 110. Ti The orig. stressing is comme'rcc,
c. g. Troil. III. iii. 206.
commission (2 the commonest use in S.)
1 order, mandate Meas. i. i. 13, Lr. v. iii. 254.
2 warrant All'sW. ii. iii. 280, 1H6 v. iv. 95 letters
of\-., H8 I. ii. 20, &c., Rom. iv. i. 64, Lr. v. iii. 65
Bore the commission of my place awl person.
3 in c, entrusted witli an office Mac. i. iv. 2 ; cf.
Cor. IV. vii. 14 Join'd in c. with htm ; m c. u'illi,
sei-ving as a justice of the peace with 2H4 iii. ii. 98.
4 body of persons cliarged with some specified
( ffice Lr. in. vi. 41 You are o' the commission.
commit: to sin Gent. v. iv. 77 ; spec, to commit
adultery Lr. in. iv. 80.
commixture (twice only ; 2 peculiar to S.)
1 compound 3H6 ii. vi. 6 thy tough commij-tures.
2 'complexion,' bodily habit or constitution LLL.
V. ii. 297.
commodious : accommodating (S.) Troil. v. iL 192.
commodity (sense ' wares, mercliandise' is freq.)
1 convenience Mer.V. in. iii. 27, Wint. in. ii. 94*.
2 expediency Jolin ii. i. 597* break failh upon C.
3 advantage, profit 2H4 i. ii. 28-21 will turn diseases
to commodity, Lr. iv. i. 21.
4 quantity of wares, parcel, consignment, lot Tw.N.
III. i. 51 his next c. of hair, 1H4 i. ii. 93 n c. of good
names, iv. ii. 19; spec, parcel of goods sold on
credit by a usurer to a needy person, who im-
mediately raised some cash by re-selling them at
a lower price, often to the usurer himself Meas.
IV. iii. 5 he's in for a commodity of brown paper
and old ginqer.
common 'sb.' (3 (i) not prc-S.; 3 (ii) only S.)
1 common people, commonalty Cor. i. i. 157.
2 common land CiVS. iv. i. 27 graze in c-s ; fig. or
allusively Err. ii. ii. 29 malce a c. of my serious
hours, LLL. ii. i. 221 My lips are no common.
3 the common, (i) that wliich is usual Cor. iv. i.
32, (ii) the vulgar tongue AYL. v. i.bb this ft male,
— wliich in tlie common is, uvman.
common adj. (all the foil, are common uses)
1 belonging equally to more than one, or to all
mankind 1114 ii. i. Wihomo is a c. name toall men
(cf. the grammatical term ' common noun '), Mac.
in. i. 69 the common enemy of man.
2 belonging to the community at large, free to
everyone, public Wiv. iv. v. 125, Meas. iv. ii. 9
n c. executioner, AYL. ii. iii. 33 the c. i-oad, C<es.
I. iii. 15, III. i. 80 ; c. right, the right of every
citizen Meas. ii. iii. 5 ; prostituted Ado iv. i. 65.
3 general All'sW. il. v. 58, 2II6 i. i. 207, Cor. ii. iii.
100 ; generally known or spoken of John iv. ii.
187 common in their mouths.
4 usual, prevalent Gent. v. iv. 62, Sonn. cii. 12.
5 ordinary, undistinguished 1H6 iv. i. 31 any c.
wan, 3H6 i. i. 9 common soldiers, Ven. 293 So did
this horse excel a c. one ; common sense, ordinary or
untutored perception LLL. i. i. 57.
6 belonging to the commonalty, of the people or the
multitude Err. ni. i. 101, 2H4 i. iii. 97, Cor. i. vi.
43 The common file, Lr. v. iii. 50.
common vb. (early variant of commune)
1 to share, take part Ham. iv. v. 202 I must c. iiilh
your grief (F, common, Qq Ff2 3 4 and mod. edd.
cominiiiK).
2 to talk, converse Meas. iv. iii. 112 For I would
common with you of such things (Fi commone).
commoner : prostitute All'sW. v. iii. 196, Otli. iv.
ii. 72.
common-hackney'd : vulgarized 1H4 in. ii. 40.
common-kissingf : kissing all alike Cym. in.
iv. IGG.
commonty, meaning 'common, commons' used
blunderingly for 'comedy' in Shr. Ind. ii. 140.
comm.otion (I occurs four times, 2 thrice)
1 tumult, sedition 2116 iii. i. 358.
2 mental perturbation "Troil. ii. iii. 187.
commtine (cf. common vb.)
1 to converse Wint. n. i. 1(51 {comnm'ne).
2 to talk over Shr. i. i. 101 (co'mmuni).
community : commonness 1H4 in. ii. 77.
compa'ct sb. (once co'mpact 1H6 v. iv. 163 ; not
prc-S.) : once in bad sense, plot, conspiracy Err.
II. ii. 165.
compact ppl. a.' [Latin 'compact-' from ' com-
piiigere ' to fasten together]
1 knit together Lr. i. ii. 7.
2 made up or composed of Err. in. il. 22, MND. v.
i. 8 of imagination all compact, AYL. li. vii. 5, Tit.
V. iii. 88, Ven. 149 a spirit all compact of fire.
3 solid Lucr. 1423.
compact ppl. a.^ [1 atin 'compact-' from ' compacisci'
to make a compact] : leagued Meas. v. i. 236, Lr.
11. ii. 125 (Ff; Cl<ici)niuncl).
compact vb. (2 peculiar to S.)
1 to combine, incorpoiate Lucr. 530.
2 to confirm, strengthen Lr. i. iv. 304 add such
ruisuns if your own, As may compact it more.
companion sb. : used as term of contempt = fellow
Err. IV. iv. 63, AU'sAV. v. iii. 252, 2H4 n. iv. 130
scurry companion, 2H6 iv. x. 33, CiVS. iv. iii. 137,
Oth. IV. ii. 141.
companion vl>. : to make a companion Ant. r. ii. 31.
companionship: Tim. r. i. 251 All of compan.on-
ship, all belonging to one party.
company .sb. (S. is earliest for the application to
a ship's crew)
COMPANY -
42
— COMPOUND
1 from coiiijxitnj, alone, in solitude 1H6 v. v. 100:
for company, by way ofsociablenessSlir. iv. i. 180.
2 companion All'sW. iv. iii. 37 ; fig. MND. I. i. 219
vcii' frkwh anil xlntnyer companies, H5 I. i. bb Bis
com Jinnies xtnhtltr'd.
company vb.: to accompany Cym. v. v. 409.
comparative (the S. vises are unique) : adj.
1 = ' full of comparisons ' (cf. comparison 2) 1H4 i.
ii. 90 conijKiratiK, rascalliest, su'(et youny prince.
2 (a) servinu as a means of comparison, (b) com-
parable (witli) Cym. ii. iii. 134* C. for your virtues,
sb. (a) one wlio is 'full of comparisons,' as above,
(b) rival, compeer 1H4 iii. ii. C7* every beardless
rain comparative.
compare sb. : compai-ison Tw.N. ii. iv. 103, Sonn.
XX i. 5.
compare vb. (2 cf. 'Art stryving to comijayre
Witli Nature', Spenser)
1 to draw comparisons R2 ir. i. 186.
2 c. ii'ifli, to vie witb, rival MND. ii. ii. 99, 211411.
iv. 179, Ham. v. ii. 146 test I should compare Willi
liim in (.rnilcnce.
comparison (1 perhaps there is a suggestion of
' caparison ' intended)
1 pi. Ant. III. xi. [xiii.] 26 his f/ay comparisons,
advantages which appear when we are compared.
2 satirical or scoffing simile Ado ii. i. 154, LLL. v.
ii. 852 Fall of comparisons and wounding flouts.
conipass (sense ' range of voice ' occurs Ham. in.
ii. 391)
1 circle, circumference Gent. ii. vii. 51 Wliatc. irill
you wear your fartliimjale .?, Wiv. v. v. 72, R2 ii. i.
101, 3H6 IV. iii. 46 the c. o//(cr [Fortune's] wheel.
2 circular course, circuit Ctes. v. iii. 25 My life is
run his compass, Otli. iii. iv. 72 A sihyl, that had
numher'd in the world The sun to course two hun-
dred compasses.
3 bounds, limits ; range, reach R2 iii. iv. 40, 1H4
HI. iii. 22 in yood c. ( =within reasonable limits),
H8 I. i. 36 Beyond thouylil's compass, Tit. V. i.
126, 0th. III. iv. 21 (Qq compassiny).
compassed: round, arched Shr. iv. iii. 139a small
c. cape, Veil. 272 his c. crest; — c. irindow, semi-
circular l)ay-window Troil. I. ii. 118.
compassion vb. : to pity Tit. iv. i. 124.
compassionate: (a) feeling pity for oneself, (b)
sni riiwfully lamenting, (c) piteous R2 i. iii. 174'.
compeer : to rival, equal Lr. v. iii. 70 he compeers
/III hfsf.
compel : to take or get by force, extort AH'sW.
IV. iii. 361 I'd compel it of you, 2H4 iv. i. 147, H5
in. vi. 119, H8i. ii. 57.
compelled: enforced, unsought, involuntary
Meas. II. iv. 58 Our co'inpill'd sins, H8 li. iii. 87
This co'inpell'd fortune. Ham. iv. vi. 18«f. r«/oi(r,
Lucr. 1708 this cennpe'lled stain.
competence : adequate supply 2H4 v. v. 71.
competent: sufficient, adequateTw.N. in. iv. 273,
Hani. 1. i. 90.
competitor: associate, ]iartncr Gent. ii. vi. 35,
W't w. iv. 505 mejre competilurs Flmk to the rebels.
Ant. v. i. 42. ^ This is tbe coniinoncr H. use.
conipile : to compose as an original work LLT,. iv.
iii. 134 J)id never sonnet for her sake comjiih,
Sunn. Ixxviii. 9.
complain: - 'complain of, bewail R2 in. iv. 18,
Lucr. ls:{',i //kU late conijilain'il }lir iiromis tii Us.
complement (cf. roMruMENT) : that which goes
to ' conijilete ' the character of a gentleman in
regard to external aj)pearance or demeanour
Wiv. IV. ii. .5, LIjL. I. i. 167 A man of c-s, m. i,
24, H5 II. ii. 134 derk'd in modest c. (=unosfenta-
tioiis demeanour), Hom. ii. iv. 21 captain of c-s,
0th. I. i. 63 c. extern. ^ Mod. cdd. fluctuate be-
tween comjilement and compliment in some of
these passages.
com.plete (stressed co'mplete in the attributive and
comple'te in the predicative position ; Ham. i. iv.
62 in co'mplete sleel = in full annour, Troil. iv. i.
27 -1 thousanel co'mplete courses of the sun, 3H6 ii.
V. 26 make the hour full comple'te)
1 perfect in nature or quality, perfectly consti-
tuted Meas. I. iii. 3 n complete bosom.
2 fully equipped or endowed, perfect, accom-
plislied H8 i. ii. 118, in. ii. 49 c. In mind and
feeiture, Troil. m. iii. 181 theju ijrcut and c. nmn,
'Tim. in. i. 10.
3 filled (with), full Gent. ii. iv. 74 c. . . . Witli eiH
ijeiiid yrace , Tim. iv. iii. 245 The one is fillinij still,
■never complete.
complexion (3 orig. as showing the bodily tem-
perament)
1 bodily habit or constitution, orig. supposed to
be constituted bj' the four ' humours ' Ham. v.
ii. 103 very sultry and hot for iny complexion.
2 constitution or habit of mind, disposition, tem-
perament, ' nature ' Ado ii. i. 307 of that jeetlons
c, Mer.V. iii. i. 32 H is the c. of them [birds] edl
to leave the dam ; quibblingly in LLL. i. ii. 83.
3 natural colour and appearance of the skin, esp.
of the face Tp. i. i. 34, Err. ill. ii. 104 What c. is
she of?—Swart, Cor. ii. i. 231, 0th. iv. ii. 61.
4 colour(fig.)Wint.i.ii.381 chenie/d c-s, H5ii. ii. 73
lose i'o much c.\ fig. 2H4 ii. ii. 6 it discolours the
c. ofmyyreatness. TJAYL. in. ii. 205 Good my c!
(' Rosalind appeals to her complexion not to be-
tray her by changing colour' Aldis Wright).
5 visible aspect, look (of objects in general) R2
in. ii. 194 the c. of the sky.
complice: confederate, comrade R2 ii. iii. 165,
2H4 I. i. 163. (Cf. ACCOMPLICE.)
compliment (so mod. edd. in passages bearing
the foil, meaning, where old edd. have comjile-
ment) : observance of ceremony in social rela-
tions, foniial civility or courtesy AYL. ii. v. 26
that tlicij call c. is like the encounter of tieo doq-
apcs, Tw.N. in. i. Ill, John i. i. 201, Roin. ii. ii. 89
fareivell c. .', Lr. I. i. 306, v. iii. 235, Ant. iv. iv. 32.
coinplimental : courteous Troil. in. i. 43 (Fi
eiimpliuini/iih.
complot sli. and vb. ( = ]ilot), stressed cei'mplot2l{6
111. i. 147, R2 I. i. 96, complo't R3 in. i. 192, R2 I.
iii. 189.
comply (1 rare sense ; 2 not pre-S.)
1 to fulfil, accomplish 0th. i. iii. 265.
2 'to use complements, or ceremonies, or kind
offices' (Florio), observe the formalities of
courtesyHam.il. ii.S'd^letmec.ieithyou, v. ii. 195.
compose (S. senses now obs. are)
1 to make up, fashion, construct, produce MND. i.
i. 48, All'sW. I. ii. 21, Troil. v. ii. 167h f«.s-^HefO»(-
pos\l by Vulcan's skill, Mac. I. vii. 73, Ham. in. i. 98.
2 to come to a settlement Ant. ii. ii. 15. [69.
composed: elaborately put together Gent. in. ii.
composition (3 peculiar to S.)
1 cunstitution John i. i. 88 the laryc composiliun of
this man, R2 ii. i. 73.
2 compact, agreement Jleas. i. ii. 2, v. i. 214, Jnhn
II. i. 561, Mac. i. ii. 61.
3 consistency 0th. i. iii. 1 There is no composition
in. these ucies That i/ivis Hum eridil.
composture: manure, comimst (■<.) Tim. iv. iii. 447.
composixre (imt pre-S. in either sense)
1 leniperanuiit, disposition Troil. n. iii. 2.54 of
sinit lomposiiri , Ant. I. iv. 22.
2 conilii nation Troil. n. iii. 110»,s/ro)/.r/f. (.Vfcoiinscl).
compound .sb. (the underlying meaning is 'com-
pounded drug ' Cym. i. v. 8)
COMFOUND —
43
— CONDITION
1 coiiipouiKl word Sonii. ly.x\iAco>iipoit»dssira)ige.
2 mass, liiiiip 1H4 it. iv. 138, 2114 ii. iv. 3:31.
componnd vb. (the following uses are obs.)
1 to fonstriict, form, make up, constitute H5 v. ii.
220 SIkiH not thou and I . . . compound a boy ?,
Tim. IV. ii. 35, iv. iii. 274.
2 to settle (a difference) Sin". l. ii. 27 c. /Ins quarrel,
K3 II. i. 75 ; alsointr. to agree, make terms, settle
Mcas. IV. ii. 25, Jolin it. i. 281 Till thou c. ichose
riijht is narlhicst, Lr. i. ii. 144 ; fig. H5 iv. vi. 33.
comprehend : used blunderingly for ' apprehend '
Ado in. iii. 25, ill. v. 50.
compromise :
1 settlement by arbitration Wiv. i. i. 34.
2 coming to tenus by concessions on both sides
John V. i. 67, K2 ii. i. 254.
compromis'd : come to an agreement Mer.V. i.
iii. 79 When Lahan and himself were compromis'd.
compt (cf. COUNT) : account, reckoning All'sW. v.
iii. 57 strikes some scores amtij From the great c,
Tim. 11. i. 35 have the dates in c. (i. e. for tlic cal-
culation of interest due), Mac. i. vi. 26 iu c.
( = accouiitable, subject to account), 0th. v. ii.
272 at c. (= at the day of reckoning, the judge-
ment day ; Qi count).
compter : = counter AV'int. iv. ii. [iii.] 38.
comptiljle: readily answering to, (lience) sus-
ceptible, sensitive to Tw.N. i. v. 188.
comptroller: officer in a great houseliold whose
duties were primarily to check expenditure and
so to manage in general HS i. iii. 07.
conipulsative (S.; Ff), compulsatory (Qq) : in-
volving compulsion Ham. l. i. 103 by stromj hand
And terms c. [ii. 44.
Com.pulsioii : compelling circumstances John v.
compulsive (not pre-S.) : exercising compulsion
Ham. III. iv. 86 c. ardour; (in physical sense)
driving or forcing onward 0th. in. iii. 455 the
Ponlick sea, Whose . . . c. course . . . [46.
com.punctious (not pre-S.) : remorseful Mac. i. v.
comrade (old edd. alsoc!(»irf((?e, comerade): stressed
comra'de 1H4 iv. i. 96, Ham. I. iii. 65 (Qq courcuje) \
co'mradc Lr. ii. iv. 213.
con (1 is freq.; 2 is still dial.)
1 to learn by heart MND. i. ii. 103, Troil. it. i. 18
(Q cunne), Cies. iv. iii. 97 coini'd by role.
2 con thanks, be grateful AlTsW. iv. iii. 175, Tim.
IV. iii. 431.
concave (obs. use) : hollow AYL. in. iv. 24, C'ompl.
1 concave iiomb.
co'nceal'd: secretly married Rom. tit. iii. 97»7ia/
siii/s My r. lady to cjur cancdl'd {Ff conceal'd) locel
concealment : secret, mystery 1H4 iii. i. 166.
conceit (it is often difficult to determine the pre-
cise meaning)
1 what is conceived in the mind, conception, idea,
thought LLL. Ti. i. 72, Mer.V. ni. iv. 2, Ham. iv.
V. 46"^ C. xqmn her father, 0th. in. iii. 115 Some
horrible conceit, Sonn. cviii. 13 the first c. of lore.
2 faculty of conceiving, apprehension, understand-
ing, mental faculty or capacity Err. iv. ii. 65,
AYIj. v. ii. 60 a i/entleman of good c, John in. iii.
50, Tioil. I. iii. 153 u'hose c. Lies in his hamstriny.
Per. III. i. 16.
3 personal opinion or estimate Gent. in. ii. 17 the
yood conceit I hold of thee, H8 ii. iii. 74.
4 imagination, fancy AYL. n. vi. 8, R2 ii. ii. 33,
Ham. in. iv. 113* C. in weakest bodies strone/esi
works, Lr.'iv. vi. 43; gaiety of imagination, wit
2H4 n. iv. 203"* there is no more c. in him than is
in a mallet.
5 fanciful design, device, invention 1H6 iv. i. 102,
Tit. IV. ii. 30, Ham. v. ii. 160 of very liberal c;
fancy article MND. i. i. 33 rinys, tjaivds, conceits.
conceit vb. (only thrice in S.)
1 to form a conception, or opinion of Cies. i. iii. 162
Him and his worth . . . you haie riyht wdl c-id, in.
i. 192 one of two bad ways you must conceit me.
2 to form an idea 0th. in. iii. 149 (Qq coniects).
conceited (the modern sense is not S.)
1 full of imagination or fancy, ingenious Wiv. i.
iii. 24, 2H4v. i.39, Lucr. 1371 thee. painter, Conipl.
16 her napkin . . . Which had on it c. characters.
2 possessed of an idea Tw.N. ni. iv. 326.
conceitless : witless Gent. iv. ii. 99.
conceive (1 and 2 were common Eliz. senses)
1 to take the meaning of (a person), understand
"Wiv. I. i. 251 c. me, c. me, Meas. n. iv. 142, MM).
IV. i. 220, Lr. i. i. 12 ; absol. 2H4 it. ii. 126 takes
■upon him not to c, Tp. iv. i. 50 M'ell, I conceiie.
2 to have a certain opinion of H8 i. ii. 105 The
yriee'd commons Hardly conceiie of me.
concent (old edd. consent, the common Eliz. form) :
harmony H5 i. ii. 181 yorcrnment . . . Put into
pai'ls, dulh keep in one concent, 206.
conception (2 with quibble on the meaning 'off
spring ')
1 mere fancy 0th. in. iv. 155.
2 design, plan Troil. i. iii. 312 I have a younrj con-
ception in my brain.
conceptions (S.) : fi-uitful Tim. iv. iii. 188.
concern (2 not pre-S. ; 3 is obs.)
1 trans, to have reference to, relate to 2H4 iv. i. 30
What do/h concern your coming.
2 to be of importance to Meas. i. i. 77, 0th. i. iii. 22.
3 intr. to be of importance Gent. i. ii. 73, LLL. iv.
ii. 149 ii may c. much, Wint. in. ii. 87' ; with pro-
noun 1H6 V. iii. 116 what c-s his freedom unto me?.
4 to befit MND. i. i. 60. [129.
concernancy (S.) : import, meaning Ham. v. ii.
concerning' : concern, atfair Meas. i. i. 56 As time
and our coiicerniiii/s shall importune, Ham. in. iv.
191 Such dear concertiinys.
concert : see consort.
conclave: college or whole body of cardinals H8
II. ii. 100 the holy conclaie.
conclude (special or obs. uses are the foil.)
1 be itc-d, to conclude, in brief Wint. x. ii. 203.
2 to come to a final arrangement or decision K2 r.
i. 156 c. and be aejrecd, 1H6 v. i. 5, 2H6 i. i. 218,
Cor. HI. i. 144, Ham. in. iv. 201 'tis so c-d on.
3 to decide, resolve K3 i. iii. 15, Cws. ir. ii. 93, Mac.
III. i. 141 It is concliuled. [i. 127.
4 intr. to be decisive, settle the matter John i.
conclusion (meanings ' end, close ' and ' inference '
freq.; in c. means (1) finally, e.g. Err. n. i. 74,
(2) in short, e. g. Gent. ii. i. 94, 0th i, i. 15)
1 problem, riddle Per. i. i. 56.
2 experiment 0th. i. iii. .334, Ant. v. ii. 356 She hath
pursu'd c-s infinite Of easy ways to die, Cj'm. i. v.
18 ; so try c-s Ham. in. iv. 195, Lucr. 1160.
concupiscible : lustful Meas. v. i. 99.
condemn: Ant. v. ii. 100 C-iny shadows quite
( = casting discredit upon unsubstantial things) ;
Sonn. xcix. 6 The lily I c-ed for thy hand (= 1
accused the lily of having stolen its whiteness
from thy hand).
condign: worthily deserved LLL. i. ii. 27; now
only applied to appropriate punishment, a use
originating in the phraseology of Tudor acts of
parliament 2H6 in. i. IZO condign punishment.
condition (1 and 6 are the commonest senses)
1 provision, stipulation (freq.) ; plira.se on condition
(that) 1H6 v. iii. 152, shortened to coiidilion. Troil.
T. ii. 78 Condition, I had gone bare-foot to India.
2 covenant, contract Tp. i. ii. 117, 120, Mer.V. i.
iii. 149 such . . . sums ets are Ej.press'd in the con-
dition, AU'sW. IV. ii. 30, 1116 v. iv. 165.
CONDITION ALLY
44
- CONJURATION
3 mode or state of being AYL. i. ii. 16, C«s. ii. i.
236 i'oitr neak condition (= constitution), Otli. i.
ii. 26, II. iii. 304.
4 social or official position, rank Tp. in. i. 59 I am
in my condition A prince, 2H4 iv. iii. CO, H5 iv.
iii. 63, 2H6 v. i. 64.
5 mental disposition, temper, character LLL. v. ii.
20 A light c. in a heauti/ dark, Mer.V. I. ii. 141 flic
condition of a saint, H8 i. ii. 19, Cor. ii. iii. 102,
Tim. IV. iii. 140.
6 characteristic, property, quality Gent. iii. i. 275,
Ado III. ii. QShixill conditions, AYL. i. i. 48, Shr.
V. ii. IC,S soft conditions, H5 iv. i. 110.
conditionally : on condition 3H6 i. i. 196.
conditioned: in specified circumstances Tim. iv.
iii. 5.35 tlins condition'd. ^ For another meaning
see BEST-CONDITIONED.
condole (used in two obs. senses)
1 to grieve MND. i. ii. 29, 44 a lover is more c-iny.
2 to grieve with (a sufferer) H5 ii. i. IMLet us con-
doh the kuifiUt.
condoleiuent (2 only S., ? confused with ' dole ")
1 .soni.wiiiL; Ham. I. ii. 93 obstinate condolcmcnf.
2 taiiuilile expression of sympathy, solatium Per.
H. i. 163* titere are certain c-s, certain rails.
conduce: Troil. v. ii. 144* there doth c. afyht (a)
intr. for refl. carries itself on, goes on, (b) intr.
fur pass, is joined or begun.
conduct :
1 guidance, leading Lr. in. vi. 106 that will to some
provision Give thee quick conduct.
2 escort, guard (see also safe-conduct) Tw.JJ. hi.
iv. 268 I mill . . . desire some c. of the lady, John i.
i. 29, 1H4 in. i. 93, R3 i. 1. 45 This conduct to
convey me to the Toiver.
3 guide, leader, conductor Rom. v. iii. 116 Come,
hitter c, come, unsavoury f/uide ; fig. Tp. v. i. 244,
2H4 V. ii. 36, 2H6 ii. iv. 102 conduct of my sha)ne,
Lucr. 313(of a torch).
4 leadership, command AYL. v. iv. 164 on foot In
his own c, Tit. IV. iv. 64 under c. Of Lucius.
conduit: pipe for the conveyance of water Cor. ii.
iii. 250; fig. Err. v. i. 315 the c-s of my Hood:
structure for the distribution of water, which is
made to spout fiom it, often in the form of
a human figure (hence allusively) Wint. v. ii. 61,
Tit. II. iv. 30, Rom. in. v. 130 a conduit, girl ? what!
still in tears?, Lucr. 1234.
confection: compounded preparation of drugs
< yin. I. V. 15 ; spec, prepared poison v. v. 247.
confectionary : (a) place in whicli sweetmeats
arekeiit, ihi niakerof sweet meats Tim. iv. iii. 201.
confederacy ami confederate are msed both in
a f:iiod and a bad sense with ref. to (1) alliance,
(J) cunspiracy.
confederate (strained use) : conspiringd.e.toassist
tlic murderer) Ham. in. ii. 271 Confederate season
((^.| v_i; Considerat(e).
confess : 0th. iv. i. 38 c, and he hanged, proverbial
)>lira.se of the 16th-17th cent., the orig. ref. of
wliiili is doubtful.
confessor : stress varies, co'nfcssor, confe'ssor.
confidence: prob. misused for 'conference ' AViv.
1. iv. 168, Ado in. v. 3, Rom. ii. iv. 136.
confident: John ii. i. 2B secure And c, confidently
secure (sec and 1) ; Cym. v. iii. 29 Three thousand
c having the confidence of three thousand.
confine sb. (pi. is stressed co'nfines in senses 1 and
2 ; sing, always confi'ne, but usually in sense 4,
to whicli the few instances of pi. stressed con-
fi'ncs possibly belong)
1 pi. boundaries, bounds Rom. in. i.Gnhenhc entirs
thr cn)ifin(s of a tiiiirn.
2 pi. region, territuiy R2 i. iii. 137 our quiet c-s,
R3 IV. iv. 3 in these c-s . . . have I hirk'd, Cics. in.
i. 272 ; fig. John iv. ii. 246 this c. of blood and breath.
3 confinement, limitation 0th. i. ii. 27 Put into
circumscription and confine, Compl. 265.
4 place of confinement, prison Tp. iv. i. 121 Spirits,
which ... 7 have from their c-s calVd\ Ham. i. i.
155* hies To his confine, ii. ii. 256 confines, wards,
and dungeons, Ant. iii. v. 13.
confineless (S.) : boundless Mac. iv. iii. 55.
confiner : inhabitant Cym. iv. ii. 337^-4-. . . of Italy.
confirmed : firm, immovable, steady, resolute Ado
II. i. 398 of approved valour, and c. honesty, v. iv.
17 ((///( c-d countenance. Cor. i. iii. 65 ; R3iv. iv.
172 Thy aye confirm" d (= thy riper manhood).
confiscate pa.pple. : confiscated Err. i. i. 20 His
goods confi'scate to the duke's dispose, i. ii. 2 Lest
that your goods too soon be ccfnfiscate, Mer.V. iv.
i. 333, Cym. v. v. 324.
confixed: firmly fixed Meas. v. i. 226.
conflux (not pie-S.j : Mowing together Troil. i. iii. 7.
conformable: compliant, submissive Slir. ii. i.
272, H8 II. iv. 22 At all times to your will c.
confound (sense ' destroy, ruin ' is the most freq.)
1 to waste, consume, spend 1H4 i. iii. 100 He did c.
the best part of an hour, H5lii. i. IZAs doth a galled
rock O'erhanr/ etnd jntly hisc-ed base. Cor. i. vi. 17,
Ant. I. i.45, i'. iv. 28, Per. v. ii. 14[279], Sonn. viii. 7.
2 to mingle indistinguishably Err. i. ii. 38, K2 iv.
i. 141.
confounding': ruinous Tim. iv. i. 20 your con-
fiinnding contraries, iv. iii. 394 confounding odds.
confusedly : promiscuously 1H6 i. i. 118.
confusion (1 is common in S., now obs.)
1 overthrow, ruin, destruction Mac. in. v. 29 : as
an imprecation Lr. ii. iv. 96 Vengeance ! plague !
death ! confusion .'.
2 mental agitation Mer.V. in. ii. 178 there is such
confusion in my powers. Ham. in. i. 2.
3 pi. disorders, commotions Rom. iv. v. 66.
conge'd, congied: taken leave All'sW. iv. iii.
100 I have c. with the duke.
conger: applied abusively to a man 2H4 ii. iv. 57
Hanrj yourself, you muddy conqer (Q cungtr).
congest : to collect together Compl. 258.
congratulate: to salute LLL. v. i. 95.
congree (S.) : to agree, accord H5 i. ii. 182 C-ing in
II full and natural close (Qq congriieth with a
innlital consent).
congreet (S.) : to greet mutually H5 v. ii. 31.
congrue (S.) : to agree H5 i. ii. 182 (see congree).
Ham. IV. iii. 67 letters conyruiny to that effect (Ff
ciinjuriny).
conject: to conjecture 0th. in. iii. 149 (Ff conceits).
conjecture (the foil, are obs. uses)
1 supposition H5 iv. Chor. 1 Xow entertain c. of a
time "When creeping murmur and the poriny dark
Fills the wide vessel of the wiiverse.
2 evil surmise, suspicion Ado iv. i. 107, Wint. ii.
i. 175, Ham. iv. v. 15 Dangerous conjectures.
conjunct: closely joined or connected Lr. ii. ii.
125 iVi colli iinii), V. i. 12.
conjunction (the gen. sense ' union ' occurs)
1 position of two planets when they are in the
same direction as viewed from the earth 2H4 ii.
iv. 286 Saturn and Venus . . . in conjunction.
2 united force 1H4 iv. i. 37 our small conjunction.
conjunctive : closely united Ham. iv. vii. 14 She's
Ml r. Ill my life and soul, 0th. I. iii. 374 Let us be
c. Ill iiur riHio/i (Qi communicative, Q.j conjective).
conjuration (much less common than "the vb.)
1 solemn appeal or entreaty, adjuration R2 ill. ii.
23, H5 I. ii. 29 inder this c. speak, Rom. v. iii. 68,
Ham. v. ii. 38 .\n earnest c. from the king.
2 incantation, iharm 2H6 i. ii. 99, 0th. i. iii. 92.
CONJURE
45
- CONTAGION
conjure (mostly co'njiire, occas. conju're)
1 to call upon solemnly, adjure Gent. ii. vii. 2 ;
absol. Ham. iv. iii. 67 (see congrle).
2 to influence by incantation, cliann, or magic
(freq.) Otii. i. iii. 105; with infinitive Tim. i. i. 7
((H these npirils tliy power Hath c-'d to attend, Lr.
II. i. 41 ; witli adv. Koni. ii. i. 26 Till ilie had laid
it, and c-'d it duan ; esp. conjure tij) (not pre-S.),
to raise or bring into existence as by magic, to
cause to appear to the fancy MND. iii. ii. 158,
Cies. II. i. 323 ; cf. Mer.V. I. iii. 35, Wint. v. iii.
40, 1H4 IV. iii. 43 i'on c. from the breast of ciiil
peace Such bold hostility ; used absol. Err. in. i.
34 Dost thou c. for mnches?, H5 v. ii. 317, Troil.
V. ii. VM 1 cannot cmjure.
co'njurer : niagiciarilirr. v. i. 243.
consang°uineousinot pre-S.) : of the same blood
Tw.N. II. iii. 85.
conscience (1 tlie usual sense ; plir. upon or in
(one's) conscience Tw.N. iii. i. 33, 3H6 in. iii. 113,
0th. IV. iii. 62 ;— a or o' conscience [see a'] Per. iv.
ii. 23 -y—for conscience' sake Cor. li. iii. 36;
1 sense of i-ight and wrong Ham. iii. i. 83 Thus c.
docs malie coirards of 2(.v (dl ; Tp. ii. i. 286 / feel
not This deity in my bosom; twenty consciences
. . . candied be they ....
2 regard for tlie dictates of conscience, conscien-
tiousness Wint. IV. iii. [iv.] 663 / cannot with c.
take it, 0th. iii. iii. 203 their best conscience Is not
to leave t ttndone, but keep't unknown.
3 inward knowledge or consciousness, internal
conviction, inmost thought Wint. iii. ii. 47, H5
IV. i. 124 1 will speak my c. of the kinij, 2H6 in. i.
68, Cym. i. vi. 116 my mutest conscience.
4 reasonableness, sound judgement Tim. ii. ii. 185
Ciiiist tlioH tlie c. lack, To think I shall lack friends?
conscionable : conscientious Otli. ii. i. 244.
consent sb. ('compliance, concurrence' is the
chief sense)
1 agreement as to a course of action, concert Tp.
II. i. 211, LLL. V. ii. 461 here was a consent , . . To
dash it, AYL. ii. ii. 3, Ti-oil. in. iii. 176.
2 agreement or unity of opinion, unanimity 2H4 v.
i. 78, H5 II. ii. 22, Cor. ii. iii. 25 consent of
( = agreement about), v. iii. 71.
3 opinion, or the expression of it Wint. v. iii. 136
by my consent, 1H6 i. ii. 44, 3H6 iv. vi. 36, Mac.
n. i. 25* (or ? party).
consent vb. (unusual sense) : consent in, agree in
planning 0th. v. ii. 296. [in. iv. 80.
consequently : afterwards, subsequently Tw.N.
conserve (occurs only twice in S.)
1 to preserve Mcas. in. i. 86.
2 to make into a conserve 0th. in. iv. 76 il wasdy'd
ill mammy which the skilful Conserv'd of maidens'
hiiirts (Qq with the skilftil conserie(s).
consider (in a sense common in nth cent.): to
requite, recompense, remunerate Wint. iv. i. [ii.]
10 irliiih [sen ices] if I have not enough c-ed, iv.
iii. [iv.jSJO, Cvni. it. iii. 31. [98.
considerance (not post-S.) : reflection 2H4 v. ii.
considerate : considering, thoughtful, reflective
K3 IV. ii. 30, Ant. ii. ii. 116.
consider'd : suitable for deliberate thought (S.)
ilani. n. ii. 81 at our more consider'd time.
consi'gn: fpioperly) to set one's seal, (hence) agree
/" 2H4 v. ii. 143 God consi'inimi to mil r/ood intents,
H5 V. ii. 90, ,'}25. J ■' JJ
co'nsign'd : added by way of ratification Tioil. i v.
iv. 4.1 With distinct breath and c. kisses to them.
consist (always takes a prep, in, of, or on ; the
following are obs. uses)
1 r. on, upon, insist upon 2H4 iv. i. 187, Per. i. iv.
83 Welcome is peace if he on peace consist.
2 consist in, reside or inliere in K3 iv. iv. 407 In
her consists my happiness.
consistory : council-chainber, fig. R3 n. ii. 150 ;
college of cardinals presided over by the pone
118 II. iv. 91.
consonancy : agreement, accord Tw.N. ii. v. 143,
Ham. n. ii. 301.
consort sb. (in 2 and 3 mod. edd. read concert)
1 fellowship, company Gent. iv. i. 64, Lr. ii. i. 99.
2 liarmonious music Gent. in. ii. 84.
3 company of musicians 2H6 in. ii. 321 screech-owls
make tlie consort fiill.
consort vb. (like the sb., not pre-£liz.)
1 to accompany, attend Err. i. ii. 28, LLL. ii. i. 177
Sweet heidlh imdfair desires consort your Grace .',
Rom. III. i. 136.
2 to keep company or associate with MND. in. ii.
387 ; with play on consort sb. 2, Rom. in. i. 49-50.
consorted : associated, leagued LLL. i. i. 258, R2
V. iii. l:38, R3 in. iv. 70, Rom. ii. i. 31, Lucr. 1609.
conspectuity (.S.; liumorous or random forma-
tion) : sight Cor. n. i. 12 your bisson conspectuities.
conspire: used of the plots of a single person
Gent. I. ii. 41, Troil. v. i. 70 I would conspire
ai/ainst destiny, 0th. iii. iii. 142, Sonn. x. 6.
constable: in France and England, a principal
officer in the royal household, having jurisdiction
in matters ofarmsand chivalry H5 11. iv. 41, &c.,
H8 n. i. 102.
constancy (the foil, are obs. and rare uses)
1 persistence, perseverance H8 in. ii. 2*.
2 ccitamty MiiD.v.i. 26 r/rows to somethiny of yrcatc.
constant (rare uses in S. are)
1 constant question, formally conducted discussion
Tw.N. IV. ii.54\
2 settled, steady Tp. ii. ii. 124 my stomach is not c.
constantly (used only in senses now obs.)
1 fixedly, resolutely, faithfully C«s. v. i. 92, Ham.
I. ii. 234, Cym. in. v. 119.
2 confidently Meas. iv. i. 23 I do consiemtUj helieie
you, Troil. iv. i. 40.
3 continuously Tw.X. ii. iii. 162.
constant-qualified: endowed with constancy
Cym. I. iv_. 68 (Ff and some edd. constant, qualified).
constellation : position or configuration of the
' stars ' or planets in regard to each other, as
supposed to influence men and events, (hence) a
pei-son's character as determined by liis ' stars '
Tw.N. I. iv. 35*.
conster : see construe.
constitution : frame (of body or mind) Mer.V. in.
ii.247 the constif-ution Of any constant man, Tw.^.
I. iii. 143 //(( ccceUcnt constitution of thy ley.
constrain (2 is peculiar to S.)
1 to assume or put on by an effort Lr. n. ii. 103
constrains the ejarb Quite from his nature.
2 to violate Tit. v. ii. 178 /icr . . . chastity . . . you c-'d.
constrained: produced by compulsion, forced
Ant. in. xi. [xiii.] 69, Cym. v. iv. 15.
constringfe : to compress, constrict Troil. v. ii.
170 Constrinij'd in mass by the almiyhty sun.
construe (old edil. fieq. conster) : to interpret, ex-
plain ; (with clause) Tw.N. III. i. 64/ ic/Hf./oWffii
vhcncc you come ; to translate orally Shr. in. i. 30.
consul: used = senator 0th. i. ii. 43 many of the
c-s . . . Are at the duke's already, Cym. iv. ii. 385.
consummation: death Lr. iv. vi. 132 (Ft' consump-
tion), Cym. iv. ii. 280 Quiet c. hare ; cf. Ham. in.
i. 63 (( consummaticni Devoutly to be wish'd.
contagfion (rare uses) : contagious or poisonous
influence C*s. n. i. 265 the lilec. of the nii/hf, Hani,
in. ii. 415 When . . . hell itself breathes out C. tn this
world ; poison Ham. IV. vii. 147 I'll touch my point
With this contagion.
CONTAGIOUS —
46
-COITVERSION
contag'ious: pestilential, poisonou.s, noxious
MNO. ir. i. 90 t'. f(i<js, Jolin v. iv. :3;i this ni'ulit,
nliijsi black c. breath . . . , Ham.i. iii.42. [Ixxvii. 9.
contain: to keep, retain Mer.V. v. i. 201, Sonn.
containing': contents, tenor Cym. v. v. 4;il.
contemn : to refuse scornfully Ven. 205 c. me this.
contemptible (occurs only twice in S.)
1 despicable 1H6 i. li. 75 tiiy contemptible estate.
2 (lisdainl'ul Ado ir. iii. 198 a contemptible spirit.
contemptuous (twice only ; cf. prec. word)
1 = Contemptible 2, John ii. i. 384 this c. city.
2 = Contemptible 1, 2H6 i. iii. 86 C. . . . callot.
contend: to strive earnestly Meas. iir. ii. 252 c-ed
(sjii I inlly to know himself ; to strive to go, proceed
witli ettort Sonn. Ix. ■i[the iiaies] forwards do c.
contending' : making war, warlike Slir. v. ii. 160,
Veil. S->.
content sb. : the precise meaning is often doubtful ;
ocras. - fulfilment of one's desire, or (simply)
desire, wish R2 v. ii. 38 To whose hifjh will ne bow
our calm c-s, 2H6 1. iii. 70 work your Grace's full c,
Troil. I. ii. 319 tny heart's c, Ven. Ded. 7, Conipl.
157 'i/ainst her own c; — in heart's content S. some-
times plays upon the sense 'containing power,
capacity ' of the other sb. ' content ', e. g. 2 116 i.
i. 35 Such is the fulness of my heart's content,
content adj. (1 recorded only from S.)
1 he c. (used imper.), be calm, be not uneasy R2 v.
ii. 82, Caes. iv. ii. 41, Cym. v. iv. 102 ; also
elliptically Lr. t. iv. 338 I'ray you, content.
2 elliptically, as an exclamation = I am content ;
agreed ! Shr. v. ii. 70, 1H6 iii. i. 146, 3H6 m. ii.
ls:i, (or. H. iii. 52, Ant. iv. iii. 22.
content vb. (obs. uses are as follows)
1 to jilease, gratify Gent. iir. i. 93 scorns what best
c-s her, Shr. iv. iii. 180 Because his painted skin
c-s the eye, H8 iir. i. 131, Hani. iii. i. 24, Ven. 213.
2 refl. and pass, used imper. c. thee or be c-ed - l>e
calm, do not trouble AViv. iir. iii. 176, Ado v. i.
87, Lr. III. iv. 113, Cym. i. v. 26.
3 to remunerate, pay K3 in. ii. 110, 0th. ni. i. 1 7
will conk at your pains; absol. Shr. l. i. 167.
4 intr. to acquiesce Ven. 61 Fore el to content.
contented (1 a use of the sense ' ready, willing ")
1 Will contented ! = content adj. 2, Mac. ii. iii. 141.
2 marked by contentment K3 i. iii. 84 that c. Iiap.
contentless : discontented Tim. iv. iii. 246.
continent sb. (3 Milton speaks of ' the moist con-
tinent ' of the moon, prob. imitating S.)
1 Something that holds or contains : (i) cover, en-
closure, receptacle Ham. iv. iv. 64 tomb enoiii/h
anel c. To hide the ulaiu, Lr. in. ii.58. Ant. iv. xii.
[xiv.] 40 Heart, once be stron;/er than tliy c;
(ii) bounding or enclosing land MND. ii. i. 92 hare
overborne their c-s, 1H4 in. i. Ill the opposed c.
2 earth, ' terra finna ' 2H4 in. i. 47.
3 ' solid globe ' or orb of the sun Tw.N. v. i. 281*.
4 sunnnary, sum LLL. iv. i. 112 my c. of beauty,
Mer.V. iir. ii. 130 The c, and summary of my
fiirtitiir. Ham. V. ii. H6.
continent adj. (2 in both passages there is probably
a jilay upon the sen.se of ' chaste ')
1 sclt-icstraining, temperate Lr. i, ii. 188.
2 I'cstrainiiig, restrictive LLL. i. i. 259 c. canon,
j\lac. IV. iii. 64 All continent impediments.
continuance : permanence Meas. in. i. 250, Tw.N.
I. iv. tl Ihi r. ofhisloie, Rom. i. Clior. 10.
continuantly (humorous perversion) : 2H4 n. i. 30.
continviate il an early-17tli-cenfc. sense)
1 uiiinlcii-uiilcd Oth. in. iv. 177 (Qi vonixnieni).
2 lasting 'I'lm. i. i. 11 co)itinnale i/oodncss.
continue 'the toll, are rare uses)
1 to retain n8 n. iv. .'il irlmt friend of mine . . . did I
C. in my Hkiny? ; to let live Meas. iv. iii. 91.
2 to come as a sequel Tim. il. ii. 5.
contract sb.: contra'ct twice as freq. as co'nlract.
contract vb.: most freq. in the sense 'betroth,
affiance ' ; fig. Sonn. i. 6 thou, contracted to thine
own hriylit eyes.
contract pple.: espoused R3 in. vii. 178.
contracting (Meas. in. ii. 304), contraction
(Ham. III. iv. 46) : betrothal.
contrarious: adverse 1H4 v. i. 52 contrarious
Hinds; Jleas. iv. i. 63^ these fcdse and niost con-
/)((c/o((,sr/HC,sfo(? self-contradictory, inconsistent).
co'ntrary sb. (2 occurs twice, to the c. 8 times)
1 opposite side Wint. i. ii. 372 Wafting hiseyes to the
c, H8 II. i. 15 The king's attorney on the c. Urg'd.
2 in the contrary = io the contrary H8 in. ii. 183,
Oth. IV. ii. 175.
3 by contraries, in a manner contrary to what is
customary Tp. n. i. 1.54.
contrary adj. (usu. co'ntrary; contra'ry 4 times) :
wrong (S.) Mer.V. l. ii. 103 set a deep glass of
Jiliinish w'ltie on the c. casket, John iv. ii. 198 upon
c. feet;— a.i\v. in an oppcsite direction 1H4 v. v. 4
turn, our offers contrary.
contra'ry vl).: to ojipose, iJiivart Rom. i. v. 89.
contrive' : to devise, plan, esp. to plot R2 i. i. 96
treiisons . . . Coiiijilotteil and c-d, H5 v. ii. 6. Troil.
I. iii. 201, Ham. n. ii. 220 c. the means of meeting ;
alxsol. Mer.V. iv. i. 363, Ca^s. ii. iii. 16.'
contrive^ : to spend, pass (time) Shr. i. ii. 279*
Phase ye ice may contrive this afternoon.
control: to overpower, overmaster Tp. i. ii. 373,
Cor. in. i. \%0 the til whicli doth c. 7 (cf. Romans
vii. 19), Sonn. xx. 1 all hues in liis c-iny, evil. 3.
controller: censorious critic, detractor 2H6 in.
ii. 205 an arrogant c, Tit. n. iii. 60 Saucy c. of
our private steps.
controlment : restraint, check John i. i. 20 ; very
common in 16th-17th cent, in witliout c. Ado i.
iii. 21, Tit. II. i. 68.
controversy: Cfes. i. ii. lOQ hearts of c. = courage
that contended with the violence of the stream.
convenience (1 the usual Eliz. sense)
1 fitness, aptitude, propriety Meas. in. i. 259, All's
W. in. ii. 75 (dl the honour That good c. claims.
2 ]il. comforts, advantages, Troil. in. iii. 7* certain
and possess'd c-s, Oth. n. i. 236' tliese required c-s.
conveniency : fitness Mer.V. iv. i. 82: advantage
Oth. IV. ii. 178.
convenient: fitting, proper, becoming Meas. iv.
iii. Ill, MND. III. i. 2 a iiiarvel'oiis c. place for our
rehearsal, 2H6 i. iv. 9, Tit. v. ii. 90, Lr. v. i. 36 ;
so conveniently Mer.V. n. viii. 45.
convent vb. : to summon, convene Meas. v. i. 158,
H8 V. i. 52, Cor. ii. ii. 59 ; Tw.N. v. i. 394'* When
, . .golden time c-s ( = either 'summons' or 'is
convenient ').
conventicle: secret meeting 2Hfi in. i. 166.
conversation (cf. 'of upright c' Psalm xxxvii. 14)
1 intercourse AH'sW. i. iii. 242 the c. of my thenu/hts,
R3 III. V. 30, Ham. in. ii. 60, Cym. i. iv. 118.
2 behaviour, conduct Wiv. n. i. 25, Otii. nt. iii.
264 tliose soft parts of c, Ant. ii. vi. 130, Per. n.
(iower 9 ; pi. manners 2H4 v. v. 106.
converse sb. (not pre-S.) : intercourse, (hence)
conversation Ham. ii. i. 42 Your party inc., Oth.
in. i. 40 J/o!(r c. and business; phrase c. of breath
LLL. V. li. 743.
converse vb.: to hold intercourse, associate with
(tn(|.i. •iTlie nio<l. sense of 'talk' is post-S.
conversion: change lo .soniething better or higher
AYL. IV. iii. 138 my c. So sweetly tastes, John r.
i. 189 'Tis too respective and too sociable for your
ronvcrsiou ('for one who has undergone such a
change of rank as you have ').
COKVEBT —
convert (used of religious eliange Mer.V. iii. v. 37)
1 trans, to turn in another direction AYL. v. iv. 168
c-ed . . .from liis mtirprisc, Sonn. vii. 11 The (tji^
. . . c-(d are From his low tract.
2 intr. to turn away or aside Sonn. xi. 4 uhoi than
from youth c-est, xiv. 12.
3 to appropriate to Jler.V. iii. ii. 108.
4 to change /«^osometiiing else Ado ir. iii. 72, Hani.
V. i. 233 that loam, irhcreto he ivas c-cd ; intr. for
passive, to undergo a cliange Ado i. i. 127 Cotirtaij
itself must c. to disdain, Mac. iv. iii. 228.
convertite (common Eliz.) : convert AYL. v. iv.
191, Jolin V. i. 19 Hut since you are a gentle con-
vertite, Lucr. 743.
convey (pliysical senses are fieq.)
1 euphemism for ' to steal ' Wiv. i. iii. 30, R2 iv. i.
317 ; cf. Cym. i. i. 63. [74.
2 red. to represent oneself, pass oneself off H5 1. ii.
3 to manage with secrecy Mac. iv. iii. 71, Lr. i. ii.
12 / will . . . c. the business as I shtdljind means.
conveyance (sense of ' vehicle' is fii-st in S.)
1 escort, conduct, convoy Ham. iv. iv. 3' Claims the
c. of a jiritmis'd march (Qj Cranes a free passe and
condne't) Oier his kinrjiloin, 0th. i. iii. 287 To his c,
I assign my irife.
2 removal R3 iv. iv. 284 ilaeVst quick conveyance.
3 document by ■which transference of property is
effected Hani. v. i. 118 The very c. of his lands will
hardly lie in this bnx.
4 cunning management, tinderliand dealing, trick-
ery, jugglery Ado ii. i. 255 ii ith such impossible c,
IHG I. iii. 2, 3H6 in. iii. IGO Thy sly cimveijinice.
5 channel for conveying liquid Cor. v. i. 55 these
conveyances of our blond.
G means of transport Wiv. in. iii. 136.
conveyer: thief (S.) R2 iv. i. 317.
convict ]>i)Ic.: proved guilty R3 i. iv. 196.
convicted : defeated John in. iv. 2 armadoofc. .mil.
convince (2 cf. 'AYhich of you convinceth me of
sin? ' John viii. 46)
1 to overcome Mac. l. vii. 64 his tito chamberlains
Will I with vine.. . c, iv. iii. 142, 0th. iv. i. 28,
Cym. I. iv. 109, Per. i. ii. 123.
2 to prove guilty q/'Troil. ii. ii. 130.
3 to give proof of LLL. v. ii. 754*.
convive (S.) : to feast together Troil. iv. v. 271.
convocation : assembly Ham. iv. iii. 21 a certain
c. of politic norms : gathering of provincial synod
of clergy H5 i. i. 761
convoy: means of conveyance or transport AlTsW.
IV. iii. 10.3, H5 iv. iii. 37 crowns for c. put into his
pur.ie, Rom. ir. iv. 205 cords . . . Which . . . Must be
iin/ coniny, Ham. I. iii. 3.
convulsion : cramp Tp. iv. i. 262.
cony : laliliit AYL. iii. ii. 361, Yen. 687.
cony-catch : to cheat Wiv. i. i. 129, i. iii. 34, Shr.
IV. i. 45, V. i. 101.
coop : to enclose for protection or defence John ii.
i. 25f-x/ro)H other lands her islanders, 3H6 v. i. 109.
copatain: high sugar-loaf hat Shr. v. i. 69.
"] I 'rigiri unascertained ; other forms were ' cop-
iiitank". ' coppid tank ", 'coptank".
cope sb. : the firmament Per. iv. vi. Vi6 under thee.
cope vb. (1 and 2 not pre-S.; 3 only S.)
1 intr. to come into contact with, liave to do with
Wint. IV. iii. [iv.] 437 The royal fool thou cop'st
wilh. Ham. ni. ii. 60, Lucr. 99.
2 trans, to meet, encounter AYL. ii. i. 67 / lore to c.
him in these sullen fits, H8 i. ii. 78, Troil. i. ii. 34,
Lr. V. iii. 126 (Qq c. withal), 0th. IV. i. 87, Yen. 88S
irho shall cope him first. [iv. i. 41.3.
3 to match (a thing) with (an equivalent) Mor.V.
copesmate: companion Lixcr. W2b Mis-shapen Time,
ce'jKsmatc nfiii/ly Xiyhf.
47 COST
copp'd : jieaked Per. i. i. 101 Copp'd hills.
copulative : used Inimorously = one about to be
married AYL. v. iv. 58 the country copulatives.
copy ( = ' specimen of penmanship ' in 2H6 iv. ii. 99)
1 copyhold, tenureof land 'by copy", i.e. according
to the copy of the manorial court-roll, (fig.) Mac.
III. ii. 38 in them nature's copy's not eternc.
2 pattern, example All'sW. i. ii. 46 a copy to these,
youni/er limef, John iv. ii. 113, H5 in. i. 24, Tim.
in. iii. 32 talus virtuous copies to be nicked.
3 original Sonn. xi. 14 nor let that copy die.
4 minutes or memoranda of a conference, (hence)
subject-matter, theme Err. v. i. 62 the copy of our
conftrence.
coranto : quick dance H5 in. v. 33 .'iwift coreintos.
cordial: restorative, comforting Wint. i. ii. 318,
v. iii. 77 conlial comfort, Cym. i. v. 64.
core (2 S. phrase imitated by later writers)
1 central part of an ulcer Troil. ii. i. 7 a botchy c;
fig. V. i. 4 thou core of envy, v. viii. 1.
2 heart's c. perhaps containing a play on Latin
' cor ' = heart Ham. in. ii. 78.
Corinth; (allusively) hou.se ofilliiame Tim. ii.ii. 72.
Corinthian: gay, spirited fellow 1H4 ii. iv. 13.
co-rival: to vie with Troil. i. iii. 44. (Cf. corkivai,.)
corky : withered Lr. in. vi '. 29 his corky arms.
cormorant : glutton (fig.) R2 ii. i. .38 I.ii/ht vanity.
insatiate c; attrib. = ravenous, rapacious LLL. i.
i. 4, Troil. ii. ii. 6 this cormorant war. Cor. i. i. 127
the cormorant belly.
corn : pipes of c, i.e. of oat-straw MND. ii. i. 67.
corner : (fig!) place of concealment H8 in. i. 31.
corner-cap : app. some kind of three-cornered cap
LLL. IV. iii. 53.
comet : company of cavalry, so called from its
standard, which was orig. a long horn-sliaped .
pennon 1H6 iv. iii. 25.
cornuto (cf. horn) : cuckold Wiv. iii. v. 74.
corollary : surplus Tp. iv. i. 67 briny a corollary,
lia/lur thein want a spirit.
coronet: chaplet, garland MND. iv. i. 58, Ham.
IV. vii. 173.
corporal sb.: LLL. iil. i. 197 And I to be n c. of his
[Cupid's] field. ^ ' Corporals of the field ' were
superior officers of the army in the 16th and 17tb
cent., who acted as assistants or aides-de-camp
to the sergeant-major.
corporal adj. (2 in common use 1520-1700)
1 bodily Meas. m. i. 78, Mac. i. vii. 80.
2 material, physical LLL. iv. iii. 86 .she is but c,
Mac. I. iii. 81 what .leem'd c. incited As breath.
corporate: belonging to a body of persons Tim.
n. ii. 214 a joint and corporate voice.
correctioner (S.) : one who administers correction
2H4 V. iv. 23 you filthy famished correctioner.
correspondent : responsive, submissive Tp. i. ii.
297 I nil! Ill correspiiiahnt to command.
corrigible 1 2 ct. ■ bear a reasonable c. hand ' Jonsoii)
1 submissive Ant. iv. xii. [xiv.] 74 Bis c. neck.
2 correcting 0th. i. iii. 330 the . . . c. authority.
COrrival (old edd. corrival{l and cejrival{l ; 2 cf. for
the meaning competitor and rival)
1 rival 1114 i. iii. 207 Without corrival.
2 partner 1H4 iv. iv. 31 many moe corrirals.
corroborate: used absurdly in H5 ii. i. 130.
co'rrosive .sb.: sharp or caustic remedy 2H6 in.
ii. 403.
co'rrosive adj.: fietting, wasting 1H6 in. iii. 3
('(()■( is no litre, but rather c. (Ffb s rorrasive).
corruptibly : so as to be corrupt John v. vii. 2.
corse (tVe<|.) : corpse R3 i. ii. 32, C«s. in. i. 199.
cost (tlie following senses are obs.)
1 outlay, expense Ado i. i. 100 the fashion of the
iioiiil is to avoid cost.
COSTARD - 48
2 costly thing Mcas. i. iii. 10, AYL. ii. vii. 76 The
r. of princes, 2H4 i. iii. 60 (said of a building),
Sonn. Ixiv. '_', xci. \Q prouder than ciarmcnls' cost.
costard : orig. a large kind of apple, applied
liuniurously to the head Wiv. iii. i. 14, LLL. ill.
i. 73, K3 1. iv. 160, Lr. iv. vi. 248.
costerniongfer (orig. sellerof costard apples) : used
contemptuously = ' commerciar 2H4 i. ii. 193 in
tlnse iv^tini(0>ii/tr times.
costly : lavish, rich Mer.V. ii. ix. 94 c. summer.
co-supreme: co-equal in supremacy Phoen. 61.
cote sb.: cottage AYL. iir. ii. 454 (Fi Coat).
cote vb. (orig. a coursing term) : to pass beyond,
outstrip Ham. il. ii. 338 ive cotid them on the miij
(Fi coafal).
cot-quean : man that busies himself unduly with
matters belonging to tlie housewife's province
Kom. IV. iv. 6.
Cotswold : Wiv. i. i. 93 (Fi Cotsnll), 2H4 iii. ii. 23
(Fi ('o/-.s(t?-Hif()i=athletic man, such as inhabited
the Cotswold Hills, famous for athletic sports).
couch (the gen. senses are ' lay ' and ' lie ')
1 to cause to crouch Lucr. 507 a falcon ioweriwj in
the skies, Coucheth thefoni below.
2 to lower to the position of attack 1H6 in. ii. 134
A hrarcr soliUer never couched hence.
3 to lie hidden or in ambush Wiv. v. ii. 1, AlTsW.
IV. i. 24c., ho! here he comes, Tit. v. ii. 38, Ham.
V. i. 244, Lr. in. i. 12.
coiiched : lying, csp. lying concealed Wiv. v. iii.
14 (. in a pit, Ado in. i. 30, Tim. n. ii. 182 Tliese
flies lire c. Ham. ii. ii. 485 ; fig. R2 i. iii. OS 17)7((c
ii'ith valour c. in tliine eye, Troil. i. i. 41 sorrow,
thai ISC. in seeininn (jliulness ; expressed 2H6lli. i.
179 worels . . . clerkly c.
couching' vbl. sb.: low bowing Cnes. in. i. 36.
couching' pple.: represents the heraldic term
'couchant' = lying 1H4 in. i. 152 A c. lion.
council : spec, the body of the king's privy coun-
cillors AViv. I. i. 35, K2 I. iii. 124, 2H6 ii. i. 174,
H8iv. i. 112.
counsel (sense of ' legal adviser ' occurs in 2H4 i.
ii. 155, Cyni. i. iv. 185)
1 consultation, deliberation, consideration Ado n.
iii. 221, Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 422, 1H4 iv. iii. 11
I hold as little c. with weak feur As yon ( = consult
fear), 2H6 i. i. 98.
2 private or secret purpose, secret, inmost tliought
Ado in. iii. 91 keep your fellows' c-s ami your own.
Cor. I. ii. 2 they of Rome are enter d in onr c-s,
Hani. IV. ii. 11 ; in c, in private, in secret Wiv. i.
i. 123 ; so counsel-keeper 2H4 ii. iv. 290,
counsel-keeping Tit. ii. iii. 24.
counsellor :
1 jirivy councillor H8 i. i. 219 (Fj Councelluur ;
chaiirillijr f).
2 legal advocateMeas. I. u.Wofjijod c-s lack no clients.
count sb. (cf. COMPT)
1 reckoning, account Rom. i. iii. 71, Ant. n. vi. 54,
.Sonn. ii. 11 Shall sum mij c.\ phr. out of (all) c,
incalculable Gent. ii. i. 64-65.
2 legal indictment Ham. iv. vii. 17 a public count.
count vb.: to make account n/'Gent. ii, i. 67.
Count Comfect: Ado iv. i. 322 'my Lord Lollipop'
(Staunton) ; juubably with |ilav on the legal sense
of 'eniint'=eliari:e, iiidictiiieiit.
counted: aecuunted, esteemed K3 iv. i. 46.
countenance sli. (tlie precise meaning of many
ili-,taMres is doubtful) "■
1 bearing, demeanour AYL. n.vii. 108//(C c. Of slim
romimniihiicnf, Slir. iv. ii. 65, v. i. 41*, 1H4 v. i. 69
unkind nsin/e, danyeroas e., Lr. i. ii. 177.
2 (?)Hhow, pretence Meas. v. i. 119 the toil which is
here nrnjit n/i In 'vmilenancc.
-COURSE
3 favour, patronage AYL. i. i. 19', 1H4 i. ii. 33 under
whose c. we steal, 174, 2H4 iv. ii. 13, 24, Cor. v. v.
[vi.] 40, Ham. i. iii. 113 hath i/iven c. to his speech.
countenance vb.: to be in keeping with, give
a suitable accompaniment to Slir. iv. i. 101*,
Mac. II. iii. 87*.
counter sb.: Wint. iv. ii. [iii.] 38 (see compter),
Troil. II. ii. 28 (Fj Counters, Q Compters) ; used =
debased coin Csbs. iv. iii. 80 ; typically of a thing
of no intrinsic value AYL. n. vii. 63.
counter adv.: (hunting term) following the trail
in a direction opposite to that which the game
has taken Err. iv. ii. 39 A hound that runs c,
2H4 I. ii. 102, Ham. iv. v. 110 this is c, you false
Danish doi/s. ^ In tlie first two instances there
is a quibble on the ' Counter ' or debtors' prison,
cf. COUNTER-GATE.
counter-caster (S.) : contemptuous name for an
aritliiiietieiau Uth. I. i. 31.
counterchange : exchange Gym. v. v. 397.
countercheck: rebuke in reply to one from an-
otlier person AYL. v. iv. 85 the ' counlercliick
ijaiirnhome' ; check John ii. i. 224 Nave brouijlit
countercheck before your gates.
counterfeit sb. : image, likeness, portrait Mer.V.
III. ii. 115 Fair Portia's counterfeit, Tim. v. i. 85,
Mac. II. iii. 83 sleep, deatli's counterfeit, Lucr. 1269,
Sonn. xvi. 8, liii. 5.
counterfeit (2 a rare use)
1 deceitful, false H5 in. vi. 64 an arrant c. rascal,
V. i. 73, Tim. iv. iii. 113.
2 portrayed Ham. in. iv. 54.
counter-gate : gate of the Counter, a name for
debtors' prisons in London, Southwark and else-
wliero Wiv. in. iii. 85.
countermand (obs. uses)
1 to ojijiose the power of Lucr. 276.
2 to prohibit Err. iv. ii. 37 c-s The mssayes of alleys.
counterpart: copy, reproduction Sonn. Ixxxiv. 11.
counterpoint : counterpane Shr. ir. i. 345.
counterpoise : compensation, equivalent All'sW.
II. iii. 182.
counterseal (S.) ; to seal with an additional seal
by way of further sanction Cor. v. iii. 205.
countervail: to equal, counterbalance Rom. n. vi.
4, Per. II. iii. 56 Had }iot a show miyhl c. his north.
coiintless (not pre-S.) : in Ven. 84 Qq comptles{se.
country : man of countries, traveller John i. i. 193.
county : count (freq.) Mer.V. i. ii. 48.
coupleinent (2 cf. ' a comely couplement' Spenser)
1 coupling, union Sonn. xxi. 5.
2 couple, pair LLL. v. ii. 533 most royal c.
coviplet : pair, couple (S.) Tw.N. iii. iv. 414 a c. or
two of niost sai/e saws. Ham. v. i. 309 (the pigeon
lays only two eggs at a time and the newly
hatched birds are covered with yellow down).
courage (the foil. obs. uses began in 14th cent.)
1 spirit, disposition 3H6 n. ii. 57 this soft c, Cor.
m. iii. 90, iv. i. 3.
2 desire, inclination Tim. in. iii. 24 c. to do him
i/ood : sexual inclination, lust Ven. 276 liis hoi c.
courageous : used blunderingly in MND. iv. ii. 28.
courta : to bow Ham. in. iv. 155 (mod. edd. ctirb).
course sb. (obs. or special uses are)
1 current, freq. of a river ; of air 2H4 iv. v. 149
found no c. of breath within your majesty ; c. of the
sun, a year H8 n. iii. 6, Sonn. lix. 6 ; no yearly c,
John nr. i. 81.
2 customary ju-occdure, habit Meas. in. ii. 244,
Troil. 1. iii. 9, Ham. nr. iii. 83 in our circuinstance
and c. of thuuijht ; csp. pi. liabits, way of life,
goings-on Mcas. n. i. 201, H5 i. i. 24, Otli. iv. i. 290.
3 regular order or process Ado v. iv. 6 the true c. of
all the question, John i. i. 113 Ihc c. of time, H5 v.
COURSE - 4
Clior. 4, Lr. iii. vii. 101 the old c. o/ileuUi ( =iiatural
death), Otli. I. ii. 8(5; in c. = in due course, as a
matter of course Meas. in. i. 260.
4 line of action, method of procedure (freq.) Tp. n.
i. 295, Lr. i. iii. 27 To hold mij nry course {= ' to
take the same course as I do ').
5 point of the compass Tp. i. i. 55' Set her tiro c-s
off to sen af/ain ; some place a colon at c-s, which
is tlien taken = ' sails '.
6 in bear-baiting, one of a succession of attacks
Mac. V. vii. 2 bear-like I must fyht the c, Lr. iii.
vii. 54.
course vb.: to pursue AYL. ii. i. 39, Mac. i. vi. 21,
Lr. iiT. iv. 56 to c. his own shadow, Ant. iii. xi.
[xiii.] 11 to c. your flijiufi flufis.
coursing' : marauding H5 i. ii. 143 c. snntchcrs.
court-cupboard ^^ movable sideboard or cabinet
used to display plate, &c., Rom. i. v. 8 remote the
coiirt-cupbouyd, look to tlie plate.
courteous : as a formula of address, orig. to
superiors Troil. v. ii. 182 Jfi/ c. lord, Rom. ill. ii. 62.
courtesy (usu. 3 syll., but in a few instances 2 syll.,
where old edd. have curtsic, cursic, mod. edd.
court'sy, ciirl'sy, curtsy)
1 good mannei-s MND. in. ii. 147 If you were ciiil
and knew c; sense of what good manners requii's
Mer. V. V. i. 217 I ivas beset with shame and c.
2 obeisance, bow (freq.) LLL. i. ii. 67, Troil. ii. iii.
115 The elephanchath jointsbut none for c; acom-
mon phr. was to make c. Ado ii. i. 57, AYL. Epil.
24; fig. Meas. ii. iv. 176 (cf. Lr. in. vii. 26
' yield to wrath '). [49.
3 c. of nations, usage of civilized peojjles AYL. i. i.
court-hand: style of handwriting in use in the
f^nglish law-courts from the 16th cent, to the
reign of George II, 2H6 iv. ii. 105.
courtier : one who courts, wooer Ant. ii. vi. 17 c-s
of beauteous freedom.
courtly (2 courtlike is also used Wiv. n. ii. 242)
1 belonging to or connected with the court All"sAV.
in. iv. 14 c. friends, 2H6 i. i. 27 c. company.
2 befitting the court, elegant, refined AYL. in. ii.
73 too c. a wit, Troil. in. i. 31, Cym. in. v. 71.
3 (in an unfavourable sense) characteristic of the
fiilse manners of courtiere Tim. v. i. 30 To promise
is most coiirtly.
court of guard : guard room, guard house 1H6 ii.
i. 4, Otli. II. i. 221 (cf. iii. 218), Ant. iv. ix. 2. [44)
courtship (not pre-S.; = 'wooing' in Mer. V. ii. viii.
1 courtliness of manners LLL. v. ii. 364 Trim gal-
lants, full of c, 788, AYL. in. ii. 3C8 (with play
on sense 'wooing'), 2H6 i. iii. 57, 0th. ii. i. 172
(Qi courtesies).
2 state befitting a court or courtier Rom. in. iii. 34.
3 paying of court to anyone R2 i. iv. 24.
cousin (the ordinary mod. sense is freq.)
1 collateral relative more distant than brother or
sister, formerly very freq. applied to nephew or
niece, as in Ado l. ii. 2, AYL. i. ii. 166; also
= uncle Tw.N. i. v. 130, v. i. 316 ;=brotber-in-law
1H4 in. i. 52.
2 in legal language, often formerly applied to the
next of kin, including direct ancestors and
descendants; so=grandchild in John ni. iii. 17,
R3 II. ii. 8, II. iv. 9, 0th. i. i. 113.
3 used by a sovereign in formally addressing or
mentioning another sovereign or a nobleman
Meas. v. i. 165, R3 in. iv. 35.
covenants : clauses or articles of a contract Sbr.
II. i. 128, 1H6 V. iv. 114, v. v. 88, Cym. i. iv. 60.
covent : early form of 'convent' sui-viving in
' Covent Garden ' Meas. iv. iii. 137, H8 iv. ii. 19.
cover (f ommon Eliz. senses are the foil.)
1 to spread the cloth for a meal ; trans. Mer.V, m.
I -CBANK
V. 65 c. the table ; intr. AYL. ii.,v. 31 Sirs, c. the
while, 2H4 II. iv. 11.
2 intr. and pass, to put on one's hat Mer.V. n. ix.
44 How many then should c. that stand bare, AYL.
III. iii. 83 pray be covered.
covert'st : most secret R3 in. v. 32. [ii. l:i.
coverture : covering, cover Ado in. i. 30, 3H6 iv.
covet : to have inordinate desire /oc IHG v. iv. 145.
covetousness : strong or inordinate desire John
IV. ii. 29 Th(y do confound their skill in c.
coward : to render timorous H5 ii. ii. 75.
fcowardship : cowardice Tw.N. iii. iv. 425.
cowish : cowardly Lr. iv. ii. 12 cowisk terror.
cowl-staff: pole on which a 'cowl' or basket is
borne between two persons Wiv. in. iii. 157.
cox : spelling of ' cock's ' = God's, All'sW. v. ii. 44
Cox my passion !
coxcomb (the sense of ' fool " is most freq.)
1 cap worn by a professional fool, like a cock's
comb in shape and colour Wiv. v. v. 149, Slu'. n.
i. 224, Lr. i. iv. 117.
2 ludicrous appellation for the head Wiv. in. i. 91,
Tw.N. V. i. 180 a bloody c, H5 V. i. 45, Lr. n.
iv. 125.
coy adj.: distant, di.sdainful, Gent. i. i. 30, Shr. ii.
i. 238 rouf/h and coy and sullen, Yen. 96, 112, my
coy disdain.
coy vb. (twice only ; 2 peculiar to S.)
1 to stroke caressingly, pat MND. iv. i. 2.
2 to disdain Cor. v. i. 6 if he coy'd To hear Cominius
speak.
coystril : see coistrel.
coz (= corsiN in its ditferenr K,'plications)
1 = nephew Jolni in. iii. 17, Rom. i. v. 69; =uncle
Tw.N. I. V. 143; =brother-in-law 1H4 ni. i. 79.
2 =cousiN 2, 1H4 I. i. 91, H5 iv. iii. .30 {Ficouze).
cozen : to cheat (trans, and intr.) Mer.V. n. ix. 38,
All's W. IV. iv. 23 c-d thoughts, Lr. v. iii. 156, 0th.
IV. ii. 1.32 c-ing slave, Lucr. 387 C-ing the pillow of
a lawful kiss • so cozenage, cheating Ham. v.
ii. ()!', cozener, impostor Lr. iv. vi. 168.
cozier : ccihblcr Tw.N. ll. iii. 99 coziers' catches.
crack si).': flaw, defect LLL. v. ii. 416, Wint. I. ii.
322 / cannot Believe this c. to be in my dread mis-
tress ; breach 0th. n. iii. 333. ^ In crack of doom
Mac. IV. i. 117 the ref. is either to the thunder-
crash of the judgement-day or the blast of the
archangel's trumpet.
crack sb.^ (not pre-S.): lively or pert little boy
2H4 III. ii. 34 when a' was a c, not thus high. Cor.
I. iii. 74.
crack vb.: to utter (a boast) loudly or smartly Cym.
V. V. 178 onr brags Were c-'d ; (hence) to boast
LLL. IV. iii. 268 Eihiops of their sweet complexion c.
cracker : boaster John ii. i. 147.
crack-hemp (S.): gallows-bird Shr. v. i. 47. ^ A
variant of the usual word of the period, ' crack-
halter '.
cradle: place of repose MND. in. i. 83, Ven. 1185.
cradle : to lie as in a cradle (S.) Tp. i. ii. 461 husks
^^'llerein the acorn cradled.
craft : to make a (good) job of it (S.) Cor. iv. vi. 119
you have crafted fair !
crafty (2 extension of the ordinary use)
1 skilfully wrought Ado in. i. 22 crafty arrows.
2 feigned John iv. i. 53 you may think my lore 7ras
c. love ; cf. crafty-sick, feigning sickness 2H4
Ind. .37.
cramm'd reason : Troil. ii. ii. 49"^.
crank sb.: winding path Cor. i. i. US though the c-s
and offices of man.
crank vb.: to run in a winding course, zigzag 1H4
III. i. 99 how this river comes me c-ing in, Ven. 682
[the hare] c-s and crosses.
CRAITNIED -
50
CRUDY
crannied : like a cranny (S.) MND. v. i. ICO.
Grants: garland, wreath Ham. v.i. 254 aUoivdher
virgin crants (Ff riien). HTlie word ( = German
'kranz') occurs in the Eliz. period also in the
forms 'cranse, craunce, corance.'
craret (variant spelling of ' crayer ') : small trad-
ing vessel Cyni. iv. ii. 205 (old edd. care).
crave (unusual sense) : to beg to know Slir. ii. i.
ISO /'// craie the daij V/hm I shall ask the banns.
craven sb.: cock that is not ' game ' Slir. ii. i. 22G.
craven vb.: to render cowardly Cym. in. iv. 80.
craver : beggar Per. ir. i. 94. H In use 1400-1600.
craze : to break, impair R3 iv. iv. 17 c-'d iinj voice.
crazed : impaired, unsound MND. i. i. 92 Thyc. tide.
crazing : (?) shattering H5 iv. iii. 105 (see graze
vh.-i.
crazy : broken d.iwn, decrepit IHG in. ii. 89 c. age.
cream : to ionn a scum Mer.V. i. i. 87 cnam and
inantle like a standing pond.
cream-fac'd : pale Mac. v. iii. 11 f. lonn.
create pple. : created MND. v. ii. 35 [i. 412] the issue
tlure. c, .John iv. i. 107, H5 n. ii. 31 hearts c. of
da/ij and of zeal.
credent (2 for similar use of an active form with
passive sense cf. intrenchant)
1 believing, trustful Ham. i. iii. 30 with too c. ear,
C'ompl. 279 Lending. ..c. sonlto that strong-bonded
oath.
2 credible Meas. iv. iv. 29 my eenihoritij hears so
credent hulk, Wint. i. ii. 142.
credit sb.: report (S.) Tw.N. iv. iii. 6.
credit vb.: to do credit to, honour Shr. iv. i. 106.
creek : narrow or winding passage Err. iv. ii. 38 ;
winding part of a rivulet Cym. iv. ii..l51.
crescent : growing, increasing Ham. i. iii. 11, Ant.
ir. i. 10 Ml/ pollers are c, Cym. i. iv. 2 of a c. note.
crescive : growing H5 i. i. 66 c. in his faculty.
cresset: open lamp or fire-basket set up to a beacon,
transi'. lH4iii. i. 15.
crest sh. (fig. uses of 1 and 4 coincide ; the allusion
in John v. iv. 34 is doubtful ; LLL. iv. iii. 256
bianiy's tcci/ = brightness)
1 comb, tuft of feathers, or the like on an animal's
liead, only fig. 1H4 i. i. 99 bristle up The c. of
youth, Troil. I. iii. 380 make him fall Bis c, Cor.
iv. v. 226.
2 device placed on a wreath, coronet, &c., and
borne above the shield and helmet in a coat of
arms, often fig. Wiv. v. v. 6J Eetch . . . coat, and
seeeral c, MND. iii. ii. 214 like coats in heretldry. . .
crotemd with one c, AYL. iv. ii. 64, Shr. ii. i. 224,
John IV. iii. 46, 2H6 v. i. 202 old Xevil's c, The
rampant bear.
3 helmet (orig. plume of feathers, &c., on a helmet,
or the conical top of it) John ii. i. 317, Mac. v.
vii. 40 [viii. 11], Yen. 104.
4 ridge of the neck of a horse or dog Caes. iv. ii. 26,
Ven. 272 his braided hanging mane Upon his com-
pass'd crest.
crest vb. : to serve as a crest to, to top Ant. v. ii. 83
hisrear'darm C-ed the world (some heraldic crests
were of tlie form of a raised arm on a wreath).
crestless : having no heraldic crest 1H6 ii. iv. 85.
crest-wounding : disgracing the crest or cogni-
zance Lucr. 828 crest-wounding, private scar.
crewel: worsted Lr. ii. iv. 1 c. garters {Fi 12 cruell).
cribb'd: confined, hampered Mac. iii. \\.'2i cabin d,
erihli'd, eonfin'd. ^ In mod. use gen. an echo of S.
crimeftil : criminal Ham. iv. vii. 7 ((l([criminall),
Lucr. 1170.
cringe : to distort (the face) Ant. in. xi. [xiii.] 100.
cripple: lame 115 iv. Chor. 20 (old edd. creeph).
crisp :
1 curled, rijipled Tp. iv. i. \i(i Leave your c. channels,
1H4 I. iii. 106 who [swifi Severn] hid his c. head in
the hollow bank.
2 (?) shining, clear Tim. IV. iii. 184* heloiv c. heaven.
crisped: curled Mer.V. in. ii. 92 those c. . . . locks.
critic adj.: censorious LLL. iv. iii. 170 c. Timon;
so critical (not pre-S.) with the same meaning
MND. V. i. 54 satire, keen and c; critic sb. (not
pie-S.) fault-finder, caviller LLL. in. i. 186.
crone: witliered old woman Wint. 11. iii. 76.
crook-back : hunchback 3H6 n. ii. 96 ; — adj.
hunchbacked 3H6 i. iv. 75 tliat valiant c. prodigy.
crooked (fig. uses date from the ISth cent.)
1 false H5 i. ii. 94 their crooked titles.
2 perverse, malignant Gent. iv. i. 22 c. fortune,
2H6 v. i. 158, V. vi. 79, H8 v. iii. 44 c. midicc.
crop (3 not recorded before S.)
1 to gather, pluck R2 n. i. 134, 1H4 v. iv. 73.
2 to lop off R3 I. ii. 248 ; fig. Per. i. i. 141.
3 intr. to yield a crop Ant. n. ii. 233* he ploughed
her, and she cropt. [iii. 74.
crop-ear (not pre-S.) : crop-eared animal 1H4 n.
cross sb.: coin, properly, one having on it the
representation of a cross (usu. quibblingly) LLL.
I. ii. 37, AYL. n, iv. 12, 2H4 i. ii. 257.
cross adj.:
1 passing from side to side Cues. i. iii. 50 c. blue
lightning (i.e. forked), Lr. iv. vii. 35.
2 perver.s'e H8 in. ii. 215 what c. divil, Rom. iv. iii.
5 my slate, Which . . . is c. etndfull of sin ; inclined
to quarrel or disagree Shr. 11. i. 244 c. in talk, R3
III. i. 126, Tit. II. iii. 53.
cross ad v.: iroiccrosi', broken across the adversary's
body Ado v. i. 142.
cross vb. (2 the commonest S. sense)
1 to meet, face Ham. i. i. 127.
2 to thwart, go counter to MND. i. i. 150, Mac.^in.
i. 81 How . . . borne in hand, how cross d, Ven. 734.
3 to debar from 3H6 in. ii. 127 To c. me from the
golden time I look for.
4 puss, to have one's debts crossed off or cancelled
(i|uibl)lingly) Tim. i. ii. 170* ^\'hcn alls spent, he'd
he cross'd tian, an lie could.
cross-gartered: wearing garters above and below
tlie knee so as to cross behind it Tw.N. 11. v. 169,
&c.; so cross-gartering in. iv. 23.
crossing: cuntiadiction 1H4 in. i. 36.
cross-row : more fully ' Christ- ' or ' criss-cross-
row ', the alphabet, so called from the cross
formerly prefixed to it in primers R3 r. i. 55.
crotchet: used with play on the senses 'whim,
fancy ' and ' musical note ' Ado 11. iii. 59, Rom.
IV. V. 120.
crow : crowbar Err. in. i. 80, Rom. v. ii. 21.
crowd : to squeeze, crush (lit. and fig.) 2H4 iv. ii.
34, C»s. n. iv. 36.
crow-flower: buttercup Ham. iv. vii. 170. •? So
in mod. north-midland use ; Gerarde (1597) gives
the name to the Ragged Robin.
crow-keeper : one employed to keep rooks away
from corn-fields, also = scarecrow Rom. i. iv. 6,
Lr. IV. vi. 8d handles his how like a crow-keeper.
crown sb.: triple c, the papal tiara 2H6 i. iii. 66.
•[1 There are many instances of puns on various
senses MND. i. ii. 100, H5 iv. i. 248, Lr. i. iv. 172.
See also French crown.
crowner : by-form of ' coroner ' assimilated to
' crown ' Tw.N. i. v. 142, Ham. v. i. 4 The c. hath
set on tar, 23.
crownet : liy-form of 'coronet' (cf. prcc.) Ant. v.
ii. 91.
crown-imperial: handsome fritillary, Fritillaria
imperialis, a native of the Levant, cultivated in
Englisli gardens Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 126.
crudy (Q): 'curdy', thick2H-liv, iii. 106(Fi cruddii).
CRUEIi
cruel: Lr. ii. Iv. 7, see crewel;— sb. pi. cruelties
Lr. in. vii. 65.
cruelly : excessively H5 v. ii. 214 Ilote thee c.
cruelty : concr. cruel person Tw.N. i. v. 309 Fare-
ivill, fair crudti;, u. iv. 82.
crusado, cruzado: Portuguese coin, oiig. of gold,
bearing the figure of a cross Otli. iir. iv. 27.
crush: to discuss (a cup of wine) Rom. i. ii. 86.
crush'd: forced, strained H5 i. ii. 175. [ii. 200.
crutch: symbol of old age LLL. iv. iii. 245, Cym. iv.
cry sb.:
1 public report, rumour Troil. iii. iii. 184 The cry
went once on thee, Otli. iv. i. 124 the cry ijocs:
2 pack of hounds MND. iv. i. 130, Cor. iir. iii. 118,
IV. vi. 149, 0th. n. iii. 373 ; applied to a company
of people Ham. iii. ii. 294.
cry vb. (' cry niercy^- pardon, grace ' belongs to 2)
1 to supplicate, appeal IHO v. iv. 53 c. for venyeance
at the (jutes of heaven, Tim. ii. i. 20 M// nsen cry to me.
2 to beg for (something) Compl. 42 'W'liere want cries
some ; to call for, demand loudly Otli. i. iii. 278
The affair cries haste.
3 to extol, ' cry up ' H8 l. i. 27 cried incomparahlc.
cry on: to invoke ■with outcry Tw.N. v. i. 03 Cried
fame and honour on him, Troil. v. v. 35 Cryint/ on
Hector ; cry down, to put down, overwhelm by
more vehement action H8 i. i. 137 c. doitn Tliis
Ipswich fellow's insolence ; cry on, (of liounds) to
yelp on the scent Shr. Ind. i. 23, Tw.N. ii. v. 137,
Ham. IV. V. 109 on the false trad Ihei/ cry : cry out,
(1) to tell plainly Rom. iir. iii. 108, (2) to be in
labour H8 v. i. 67 ; cry out of, to complain
loudIyofH5ii. iii. 29.
crystal: used of the eyes 115 ii. iii. 57, Ven. 963.
crystal-button: worn on the jerkins of vintners
lH4n. iv. 78.
cub-drawn : sucked dry by her cubs, fierce or
ravenous Lr. iii. i. 12. [286.
cuckoldly: whose wife is unfaithful Wiv. ii. ii.
cuckoo: fool, 'gowk' lH4ii. iv. 392. ^Associated
with 'cuckold' LLL. v. ii. 908, MND. ill. i. 138,
All'sW. I. iii. 68.
cuckoo-bud : some yellow flower LLL. v. ii. 904.
cuckoo-flower (not identified) : Lr. iv. iv. 4.
cudgell'd : produced by a cudgel (S.) H5 v. i. 93.
cuisses : see cusiies.
cullion : base fellow Shr. iv. ii. 20 ; so cullionly.
culverin [ultimately from Fr. 'couleuvre ', adder) :
cannon, very long in proportion to its bore 1H4
11. iii. 58.
cumber : to harass, trouble Tim. in. vi. 62 Let it
7tot c. your better remembrance. Ores. iir. i. 264.
cunning' (the sense of ' underhand craft ' is freq.)
1 knowledge Troil. v. v. 41, Cor. iv. i. 9, Tim. v.
iv. 28, Otli. III. iii. 49.
2 skill, ability Shr. Ind. i. 92, H5 v. ii. 149 I haie
no c. in protestation, Rom. ii. ii. 101, Hani. iv.
vii. 155, Ant. ii. iii. 34.
3 profession Tim. iv. iii. 210 By puttiny on the c. of
a carper.
cunning adj. (2 still in wide dial, use)
1 ' knowing ', skilful, clever Ado ii. ii. 53, v. i. 239,
Shr. I. i. 97, 191 c. schoolmasters, Rom. iv. ii. 2
cunniny cooks, Hani. iii. iv. 138.
2 cunniny man, fortune-teller, wizard 2H6iv. i. 34;
cf. cunniny witch 2H6 i. ii. 75.
3 dexterously wrought or devised R2 i. iii. 163 a c.
instrument, 0th. v. ii. 11, 332 any c. cruelty.
cup : to ply with drink, intoxicate Ant. ii. vii. 124.
Cupid's flower : the pansy, also called heartsease
and love-in-idleness MND. iv. i. 79.
cur : formerly used without depreciation of dogs of
the mastiff or other large kind Mac. in. j. 93.
*'„ Still dial. = shepherd's dog, watcli-dog.
51 -CUSTOMER
curate : priest having a cure of souls, parish priest
LLL. v. i. 123, Tw.N. iv. ii. 3, 25.
curb: to restrain from R2 i. i. 54, Cym. ii. iii. 125
you are curb'dfroiii that enlarytment. ^ Also the
usu. spelling in mod. edd. of courb.
curdled (S.): congealed Cor. v. iii. 66 the icicle
That's curdied.
curdy: see c bud y.
cure sb. (for proverbs see care)
1 remedy 118 i. iv. 33 For my little c. Let me alone.
2 stand in bold {hard) cure, are in a healthy (desper-
ate) state Lr. iir. vi. 109, 0th. ii. i. 51.
cure vb.: to bo remedied Rom. i. ii. 50.
cureless: incurable Mer.V. iv. i. 142, 3H0 ii. vi.
23, Lucr. 772.
curiosity : nicety, delicacy, fastidiousness Tim.
IV. iii. 303, Lr. i. i. 6, i. ii. 4, i. iv. 15 jealous c.
curious (meaning uncertain in some passages)
1 anxious, concerned Cym. i. vi. 191 c. . . . To have
ilieiii in safe stowaye ; causing or involving care
Wint. IV. iii. [iv.] 527 c. business, Troil. iii. ii. 68.
2 particular, fastidious, nice Shr. iv. iv. 36, AU'sW.
I. ii. 20 rather c. than in haste, Sonn. xxxviii. 13,
Compl. 49 c. secrecy ; careful in observation Rom.
I. iv. 31 curious eye.
3 made with care, skilfully wrought.dainty, delicate
3H6 II. v. 53, Lr. i. iv. 35 a c. tale, Cym. v. v. 362
a Most c. mantle, Per. I. i. 16, l. iv. 43, Veu. 734.
4 adv. delicately, nicely LLL. i. i. 247 c.-lcnolted
yardiii, Lucr. ViOO too curious-ejood,
curiously : fastidiously, delicately, minutely Ado
V. i. 100, Shr. IV. iii. 143 The sleeves curiously cut,
Ham. V. i. 226.
currance : current H5 i. i. 34 (Ff2 3 -ant, F4 -ent).
currentsb.: unimpeded course or progress Mer.V.
IV. i. 64 the c. of thy cruelty, 1H4 11. iii. 60 c-s of
a heady fiyht,
current adj. : often allusively used in ref. to
'current coin' = (i) common R2 v. iii. 123; (ii)
sterling, genuine 1H4 11. i. 59 holds c. (-proves
true), R3 i. ii. 84 malie No excuse c, i. iii. 256, 11.
i. 95 c.froni suspicion (= sound and not attacked
by suspicion), H8 i. iii. 47 Held c. music (ellipt. =
have it considered good music). [v. 26%
currish : (?) involving stories about beasts 3H0 v.
curry : to use flattery 2H4 v. i. 81.
cursorary (S.) : cursory H5 v. ii. 77 (Q3 cursorury,
Qi[i2 cursenary. Ft curselurie, -y).
curst (usu. spelling of ' cursed ' in the foil, uses)
1 malignant, perverse, slirewish LLL. iv. i. 36 c.
wives, Shr. 1. i. 184 c. and shrewd, 11. i. 307, 1H4 11.
iii. 51 thiclc-eycd musiny and curst melancholy.
2 savage, vicious Ado ir. i. 25 God sends a c. cow
short horns, "Wint. in. iii. 135 (of bears), Ven. 887
(of a boar).
curstness : malignancy, ill humour Ant. 11. ii. 25.
curtal: having the tail docked, applied to a common
dog Wiv. II. i. 112, Err. iii. ii. 152 ; — sb. the proper
name of a horse AU'sW. n. iii. 65.
curtle-axe [perverted form of ' cutlass ' = Fr.
' coutelas '] : broad cutting sword AYL. i. iii. 120,
H5 IV. ii. 21.
curtsy sb., .see courtesy ; vb. (old edd. frtq.cursie),
cushes: armour for the thighs 1H4 iv. i. 105.
cushion : symbol of peace and ease Cor. iv. vii. 43
From the casque to the c; a swelling simulating
pregnancy 2H4 v. iv. 17. [82.
custard-cofiin : crust over a custard Shr. rv. iii.
custerell: form of coistrel in Per. iv. vi. 181
(^412 3).
custom : of c, customary Wiv. v. v. 81 Our dance
of c, Mac. in. iv. 97, 0th. in. iii. 122 ; ivitli a c,
from liabit AVint. rv. iii. [iv.] 12.
customer: harlot All'sW. v. iii. 291, Otli. iv. i. 120.
CUSTOM-SHBtllTK
52
— SAR£
custom-shrunk : having fewer customers Meas.
I. ii. 90.
cut sb. (:{ ? one with a docked tail)
1 druii) ciilf:, draw lots Err. v. i. 425.
2 slash in a garment Ado in. iv. 19.
3 common or working horse ; (as a proper name)
1H4 II. i. 6, (as a term of abuse, cf. horse) Tw.N.
II. iii. 206 call me cut.
cut vb.:
1 to carve, represent in stone Mar. V. i. i. 84 cut in
alahdsler, Wint. v. iii. 79 uliat fine chisel Could
ever yet cut breath ?.
2 to preclude /ro»i 1H4 v. ii. 90.
cut off, (1) to make an end of, break off, cancel John
II. i. 96, H5 V. i. 88, Cies. IV. i. 9, Lr. ll. iv. 177 ;
(2) to put to death Meas. v. i. 35, Ham. i. v. 76,
I^r. TV. V. 38 ; cut out, to shape according to
a pattern, fig. Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 395.
cut and long-tail : lit. horses or dogs with docked
tails and with long tails, fig. all sorts of people
AViv. III. iv. 47.
cutpurse: pickpocket, thief Lr. in. ii. 88.
cutter: sculptor Cym. ii. iv. 83; cutter-off: inter-
rupter, curtailer AYL. i. ii. 54 the c. o/Xuture'swit.
cuttle : ? cut-throat, bully 2H4 ii. iv. 138.
Cyclops : one of a race of one-eyed giants who
forged thunderbolts for Zeus Tit. iv. iii. 46 of the
C size, Ham. il. ii. 519 the C hammers.
cynic : one of tlie same school of philosophy as
Diogenes, who carried to an extreme of asceticism
the principle of contempt for ease, wealth, and
the enjoyments of life ; (hence) surly, rude fellow
Caes. IV. iii. 132.
Cynthia : the moon personified as a goddess Rom.
III. V. 20, Yen. 728.
cypress' : tree of hard durable wood and dense
dark foliage, symbolical of mourning ; attrib.
Shr. II. i. 345 In c. chests, 2H6 iii. ii. 323, Cor. i.
X. 30 fit the c. f/rove (Ff Cyprus) ; Tw.N. n. iv. 52*
in sad c, (a) in a coffin of cypress wood, (b) on a
bier strewn with cypress.
cypress- : crape-like fabric Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 221
Cypress black as e'er 7tas croiv (some mod. edd.
ci/jirus) ; kerchief made of this, used as ' luourn-
iijg' Tw.N. in. i. 134 (see Aldis Wriglit's note).
Cytherea: Venus, Shr. Ind. ii. 53, Wint. iv. iii.
[IV.] 122.
D
daff (2 diiff'd the world aside 1H4 iv. i. 90 has been
much imitated by modern writers)
1 to put off (clothes, armour) Ant. iv. iv. 13 till wc
do please To daff't for our repose, Compl. 297 my
nh He stole . . . t daff'd.
2 to put, turn, or thrust aside Ado ii. iii. 187, v. i.
78 Canst thou so d. me?, Pilgr. xiv. 3 [183] daff'd
Vie to a cabin.
3 to put off with an excuse 0th. iv. ii. 176 (Fi dafts,
Qq dofftst).
dagg'er (S. is earliest for fig. uses exemplified in
Mer.V. III. i. 118, Mac. il. iii. 147, Ham. in. ii. 421)
1 rapier (or sword) and (/., method of lighting intro-
duced towards the end of the 16th cent, and
taking the place of sword-and-buckler fighting
Wiv. I. i. 297, Ham. v. ii. 152 ; attrib. Meas. iv.
iii. 16 the rapier and dagger man.
2 d. of lath, wooden weapon borne by Vice in the
morality plays Tw.N. iv. ii. 140, 1H4 ii. iv. 154 ;
cf. 2H4 III. ii. 347 Vice's d., H5 iv. iv. 78 pare his
nails with a wooden d. (cf. Tw.N. iv. ii. 138-144),
dainty sb. (2 common plirase 1550-1050)
1 daintiness, fastidiousness 2H4iv. i. IQSwearyOfd.
2 make dainty, be chary or loth Rom, i. v. 23.
dainty adj.: d. of, scrupulous or particular about
Troil. I. iii. 145, Mac. ii. iii. 151 let its not be d. of
Itare-takiny.
daisied (not pre-S.): full of daisies Cym. rv. ii. 398.
dalliance (obs. use): idle delay 1H6 v. ii. 5.
dally: to trifle (wUh) Shr. iv. iv. 68, Tw.N. ii. iv.
47, III. i. 16.
Damascus : referred to as the place where Cain
slew Abel, 1H6 I. iii. 39.
damask sb.: the colour of the d. rose (Wint. iv. iii.
[iv.] 222), = (1) blush-red colour Cor. li. i. 235 the
war of u'hite and d. in Their. . . checks ; (2) striped
red and white AYL. in. v. 123 mingled d. ;— adj.
of such colour (in both applications) LLL. v. ii.
297 their d. sweet commixture, Tw.N. n. iv. 114 her
d. cheek, Pilgr. vii. 5 [89] A lily pale, with d. dye to
grace her. [5.
daiuask'd: of the hue of a damask rose Sonn. cxxx.
dame (3 Ijy far the most freq. use)
1 mistress (of a household, &c.) Wint. iv. iii. [iv.]
57 Both d. and servant, Lucr. 1034.
2 a form of address to a lady Ant. iv. iv. 29.
3 woman of rank, lady MND. v. i. 300, Mac. iv. ii.
63, Lucr. 21 such n fearless d.; prefixed to a name
2H6 I. ii. 39 Dame Margaret.
4 motlier 2H4 nr. ii. 125, Lucr. 1477.
damp : vapour, fog, mist All'sW. ii. i. 166, Ant.
IV. ix. 13, Lucr. 778 With rotten damps ravish the
morning air.
damnation : abusively addressed to a person Rom.
in. v. 235 Ancient d.! 0 most wicked Jiend !
Dan : master ( = don) LLL. in. i. 190 (Qi).
dance: d. bare-foot, said of an elder sister when
a younger one is married before her Shr. n. i. 33.
dancing' horse: a famous performing hor.se named
Morocid, kept by one Banks LLL. i. ii. 58.
dancing- rapier : sword worn only for ornament
in dancing Tit. n. i. 39 (cf. AU'sW. ir. i. 33, Ant.
III. ix. [xi.] 36).
danger (2 these are late cxx. of this sense)
1 power to liarm ; reach or range (as of a weapon) :
within (a person's) d., John iv. iii. 84 Xor tempt
the d. of my true defence ; in his power, at his
mercy Mer.V. iv. i. 180 ; so in, into or out of the
d. o/Tw.N. V. i. 88, Mac. in. ii. 15, Ham. i. iii. 35
Out of the shot and d. of desire.
2 mischief, harm, damage Mer.V. iv. i. 38, Cses. n.
i. 17 Thfit at his will he may do d. with.
dangerous: threatening Ado v. 1. 97 d. words,
1H4 v. i. 69 (/. countenance.
dankish: dank, humid Err. v. i. 248 rf. vault.
Dansker: Dane, Ham. ii. i. 7. IJThe Danish form.
Daphne : nymph pursued by her lover Apollo and
changed into a laurel tree MND. ii. i. 231, Shr.
Ind. ii. 59.
Dardan, Dardanian: Trojan, of Troy.
dare sb. : defiance Ant. i. ii. 197 Pompeius Hath qiven
the d. to Cusar ; daring, boldness 1H4 iv. i.'78 II
lends ... A larger d. to our great enterprise.
dare vb.' (2 freq.: not pre-Eliz.)
1 to go so far as to, be willing to Mer.V. v. i. 251
/ d. be bound, H8 v. i. 17 / love you Attd durst
commend a secret to your ear ; phr. dares or durst
better =-vfou]d rather All'sW. in. vi. 95, H8 in.
ii. 254
2 to challenge, defy MND. in. ii. 413, IHO i. iii. 45
am I dar'd and bearded to my face ?, Rom. ii. iv. 12
being d-d. Ham. iv. v. 1.32 7 d. damnation, Mac.
III. iv. 104, Ant. III. xi. [xiii.] 25. % Obscure
passages : Meas. iv. iv. 28'' (' Reason taunts or
defies her with no,' or ' Reason defies her denial
of my assertions'); 2H4 iv. i. 119* ('Their
coursers, by neigliing, challenging the spur to
give the signal of setting off').
DARE —
dare vb.- (of difleieiit origin from vb.') : to tlaze,
dazzle, or fascinate (larks) ami so entrap them,
e.g. by means of a piece of scarlet cloth and
alooking-glassHSlii. ii. 283 Jjif/ d. us wiUi litscap
like li(rks (i-ef. to the cardinal's biretta) ; so H5iv.
ii. 30 dare thejltkl ( = make the prey crouch).
dareful : defiant Mac. v. v. G.
daring' : qiiasi-adv. in K2 i. iii. 43 tluniij-linrdi/.
dark adj.: S. is the earliest authority (in the mod.
pei'iocl) for the senses ' iniquitous, evil ' (R2 i. i.
169), ' gloomy, dismal ' (Mer.V. v. i. 87, Rom. iii.
V.36), 'frowning, clouded' (Ven. 182), 'indistinct,
indiscernible ' (Tp. i. ii- 50, Ven. 700), 'concealed,
secret ' (Lr. i. i. 38) ; also for d. Iioitse, d. room,
formerly considered a jjroper place of confine-
ment for madmen Err. IV. iv. 96, AYL. iii. ii. 427;
similarly keep liiiiLd., keep him confined in a dark
room AU'sW. iv. i. 101.
dark vb.: to obscure, eclipse Per. iv. Govrer 35.
dark adv. = DABKLiNG AYL. in. v. 39 //o d. to btd.
darken : to deprive of lustre or reiiown, eclipse
Cor. II. i. 278, Ant. iii. i. 24 f/am ultkli d-s liiiii.
darking : eclipse Troil. v. viii. 7 d. of the sun.
darkling : in tlie dark MND. ii. ii. 80, Lr. i. iv. 240.
darkly : S. is earliest for ' secretly ' (Meas. iii. ii.
192, All'sW. IV. iii. 14), 'gloomily, frowningly'
(Tw.N. II. i. 4 My stars shine d. over uie, R3 i. iv.
178 Hoio darkly . . . dost thou speak .').
darkness : death Meas. in. i. 82. ^ t'f. the biblical
phrase 'darkness and the shadow of death '.
darnel : a grass, Lolium temulcntuni, a weed in-
jurious to growing corn Lr. iv. iv. 5. T] In IHO
III. ii. 44 there is possibly a ref. to the belief tliat
' Darnell hurteth the eies and maketh them dim,
if it happen in corne ' (Geraide).
darraign : to set in array 3H0 ii. ii. 72.
darting: shooting darts Ant. iir. i. 1 d. Parthia
(ref. to the jpractice of Parthian Iiorsemen, who
retreated snooting flights of arrows backward
upon the enemy).
dash sb. (1 common Eliz. and Caroline phr.)
1 at Jirst dash, from the first IHO i. ii. 71.
2 stroke of the pen, or of colour Lucr. 200 Souie
loatlisoiiie dash the herald will contrive.
3 touch Wint. v. ii. 127 the d. of uiy former life.
dash vb. (physical senses also occur)
1 to destroy, frustrate LLL. v. ii. 403, 3H0 ir. i. 118.
2 to daunt, dispirit, abash LLL. v. ii. 583 an honest
man, look you, etnd soon dashed .', 0th. in. iii. 214.
date (1 the prevailing S. meaning)
1 duration, term of existence Err. i. ii. 41, MND.
in. ii. 373 whose d. till death shedl never end, John
IV. iii. 106, R3 iv. iv. 255, Rom. i. iv. 3, 109,
Sonn. exxiii. 5 Our dates are brief.
2 limit or end of a period or term Sonn. xiv. 14
Thy e)id is truth's and beauty's doom and dale.
date-broket: Tim. ir. ii. 'i% demands of dale-broke
bo)uls (Fi dema}uls of debt, broken Honds).
dateless (not pre-S.): without term, endless,
limitless R2 i. iii. 151 The d. limit, Kom. v. iii.
115, Sonn. xxx. 6, cliii. 0.
daub : to cover with a specious exterior R3 in. v. 28
d-'dhisvicewithshowof virtue ; nod. it, dissemble,
pretend Lr. iv. i. 52 (Qq dance it).
daubery : false sliow Wiv. iv. ii. 190.
daughter: rhymes with 'after' in Shr. i. i. 243.
Oaiiphin (old edd. Dolphin) : Hrj i. ii. 221.
daw: type of foolishness IHO ii. iv. 18, Cor. iv. v. 48.
dawning : morning Lr. n. ii. I Good d. (Qq ciien) ;
biril of dawnvny, the cock Ham. r. i. 100.
day (3 the lit. sense of ' daylight ' occurs in com-
parisons 2H4 IV. iv. 32 Open as day, 2H0 ii. i. 107
clear as day)
1 phrases : JHow's the d.l, wliat time is it ? Tp. v. i.
53 -DEAR
3 ; so by tlie d. =o'cIock 1H4 ii. i. 2 ; take no lonr/er
d-s, be no longer about it Tit. iv. ii. 107 ; The duty
of the d., morning salutation Cyni. in. v. 32, also
time of day (freq.).
2 =day of battle John in. iv. 116 by losiny of this d.,
2H4 I. ii. 170 ; (hence) victory John n. i. 393 To
whom in favour she shall ejive the d., 1H4 v. iv. 103,
2H0 v. ii. 89.
3 light (fig.) Ant. iv. viii. 13 0 thou d. o' the world .'.
day-bed: sofa, couch Tw.N. n. v. 55, R3 in. vii. 71
lollinij on a lend d. ^\ Used dial, as adj. = lazy.
day-woman : dairy-woman LLL. i. ii. !38.
dazzle : (of the eyes) to lose distinctness of vision,
esp. from gazing at too bright light LLL. i. i. 82,
3H0 II. i. 25 D. mine eyes, or do I see three sitns ?,
Tit. III. ii. 85, Ven. 1004. ^ In Gent. ii. iv. 211
d-d is 3 syll. (Fj dazel'd, Ffo_« dazel'd so).
dead (« dead man = ' a man marked out for death '
occurs once Wiv. iv. ii. 45)
1 is dead = hAa died Ado v. i. 254, H5 v. i. 86, Rom.
v. iii. 210 my wife is deeal to-niqht, Lr. v. iii. 294.
2 deadly, mortal MND. ni. ii. 57, Wint. rv. iii. [iv.]
447 the d. blow of it, R2 IV. i. 10* thai d. time (but
? = (l;nk and dreary, like d. hour Ham. i. i. 05).
3 deadly \v.xW 2114 i. i. 71, 0th. n. iii. 179.
dead-killing ^S.): mortal R3 iv. i. 35, Lucr. 540.
deadly adj.: death-like, deathly Err. iv. iv. 'ih their
■pale and d. looks, Tw.N. i. v. 286 such a d. life,
Lr. V. iii. 292 clieerless, dark, and deadly.
deadly adv.: = mortally (in various uses) Ado v. i.
182 hale him d., R3 in. vii. 20 d. pale, Troil. v. v.
12 dually hurt. Cor. 11. i. 08 they lie dtadly.
deadly-handed: murderous 2H0 v. ii. 9.
deadly-standing* : fixed with deathly stare Tit.
II. iii. 32.
dead men's fingers: the early purple orchis,
Oichis mascula Hani. iv. vii. 172. [271.]
deal sb.: no d., not at all Sonn. Music iii. 27 [Pilgr.
deal vb. : to act (freq.) John v. ii. 22 ; phr. d. upon,
set to work upon, proceed against H3 iv. ii. 73 ;
d. in, (1) proceed or act in (a matter) Ado iv. i.
249, V. i. 101 ; (2) have to do with Tp. v. i. 271,
1H6 V. V. 66, 3H0 in. ii. 154 ; dealt on lieutinanlry,
fought by proxy Ant. in. ix. [xi.] 39. [270.
dealing : in plain d., putting it plainly Meas. ii. i.
dear adj. ' (2, 4, and 5 peculiar to 8. ; many instances
of rf. usu. referred to this word belong to the next)
1 precious, valuable, worthy Mer.V. i. i. 02 Your
worth is very d. in my rnjard, R2 I. iii. 156, 1H4
IV. iv. 31 d. men Of estimation. Cor. i. vi. 72, ii. iii.
102, Sonn. xxx. 4 wail my d. times' waste.
2 important, significant 1H4 iv. i. 34, Rom. v. ii. 19
full of charge Of d. import, v. iii. 32, Lr. ni. i. 19 I
'. . . dare . . . Command a d. thiny to you ; hence in
weakened ironical sense of ' precious ' Ado i. i. 134,
Mer.V. III. V. 71 0 dear discretion, Lr. i. iv. 290.
3 afl'ectionate, fond, loving Gent. iv. iii. 14 what d.
good will I bear, Wint. ii. iii. 149 our d. services,
Sonn. cxxxi. 3 my dear doling heart.
4 heartfelt, hearty ; (hence) earnest, zealous LLL.
II. i. 1, 1H4 V. V. SQyour d-est speed, Troil. v. iii. 9.
5 (a) rare, unusual, or (b) loving, kind Rom. in. iii.
28* This IS dear mercy (Qi meere, i. e. mere).
dear adj.'- (of different origin from dear adj.', but
undoubtedly associated with it in use) : liard,
grievous, dire Tp. ii. i. 142, LLL. v. ii. 872, All'sW.
IV. V. 11, Tw.N. v. i. 75, John i. i. 257 my d.
offence, R2 l. iii. 151 tlty d. exile, R3 i. iv. 219, Tim.
IV. iii. 384, v. i. 233 In ourd. peril, 0th. i. iii. 201,
Sonn. xxxvii. 3 fortune's d-est spite. Ti Cf. ' turnd
to disadvantage deare,' Spenser.
dear adv.: = dearly (i) with the verbs 'aby ', ' buy",
'cost', (ii) with 'love'; occas. with 'grieve'
C'.Ts. in. i. VM yricie thee deanr.
BEAR'D
54
_ DEEP-MOUTH'D
dear'dt: lield dear Ant. i. iv. 44 (old edd. fear d).
dearly (sense 3 is purely S.)
1 richly, finely Troil. iii. iii. 06 how d. ever parted
(= richly gifted), Cym. ii. ii. 18.
2 heartily 'SVint. v. i. 130 dearly nelroine.
3 deeply," keenly Err. ii. ii. 134 hoicd. nmM ,t touch
thee, AYL. I. iii. 36, Ham. iv. iii. 44 'cedf/rure.
dearness: affection, fondness Ado in. I'.-.^VVi
dearth: costliness, high value Ham. v. ii.-.l-*;
death (first in S. as an exclamation H8 i. ui. l-i)
1 the death : a common idiom in earlier Lnglisli
Err. I. i. 14(i adjiuhied to the d., MND. i. i. 05, K2
III. i. 29, H5 IV. i. i84, E3i. ii. 119 be,, the d.- also
in phrases still current die the d., to the d., he the
death of. .. „^ , ■ n
2 skeleton, or skull Mer.V. ii. vii. 6S A carrion D.,
John V. ii. 177 A hare-rihVd D.\ cf. d- s face LLL.
V. ii. 613, death's-head Mer.V. i. ii. 55.
deathful: deadly, mortal 2H6 iii. ii. 404 a d. wound ;
so death-like Per. i. i. 29 dcath-liU drayons
death-mark'd: marked out for death Rom. Prol. J.
death-practis'd : whose death is plotted hi: n .
deathsman: executioner 2H6 in. ii. 217, Lucr. 1001.
death-token: plague-spot betokening the ap-
jir.iaching death of the patient Troil. ii. in. 189
(cf. Ant. III. viii. 19 [x. 9]). •••ion
debase: to degrade the dignity of R2 in. "i-.l^O-
debate sb.: contention, quarrel MJsD. ii. i. li",
Sonn. Ixxxix. 13. U Not used = argument, dis-
cussion. , .,, ,
debate vb.: to fight Lucr. 1421 d. with angry sirord^
S,.nn XV. 11 ; with U AllsW. l. ii. 75* natureaud
s,rknc>:s Debate it at their leisure. U Tlie sense ot
'discuss' occurs.
debatement: deliberation, consideration Meas.
V. i. 100, Ham. v. ii. 45.
debater : disputant Lucr. 1019.
debile : weak AU'sW. ii. iii. 40, Cor. i. ix. 48 some
ihliiii ivnteli. ,
debitor find creditor : statement of account, account-
book 0th. I. i. 31, Cym. v. iv. 171.
debonair : gentle, meek Troil. i. in. 235.
deboshed (2 a 17th cent, sense)
1 corrupted, depraved Tp. in. ii. 31, All sA\ . ii. m.
145 Lr. I. iv. 265 {Videbnsh'd, Qq diboyst).
" vilified All'sW. v. iii. 208 lax'd and debosli'd.
debted (not post-Eliz.) : indebted Err. iv. i. 31.
decay sb. (la common 16th c. use) ,r < t;
1 downfall, destruction, ruin John iv. in. loillic
nnminent d. of wrested pomp. 2H6 in. i. 194, K.i ly.
iv. 410, Lucr.' 516 thy life's d.; also, cause of ruin
Sonn. Ixxx. 14 my love 7vas my decay.
2 a ruin (fig.) Lr. v. ii. 299 this great decay.
decay vb. (cf. prec. word) . „ , . , ■ .
1 to perish, be destroyed 1H6 i. i. 34, Ant. ii. i. 4,
Lucr. 23, Sonn. Ixxi. 12. , , , ,
"> to destroy Cym. i. v. 56 to decay A day s wort;.
d'eceas'd : bygone 2H4 in. i. 81 times deceas'd.
deceivable : deceitful, deceptive Tvv.N. iv. m. n,
K2 n. iii. 84.
deceive (rare and obs. uses)
1 to be f;ilse to, betray 1H4 v. i. 11.
2 to cheat onto/ Sonn. iv. 10. ..
deceptions (first in S.) : delusive Troil. v. n. 120
Iv ,fllin.^f organs had deceptious functions.
decimation: selection of every tenth man tor
punishment bv death Tim. v. iv. 31.
decipher (both S. senses are obs.) .. o , j,
1 to reveal, detect 1H6 iv. i. 184, Tit. iv. ii. 8 both
decipUer'd . . . For villains, mark d uith rape.
2 to make known, indicate Wiv. v. ii. 11.
deck sb. : pack of cards 3H0 v. i. 44. "l Since lab c.
dial, (chielly midland).
deck vb.: to cover Tp. i. n. lo5 . . , ,
declension: falling away from a Ingh standard
'>H4 n. ii. 193 (Q descension), R3 in. vu. 188 ; ae-
cline, deterioration Ham. ii. ii. 149 and by tittsd.
Into the madness. , -i i-t„
decline (the sense of ' fall off in vigour, vitality,
&C.' occurs, cf. DECLINED)
1 to incline or lean to Err. in. n. 44.
2 to fall, sink Shr. Ind. i. 119 vith d-inghead, Troil.
IV v. 188, Cor. II. i. 180, Tim. i. i. 89, Ham. ii. n.
508 ; in pa. pple. AVint. v. ii. 82 had one eye d-d,
Lucr. 1661 With head d-'d ; fig. to fall upon (an
unwojthy object) Ham. i. v. 50 to d. Upon a uretch.
3 to bend (the head, &c.) Err. in. ii. 139, Lr. iv. ii. 22.
4 to inflect (a word) AViv. iv. i. 43 ; (hence) to go
through (a matter) formally and in order R3 ly.
iv 97 (' eo through it all from beginning to end j,
Troil u iii. 55 III decline the ukole question.
declined : fallen, decayed, deteriorated, enfeebled
Troil. in. iii. 76, iv. v. 188, Ant. m. xi. [xin.y7
('decayed in fortune') ; similarly declining (ti'i)
Lr. I. ii. 80 (Ff rffc/m (J).
decoct : to warm up (S.) H5 in. v. 20.
dedicate pple.: dedicated Meas. n n. 154 uhose
winds are d. To nothing temporal, 2Hb ^. ii. o7
didioite to n-ar. .
dedicated: Tim. iv. ii. 13 A d. beggar to the an { =
' a beggar devoted by fortune to a homeless life );
Sonn. Ixxxii. 3 The d. mrds (=words of dedica-
tion, dedicatoiy epistle). . ,^ .,,.,„
deed: performance (o/ what is promised) AUsW.
III. \^. 101, Tim. V. i. 29, Ham. i. iii. 27 ; Lr. i. i.
73 mil very deal of lore (=what my love really is).
deed-achievinff : achieved by acts of valour Cor.
II. i. 192. "H Cf. uNKECALLiNG for jjassive sense.
deedless: inactive Troil. iv. v. 98. .,,,.,,.,
deem : thought Troil. iv. iv. 69 what icicJced d.is this f
deep sb.: depths in d. of night AViv. iv. iv. 41, C«s.
deep adj. "(besides the sense of 'intense' the follow-
ing are the chief fig. uses) ...
1 grave, serious, weighty 1H4 i. in. 190 matter d-
and dangerous, R3 in. vn. 66 d. dtsigns.iv. n. 118
viy d. service (Qq true), Mac. i. in. 12b Ind-est
consequence, Cym. ii. iii. 96 ; grievous, lieinous.
R3 n. ii. 28 d. vice, Tim. in. iv. 31, Mac. i. vn. 20,
Lucr. 701. . • 1 f T,,
2 profound in learning, knowledge or insiglit ip.
II. i. 274 A chough of as d. chat, 2H4iv. n. 17, K-J
ju.vU.li deep divines. . .n i i
3 profound in craft or subtlety 2H6 iii. i. 57 il. de-
ceit, R3 I. iii. 2-24 d. traitors, ii. i. 38.
deep- in comb.: = to a depth, deeply, profoundly,
intensely, as deep-contuitplatiu AlL. ii. vn. di,
deen-elivn-ciiKi (but ? two separate words) Err. ii.
ii 142 ,?«p-rfr,(»//(-y Troil. Prol. 12, dcepHlrenched
Lucr. 1100, diep-green Compl. 213, deeji-premcdi-
tatcd 1H6 in. i. 1, deep-revolving R3 iv. n 42, deep-
scarched LLL. I. i. 85, deep-sore Yen. 432, def?'-
sivat Yen. i32, ehep-nounded Pilgr. >X- J? Il2bj ,
= froiu the depths (^ffp-./'rf (i.e. fetched) 2Hb II. IV.
33 : = solemnly deep-sieorn John in. i. 2.31 (ci.
DEEPLY 2); deep-brain'd : full of profound
thought Compl. 209.
deeply (3 freq., with various applications)
1 profoundlv, thoroughly Tw.N. ii. v. 48 ; with pro-
found craft Shr. iv. iv. 42 dissemble deeply.
2 solemnly Ham. iii. ii. 237 'Tis d. sieorn (cf. deep
oaths LLL. I. i. 23, deep vow Lucr. 1847).
3 intensely AVint. n. iii. 14, 2H4 iv. v. 2b so deeply
•direct Tit. iv. i. 98, A'en. 814 eleeply distress d.
4 with' 'deep '.sound Shr. II. i. 194, A'en. 832.
deep-moiith'd : loud and sonorous Shr. Ind. i. ib
d. braeh, John v. ii. 173, H5 v. Chor. 11 ((. sea.
DESB — 55
deer: in Lr. iir. iv. 142 mice and nils and such small
deer, & line from tlie old romance of Sir Bevis of
Hampton is echoed, where 'deer' has the old
sense of ' beasts ', ' animals ' ; but S. no doubt
' associated the word with the object of the chase.
deface: to ert'ace, obliterate, cancel Mer.V. iir. ii.
WW dfface ilie bond, 2H6 i. i. 103.
defame : evil repute, infamy Lucr. 768, &c.
defam'd : made of ill repute 2H6 iii. i. 123.
default (1 phrase peculiar to S.)
1 lack All'sW. ir. iii. 241 m the d. ( = at need).
2 fault Err. i. ii. 52, 1H6 ii. i. 60, iv. iv. 28.
defeat sb. (obs. use) : destruction, ruin Ado iv. i.
47 defcut of her vinjhiity. Ham. ii. ii. 606 [598].
defeat vb. (1 common 1435-1635 ; 2 rare sense)
1 to undo, destroy, ruin Tim. iv. iii. 164, Hani. r.
[ ii. 10 a d-idjoij, 6th. iv. ii. 160 muij d. iiii/ life.
2 to disligurc, deface 0th. r. iii. 346.
3 to defraud (any one) o/MND. iv. i. 163, Sonn. xx.
11 Xdlure . . . by addition iiic of thee d/featcd.
defeature: disfigurement Err. ii. i. 98, Ven. 736.
defect: defectiveness, faultiness Mac. ir. i. 18,
Sonn. cxlix. 11 all my best doth worship thy d.
defence (2 a 17tli cent, use, now rare)
1 capacity of defending itself 3H6 v. i. 64*.
2 art of defending oneself, practice or skill in self-
defence AYL. III. iii. 65, Vxs. iv. iii. 201, Ham. iv.
vii. 97.
3 arms, armour Tw.N. iii. iv. 243, Rom. iir. iii.
133, Ant. IV. iv. 10 Go put oh thy dffencis.
defend (1 chiefly in God defend!)
1 to forbid Ado ir. i. 99, iv. ii. 22, 1H4 iv. iii. 38,
0th. I. iii. 268, Ant. ur. iii. 43 his else defend!
2 intr. (of the usual trans, sense) to make a defence
H5 I. ii. 137 defend Against the Scot.
defendant : defensive H5 ir. iv. 8 means d.
defensible : able to make a defence 2H4 ii. iii. 38,
H5 iir. iii. 50.
defer (obs. use) : to waste (time) 1H6 in. ii. .33.
defiance (1 the usual S. sense ; 2 only S.)
1 challenge to fight K2 in. iii. 130, Cas. v. i. 64.
2 declaration of aversion, rejection Meas. iii. i. 141
Take my defiance ; Die, perish .'.
deficient: failing, fainting Lr. iv. vi. 24 the de-
ficient siyht. ^ Not pre-Eliz. in anv sense.
defile : used with a quibble on ' pitch ' AH'sW. iv.
iv. 24 I)-s the pitchy night, Tim.i. ii. 234 ; cf. Ado
III. iii. 61. [118.
definement (not pre-S.) : description Ham. v. ii.
definite : resolute Cym. i. vi. 43 ; so defijiitive
Meas. v. i. 428.
deformed: deforming Err. v. i. 299 Time's d. hand.
defunct (not pre-S. as an adj.) ; dead H5 iv. i. 21 ;
(?) discharged, laid aside 0th. i. iii. 266 In my{mef)
defanct and proper satisfaction.
defunction : decease H5 i. ii. 58.
defunctive (S.): funeral Phoen. 14 J. music.
defuse : see diffuse.
defy (1, 2, and sense ' set at defiance ' are about
equally common in S.)
1 to challenge, esp. to a fight Err. v. i. 32, John ii.
i. 406, H5 II. i. 76, Ant. ii. ii. 164.
2 to reject, despise AYL. Epil. 21, Mer.V. iir. v.
76, lH4 IV. i. 6 do d. The tongues of soothers, Ham.
v. ii. 232 we defy augury. Per. iv. vi. 29.
deig°n (obs. use) : to condescend to take, accept
without grudging Gent. i. i. 162, Ant. i. iv. 6,3.
deject pple.: downcast, dejected Troil. ii. ii.50 Jlake
. . . luslikood d.. Ham. in. i. 164 d. and wretched.
dejected : abased, humbled Wiv. v. v. 175, Lr. iv.
i. 3 (= thing most humbled by fortune), Per. ii.
ii. 46 the d. state wherein he is.
delated* : (a) expressly stated, (b) conveyed Ham.
I. ii. 38 (Q of 1603 reluUd, Q-i dclalul, Fi dilated).
- DEMOySTBASI.E
delation: accusation Otli. in. iii. 123 (Qi denole-
tiiints, Ff Qq2 3 dilations'^.
delectable: K2 n. iii. 7, 2H4 iv. iii. 108.
delicate sb.: delicacy, luxury 3H6 n. v. 51.
delicate (often more than one sense is implied)
1 delightful, pleasant Wint. in. i. 1 The climate's d.,
Mac. I. vi. 10, 0th. i. iii. 360, Ant. it. vii. 115
delicate Lethe.
2 graceful, dainty, elegant Tp. i. ii. 438 d. Ariel,
II. ii. 97, Tim. iv. iii. 387, 0th. n. iii. 20d. creature.
3 voluptuous Ado I. i. 313 soft and delicate desires.
4 tender, not robust Ham. iv. iv. 48arf. and fender
prince, 0th. i. ii. 74 herd, youth, ii. i. 236.
5 exquisite in nature, beauty, &c., Tp. i. ii. 272 a
spirit too d. To act her earthly . . . commands.
6 skilful, ingenious Lr. iv. vi. 189 a d. slrataijem,
0th. IV. i. 197 So d. with her ncidlc !, Cym. v. v.
47 ; skilfully or finely wrought All'sW. iv. v. Ill
(/. fine hats. Ham. v. ii. 160 most d. carriages.
delig'ht: charm, delightful ness LLL. v. ii. 905,
Rom. I. iii. 82, Ven. 78, Sonn. xci. 11, cii.l2 47(<:c/,v
griiirn common lose their dear d. ^ The senses
' i>Ieasure ' and ' source of pleasure ' are the
usual ; o/(/. =delightful, e.g. Sonn. xcviii. 11.
delig'hted (.from the noun delight) : endowed with
or alfording delight, delightful Meas. in. i. 119,
Otii. I. iii. 291 d. beauty. Cym. v. iv. 102 to make
my gift, The more delay'd, delighted.
deliver (3 weakening of the legal use 'hand over")
1 to bring forth (offspring), lit. and fig., chiefly
passive Err. v. i. 405, LLL. iv. ii. 72, 0th. i. iii.
378, Per. v. i. 107.
2 to send AU'sW. i. i. 1, in. vii. 33.
3 to present, exhibit Tw.N. i. ii. 40, Cor. v. iii. 39
The sorrow that d-s tis thus chang'd, v. v. [vi.] 141.
4 to declare, communicate, report, relate (very
freq.) Err. n. ii. 168, Wint. v. ii. 4 d. the manner
how he found it, 1H4 v. ii. 26, H8 I. ii. 143, Cses.
III. i. 181, Mac. I. V. 11, Ham. i. ii. 193.
5 intr. to speak, discourse R2 in. iii. 34, Cor. i. i. 98.
deliverance (sense ' release ' is used 5 times)
1 bringing forth of offspring Cym. v. v. 371.
2 utterance, enunciation, delivery All'sW. n. i. ^5
In this my light d., li. v. 4, 3H6 ii. i. 97 at each
word's dtliv ranee.
delivery: statement, account Wint. v. ii. 10.
Delphos: Delphi, the oracle of Apollo Wint. n.
i. 182.
demand sb. and vb. are often used simply =
question, without any idea of authoritative or
peremptory asking.
dem.ean : refl. to behave oneself Err. iv. iii. 83, v. i.
88 he d-'d himself rough, 2H6 1. i. 189, 3H6 i. iv. 7.
demerit (1 the orig. sense in English)
1 pi. merits, deserts Cor. i. i. 278, 0th. l. ii. 22.
2 pi. offences, sins Mac. iv. iii. 2'lbXotfor their own
d-s, but for mine. Fill slaughter on their souls.
demesne (oldedd. demeam)
1 pi. lands, estates Rom. in. v. 182 Of fair d-s.
2 pi. regions, domains Rom. ii. i. 20, Cym. in. iii. 70.
demi- in comb.: = half (often contemptuous) dcmi-
deril Tp. v. i. 272, Otli. v. ii. 300, dtmi-i/od Meas.
I. ii. 129, LLL. iv. iii. 79, Mer.V. ni. ii.116, dimi-
natitr'd Ham. iv. vii. 87, dcmi-paradisc R2 n. i. 42,
dcmi-iiupiKt'Yp. V. i. 36, deiiii-ii(jlf'M:\r. iii. i. 94;
demi- Atlas [see Atlas], one tliat holds up half
the world Ant. i. v. 23 ; demi-cannon, large
gun of about 6} inches bore Slir. iv. iii. 88.
demise: to convey, transmit R3 iv. iv. 248.
demon (old edd. Damon)
1 attendant or ministering spirit Ant. ii. iii. 19
Thy demon— that's thy spirit which keeps thee.
2 evil spirit, devil H5 II. ii. 121.
de'monstrable : evident, apparent Oth. in. iv. 141,
DEMONSTRATE —
56
-DESERVING
demonstrate (stressed de'iiiotisirutc,deiiio'nsiraie)
1 to oxliibit, set t'oitli, manifest, show AYL. iii. ii.
405, H5 IV. ii. 54, H:ini. i. i. 124, Otli. i. i. 61.
2 to prove All'sW. i. ii. 47, Oth. in. iii. 432.
deniiire adj.: grave, sober H8 i. ii. 167, Liicr. 1219.
demure vb.: {?) to look demurely Ant. iv. xiii.
[XV. I 29.
deinvxrely: gravely Mer.V. ii. ii. 207; With sub-
tlueil sounl Ant. iv. ix. 31.
denay sb. : denial Tw.N. ii. iv. 126.
denay vb. : old form of deny, 2H6 i. iii. 107.
denier : French coin, the twelfth of a son ; used
as the type of a very small sum Slir. Ind. i. 9,
1H4 in. iii. 90, K3 i. ii. 253 My dukedom to a hcy-
(jinli) denier.
denote (not pre-S.) is used in the ordinary mod.
senses.
denotement: indication, token Oth. ii. iii. 325
I »,) , ; see devotement), hi. iii. 123 (Qi ; others
'Ii ifi/ioiis, d/l(dwns).
denoxmce: to proclaim, declare John in. i. 319 (/. «
curse, III. iv. 159 denouncing vengeance, Ant. in.
vii. 5 [war] ihnotDic'd atjainst us.
denunciation: fcjrmal declaration Meas. i. ii. 158.
deny (see also pen-av)
1 to refuse to do something Slir. ii. i. 180 // she
dcn/j to wed.
2 to refuse permission to, not to allow R2 ii. iii.
12Q I am denied to sue mij livery here, Tit. ii. iii. 174.
3 to refuse to accept R2 ii. i. 205 If yon . . . deny
Ills offer d homnr/e.
4 to refuse admittance to 1H4 ii. iv. 552 If you will
dinif the slteriff, so.
depart sb.: departure Gent. v. iv. 97, 2H6 i. i. 2,
3Ht> IV. i. 92 : death 3H6 n. i. 110.
depart vb. (2 this sense is now only used in 'de-
part this life ')
1 to take leave of one another Tim. i. i. 263 Ere ice
depart, Cym. i. i. 108 The loath iicss to depart.
2 to go away from, leave, quit 2H4 iv. v. 89, 3H6
II. ii. 73 depart the field, Lr. in. v. 1, Sonn. xi. 2.
3 d. with{al), part with, give up LLL. n. i. 146,
John II. i. 563 Hath loillinffly d-ed icitli n part.
departing^ : separation 3H6 ii. vi. 43 li/e and
d(<i/h's depart nif/.
depend (' rest or hang upon ', and ' rely vpon ' arc
the commonest senses)
1 to lean Cym. ii. iv. 91 Cupids . . . D-iny on their
brands.
2 to be in a position of dependence Meas. in. ii. 28,
Troil. in. i. 4, Lr. i. iv. 273.
3 to impend, be imminent Troil. ii. iii. 21 the curse
d-ing (Ff dependant) on those, Rom. in. i. 125,
Lucr. 1615.
4 to remain in suspense Cym. iv. iii. 23.
dependancy, -ency: dependence Meas. v. i. 62,
Ant. v. ii. 26, Cym. ii. iii. 123.
dependant: impending Troil. ii. iii. 21 (Q dc-
p.Hdnnj).
deplore : to tell with grief Tw.N. in. i. 176.
deploring: tearful, doleful Gent. iii. ii. 85.
depose (the loll, are the rarer uses)
1 to deprive a person of (something) R2 iv. i. 192
1 0(1 may my glories and my state depose. [ii. 26.
2 to give evidence upon oath Meas. v. i. 192, 3H6i.
3 to examine on oath R2 i. iii. 30 Depose him in the
just III of Ills cause.
depositary (not pie-S.) : one with whom anything
is loil^'id in trust Lr. ii. iv. 2.54.
depravation (nnre) : defamation, detraction Troil.
v. ii. 129 siabliiirn critics, apt . . . For d.
deprave: to vilily, detract Tim. i. ii. 147; intr.
Ado v. i. 95 deprave and slander.
depress'd: brought down, luuublcd i;2 in. iv. 68.
deprive: to take away (a possession) Ham. i. iv.
73 d. your sotueigiit'y of reason, Lucr. 1186 to d.
dishrniour'd life, 1752.
deputation : appointment to act on behalf of an-
other, office of deputy Meas. i. i. 20, 1H4 iv. i.
32, IV. iii. 87 in f?.(= as deputies, as vice-regents),
Troil. I. iii. 152, Ant. in. xi. [xiii.] 74 (Ff dispu-
tation).
depute : to appoint Oth. iv. i. 249, iv. ii. 226.
deputed svcorrf : sword delivered as an emblem of
ottice or dignity ]\leas. ii. ii. 60.
deputy: Lord Lieutenant (of Irelan 1) H8 in. ii.
261 ; d. of till Hard, member of the Common Coun-
cil of London, who acts instead of an alderman
in his ab.sence 1H4 in. iii. 129, 2H4 ii. iv. 91.
deracinate: to uproot H5 v. ii. 47, Troil. i. iii. 99.
derision: 4syll. at end of line MND. in. ii. 197, 370.
derive: the sense 'gain, obtain' is the most freq.,
of which somewhat exceptional uses are in 2H4
I. i. 23 How is this derived I = (' Whence does thy
information come ? ', Lr. i. ii. 90)
1 ret1. to pass by descent, be descended or inherited
Ado IV. i. 137 This shame d-s itself from unlinown
loins, 2H4 IV. v. 42 this imperial crown. Which
. . . berives itself to me.
2 to draw upon, direct to (a person) All'sW. v. iii.
268 woiild d. me ill will, H8 ii. iv. 30 Tliat had to
him deriv'd your anger.
3 refl. to originate out o/Tw.N. in. iv. 272.
4 to trace the origin of, show how (it) comes about
Troil. II. iii. 06. [322.
deriv'd : descended (freq.) MND. i. i. 99, Caes. ii. i.
dern: dark, wild, drear Lr. in. vii. 63 that dcrn
time (Fi sterne), Per. in. Gower 15.
derogate vb.: to act in a way derogatory to one's
position Cym. ii. i. 50; in line 59 (rjuibblingly)
(let;enerate.
derog"at3 pple. : debased Lr. i. iv. 304 her d. body.
derogately (S.) : disparagingly Ant. n. ii. 38.
derogation : disparagement Cym. ii. i. 49.
descant sb.: melody sung extempore upon a plain-
song, ground, or bass, to which it forms the
air Gent. l. ii. 91 you . . . mar the concord tvith too
harsh a d.; (hence) fig. comment R3 in. vii. 48 on
that ground I'll make a holy descant.
descaiit vb.: to sing a descant or air, (hence) to
' sing with a small, yet pleasant and shri 11 voice as
birds doe ' (Minsheu), warble Lucr. 1134; (hence)
toconnnent R3 i. i. 27 d. on mine own deformity,
Pilgr. xiv. 4 [184].
descend : to come down from 3H6 i. i. 74 d. my
throne, Compl. 31 \_hair] iintiick'd, descended her
sheav'd liat.
descending: descent, lineage Per. v. i. 130 (Qqi2 3
disci ml ing, Qqjse discent, Yin descent).
descension: descent2H4ii. ii. 193(Q ; Fideclcnsion).
descent (the foil, are rare S. uses)
1 that to which one descends, lowest part Lr. v.
iii. 139 To the d. and dust helow thy foot.
2 transmission by inheritance R2 ii. iii. 136 my in-
heritance of free d.; step in descent AH'sAV. in.
vii. 24 From son to son, some four or five descents.
description : the idiomatic use in of this descrip-
tion (Mer.V. in. ii. 302) is not pre-S.
descry sb.: siglit of a distant object Lr. iv. vi. 218.
descry vb. : to reconnoitre R3 v. iii. 9, Lr. iv. v. 13.
desert: without d., undeservedly, without cause
(ient. n. iv. 58, Err. in. i. 112, R3 ii. i. 67.
deserved: deserving, meritorious (S.) All'sW. ii.
i. I'i2, Cor. in. i. 290. ^ Cf. Latin 'meritus'.
deserving (the two uses are equally freq.).
1 that which one deserves, desert, due reward
Meas. V. i. 47S [death] 'Tis my d., Lr. v. iii. 306,
yonn, Ixxxvii. 6.
DESIGN -
57
- DIALOGUE
2 that for wliicli one deserves well, iiiei-it All'sW.
I. iii. 7, 2H4 iv. iii. 48 more of his courtesy than
your d., Lr. in. iii. 24 This seems a fair d.
desig'nsb.: the sense of 'plan, scheme' is weakened
to that of 'purpose, aim, intention'; whence
'thing in view, project, enterprise' LLL. iv. i.
89, Wint. IV. iii. L'V.J 615 not prepnr'd For this d.,
R2 r. ». 81, Troll, ii. ii. 194, Mac. ii. i. 55 mnnUr
. . . toward his d. Mot(S lilce a yhost, Ant. v. i. 4:i.
design vb. : to point out, indicate K2 i. i. lO:!
(• appoint which of the two combatants shall be
victorious '), Hani. i. i. 94 ('meaning borne by
the article drawn up ').
designment : enterprise, undertaking Cor. v. v.
[vi.] 35, Otli. 11. i. 2'1 their desiiiiinunt h(dls.
desire (1 S. atfords late exx. of this construction)
1 to request the boon or favour o/ something tioiu
(a person) MND. iil. i. 189, 197 (tjq »/ou of, Ff <-/
you), Mer.V. iv. i. 403 <?. your O'riice of parduu,
AYL. v. iv. 50 ; with o/droppod MND. in. i. 2U4
/ desire you more acquuintunce (so Qq Ffia ; Ft'sj
your more).
2 to invite LLL. v. ii. 145 ;/ they d. us to 7, H5 iv.
i. 27 IK them idl to my parilion, Troil. iv. v. 149.
desired: sought after, beloved 0th. ii. i. 207.
despair: to be without hope of Mac. v. vii. 42
[viii. 13] Despair thy charm.
desperate (rare use) : rcckle.ss, utterly careless of
Tw.N. V. i. 08 disiunete of shame and state.
desperately: in despair, without hope, hopelessly
Mcas. IV. ii. 151 </. nwrlal* ('likely to die in a
desperate state,' J.), Lr. v. iii. 294 Audd. are dead.
desperation: nf d., involving thoughts of self-
destruction Tp. I. ii. 210, Ham. i. iv. 75.
despised: despicable(cf. abhorreh) Rom.iii. ii. 77,
Tim. IV. iii. 408, Ven. 135, Sonn. xxxvii. 9. T| In
Ham. in. i. 72 stressed de'spis'd (Ft' dispris'd).
despite sb. (3 the jircpositional use is not pre-S.)
1 contempt, scorn, disdain Ado i. i. 245 an obstinate
heretic in the elesjiitr af beauty, 0th. IV. ii. 110.
2 malice, ill-will : in c/., out of ill-will, spitefully
H5 111. v. 17, 0th. IV. iii. 94 scant our former
haoiiiy in eUspite.
3 iiid., in defiance of another's wish MND. v. i.
112, Shr. Ind. i. 1-28 An onion . . . Shall in d. en-
force ei watery eye, Rom. v. iii. 48, Lucr. o5 ; esj).
in d. of, in (a person's) el., notwithstanding the
opposition of Wiv. v. v. 135, 3HG i. i. 158, Cym.
IV. i. 10 ; Err. in. i. 108* Mi d. of mirth (Theobald
ivreitlrf), mean to be merry ; hence d. (of) Meas. i.
ii. 20 d. of all controversy. Ado v. i. 75 D. Iiis nice
fenre (the word here becoming a preposition).
despite vb. : to vex Ado ii. iii. 31.
despiteful: malicious, spiteful, cruel AYL. v. ii.
87, AH'sW. in. iv. 13; fig. of things Shr. iv. ii.
Ud. love:, R3iv. i. 30.
Destinies : the three goddesses, the Parcae or
Fates, believed to determine the course of human
life R2 r. ii. 15, Ven. 733.
destitiite: deserted, forsaken Lucr. 441.
detain : to withhold Err. ii. i. 107, H2 r. i. 90, Li-.
I. ii. i'.i I shall offend, either tod. oryiveit, Sonn.
cxxvi. 10.
detect: to expose, lay bare, esp. in wrong-doing
Wiv. 11. ii. 329, Meas. iii. ii. 133, AYL. m. ii. 324,
Hani. in. ii. 94.
detection: exposure, accusation 'Wiv. n. ii. 2()0.
detention: withholding Tim. n. ii. 39 the detention
of... debts.
detierminate vb. : to fix the limits of R2 i. iii. 150.
determinate pple. (1 legal metaphor ; cf. next)
1 ended, expired Sonn. Ixxxvii. 4.
2 decisive H8 ll. iv. 174 a d. resolution, 0th. iv. ii.
232 none [i.e. no accident] can be so d. as . . .
3 intended Tw.N. ir. i. 11 tny d. royaye.
determination (I legal metaphor)
1 cessation, end Sonn. xiii. 6.
2 decision, sentence Meas. in. ii. 205 the d. of
justice, Troil. n. ii. 170 a free d. 'Twixt riijht and
irroiiy.
3 resolution, intention, niindWiv. in. v. 71, Mer.V.
1. ii. 109, 1H4 IV. iii. 33, Ham. in. i. 177.
determine (the sense of 'decide' trans, and intr.
is the usual one)
1 to put an end to 2H4 iv. v. 80 Till his friend sicl;-
ness lieith el-'d me, IHO iv. vi. 9 I'o my el-'d time
thou rjao'st new elate.
•2 to come to an end Cor. TIT. \n. 42 Jlust all d. here?,
V. iii. 120, Ant. in. xi. [xiii.] ICl, iv. iii. 2 It inll
determine one way.
detested: detestable (cf. ADHOi!i;En)Tw.N. v. i. 143,
R2 n. iii. 1(I9, Lr. i. ii. 84, n. iv. 220.
Deucalion: theCreekNoah, Wint. iv. iii. [iv.]444.
deuce-ace : low throw at dice, two and one LLL.
I. ii. 50.
devest : old spelling of dive.st.
device (' contrivance, plan ' is the usual sense)
1 'niannerofthinkii,g,castofniind '(Schmidt) AYL.
I. i. 17G*/«(// e^f noble d.. Yen. 789* your d. in love.
2 design (of an object), sliape, cut John i. i. 210 in
habit and el., Cym. i. vi. 189 plate of rare device.
3 emblematical figure borne as a heraldic charge
or cognizance Per. ii. ii. 15, &c.
4 something devised for dramatic representation
LLL. V. ii. 000, MND. v. i. 50, Tim. i. ii. 157.
5 'cunning' piece of work Compl. '232 this d. was
sent me from a nvtn.
devil, old edd. often diml(l, scanned usually as a
monosyllable (e.g. Mac. i. iii. 107), but occas. as
a disyllabic (e.g. Tp. iv. i. 188) : devil's book (see
BOOK 4) 2H4 n. ii. 51.
devil-porter: to jjlay the 'devil-porter', act the
)ortcr of hell Mac. ii. iii. '20.
devise: to think Cor. l. i. 107 the other inslrummts
Did see vend hear, d., instruct, wallc,feel; to decide
on IHO I. ii. 124* wheit devise you on ?.
devote pple.: addicted Shr. I. i. 32.
devoted : consecrated, holy R3 i. ii. 35 el. charitable
detds.
devotement: devotion, worship 0th. ii. iii. 325
(Qi, Fi dcuotcment, Qs Ff^si devotement; Qielenote-
tiienl).
devotion : (levout purpose or object E3 iv. i. 9*
I'pon the like d. as yourselves.
devour (fig. uses) : el. the way (not pre-S.), to cover
it with great rapidity 2H4 i. 1. 47 ; Tp. v. i. 155
they devour their reeison (= make their reason
iiuiperative).
devour'd: 'consumed,' absorbed Per. iv. iv. 25 in
sorrow all elaour'd.
devout: zealous, 'religious' LLL. v. ii. 790.
dew: first applied to tears by S. (cf. brine) LLL. iv.
iii. 30, R2 v. i. 9, Lucr. 1829 ; other fig. uses are
R3 IV. i. 83 d. 0/ ,s7ff/). Cor. v. v. [vi.] 23 d s of
flattery, Cics. li. i. 220 dew of slumber.
dewberry: (?) gooseberry MND. in. i. 173.
dewlap : applied to a woman's breast MND. n. i. 50
(old edd. elewlop).
dew-lapp'd : having a dewlap or fold of loose skin
hanging from the throat (in cattle) Tp. in. iii. 45,
MND. IV. i. 128.
dexter: right Troil. iv. v. 127 the dexter cheek.
dexteriously: 17tlicent. variant of 'dexterously '
Tw.N. I. V. 05.
dial: clock, or watch AYL. ii. vii. 20, R2 v. v. 53
like a d-'s point, Rom. n. iv. 122, Lucr. 327; so
dial-hand Sonn. civ. 9.
dialoglie vb. (not found before S.)
DIAMETER -
58
-DIMENSION
1 to liold a cmversation Tim. n. ii. 51.
2 to express in dialogue form Compl. 132.
diaiueter : extent from side to side Ham. iv. i. 41
o'er the norhl's diaiueter.
Dian's bud*: the plant Artemisia (= tlie licrb of
Artemis or Diana, tlie moon-goddess), or tlic
Agnus castus (the Chaste Tree), to which very
similar virtues are ascribed by ancient herbalists
MXD. IV. i. 79.
diapason: a bass sounding in exact concord, i.e.
in octaves, with the air Lucr. Ii:i2 And inth deep
ijyoiins tlie diapaxon henr.
diaper : towel, napkin Sin*. Tnd. i. 67.
dibtole : instrument for making liolesin tlie ground
for seeds or young plants Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 100.
dich : orig. contraction of ' do it ' in ' much good do
it you ' ; hence in similar phrases Tim. i. ii. 74
jViicli (innil diili thy fjnod henrt.
Dick: used like ' Jack' = fellow, lad LLL. v. ii. 465
sonic Ih'ck, That smiles liis cheek in years.
dickens (not recorded before S.) : Wiv. in. ii. 20.
dictator: chief magistrate with absolute power,
elected in ancient Rome in times of emergency
Cor. II. ii. 94 our then dictator.
diction : expression or description in words Ham.
v. ii. 124 to make true d. of him (cuphuistic).
Dictynna: a title of Diana LLL. iv. ii. 37.
Dido: 'queen of Carthago' (Shr. i. i. 158), in love
with A'lieas Tp. ii. i. 80, Rom. ii. iv. 44, Ham. ii.
ii. 477 [4(i8j.
diesb., pi. dice: used with fiuibble on the verb
' die ' MND. v. i. 314, Tim. v. iv. 84 ; fig. = chance,
luck R3 V. iv. 10 I have set my life iij'on a cast,
.4»fZ / will stand the hazard of the die.
die vb. : plir. to die the death, to be put to death,
suffer the penalty of capital punishment MND.
I. i. G5, Cym. iv. ii. 96 ; S. is earliest for die (with
lauyhiwj) Shr. in. ii. 244, Troil. i. iii. 176 at this
sport Sir Valour dies.
diet sb. (1 the orig. sense etymologically, but 'daily
food ' is the earliest sense in English)
1 course of life R3 l. i. 139 an evil diet.
2 prescribed course of food, regimen Tim. iv. iii. 87
the tab-fast and the d.; phr. take or keep d. Gent.
II. i. 26, Meas. ii. i. 120.
3 food, fare, victuals, board Tw.N. in. iii. 40 I will
bespeak curd., 1H4 in. iii. 84 Yon owe money . . .
for your d. and by-drinkini/s, Ham. I. i. 99*, 0th.
in. iii. 15 nice and naierish diet.
diet vb. (2 exact meaning not always clear)
1 to feed (lit. and fig.) 1H6 i. ii. 10 d~ed like mules,
Cor. I. ix. 52, Otli. ii. i. 306 to d. my revenge, Cym.
III. iv. 183 all the comfort The gods will d. me with.
2 to prescribe a diet for, as a regimen of health
(lit. and fig.) Err. v. i. 99 be his nurse, D. his sick-
ness, 2H4 IV. i. 64 Tod. rankmindssickof happiness,
Compl. 261 disciplin'd, ay, d-ed in grace ; (hence)
to restrict, cause to conform or be tied to All'sW.
IV. iii. 35% V. iii. 223*, Cor. v. i. 58 d-ed to my
request.
dieter: regulator of diet Cym. iv. ii. 51.
difference (the ordinary sense is freq.; in Sonn.
cv. 8 apji. a ref. to the use in logic = differentia,
tlie attribute by which a species is distinguished
from all other species of the same genus)
1 diversity of opinion, disagreement, dispute
Mer.V. IV. i. 171 ; at d., at variance, in disagree-
mentCor. v. iii. 201 : Vexed . . . nith passionsofsome
difference ( = conflicting emotions) Cses. I. ii. 40.
2 characteristic or distinguishing feature Ham. v.
ii. 113/)(// of most e.rrelUnt diffi leiirrs.
3 (herahlic term) alteration or 'a(l<lition to a coatof
arms, to distinguish a ycjiingcr or lateral braiicii
Ufa family ; fii;. Ado l.'i. 7U, Ham. iv. V. 182 '.
4 Make difference, discriminate AViv. ii. i. 57.
differency (not pre-S.): difference Cor. v. iv. 12.
difficult (once in S.): 0th. in. iii. 8'2 full of poise
and difficult weight ( = weighty and difficult to be
estimated).
diffidence: distrust, suspicion John i. i. 65, 1H6
in. iii. 10, Lr. i. ii. 166. % The sense 'distrust
of oneself ' is post-S.
diffuse (2 peculiar to S., but cf. next)
1 to pour, shed Tp. iv. i. 79 T)-st honey-drops.
2 to confuse, render indistinguishable Lr. i. iv. 2
If . . . I other accents borrow. That can my speech d.
(old odd. elffiise).
diffused: confused, disorderly Wiv. iv. Iv. 56
some d. song, H5 v. ii, 61 diffused attire (old edd.
defus'd), R3 I. ii. ISdiffus'd infection of a man (old
edd. defus'd).
digest (old edd. often disgest ; 1 the oldest sense of
the Word)
1 to arrange R3 in. i. 200 d. our complots in some
form, Troil. Prol. 29, Ham. ii. ii. 469 [460] an ex-
cellent play, well d-ed in the scenes. Ant. ll. ii. 182.
2 fig. of the physical sense of digesting food : (i) to
put up with, swallow, stomach LLL. v. ii. 290 rf.
this harsh indignity, Mer.V. in. v. 96; (ii) to
assimilate, amalgamate All'sW. v. iii. 74 ni irhom
my house's name Must be d-ed, Lr. I. i. 130 With
my two daughters' dowers d. the third ; (iii) to get
rid of, dispose of H5 li. Chor. 31 well d. The abuse
of distance ; to disperse, dissipate lH6iv. i. 167
el. Your angry choler on your enemies ; (iv) to com-
prehend, understand Cor. i. i. 156, in. i. 130.
digestion: Troil. ii. iii. 44 my cheese, my d.\ cf.
.lonson's Epigrams ci, ' Digestiue cheese, and
fruit there sure will bee.'
digress (both senses are Eliz.)
1 to depart, deviate Shr. in. ii. 110, Rom. in. iii.
126 iJ-ing from the raloiir of u man.
2 to transgress, offend R2 v. iii. 06 This deadly blot
in thy d-ing son. Tit. v. iii. 116 I do d. too much.
Citing my worthless praise.
digression: moral going astray, transgression
LLL. I. ii. 122, Lucr. 202 my d. is so vile. TJ Once
also in the sense ' deviation from the subject or
purpose ' 2H4 iv. i. 140.
dig-you-den : see God and good even.
dilate: to relate at length Err. i. i. 122 d. ed full
What hath befall'n, Otli. I. iii. 153 edl my pilgrim-
age dilate.
dilated (in Ham. i. ii. 38 Fi perhaps a spelling of
DELATED, pei'liaps = seusc 2)
1 spread far and wide Troil. ii. iii. 264 Which, like., ,
a shore, confines Thy spacious and dilated parts.
2 extended, expressed at length All'sW. ii. i. 69
take a more dilated farewell.
dild: see God 'ild.
dildo: word of obscure origin used in the I'efrains
of ballads Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 195 burthens of d-s
and fadings.
diligence (2 is mainly contextual)
1 assiduity, esp. in seiTice 1H6 v. iii. 9 your
accustow'd d. to me, Ham. v. ii. 95 (dl d. of spirit,
Cym. IV. iii. 20.
2 speed, dispatch Tp. i. ii. 304 hetice with d., Lr. i.
V. 4 If your d. be not speedy ; (quasi-personified)
Tp. \. i. 241 Bravely, my diligence.
diligent :
1 attentive, heedful Tp. in, i. 42 diligent car.
2 assiduous, esp. in service Slir. iv. iii. 39, Lr. v. i.
53 d. discovery, Cym. in. v. 121, v. v. 86.
dim: not bright, dull, lustreless Wint. iv. iii. fiv.l
120 violets dim, John in. iv. 85, Lucr. 403 death's
dim look.
dimension: bodily fianic; jd. bodily parts or
DIMINISH —
59
- DISCOVER
proportions Mer.V. iii. i. 64, Tw.N. i. v. 282 in d.
iind (lie shape of nature, Lr. I. ii. 7 mij d-s me us
irell covipiid.
ditainish: to impair Tp. iii. iii. 64, Ven. 417 If
sprimjinfi thint/s he iini/jol diiiihush'd.
diminutive : very small thing Troil. v. i. 38 d-s of
nature, Ant. iv. x. 50 [xii. 37] poor'st d-s.
dint: force Civs. iii. ii. 199 yon fed The d. ofpi/fj.
dire (not pre-Eliz.) : dreadful, dismal, liorrible Mac.
II. iii. 64 prophesying with accents terrible Of dire
combustion.
direct: to address (words) 1H6 v. iii. 178. ^ S. is
tlie earliest authority for tlie .senses 'address (a
letter)', 'inform (a person) as to whereabouts'
and 'appoint, order'.
direction : capacity for directing R3 v. iii. 16.
directitude (a humorous blundered form) : Cor.
IV. V. 223.
directive: subject to direction (R.) Troil. i. iii. 356.
directly (tlie sense 'at once', Ham. in. ii. 221 is
not pre-.S.)
1 straight John iii. iv. 129, C'aes. iv. i. 32 to run d.
on, 0th. Tii. iii. 408 lead d. to the door of truth.
2 without medium, immediately Mer.V. iv. i. 360,
Wint. iir. ii. 195, Otii. ii. iii. 359 To counsel Cassio
. . . Directly to his good.
3 straightforwardly Otii. iv. ii. 212, Cym. iir. v. 113.
4 without ambiguity, plainly, pointedly 1H4 ii. iii.
91 (inswer me I), unto this quistion, H5 v. ii. 130,
Cor. IV. V. 197, 0th. u. i. 2:22 d. in love with him,
Cym. I. iv. 177.
5 exactly, precisely, just Tw.N. iii. iv. 74, Coes. i.
ii. 3, Ham. lli. iv. 210 When in one line tiro crafts
directly meet.
direness : horror Mac. v. v. 14.
dirg'e : funeral song, song of mourning Rom. iv. v.
88, Ham. i. ii. 12, Lucr. 1612.
dirty: as an epitliet of disgust or aversion (not
l)re-S.) Cym. iii. vi. 55 those Who u>orsliip d. gods.
Dis: god of the infernal regions Tp. iv. i. 89.
disallow : to disapprove of John i. i. 16.
disanimate : to discourage 1H6 in. i. 182.
disappointed : unprepared (cf. appoint 2) Ham.
I. V. 77 i'lihoHseVd, disappointed, unantVd.
disaster sb. (etymol. sense, rare) : unfavourable
aspect of a star Ham. l. i. 118 D-s in the sun ;
(hence) ill-luck Mac. iii. 1. 112 Ho ueary icith d-s,
ingi/'d ivith fortune.
disaster vb.: to ruin Ant. n. vii. 18 the holes nhire
eyes should be, which pitifully disaster the chains.
disiiench : to cause (a person) to leave his seat (S.)
Cur. II. ii. 76 / hope My irords d-d you not,
disbranch : fig. to sever Lr. iv. ii. 34.
discandy (S.) : to dissolve or melt out of a solid
condition Ant. iii. xi. [xiii.] 165, iv. x. 35[xii. 22].
disease : to undress Tp. v. i. 85 / will d. me ; to un-
mask Wint. IV. iii. [iv.] 651. TfCf. case sb.^ 1
(i) and 1 (v).
discemer : person of judgement, critic H8 1. i. 32.
discernings: intellectual fiiculties Lr. i. iv. 250
his discernings Are lethargied.
discharg'esb.: occurs? times in S., who is the ear-
liest authority for the senses 'lotting off a fire-
arm'(1H4 I. i. 57), 'emission' (A YL. ii.i. 37, Troil.
IV. iv. 41), 'payment' (Cym. v. iv. 173), 'per-
formance, execution' (Tp. ii. i. 262).
discharg'e vb. ('dismiss, disband' and 4 are tlie
most freq. meanings)
1 to unburden, disburden, deliver, free Ado v. i.
.335, 2H4 II. iv. 145, Rom. v. i. 63 d-'d of breath.
2 fig. of letting off cannon H8 i. ii. 206 d. a horrible
oath, Lucr. 1605 d. one word of woe.
:t to pay, settle with (a creditor) Err. iv. i. 32,
Mei.V. III. ii. 274, Tim. ll. ii. 12.
4 to perforin MND. i. ii. 96, iv. ii. 8, Cor. in. ii. 106.
discipline sb. (tlie earliest sense in English,
'chastisement, correction,' is not S.)
1 instruction, teaching Gent. iii. ii. 88, Shr. i. i. 30
//(('.<• moral d., Troil. ii. iii. 33 heaven bless thee from,
a tutor, and discipline come not near thee.
2 training in military affairs, military experience
John II. i. 39 our chieftst men of d., H5 in. ii. 65.
discipline vb. (2 tliis sense was orig. applied to
the penitential use of the scourge)
1 to instruct, train Troil. ii. iii. 258 he that d-d thy
arms to fight, Compl. 261 d-'d, ay, dieted in gravt.
2 tocliasti.se, 'punish' Cor. ii. i. 141.
disclaim (not in pre-Eliz. use)
1 to renounce or disavow all share in Lr. ii. ii, 58.
2 to repudiate connexion with, disown John i. i.
241 1 have d-'d Sir Robert, R2 I. i. 70 JJ-iiig here
the kindred of the king, Lr. I. i. 115.
disclaiming' : disavowal Ham. v. ii. 255.
disclose vb. (the sense 'reveal ' is the common one)
1 to unfold Ham. i. iii. 40 before their buttons be
d-'d, Sonn. liv. 8 their masked buds discloses.
2 pass, to be hatched Ham. v. i. 309 (see couplet).
disclose sb.: incubation (fig.) Ham. in. i. 175.
discolour: to bring a blush to 2H4 ii. ii. 5 it d-s
the complexion of my greatness to acknowledge it.
discolour'd : paie Lucr. 708 lean d. cheek.
discomfit: discouragement 2H6 v. ii. 86.
discomfited : discouraged Shr. ii. i. 164 be not so d,
discomfiture: defeat, rout 1H6 i. i. 59.
discomfort sb. (sense 'uneasiness' is late)
1 disconirtgement R2 in. ii. 65, Mac. i. ii. 28.
TJ ' Discourage' and its compounds are not S.
2 sorrow 2H4 j. ii. 119, Mac. iv. ii. 29% Ant. iv. ii.
34 What mean you, sir. To give them tliis d. ?.
discomfort vb. (thrice in S. ; cf. the senses of piec.)
1 to discourage Troil. v. x. 10, Cses. V. iii. 106.
2 to grieve Ham. in. ii. 178.
discontent: a malcontent (not pre-S.) 1H4 v. i. 76.
discontented : full of discontent Otb. v. ii. 313.
discontenting': dis-atisfiedAVint. iv. iii. [iv. 1545.
discontintie : to cease to frequent Ado v. i. 197 /
must d. your company, Mer.V. ill. iv. 75 / have
discoitliiin'd school.
discordant : disagreeing 2H4 Ind. 19.
discourse sb. (</. of reason dates from the 15th c.)
1 reasoning, thouglit, reflection Meas. I. ii. 196
reason and d., Tw.N. iv. iii. 12, Troil. v. ii. 139,
Ham. IV. iv. 36 with such large d., Looking before
and after; d. of reason, process or faculty of
reasoning Troil. ii. ii. 116, Hani. I. ii. 150 ; tf. d.
of thought 0th. IV. ii. 15:3.
2 talk, conversation Gent. ii. iv. 110, H5 i. i. 43 d.
oi'ivar, R3 v. iii. 100 ample interchange of siveel </.,
6th. I. iii. 150.
3 faculty of convei'sing, conversational power Err.
in. i. 109 u wench of excellent d., Troil. i. ii. 274.
4 familiar intercourse Ham. in. i. 108.
discourse vb. (5 now only as a reminiscence of the
S. passage)
1 to hold discourse, talk, converse MND. v. i. 153
Ut [them] Al large d., Ctes. iii. i. 295 d of tlie
stale of tilings.
2 to pass (the time) in talk Cym. iii. iii. 38.
3 to tell, narrate Err. v. i. 398, R2 v. vi. 10, Tit. v.
iii. 81 ; absol. IHOi. iv. 26.
4 to utter, say 0th. ir. iii. 284 and d. fustian with
one's own shadoir.
5 to give forth (musical sound) Ham. in. ii. 381.
discourser : narrator H8 i. i. 41 a good d.
discover (2 is the most freq. S. sense ; the sense
' find out' is not common)
1 (o uncover, expose to view Mer.V. it. vii. 1 d.
The several caskets, Tw.N. ii. v. 175, R3 iv. iv. 241.
DISCOVERER
2 todiviilgc, reveal, disclose (at)iing), make known,
Gent. II. i. 175 lliat iiiK/ht lift- mind d., Wiv. ii. ii.
194, Ado V. i. 244, IHG ii. v. 59, v. iv. CO, CaBS.
III. i. 17 oitr piiy]>()<if is d-fd ; (hence) to sliow,
exhibit Gent. iii. ii. 77, Wint. in. i. 20, Ca;s. i.
ii. C9.
3 to spy out, reconnoitre Eir. i. i. 91 we d-ed Two
ships, R2 II. iii. 33, Ant. iv. x. 8 Wlier,: their ap-
point inent we umy best d.; absol. Tim. v. ii. 1.
4 to reveal the identity of, betray (a person) Lr.
II. i. 68 / threaten d to discoier linn.
6 to distinguish, discern Meas. iv. ii. 1S4, Cur. ii.
i. 47, 0*8. II. i. 75 d. thchi llij nnij hunk of/ntunr.
discoverer: scout, spy, explorer 2H4 iv. i. 3.
discovery (obs. or arch, uses are the loll.; the word
does not appear before mid-lGth cent.)
1 revelation, disclosure (of a secret) Wint.l. ii.441,
H5 II. ii. 162 the el. of . . . treason, Ham. ii. ii. 312.
2 exploration, reconnoitring Tp. ii. i. 251, Mac. v.
iv. 7 make d. Err in report of us, Lr. v. i. 53.
3 bringing to view, showing Tim. v. i. 39 n d. of
the infinite flatteries . . .; means of discovering
Yen. S28 the fair d. of her waij (discorererf).
discretion : lise tlnj d.', do your d., act as you think
fit AYL. I. i. 154, Utli. in. iii. 34.
discuss: to declare, tell Wiv. i. iii. 102, iv. v. 2,
H5 III. ii. 67, IV. i. 37, iv. iv. 5 Wliat is thy name ?
discuss, 30 Discuss the same in Frencli unto him.
disdain: indignation, vexation Troil. i. ii. 35'.
disdain'd: disdainful (S.) 1H4 i. iii. 183.
diseases!).: trouble, grievance, vexation AYL. v.
iv. 68, 1H6 II. V. 44, Tim. in. i. 57, Lr. I. i. 177 To
shiild thee from el-s of the world (¥( disasters).
disease vb.: to trouble, disturb Cor. i. iii. 117, Mac.
V. iii. 21 (Ff 23 4 ; see disseat).
disedg'e : to satisfy the appetite of Cym. in. iv. 96.
tlisf\irnish : to deprive Gent. iv. i. 14, Tim. in. ii.
49 to d. myself, Per. iv. vi. 12 she'll d. ^ls of all our
cai-aliers.
disgest, -gestion : old forms of digest, digestion.
disg'race: disfigurement LLL. i. i. 3 m the d. of
diath, Sonn. xxxiii. 8 [the si(«] Stealing unseen to
irest with this disgrace.
disgrac'd: disgraceful Wint. i. ii. 188.
disgrraceful (not pre-S. in any sense): devoid of
grace, unbecominglH6i.i.86?Acsc«?. wailing robes.
disg'racious (not pre-S. in any sense) : out of
favour, disliked R3 in. vii. HI, iv. iv. 178.
disguise: drunkenness, intoxication Ant. ii. vii.
131 the wild d. halh edmost Antick'd us all. ^ Cf.
the old use of 'disguised ' = drunk.
dishabited(S.): dislodged John ii. i. 220stones. ..d.
dishclout: used in contemptuous comparison Rom.
III. V. 221 Romeo's a dishclout to him.
dishonest: unchaste AViv. in. iii. 195, T\s'.N. i. v.
45, H5 I. ii. 49.
dishonesty : lewdness Wiv. iv. ii. 144.
dishonourable: used adv. in 1H4 iv. ii. .33.
dishonoiir'd : dishonouring, dishonourable Cor.
in. i. 59 this so d. rub, Lr. I. i. 231 So. . . d. step.
disjoin: intr. to sever oneself Yen. 541.
disjoint vb.: to fall to pieces Mac. in. ii. 16 let the
frame of things disjoint.
disjoint pple.: 'out of joint,' distracted Ham. i.
ii. 20 thinking . . . Oar .stale to be disjoint.
dislike sb. (rare use): disagreement, discord 1H4
V. i. 26, Troil. ii. iii. 239, Lr. i. iv. 350.
dislike vb. (the current trans, use is commonest)
1 to displease Rom. ii. ii. 61 if either thee d. (Qi dis-
please), 0th. II. iii. 50 I'll do 't ; hut it d-s mc.
2 intr. to disapprove o/AU'sW. ii. iii. 130.
disliken (S.): to disguise Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] GC9 d.
The truth.
dislimn: to obliterate the outlines of, efface, blot
60 - DISPENSATION
out Ant. IV. xii. [xiv.] 10 (Ff dislimes). •] In
mod. use only in reminiscences of S.
dismal (obs. uses): ill-boding, sinisterSHG ii. vi.58
Noiv dealh shall slop liis (i.e. the screech-owl's) d.
///fY((/()(/)if/.w!(»id, Yen. 889; disastrous, calami tons
Rom. IV. iii. 19 My d. scene I needs must act alone.
^The orig. application oi the word is to the un-
lucky days (diesmali) of the mediaeval calendar;
the derived senses are none of them pre-Eliz.
disnial-dreaniing' : full of ill-boding dreams
Pilgr. xiv. 2u [l'OO].
dismantle: red. to change one's outward cover-
ing Wint. IV. iii. [iv.] 669 muffle your face; I), you ;
to divest, strip Ham. in. ii. 298 This realm d-d
was Of .line himself; to remove (acovering) Lr. i.
i. 220 dismanlle So many folds of favour.
dismask (not pre-H.) : to unmask LLL. v. ii. 297.
dismay: to be discouraged IHO in. iii. 1 JJ. not,
princes.
disme : tenth man sacrificed Troil. ir. ii. 19.
dismiss : S. is the earliest authority for the senses
' discard, reject ' (Tp. iv. i. 67 the d-ed bachelor),
' put out of the mind, cease to entertain ' (Yen.
425 1). your tows), 'to send out of court, refuse
further liearing to' (Cor. ii. i. 86 d. the controversy).
dismiss'd: forgiven, remitted Meas. ii. ii. 102.
dismission : discliarge from service or office Ant.
I. i. 26 ; rejection Cym. n. iii. 57.
dismoiint (1 and 2 are not pre-S.; sense 2 is a
metaphor from gunnery practice)
1 to unseat, unhorse (fig.) H5 in. vii. 89 your horse
, . . would trot as well were some of your brags d-ed.
2 to lower Compl. 281 his . . . eyes he did d.
3 d. till] tuck, draw thy rapier from its sheath
Tw.\. in. iv. 247.
disnatur'd : unnatural Lr. i. iv. 307.
disorbed : removed from its sphere Troil. ii. ii. 46
Like a star disorb'd. Tj A S. coinage.
disorder sb. (not earlier than the 16th c; the verb
occurs in S. only in the pa. pple.)
1 disorderly act or practice, misdemeanour Tw.N.
II. iii. 107, Lr. i. ii. 127 machinations, hollowness,
treachery, and all ruinous disorders, li. iv. 202.
2 disturbance of mind, discomposure John in. iv.
102 suclt disorder in my wit. Yen. 742.
disorder'd : disorderly, unruly Lr. i. iv. 265, 279.
dispark : to throw open (park land) for common
use R2 in. i. 23 D-'d my parks, and felled my
forest ivoods.
dispatch sb. (2 is the commonest S. sense)
1 dismissal, leave to go, congii LLL. iv. i.5, Cor. v.
iii. 180 give us our el., Lr. ii. 1. 127 the several mes-
sengers From hence attend dispatch.
2 execution, settlement Meas. iv. iv. 14 to hare
n d. of complaints, LLL. II. i. SI craving quick d.,
All'sW. III. ii. 56 after some d. in liand at court,
IV. iii. 104; swift d., prompt execution, (hence)
speed, expedition H5 ii. iv. 6, 0th. i. iii. 46 post-
post-haste dispatch, Soiui. cxliii. 3.
3 conduct, management Mac. i. v. 69 into my d.
4 act of putting away liastily Lr. i. ii. 34.
dispatch vb. (the most freq. meaning in S. is ' to
make haste ')
1 to make away with, kill E2 in. i. 35 ; absol. Jolni
IV. i. 27, R3 I. ii. 182, Lr. n. i. CO ; also to dispatch
a person's life Lr. iv. v. 12.
2 to dcjirive of Ham. i. v. 75 Of life, of crown, of
([■uecn, at once ilispatch'd.
3 to settle, conclude (a business), execute prompt-
ly ; absol. AViv. v. v. 196 have you d-ed ?, Ant. v.
ii. 229; to settle or liave done uith Meas. in. i.
280 d. with Angclo, Ant. in. ii. 2 They have d-'d
irilh I'ompcy.
dispensation (2 cf. dispense 4)
DISPENSE -
61
— DISTASTEFUL.
1 licence granted by ecclesiastical aiitliority to do
wliat is forbidden or omit wliat is enjoined by
ecclesiastical law or by any solemn obligation
LLL. II. i. 87 sale a d. for /us outli, IHO v. iii. 80
II dispensation niriij he liiid.
2 MKkfsd. iii/li, sets aside Lncr.248(cf.nextword3).
dispense: always in tlio constr. disjiense irilli =
(1) to make an ariangenient witli, tor an oflence
2H6 V. i. 181 Canst iliou d. iritli licaren for such
an oath ? ; (2) to give exemption or relief from
LLL. I. i. 140 (if. witli this decree, IHG v. v. 28 d.
nitli that contract ; (3) to set aside, disregard
AViv. II. i. 47 d. with trifles; (4) to forgo, do witli-
out Meas. in. i. 152 d. witli yoitr leisure, Tim. in.
ii. 94 learn now with pity to d.\ (5) to condone by
dispensation, pardon Meas. iir. i. 133 i\'(i/((iv> d-s
with the dud, Y.kX- "• i. lOo, Liicr. 1070, 1279, 1704.
dispiteous : pitiless John iv. i. 34 (Ft dispitious).
displace: to remove, banish Mac. in. iv. 1U9,
Lucr. 887.
displant : to uproot (fis.) Knni. in. iii. 58 D. a town.
displanting: deposition tium office Otli. ii. i. 280.
display : to behave ostentatiously Lr. ii. iv. 41.
displeasure (the foil, are special or obs. uses)
1 i/onr d., the unpopularity you are in H8 in. ii.
393, Otli. III. i. 45.
2 take a d., take oflence Tp. iv. i. 202.
3 offence, wrong Err. iv. iv. 118 Do oiitraije and d.
to liiiiistif, V. i. 142 JJoinij d. to the citizens.
disponge : reading in mod. edd. for dispunge.
disport sb.: pastime, sport Otli. i. iii. 273, Lucr.
Arg. 11.
disport vb.: refl. to amuse oneself 3H6 iv. v. 8
CoiiHs liiintinr/this icaytod. himself, Tim. i. ii. 143.
dispose sb. (not pre-S.)
1 disposal Gent. n. vii. 80, iv. i. 70 Which . . . all
rest at thy dispose, Err. I. i. 20, John i. i. 203.
2 bent of mind, temperament Troil. n. iii. 170.
3 external manner Otli. l. iii. 403 a smooth dispose.
dispose vb. (dispose of is common in sense 2)
1 to place or distribute, to manage, do with H5 iv.
Chor. 51, H8 1. ii. 110 these so noble benefits . . . Sot
well d-d, Ti-oil. iv. v. 115 His blows are well d-'d:
there, Ajax.'.
2 to put or stow away, deposit Tp. i. ii. 225, Err. i.
i. 83, I. ii. 73, Tit. iv. ii. 175.
3 to regulate, order, direct H5 TV. iii. 132 how thou
pleasest, God, d. the day! ; refl. to direct one's ac-
tion Wint. I. ii. 179, Per. i. ii. 117 ; also in gerund
(/(«po.«m/7=direction, arrangement John v. vii. 92,
H8 I. i. 43, Ven. 1040.
4 to settle matters, come to terms (S.) Ant. iv. xii.
[xiv.] 123 you did siispect She had d-'d with Casar.
disposed : inclined to merriment, in amerry mood
LLL. n. i. 248, v. ii. 467, Tw.N. n. iii. 91.
disposition (1 rare ; 2 and 3 about equally freq.)
1 arrangement 0th. i. iii. 237// d.for my wife.
2 inclination, humour, mood AYL. i. i. 133, iv. i.
118 a more coiiiiny-on d., R3 1, iii. 03, Cor. i. vi. 74,
in. ii. 21 The thwarting of your d-s, Rom. i. iii. 05
your disposition to be married, Lr. i. iv. 310.
3 natural constitution or temperament Wiv. iv. v.
m the villanous inconstancy of man's d., Rom. in.
iii. 114, Ham. i. ii. 169.
disprize: to hold in contempt Troil. rv. v. 74 (Q
uiisprisinfi). Ham. in. i. 72 d-d lore (Qq despiz'd).
disproperty (S.) : to alienate (a possession) Cor. 1 1.
i. 207 Dispropertiid their friedoms.
disproportion sb. : want of fitness Otli. in. iii. 233
Foul d., thoni/lits unnatural (so Qq ; Ff d-s).
disproportion vb.: to make out of proportion 3HG
III. ii. 100 To d. me in every part. Like to a chaos.
disproportion'd (2 is peculiar to S.)
1 out of proportion Tp. v. i. 290.
2 inconsistent Oth. i. iii. 2.
dispunge: to pourdown as from a squeezed sponge
Ant. IV. ix. 13 The poisonous damp of niyht dis-
pu>ir/e upon me.
dispurse : to disburse 2HC in. i. 117. TJ ' Probably
from some Scottish chronicle' (H. C. Hart); the
only other recorded examples of this word are
from a Scottish Act of Parliament (1043), and
Heslop's Northiiinberland glossary (1892).
dispiitable: inclined to dispute (S.) AYL. ir. v. 35.
disputation: conversation (S.) 1H4 in. i. 205, H5
III. ii. 105.
dispiite (1 an obs. sense ; 2 not pre-S.) [02.
1 todiscuss Wint. IV. iii. [iv.] 413 ; cf. Rom. in. iii.
2 to strive against, resist Mac. rv. iii. 219'.
disquantity (not pre-S.) : to diminish Lr. i. iv. 272.
disquietly: inadisturbingmanner(S.)Lr. i. ii.l27.
disseatf: to unseat Mac. v. iii. 21 (Fi dis-eate,
Ff234 dis-ease; many conj.).
dissemble: to disguise (once in S.) Tw.'N'. iv. ii. 5.
dissenibling vbl. sb.: falseness, hypocrisy 3H0
III. iii. 119; so the ppl. adj.=false, hypocritical
Err. IV. iv. 102 D. villain, Troil. v. iv. 2 Thaid
mrltt ; fig. MND. ii. ii. 98 What ...d. (jlass of mine.
dissembly : Dogberry's perversion of ' assembly '
Ado IV. ii. 1.
dissolution (5 times in S.; 1 not pre-S.)
1 liquefaction Wiv. in. v. 121 a man of continual
d. and thaw, Lucr. 355 Ayainst love's fire fear's frost
hath dissolution .
2 destruction, ruin Meas. in. ii. 242, R2 n. i. 259
Kcproach and d., Lr. I. ii. 103 d-s of ancient amities.
dissolve (sense 4 iiitr. is most free].)
1 to loosen, undo R2 ii. ii. 71 d. the bands of life,
Troil. v. ii. 153 The bonds of heaven are . . . d-'d,
mid loos'd.
2 to part, separate "Wiv. v. v. 249 [237] nothinij can
d.us, AH'sW. I. ii. (SGd-dfrom my hive, Cor. I. i. 210.
3 to destroy, put an end to Lr. iv. iv. 19 Lest his
■unijovern'd raije d. the life; also intr. to come to
an'end Tp. rv. i. 154, v. i. 64 The charm d-s apace.
4 to melt R2 in. ii. 108 all d-'d to tears ; also intr.
Gent. III. ii. 8, MND. i. i. 245, Lr. v. iii. 205
('ready to shed tears'). Ant. in. xi. [xiii.] 162.
dissuade: discourage AlFsW. in. v. 24.
distaff: cleft stick on which wool or flax was
formerly wound ; used as tlie typo of woman's
occuijation Lr. iv. ii. 17, Cym. v. iii. 34; so
distaff-woman R2 in. ii. 118.
distain: to defile, sully, dishonour R3 v. iii. 323,
Troil. I. iii. 241, Per. iv. iii. 31 She did distaiuir
nil) child (old edd. disdain{e), Lucr. 780.
distance (1 the orig. sense of the word ; the usual
S. .sense is that of 'intervening space', of which
2 is a special use)
1 disagreement Mac. in. i. 116 in such bloody d.
2 in fencing, definite interval of space to be kept
between the combatants Wiv. ii. i. 232 [223], ii.
iii. 27, Rom. ii. iv. 23.
3 remoteness in intercourse, thei-everseof intimacy
or familiarity Oth. ll. iii. 59 a wary d., in. iii. 13
o politic d., Compl. 151 With safest distance I mine
honour shielded.
distaste (not pre-Eliz.; 2, 3 not pre-S.)
1 to have no taste for, disrelish, dislike Troil. ii. ii.
66, Lr. I. iii. lb (Qq dislike).
2 to offend the taste, cause disgust Troil. iv. iv. 48
D-ini/ (Ff) with the salt of broken tears, Oth. in.
iii. .328.
3 to render distasteful Troil. ll. ii. 123 her hrani-
sick raptures Cannot d. the yoodness of a quarrel,
IV. iv. 48 D-d (Qq) with the salt of broken tears.
distasteful: expressing dislike or aversion Tim,
I n. ii. 221 distasteful looks.
DISTEMPER -
distemper sb. (2 and 3 not pre-S.; 3 cf. distem-
pering)
1 ill linmour, ill temper Wiv. iii. iii. 230, m. v. 80
tnxtifjatfd hi/ Ill's fl., Wint. I. ii. 385, Hani. iii. ii.
358 nhat is: yoiir rcmse. (if (I.?, III. iv. 122.
2 deranged condition of body or mind, illness,
disease Ham ii. ii. 55 your .ion's distemper.
3 intoxication H5 ii. ii. 54 little faults, proceeding
oil dis/fiiijiir.
distemper vb.: to distnrb, disorder Tw.N. ii. i. 5
///( mill III ltd ncij of my fate might, pirhaps,d. yours.
Yen. ('.53 ihstiuhiiuj Jealousy . . . Uisteiiiperiiiij
f/nilU Lovf ill his lUsire. % See also distempered.
distemperance : - distemperature 2, Per. v. i. 27
distemperature (in MND. ii. i. 106, 1H4 v. i. 3
tliciv is prob.'ibly a glance at tlie old sense of
' inclemency of weatlier ', but tbe direct ref. is to
'ill liumoiir, discomposure ')
1 physical disorder or derangement, ailment, ill-
ness Err. V. i. 82 pnle d-s, 1H4 m. i. 34 Our gran-
dam earth, having this d.. In passion shook.
2 disturbance of mind Rom. ii. iii. 40 Thou art up-
rntts'd by some d.. Per. v. i. 27.
distempered (1 tlie orig. sense ; cf. prec. •word)
1 inclement .John in. iv. 1.54 no d-d day ; transf.
All'sW. I. iii. 159 this d-d messenger of net (i. e.
the rainbow).
2 out of humour or temper, vexed Tp. iv. i. 145,
John IV. iii. 21, Ham. in. ii. 317.
3 pliysically disordered, diseased, ailing Tw.N. i.
V. 97 a d. appetite, 2H4 in. i. 41 as a body, yet, d-d,
Troil. II. ii. 169, Sonn. cliii. 12.
4 mentally or morally deranged, distracted Eoni.
11. iii. 33 a d-d head, Mac. v. ii. 15 his d-d cause.
distil (3 is much the commonest S. use)
1 to fall in minute drops Tit. in. i. 17. fiii. 15.
2 to let fall in minute drops Tit. ii. iii. 201, Rom. v.
3 to obtain or extract the essence of, also to obtain
(the quintessence) by extraction or distillation
(lit. and fig.) MND. l. i. 76 the rose d-d, AYL. in.
ii. 153 Nature prestnth/ d-'d Helen's cheek, AU'sW.
II. iv. 47, H5 IV. i. 5, Troil. I. iii. 350 a man d-'d
Out of our virtttes, Mac. in. v. 26 : used absol.
Cym. I. V. \^ To make perfumes? distil? preserve?.
4 to melt Ham. i. ii. 204 (F, hestil'd).
distillation : product of distilling Wiv. in. v. 117,
Sonn. V. 9 ; so distilment Ham. i. v. 64 The
hperous distilment.
disti'nct sb.: separate thing (S.)Phoen. 27 Two d-s.
distinct adj.: stressed disti'nct Troil. iv. v. 244;
di'stinct Mer.V. ii. ix. 61, Troil. iv. iv. 45.
distinction : discrimination Troil. iir. ii. 26.
distinctively : (?) distinctly 0th. i. iii. 155 (so
Ff:;?i4; F] iiistinctiuely, Qqintentiichj).
distinctly (obs. use): separately, individually Tp.
I. ii. 200, (or. III. i. 205, iv. iii. 48, 0th. ii. iii. 292'.
distingiiishm.ent : distinction Wint. ii. i. 85.
distract ppl. adj.:
1 separated, divided Compl. 231 Tlicird. parcels.
2 perplexed, confused C;es. iv. iii. 154. [vi.289.
3 crazy, mad Tw.N. v. i. 290, Ham. iv. v. 2, Lr. iv.
distract vb. :
1 to separate, divide, scatter All'sW. v. iii. 35 to the
liriglitest beams J)-ed clouds give tcay, 0th. I. iii.
328, Ant. III. vii. 43 Distract your army.
2 to perplex, confuse, Ijewilder Wiv. n. ii. 141 This
nni's d-s me, Tim. in. iv. 110 your distracted sottl,
Mac. 11. iii. Ill, Ham. I. v. 97 this d-cd globe.
3 to make mad Err. v. i. 39, 2H4 n. i. 12(). [28.
distractedly: disjointedly Tw.N. n. ii. 22, Compl.
distraction: division, detachment Ant. in. vii. 76
I/is piticer went out in such d-s. ^J The senses re-
ferring to mental derangenunt follow the vb.
62 —DO
distrain; to levy a distress upon R2 ii. iii. 131,
(hence) to confiscate 1H6 i. iii. 61 (/-'</ the Tower
to his ?(.sr. [iv. iii. 50.
distraug'ht: mentally deranged R3 in. v. 4, Rom.
distressful : gained' by hard toil H5 iv. i. 290
ilistnssfal bread.
distribute: to administer (justice) Cor. in. iii. 97.
distrustful: diffident 1H6 i. ii. 126.
disturb: disturbance R3 iv. ii. 72 my sweet .tkep's
d-s (Ff disturbers). ^ Used by Samuel Daniel
(1597) and Milton (1667).
disvalue (not pre-S.) : to disparage Meas. v. i. 215.
disvouch (S.) : to contradict Meas. iv. iv. 1.
dive-dapper : dabchick Yen. 86 a d. peering th rough
a imie.
divers (1 now expressed by the form ' diver.se ' ; in
H8 v. iii. 18 new opinions, I), and dangerous, the
old meaning ' wrong, pen'erse ' is perhaps repre-
sented)
1 different in kind AYL. in. ii. 329, 2H4 in. i. 53,
H5i. ii. 184, Rom. n. iii. 11.
2 various, sundry, several Wiv. i. i. 236, Coes.
IV. 1. 20; absol. Mer.Y. in. i. 121 d. of Antonio's
creditors.
divest (spelling of the earlier 'devest', not re-
corded earlier than Fi, i.e. 1623)
1 intr. to undress 0th. ii. iii. 183 (Qq Ff Devesting).
2 to strip or dispossess oneself (of) H5 ii. iv. 78
(Ff driest), Lr. i. i. 51 (Ff divest).
dividable: that divides (S.) Troil. i. iii. 105.
divi'dant: divided, separate (S.) Tim. iv. iii. 5.
divided : incomplete, imperfect John n. i. 439.
divin.e sb. : applied to a priest of a heathen religion
Wint. in. i. 19 Apollo's great divine.
divine adj.: immortal, blessed R2 I. i. 38 Or my d.
soul answer it in heaven.
divinely : piously, religiously, sacredly John n. i.
237 most d. vow'd, R3 in. vii. 61 /). bent to meditation.
divineness: superhuman excellence Cym. in. vi. 43.
diviner: soothsayer, seer Err. in. ii. 145.
division (tlie foil, are technical senses)
1 in music, execution of a rapid passage of melody,
esp. one consisting of florid phrases or runs 1H4
in. i. 210 ditties . . . Sting . . . With ravishing d., to
her lute, Rom. in. v. 29 the lark makes sweet d.;
(hence fig.) variation, modulation Mac. iv. iii. 96
abound In the d. of each several crime, Acting it
many tvays.
2 definite portion of a battalion or squadron 2H4 1.
iii. 70 his d-s . . . Are in three heads ; cf. Otli. i. i.
23 the division of a battle.
divorce: that which causes separation H8 n. i. 76
the long d. of steel ( = executioner's axe), Tim. iv.
iii. dSi dear d. 'Tioixt natural .ion and sire, Yen.
932 Hateful d. of love (viz. Death).
divulgfe: to proclaim (a person) to be so-and-so
Wiv. III. ii. 44 d. Page himself for a secure and
wilful Acteeon, Tw.N. i. v. 281 In voices well d-'d
( = of good repute).
divulgingf: becoming known Ham. iv. i. 22.
dizzy: to make 'dizzy', confuse Troil. v. ii. 171 d.
with more clamour Neptune's ear. Ham. v. ii. 120
d. (he arithmetic of memory (Q2 dosie, Qj dazzie,
Qq 4_r, dizzie).
dizzy-ey'd: dazzled 1H6 iv. vii. 11 D.fury.
do (the chief obs. or archaic uses are the following ;
see also doing, done)
1 to put to death Ado v. iii. 3, 2H6 in. ii. 179 ; also
do him dead 3H6 I. iv. 108.
2 to play the part of, enact Ado n. i. 124, MND. I.
ii. 28, 71 You may do it extemjiore.
3 imperative -'goon !'Tp. iv. i.241, Troil. n. i. 45.
4 = ' do with ' Lucr. 1092 /'or day hath nought to rfj
ii'hat's done by night.
DOCK'S — (
5 tobcsiifficieiit ; plir.fi// iroiiItJ iioUhjlUiuAv. 192.
to dOi to lie done, still undone IMeas. i. ii. 121,
AYL. I. ii. 122, 2H6 in. ii.H, Ham. iv. iv. 44 ; do
g'ood, succeed Wint. ir. ii. 54 ; do withal Mev. V.
HI. iv. 72 J could not do iii/litil, I could not lielp it.
dock'dt: put in dock Mei-.V. r. i. 27 Aiul see nnj
■umUhy Andrew dock'd in snnd (old edd. rfoc/.*).
doctrine (2 a late example of tliis sense)
1 instruction, lesson LLL. iv. iii. 302, Rom. i. i. 244,
Ant. V. ii. 31 Unrn A d. of oheduncc.
2 learning, condition All'sW. i. iii. 249.
document (once): instruction Ham. rv. v. 177.
do de : used to represent shivering or tlie chatter-
ing of teeth from cold Lr. in. iv. 57.
dodg'e: to be shiftj- Ant. in. ix. [xi.] G2.
doff: see daff.
dog" : occurs in vai'ious proverbs and comparisons,
e.g. Wiv. I. iv. 118, Mer.V. i. i. 94, Tw.N. ii. iii.
150, 1H4 II. i. 10, Tit. v. i. 122 ; dogs of mir Cres.
III. i. 273 (cf. H5 I. Chor. 7) is a S. expression
much echoed by mod. writers ; — (n) dog id, an
adept at Gent. iv. iv. 14, Tw.N. ii. iii. G6 / am do<i
at a catch ; — the dog's name, applied tothe letter!?,
which Ben Jonson says ' is the dog's letter, and
burreth in the sound ' Rom. n. iv. 225.
dog'-ape: (?) dog-faced baboon, cynoeephalns AYL.
II. V. 27 like the encounter of tiro dog-apes.
dog'-days: the days about the time of the heliacal
rising of the Dog-star, the hottest and most un-
wliolesome period of the 3'ear, about July 3 to
Augu.stlS, H8v. iv. 44.
dog°fish: name of a kind of small shark, applied
opprobriously to a person IHG i. iv. 107.
dog-fox: (properly) male fox; applied to Ulysses
(?)=hloody-minaed fellow Troil. v. iv. 12.
dog'g'ed : like a dog John iv. iii. 149 Xoic . . . Doth d.
liar bristle his angry crest ; (hence) cruel, malicious
John rv. i. V29 these d. spies, 2Ht5 in. i. 158 rf. I'ork.
dog' -hearted : cruel Lr. iv. iii. 47 his d. daughters.
dog'-hole: vile place, unfit for human Iiabltation
All'sW. n. iii. 291 Prance is a dog-hole.
dog's-leather : leather made of dogskin 2H6 iv.
ii.27. Cf. 'Dogs leather gloucs'Cotgr. s.v. 'Gans.'
dog-weary (not pre-S.) : tired out Shr. iv. ii. GO.
doing : deed, action, performance R3 ii. ii. 90, H8
I. ii. 74, Cor. i. ix. 40 ; also pi. Cor. i. ix. 23.
doit: a former Dutch coin, equivalent to half a
farthing, used as the type of a small sum Tp. ii.
ii. 34, Mer.V. I. iii. 141, 2H6in. i. 112, Cor. iv. iv. 17.
dole' (in 2H4 i. i. lG9 = distribution)
1 sliare, portion All'sW. n. iii. ll&uhatd. of honour
Flies u'liere yon bid it.
2 portion or lot in life, destiny, in phr. happy man
be his d., i.e. may his lot be" to be called 'Happy
man !' Wiv. in. iv. 68, Shr. i. i. 143, Wint. i. ii.
1G3, lH4n. ii. 84.
dole^: grief, sorrow, mourning AYL. i. ii. 140
making such pitiful dole. Ham. I. ii. 13 neighing
dflighi and dole.
dollar: in S.'s time applied both to the German
thaler and the Spanish piece of eight (eight
reals) Mac. i. ii. 64 ; also with play on 'dolour'
Tp. II. i. 18 ; cf. Lr. n. iv. 54.
dolphin : mammal of the whale family Tw.N. i. ii.
14 : see also dauphin, and cf. 1H6 v. iv. 107.
domination: sovereignty John n. i. 176.
dominator: ruler, lord LLL. i. i. 220.
domineer: to feast riotously Shr. in. ii. 227.
dominical: for 'd. letter,' the letter, marked in
1 ed on old almanacs, used to denote the Sundays
in a particular year LLL. v. ii. 44. *\ The seven
letters A, B, C, D, E, F, G are used in succession
to denote the first seven days of the year (January
1-7), and then in rotation the next seven days.
! —DOVE
so that, e. g. if the 3rd of January be a Sunday,
the dominical letter for the year is C.
done (1 is recorded first from S.)
1 agreed ! Tp. ii. i. m, Shr. v. ii. 74, Cor. r. iv. 2.
2 ruined, lost All'sW. iv. ii. C6, R2 i. i. 183, Ham.
III. ii. 174, Yen. 197.
doom sb. (1 the usual S. sense)
1 judgement, sentence R2 i. iii. 148.
2 day of d., only = 'last day of one's life, day of
dissolution, death-day,' not ' day of judgement '
(S. uses simplv doom or general doom) R2 in. ii.
189, 3Hfi V. vi.'93. Tit. n. iii. 42 ; so doomsday
1H4 IV. i. 134, R3 v. i. 12, Rom. v. iii. 234.
doom vb. (rare use) : to decide, judgeCym. v. v.421.
door: Speak within door, lower your tone, do nut
talk so loud Otii. iv. ii. 144 (Qq elores) ; in War-
wickshire the phr. 'Speak within the house'
was current till recently in the same sense ;— is
the wind in that door?, Is th.at tiie tendency of
affairs? 1H4 in. iii. 101.
door particulars : home or private affairs Lr. v.
i. 30 these domestirdoor particulars (Qq ; mod. edd.
chiefly, following Ff, these domestic (end particular
broils). [22.
dormouse: attrib.= sleepy, dormant Tw.N. ni. ii.
dotage: feebleness of mind Lr. i. iv. 317 ; exces-
sive fondness 0th. iv. i. 27.
dotant (S.) : dotard Cor. v. ii. 47 a decayed dofant.
dote: to act or talk foolishly Err. iv. iv. GO, 'Ven.
1059 ; to be excessively fond or in love Gent. iv.
iv. 89, Ham. v. ii. 197, Ven. 837 ; hence doter,
fond lover LLL. iv. iii. 260, doting, fond R3 iv.
iv. 301, Lucr. 1064.
double sb. : sliarp turn (not pre-S.) Ven. 682.
double adj.: as d. as, liaving twice the power or
influence of 0th. I. ii. 14 ; d. beer, strong beer
2H6 II. iii. 64.
double adv.: doubly, twice All'sW. n. iii. 252,
Wint. V. iii. 107, Mac. iv. i. 83 make assurance d.
sure ; double-fatal yew R2 in. ii. 117 so called be-
cause it has poisonous leaves, and was used for
instruments of death ; with duplicity, deceit-
fully Rom. II. iv. 180 deal double with her.
double vb.: to be twice as much as Lr. ii. iv. 262 ;
fig. Cym. in. iv. 180 honourable. And, doubling
that, most holy.
double-henned : Troil. v. vii. IV my double-henued
sparrow: (Q spartan), an obscure expression,
' sparrow . . . with a female married to two cocks,
and hence false to both ' (Schmidt).
doublet: close-fitting body-garment, with or with-
out sleeves, worn by men from the 14th to the
18th cent. Tp. ll. i. 108 ;— rf. and hose, typical male
attire ; also, a kind of undress, or dress for active
pursuits, implying absence of the warm cloak,
or the dignified gown or long coat Wiv. in. i. 46
in your d. and hose! this raw rheumatic day 7,
AYL. II. iv. 6(7. and hose ought to show itself cou-
rageous to petticoat. [12.
double-vantage : to benefit doubly Sonn . Ixxxviii.
doubt (1 remains in dial, use)
1 to suspect, apprehend Cor. in. i. 151, Ham. i. ii.
255 I (loubt some foul play, 0th. in. iii. 19.
2 refl. to fear Tim. i. ii. IGl I doubt me.
doubtful: inclined to suspect, suspicious, appre-
hensive Mer.V. III. ii. 109, Tw.N. rv. iii. 27, Mac.
in. ii. 7 dwell in d. joy, Lr. v. i. 12 / am d. that
you liai'e been . . . bosom'd with her.
doubtless : without fear or suspicion John iv. i.
130 pretty child, sleep d., 1H4 in. ii. 20 I am d. I
can purije Myself.
dout (Fi (ioubt) : to put out, extinguish (fig.) H5 iv.
ii. 11, Ham. iv. vii. 192 (Qq Ff234 drown(e)s).
dove: common type of gentleness and harmlessuess
DOWER'D —
G4
MNU. I. i. 171 llie shiiplicitijof Ifjurs' dove.i. Ham.
V. i. 308 ; lience, an innocent or simpleton Slir.
HI. ii. 100 slic's II hdiib, a iloir, a fool to him.
dower'd: eniloweil Lr. r. i. 207 f). with our cnrse.
dowlas: coarse liind of linen 1H4 iii. iii. 79.
dowlie: soft fine leather Tp. iir. iii. 05.
down: used in ballad refrains without appreciable
iiaaiiini; Wiv. i. iv. 44, Ham. w. v. lO'J.
down-g-yved : hanging down like gyves or fetters
Ham. n. 1. 80 liis stockings . . . d. to his anhle.
dov/nrigrht ad].:
1 directed straiuht downwards, vertical 2Ht) n. iii.
it:! a (lointriiilit hinw, :iH() i. i. 12.
2 direct, straightforward, plain, definite Mcas. in.
ii. 115, H5 V. ii. 150(7. oaths, 0th. i. iii. 251.
downrig'ht adv. (in Ven. 645 ? = ' straight down,'
or 'straightway, forthwith')
1 positively, absolutely, out and out LLL. v. ii. :W0,
Rom. ni. V. 120 It rains ihirnrir/ht.
2 plainly, definitely AYL. iir. iv. 29.
Downs: the part of tlie sea within the Goodwin
Sands off the east coast of Kent, a f;\mous
rendezvous for ships 2H6 iv. i. 9 whilst our pin-
nace anchors in the Downs. [20.
down sleeves ' : (?) close-fitting sleeves Ado th. iv.
doxy: vagabond's cant for a beggar's mistress
Wint. IV. ii. 2. [i- 2(i.
drabbing: associating with bad women Ham. ii.
draff: jiig-wash, hog's-wash Wiv. iv. ii. 112 67///
sirinc cats all the draff (Ff Q, draurjh), 1H4 IV.
ii. :58 catini/ draff and husks.
drag'on: a yoke of dragons is attributed by S. to
the goddess of the night MND. in. ii. .379, Troil.
V. viii. 17 The d. winy of niijht, Cyin. ii. ii. 48 ijon
draqons of the tiii/Iit.
dragfon's tail : the descending node of the moon's
orbit with the ecliptic Lr. I. ii. 145 under the d.
drain (rare use) : to let fall in drops 2Hi) in. ii. 142.
dxam: i ounce apothecaries' weight, -f^ ounce
avoirdupois weight ; (hence) very small quantity
All'sW. II. iii. 232 ;— i fluid ounce ; (hence) spec,
dose of poison Wint. i. ii. 320, Rom. v. i. 00 ht
me have A dram of jioison. [Tim. v. i. 107.
draug'ht: cesspool, privy, sewer, Troil. v. i. 84,
draw (see also drawn ; 8 is not pre-S.)
1 intr. to pull a vehicle, fig. applied to acting in
concert Troil. v. v. 44 ire d. ior/ether, 0th. iv. i. 08
Think every bearded fellow that's hut yok'd May d.
with you.
2 to bend (a bow), pnll back (an arrow) on the
.string (freq.) ; also ab.sol. Tit. iv. iii. 3 Look yc d.
home (nouffli, 03 Xoic, masters, draw.
3 intr. to draw the bow across a fiddle Ado v. i. 131.
4 (of a sliip) to displace so inucli water (absol.)
Troil. n. iii. 280 yreater hulks draw deep.
5 to gather, collect, assemble John iv. ii. 118, 1H4
HI. i. 90, Troil. ll.iii.80, Cor.ii. iii. 261, Caes. i. iii. 22.
0 to withdraw 2H4 ii. i. 100 Go, wash thy face, and
draw thy action, 3H6 v. i. 25, H8 v. iv. 62, Cyni.
IV. iii. 24*^.
7 = ' draw liquor,' be a drawer Wiv. i. iii. 11.
8 to receive (money), to win (a stake) Mer.V. iv. i.
87, Wint. I. ii. 248 the rich stake drawn. Ham. iv.
V. 141 (fig.), Lr. I. i. 87 to d. A third more opulent
than your sisters.
9 to bring (something into a person's liands) Lr.
III. iii. 24, Gym. iir. iii. 18 Draws us n profit.
10 to disembowel (usu. quibblingly) Meas. ii. i. 221
(cf. sense 7), Ado in. ii. 22, John ii. i. 504.
11 to write out, frame, compose MNU. i. ii. 108.
Mer.V. IV. i. 395, Shr. n. i. 127, R3 v. iii. 24.
draw on, (1) to involve as a consequence 3H6 ui,
iii. 75, (2) to entice, lead on Mac. in. v. 2'.l ;
(3j intr. to ai'proacli Sviv. v. iii. 20, v. v. 2, MND.
-DROP
I. i. 2 ; draw out, to extend, lengtlien Cses. in.
i. 100; cf. Ki V. iii. 2di AVyforeicard shall be drawn
out all in hnf/th, draw up, (1) to set in array Lr.
V. i. 51 draw up your powers; Lucr. 1368 Before
the which IS drawn the power of Greece ; (2) to inhale
Ven. 929 draws up her breath.
drawer: tapster Wiv. n. ii. 107, Rom. in. i. 9.
drawn (the foil, are special uses)
1 (/. fox, a fox driven from cover and therefore
wily in his attempts to get back again 1H4 in.
iii. 128 (?also ref. to 'fox'= broadsword).
2 having one's sword drawn Tp. ii. i. 316, MND.
ni. ii. 402, H5 ii. i. 39.
3 d. of, emptied of Cym. v. iv. 168.
dread sb. ; one deeply revered Ven. 635 irondrous d.!
dread adj.: dreadful, terrible Tp. i. ii. 206 Itis dread
tridoit; held in awe, revered 2H6 v. i. 17 our
dread lieije. Ham. in. iv. 108 i/oio- dread command.
dread vb.: to be anxious about Pilgr. vii. 10 [94]
Dreadinij mij love, tlie loss thereof still fearinq.
dreadful (obs. use) : full of dread R3 r. i. 8, Ham.
I. ii. 207, 0th. n. iii. 177 ; so dreadfully, with
dread Jleas. iv. ii. 149 apprehends death no more
d. but as a drunken sleep ; also colloquially used
as a strong intensive, = exceedingly, ' terribly '
Ham. II. ii. 281 I aiii, most d. attendul.
ixegs (once sing, dreg Troil. in. ii. 68) : always
fig. (1) worthless part of something, impurity,
corrupt matter Troil. in. ii. 68, 70, Tim. i. ii. 242
Friendship'sfullofd., Sonn. Ixxiv. 9; (2) residue,
last remains Tp. n. ii. 43 /(// the d. of the storm be
past, R3 I. iv. 125, Cor. v. ii. 83.
dress (the sense ' to prepare, equip' is freq., often
with more or less explicit ref. to putting on
clothes)
1 to cultivate (a plot of ground) R2 in. iv. 50.
2 to train, break (a horse) R2 v. v. 80.
dressing: trimming up, refashioning Sonn. cxxiil.
4 They are butd-sofaformersiijht \ pi. ornaments
of office Meas. v. i. 56.
dribbling (old edd. dribliny) : of an arrow, falling
short or wide of the mark Meas. i. iii. 2 the d.
dart of love.
drift (1 once ; 2 tlie usual S. sense)
1 shower (of bullets) John n. i. 412.
2 what one is driving at, aim, tendency Tp. v. i.
29 d. of my purpose, Wiv. n. li. 250 understand
my rf., Troil. in. iii. 113 the author's d., Rom. n.
iii. 55, Ham. n. i. 10 (/. of question, in. i. 1 d. of
circumstance* (Qq d. of confcrenct), iv. vii. 151.
3 scheme, plot, design Gent. n. vi. 43, &c.
drink sb. : carousal (S.) Tim. in. v. 75, Ant. n. vii. 112.
drink vb.: to d. (a person) dead drunk, to bed, said
of the seasoned toper who sees his companions
succumb to the effects of their potations 0th. n.
iii. 85, Ant. n. v. 21.
drive (past tense drove, drave : pa. pple. driven,
droven, (?) drove in 2H0 in. ii. 84)
1 to rush at or upon Tit. n. iii. 64, Ham. n. ii. 502.
2 let d., to aim blows, strike 1H4 n. iv. 221 Four
roijues . . . let d. at me, 251.
3 d. away, to cause (the time) to pass 1H4 ii. iv. 31.
driven: (of snow) drifted Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 220
Lawn as white us d. snow; (of down) separated
from the heavier down by a current of air 0th.
I. iii. 232 My thrice-d. bed ofdoirn.
drollery: puppet-show Tp. in. iii. 21 .1 liviny d.;
comic picture 2H4 n. i. 100 a pretty sliyht d.
drone: the bass pipe of a bagpipe, which emits
one continuous note 1H4 i. ii. 85.
drooping chair : chair of old age (cf. cuair-days)
IHO IV. v. 5.
drop sb. : used for 'tear-drop' (freq.) Tp. l. ii. 155,
Yen. 'JSl, Lucr. 1228; 'drop of blood' H5 ill. v.
DROP —
25, Troil. IV. v. 132 muj d. llioii borrow'dd from
till/ niotlicr. Cor. v. i. iOllie d-s TliiU ice liave bird
toi/cllKr ; lig. small qiiaiitity Mfi.V. II. ii. 201,
Otli. IV. ii. .'■>-' .1 ''. 0/ jiii/itiicc, Cyiii. iv. ii. 304.
drop vli.: d. forth, biing forth, produce AYL. iii.
ii. 262 irlicn il d-s fotth mich J'ntil, iv. iii. 35 d.
forlli .such niniit-rnde inicnlion \ d. in for, come
"in for Sonn. xc. 4.
dropping: (Irijiiiiiig wet Per. iv. i. G2 ivith a d.
iiidiistiij tliiij sliiii From sUin to sltrn \ tearful
Ham. I. ii. 11 drojiphii/ cijc.
dropsied: iiillatcil Airs\\'. ii. iii. 135 a d. honour.
drossy: Irivulniis Hani. v. ii. 197 the diossi/ ai/c.
drouth: lack of moisture, thirst Per. in. Cio\ver8,
Yen. 544.
drovier : cattle-dealer Ado ii. i. 201.
drown : to niake-tonipletely drunk (S.) Tw.N. i. v.
l^^) (I third [dnnii/h/l d-s him ; cf. Tim. ill. v. 70
(( sin Hull (ijtin Ihoii lis him. Veil. 984.
drowsy: inducing sleep Otli. iii. iii. 3S2d.sijrttps.
drug': spec, poisonous or injurious concoction
Honi. V. i. GO, Ham. in. ii. 270, 0th. l. ii. 74.
drumble: to be .sluggish Wiv. in. iii. 157.
dry adj. (1 properly, =tliat docs not draw blood)
1 severe, hard Err. il. ii. 05 nuoihcr d. basthif/.
2 (of jests, i:c.) dull, stupid AYL. n. vii. 39, LLL.
V. ii. 374, Tw.N. i. iii. 81, v. 44.
dry vb : to cause (tlic brain) to lose its substance
(cf. DRV adj. 2) AViv. v. v. 147, Ham. iv. v. 153.
dry-beat: to beat soundly (cf. drv adj. 1) LLL. v.
ii. 204, Kom. in. i. 84, iv. v. 127.
dry-foot: drmn d., track game by the scent of the
foot Err. IV. ii. 39.
dub: to confer the rank of knighthood Tw.N. in.
iv. 200, H5 IV. viii. 91 ; (hence) to invest witli
a dignity R3 i. i. 82 dnbb'd than rifntUwoiiicn ; to
dub with an opprobrious name H6 n. ii. 120.
ducat : gold coin of varying value, formerly in use
in most European countries, that current in
Holland, Russia, Austria, and Sweden being
equivalent to about 9.v. 4rf.; also, silver coin of
Italy, value about 3*'. Crf. Mer.V. ii. viii. 19,
double d-s, ILani. in. iv. 23 Deud, for a d., dead !
ducdame (unexplained ; many coiij.) : AYL. ii. v.
51, .'>S.
dudgeon : hilt of a dagger of wood of the .same
name (/boxwood) Mac. ir. i. 40.
due si), (obs. use) : debt Mer.V. iv. i. 37 the due and
forfeit of mij bond, Tim. n. ii. 10 a note of ctrtuin
'dues, 158.
due adj. (nautical use): straiglil, direct 115 in.
Clior. n Noldinr/ d. course to Hiirfleur, Otli. l. iii. 34.
due adv.: duly 2H4 in. ii. 333 duer paid. ^ S. is
the earliest authority for the nautical use Tw.N.
in. i. 148 due ircsf.
due vb. : to endue, invest IHO iv. ii. 34.
duello : established code of duellists LLL. i. ii. 188,
Tw.N. in. iv. 341 he cunnot bi/ the dmilo moid il.
duke sb.: sovereign prince, ruling a small state
called a duchy Tp. i. ii. 58 I), of Miluu ; hence used
to render the Venetian 'doge' 0th. iv. i. 2.30;
liere<litaiy title of nobility in Great Britain,
ranking next to that of prince 2H0 i. i. 125
Suffolk's duke.
diike vb.: d. il, play the duke Mcas. in. ii. 102.
dull (all the foil, are frefi.: 5 not prc-S.)
1 not quick or sharp, olituse, stupid Tp. v. i. 297
this d. fool, IW IV. iv. 440 [)., nniniudfnl nllnin.
2 wanting sensibility or acuteness in the Imilily
faculties, physically insensible Shr. Ind. i. 24 Ihi
d-cst scent, \Vint. i. ii. 421 the d-csl nostril, 118
III. ii.434rf. coldiiinrble. Ant. in. iii. 10 (i. ofloiif/iie.
3 slow, inert, inactive, heavy, drowsy Mer.V. n.
vii. 8(/. /<i('/, John in. iv. lU9//(( d. lurofu droiisji
65 — DWEI.Ii
)/((()(, 1114 IV. ii. 87 a d. ff/hter, Ham. iv. iv. 33
spur mij dull revenue ; soft, soothing 2H4 iv. v. 2.
4 gloomy, melancholy Ado ii. iii. 75 duuips so dull
tend hcuv)i. Sonn. xcvii. 13 so dull, it cheer.
5 tedious, irksome, uninteresting Err. ii. i.91 Are
my discourses d.?. Ant. iv. xiii. [xv.] 01 this d.
world, Lucr. 1019 dull dibitters.
G not sharp, blunt K3 iv. iv. 227.
7 not bright, obscure, dim, gloomy, overcast 2H4 iv.
iii. 100 d. and crudy ritpours, H5 in. v. 10 their
climule fofniy, rnw, and d., Cyiii. ii. iv. 41 is't not
Too dull for your i/ood imirin;/ 7
dull-eyed: wanting in perception Mer.V. in. iii.
14 « soft nnd d. fool ; having the eyes dimmed
Per. I. ii. 2 dull-cy'd nielnncholy.
dumb : to put to silence Ant. i.v. 50 vhut I would
have spoke Was beaslly dunib'df by him (old edd.
dunibie), Per. v. Gower 5 Deep clerks she dumbs.
dumbly : without speech MND. v. i. 98, R2 v. i.
95, Veil. 10.59.
dumb-show: fir.st in S. in the general (non-
dramatic) sense 'signilicant gesture without
speech ' Tit. in. i. 132.
dump: (properly) mournful melody or song, (hence)
tune in general Gent. in. ii. 85 Tune a deploriny
d., lioiii. IV. V. 108 play me some merry d., Lucr.
1127 Distress likes dumps.
dun : Kom. 1. iv. 40-1 Tut .' dun's the mouse . ... If
thou art J)., ne'll draw thee from the mire ; ref. to
(1) a proverbial saying 'alluding to the colour of
the mouse, but frecpicntly employed with no
other intent than that of quibbling on tlic word
"done"' (Narcs) ; (2) an old Christmas game,
called also ' Dun is in the mire ', in which a heavy
log was lilted and carried off by the players.
dung : applied to vile or contemptible matter Ant.
V. ii. 7 and never palates more the d. (mod. edd.
dniji), Tlic hii/i/iir's •niir.HC [i.e. the earth] (tnd
Casar's ; cf. tlie dunijy earth "Wiiit. ii. i. 150, Ant.
I. i. 35.
dup : to ' do up ', open Ham. iv. v. 54.
durance: confinement, imprisonment LLL. in. i.
135, 2H4 V. V. 37 in base d.; with quibble on the
meanings 'continuance, duration' and 'stout
durable cloth ' Err. iv. iii. 20 suits of d., 1H4 I. ii.
49 is not a buff jerkin a most sweet robe of d. ?.
dust (obs. or arili. u.se) : grain of dust, niiiuite
particle of dry matter All'sW. v. iii. 65, John
in. iv. 128 each d., ateh straw, iv. i. 93 ^1 yrain,
a d., a yuat, P2 ii. iii. 91 to toncli a d. of Enyland's
f/round.
dusty: consisting of dust Troil. in. ii. 190 mir/hty
states ... ijratid To d. nolhinr/ ; ajiiilied to death as
the state in which all 'turn to dust' (Eccles. iii.
20) Mac. v. v. 23 li/jhted fejols The way In d. diath ;
cf. ' dustic death's defeature ' (Anthony Copley's
' Fig for Fortune '), ' brought me into the dust of
death ' (Psalm xxii. 16). [1300.
duteoiis (not jire-S.) : dutiful, submissive Lucr.
duty (1 the most freq. S. sense)
1 reverence, respect MND. v. i. 101 in the modesty
nffanfnl duty, AYL. v. ii. 103, Ven. Ded. 9 Your
honour's in all d.; act of reverence, compliment
LLL. IV. ii. IbOStay not thy compliment ; Iforf/ive
thy d., 1H4 v. ii. 55, H8 I. ii. 01 Tonyues spit their
dulii s out.
2 (c)iu's) due Shr. IV. i. 39 have thy duty.
dwell (tlic main lig. uses are as follows)
1 (o rcniain, continue (in a state) Mer.V. i. iii. 150,
All'sW. IV. iii. 13 d. darkly with yon ( be kept
secret by you), H8 in. ii. 131 ; to reside, exist
115 IV. iii. 27, Mac. in. ii. 7, Lucr. 1440; to depend
on, lie in, rest with 118 in. ii. 400, Troil. I. iii. 330,
111. ii. 101, Veil. 200.
DWELLER-
66
-EDGE
2 (/. on or tipnti, fi) to stand on, mako niucli of
Wiv. n. ii. 250, Koni. ir. ii. 88 Ftiin would Id. on
form ; (ii) to continue in R3 v. iii. 101, 240.
dweller on -. stickler for Sonn. cxxv. 5 d-s on form
itnil fniour.
dwelling ; dweiling-place, home AYL. iii. ii. 364,
Slir. iv. V. 55, 2H4 v. iii. 5 a goodly d., unda rich.
dwindle (not pre-S.) : 1H4: iii. iii. 3, Mac. i. iii. 23.
E
eager (most of the S. uses are obs.)
1 pungent, acrid Sonn. cxviii. 2 Willie, compounds
lie our pdliite iiri/e; (of air) keen, biting Ham. i.
iv. 2; (of speecii) R2 i. i. 49 two e. tongues, 3H6
II. vi. 68 cnger words.
2 ardent, impetuous R2 v. iii. 75 this e. crij, 3H6 i.
iv. 3 tlie e. foe, Lucr. 1298 an eager combat.
eagle : referred to as (i) one of tlie emblems of
Jupiter, (ii) an ensign in tlie Roman army Cym.
IV. ii. 348 .Joic's bird, the Roman e., v. v. 474 our
priiirdi/ (iii/le, Tlie imperial Ctesar.
eagle-sighted : liaving sight strong enough to
j;aze at the sun LLL. iv. iii. 226.
eagle-winged : tliat soars aloft R2 r. iii. 129f . pride.
eale: HAm.i.iv.3(} the dram of e.iQqoseate, Qqi^,-,
case, passage not in Qi Fi) ; corrupt, many conj.
ean: to bring forth (lambs) 3H6 ir. v. 36; eanimj
lime Mer.V. l. iii. 88, Per. ill. iv. 6.
eanling : young lamb Mer.V. i. iii. 80.
earsb. : about (a person's) e-s, in expressions de-
noting severe treatmeni or hard measure Ho iii.
vii. 90, 3H0 v. i. 103, Rom. in. i. 87 ;— 6// the e., by
liearsay All'sW. in. v. 50 \— by the e-a, quarrellini.',
at variance (saidorig. of animals) All sW. i. ii. 1,
Cor. I. i. 239 -.—in e. and e., in everybody's ears
Ham. IV. v. 94 ; — in the «., witliin hearing Ham.
in. i. 193 ;— o'er e-s, drowned Tp. iv. i. 215 \—shake
(one's) e-s, to make tlie best of things (? like
a dog when wet) Tw.N. ii. iii. 135, Cres. iv. 1. 20.
ear vb.: to plough, till AH'sW. i. iii. 48, R2 in. ii.
212, Ant. I. ii. 120, i. iv. 49, Ven. Ded. 0.
ear-bussing (Qq), -kissing (Ff) : whispered ('the
speaker's lips touching the hearer's ear') Lr. ir.
i. 9 ear-bnssing argumoils.
earl : order of nobility next below a marquis and
iie.xt above a viscount (freq.) ; used for the foreign
'count' AH'sW. in. v. 12, H5 iv. viii. 103.
earn' : to gain deservedly or as recompense, deserve
Ado in. i. 99, Ant. in. xi. [xiii.] 175, iv. i. 16.
earn- (mod. edd. yearn): to grieve H5 ii. iii. 3, 6
(Fi erne), Cses. li. ii. 129 (Fi earnes).
earnest: money paid as an instalment to secure
a bargain Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 059 ; quibblingly in
Gent. II. i. 105, Err. ii. ii. 24 with the other word
meaning 'seriousness'.
earth (the foil, are obs. or special uses ; 1 was in use
from Anglo-Saxon times down to the 17th c.)
1 country, land Wint. in. iii. 44, John ii. i. 3-Hlhe
e. this climate overlooks, R2 n. i. 41, H8 in. i. 142
this English e.; landed estate Rom. i. ii. 15 She is
the hopeful lady of mi/ earth.
2 a. type of dull, dead matter R2 in. iv. 18 thou little
better thing than earth, Lr. V. iii. 203.
3 the body Sonn. cxlvi. 1.
earth'd: buried Tp. n. i. 242.
earthly (the ordinary senbe is common ; 2 peculiar
to S.)
1 existing in the ground 3H0 i. iv. 17.
2 pale or lifeless as earth Tit. ii. iii. 229 the dead
mini's I. ihreks (Qi earthy).
earth- vexing : troubling man's life Cym. v. iv. 42.
earthy: ;jr.i.-.sly material Tp. i. ii. 273 Iter c. . . .
commands, Err. in. ii. 34 my earth y-grois conceit.
ease (the meanings 'comfort' and 'leisure', in a
bad sense ' idleness, sloth ', are the common ones)
1 do (a person) ease, give pleasure or assistance to
Shr. V. ii. 180, 3HG v. v. 72, Ham. I. i. 131.
2 facility, easiness 0th. i. iii. 29 of ease ( = easy);
iiulh e., easily Tp. in. i. 30 ; at what e., liow easily
H8 Epil. 2 (? not S.).
3 means of relief Troil. v. x. 50.
easeful: restful 3H6 v. iii. 6 his e. western bed.
easily (tlie usual sense is 'without difficulty ')
1 comfortably, at ease AYL. in. ii. 342 sleeps e.,
Otli. V. i. 83 To bear him easily hence.
2 siuootlily, freely Ado v. i. 163 it goes e., Tw.N.
in. iv. 302* Jte will bear you easily (? = 1).
easiness (occurs thrice) : indift'erenccHam. v. i. 74
Custom halk made it in him a property of e.;
facility Ham. in. iv. 166 that shall lend a kind of
e. To the next abstinence ; indulgence H8 v. iii. 25
Out of our easiness a)id childish pity.
easy adj. (the sense 'not difficult, requiring little
effort ' is the most freq., often with some ellipsis
or condensation of expression, e. g. Cor. v. ii. 45
the e. groans of eld women. Ant. in. viii. [x.] 41
'Tis e.to '/ ( = It is not a difficult journey tliitlier),
Cym. I. iv. 23 which . . . an e. battery might lay flat ;
S. is c.irliest for sense 1 and the sense 'loosely
fitting' All'sW. v. iii. 282, R3 v. iii. 50)
1 moved without difficulty to action or belief,
yielding, compliant Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 518, H5 n.
ii. 125*, H8 in. ii. 357 good e. man, Cym. ii. iv. 47
Your lady being so easy.
2 of small importance, insignificant, slight John
in. i. 207, 2H4 v. ii. 71, Tit. in. i. 19S at an c. price.
easy adv.: freq.=easily ; also in comp. e.-borrow'd
Lr. II. iv. 188, e. -melting 3H6 ii. i. 171, e. -yielding
2H4 n. i. 130.
easy-held: ' free from constraint ' (Schmidt) 1H6
V. iii. I3S this her e. imprisonment.
eat (there are many exx. of the fig. sense 'devour')
1 piirases : e. the air, be ' fed ' upon promises 2H4 t.
iii. 28, Ham. in. ii. 99 ; e. iron, a sword, be stabbed
Ado IV. i. 279, 2H0 iv. x. 31, Troil. n. iii. 231.
2 to make a way into (a thing) by gnawing or
corrosion Troil. in. iii. 130, Lucr. 755.
ebb sb.: at e., (of the eyes) dry Tp. i. ii. 432 ; hise-s,
his flows, his capriciousness Troil. n. iii. 140.
ebb vb.: fig. to decline, decay Tp. n. i. 230 to e..
Hereditary sloth instructs nie, 234, AYL. n. vii. 73
the . . . Means do e., "Wint. v. i. 102, 0th. in. iii.
459 ; ebb and flow 1H4 i. ii. 36, Lr. v. iii. 19,
ebb'd: decayed Ant. i. iv. 43 the ehb'd man.
ebon: black (like ebonv)LLL. i. i. 244 tin e.-coloured
ink, 2H4 v. v. 40, Yen. 948.
Sbrew (common spelling from 14th to 17th cent.) :
1H4 II. iv. 201 a .Jew ehe, an Ebreio Jeic.
eche: to eke out Mer.V. in. ii. 23 To eche it and to
draw it out in length (Ffi23 ich, Qi eck, Qo ech,
Q q 3 I eech. Ft itch, mod. edd. (kt), Per. iii. Gowerl3
(rhymes with speech).
Echo: Echo personified (in Greek mythology, an
oread or mountain nymph) Rom. ii.ii. 161.
ecstasy (1 the orig. meaning of the Greek word)
1 state of being beside oneself, in a frenzy orstupor,
excitement, bewilderment, (sometimes) madness
Tp. in. iii. 108, Tit. iv. i. \2b attend him in his e.,
Mac. ni. ii. 22 In restless e.. Ham. n. i. 102 the
very ecstasy of love, in. i. 109, in. iv. 74, 137.
2 swoon Otii. IV. i. 80.
3 rapture, delight Mer.V. in. ii. Ill allay thy e.
edge (used in various fig. applications of literal
phrases /(iA« (Ufd.y, takeoff, turn, blunt, almie the
edge ; cf. sense 2 ; humorously misused In Mer.V.
n. ii. 180 c. of a feather-bed, H5 m. vi. 50 e. of
penny cord)
EDGED — 67
1 cutting weapon, swoni Cor. v. v. 113 Uluin all
your edges on me.
2 keenness of appetite or desire Slir. i. il. 73
Affection's e., R2 i. iii. 296 cloy the Iniwjfy c. of
appetite. [iir. i. 26.
3 yiie (a person) on e., stimulate, incite liim Ham.
4 perilous path on a narrow ridge 2H4 i. i. 170 lie
H'alk'd . . . onnti e. ; cf. the plir. ' on a razor's edge '.
5 utmost point or limit Troil. iv. v. 68.
edged: sharpened, sharp H5iii. v. 38, 1H6 iii. iii. 52.
e'er (in old edd. otten ere) : common contraction
of EVER in all uses Tp. i. ii. 443 tlie first That e. I
sii/li'd/or ; Troil. i. i. 29 iiliiit yoddess e'er she be ;
in e'er since Tw.N. i. i. 23, John ii. i. 288, Cor. v.
iii. 48 ; see also or.
effect ah. (meaning 'result, consequence' is freq.
and colours many exx. given below ; quibbles
are freq.)
1 contemplated result, purpose, end Gent. ir. vii.
73, 1H6 V. iv. 102, Otli. i. iii. 105 ; to e., to the
purpose Tit. iv. iii. 59, Lr. iii. i. 52.
2 drift, tenor AYL. iv. iii. 36, John iv. i. 38, H5 v.
ii. 72 tenours and particular e-s, Coes. I. ii. 284 To
nhat effect ?, Ham. i. iii. 45, v. ii. 37.
3 outward sign, manifestation, appearance Meas.
in. i. 24, Ado ii. iii. 119 ichut e-s of passion slioics
she ?, H5 V. ii. 240 the poor. . .e. of my visage, H8
It. iv. 84, Mac. v. i. 12% Lr. i. i. 133, Compl. 202
Effects of terror and dear modesty.
4 something acquired by an action (S.) Ham. in.
iii. 54 I am still possess'd Of those effects.
5 execution, accomplishment, fulfilment, realiza-
tion Gent. I. i. 50*. Meas. ii. i. 13 attain'd the e.
of your own purpose, Mac. i. v. 48, Lr. iv. ii. 15,
Ant. V. ii. 3:32 thy thoughts Touch their effects.
6 practical reality, fact Troil. v. iii. 110*.
effect vb. (obs. uses are)
1 to produce (a state) Shr. I. i. 86.
2 to give effect to Troil. v. x. 6 effect your rai/e.
effectless : fruitless Tit. iii. i. 77, Per. v. 1. 53.
effectual (2 is an obs. sense)
1 having due effect Gent. iii. i. 22i stands inc. force
( = must take effect).
2 to the point, pertinent, conclusive 2H6 in. i. 41
Or chc cowhide my words effectual.
effectually : with the due or intended result Tit.
IV. iv. 106 Your biddimj shall I doe.; in effect, in
reality Sonn. cxiii. 4 mine eye . . . Seems seeiny,
hut effectually is out.
effeminate (2 rare use, found also in Naslie)
1 womanish, unmanly, feeble, self-indulgent AYL.
III. ii. 436, R2 v. iii. 10, 1H6 i. i. 35, v. iv. 107,
Troil. III. iii. 219, Rom. in. i. 120.
2 tender, gentle R3 iii. vii. 210.
effig'ies (not pre-S.): likeness AYL. ii. vii. 196.
efftise : pouring out 3H6 ii. vi. 28 effuse of blood.
effusion : shedding (of blood, of tears) John v. ii.
49, H5 III. vi. 142, 1H6 v. i. 9; concr. Meas. in.
i. 'iOThe mere e. of tliy proper /o/)is( = thy children).
eftest: (?) most convenient Ado iv. ii. 39. T] An
unexplained blunder of Dogberry's.
eftsoons: shortly, soon Per. v. i. 256.
egal (Fi) : equal Mer. V. in. iv. 13, Tit. JV. iv. 4 ; so
eg-ally R3 in. vii. 212.
egg' (both uses appear to be only S.)
1 taken as a type of a worthless tiling AH'sW. IV.
iii. 282 He will steal, sir, an e. out of a cloister,
Wint. I. ii. 162 Will you take e-s for money ?.
2 applied contemptuously to a young person Mac.
IV. ii. 81 What! yoneyy! Youny fry of treachery !.
egg-shell: = egg 1, Ham. iv. iv. 53.
eglantine: sweet-briar MND. ii. i. 2.52.
egma: rustic's blunder for 'enigma' LLL. III. i. 75
Ao lyiiiti, no nddk.
EZ.F
egregious (obs. use): very great 115 iv. iv. 11.
E&yptian : (?) gypsy Oth. in. iv. 57 ; E. thief,
a robber in the Greek romance of ' Theagenes and
Chariclea', who attempted to kill Chariclea,
whom he loved Tw.N. v. i. 122.
eight: in e. and six, in alternate verses of eight
and six syllables each, the common ballad metro
MND. III. i. 25.
eight-penny: of little value, trifling 1H4 in. iii.
118. ^Cf. 'To giue the vtmost earnest of her
loue, to an cight-pennie Sentinell ' (Chapmanj.
eisel (old edd. esill, esile, eysell) : vinegar Ham v
i. 298, Sonn. cxi. 10.
either: =' each other' Tp. i. ii. 447, H5 ii. ii. 106,
Rom. II. vi. 29, Sonn. xxviii. 5 ; e. which, either
one or the other Ham. iv. vii. 13. ^ Either is one
syll. in R3 i. ii. 64, C»s. iv. i. 23, Mac. v. vii. 18.
eke vb.: to increase, add to Mer.V. in. ii. 23 (cf.
ECHE); eke out, to supplement AYL. i. ii. 211.
All'sW. II. v. 80.
eke adv.: also Wiv. i. iii. 103, MND. iii. i. 100.
eltoow sb.: rub the e., show oneself pleased, chuckle
LLL. v. ii. 109, 1H4 v. i. 77.
elbow vb.: to jog Lr. iv. iii. 44 ; cf. 2H4 1. ii. 80 Go,
pluck hnn by the elbow.
eld: old age Meas. ni. i. 36 palsied e., Troil. ii. ii.
104 nrinkled eldf (Ff old, Q elders) ; people of
olden times Wiv. iv. iv. 37 The superstitious idle-
heculed eld.
elder sb. : heart of e., jocular alteration of ' heart of
oak', = faint heart Wiv. n. iii. 30.
elder adj.: older (freq.) Mer.V. iv. i. 251 How muck
more e. art thou than thy looks ! ; more advanced,
belonging to a later period R2 ii. iii. 43 e. days,
Cym. V. i. 14 ;— sb. aged person 2H4 n. iv. 281,
Ca;s. I. ii. 7 ; senator Cor. i. i. 232, n. ii. 47.
elder-gun: popgun made of a hollowed shoot of
elder, i.e. a harmless weapon H5 iv. i. 213.
TI ' Elderne gun ' is used by Sir T. Overbury, a
Warwickshire-bred man, and ' eller-gun ' is
found in the mod. Cheshire dialect.
eldest: oldest, earliest Tp. v. i. 186, Err. I. i. 124,
Hani. in. iii. 37.
elect : to pick out, select Meas. i. i. 18, 1H6 iv. i. 4.
element (1 tliLs sense colours the whole word)
1 general name for earth, water, air, and fire,
which wero held in ancient and mediaeval
philosophy to be the simple substances of which
all material bodies are compounded ; hence, a con-
stituent part of a whole, material or immaterial ;
pi. materials Tp. in. iii. 61 the e-s Of whom, your
swords are temper'd. Ado n. i. 359 There's little of
the melancholy e. in her, Tw.N. i. v. 296, ii. iii. 10
JJoes not our life consist of the four e-s ?, R2lir. iii.
55, H5 III. vii. 23, H8 i. i. 48' no e. ( = no com-
ponent part), Troil. i. iii. 41 the two moist e-s,
Ca^s. v. V. 73 tlie e-s So mix'd in him, Hiim. iv.
vii. 181, Oth. II. iii. 60, Ant. n. vii. 51 the e-s once
OH/o/(/(=atitsdissolution), V. ii.291, Sonn. xl v. 5.
2 the air, atmosphere, or sky Tw.N. i. i. 26, 2H4
IV. iii. 58 the cinders of the c, H5 iv. i. 108, Cas.
T. iii. 128 the complexion of the e., Lr. in. i. 4.
3 pi. atmospheric agencies or powers, sometimes =
heavens Tp. I. i. 25 command these e-s to silence,
V. i. 317, Cor. i. x. 10 liy the e-s, Lr. iii. ii. 16,
Oth. II. i. 45, Ant. in. ii. 40; (?)tlie celestial
spheres of ancient astronomy Oth. in. iii. 465
Your e-s that clip ns round about.
4 that one oftlie'fourelcments' which is the natural
abode of a being, (hence) appropriate or natural
surroundings or sphere Wiv. iv. ii. 190 beyond
our e., Tw.N. in. i. 66, in. iv. 139 not of your e.,
Lr. II. iv. 58, Ant. v. ii. W above The e. they liv'd in.
elf vb. (S.): to twist, tangle Lr, ii. iii. 10.
ELF-LOCKS -
68
-ENAMELL'D
elf-locks: tangled mass ofliair .supposod to bo duo
to tlie agency of elves Koni. i. iv. 91.
elf-skin: used contemptuously of a tliin slight
man 1H4 ii. iv. 274 (Hanmef eel-skini, cf. John
T. i. 141, •2H4ni. ii. 354j.
eliad : see ceili.ade.
ell: 45 inches Err. in. ii. 113, Rom. ii. iv. 91.
elm : with ref. to the practice of training vines on
elms Err. ir. ii. 178 Tlioii art an c, mij husband, I
n line, 2H4 ii. iv.3()3 tlinu dead e. (? = poor support).
else (in MND. v. i. 229 Jior c. =nor, as or f. freq. =or)
1 a nytliing besides, such like John II. i.276i;a4tor(/4-,
iind the.
2 in another place or direction Gent. iv. ii. 127
since the substance of your perfect self Is e. devoted,
Err. V. i. 50.
3 = ' if it is not believed ' John iv. i. 108 the fire is
ihiid nitli (jriff, . . . sfc else yourself.
Eliie : in old edd. =- Elbe, H5 i. ii. 45, 52.
elvish: Err. ii. ii. 194o((/s, and e.f sprites {Fi Oides
and Spriylits, Fq and Elves Spriyhts) ; elvish-
mark'd, marked at birth by malignant fairies
rv3 I. iii. 228.
Elysiuui (old edd. Elizium) : in Greek mythology,
the abode of the blessed after death Gent. ir. vii.
38 ; state of perfect happiness H5 iv. i. 294.
emballing' (S.): probably used in an indelicate
seiLse ; explained by comm. as 'investing with
the ball as the emblem of royalty ' H8 ii. iii. 47.
einbar<iueinent : laying under embargo, (hence)
hindrance, impediment Cor. i.x. 22 £'-.'( «//o//(i»v/.
enibassade: mission as ambassador 3H6 iv. iii. 31
^ylll II 111111 disfjrac'd me in my embassade.
embassador : freq. form of ' anibassador ' in old edd .
embassage : errand Ado i. i. 290, ii. i. 280 do you
any e. to the Piymies ; message LLL. v. ii. 98, B2
HI. iv. 93, K3 II. i. 3, Sonn. xxvi. 3 To thee I send
this icritten emhassaye (Qi umhassnye).
embassy (3 not recorded outside S.)
1 mission of an ambassador LLL. i. 1. 133 comes in
e., John I. i. 99, Troil. iv. v. 215.
2 ambassador's commission or message LLL. ii. i.
3, John I. i. 6 hear the embassy, H5 i. i. 95.
3 message (esp. of love) Wiv. iii. v. 135 e. ofmeetinij,
Tw.X. I. v. 177, Wint. l. i. 31 loiiny embassies.
em.battle: to draw up in battle array Wiv. ii. ii.
205, John IV. ii. 200 e-d (4 syll.) and rank'd, H5
IV. ii. 14 ; also intr. to be drawn up Ant. iv. i.\. 3
ire shall embattle By the second hour.
embay'd : locked in a bay 0th. ii. i. 18.
ember-eves: the vigil of an Ember day Per. i.
Gower 6.
em.blaze : to set forth, as with a heraldic device
2H<i IV. X. 75 To emblaze the lionour.
embodied: united to another as if in one body
AU'sW. V. iii. 174 / by vow am so embodied yours.
em.boss: to drive (a hunted animal) to extremity,
close round (fig.) All'sW. in. vi. 106.
embossed' (old edd. imbost, imbossed): swollen,
tumid AYL. ii. vii. 67 e. sores, 1H4 in. iii. 176 e.
rascal, Lr. n. iv. 227 embossed carbuncle.
embossed = : foaming at the mouth from exhaustion
Shr. Ind. i. 17 the poor cur is e-d. Ant. iv. xi.
[xiii.] 3 the hoar of Thessaly "Was never so e-'d; cf.
Tim. V. i. 222 his embossed froth.
embounded fnot prc-S.) : confined John iv. iii. 1.37.
embowel: to disembowel 1H4 v. iv. 109, 111, 153 v.
ii. 10; tig. to empty AH'sW. i. iii. 249.
embrace (1 is not recorded before S.)
1 to welcome as a friend, companion, or the like
Cor. IV. vii. 10, Tim. i. i. 45, Cyni. in. iv. 179
Witli joij he Will e. yon ; to welcome or receive (a
thing) .joyfully Ado i. i. 100, Tw.N. n. v. 161 1150],
E2 I. iii. 89 e. His yoldcn uncontroll'd enfranchise-
mint, Troil. iv. i. 14, Ham. v. ii. 266 ; (hence) to
submit to with resignation Wiv. v. v. 263 [251]
What cannot be eschew'd must he e-'d, Mac. in. i.
137 embrace the fate Of that dark hour.
2 to cherish, devote oneself to.ding to Mer.V. n.
viii. 62 liis e-d heaviness, AYL. i. ii. 191 e. your
own safety, R2 I. iii. 184, Ant. in. xi. [xiii.] 56.
embrasure (S.): embrace Troil. iv. iv. 37.
embrue: old spelling of imbrue.
eminence (not pre-S. in any of its senses)
1 the e. of, the advantage of Troil. ii. iii. 269.
2 acknowledgement of superiority, homage Mac.
III. ii. 31 Present him eminence.
Enimanuel: formerly written at the head of deeds,
letters, &c. 2H6 iv. iL 110.
emmew : see enew.
empale : old spelling of impale.
emperial: blunder^for 'imperial' Tit. IV. iv. 40,
for ' emperor ' Tit. iv. iii. 93. [90.
emperor (occas. use): commander Ant. iv.xii. [xiv.]
empery (1 late exx. of this sense)
1 status of emperor Tit. i. i. 22, 201.
2 absolute dominion H5 i. ii. 226 Ruliwj in large
uiul ample oiipcry O'er France, Tit. i. i. 19.
3 territory of an emperor or absolute ruler, empire
R3 in. vii. 135, Cym. i. vi. 120.
em.phasis : intensity of feeling Ham. v. i. 277 whose
yriif litars such an e.; emphatic expression (S.)
Ant. I. V. 68 Be chok'd with such ernother e. .'.
empiric : quack All'sW. n. i. 125. ^ The empirics
were an ancient sect of physicians who drew
their rules of practice entirely from experience.
empiricutic (S.; coined word put in the mouth of
Menenius): empirical, quackish Cor. ii. i. 130
the most sovereii/n prescription in Galen is but e.
(Fi iEmptrickqutique; F34 Empericktique, whence
some mod. odd. empirictic).
employ (obs. use) : to send (a person) with a com-
mission somewhere Ant. in. iii. 36 I will e. thee
back ayain, v. ii. 10 e. me to him, Cym. 11. iii. 68
To employ you toivards this Roman.
employment (' business, occupation ' is the usual
sense)
1 (one's) service John i. i. 198 At your employment.
2 purpose, use R2 i. i. 90 /or lewd e-s. [11-
empoison : to destroy Ado in. i. 86, Cor. v. v. [vi.]
empress : 3 syll. in Tit. i. i. 240, &c.
empty-hearted : unfeeling Lr. i. i. 155.
emulate: ambitious Ham. i. i. S'H emulate pride.
emulation (2 is the most Ireq. S. use)
1 endeavour or ambition to equal or excel Cor. i.
X. 12, Lucr. 1808.
2 ambitious or jealous rivalry, contention between
rivals 1H6 iv. i. 113 Such factious e-s, R3 n. iii.
25, Troil. n. ii. 212, C«s. n. iii. 14.
3 grudge against the superiority of others Troil. i.
iii. 134 an envious ferer Of pale and bloodless e.
emulator: disparager AYL. i. i. 152.
emuloiis: (in a good sense) ambitious Troil. iv. i.
28; (in a bad sense) envious Troil. 11. iii. 81 e.
factions, 245, in. iii. 189.
enact sb.: purpose, resohition (S.) Tit. iv. ii. 119.
enact vb. (2 echoed in mod. use from S. ; 3 Crowley,
1616, has 'enact a murder')
1 to ordain, decree Mer.V. iv. i. 349, lH6v. iv. 123,
Lucr. 529.
2 to personate (a character) on the stage, play (a
part) Tp. IV. i. 121 to e. My present fancies, Ham.
III. ii. 109 I did enact .Julius Casar.
3 to accomplish, perform IH61. i. 1>2 E-ed wonrlers,
111. i. I16»7((i/ murder tooHath been e-ed, R3 v. iv.2.
enacture'' (S.): performance, fulfilment Ham. in.
ii. 209 Tlieir own (tinctures (Qi| ; Fi en{n)actors).
enaniell'd : having nuluiall v a hard bhin v surface
ENCZ:i.AI>XJS -
r,9
— ENGAGEMEITT
Gent. 11. vii. 28 e. slones, MND. ii. i. 255 e. skin.
Enceladus: giant of ancient story Tit. iv. ii. 94.
enchafed: excited, irritated Cym. iv. ii. 174;
tniious, angry Otii. ii. i. 17 the encliafcJ food.
enchant (fig. uses) : to influence as if by a clianii,
hold spelibound, attract as if by magic 1H6 iir.
iii. 40, Otli. I. ii. 63, Cym. i. vi. 167, Compl. 128.
enchantment : applied to a person (cf. dread sb.)
"Wiiit. IV. iii. [iv.)447.
enchas'd: adorned as with gems 2H6 i. ii. 8.
enclog' (S.) : to hinder 0th. ii. i. 70 (Qq do;/).
encompass: to outwit, take advantage of, 'get
nmnd' (S.) Wiv. li. ii. 161.
encompassment : ' talking round ' a subject (S.)
Hani. 11. i. 10 iltis e. and drift of qucdion.
encounter sb. (the sense of 'meeting, friendly or
liostile' is the common one ; 1,2, andSaie oiilyS.)
1 amatory meeting Wiv. iii. v. 76, Meas. iii. i. 26:i,
Ado III. iii. 160 lliia aiuinhle c, iv. i. 91, AU'sW.
III. vii. 32, Troil. iii. ii. 217.
2 accosting, address Gent. li. vii. 41.
3 style or manner of address, behaviour Shr. iv. v.
54, Wint. 111. ii. 50, Ham. ii. ii. 164 Mark the e.,
V. ii. 199 outward habit of encounter.
encounter vb. (the foil, are peculiar to S.)
1 to go to meet Ado i. i. 100 the fashion of the world
is to avoid cost, and you e. it ; used bombastically -
to go towards Tw. N. in. i. 83 Wilt you e. the house ?.
2 to light upon, befall Wint. ii. i. 20 <jood time e.
her.', Cym. i. vi. 112.
encounterer : ' forward ' person (S.) Troil. iv. v. 58.
encrimson'd: red like crimson Compl. 201. ^J A
S. coinage, echoed by mod. writers.
encumber'd: (?) folded Ham. i. v. ll-i arms e.
end sb. (some obs. or unusual phrases arc given
below ; see also an-end, latter end)
1 extremity, extreme part ; at the anu's end, at
arm's length AYL. ii. vi. 10 ; at the stave's ind.
Tw.N. V. i. 295.
2 pi. fragments Ado i. i. 298 old ends, R3 i. iii.^7
odd old ends (Qq old odd ends). ^ ^k
3 conclusion, close; ane., no more AU'sW. ii.~.
69, Cor. V. iii. 171 ; and there an e., this shall be
tlie end, no more Gent. i. iii. 65, R2 v. i. 69, Mac.
m. iv. 80 ; at an e., concluded, exhausted LLL. v.
ii. 431, 3H6III. ii. 81 ; foran e., to cut tliematter
short Cor. ir. i. 263 ; haee {an) e., be finished, com-
pleted, concluded Lr. v. i. 45, Ant. i. ii. 99, Sonn.
xcii. 6 ; HO drew toward e. (Ff) K3 in. vii. 20(Qqi2 4
j/rewtoanend).
4 death, destruction ; be the end (of a pei-son) 2H4
IV. iv. 130, R3 II. i. 15; take his end, meet his
death 2H6 i. iv. 36.
5 to as much e., to as much purpose H8 I. i. 171 ;
IS the end of, is at the ' bottom ' of H8 ii. i. 40.
end vb. : to get (a crop) in Cor. v. v. [vi.] 37 /. . . holp
to reap the fame Which he did end all his (= garner
as all his own). ^Current in Wanvickshiie,
Worcestersliire, and Herefordshire.
end-all: thatwhidi ends all Mac. I. vii. 5. ^ Known
dial, in the sense of ' finishing stroke '.
endart (S.) : to shoot as a dart Rom. i. iii. 98.
endeared (2 a common 17th c. sense)
1 enhanced in value, made more precious John iv.
ii. 228 to be endeared to a kiwi, Sonn. xxxi. 1.
2 bound by obligation 2H4 ii. iii. 11, Tim. i. ii. 236
so virtuously bouiul, . .. So injtnitely e-'d, in. ii.36.
ender: my oriyinande., my beginning and my end,
source of my life and death Compl. 222.
ending": vbl. sb. death John v. vii. 5, H5 iv. i. 166,
Lucr. 1612 ; ppl. adj. dying 2H4 iv. v. 78.
endurance (occurs thrice ; also indurance in old
and mod. edd. ; 2 the phrase is taken from Foxe's
account of Craumer's trial ; 3 not pre-S.)
1 patience Ado it. i. 248 pn\l the (. of a b.'ock.
2 imprisonment, durance H8 v. i. 122 * to have heard
you, Without endurance further.
3 hardship Per. v. i. 138.
endure: used with adverbial phrase or complement
to denote continuance in a place or state Cor. i.
vi. 58 to e. friends, Lucr. 1659 my mind . . . still
pure Doth in her poison'd closet yet endure.
enemy: the devil Meas. ii.ii. 180, Tw.N. ii. ii.29:—
as adj. = hostile Mer.V. iv. i. 448 hold out e. for
ever, Cor. iv. iv. 24 This e. town, Lr. v. iii. 222,
Ant. iv. xii. [xiv.] 71.
enewt: to drive (a fowl) into the water Meas. in.
i. 89 Whose . . . deliberate ii'ord . . . follies doth e. As
falcon doth </(«/o(tinFf misprinted «)/i))ic(t', some
mod. edd. enmew). •(J An old hawking term.
enfeoff: to surrender 1H4 iii. ii. 69.
enfolding's: clothes Wint. tv. iii. [iv.] 759.
enforce (also inforce ; the sense of compelling thi'
observance of a law is post-S.)
1 to drive by force 2H4 iv. i. 71 e-'d from our most
quiet spliere By the roxigh torrent of occasion, H5
IV. vii. 66 as swift as stoties Ed from the old
Assyrian slinys.
2 to obtain or produce by physical or moral force
LLL. ill. i. 79, IV. i. 82, AYL. ii. iii. 32 e. A thievish
livinij, John i. i. 18, H5 in. vii. 31, Tim. v. iv. 45,
Ant. I. iii. 7, Lucr. 1%1 As from this cold flint I en-
forc'd this fire.
3 to use force upon C«s. iv. iii. Ill ; (hence) press
upon, urge (a person) Cor. iii. iii. 3.
4 to urge the pei-formance of (a thing) R2 iv. i. 90
ve will e. his trial. Cor. ill. iii. 21, Lr. ii. iii. 20
Enforce their charity.
6 to put forwai'd strongly, lay stress upon Meas.
V. i. 262, Cor. ii. iii. 227, Caes. in. ii. 43 his (/lory
■not extenuated ; . . . nor his offences e-d, Ant. ii. ii.
103 ; absol. Ant. v. ii. 124.
6 to obtrude (a tiling) on AU'sW. n. i. 129.
enforced (also inforced in old and mod. edd.)
1 ravished, violated MND. iii. i. 209 somee. chastity.
Tit. v. iii. 38, Cym. iv. i. 19, Lucr. 668.
2 compelled : (i) involuntary Mer.V. v. i. 240, John
V. ii. 30, R2 I. iii. 264 an e. pilfirimaye, Lr. i. ii.
139 ; (ii) constrained, forced R3 iii. v. 9 e. smiles,
Cajs. IV. ii. 21.
enforcedly : under compulsion Tim. iv. iii. 242.
enforcement: compulsion, constraint 2H4 1. i. 120,
ii3 in. vii. 231 ; violation R3 in. vii. 8, Lucr. 1623.
enfranched : enfranchised Ant. in. xi. [xiii.] 149.
enfranchise (2 is freq.)
1 to set free from political subjection Ant. i. i. 23.
2 to release from confinementTit. iv. ii. 126.
enfree : to set free Troil. iv. i. 38 ; soenfreedom
LLL. III. i. 130.
eng'ag'e (the S. uses are the foil.)
1 to pledge, pawn, mortgage Tim. ii. ii. 156 let all
III)/ land be sold. — 'Tis (dl e-'d ; to keep as a hostage
lH4iv. iii. 95, v. ii. 43.
2 to pledge (one's word, one's honour, &c.) Err. v.
i. 162, AYL. V. iv. 173 I do e. my life, 1H4 ii. iv.
671 [563], Ca;s. ii. i. 127, 0th. iii. i'ii. 463 / here
engage iiiy icords.
3 to bind (one) by a promise or undertaking Ado
IV. i. 339, LLL. iv. iii. 178 the low I am e-d in,
K2 I. iii. 17, Troil. v. iii. 68 e-d to many Greeks.. .
to appear . . . to them.
4 to entangle, involve Ham. iii. iii. 69 0 limid soul,
that struggling to be free Art more engaged !.
5 to enlist ; rcil. and pass, to embark on an enter-
prise 1H4 I. i. 21 impressed ande-'d to fight, Troil.
n. ii. 124, v. v. 39, Ant. iv. vii. 1.
eng'ag'ement : what one is pledged to do Caes. ii.
i. 307 All my engagements I ivill construe to Hiee.
6
ENGAOI. -
70
-ENTERTAIN
engfaol: to imprison R2 i. iii. 166. [ISl.
engild : to bricliten with golden light MND. iii. ii.
engine (tlio tollowing arc the only S. senses)
1 aititicc, contiivanc'e, device, plot AU'sW. in. v.
20fi« these e-s of iiist, Tit. ii. i. 123, Otli. iv. ii. 221
mgines for in;) life.
2 mechanical contrivance, machine, implement
Gent. in. i. 138 «« e. (viz. a rope ladder) // /or i;i.;/
nroceedinq ; fig. Yen. 367 the e. of her thoughts (viz.
her tongiie) ; instrument of warfare Tp. ii. i. 168,
Troil. I. iii. 208, ii. iii. 144 <in e. Aot jwlnhlc, Cor.
V. iv. 20, 0th. III. iii. 356 you mortal e-s (viz.
cannons) ; cf Tit. v. iii. 86 the fatal e. (viz. the
Trojan horse) ; instniment of torture Lr. i. iv. 292.
enginer (1 most mod. edd. ingener)
1 inventor 0th. ii. i. 65 (Fi Ingcniucr).
2 maker of military engines or works Troil. ii. iii.
8 a rare e., Ham. in. iv. 206 to hate the e. Hoist
in'th his own petar.
engirt vb.: to surround, encircle 2H6 v. i. 99 e.
th.sr brows, Yen. 364 engirts so white a foe.
engirt pple.: surrounded, beset (lit. and fig.) 2H6
III. i. 2i'0 Mij hoil/j round e. icith niiserij, Lucr. 221,
1173 Grossli/ uKj'irt uith darinij infnmu.
Englished: put into plain English, described in
j'lain tirius Wiv. i. iii. 50.
engUit : to swallow up H5 iv. iii. 83, 0th. i. iii. 57.
engraflfed: implanted, firmly fixed Lr. i. i. 301
(Ffi 2 uujraffat, Qqi 2 ingrafted), 0th. ir. iii. 146 (Fi
ingraft) ; closely attached to 2H4 11. ii. 69.
engrafted : firmly fixed or rooted C»s. 11. i. 184
the e. love he bears to Citsar, Sonn. xxxvii. 8 / make
my love engrafted to iliis store.
engrave : pa. pple. engrav'd Gent. 11. vii. 4, 1H6
II. ii. 15; f)i(/r«ifn Lucr. 203.
engross (old and some mod. edd. also ingress)
1 to write out in a legal liand K3 in. vi. 2.
2 to get together, collect 1H4 in. ii. 148 To e. tip
f/lorioiis deeds 071 my behalf, 2H4 iv. v. 69, Ant.
HI. vii. 36 people Engross'd by swift impress.
3 to gain exclusive possession of, monopolize "Wiv.
II. ii. 207 e-ed opportunities to meet her, All'sAV.
HI. ii. 68, Rom. v. iii. 115 e-ing death, Sonn.
cxxxiii. 6.
4 to fatten R3 in. vii. 75 to engross his idle body.
engrossment: quantity collected 2H4 iv. v. 78.
enjoin : to bind (a person) as by an oath or obliga-
tion (to do something) Ado v. i. 291 any heavy
iveight That he'll e. me to, Mer.V. 11. ix. 9 e-'d by
oath to observe three things, All'sW. ill. v. 94 e-'d
potilints, "Wint. in. iii. 52.
enjoy: to have the possession or use of John n. i.
210, Ant. II. vi. 78 (do not part with), Sonn.
xxix. 8 ; absol. R2 n. iv. 14 to e. by reuje and weir.
enjoyer : possessor Sonn. Ixxv. 5.
enkindle: fig. to incite Mac. i. iii. 121.
enlard : to fatten Troil. 11. iii. 207.
enlarge (doubtful sense in Sonn. Ixx. 12 ; ? 2)
1 to widen the limits or scope of, give free scope
to, extend AViv. 11. ii. 23lj she e-th her mirth,
AYL. III. ii. 152 fill'd ^Yilh all graces nide e-'d,
2H4 I. i. 204, Troil. v. ii. 35, Ham. v. i. 248 Her
obsequies have been as far e-'d. . .; to give vent to
C.ies. IV. ii. 46 enlarge your griefs.
2 to set at liberty Tw.N. v. i. 288, H5 11. ii. 40 E.
ihi man committed yesterday, 57.
enlargement (1 is the usual S. use)
1 release from confinement LLL. in. i. 5, 1H4 111.
i. 31, 1H6 II. v. 30, 3H6 iv. vi. 5.
2 freedom of action Cym. 11. iii. 125.
enlighten (once): to shed lustre upon Sonn.dii. 11.
enlink (once): to connect 115 111. iii. IS.
enmesh (not pre-S.) : to entangle Otli. 11. iii, 371.
enmew : .see enew.
enormity: irregularity, monstrosity Cor. n. i. 18.
enormous: disordered, irregular Lr. n. ii. 176.
enow: pi. form of 'enough' Mer.V. in. v. 23, H5
IV. i. 243 ne have Frencit quarrels e., iv. ii. 28, iv.
iii. 20, lH6v. iv. 50, Mac. iv. ii. 55, Ant. i. iv. 11.
enpatron: to have under one's patronage Compi.
224 :Since I their altar, you enpatron me.
enpierced (S.) : pierced Kom. i. iv. 19 (Qq Fi en-
jiiKrccd, Ff2 3 impcarced, F4 impierced).
enraged: maddened with love or desire, ardent
Ado II. iii. 112 she loves him with an. e. affection,
Yen. 29, 317 ; violent 2H4 i. i. 144 wy limbs . . .
being now enrag'd with grief. [i. i. 115.
enrank (not pre-S.) : to draw up in battle array IHG
enrapt (not pre-S.) : 'carried away' Troil. v. iii. 65.
enridged (S.): thrown into ridges Lr. iv. vi. 72
lidi'd like the enridged sea (Qqi2 ; Fi enrageel).
enrolled: written, as a deed, on a roll or parch-
ment LLL. I. i. 38, &c.
enrooted : entangled as root with root (S.) 2H4 iv.
i. 2' 17 His foes are so enrootid with his friends.
enrotind : to surround H5 iv. Chor. 3G.
enschedul'd (S.) : written down H5 v. ii. 73.
ensconce (old edd. also insconce; not pre-S.; in
mod. use chiefly a revival from S.)
1 to shelter behind or within a 'sconce', earth-
work, or fortification, (hence fig.) AViv. it. ii. 28,
EiT. II. ii. 38, All'sW. n. iii. 4, Luer. 1515 (herein
so e-'d liis secret evil, Sonn. xlix. 9.
2 refl. to place oneself in a position of concealment
or security Wiv. in. iii. 96 e. me behind the arras.
enseamed: (properly) loaded with grease, greased ;
(hence fig.) Ham. in. iv. 92.
ensear (S.): to dry up Tim. n-. iii. 188.
e'nshield (S.) : usually taken as= ' enshielded ' but
the accent is peculiar Meas. 11. iv. 81.
ensinewed: see insinewed.
enskied : placed in heaven Meas. i. iv. 34.
ensteep'd (S.): lying under water 0th. n. i. 70.
ensue (rare use in AVint. iv. Chor. [i.] 25 what of
her ciisuf«=wliat becomes other)
1 to follow upon, succeed R2 11. i. 198 Let not to-
morrow then ensue to-day, Lucr. 502.
2 to follow as a logical conclusion AYL. i. iii. 33.
entail sb.: succession of estate; phrase cut the e,
All'sAV. IV. iii. 316.
entail vb.: to bestow as an inalienable possession
3HG I. i. 194 I lure e. The crown to thee ; to appoint
(a person) heir 3H6 i. 1. 235 To e. him and his
heirs unto tlie croioi.
entame (not pre-S.): to subdue AYL. in. v. 48.
enter sb. : entrance on the stage LLL. v. i. 145.
enter vb. (the ordinaiy physical senses occur)
1 intr. and pass, to bind oneself by a bond, &c. Err.
IV. iv. 127 / am here e-ed in bond for you, R2 v. ii.
65 some bond lie's e-ed into : to engage in Ado 11.
iii. 214 [203] e. into a quarrel, 0th. in. iii. 412
enter' d in this cause.
2 to engage in (conversation) 1H6 iii. i. 63.
3 to introduce Ant. iv. xii. |xiv.] 113.
4 to instruct, initiate Al^sA\^ 11. i. 6 After well e-'d
soldiers, Cor. i. ii. 2 e-'d in our counsels ; of.
WAX-ENTERED.
5 to bring (an action) before the court in due form
2H4 II. i. 1 have yim e-d the action ? (Dyce cxion).
entertain sb.: reception Per. i. i. 119.
entertain vb. (4 the current mod. meaning of
' amuse ' does not emerge)
1 to keep up, maintain (a state of things) Meas.
III. i. 73, Mer.Y. i. i. 90, Lucr. 1514.
2 to lake into one's service Gent. 11. iv. 105, Ado 1.
iii. Wc-fdfor nperfumer, R3 1. ii. 258, Cses. v. v. 60.
3 to treat Wiv. 11. i. 88, Shr. 11. i. 245 with mildness
e-'sl thy wooers, 1H6 I, iv. 38, Lr. I. iv. C3.
ENTESTAnTEB -
i to engage a person's attention or thoughts Wiv.
II. i. 08 to e. hint Kith hope, Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 53
ioe. ihcm sprii/htly ; to discourse with Tp. iv. i. 75.
5 to occupy, wliile away (time) Lucr. 13bl.
6 to engage (an enemy) H5 i. ii. 111.
7 to receive Err. iil. i. I:i0 Siuce wine oicn doors re-
fuse to e. me, AYL. in. ii. 443, R.3 i. iv. 136 there's
few or none will e. it (viz. conscience), Tim. i. ii.
194 hi the presents Be northilij entertain d. [17.
entertainer : one who cherishes a feeling Tp. ii. i.
entertainment (2 cf. note on entertain)
1 maintaining a person in one's service, employ
AU'sW. HI. vi. 12, iv. i. 17 «' the adiersary's e.,
tor. IV. iii. 49, 0th. in. iii. 250, Ant. iv. vi. 17 c,
but Xo honourable trust.
2 way of spending (time) LLL. v. i. 129.
3 reception (of persons), manner of reception,
(hence) treatment Tp. i. ii. 402 /»'/W resist saeh «.,
Meas. ni. ii. 231 the e. of death, Shr. ii. i. 54, in.
i. 2, Cor. IV. V. 10 / hare desero'd no better e. , Hani.
II. ii. a37. Ant. in. xi. [xiii.] 140, Cym. i. iv. 172;
JoliH Druui's e., 'which is, to halo a man in liy
the lieado, and thrust liim out by hntli the
shouklcis ' (Holinshed) All'sW. in. vi. 40.
4 accommodation for guests, esp. provision for the
table AYL. n. iv. 73, iv. iii. Ha fresh array tout
entertainment, Wint. i. i. 9, Lr. ii. iv. 209.
5 meal, repast Tim. i. ii. 154.
enter-tissued: see intektissued.
entire (stressed e'/i^oe when immediately preceding
a mouusyllabic sb. or one stressed on the first
syll. LLL. II. i. 130, 2H4 ii. iv. 357 ; othenvise
entt're)
1 unmixed, pure 2H4 ii. iv. 357 pure fear and c.
cowardice, Lr. I. i. 243'* Aloof from the e. point.
2 unfeigned, sincere Shr. iv. ii. 23.
entirely (2 a common sense 1340-1720)
1 without intermission Meas. iv. ii. 157.
2 heartily, sincerely Ado iii. i. 37 lores Beatrice so
e., Mer. V. in. ii. 226 They are e. welcome, All'sW.
I. iii. 105, Lr. I. ii. 107, 0th. ill. iv. 113.
entitled i)t : having a claim to or upon LLL. v. ii.
820 Seither e. in tlie other's heart, Sonn. xxxvii. 7
Knlitlid in thy parts. See also intituled.
entrance (3 syll. in Rom. i. iv. 8, Per. n. iii. 04 old
edd. enterance, and Mac. i. v. 40) : 1H4 i. i. 5 the
thirsty e. of this soil, ' the parched surface of the
eartli ' ; Shr. il. i. bifor an e., as an entrance fee.
entranc'd : in a swoon Per. in. ii. 94.
entreasured (not pre-S.) : stored up 2H4 iii. i. 85,
Per. III. ii. 65.
entreat sb. : entreaty R3 in. vii. 223 (Fi entreaties),
Tit. I. i. 449, 483 (Fi rnlreats).
entreat vb. (the sense ' ask earnestly ' is the usual
one, and occurs with various constructions)
1 to treat R2 in. i. 37, 2H6 n. iv. 82, 3H6 i. i. 271,
R3 IV. iv. 152, Troil. iv. iv. 113.
2 to beguile, pass (the time) Rom. I\^ i. 40.
3 to enter into negotiations 2H6 iv. iv. 9 I'll send
some holy bishop to e. ; (hence) to intei'cede, plead
AYL. IV. iii. 74, Lr. in. iii. 6. [i. iii. 122.
entreatment'' : conversation, interview (S.) Ham.
entrench: to cut All'sW. n. i. 45 this very sirord
e-ed if. ^ A meaning recorded otherwise only
from Spenser 'A wide wound therein . . . En-
trenched deep.'
envenom : to kill by poison, (hence) destroy AYL.
n. iii. 15, John in. i. 63.
envious : malicious, spiteful (the more freq. S.
sense) LLL. l. i. 100 an e. sneapiny frost, R2 ii. i.
62 the e. sieye, 2H6 iii. i. 167 The e. load (=load of
malice). Ham. iv. vii. 174.
enviously : maliciously Ham. iv. v. 6.
envy sb, ; ill-will, malice (Ireq.)Tp. i. ii. 258, Mer. V.
n -ESFEBANCE
IV. i. 10 carry we Out of his e-'s reach, Tw.N. n.
i. 31, 3H6 III. iii. 127 Exempt from c, R3 is'. i. 99
Whom enry hath immur'd.
envy: Cor. in. iii. 56 Bather than e. yon, rather
than such as show malice towards you ; 93 F.nciid
against, showed malice towards. ^ The stressing
varies e'nry, enry'.
enwheel : to encircle 0th. ir. i. 87.
enwombed : born of (my) womb All'sW. I. iii. 152.
Ephesian : boon companion AViv. iv. v. 19, 2H4
II. ii. 164.
epicure : luxurious person, sybarite Mac. v. iii. 8
minijle with the Eniflisli epicures, Ant. li. vii. 59.
Epicurean : luxurious, sensual Wiv. n. ii. 304 A'.
rascal; suited to the taste of an epicure (S.) Ant.
n. i. 24 Kpicu'rean cooks.
Epicurism: luxury Lr. i. iv. 2C7.
Epicurus: an Athenian philosopher (about 300 B.C.)
Cas. V. i. 77.
epig'ram: short poem ending with a witty or
ingenious turn of thought Ado v. iv. 103.
epileptic: ' distorted and pale like that of a man
in a lit of epilepsy ' (Wright) Lr. ii. ii. 86.
epithet: term, phrase, expression (S.) Ado v. ii.
69 ' Suffer lore,' a good e..', LLL. iv. ii. 8, v. i. 17,
v. ii. 171, 0th. I. i. 14 epithets of tear.
epitheton (earlier form of 'epithet'): adjective
indicating some characteristic quality or attri-
bute LLL. I. ii. 15 (Qi a-pethaton, t'l Q2 apathuton).
epitome (occurs once) : representation in miniature
(not pre-S.) Cor. v. iii. 68.
equal adj.:
1 forming a perfect balance or counterpoise Meas.
II. iv. 69 e. poise ( = equipoise), Mer.V. i. iii. 150
an e. pound (=s\,i\ exact pound), 2H4 iv. i. 67 c.
balance, 2H0 n. i. 202 justice' e. scales. Ham. i. ii.
13 ; fig. equally balanced AY'L. i. ii. 190 ii more e.
enterprise, Lucr. 1791.
2 ftiir, just, impartial LLL. iv. iii. 384, H8 n. iv. 16.
equal vb. : to cope with 2H4 i. iii. 67.
equinoctial: for 'equator' Tw.N. n. iii. 25.
equinox : equal length of days and nights (used
fig.) Oth. II. iii. 130.
equipag'e : of better e., more richly equipped Sonu.
xxxii. 12 ; cf. in e., a military phrase meaning
orig. ' in military array ', used by Pistol app. fig.
in Wiv. II. ii. 4 (Qq).
equivalent: eaual in power Per. v. i. 92.
equivocal: amoiguous Oth. i. iii. 217 ; expressing
himself ambiguously All'sW. v. iii. 252.
Erebus: place of darkness, hell Mer.V. v. i. 87.
erg'o: therefore Err. iv. iii. 56. TJCf. akgal.
ering'o : candied root of sea holly, Eryngium
maritimum, formerly used as a sweetmeat and
regarded as an aphrodisiac Wiv. v. v. 23.
em : sec ear.n^.
errant: wandering Troil. i. iii. 9.
erroneous: deviating from the path of right,
criminal 3H6 11. v. 90 ; misguided R3 i. iv. 204.
error : transgression, wrongdoing Gent. v. iv. Ill,
LLL. V. ii. 779, Sonn. cxvii. 9.
erst: once upon a time, formerly H5 v. ii. 48.
escape (both uses are peculiarly S.)
1 sally (of wit) Meas. iv. i. 64.
2 outrageous transgression Tit. iv. ii. 114 this foul
escape, Oth. i. iii. 197. [Gower36.
escapent (old edd. escapend, escapen'd): Per. 11.
eschew : to keep clear of, escape Wiv. v. v. 263.
escot (S.) : to pay a reckoning tor, maintain Ham.
II. ii. 370 how are they escoted?.
esile : see eisel.
esperance : hope Troil. v. ii. 118, Lr. iv. i. 4 ; the
motto of the Percy family used as a battle cry
1H4 II. iii. 70, v. ii. 96 Xow, E.l Percy 1 and set on.
ESFZAIi —
72
— EVERMORE
espial : spy 1H6 i. iv. 8, iv. iii. 6, Ham. in. i. 32.
espouse (iieeuliar S. u.se): to unite in mairiage
2H(i I. i. 9 ; fig. H5 iv. vi. 26 f-'rf to death, Liui".
20 (spousal to more fame.
esquire: a man belonging to the higher oi\ler of
English gentry, ranking immediately below a
knight H5 i. i. U Six thousand and tivo hundred
(jood e-s, IV. viii. 109 Davy Gam, esquire.
essa'y : trial, proof Lr. t. ii. 48, Sonn. ex. 8.
essence {occurs 4 times in S.)
1 life, existence Phren. 26.
2 something that is, entity 0th. iv. i. 16.
3 nature Meas. ii. ii. 120 His [man's] glassy essence.
4 (one's) very being Gent. iir. i. 182 She is my essence.
essential : real Otli. ii. i. 64.
essentially: in one's essential nature 2H6 v. ii.
:{'j ; in fact, really (S.) 1H4 ii. iv. 548, Ham. iir.
iv. 1S7 I e. am not tn naidness, But mad in craft.
establish: to settle (estate) ujion Mac. i. iv. 37.
estate sb. (1 and 4 are the commonest uses)
1 state or condition Mcr.V. Jii. ii. 317 my e. is very
low, R2 iir. iv. 42, H5 iv. i. 100 what thinks he of
our e.?. Cor. n. i. 127, Lr. v. iii. 211 seen me in my
worst e.; Tw.N. v. i. 405 nuin's e. (= manhood) ;
spec, good or settled condition Mac. v. v. 50.
2 status, rank, dignity, esp. liigh rank Mer.V. ir.
ix. 41 e-s, degrees, and offices, Mac. i. iv. 37, Ham.
III. ii. 277, v. i. 243.
3 class or rank of persons (in all e-s) LLL. v. ii. 853,
R3 in. vii. 212.
4 property, possessions, fortune Mer.V. i. i. 43,
2H4 I. iii. 53, H8 i. i. 82, Cym. i. iv. 124.
5 administration of government Wint. iv. iii. [iv.]
413, John IV. ii. 128, R3 ii. ii. 127, H8 ii. ii. 70
hiisiness ofe., Ham. in. iii. 5 The terms of our e.
estate vb.: to settle or bestow upon Tp. iv. i. 85,
MND. I. i. 98, AYL. v. ii. 13.
esteem sb.:
1 supposed or estimated v.alue AH'sW. v. iii. 1.
2 account, worth 1H6 iii. iv. 8 prisoners of e., v. v.
27 another lady of esteem, Cym. v. v. 254.
3 opinion, judgement LLL. ii. i. 4 precious in the
world's esteem, MND. in. ii. 294, Mac. i. vii. 43.
4 favourable opinion 2H6 v. ii. 22 praise and e., H8
IV. i. 109 in much esteem icith the Icing.
esteem vb. (uncommon S. use) : to estimate the
value of, value Cym. i. iv.90 Whatdoyoiie. itati
esteemingf : value, worth Sonn. cii. 3.
estimable : ^^aluabIe Mer.V. i. iii. 167 ;— Tw.N. ii.
i. 28 estimable wonder (=admiring judgement).
estimate (2 not pre-S., and rare)
1 valuation, value Troil. ii. ii. 54, Tim. i. i. 14,
Sonn. Ixxxvii. 2 ; AH'sW. ll. i. 183 in thee hath e.
(has a claim to be considered in appraising thee).
2 repute, reputation R2 ii. iii. 56 None else of name
and nohlc estimate. Cor. in. iii. 112.
estimation (4 is purely S.)
1 value, worth Ado ii. ii. 25, Mer.V. li. vii. 20,
All'sAV. V. iii. 4 (cf. esteem sb. 1).
2 thing of value Troil. II. ii. 91, Cym. I. iv. V)\ your
brace of unprizeable eslimations.
3 repute, reputation Gent. ii. iv. 57 To be of worth
and worthy c., H5 in. vi. 16, Ham. ii. ii. 357 [348].
4 conjecture 1H4 i. iii. 272. [196.
estridg'e : ostrich 1H4 iv. i. 98, Ant. in. xi. [xiii.]
eternal: Ham. i. v. 21* this e. blazon (=revelation
of et(?rnity). Ant. v. i. 66 Would be e. (--would
bo etern.ally recorded); — 'usedtoexpiessextreme
abliorrence ' (Sclnnidt) Caes. i. ii. 159 Th' e. devil,
Ham. V. ii. 379 in thine e. cell, 0th. iv. ii. 130 some
e. villain ; — adv. Wint. I. ii. 65 to be boy eternal,
eterne: eternal Mac. in. ii. 38, Ham. ii. ii. 520 [512].
Ethiop : blackamoor Ado v. iv. 38 ;— adj. black
AYL. IV. iii. 36 E. words, blacker in their effect.
eunuch: in Cor. in. ii. 114 a pipe Small as an e.
usu. taken a.s = eunitch'sf, but perhaps the ref. is
to the 'eunuch flute', in playing which the per-
former hums through a hole.
even adj. (the foil, uses are now obs.)
1 uniform K2 iii. iv. 36.
2 direct, straightforward H5 iv. viii. 114 in plain
shock and e. play of battle, Ham. ll. ii. 304 be e. and
direct with me.
3 e.\act, precise AH'sW. v. iii. 331 the even truth.
4 equable, unruffled 1H4 i. iii. 286, H5 ii. ii. 3, H8
III. i. 37* I know my life so e., 165* as e. as a calm,
Ca;s. II. i. 1.33* Thee, virtue of our enterprise, Ham.
IV. iii. 7 To bear all smoolh and even.
5 equally balanced Cor. iv. vii. 37, Mac. in. iv. 10.
0 as sb. tlie e. of it, the plain truth (cf. 3 above), the
long and tlie'short of it H5 ii. i. 128.
even adv. (employed in the foil. obs. or archaic
uses ; often contracted e'en]
1 ill exact agreement Tw.N. v. i. 249 as the rest
goes e., Cym. i. iv. 50 to go e. with what I heard.
2 exactly, precisely, just Mer.V. i. iii. 50/?. there,
in. ii. 49 £. as, AYL. I. i. 92 Is it e. so?, Ven. 59
E. so, Pilgr. 147 E. thus.
3 (of time) at the same moment {wilh), just [now,
lhen)Tp. n. i. 319 [311] e. now, Cies. i. iii. 27 E. at
noonday, Cym. in. vi. 16 e. before, Sonn. Ixxi. 12
let your love even with my life decay.
4 quite, fully A\'iv. iv. vi. V2 answer'd my affect ions
e. to my wisli. Cor. i. iv. 57 a soldier E. to C'ato's wish.
5 used to emphasize theidentity of aperson, thing,
or circumstance Tp. in. i. 14 these sweet thoughts da
e. refresh my labours, Gent. n. i. 50 e. she I mean,
Mer. V. v.i.24'2I swear to thee, e. by thineown fair eyes.
even vb. (occurs thrice, in senses only S.)
1 pass, to be even or quits with 0th. n. i. 311.
2 to act up to, keep pace with AU'sW. i. iii. 3 to
even your content, Cym. in. iv. 184.
even Christian : fellow Christian Ham. v. i. 31.
even-handed : impartial Mac. i. vii. 10 e. justice.
•(] Cf. neigh with an even /mwd Mer.V. li. vii. 25.
evening mass* : (probably) mass said in the after-
noon Rom. IV. i. 38.
evenly (occurs thrice) : in a straight line, directly
(S.) 1H4 III. i. 104 run In a new channel, fair and
e., H5 II. iv. 91 e. deriv'd From his most f am' d of
famous ancestors; in an even direction orpositioii
with Ado II. ii. 7.
even-pleached: evenly intenvoven H5 v. ii. 42.
event: outcome, issue, consequence Tp. i. ii. 117,
Meas. III. ii. 258'* leave we him to his e-s ( = the
issue of his affairs), Shr. iii. ii. 130((//tr him, and
see tlie e. of this, R2 ii. i. 215, Cor. ii. i. 289*, Ham.
IV. iv. 41*, 50. ^The sense of 'happening,
occurrence ' is recorded first from S., Tit. v. iii. 204.
ever (often contracted e'er ; obs. or arch, senses are)
1 throughout all time, eternally, ' for ever' (freq^.)
Tp. IV. i. 122 Let me live lieree., Mac. v. iii. 21 ^\'lll
cheer me ever or disseat vie now.
2 with how and what forming indefinite relatives
Troil. III. iii. 96 how dearly e. parted, 0th. in. iii.
470 What bloody business ever.
ever-fired: always burning 0th. ii. i. 15 quench
the guards of the e. pole (so Qq ; Ff ever-fixed).
everlasting (1 cf. Gent. v. iv. 81; 2 cf. '1 would
. . . get mee an euerlasting robe, . . . and turne
^^erieant,' Fletcher ' Wouuin Hater' iv. ii.)
1 the Everlasting, God, Ham. l. ii. 131.
2 material used in 16tli-17th cent, for the dress of
sergeants and catchpoles, app. identical with
'durance' Err. iv. ii. 33 e. garment = ' robe of
durance', the sergeant's buff jerkin.
evermore: with negative = at any time H8 ii. iv.
129 no, nor (., Sonn. xxxvi. 9 not evermore.
EVERY—
73
— EXECUTIONER
every : adj. =eitlier, each H8 ii. iv. 50 o icise council
io tliem Of e. realm; witli pi. sb. =all severally
Tp. V. i. 249 e. These happen d accidents ; — sb. =
every one AYL. v. iv. 179 e. of this happy number,
Ant. I. ii. 40 aery of your Irishes.
evidence: witness or witnesses Ado iv. i. 37, 2H6
III. ii. 21 /me e., ofyood esteem, Lr. iir. vi. ZSIiriny
m theire., Liicr. 1650«()»ee.( = canieasa witness);
treated as a pi. R3 i. iv. 192 W'licre eire tlie ej (Ft).
evident: indubitable, certain, conclusive Cor. iv.
vii. 52, v. iii. 112 We must find An e. calamity,
Cym. n. iv. 120 some corporal siyn about her, More
evident than this. TJ A l(Hli-17tb cent. use.
evil sb.' (1 the commonest S. sense)
1 sin, crime Meas. ii. ii. 91 to do that e., R3 i. ii. 76
Oftliese supposed e-s (Ff Crimes) ...to acquit myself,
Lucr. 972 the diK£ thought of his committed evil.
2 misfortune, calamity Tw.N. ii. i. 7 bear my e-s
alone, H8 n. i. 141, Vxs. u. ii. 81, 0th. l. i. 101.
3 disease, malady AYL. ii. vii. 67 all the embossed
sores and headed c-s, Wint. ii. iii. 56, John in. iv.
114, Cor. I. i. 185 ; the e., the King's evil, scrofula
Mac. IV. iii. 146.
evil sb.=: of uncertain meaning Jleas. ii. ii. 172, H8
II. i. 67 ; interpreted by eomni. as ' jakcs, privy ',
but the meaning ' hovel ' would suit equally well.
evil adj. (about 20 instances ; much less fVeq. than
the adj. ill): occas. uses : ill-boding Troil. i. iii.
92 planets e.; unwholesome R3 i. i. V-i'-Jane. diet; —
adv. 3H6 iv. vii. 84, H8 i. ii. 207, Lr. i. i. 169.
evil-ey'd: maliciously disposed Cym. i. i, 72.
Tj ' Evil ej-e ' is not S.
evilly: with difficulty, reluctantly, impatiently
John III. iv. 149* This act see. borne (some moil,
edd. born); inappropriately, unproperlyTim.lv.
iii. 'ilO yood deeds evilly bestow'd.
evitate: to avoid Wiv. v. v. 253 [241].
exact : for stress cf. entire ; 1H4 iv. i. 46 the e'xuct
wealtli of all our states, Troil. iv. v. 231 loitk e'xuct
view, Hani. v. ii. 19 an exa'ct command, Lr. i. iv.
289 the most exn'ct reqard; — the exact, the precise,
the actual AITsW. in. vi. 64.
exacting' : exaction Meas. in. ii. 303.
exactly : perfectly, completely Ham. i. ii. 200
,1 )■)/(( d at points e., cap-a-pe ; in express terms R2
I. i. 14(1 / . . . exactly beyy'il I'our Grace's pardon.
exalt: nil. to be elated with pride Lr. v. iii. 68.
exalted : rai.sed, high Civs. i. i. 04 exalted shores.
examplesb. : paiallelcasein the past John in. iv. 13.
example vb. (2 a late 16th cent, sense) [4.
1 ti I ui ve an example of LLL. in. i. 89, Sonn. Ixxxiv.
2 tu furnish a precedent for LLL. i. ii. 122, iv. iii.
124 ///, to e. ill, John iv. iii. 50, H5 I. ii. 156, Troil.
I. iii. 132 every step, E-d by the first pace.
3 to furnish (one) with instances Tim. iv. iii. 441.
exceed: intr. to be greater or better (than some-
thing else), to be superior or pre-eminent Ado
in. iv. 17, Per. n. iii. 16, Lucr. 22'i The yuitt beniy
ijriiil, tin fear doth still exceed.
excellent adj.: surpassing, exceptionally great,
excteiling (iised in a bad sense) K3 iv. iv. 52 That
e. t/rand tyrant Tit. ll. iii. 7, Lr. i. ii. 132, Ant. i.
i. 40 E. feilsehood! ;—a,(iv. eminently, extremely
Ado III. i. 98 an e. yood name. Ham. n. ii. 174.
excellently : exceedingly Ado in. iv. 13 I like the
)itir tire within e., Troil. IV. i. 24 love . . . more e.
except (2 is peculiar to S.)
1 intr. to make objection Gent. i. iii. 83, ii. iv. 155,
Tw.N. I. iii. 7 let Iter e. before e-ed (a legal phrase
'exceptis excipiendis ' perverted).
2 trans, to object to, take exception to K2 i. i. 72,
Caes. II. i. 281*, Sonn. cxlvii. 8.
except; (without -that") All'sW. iv. iii. 303 more
...Iknoicnot;e he had the honour . .., R2i.iv.6.
exception (the sense of 'something excepted'
occurs in 1H4 i. iii. 78 proviso and e.) [ii. 25.
1 objection (to a person's status or fitness) H5 iv.
2 disapproval, dislike, dissatisfaction All'sW. i. ii.
40 uhen E. bid him speak, H5 n. iv. 34 How modest
in e., Ham. v. ii. 245 ; phrase take e-s at, to, dis-
approve, find fault with Gent. i. iii. 81, v. ii. 3,
Tw.N. I. iii. 6, 1H6 iv. i. 105, 3H6 in. ii. 46 ; so
0th. IV. ii. 211 taketi against me n most just c. (Qq
conception). [504.
exceptless (S.) : making no exception Tim. iv. iii.
excess: usury, interest (S.) Mer.V. i. iii. 63.
exchange (3 these are inaccurate uses)
1 reciprocal giving and receiving ; phrase make
(an) e. Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 650, Rom. n. iii. 62; in
e. 0/ ( = for) Wiv. n. ii. 248, 1H4 iv. ii. 14 ; in riyhl
great e., in exchange for persons of great im-
portance Troil. III. iii. 21 ; of passes in fencing
Ham. V. ii. 283 in answer of the third exchange.
2 nioneytransactionbynieansofbilIsSlir.lv. ii.89.
3 = change; substitution of one word for another
(Adum for Cam) LLL. iv. ii. 42 ; transmutation,
alteration Mer.V. n. vi. 35.
4 thing oft'ered or given in exchange Rom. ii. vi. 4
the e. of joy, Lr. iv. vi. 281 And the e. my brother .',
v. iii. 98.
exchange (1 cf. ' She . . . death for life exchanged
foolislilie,' Spenser, Faerie Queene vn. vi. 6)
1 to olitain in exchange /or LLL. iv. i. 84.
2 to change Sonn. cix. 7 not with the time exchanged.
excitement: incentive, encouragement Troil. j.
iii. 182 Excitements to the field. Ham. iv. iv. 58.
exclaim sb.: outcry R2 l. li. 2, Troil. v. iii. 91.
exclaim vb.: e. ai/ainst, protest against, rail at
Ham. n. ii. 375, Oth. ii. iii. 316, Lucr. 757, Compl.
313 ; e. on, accuse loudly, blame Mer.V. in. ii. 175,
R3 in. iii. 15, Ven. 930 e-s on Death, Lucr. 741.
exclamation : loud complaint, ' vociferous re-
proach ' (J.) John n. i. 558, R3 iv. iv. 154.
excrement: outgrowtli (of hair) Err. n. ii. 81,
LLL. V. i. 112 with my e., with my muslachio,
Mer.V. in. ii. 87 valour's e. ( = a brave man's
beard). Ham. in. iv. 120 like life in excrements.
excuse sb.: indulgence, pardon Shr. Ind. ii. 126 /
hope this reason stands for my e.. Cor. i. iii. 114
Give me e., good madam, v. v. [vi.] 69, Lucr. 235,
1715.
excuse vb. (the foil, are uses now obs.)
1 to seek to extenuate (a fault) ; used with a clause
Err. III. i. 92 site will well e. Why at this time the
doors are made against you, ; absol. MND. v. i. 364
Never excuse.
2 to maintain the innocence of, refl. to clear one-
self 2H6i. iii. 181, R3 I. ii. 82.
3 to beg off from doing (something), decline Gent.
I. iii. 71 Excuse it not, for I am peremptory.
execute (the commoner u.ses are to ' carry into
effect ', of which sense 1 is an extension, and
' intiict capital punishment on ', of which sense 2
is an extension)
1 to give practical effect to (a passion, &c.), allow
to operate Tp. i. ii. 104 e-ing ih' outward fare of
royalty ( = ' acting as a king to all appearance '),
LLL. v. ii. 853, R3 i. iv. 71 e. thy wrath, Cym. in.
V. 147 ; to bring(a weapon) into play Troil. v. vii. 0
e. yeniraims; absol.Oth.n. iii. 2.30 Toe. upon him.
2 t.i put to death, kill R2 iv. i. 82, IHO i. iv. 36
Whom irilh my bare fists I would execute.
execution (obs. use, cf. execute 1) : giving practical
effect to a passion, &c. ; exercise (of powers) 3H6
II. ii. Ill The e. of my biy-sivoln heart, Troil. i. iii.
210, Lr. I. i. 139, Otli. iii. iii. 467 The e. of his wit,
hands, heart.
executioner : murderer 2H6 in. i. 276, R3 i. ii. 186.
EXECITfOB-
— EXTENT
executor (the testamentary sense is used fig. in
Sunn. iv. 14 ; stressed e'xccuior in sense 2)
1 performer, agent Tp. iir. i. 13.
'-' executioner H5 i. ii. 203 excculors pale.
exempt pple. : cut off, debarred, excluded Err. ii.
ii. 175/)0)« me e., AYL. ir. i. 15 e. from jmhiic
Imnnt, IHG ii. iv. 93, Tim. iv. ii. 'ilfiom vcaJth e.
exempted pple.: E. he from vie, far be it from me
All'sW. 11. i. 198.
exequies: funeral rites 1H6 iir. ii. 133.
exercise (tlie gcneial meaning of 'practice ' is the
most usual ; 4 cf. ' Sermons, commonly termed
by some Prophesies or Exercises,' Canons ol the
Church, 1004 ; for Tp. i. ii. 328' see tlie comm.)
1 liabitual jjractice or employment Wint. i. ii. 166
Itc's (ill my e. , 3H6 iv. vi. 85 liuntinij wan his daily e.
2 ac(|uircd skill (S.) Ham. iv. vii. 97.
3 religions devotion or act of worship Wint. in. ii.
24-', K3 III. vii. 63 his holy e., 0th. iii. iv. 42.
4 preaching, discourse Ki in. ii. 109.
exlialatdon: meteor John in. iv. 153, H8 in. ii.
227 fall Like n hrii/h/ e. in the ercnuiq, C;es. il. i. 44.
exhale : to draw fortli H3 i. ii. 58, 166 ; esp. of the
sun drawing up vapours and tiiereby producing
meteors LLL. iv. iii. 10/hon,fiiirsHn, . .. E-'st this
uipf)iir-ron% 1H4 v. i. 19 an e-'d meteor, Rom. in.
v. 13 some meteor tliat the nun e-s ; in the language
ot Pistol, absol. = ' draw ! ' H5 ii. i. 66.
exhaled : exha'l'd Lucr. 779 ; e'xhnVd 1H4 v. i. 10.
exhaust (once): to draw forth Tim. iv. iii. 120.
exhibit (teclinical term) : to submit (a petition,
bill) for inspection or consideration Wiv. n. i. 29
e. a bill in the purliamtrit, Mcas. iv. iv. 11, 1H6
in. i. 150. ^ Misused for ' inhibit ' in Mcr.V. ii.
iii. 10*.
exhibiter : presenter of a bill H5 i. i. 74.
exhibition (1 in use from 15tli c. to Swift's time)
1 allowance of money for a person's support Gent.
I. iii. 69 What maintenance he . . . receives, Lilic e.
thou shalt hate, Lr. i. ii. 2.5, 0th. i. iii. 238.
2 gift, present 0th. iv. iii. 76.
exig°ent: state of pressing need, emergency, strait
C;cH. V. i. 19, Ant. IV. xii. [xiv.] 63; (spec.) end
1 116 n. v. 9 Thebe eyes . . . Wax dim, as drawing to
their exif/ent.
exile sb.': banishment; stvesseH e'xile, exi'le.
exile sb.^: banished person ; stressed e'xile.
exile vb.: stressed exi'le ; but in attrib. use the pa.
pple. is e'xihdM-AC. v. vii. 95[viii. 66], Lucr. 640 :
cf. EXHALED.
exion : blunOcr for ' action ' 2H4 ii. i. 34.
exorcism: calling up spirits, conjuration 2H6 i.
iv. 5 ; so exorcist AU'sW. v. iii. 309, Cas. ii. i.
323, exorcizer (Fi Exorcisor) Cym. iv. ii. 276.
expect sb.: expectation Troil. i. iii. 70.
expect vb. (not pre-Eliz. in any sense) : to wait for,
await Gent. i. i. 54, Mer. V. v. i. 49, 1H6 v. iii. 144
here Iirille. thycoinini/. Ant. iv. iv. 23, Per. i. iv. 94.
expectance: state of waiting to know (something)
'i'roil. iv. v. 145 f. . . . What farther you irilt do.
expectancy : expectation Otli. n. i. 41 ; source of
liopc Ham. 111. 1. 161 (Qq fx/ii elation).
expectation: waiting 2114 v. ii. 31 lore stand in
eiihhst e., Cies. i. i. 45 with puticnte., Lr. iv. iv. 23
our preparation stands In e. of them ; plirase/i(//
ofe., full of promise, hopeful, promising 1H4 ii.
iii. 22; cf. Ham. in. i. 161 (Qq).
expecter : one wiio waits Troil. iv. v, 155.
expedience (not pre-S. ; both senses only S.)
1 speed, dispatch K2 n. i. 287, 115 iv. iii. 70.
2 enterprise, expedition 1114 i. i. 33 In forwarding
this dear expedience. Ant. i. ii. 191.
expedient (rare sense outside S.): speedy, ex-
peditious Jolin n. i. 60, 223, iv, ii, 268' with all c.
haste (cf. with the speediest expedition Gent. i. iii.
37), P2 I. iv. 39, 2H6 in. i. 288, R3 i. ii. 217*.
•[] Expeditious occurs only once Tp. v. i. 315.
expediently: expeditiously (S.) AYL. in. i. 18.
expedition: hence in e., in motion, in progress
115 11. ii. 191 Patting it straight in expedition.
expense (' cost, charge ' is the most freq. sense)
1 spending (of money), esp. extravagant expendi-
ture Wiv. II. ii. 149, Lr. ii. i. 102 e. and waste (so
Qii Qi "'"*' "'"' ^pogle), Sonn. xciv. 6.
2 expenditure (of breath) LLL. v. ii. 522.
3 loss (of a possession) Sonn. xxx. 8.
experient: expert Per. i. i. 164 (Ff).
experimental: with e. seal, 'setting the stamp of
experience upon the results of his reading ' Ado
IV. i. 168.
expert: (in passive sense) tried, proved by ex-
perience 0th. II. i. 49 e. and approv'd alloivance.
expiate pple. : (of an appointed time) fully come
K3 III. iii. 23 the hour of death is e. (Ffjsi noivex-
pir'd, Qq the limit of your Hues is out).
expiate vb. : (said of death) to end (one's days)
Sonn. xxii. 4 Then look I death my days should e.
expire (common Eliz. use): to bring to an end,
conclude Rom. i. iv. 110 Sliall . , ,e. the term Of a
despised life.
[explain!: Per. II. ii. 14; Ff 34 andQqi2 ("/f'/c'^ff.
•iXota S. word.]
explication: exi)lanation LLL. iv. ii. 14.
exploit: spec, military enterprise All'sW. i. ii. 17
sick Eor breathing and e., IV. 1. 41 in e. (=in
action).
expostulate : to set fortli one's views, discourse,
discuss Gent. in. i. 252, 3H6 11. v. 135, R3 in. vii.
191, Ham. 11. ii. 80 to e. Wliat majesty should be,
Oth. n. i. 210.
expostulation : discourse Troil. iv. iv. 60.
exposture (S.): exposure Cor. iv. i. 30. 'H Ex-
posure (not pre-S.) occurs twice.
express adj.: (a) exact, fitted to its purpose, (b)
well framed ormodelled Ham. 11. ii. 32b* in form,
in moving, how e. and admirable .' ^\ Strcssl J ex-
pre'ss and c'xpress ; cf. entire.
express vb.: to manifest, reveal, betoken Slir. 11.
i. 77, 2H6 I. i. 18 / can e. no kinder sign of love
Than this kind kiss. Cor. I. iii. 1, Tit. 1. 1. 422 hath
e-'d himself. . . A father and a friend to thee, Ham.
I. iii. 71 Costly thy habit . . . But not e-'d infancy,
Lr. IV. iii. 19.
expressive: open and emphatic in expressing
sentiments AH'sAV. 11. i. 53.
expressure (not pre-S.; 2 peculiar to S.)
1 expression Tw.N. n. iii. 174 Ihe e. of his eye, Troil.
III. iii. 205 more divine Than breath or pen can
give expressitre to.
2 image, picture Wiv. v. v. 73*.
expulse : to expel, banish 1H6 iii. iii. 25.
exquisite (obs. etymol. sense) : sought out, in
gtniously devised Tw.N. i.v. 182, 11. iii. 1591 have
■110 exquisite reason for 't.
exsufflicate (S. ; oUcAil. exufflieate) : (?) puffed up,
inflated, 'windy' Oth. in. iii. 182.
extant: (of time) present Troil. iv. v. 167.
extemporal: impromptu, extempore LLL. i. ii. 102
sonn I . f/i'iJ iif nine, iv. ii. 50, 1H6 in. i. 6 e. speech ;
so extempbrally adv. Ant. v. ii. 216, Ven. 836.
^ K.rl, ,11 pun is also S.
extend (3 an extension of the legal sense ' to take
jio.ssession of by a writ of extent ' ; cf. extent 1)
1 to prolong in duration Mac. in. iv. 57.
2 to magnify in representation, give exaggerated
praise to Cym. i. i. 25, i. iv. '22.
3 to seize uiwn Ant. i. ii. 109.
extent (2 is a transferrc:! use of 1)
EXTE1TUATE - 75
1 seizure of liiiids in execution of a writ AYL. in,
i. 17 Ut tnij officers . . . Makean e. upon his . . . lands.
2 attack, assault Tw.N. iv. i. 57' unjust e. Against
thy peace.
3 sliowing or exercising of (justice, kindness) Tit.
IV. iv.^thee. Of egnlntslice'' , Hani. ir. ii. 399*[.390J.
extenuate (both were freq. 16-I7tli cent, uses)
1 to mitigate (a law) MND. i. i. 120.
2 to depreciate, disparage Caes. iii. ii. 42 his (jlory
not extenuated.
extenuation: mitigation 1H4 in. ii. 22.
extern : external, outward Otli. i. i. 63 ; only S. as
si). = outward appearance, exterior Sonn. cxxv. 2.
extinct pple.: extinguished, quenched R2 r. iii.
222, Ham. i. iii. 118 these blazes . . , e. in both.
extincted : = prec. Otli. ii. i. 81 Give reneiv'd Jire to
our c.dinctcd spirits.
extincture (S.): "extinction Conipl. 294.
extirp : to root out, extirpate Meas. m. ii. 112 to
exlirp it [a vice] quite, IHO iii. iii. 24.
extirpate : to drive completely ow^o/Tp. i. ii. 125.
extort: MND. iii. ii. 160 e. A poor soul's jiatiencc,
' wrtst it from lier, make her impatient.'
extracting : (?) for ' distracting ' Tw.N. v. i. 291*.
extraug'bt : ' extracted,' descended 3H6 ir. ii. 142.
extravagancy (not pre-S.) : vagrancy Tw.N. ii.
i. 12 My determinate voyage is mere exlravngnncy.
extravagant: straying, roaming, vagrant LLL.
IV. ii. 68, Ham. i. i. 154 e. and erriny spirit, 0th.
I. i. 137.
extreme adj.: one third of the instances are in the
superlative form est ; for the stress cf. entire,
LLL. v. ii. 748 The e'xtreme part of time, Sonn.
exxix. 4 Savage, extre'me, rude, cruel ; — sb. notpre-
S. in the phrases in the e. (0th. v. ii. 345), in e-s
(3H6I1I. if. 115), break into.. . e-s (Tit. iii. i. 215).
extremity (obs. or archaic senses, for most of
wliich 'extreme ' would be the modern equivalent)
1 extreme or utmost degree Err. i. i. 141 the e. of
dire mishap, Lr. v. iii. 209 another. . . would make
much more. And top e., Lucr. 969 Devise extremes
beyond e., Sonn. Ii. 6 swift e. ( = tlie extreme of
swiftness); plirasc iu e., in the highest degree
MND. iir. ii. 3 Wliich she must dote on inc.. Ham.
HI. ii. 180.
2 extreme severity or rigour Err. v. i. 309 0, time's
e., Wint. V. ii. 134 e. of weather, R3 i. I. 65, Ca:s.
II. i. 31 run to these and these extremities, Otli. V.
ii. 137, Cym. iif. iv. 17.
3 extravagance Wiv. iv. ii. 77, 173.
exufllicate: sec exsufflicate.
eyas: yuung hawk taken from the nest for the
purpose of training, or one whose training is in-
complete ; fig. Ham. ii. ii. 363 [355] an aerie of
children, little c-s (Ft Vases); so eyas-mUSket,
used jocularly of a spriglitly child AViv. III. iii. 22.
^ E. isliterally a ' nest-bird ' ('an eyas ' = ' a nyas ',
■\vliicli is ultimately from Latin 'nidus' nest);
musket is the male of the sparrow-hawk.
eye sb. (archaic pi. eyne 11 times for rhyme, but
not rliyming in Per. in. Gower 5, Lucr. 1229)
1 the organ of sight; phr. put the finger in the eye
(likcacliild weeping) Err. ii. ii.208; phr. referring
to drunkenness Tp. in. ii. 10 thy eyes arc almost
.let in thy head ; fig. MND. iii. ii. 435 sorrow's eye,
Tim. V. i. 26 opens the eyes of expectation, Lr. iv.
iv. 15 close the eye of anguish.
2 attributed to the lieavcnly bodies, esp. the sun
MND. III. ii. IS8 eyes of light ( = star.s), John in. i.
19 the glorious sun. . .with splendour of his precious
eye, Rom. iii. v. Vi yon grey is not the morning's
eye. Ham. ir. ii. 548 tlie burnim/ ei/es of heaven,
Sonn. xviii. 5^/(1, eye of licaven ( = tliu sun), xxv, 6
the sun's eye.
-TACTION
3 sight, view Tp. ii. i. 133 banish'd from your eye,
H8 I. i. 30 liim in eye, Mac. iii. i. 125 Masking tite
business from the common eye. Ham. iv. iv. 6 in
his eye ; — In my mind's eye (not pre-S.) Ham. r. ii.
185 ;— Mor.V. i. i. 138' if it stand. . . Within tlie eye
of honour, (a) within thescope of honour's vision,
(b) within the limits of the honourable ;— Ant. ii.
ii. 215' tended her i' tlie ei/es=waited in her siglit
(cf. MND. III. i. 172, Ham. iv. iv. 6).
4 look, glance 1H4 i. iii. 143' eye of death. Ham. ii,
ii. 308 liave an eye of ( = watch), Otli. ii. i. 38 to
throw out our eyes for ( = to look out for) ; of the
exchange of amorous glances Tp. i. ii. 438 At the
first sight They liave changed eyes, Ant. in. xi. [xiii.]
156 mingle eyes With one that ties his points.
5 slight shade, tinge Tp.ii.i.58^((fni/.— W(//( aneye
of green in't. Ham. i. iii. 128 Not of tliat eye which
their investments show (so Ff ; Qq that die or dye).
eye vb.: to appear to the eye (S.) Ant. r. iii. 97.
eye-beam (not pre-S.) : glance LLL. iv. iii. 29.
eye-drop (S.) : tear 2H4 iv. v. 86. [ii. 268,
eye-glass: crystalline lens of the eye (S.) Winfc. i,
eye-offending: hurting the eye Tw.N. i. i, 30 e.
brine ; unsightly John in. i. 47 e. marks.
eyestrings: muscles, nerves, or tendons of the
eye, supposed to crack at death or loss of sight
Cyni. I. iii. 17.
eye-winK (not pre-S.) : look, glance AViv. ii. ii. 74.
eyliad, fiyrie, eysell: sceosiLLADE, aerie, eisel.
fa : the fourth note of the scale LLL. iv. ii. 104 ; used
jocularly as a vb. Rom. iv. v. 121 I'll re you, I'll
fa you.
fable: falsehood Err. iv. iv. 75 Sans fable.
face sb.: there are various transf. and flg. uses ; of
the heavens Mcr.V. ii. vii. 45, Rom. iv. v. 41 to see
this morning'sf., Sonn. xxxiii. 6 ; of the earl h R2
III. iii. 97 the flower of England's f., R3 v. iii. 267
the earth's coldf'.; of immaterial things ( = appear-
ance) John v. ii. 88 to know the face of ricjlit, Cres.
v. i. 10, Lr, III. i. 20 ;— phr. from f. lo foot Cor. ii.
ii. 113, full off., (? beautiful, or florid) Per. i.
Gower 23, John v. ii. 159 turn Ihijf. (=depart).
face vb. (1 a 16th cent, use)
1 to show a false face, maintain a false appearance
1H6 V. iii. 141 flutter, face, or feign.
2 to bravo, bully Slir. iv. iii. 125, &c.; /. down, insist
or maintain to a person's face that . . . Err. in.
i. 6 ; / it out, brazen it out H5 in. ii. 36 ; / out of,
exclude imjiudently from, bully out of Tw.N. iv.
ii. 103, V. i. 92, H5 in. vii. 95 ; see also card sb. 1,
3 to trim Shr. iv. iii. 123 (to a tailor, quibblingly)
Tliou hast f-d many things, 1H4 v. i. 74 (fig.) To f.
the garment of rebellion With some fine colour.
faced : patched (cf face vb. 3) 1H4 iv. ii. 34.
face-royal: 2H4 i. ii. 25-7 quibble between 'face
on a coin ' (cf. LLL. v. ii. 614) and 'kingly face '.
II There was a gold coin called a ' royal '.
facinerious: infamous, vile All'sW.ii. iii. 36(niod.
ciW.facinoronsf; but Latin 'facinus' had a l)y-
form 'faciiier-'of the stem 'facinor-'; cf.alsoOld
Fr. ' facinercux ').
facing : trimming Meas. in. ii. 11 craft, being richer
than innocency, stands for the facing.
fact (1 now usecl only in phrases such as ' after the
fact ', ' before the fact ')
1 deed, esp. evil deed, crime 1H6 iv. i. 30 this f. was
infamous, Mac. in. vi. 10 damned fact !, Lucr. 349.
2 in the fact, in the very act 2H6 n. i. 171.
faction (' party ' is the most freq. sense)
1 class, set (of persons) Gent. iv. i. 37, Troil. n. i. 130
the faction of fools.
FACTION ARY -
70
FAI.X.
2 self-interested or turbulent party strife, factious
spirit, dissension AYL. v. i. 02, iH4 iv. i. 67, 1H6
H. iv. 125, Troil. iii. iii. 190, Ant. i. iii. 48 ; factious
fjuarrel or intrigue Tim. in. v. 74.
factionary : active as a partisan (S.) Cor. v. ii. 30.
factor: agent Ant. ii. vi. H) factors for the gods.
faculty (Ian Eliz. sense)
1 jiersonal quality, disposition H8 i. ii. 73 neither
linow nil) faniUies nor person.
2 active quality or virtue (of a thing) Caes. i. iii. 67
Their nidtires, and pre-formed families.
3 pi. powers Mac. i. vii. 17 Duncan Hath home his
faculties so meek. [34.
fadge : to fit, be suitable LLL. v. i. 158, Tw.N.ti. ii.
fading : ' with a fading ' was the refrain of an iu-
(klicatc song Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 195 burthens of
(lildiis and fadings.
fail sb. (2 and 3 only S.)
1 iailure, omission Wint. ii. iii. 169 the f. Of any
point, v. i. 21 fail of issue, H8 ir. iv. 196.
2 (a) death, (b) failure of issue H8 i. ii. 145*.
3 fault, offence Tim. v. i. 153 hath sense withal Of its
own fill {Ff fall), Cym. in. iv. 66.
fail vb. (2 common down to the Eliz. period)
1 to die H8 1. ii. 184 /inrf^Ae kin// in liislast sickness f-'d.
2 to be at fault, err Meas. iii. ii. 279 [271], MN1». iii.
ii. 93 one man holdincj troth, A million /., All'sW.
iir. i. 15 to f. As often us I r/uess'd, iv. v. 89, Cor.
IV. vii. 40.
3 to leave undone, omit Mae. in. vi. 21 he f-'d His
presence, Lr. ii. iv. 144 Would f. her ohliijation,
Cym. III. iv. 181.
fain adj.: glad, pleased 1H6 in. ii. 114/. lyfUi/hl to
save iiifiiisilees, 2H0 n. i. 8 man and birds arc f. of
cliiiibiny liif/li ; glad under the circumstances
Gent. I. i. 128, AYL. iv. i. 61, 2H4 n. i. 157 / must
be f. to pawn . . . my plate ; (hence) necessitated,
obliged Lr. iv. vii. 38 ;— adv. gladly, willingly,
always with ii'cmld (frcq.).
faint adj. (2 now only m the proverbial 'faint
heart '"; f.-hearted,f-ly ^ni\ f-ness follow the senses
of the adj.)
1 inactive, inert, timid Tim. I. ii. 16, in. i. 58, in.
iii. 25, Lr. i. iv. 73 a most faint nei/lect.
2 spiritless, weak-spirited 3H6 v. iv. 61 warriors f,
Veil. 401, Lucr. 1209 Faint not, faint heart.
3 weak, feel)le Mer.V. i. i. 126 my f. means, H5 i. i.
16/. .wnis past corporal toil, Tit. it. iii. 234, Koni.
IV. iii. 15.
faint vb. : to lose heart John v. vii. 78, Yen. 569 /-.v
not lil^e a pidf-fac'd coward ; also impers. itf-sme,
1 am depressed H8 n. iii. 103 ; to become feeble
MND. II. ii. 35, AYL. n. iv. Kf-s for succour, Lucr.
1543 ; so 1H6 ii. v. 40 f-iny kiss, 95 my f-ini/ words.
fair sb. : that wliich is fair, a beautiful thiiig Kom.
I. i. 237 they hide the /., I. iii. 90, Cym. i. vi. 38,
Lucr. 780 the supreme f. (viz. the sun) ; one of the
fair sex, a woman, esp. a beloved woman LLL. v.
ii. 37, H5 V. ii. 176 speak, my f., Rom. ii. Chor. 3 :
applie<l to a man Ven. 208; beauty Err. ii. i. 98
iMydciaijedf, LLL. IV. i. 17, MND. i. i. 182, Soiin.
xviii. 7 iviry fair from fair sometime declines.
fair adj.: outside the physical sensesof ' beautiful,
clear, bright, un.sullied,' and the immediate fig.
uses, is employed very widely as an epithet of
praise (ef. the adv. fair) ; uses no longer cunent
are : — as a form of courteous addre.ss LLL. v. ii.
31 1 Fair sir, God save you ! ; — Fair daij-liijht = broad
daylight Lr. iv. vii. .^2.
fair adv. (4 now only in plir. 'bid, promise fair')
1 civilly, courteously, kindly (often with the vl>.
.speak) Err. jii. ii. 188 ,w/. an offer d chain, 1»3 iv.
iv. 152 entreat me f.: on good terms 2114 ii. i. 211
lap for tap, and so part fair.
2 equitably, honestly Meas. in. i. 139, 1114 v. i. 114.
3 becomingly, fittingly Cor. iv. vi. 111)*.
4 auspiciously, favourably, fortunately Err. iv. i.
92, Mer.V. ii. i. 20, R2 n. ii. 122 The wind sitsf,
1H4 V. V. 43 since this business so f. is done, Troil.
I. iii. 372 Should he 'scape Hector f.\ phrase F. be
to yon, prosperity attend you Troil. iii. i. 47.
5 softly, gently Ado v. iv. 72 Soft nndf.,\\li in. i.
104 f. and evenly ;— stand /., stand still Troil. iv.
v. '234.
fair vb.: to beautify Sonn. cxxvii. 6.
fairest-boding: of happiest omen 113 v. iii. 228.
fair-fac'd (not pre-S.) : of fair complexion Ado in.
i. 61 ; fair in appearance John n. i. 411 peace and
fair-fac'd leaijue.
fairing: complimentary gift LLL. v. ii. 2.
fairly (2 recorded only from S.)
1 beautifully, handsomely Shr. T. ii. 149 I'll have
them vcryf. bound, Troil. i. iii. 84, Rom. in. ii. 84;
ill beauty Sonn. v. 4 ; in a neat or elegant hand
Shr. in. i. 71, K3 in. vi. 2.
2 courteously, respectfully Eit. v. i. 233 Then f. 1
bespoke the officer, Per. v. i. iO yreet them fairly.
3 ijecomingly, properly, honourably Mer.V. i. i. 129
to comef. off from the great debts, Cor. iv. vii. 21 he
bears all things fairly.
4 auspiciously, favourably 1H4 v. iii. 29, H5 v. ii.
10 fairly met, 18.
5 completely, fully, quite Shr. i. i. 108, Rom. ii. iv.
49 Yon gave us the counterfeit fairly.
fairness: To the f. of my poner, as fairly as I can
Cor. I. ix. 73.
fairplay (not pre-S.; hyphened in old odd.) : equit-
able conditions of intercour.se John v. i. 07, y.
ii. 118.
fair-spoken : of courteous or pleasant speech H8
IV. ii. b2 fair-spoken, atid persuading.
fairy : enchantress, charmer (S.) Ant. iv. viii. 12.
faith, (the commonest uses are)
1 loyalty, fidelity Gent. iv. iii. 26, MND. in. ii. 127
Bearing the badge off. to prove lliem true, 2H6 v. i.
166 0; where isf.l 0 .' where isloyaltyl, H8 n. i.
143, Cfes. III. i. 137 ; csp. faithfulness in love, true
love (freq.).
2 frcq. used exclamatorily in by or on my faith, (in)
good faith, in or i' faith, faith (also 'faith); added
to imperatives Err. iv. iv. 153, Ado i. i.236, MND.
I. ii. 50, Troll, iv. i. 51 ; to questions Tw.N. n. iv.
27, Ham. i. ii. 168.
faith'd : Ijclieved in Lr. n. i. 72 Make fhy words f.
faithful (the meaning ' loyal ' is the commonest ;
2 cf. ' This is a faithful saying ', 1 Timothy i. 15)
1 believing (in religion) R3 i. iv. 4.
2 true Meas. iv. iii. Vib a faithful verity.
3 (?) conscientious Ham. ii. ii. 114.
faithfully (in Mer.V. v. i. 299 answer all things f.
is a formula used in the Court of King's lieneh)
1 confidently Tim. in. ii. 46 urge it half so f.
2 assuringly AY'L. n. vii. 195 trhisperd faiHifully.
faithless: unbelieving Mer.V. n. iv. 38/ Jew;
disloyal John n. i. 230, H8 n. i. 123/. service ; not
to be'trusted Meas. in. i. 135 Ofiiihless coward !.
faitor : (properly) impostor, cheat : doubtful word
In 2II4 II. iv. 171 (qfalers, Ff Fates).
falchion : (properly) sword more or less curved
with the edge on tlie convex side R3 i. ii. 94,
Lucr. 176, &c.
falcon : Irmale hawk trained for the sport of hawk-
ing (contrast tercel) Mac. n. iv. 12, Ven. 1027.
fall sb. (of the following less frequent S. uses, 1
and 2 arc only S., 3 and 4 arc ohs.)
1 shedding (of blood) H5 i. ii. "25.
2 downward stroke (of a sword) R3 v. iii. 112 n
heavy f, Olh. ii. iii. 236 the clink and f. of swords.
FALI.-
3 ebb of the title ; phrase atf., ;it a low ebb Tim.
ir. ii. 215.
4 musical cadence Tw.N. i. i. 4 a dying fall.
5 bout at wrestling AYL. i. ii. 219 Yov, shall try
but one fall.
fall vb. (3 is used with various complements)
1 (of a river) to discharge itself, fig. Lucr. 653.
2 to shrink, become lean H5 v. ii. 167 A good leg will
fall ; cf.fall aitay (below).
3 to come to be, get (into a condition), become
Mer. V. IV. i. 207 / am fallen to this fur yoxi, Tw.N.
IV. ii. 94 hotc fell you beside your fite nuts 1, 2H6 i.
i. 254 be fall'n at jars, H8 il. i. 35 fell to himself
( = regained self-control), Cjes. iv. iii. Ibi she fell
distract.
4 to let fall, drop Tp. ii. i. 304 To f. ii (viz. your
hand) on Oomalo^ AYL. in. v. 6 F-s not the axe
npon the humbled'iKcli, R3 V. iii. 136/. thi/ edaeless
snord, Lucr. 1551 every tear he f-s ; "to give birth
to Mer.V. i. iii. 89 Fall parti-col our' d lambs.
5 to happen, come to pass; also, to turn out (in a
particular way) MND. v. i. 189, Mer.Y. i. ii. 95
An the uwst f. that ever fell, Vses. ni. i. 146, 243,
Ham. IV. vii. 70 It falls right.
6 to happen to, befall John r. i. 78 Fair/, the lanes
that took the pains for me.', Ant. in. vii. 39 Ao dis-
grace Shall fall you, Yen. 472.
fail away -- sense 2 (above) 1H4 iii. iii. 1, 1H6 in. i.
192 : fall down, to come to grief 2H4 iv. ii. 44 :
fall from, il) to forsake the allegiance of, revolt
from Ado i. i. 265 [257J, John in. i. 320, Tim. iv.
iii. 404 ; (2) pass, to have forfeited All'sAY. v. i.
12, H8 in. i. 20, Ham. ii. ii. 165 And be not from
his reason fallen ; fall in, to make up a quarrel
Troil. III. i". 114 ; fall into, to come within the
range of H8 ni. ii. 341 ; fall off, to withdraw
from allegiance, revolt 1H4 i. iii. 94, Lr. i. ii. 119,
Cym. m. vii. 6 The fallcn-off Jlrilains; fall over,
to go over lo (the enemy) John in. i. 127 ; fall
to, to apply oneself (to), begin (upon), set to
(work), esp.to begin eating or fighting Tp. i. i. 3,
AYL. 11. vii. 171, Shr. i. i. 38, 1H6 in. i. 90, Tit.
HI. ii. 34.
fallacy : delusive notion, error Err. ii. ii. 190.
fallilile : liable to be erroneous Meas. iii. i. 169
hopes that aref; blunderinaly used in Ant. V. ii.
257 (old cM. falliable).
falling' sickness: epilepsy Ca?s. i. ii. 257.
fallow: adj.' uncultivated "H5 v. ii. 44 her f. lens
The darnel, hcmlorl; . , . Doth root upon ;— sb. arable
land H5 v. ii. 54; ground ploughed and har-
rowed but left uncroppcd for a time Meas. i. iv. 42.
fallow adj. 2; of pale brownish or reddish yellow
colour Wiv. I. I. 92 your fallow qreyhound.
false: ?vb. or adj. in Cym. n. iii. 74*; if a vb.
?=beti-ay their trust.
falsehood (obs. meanings are)
1 falseness, faithlessness, perfidyTp. i. ii. 95, Gent.
IV. ii. 8 my f. to my friend, ^Vint. in. ii. 142 this
is mere f., John m." i. 95, 277, Troil. iv. ii. 107
Mahe Cressid's name the very crown of falsehood.
2 deception, imposture Meas. iir. ii. 303 [295], Ant.
I. i. 40, Sonn. cxxxvii. 7.
falsely: wrongly John iv. ii. 198/. thrust upon
contrary feet, ()t]\. v. ii. 115 0 .' /., /. murdcr'd,
Sonn. cxlviii. 4; perfidiously, treacherously Tp.
IF. i. 71, Meas. ii. iv. 48, <-'or. in. i. 59 laid f. V the
plain way of his merit. Ham. it. ii. 67/ borne in
hand; improperly K3 v. iii. 252* England's chair,
nlicre he is falsely set.
falsify (once) : to prove (expectations) to lie ill-
founded 1H4 I. ii. 23'i falsify men's hopes.
falsing": deceptive Err. ii. ii. 97.
famesb. : common talk or report, rumour IH611.
77 - FANTASTIC
iii. 68 thou art no less than f. hath bruilid, H8 i.
iv. 66, Ant. n. ii. 109 ; personified Ado n. i. 223
/ have played the part of Lady Fame.
fame vb.: to speak abroad tlie fame of, make re-
nowned Troil. n. iii. 256% Sonn. Ixxxiv. 11.
fam'd/o>- : reported as being 3H6 iv. vi. 26.
familiar: adj. ('intimate,' • friendly ' is the most
common meaning)
1 belonging to the household or family, domestic,
household Wiv. i. i. 21 a f. beast to man, 0th. n.
iii. 'Sib good wine is agoodfamtluir creature.
2 well-known H5 i. i. 47 /'. as his garter, in. vii. 40,
Cym. V. v. 94 His favour is familiar to me.
3 current, habitual, ordinary, (hence) trivial Wiv.
I. iii. 49, Meas. i. iv. 31, H5 iv. iii. 62 mir names,
F. m his mouth as household words, Cses. ni. i. 266
dreadful objects [shall be] so familiar.
4 plain, easily understood LLL. i. ii. 9 a familiar
demonstration, Troil. iii. iii. 113.
5 /. spirit, a demon supposed to be in association
with or under the power of a man, and to attend
at his call 1H6 v. iii. 10 Aow, ye f. spirits, Sonn.
Ixxxvi. 9.
sb. intimate friend LLL. v. i. 104 ; familiar or at-
tendant spirit LLL. i. ii. 180, 1H6 in. ii. 122, 2H6
IV. vii. 113 he has a f. under his tong-ue.
famine : hunger, stai-vation 2H6 iv. "x. 64, Mac. v.
v. 40. Cym. in. vi. 19.
famous : notorious Shr. i. ii. 257, Wint. in. iii. 11,
2114 IV. iii. 70, Ant. i. iv. ^ famous pirates.
famoused: renowned Sonn. xxv. 9.
famously: with renown K3 11. iii. 19 ; gloriously,
splendidly Cor. i. i. 38.
fan sb.: motion of the air such as is made by a fan
Troil. v. iii. 41 thef. and windof your fair sword.
fan vb. : fig. from the winnowing of corn Cym. i.
vi. 177 The love I bear liim Made me to f. you thus.
fanatical: extravagant LLL. v. i. 20.
fancy sb. (2 the commonest S. sense)
1 fantasticalness LLL. i. i. 169, Ham. i. iii. 71
Cosily thy habit , . . But not express'd in fancy.
2 amorous inclination, love Mer.Y. in. ii. 63 Tdl
me rchere isf. bred, AYL. in. v. 29, Tw.N. n. iv. 33
Our fancies arc more giddy aiul unfrm . . . Than
women's arc, 0th. iii. iv. 64; used for 'one in
love' Compl. Gl, 197.
3 musical composition in an impromptu style Shr.
iir. ii. 71, 2H4 in. ii. 346.
fancy vb. (the only S. sense) : to love, fall in love
with Gent. ni. i. 67, Shr. 11. i. 12, 2H6 i. iii. 97 ;
with a thing as object Shr. n. i. 16 ; intr. Tw.N.
ir. V. 30 should she /.. it should be one of my com-
plexion. Troil. V. ii. 162.
fancy-free : free from the power of love MND. n.
i. 164 /» maiden meditation, f. fancy-monger:
one who deals in love AYL. in. ii. 387. fancy-
sick : love-sick MND. in. ii. 96.
fane: temple Cor. i. x. 20, Cym. iv. ii. 242.
fang sb. (old edd. phang) : canine tooth, tusk : also
fig. AYL. 11. i. 6 the icy fang . . . of the winter's
Kind, Tw.N. I. V. 197 the very fangs of malice.
fang vb. (old edd. phnng): to seize Tiin. n'. iii. 23
Ix^truifion fang mankind.
fanged mot pVe-S.) : having fangs Ham. ni. iv. 203
adders faiig'd.
fangled: fond of fineiy or foppery Cym. v. iv..l34
our fiDigled irorld.
fantasied: full of (strange) fancies John iv. ii. 144.
fantastic (cf next word)
1 imaginary R2 1. iii. 299.
2 fanciful, capricious Gent. n. vii. 47, Yen. 850 the
humour of f. wits; (said of things) extravagant,
grotesque Meas. n. ii. 121 /'. tricks, Troil. v. v. 38
Mad and f. execution, Ham. iv. vii. Id^f. g<(rlaiids.
r ANTASTICAI. —
78
— rAXJIiT
fantastical (3 the coiiiiuon S. sense)
1 -FANTASTIC 1, Mac. I. ill. 53, 131).
2 imaginative Tw.N. i. i. 15.
3 =FANTASTic 2, Meas. iii. ii. 100 a mad f. trick,
Ado II. i. 80 like a Scotch Ji(/, and full as/., Otli.
II. i. 221 t'-llin(j her fan/a.sfical lies.
fantastically : oddly, strangely 2H4 iii. ii. 338
(( /),(((/ fnntadicallfi canal, H5 II. iv. 27.
fantastico : absurd, irrational person Rom. ii. iv.
31 (Q, -icoes ; other old cdd. phaniacics, -asics).
fantasy (contrast fancv sb.)
1 delusive imagin.ation, hallucination 1H4 v. iv.
137' is it/. That plaijs niiim our i.ijisiijtif !, Ham. i.
i. 54* Is not this soimthini) more ihnn /antasij !.
2 imagination Wiv. v. v. 57 the onjans <>/ her /.,
MND. V. i. 5, AYL. n. iv. 31*, Rom. i. iv. 99 liei/ot
ofnothrni/ hut vain f., C»s. ii. i. 197, iii. iii. 2.
3 product or figment of the imagination, fanciful
image, fancy MND. il. i. 25S full o/ hateful /-ies,
John v. vii. 18 lef/iotis ofstranye f-ies. Cues. ii. i. 231
no figures nor ho fantasies.
4 caprice, whim Rom. ii. iv. 31, Ham. jy. iv. 61 /o>-
a fantasy and trick of fame, Otb. III. iii. 299.
fap : drunk Wiv. i. i. 184.
far: (?) comparative in Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 444 Far
than iJitualion of{Fi F((rri:).
farced: stulfed out with pompous phrases 115 iv.
i. 283 Th( forced title ratuiiiKj 'fore the kinr/.
fardel, farthel : bundle, pack Wint. iv. iii. [iv.]
729, &c., Ham. in. i. 7().
fare : state of things John v. vii. 35 ill fare, 3HG
n. i. 95 H7/ai'/«re?( = What cheer?).
far-fet : lit. far-fetched, = deeply laid or cunningly
devised 2H6 iir. i. 293 his f. policy. UTlie slj.
' far-fetch ' was in use 1560-1680 in the sense of
' deeply-laid or cunning stratagem '.
farm sb.: in farm, on a lease R2 ii. i. 257.
farm vb.: to" rent (land) Ham. iv. iv. 20 ; to let or
lease (land) R2 i. iv. 45.
farrow : properly, a litter of pigs ; in Mac. iv. i. 65
//()• nine farroit' is used in sing, with numeral to
iiiili<ate the luuubor of vdumc.
farthest: at Ih, f.. at latest, Mcr.V. ii. ii. 125 (Fi).
farthing'ale, fardingale: hooped petticoat Gent.
ir. vii. 51, Wiv. iii. iii. 69, Shr. iv. iii. 56.
fashion sb. (the commoner S. meanings are 'shape,
make', 'manner, way', 'prevailing custom',
' conventional usage ')
1 kind, sort Gent. v. iv. 61 Thou friend of an dl f.,
Willi. 111. ii. 105, Per. iv. ii. 84 i/eittlemeH of all
f-s: phr. inf. to, of a kind to Me'r.V. i. ii. 23.
2 mere form, pretence Mer.V. iv. i. 18.
fashion vb. (1 rare outside S.)
1 to contrive, manage MND. ill. ii. 194 To f. this
false sport, lH4i. iii. 29S As Iwillf. it, 0th. iv. ii.
242 iih ich I iL'dl f. to fall out between tieelie and one.
2 to make (something) of a specified shape or form ;
esp. constr. with complement Ado nr. iii. 141
f'imj them like Pharaolt's soldiers m the rcechij
painiinfj, 1H6 iii. iii. 65, Caes. ii. i. 30 Fashion it
thus, Li-. I. ii. 206.1// with me's meet that lean f. it.
3 to change, transform Cies. ii. i. 220* I'll f.' him
(or ? = I'll shape him to my purpose).
4 to counterfeit, pervert Ado i. iii. 30 tof. a carriage
to rob love from any, H5 i. ii. 14 That you sliould
/., ti'rcst, or bote your riadimi.
5 to adapt, accommodate to Gent. III. i. 135 Jlow
shall If. me to mar a cloak f. Ado v. iv. 88 .1 ludt-
ittfi soinii t . . . Fashion'd to Beatrice.
fashion-mong'er : one who studies and follows
the fashion Hoiu.ii. iv. 35; sofashion-mong'ing'
(<JFi),-mongering'(Ff-..;.4i»"(i.'/'/((v).\(lciv. i.94.
fashions [corruption of farcin '] : disease of liorses
closely allied to glanders filir. in. ii. 54.
fast (rare use) : fasting, abstinence Meas. i. ii. 135
surfeit is the father o/ much fast.
fast adj. (the sense 'rapid, quick ' occurs)
1 (of sleep) deep, sound Mac. v. i. 9 ; also = fast
•asleep Rom. iv. v. 1.
2 firmly adhering to 0th. i. iii. 369 /. to my hopes.
Gym. T. vi. l'S8 /ast to your affection.
3 shut close H8 v. ii. 3 All/astl. [ii. 189.
fast adv.: close (by) Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 514, 2H6 in.
fast vb. : past tense /«s< Cyin. iv. ii. 347, represent-
ing older ' fastf ', Anglo-Saxon ' ftestte '.
fasten upon : to induce to accept 0th. n. iii. 51 /.
but one cup upon him.
fasten'd : settled, confirmed Lr. ii. i. 79.
fast-lost : lost through a fast Tim. ii. ii. 181.
fastly : rapidly Compl. 61.
fat : old form of vat '.
fat (I a use app. peculiar to S., but 'fat mist' occurs
in the 17th cent.)
1 close, stuffy 1H4 n. iv. 1 that /at room.
2 slow-witted, dull, gross LLL. in. i. 110 n /at
I'enioy, v. ii. 269, Tw.N. v. i. 113 /a< and /ulsome
to mine ear, Ham. i. v. 32.
fatal (1 the Parcae or Fates were called ' the fatal
dames ' or ' ladies ')
1 concerned with or fraught with destiny H5 v. i.
21 Parca's/. neb, 3H6 iv. ii. 21.
2 foreboding mischief, ominous 1H6 ni. i. 194 that
/. prophecy, 3H6 ii. vi. 56 tluU/. screech-owl, Cses.
v. i. 88, Mac. i. v. 40.
fat-brained : heavy-witted H5 in. vii. 148.
fate sb. (special u.se): what one is destined to achieve
H5 II. iv. 04, Ant. in. xi. [xiii.] 169.
fate vb.: to destine All'sW. iv. iv. 20; so fated,
(1) destined to Tp. i. ii. 129, Lr. in. iv. 67, 0th. in.
iii. 276 ; (2) invested with the power of destiny
All's W. I. i. 236.
father sb. ; the friend or relative that ' gives away'
a bride at the altar Ado v. iv. 15. % Till recently
termed ' father-in-cliurch ' in AVanvickshircand
Oxfordshire.
father vb.: Ado i. i. 116 /-« herself, shows who lier
father is.
father-in-law : stepfather R3 v. iii. 82.
fatherly : as a father Gym. n. iii. 39.
fathom (old edd. fadom, the orig. meaning is 'the
embracing arms', hence 'stretching tlie arms in
a straight line' (of which 1 is a fig. use), hence
' measure of 6 feet ')
1 lig. erasi) of intellect Otli. i.i. 15^ Another of his f.
2 pi. dei>tlis Wint. IV. iii. [iv.] 501 all . . . the pro-
fijiiiiil s,ii hiihs In unk mm- n fathoms.
fathomless : that cannot be embraced by the arms
Troil. n. ii. '.iO n waist tnost fathomless.
fathom-line: sounding-line 1H4t. iii. 204.
fatigate ]'pl. (not post-S.) : fatigued Cor. n. ii. 122.
fat-kidneyed : gross 1H4 n. ii. 6.
fatness : L;rossness Ham. in. iv. 153.
fatting vbl. sb.: growing fat R3 i. iii. 314.
fat-witted: dull-witted 1114 i. ii. 2.
fa,ucet : kind of tap for drawing liquor from a
barrel: only in faucil-silUr Cor. ii. i. 80 (Ffi..;^
Forstt, F, Fausif. mod. edd. /o.v.ve/). f Faucef'is
tlieconunoii s|i(lling from the 14th,cent. onwards.
fault (2 and the sense ' defect, imiierfection ' are
the most freq. S. meanings ; 4 ? only B.)
1 lack, want, in phr. for f. of, in the absence of,
for want of Wiv. i. iv. 17, 2H4 ii. ii. 47, Rom. ii.
iv. 1.32.
2 something wrongly done ; also in obs. phr. do or
make a f., commit an offence AViv. v. v. 9, Wint.
III. ii. 218, R2 I. ii. 5, Lucr. 804, Sonn. xxxv. 5.
3 (in hunting) a break in the line of scent, loss of
scent Tw.N. n. v. 142 the cur is excellent at f-s. ;
FAULTrUL—
plir. cold fault, cold or lost scent Slir. Ind. i. 20,
Veil. 6'J4.
4 misfortune Wiv. i. i. 96, in. iii. 232, Per. iv. ii. 79.
foultful: culpable Lucr. 715. (iii. 75.
faulty : guilty 1H4 iii. ii. 27, 2H6 iii. ii. 202, H8 v.
fanset : see faucet.
Faustus : the famous German magician made
familiar in England by Marlowe, Wiv. iv. v. 71.
favour (obs. or archaic senses are the foil. ; 4 and 5
were very common in the 15th-16th cent.)
1 leave, permission, pardon LLL. iii. i. 10 Bi/ tliyf.,
John II. i. 422 Speak on uith /., H8 i. i. 168, Mac.
I. iii. 149, Ham. l. ii. 61 Your lean and/atonr.
2 lenity, leniency Mer.V. iv. i. 387 that, for litis f,
He presently become a Chrisliati, 2H6 iv. vii. 72
Justice ivitlif., Ant. iii. xi. [xiii.] 133, Yen. 257.
3 attraction, cliarm^2H6 i. ii. ifronniiir/ at thef-s
of the world, Ham. iv. v. 188 turns to f. and to
prettiness, 0th. iv. iii. 21 even his . . . frowns . . .
have grace and favour in them.
4 appearance, aspect, look John v. iv. 50 the f. and
the form Of this most fair occasion, H5 v. ii. G3,
Caes. I. iii. 129 the complexion of the element In
f-'s t like the work we hare in hand (Ff Is Fauors,
like, some mod. edd. isf-ed), Lr. i. iv. 260.
5 countenance, face Meas. iv. ii. 34 a good f. you
have, Troil. i. ii. 99 a brown f., Ham. v. i. 213,
Sonn. cxiii. 10 ;/(/ sec . . . The most sircetf. or dc-
formed'st creature; pi. features 1H4 iii. ii. 136,
Lr. in. vii. 40.
favourable (obs. use): gracious, kindly 2H4 iv. v.
2 siiiiH dull ((nd favourable hand.
favoured f. featured C»s. i. iii. 129 ; see favour 4.
favouringf: kindly Ant. iv. viii. 23 thyf. hand.
fawn sb.' : young lallow deer AYL. ii. vii. 128.
fawn sb.2 : servile cringe Cor. iii. ii. 67.
fawn vb.: to AViig the tail with delight or fondness
R3 I. iii. 290, Caes. v. i. 41, Lucr. 421 As the grim
lion f-etli o'er his prey; fig. to wheedle, cringe
(freq.).
fay: faith Ham. ii. ii. 276 hy my fay.
fealty: obligation of fidelity on the part of a feudal
tenant or vassal to liis lord K2 v. ii. 45; (licncc
gen.) fidelity, loyalty Gent. n. iv. 92.
fear sb. (3 in some cxx. ? ^grounl of alarm, as in
Psalm liii. 6 (Prayer-book) 'They were afraid
where no fear was')
1 dread, alarm, apprehension ; phr. give or put f. to,
make timid, intimidate Meas. i. iv. 62, Yen. 1158;
for f. of trust (= fearing to trust myself) Sonn.
xxiii.5; I'pon the font of f, in i\ight \Hiy. v.20;
out of f., (i) for fear 1H4 iV. iii. 7, (ii) without fear
1H4 IV. i. 135 1 am cut of fear Of death (cf. MND.
III. i. 23 this will put them out of fear).
2 formidableness, dreadfulness AYL. i. ii. 189 the
f. of your adventure, 3H6 ii. vi. 5, Caes. li. i. 190,
Cym. III. iv. 9 put thyself Into a haviour of less f.
3 object of dread, something to be feared MND. v.
i. 21 imagining somef., 1H4 I. iii. 87, 2H4 i. i. 95,
Ilani. III. iii. 25.
fear vb. (1 was the orig. meaning of the vb. in
Anglo-Saxon ; 2 is now used only intr.)
1 to frighten, scare Meas. ii. i. 2 a scarecrow . . . to
f. the birds of prey, Shr. i. ii. 214/. boys with bugs,
3H6 V. ii. 2 Warwick was a bug that f-'d its all,
Lr. in. V. 4 How ...I may be censured, . . . someth ing
fears me to think of.
2 to be apprehensive or concerned about, (hence)
mistrust, doubt Wiv. iv. iv. 80, Err. iv. iv. 1 /•'.
me not, man ; I will not break away, Ado iii. i. 31
F. you not my part of the dialogue, Slir. iv. iv. 10,
R3 I. i. 1.37 his physicians f. him mightily, (^or. in.
ii. 126, Ham. iv. v. 122.
3 to be afraid o/Sonn. cxv. 9.
79 - FEE-GRIEF
fearful: about equally freq. in (1) the objective
sense ' dreadful, terrible ' and (2) the subjective,
' timorous, apprehensive ' ; /. of occas. = con-
cerned about 3H6 v. vi. 87/. of his life.
feast : to keep holiday, enjoy oneself (S.) Wint. iv,
iii. [iv.] 359, 2H4 iii. i. 59, Per. i. iv. 107.
feast-finding' : hunting for banquets Lucr. 817.
feast-won: won by a feast Tim. n. ii. 181.
feat : adj. adroit, dexterous Cym. v. v. 88 A page
. . . Ho f., so nurse-like; neat, trim Tp. ii. i. 281
[273]; —adv. neatly Compl. 48 With sleidid silkf.
and affectedly Ensiralh'd.
feat vb.: (?)to constrain to propriety Cym. i. i. 49*
A sample to the youngest, to the more mature A glass
that fulled them (/tatur'df, fear'd).
feather (in Tw.K. in. i. 72 almost = bird)
1 kind nf plumage 3H6 in. iii. 161 birds of silf-f^ame
/.; fig. of that f., of such a kind Tim. i! i. 101.
2 pi. wings John iv. ii. 174 setf-sto thy hcc'.s, Koni.
I. iv. 20 To soar with his light f-s, Lucr. 1216.
3 used with ref. to the wearing of plumes in hats
H8i. iii. 25 those remnants Offoolandf.; soptume
of f-s, trifling person, coxcomb LLL. iv. i. 97.
feather'd : winged 1H4 iv. i. 106 /. Mercury, 0th.
I. iii. 271/. Cupid, Per. v. ii. Ib'inf. briefness.
featly : with graceful agility, nimbly Tp. i. ii. 379,
Wint. IV. iii. [iv.] 176.
feature : shape or form of body Tp. in. i. 52 how
f-s are abroad, Gent. ii. iv. 74 complete in f. and
in mind, H8 in. ii. 50, Ham. in. i. 168, Sonn.
cxiii. 12; shapeliness, comeliness R3 i. i. 19
Vheatidoff. by dissembling nature. ^ The sense
of ' line:\nKnts of the face ' is not S.
featur'd : shaped Ado in. i. 60, Sonn. xxix. 6.
featureless (not pre-S.) : ugly Sonn. xi. 10.
fedary (S.) : confederate, accomplice Meas. ii. iv.
123 {Fifedarie, FfQSifeodary), Cym. in. ii. 21 (Ff
Fadarie), Wint. ii. i. 89 (Fi Fe'derarie, ?a mis-
jirint or a scholarly correction).
federary: see preceding word.
fee sb. (1 phrases derived from the sense of in-
heritance in land)
1 in fee, (to be held) in absolute possession Ham.
IV. iv. 22 should it be sold in fee ; — at a jtin's
fee, at a pin's value Ham. i. iv. 65.
2 sum which a public officer is authorized to de-
mand as payiuentfortheexcrciseofhi.sfunctions;
tig. 2H6 in. ii. 217 / shoidd rob the dealhsmun of
his fee.
3 remuneration paid to a professional man Mer.V.
IV. i. 424, Rom. i. iv. 74, Lr. i. i. 166, Yen. 609.
4 perquisite 3H6 m. i. 22 a deer whose skin's a
keeper's fee.
5 payment, recompense Ado n. ii. 54, R3 i. ii. 170,
Ham. n. ii. 73 three thousand crowns in annual f.
6 bribe John ii. i. 170.
feevb.: to employ, make use of (an opportunity),
as one would a servant Wiv. ii. ii. 208.
feedsb.: feeding-ground, pasture-land AYL. ii. iv.
84 bounds of feid ; food-fodder Tit. iv. iv. 92
[sheep] rot ltd uith del icinus feed.
feed pple.: hired Tw.N. i. v. 305 no feed post.
feeder : one dependent on anotlier for food, (hence)
servant AYL. n. iv. 100, Tim. n. ii. 169, Ant. in.
xi. [xiii.] 109.
feeding : food 2H4 i. i. 10 a horse Full of high /.,
Cor. v. i. 56 wine and/., Sonn. cxviii. 6 To bitter
sauces did I frame my f.; pasture Wint. iv. iii.
[iv.] 169. ^Cf. FEEDSb.
fee-farm : kind of tenure by which land is held in
fee-simple subject to a perpetual fixed rent, fig.
in phrase in fee-farm Troil. in. ii. 51.
fee-grief: grief that has a particular owner Mac.
IV. iii. Kd a fee-grief iMte to some single breast.
FEEL —
80
feel: to test, sound H5 iv. i. 132 io f. other men's
iiiiiiils, Lr. I. ii. 97 to/, my eiffedion to your honour.
feeling- vbl. sb. (the 'sense 'sensibility, suscepti-
bility', e.g. LLL. IV. ii. 30, isnotpre-S.; the loll,
are obs. or rare)
1 experience Meas. ni. ii. 129, LLL. iir. i. 120.
2 what is felt to belong to a thing, impression pro-
duced by it R2 i. iii. 301*.
feeling ppl. adj.: (in passive sense) deeply felt,
heartfelt Win't. IV. i. [ii.] 8 /. sorroicn, Koni. in.
V. 75 stich a f. loss, Lr. iv. vi. 227 Icnoiin and J.
sorrnit'S.
feelingly (1 arises from tlie meaning ' with just
perception, undcrstandingly ' ; 2 not pre-S.)
1 appropriately, to the purpose Meas. I. ii. 37,
Tw.N. II. iii. 175 most/. jH-rsonnteel, Ham. v. ii. 114.
2 with feeling or emotion Lucr. 1112, 1492.
3 so as to be felt or leave an impression AYL. ii. i.
11, Lr. IV. vi. 153.
fee-simple : estate belonging to the owner and his
heirs for ever 2H6iv. x. 28 the lord of the soil come
io seize me for a stray, for enlcrim/ liisf. loitliout
leave; usu. fig. =absolute possession Wiv. iv. ii.
229 if the devil have him not in /., All'sW. iv. iii.
314, Rom. III. i. .35 buy the f. of my life, Compl. 144.
feigfn: to relate in fiction", fable Mer.V. v. i. 80,
HHti I. ii. 31 all theit poets fei(jn of bliss and joy.
feigning (3 the sense 'sing softly, hum' was in
use in the 15tli-16th cent.)
1 inventive, imaginative AYL. ill. iii. 22 the truest
poetry is the most feif/nine/.
2 deceitful MND. I. i. :il feie/nin// love.
3 siii<_'ini.' Softly MND. i. i. 'M feiejnimj voice.
felicitate pple. (S.) : made happy Lr. i. i. 77.
fell sb.: skin Lr. v. iii. 24 flesh eind f. (used quasi-
adv. =entirely) ; covering of hair or wool, fleece
AYL. III. ii. 56, Mac. v. v. 11.
fell adj.: fierce, cruel (freq.); hot, angi-y MND. li.
i. 20 Oheron is peissing fell and ivrath.
fellow sb. (5 in 14tli cent, implied polite condescen-
sion = ' comrade ', 'my friend ' ; in S.'s time this
notion had disappeared, but the word when ad-
dressed to a servant does not seem to have
necessarily implied haughtiness or contempt,
though its application to one not greatly inferior
Avas a gross insult)
1 companion, associate (freq.) Tp. in. iii. 60 ; also
attrib. AYL. iii. ii. 378, Ham. i. ii. 177.
2 partaker, sharer o/Wint. iii. ii. 39.
3 consort, spouse Tp. iii. i. 84*.
4 equal, match MND. iv. 1. S9 yood hay
fellow, Caes. v. iii. 101. Mac. ir. iii. 69.
5 customary title of address to a servant LLL. iv.
i. 103 Thoa,f., a irord, R3 iii. ii. 105 Gramercy,f.:
there, elrinlc that for me, Rom. i. ii. 58 Good den,
flood filloiv.
fellow vb.: to be a 'fellow ' to Wint. i. ii. 143.
fellowly : sympathetic Tp. v. i. 64.
fellowship (see also good-fellowship)
1 partnership, memt)ership MND. i. i. 85 cverleistinfj
bond (iff., Ham. iii. ii. 294 af. in ei cry of players.
2 participation, sharing (in an action, &c.) Tim. v.
ii. 12 H/sfilUiirship i" the ceiuse against your city.
3 cominuiionsliip, company LLL. iv. iii. 49 sweet f.
in sliaiiir, John ill. iv. 3 disjoin'dfrom /., Cor. v. iii.
175, Otli. II. i. 93 Parted ei'urf., Lucr. '790/. in weie.
4 intercourse H8 in. i. 120 all the f. I hold now with
him, llam. il. ii. 300 by the: ri(/hfs of our f.
felonious : wicked, crimiiuil 2110 iii. i. 129. ^ The
technical legal sense rehltill,^ to telony is post-S.
female : womanish, effeminate R2 iii. ii. 114 their
fomile joints.
femietary : old spelling of fumitouy H5 v. ii. 45.
femiter: see fl-.mitek.
hath no
- FIELD
fence sb. (2 occurs only once)
1 art of fencing Ado v. i. 75, John ii. i. 290.
2 defence 3H6 iv. i. 44.
fence vb.: to defend, shield, protect 3H6 ii. vi. 75,
III. iii. 98, Tim. iv. i. 3, Lucr. 63.
fennel : fragrant yellow-flowered perennial, Facni-
culum vnlgare, used in fish-sauces, and regarded
as an emlilem of flattery 2H4 ii. iv. 267 eats conger
and fiHUfJ, Ham. iv. v. 179.
fenny : inhabiting marshland Mac. iv. i. 12.
fen-suck'd : drawn up from marshes Lr. ii. iv. 169.
feodary : see fedary.
fere: spouse Tit. iv. i. 89 the woeful fere... of theit
... elamc. Per. i. Gower 21 (Qq Peere, Ffsi Peer).
fern-seed: ' seed ' of the fern, once supposed to be
invisible and capable of communicating its in-
visibility to any one who possessed it lH4ii. i. 96.
ferret : to worry H5 iv. iv. 30.
fertile: abundant Tw.N. i. v. 276/. tears. ^In
2H4 IV. iii. 132* /. sherrts perhaps = promoting
fertility (fig.).
fertile-fresli : with luxuriant foliage Wiv. v. v. 74.
fervency: eagerness Ant. ii. v. 18. [in. i. 6.
festinate : hasty Lr. iii. vii. 10 ; festinately LLL.
festival: like a feast-day John in. i. 76 kept f.;
joyful Ado V. ii. 42 moo in festival terms.
fet: fetched H5 in. i. 18, R3 ii. ii. 121 (Qq fetcht).
TJCf. deep-fet, far-fct.
fetch sb.: dodge, trick Ham. it. i. 38, Lr. ii. iv. 90.
fetch vb. (3 trans, from the phrase ' fetch a blow ')
1 /". and carry, said orig. of dogs, hence fig. to run
backwards and forwards with news, tales, &e.
Gent. III. i. 276 her master's maid . . . hath more
qualities than a water-spaniel . . . Slie cein f. and
carry.
2 to draw, derive, borrow from a source Meas. in.
i. 80, R2 I. i. 97, 2H4 ii. ii. 130, H5 ii. ii. 116/orm.v,
being f -el From glistering semblances of piety, 0th.
I. ii. 21 //. my life and being From men of royed
siege.
3 to deal a blow at Per. ii. i. 17 I'll f. thee with a
weinnion.
4 to perform (a movement) Mer.V. v. i. 73 F-ing
mad bounds, Cym. i. i. 81 /'// /. « turn about tlie
garden.
fetch about: to take a roundabout course John iv.
ii. 24; fetch in, (1) to close in upon, surround
Ant. IV. i. 14, Cym. iv. ii. 141 ; (2) to take in,
cheat Ado i. i. 233 [225] ; fetch off, to do for, get
the better of Wint. i. ii. 334, 2H4 in. ii. 327.
fettle : to make ready, prepare Rom. in. v. 154.
fever vb. (not pre-S.) : to throw into a fever Ant.
in. xi. [xiii.] 138 The white heind of a ladyf. thee.
feverous: feverish Meas. in. i. T.i a f. life, TroiL
lu.ii. 'Ma fev'rous pulse. Cor. I. iv. 61, Mac. ii. iii. 67.
few: in ftw, in a liew words, in short Tp. i. ii. 144,
Meas. HI. i. 236, H5 i. ii. 245, Ham. i. iii. 120.
fewness: only in /'. and truth, in few words and
truly Meas. l. iv. 39.
fico : Italian for 'fig' AViv. i. iii. 31. Of. figo.
fiddlestick: tlie deed rides upon af., here's a fine
commotion ! 1H4 ii. iv. 543 [535].
fidelity: by my f., upon my word Wiv. iv. ii. 164.
fidiiised : jocular formation on the name Aufidius
Cor. II. i. 146.
field (1 a frei|. sense, 4 common in lit. sense)
1 open country MND. ii. i. 96, Yen. 8.
2 country as opposed to town MND. ii. i. 238 in the
town, the field, in. ii. 398, Cor. ii. il. 126.
3 land as ojiposed to water Otli. i. iii. 135 by flood
andjield, Yen. 454.
4 battle-ground, scene of war (fig.) Ven. lOS Making
my arms his field.
5 battle Mer.V. ii. i. 26 won thru f-s, 1H4 \. v. 16
FIELD-BED —
Hoto (joes the f., IHG v. iii. Vi;itt tlic/., 3Ht)iii. ii.
1 (tt iieiint Allan's yield . . . mis slain, Lucr. 1430.
6 expanse (of sky) Per. i. i. 37 yon field of stars.
7 surface of an eseutdieon on which tlie cliarge is
displaj'ed Lucr. 58; ?in 2H0 iv. ii. 56 with play
on sense 1 ; fig. (with play on sense 4) Lucr. T2
This silent ivar of lilies and 7-oses, . . . in her fair
face's field.
8 green /., green cloth of a counting-house ; ? the
meaning in H5 ll. iii. 18 his nose ints as sharp us
a pen, and (?read on) a table of ijrecn f-s, where
Tlieobald's emendation a' hahbled\ o' green f-s is
generally accepted.
field-bed :" bed in the open field Rom. ii. i. 40.
fielded : engaged in battle Cor. i. iv. 12.
fierce (2 cf. 'fierce credulity,' 'fierce flattery,'
Ben Jonson)
1 proud, haughty 2H6 iv. ix. 45 he isf. and cannot
brook hard lamjnaeje.
2 wild, extravagant, excessive MXD. iv. i. 75 the
f. vexation of a dream, H8 i. i. 54 /. vanities,
Tim. r\'. ii. 30 the f. wretchedness that glori) brings
Its, Cym. V. V. 383 This fierce abridgement.
fife: in Mer.Y. ii. v. 30*^ the ury-neck'd f., either
the instrument or the player.
fift : old form of ' fifth ' (Anglo-Saxon fifta), now
confined to dial. use.
fifteen : = fifteenth ; a tax of one fifteenth formerly
imposed on personal property 2H6 iv. vii. 24.
fig of Spain : contemptuous gesture consisting in
thrusting the thumb between two of the closed
fingers or into the mouth H5 iii. vi. 62 ; hence
fig' vb., to insult (a pereon) by giving him the
'fig'2H4 V. iii. 121.
fig's end : used scornfully as a substitute for some
word just mentioned 0th. ii. i. 258 she is full of
most blessed condition. — Blessed fig's end .'
fight o'er : to fight one after another Tp. iii. iii. 103
I'll fight their legions o'er.
fights : kind of screen used during a naval engage-
ment to conceal and protect the crew of the
vessel Wiv. ii. ii. 144 np with your fights.
figo : Spanish for 'fig" H5 iii. vi. 60/. for thy
friendship, iv. i. 60 Tlie figo for thee.
figTire sb. (3 referred by some to the sense ' horo-
scope, diagram of the aspects of astrological
houses ')
1 distinctive shape or appearance Ado i. i. 15 doing
in the figure of a lamb the feats of a lion.
2 imaginary form, phantasm "Wiv. iv. ii. 234 to
scrape thej-s out of your husbaml's brains, Caes. ii.
i. 231 no figures nor no fantasies.
3 (?) effigy 'SViv. rv. ii. 189* She works... by the figure
(? = operates on a wax effigy of a person, for the
purpose of enchantment).
4 represented character, part en.icted Tp. in. iii. 83
Bravely thef. of this harpy luisf thou Perform'd.
5 written character Tim. v. i. 159 shall ... write in
thee the f-s of their love, v. iii. 7, 0th. i. i. 62.
6 any of the various rhetorical forms of expression,
which are adopted in order to give beauty,
variety, or force Gent. ii. i. 156, LLL. i. ii. 59, v.
i. 68, Shr. I. ii. 115, Ham. ii. ii. 98.
figure vb. :
1 to picture in the mind, imagine Meas. i. ii. 56
Thou, art always figuring diseases in me, Sonn.
eviii. 2, Compl. 199.
2 to portray, represent K3 i. ii. 194 I would I knew
thy heart.— 'Tis figur'd in my tongue.
3 to prefigure, foreshow 3H6 ii. i. 32*.
4 to be a symbol of, represent typically MND. i. i.
237, 2H4 IV. i. 45.
file sb. (2 and 3 are not pre-Eliz.)
1 list, roll AU'sW. iv. iii. 190 the musler-f, 2H4 i.
81 —FINE
iii. 10, HS I. i. 75 tlie f. Of all thegenlnj, Mac. in.
i. 95 the tuludfile.
2 the number of men constituting the depth from
front to rear of a formation in line ; often used
loosely for 'ranks, numbers, army' AU'sW. iir.
iii. 9 O'reat Mars, I put myself into thy f.,iY. iii. 305
the doubling of f-s {^Tputting two files into one
and so making the ranks smaller). Cor. v. v. [vi.]
34, Tim. V. ii. 1 are his f-s As full eis thy report ?,
Ant. I. i. 3, IV. i. 12.
3 body (of persons), properly, a small one H8 i. ii.
42, V. iv. 60 a/, of boys. Cor. ii. i. 26 us o' the right-
hand f. ( = the patricians), Cym. v. iii. 30 (' three
who are really active practically constitute the
whole troop'); hence in phrases the greater f.,
the majority Meas. in. ii. 148 The common f., the
common herd Cur. i. vi. 43.
file vb.' : to rub smooth with a file Tw.N. iii. iii. 5,
Wint. IV. iii. [iv.] 626 ; (hence) to polish, refine
neatly LLL. v. i. 12 his tongue [is] f-d. Tit. ii. i.
123 she shall f. our engines with advice, Sonn. Ixxxv.
i precious phrase by'all the JJusesf-d (Qfil'd) ; in
Sonn. Ixxxvi. 13 some, after Ma'lone, read //'(/,
but qhasfild=filled.
file vb.- : to defile Mac. in. i. 65 For Banquo's issue
have Ifil'd my mind.
file vb.' : to march in line, keep pace ((•///( H8 in. ii.
172 (Ff >•//•(?, as also Ffi2 in Wint. iv. iii. [iv.J
626 : See file vb.').
fill sb. : pi. thills or shafts of a cart Troil. in. ii. 46 ;
cf. FILL-HORSE.
fill vb.: to satiate, satisfy 115 iv. i. 289, Tim. i. i.
271 to see meat fill kmnes, Sonn. Ivi. 5 fill Thy
hungry eyes ; also inti'. to be satiated Yen. 648
glutton-like she feeds, yet never filleth ; fill up,
(1) to come up to the measure of, equal LLL. v.
ii. 194 How many inches do fill up one mile ; (2) to
fulfil, satisfy Mer.V. iv. i. 160 comes . . . to fill up
yuur Grace's request in, my stead.
fill-horse: shaft-hoi-se Mer.V. ii. ii. 103 (old edd.
phil-, mod. thill-).
film sb.: fine thread, as of gossamer Rom. i. iv. 04
(Fi Qq PItilome, others fil me). [iv. 147.
film vb. (not pre-S.) : to cover with a film Ham. in.
filthy (1 is peculiar to S.)
1 murky, thick H5 in. iii. 31, Mac. i. i. 12.
2 disgraceful, contemptible, scurvy Shi-, iv. iii. 65,
1H4 III. iii. 79, Tim. l. i. 203, Lr. n. ii. 17 filthy
. . . knave, 0th. v. ii. 155 her most filthy bargain.
fijich egg (contemptuous epithet) : Troil. v. i. 41.
find (obsolete uses are the foil.)
1 f. forth = &nd out Err. I. ii. 37, Mer.V. i. i. 144.
2 to experience, feel Meas. in. i. IS f-s a pang, Cor.
v. iii. Ill We must find An evident calamity.
3 to discover the true character of, esp. to discover
the weakness of All'sW. ii. iv. 34, v. ii, 47, 1H4
I. iii. 3, H5 IV. i. 279 / am a king that f. thee (viz.
ceTemony), 0th. n. i. 254.
4 to provide, furnish H5 i. ii. 72 Tof. his title with
sotiie shows of truth.
find- fault : fault-finder H5 v. ii. 296. TJ Survives
in Lancashire and Somei-set.
finding: thing found "Wint. in. iii. 132.
fine sb. (3 extension of the sense ' pecuniaiy mulct ')
1 end Ado i. i. 255 [247] the f. is, . . . I will live a
bachelor, All'sW. iv. iv. 35, Ham. v. i. 113 is this
tlief. of his f-s; esp. in the phrase in f., m the
end, finally All'sW. in. vii. 19, 1H6 i. iv. 34,
Ham. II. ii. 69, Lr. ii. i. 50 ;— All'sW. iv. iv. 36
thef-'s the crown, probably a translation of the
Latin ' Finis coronat opus '.
2 amicable agreement of a fictitious suit for the
possession of lands, formerly in vogue where the
ordinary modes of conveyance were not available
FINE-
or equally efficacious Ham. v. i. 112 ; /. and
recovu-y, means by which an estate tail was
converted into a feersimple, hence = absolute
ownership Wiv. iv. ii. 229, quibblingly in Err.
II. ii. 76. [65.
3 penalty, punishment Meas. ir. ii.40, Cor.v.v. [vi.]
fine adj. ithe unliuary material senses occur ; 5 or 6
is often blentletl with tlie sense of 'excellent,
admirable')
1 (of gold) containing a certain proportion of pui-e
metal, specified in carats 2H4 iv. v. 160 Other
[gold], less fine in curat.
2 (of wine) clear 2H4 v. iii. 46.
3 consummate, egregious Wiv. v. i. \9tlief-s( mad
devil of jealousy, 0th. iv. i. 153 a fine foot.
4 highly accomplished or skilful Shr. i. ii. 177 .1
/. mnsiciun, Cics. i. i. 10 af. icorkinitn, Ant. u. vi.
63 yniir fine E<iijplian coriktry.
5 exquisitely fashioned, delicately beautiful Tp. i.
ii. 317 F. apparition, LLL. i. i. 63 some mistress/.,
Rom. II. i. ly herf. foot, Ham. ii. ii. 476 [467] more
handsome than fine.
6 refined, delicate, subtle (in various applications)
Ado m. iv. 22, LLL. i. ii. 59, AYL. iii. ii. 363
Your eiccent is somethinr/ f-r, All'sW. v. iii. 273
ttiov, art loo f. in thy evidence, 1H4 iv. i. 2 if speak-
iwj truth In this/, aeje were not thoiir/ht Aatiery.
fine adv.: delicately, subtly Cym. i. i. 84 Now/, this
tyrant Can tickle where she wounds; niincingly
LLL. V. i. 22 to speak clout,/., when he should say,
doubt.
fine vb.' : to bring to an end Lucr. 936'^ Time's office
is to fine the hate o//oes.
fine vb.2 (2 cf. fine sb'^)
1 to pay as a fine or penalty H5 iv. vii. 73 I have
fin d these bones o/ mine /or ransom.
2 to punish Meas. ii. ii. 40 To/, the/anlts, iir. i. 113,
K2 11. i. 248 the nobles hath he /-'d For ancient
(/itarrels.
fine-baited : subtly alluring Wiv. ii. i. 98.
fineless (S. coinage) : infinite 0th. iii. iii. 173.
fineness: subtlety Troil. i. iii. 209.
fing'er vb.: to pilfer, filch 3H6 v. i. 44, Ham. v. ii.
15 Fini/er'd their pocket.
finical : excessively particular in dress Lr. ii. ii.
I'J i/lass-i/azinf/ . . . finical roijue.
finish: to die Ant. v. ii. 192, iCym. v. v. .36, 413.
Pinsbury : ' Finsbury Fields outside Moorgate
were the archery ground of the Londoners, and
a favourite resort of citizens and their wives '
1H4 HI. i. 256.
firagfo : meant for ' virago ', which does not other-
wise occur Tw.N. iii. iv. 305.
fire: Tphrascs •.—(/ive /., discharge a volley Wiv. ir.
ii. 145 ; fig. Lucr. 1604 Tlirce times with sighs she
gives her sorrow /.; — rjive the /., give the order to
discharge a volley, iig. Gent. ii. iv. 39 A /. ivlhy
o/ words . . . you gave the/. ; — put one's fiwji r in tin
/., meddle with dangerous matter Wiv. l. iv. 91.
fire-drake : proijcrly, fiery dragon, or fiery meteor ;
applieil to a man with a red nose H8 v. iv. 46.
fire-eyed (1H4 iv. i. 114, Rom. iir. i. 130 Qi only)
and fire-new (LLL. i. i. 177, R3 i. iii. 256, Lr. v.
iii. 134) are not pre-S.; fire-robed (Wint. iv. iii.
[iv.] 29) is app. only S., and fire-work(s in the
sense of ' pyrotechnic display ' is not pre-S.
firk: to beat, trounce H5 iv. iv. 29, 33.
firm: well-ascertained, certain Mer.V. iv. i. 53.
first (senses 3 (i) and 3 (ii), although really distinct,
cannot always be separated)
1 in heraldry the/, -the colour first mentioned in
blazoning a coat of arms (fig.) MNI). iii. ii. 213
Twoo/the/.f, like coats in heraldry (old edd./. li/e).
2 (one's)/., the beginning or outset (of one's period
82 — FIXDBE
of life, action, &c.) Tim. i. i. 119 //-ow my/., Mac.
V. ii. 11 their/, o/ manhood. Ham. ii. ii. 61 Upon
onr/., Lr. v. iii. 290 your/, o/ difference and decay.
3 at first, also at the/, in senses (i) and (ii):
(i) at the outset, in the first stage, on the first
occasion, (hence) originally Gent. ii. vi. 9, in. i.
95, Wint. I. ii. 336, 1H6 ii. i. 51, iv. i. 121 let it rest
where it beyan at/., R3 v. iii. 311, Ham. ii. ii. 192
he knew me not at/., 0th. ii. iii. 361 ; also at /. and
last, from beginning to end 1H6 v. v. 102, Mac.
III. iv. 1 ; since at /., ever since, from tlie time
wlien Err. ii. ii. 5, Sonn. lix. 8 ;
(ii) from tlic beginning, directly, at once Mer.V.
IV. i. 68 Every offence is not a hate at/., Shr. v. ii.
68 To come at/, when he doth send/or her, Cym. i.
iv. 117, 11. V. 15, Yen. 250, Sonn. xc. 12 ;
(iii) before others Cor. i. i. 137 True is it . . . That
I iiruK Ihi iji n< rat /md III first.
first-conceived : liist lieanl l'H6 hi. ii. 44. [147.
firstling's: first fruits Troil. Prol. 27, Mac. iv. i.
fist: to punch 2H4 u. i. 25, Cor. iv. v. 131, Per. iv.
vi. 182.
fit sb.: paroxysm of lunacy, formerly regarded as
a periodic disease Err. iv. iii. 91, Tit. iv. i. 17,
Ham. IV. i. 8 ; fit o/ the /ace, grimace H8 i. iii. 7 ;
applied to critical times Cor. in. ii. 33 The violent
fit o' the time, Mac. iv. ii. 17 The fits o' the season.
fit adj. (2 now only dial. exc. with ' for ' or ' to ')
1 of the right measure or size, well fitting Gent. iv.
iv. 169, LLL. IV. i. 50 One o' these maids' girdles /or
your waist should be fit, AU'sW. i. i. 114, Cym. iv.
I. 2 How fit Itis garments serve me.'; fig. AU'sAV.
II. ii. 21 Will goiir answer serve fit to tdl questions?.
Ham. IV. V. 10, Lr. i. ii. 20>3All with me's meet thai
I can /ash ion fit.
2 prepared, ready Meas. iii. i. 268, Mer.V. v. i. 85
fit /or treasons. Cor. i. iii. 48 We are fit to bid he.''
welcome, 0th. ill. iv. 165.
fit vb. (obs. uses are as follows)
1 to be fitting or suitable Rom. i. v. 79 It fits, when
.such a villain is a guest.
2 to agree or harmonize with Tit. iii. i. 265 it fits
not with this hour, Lr. in. ii. 76 ; construed with
to John v. vi. 19.
3 to be suitable for, answer the requirements of
Wiv. II. i. 166 she'll fit if.
4 to furnish (a person with something) Gent. ii. vii.
■i2 fit me with sitch weeds. Ado i. i. 3291321], All'sW.
II. i. 93 I'll fit you, H8 ii. i. 99, Cym. v. v. 21.
fitchew : polecat Troil. v. i. 67, Lr. iv. vi. 125 ;
used as a term of contempt 0th. iv. i. 148.
fitful : marked by fits or paroxysms Mac. m. ii. 23
li/e's /. /ever. ^ Used once by S., the earliest
authority for the word, and popularized in
various applications by mod. writers.
fitly : at a fitting time Tim. in. iv. 113, Lr. i. ii. 190
/ IV ill fitly bring you to hear my lord speak.
fitment (not pre-S.; the S. exx. are the only in-
stances till the 19th cent., when the word is
used in the sense of ' fittings ')
1 preparation Cym. v. v. 410.
2 duty Per. iv. vi. 6.
fitness : readiness, inclination (S.) Ham. v. ii. 209*
>/ his fitness speaks, mine is ready (Qa).
fitted : driven as l)y fits or paroxysms out o/a place
Sonn. cxix. 7.
five-finger-tied : (?) exaggerated expression for
' tied very securely ' Troil. v. ii. 154.
fives ( = ' vives ', aphetic form of ' avi ves ') : disease
ofthe parotid glands in younghorses Shr. 111. ii. 56.
fixture : fixing Wiv. m. iii. 67 the firm/, of thif/oot
(Vim fi.cure) ; fixedness Troil. i. iii. 101 (Ffs^).
fixure: fixedness, stability Wint. v. iii. 67% Troil.
I. iii. 101 (Pin fijcturO,
FLAKE -
flake: lock ofliair Lr. iv. vii. 20 thcst iihile fiitkat.
flaky : broken into Hakes of cloml K:^ v. iii. H7.
flamen : priest in ancient Rome devoted to tlic
service of a particular deity Cor. ii. i. 232, Tim.
IV. iii. 156. [111.
flaming: liiglily-coloiired, high-down Troil. i. ii.
flannel: ludicrously used to designate a Welshman
Wiv. V. V. 17ti to unsH'tr the Vi'ilsli Jiatind.
flap-dragon: raisin or the like u.sed in the game
of snapdragon LLL. v. i. 46 thou art easier swalloicid
than a/.; hence as vb., to swallow as one would
a ' flap-dragon ' Wint. m. iii. 100.
flapjack: pancake Per. ii. i. 88.
flap-mouthed : having broad hanging lips Ven.
ll'JU AiKitlirr flnp-moiilh'd iitoiirner.
flare : to stream in the wind Wiv. iv. vi. 42.
flat sl>.: level grouru.1, plain Ham. v. i. 274 Till of
this/, a mountain you have made ; swamp Tp. ii.
ii. 2 bo(/s, fens, f-s; shallow, shoal Mer.V. i. i. 26,
John V. vi. 40.
flat adj. (not very frcq.; chiefly in fig. uses)
1 absolute, downright Meas. ii. ii. 131/. blasphemy,
Ado II. i. 231 the /. trunsyression of a schoolboy,
IV. ii. 45, John iir. i. 298; that's/, (not pre-S.
=that's the absolute, undeniable truth LLL. iii.
i. 107, lH4i. iii. 218, iv. ii. 43.
2 stupid, dull H5i. Chor. 9/. unraised spirits, Troil.
IV. i. 62 a flat tamed piece.
flat-long": with the flat side downward Tp. ii. i. 188.
flatness : .ibsoluteness Wint. iii. ii. 123.
flatter vb.' :
1 to try to please by obsequious speech or conduct
AYL. IV. i. 194 that f-itir/ tonfjue of yours, R2 ir.
1. 87 / mock my nauie, yreat kin;/, to f. thee ; also
intr. /. ifith 1(2 ii. i. 88 Should dying men f. ivith
those that lite ?.
2 to gratify the vanity or self-esteem of Cses. ir. i.
208 tvhen I tell him he hales f-crs. He says he docs,
being then most flattered.
3 to encouiage with hopeful or pleasing representa-
tions Slir. Ind. i. 44 a f-ing dnam, 2H4 i. iii. 29
F-ing himself with (Q in) project of a power Much
stnalkr than the smallest of his tlmughts, Ven. 989
liope . . . dothf. thee in thouyhtsvidikcly ; also intr.
/. with Gent. iv. iv. 195 Unless If. icith mysdf too
much, Tw.N. i. v. 324 not to f. with his lord, Nor
hold liim up ivith hopes. [978.
4 to please with the belief or suggestion that Ven.
5 to represent too favourably Gent. iv. iv. 194 the
paintirf-'d her a little, John ii. i. 503 Brawn in the
flattering table of her eye.
6 flatter up, pamper, coddle LLL. v. ii. 822.
flatter vli.-' : to flutter Cor. v. v. 116 (Ff 34 Flutter'd).
flatteringf : uscil adv. =flatteringlyl?om. 11. ii. 14L
flattery: gratifying deception, delusion (S.) 0th.
IV. i. 131 she is persuaded I xvM marry her, out of
her oicn lore and flattery, Sonn. xlii. 14.
flaunts: finery Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 23.
flaw sb.' (1 by some referred to flaw sb.^)
1 flake of snow 2H4 I v. iv. 35* as sudden As f-s con-
gealed in the spring of day.
2 fragment Lr. 11. iv. 288* thisheart Shall break into
a liundred thousand flatus.
3 crack, fissure (fig.) Ant. iii. x. [xii.]34 Observe how
Antony becomes his flaw.
4 defect, blemish LLL. v. ii. 416' sound, sans crack
or flaw.
flaw sb.^:
1 sudden burst or squall of wind 2H6 iii. i. 354, Cor.
V. iii. 74 a great seamark, standing every f., Hani.
V. i. 238 winter's flaw. Per. 111. i. 39.
2 outburst of feeling or passion Meas. 11. iii. 11 the
f-s of her own youth, Mac. in. iv. 03 these f-s and
starts.
83 — FI.ZGKT
flaw vb. : to make a flaw in, damage, mar H8 1. i. 95
France hathf-'d the league, I. ii. 21, Lr. v. iii. 198
hisf-'d heart . . . "fwixt two extremes of passion . . .
Burst smilingly.
flax : as the material of which a wick is made 2H6
v. ii. 55 od and flax.
flax-wench : female flax-worker Wint. i. ii. 277.
flay: to skin : (hence, jocularly) to strip (a person
of his clothes) Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 658 (old edd. fled).
fleckled : dappled Kom. 11. iii. 3/. darkness (Qi and
mod. ed(\. flecked ; •a]so flecker' ilf).
fledge :
1 to bring vp (a young bird) till its feathers are
grown and it can fly Mer.V. lii. i. S2 knew the bird
was fledged.
2 to cover with down 2H4 i. ii. 22 the juvenal . . .
irhose chin ts not yet fledged.
flee: used for 'fly' LLL. in. i. 68, 2H4 i. i. 123
arrows fled (.flyf) not swiftir, Ven. 947.
fleece: transf. head or mass of hair Tit. ii. iii. 34
Uly fleece of n'oolly liair, Sonn. Ixviii. 8.
fleer sb. (not pre-S.) : sneer 0th. iv. i. 83.
fleer vb.: to smile or grin contemptuously, gibe or
sneer at Ado v. i. 58, LLL. v. ii. 109, Rom. i. v,
61, Ci«s. I. iii. 117 no fleering tell-tale.
fleet (the sense ' pass away, vanish ' is frcq.)
1 to be afloat Ant. in. xi. [xiii.] 171.
2 to pass (time) AYL. i. i. 126.
flesh sb. (3 referred by some to 1)
1 inf., in good condition Rom. v. i. ?A(jet thyself in f.
2 strange f., unusual or loathsome food Ant. l. iv. 67.
3 visible surface of the body Ant. i. ii. 19* fairer
tliein you are . . . in flesh.
4 piece off, liuman being, sample of liumanitj^ Ado
IV. ii. 88 as jiretty a piece of f., AYL. in. li. 69,
Tw.N. I. V. 'iQ piece of Ere' s flesh .
5 human nature with its limitations and frailties
H8 V. iii. 12 capeible Of our f.. Ham. in. i. 63 the
thouseind ncdured shocks That f. is heir to, Sonn.
cli. 8 flesh stays no farther reason.
flesh vb. (the orig. meaning was ' to reward a hawk
or a hound with a piece of the flesh of the game
killed to excite its eagerness in the chase ')
1 to initiate in or inure to bloodshed John v. i. 71
/. his spirit in a weir-like soil, Lr. 11. ii. 50 come,
I'll flesh ye.
2 to inflame the ardour or rage of (a person) by a
foretaste of success, &c. Tw.N. iv. 1. 44 you are
well f-ed, 2H4 i. i. 149/-'rf with conquest, H5 11. iv.
tiQ flcslt'd upon us.
3 to ]dunge (a weapon) into flesh 2H4 iv. v. 131 the
ii'del dog Shall f. Iiis tooth in every innocent; —
/■. one's maiden sword, use it for the first time in
"battle 1H4 v. iv. 132, 1H6 iv. vii. 36 Did f. his
puny snvrel in Frenclnnen's blood.
4 to gratify (hist) All'sW. iv. iii. 19 he f-s his will
in the spoil of ill r honour.
flesh'd: inured to bloodshed, hardened H5 iir. iii.
11 the flesh'd soldier, R3 IV. iii. Q flesh'd rillains.
fleshly : consisting of flesh John iv. ii. 245.
fleshment (S.): excitement resulting from a first
success (cf. FLESH vb. 2) Lr. 11. ii. 130 in the f. of
this dread exploit.
flesh-monger : fornica-tor Meas. v. i. 333.
flew'd: having large chaps MND. iv. i. 126.
Plibbertigiljbet : Lr. ni. iv. 118, iv. i. 62 one of
the names I if fiends taken from Harsnet's ' Decla-
ration of egregious Popish Impostures', 1603.
flickeringf: shining with unsteady light Lr. 11.
ii. 114/. Phoebus' front (Qqia printed fiitkering,
Q 3 fletkering, Ff flicking).
flight sb. (1 cf. ' You must liaue diuerse shaftes of
one flight, fethered with diuerse winges, for
diuerse windes,' Ascham 'Toxophilus ', 1545)
FLIGHTY
1 of the stl/saiiief., liaving tlie same power of fliglit,
applied to arrows ofequal size and weight Mer.V.
I. i. 142.
2 flock (of birds) Tit. v. iii. 68 ; transf. company
(of angels) Ham. v. ii. 374.
3 long-distance shooting with special arrows called
' flights ' or ' flight-arrows ' Ado i. i. 40' challcwjtd
Cupid at ttie fiijilU.
fligfhty adj.: swift Mac. w. i. 145.
flingf (2 used of animals from the 14th cent.)
1 to dash, rush Tim. JV. ii. 45 Hes fiiiwj in rayc
from this inrji-alcful seat 0/ monstrous friends.
2 to kick and plunge violently Mac. ii. iv. 16
Duncan's horses. ..broke ilieir stalls, fiang out.
flirt-ffill (not pre-S.): woman of light or loose
beliaviour Rom. II. iv. 163. ^ ' Gill ' is a pet form
of ' Juliana'.
flock : tuft of wool 1H4 II. i. 7.
flood (fig. uses are fairly numerous)
1 freq. used of large bodies of water, rivers, the sea
(Mer.V. IV. i. 72 tlie main /.), also for water as
opposed to land (MND. ii. i.5 Through f, tlirouijli
fire, 0th. I. iii. 135 hy f. and field) ; hence, of
streams of tears and blood.
2 flowing in of the tide Gent. ir. iii. 48 in losing the
f. [thoii'lt] lose thij voyage, John v. vii. 64 Deroured
'ill the ■unexpected /., Cses. IV. iii. 218 a tide . . .
ialiuintth, fl<,id.
flood-gate' : sluice 1H4 ii. iv. 440, Ven. 959.
flood-gate-: strong stream, torrent ; used adj. =
torrential 0th. i. iii. 56 my . . . grief Is ofsof. etnd
o'erbearing nature. TJCf. 'Outoi' her gored wound
the crueli Steele He lightly snatcht, and did the
floud-gate stop With his faire garment,' Spenser.
floor: /. of heaien, the sky Mer.V. v. i. 58; app.
transf. from the meaning of 'ceiling', which is
found in Holland's ' Plutarch ', 1603.
flote: sea (S.) Tp. i. ii. 234 the Mediterraneem f.
TI The usu. meaning (1480-1660) is ' wave, billow.'
flourish, sb.: ostentatious embellishment, gloss,
varnish LLL. ii. i. 14, iv. iii. 238Lend me tlief. of
all gentle tniii/uis, 1x3 I. iii. 241, iv. iv. 82, Ham. ii.
ii. 91 sinci hn i i/y is the soul of wit. And tediousness
the limbs and outward flourishes, v. ii. 187.
floiirish vb.:
1 to embellish Meas. iv. i. 76.
2 to brandish a sword (intr.) Tit. r. i. 310 him that
f-'dfor her itith his sirord, Cfes. III. ii. 197 Whilst
bloody treason fltntrish'd over us.
flotit : to (niiite with sarcastic purpose Add, i. 298
ere i/nn. Jloat old ends any further.
floiiting-stock in the form vlouting- : object of
nioikery Wiv. lii. i. 120 ; used for 'flout' iv. v.
83/i(// of gibes etnd vlouting-stocks.
flow sb. :
1 stream (fig.) H8 i. i. 152 /. of gall, Tim. ii. ii. 3
cease his f. of riot, v. iv. 76 o\ir brain's f. ( = tears) ;
phr. set eil flow, cause to weep Tim. ii. ii. 173.
2 rise of the tide Tp. v. i. '270; fig. 1H4 I. ii. 43,
Troil. II. iii. 140, Tim. ii. ii. 152.
3 rise of water in general Ant. ii. vii. 20 /Ac/, o'
the }iile, Lucr. 651 Tlie petty streams that . . . Add
to his [the sea's] flow.
flow vb. (pa. pple. once flown All'sW. ir. i. 142)
1 to circulate Meas. i. iii. 52 Lord Angela . . . scarce
confesses That his blood f-s, Cym. ill. iii. 93 The
princely blood flows in Itis cheek.
2 flow orer, overflow Ant. v. ii. 24.
3 fig. to issue {from a source) Per. iv. iii. 27 he did
ii'it f. From lionourable sources; of. All'sW. ii. i.
142V/)-<;((/ floods heive flown From simple sources.
4 (of the sea, iiC.) to rise and advance AYL. ii. vii.
72 Doth it (sc. pride) not f. as hugely as the sea.
5 to rise and overflow (fig.) Troil. v. ii. 39 You f. to
84 - TOIL
e/reat distraction.
0 to overflow with tears H8 Prol. 4, Cor. v. iii. 99,
Sonn. XXX. 5 an eye, unus'd to flow.
7 to abound in, overflow with Ado iv. i. 251, Wint.
V. i. 102 your verse F-'d with Iter beauty once, Roui.
ir. iv. 42 the numbers that I'etrarch flowed in.
flower : bloom, beauty (S.) Per. in. ii. 96.
flower-de-luce :
1 iris Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 127.
2 the heraldic lily, borne upon the royal arms of
France 1H6 i. i. 80, i. ii. 99, 2H6 v. i. 11 ; hence
applied to Princess Katharine H5 v. ii. 223.
flowering :
1 blooming (fig.) H5 m. iii. 14 ; /. youth, bloom of
manhood IHb ii. v. 66.
2 flowery 2H6 in. i. 228 the snake, roU'd in af. hank,
Rom. III. ii. 73 0 serpent heart, hid with a f. face
(cf. Mac. I. V. 66 look like the innocent flower. But
be the serpent under't).
flowery : full of or expressed in flowers of speech
(not pre-S.) Meas. iii. i. 81*.
flowing: abundant, copious H8 ii. iii. 02.
fluent: copious (cf. prec.) H5 in. vii. 36.
flush (not pre-Eliz.; 1 and 2 not pre-S.)
1 full Tim. V. iv. 8 Now the time is flush.
2 full of life, lusty, vigorous Ham. iii. iii. 81 asf.
as May (Ff fresh). Ant. I. iv. b2 flush youth.
flushing: redness Ham. i. ii. 155.
fluster: to excite with drink 0th. ii. iii. 61.
flux: discharge AYL. iii. ii. 71 the very uncleanly
f. of a cat ; continuous stream (of people) ii. i. 52.
fluxive (not pre-S.): flowing Compl. 50/. eyes.
fly (often used in the senses of ' flee ')
1 trans, and intr. (of a falconer) to cause a hawk to
fly at game 2H6 ii. i. 1 flying at the brook (see
BROOK sb.), Ham. ii. ii. 459 [450] We'll e'en to' I like
French falconers, fly at anything ice see.
2 fly off, desert Lr. ir. iv. 91 The images of revolt
and flying off { = rehe]\ion and desertion), Ant. ll.
ii. 159 and never F. off our lores again ; fly outf
rnsh out, break out Cor. i. x. 19 [3Iy valour] Shall
f. out of itself (' s\va\\ deviate from its own native
generosity,' J.), Cym. in. iii. 90 his spirits f. out
Into my story, iv. iv. 54 their blood thinks scorn,
Till it f. out and show them princes born.
fly-bitten : fly-specked 2H4 n. i. 163.
fly-slow t (Pope) : slowly passing R2 i. iii. 150 The
/. hours (Qqi-4 slie slow, Qs Ffiai slye slow, F,
flye slow ; many conj.).
fotosb.f: Err. iv. iii. 24 (old edd. .<tob ; conj. bobf).
fob vb.: to cheat, deceive, delude 1H4 i. ii. 08, 0th.
IV. ii. 197 (see fop); /. off', (1) put off deceitfully
2H4 II. i. 39 (old edd. fub) ; (2) set aside by a trick
Cor. I. i. 99 to fob off our disgrace with ei tale.
foil sb.' : setting of a jewel, (hence fig.) that which
sets something off to advantage R2 i. iii. 266 as
f. ichireifi thou art to set The precious jewel of thy
home return, 1H4 i. ii. 237, R3 v. iii. 251, Ham.
v. ii. 209 I'll be your f., Laertes; in mine igno-
rance Yourskillshall.. . Slickfli ry eiff'indud, Compl.
153 thef. Of this false jnrt'l ; in Ant. i. iv. 24 Ff
foyl{e)s is by some referred to this word, but see
FOIL sb.2 2.
foil sb." (1 orig. a term of wrestling=' the flict of
being almost thrown, a throw not resulting in
a flat fall ')
1 defeat, repulse, clieck 1H6 iii. iii. 11 ; \)\\r.give
thef., put to thef.=gi\e a check to Tp. ill. i. 46,
lH6v. iii. 23.
2 (?) disgrace, stigma Ant. i. iv. 24* (mod. edd.
.soils f; Fffoylieis).
foil sb.3 : light fencing weapon Ado v. ii. 14, Ham.
II. ii. 343 [3.34], v. ii. 182, &c.
foil vb.: to throw in wrestling AYL. i. i. 138, &c.;
roiN-
to ovcicoiuc, duleatSHO V. iv. 42, Troil. i. iii. a72,
Cor. I. ix. 48, Vun. 114, Sonn. xxv. 10 Afttr a
thousand vicloika unccf-'d ; (hence) to IV list rati-,
render nugatory or of no ctt'ect Otli. i. iii. 27i
C^H t'oyles, FffiuKi), Cym. ii. iii. 120 (mod. edd.
w(/t), rilgr- vii. 15 [•••']•
foin sb.: thrust in louciiiu Lr. iv. vi. 2b2 ; so foin
vh. Wiv. 11. iii. L'4, 2114 ii. i. 19.
foison: pleiitiiul crop or harvest Tp. iv. i. 110
F.itiih's mcrfase, f. pknly, Bntux <tnd (junurs
iicnr (iiip/i/, Meas. i. iv. 43, Ant. ii. vii. 23 //
(kioih Or /. J'utlow; pi. resources Mac. iv. iii. 8S.
fold: embrace (S.) Troil. iii. iii. 224.
follow (.4 used more widely tlian now)
1 to pursue as an enemy 2H4 iv. iii. 27, Cor. in. iii.
137, IV. v. 104 / lime lurf-'d Hue with link, Ant.
V. i. 30 0 Antonii! I liiive/olloii'd Hue to lliis.
2 to prosecute (a thing in hand), carry tlirougli,
' follow up ' Tw.N. V. i. 377, 2H4 i. i. 21 u diii/^tio
fuuijlit, so fullow'd, and soj'airlij nan, H5 ii. iv. 08.
3 'to imitate, copy MND. ii. i. 131, Wint. v. ii. 63.
4 to engage in (a pursuit), practise (a calling), apply
one-self to Tw.N. i. iii. 101, John ii. i. 31/. urmx,
Cor. IV. V. 35, Lr. n. ii. \bl f-inii lur affairs.
follower: pursuer 3H6 i. iv. 22, Cor. i. iv. 44.
following": ensuing Lucr. 180 W'lmtf. sorrow.
folly : lewdness, wantonness Wiv. ii. ii. 258, iii. ii.
30, Meas. lir. i. 89, Troil. v. ii. 18, Otli. ll. i. 137,
V. ii. 130.
folly-fall'n : lapsed into folly Tw.N. iii. i. 76.
fond adj. (the mod. sense ' liaving a strong affection
or liking for' is first recorded from S., wlio con-
strues it with o/Wint. i. ii. 104, John in. iv. 92,
98, 0th. V. ii. 165, and on MND. u. i. 200, Sonn.
Ixxxiv. 14; a contemporary sense, 'foolishly
affectionate, doting', is doubtfully represented)
1 infatuated, foolish, silly (the commonest sense
in S. and in the Eliz. period, since when the
literary use has been narrowed to that of
' foolishly credulous or .sanguine ').
2 trifling, trivial Meas. ii. ii. 149/. sicks, Ham. i. v.
99 triiinl/ond records.
3 eager (for), desirous (of): construed with o/ Cor.
V. iii. 102, Cym. i. i. 37 Tlun old and f. oj issue ;
with icilli Lucr. 134 ; with iiilinitive AYL. il. iii. 7.
fond vb. : to dote on Tw.N. li. ii. 35.
fondling" : Yen. 229 (a) darling, pet, (b) pres. pplc.
ol the verb 'luiidlc ' ; either interpretation malies
tliis the earliest evidence for the words.
food: in/ijijit, while eating Err. v. i. 83.
fool sb.' {the jihrase af. to = in every way inferior
to Shr. III. ii. 160 is not pre-S.)
1 (with an adj. as flood, poor) used as a term of
endearment or pity Gent. iv. iv. 10 i, Ado ii. i.
32S, Tw.N. V. i. 381, Wint. ii. i. 117, 3H0 ii. v. 30,
IJom. I. iii. 31, Lr. v. iii. 307.
2 (somebody's) dupo or sport LLL. v. ii. 68, Tw.N.
lir. i. 158 noio I am i/onr /., liom. in. i. 142 / am
Fortune's f., Mac. ir. i. 44 Jline cijis are made the
f-s o' the other senses. Ham. i. iv. 54 we f-s of
nature, Lr. ii. ii. 132, 0th. i. iii. 389.
3 born idiot, ' natural fool ' All'sW. iv. iii. 213 the
shrktc's /. = An idiot maintained by the sheriff,
who was responsible to the crown.
4 used as adj. = foolish Mer.V. i. i. 102, ii. ix. 26.
fool sb.- : kind of custard or dish of whipped cream
Troil. V. i. 10 (qiiibblingly) thou fall dish of fool.
fool vb. (rare use) : to make a fool of Lr. n. iv. 278.
fool-beg'ged : (?) idiotic, foolish Err. ii. i. 41 This
/. jmticncc. TJ The formation of this compound
is obscure ; Nares explains, ' so foolish that the
guardianshipof it might well be begged ': see beg.
fool-born: (?) proceeding from a foor2H4 v. v. 00
u fool-born jest.
85 — roR
fooling : humour for jesting Tw.N. i. v. 35.
foolish: u.-ied depreciatingly in speaking of one'.s
uwn things Mer.\\ i. ii. 128 mij /. tijcs, Kuni. i. v.
120 1V( hare a /rijinii/ foolish Imiuiiut toirnrds. n',
foolish-compounded: composedof folly 2H4i. ji'
foolish-witty : foolish in one's wisdom Ven. 838!
fool's head : i'ou shall hace An /. of your oitn Wiv!
iv. 131 (with quibble on Anne); cf. Ass-HiiAii
and ■ Hhee makes liim sec a Fooles head of his
own ' (Bretoij, 1577).
foot sb. : phr. at /., close behind Ham. iv. iii. 57,
Ant. I. V. 44 ;— o;(/.(i) standingTroil. i. iii.l35te//,v
Troy onf.; (ii) moving, astir Cur. iv. iii. 49, Veu.
079 lehen than hast onf. the purblind hare ; (iii) in
active employment or operation LLL. v. ii. 755
since love's ari/umtnt was first onf.\—f. tof., witli
one's foot against one's opponent's, in close com-
bat Ant. III. vii. 66 ;— /. and hand, putting the
foot foi ward and dealing a blow at the same time
1H4 II. iv. 245 \—set on (one's) /., start on one's
way C»s. II. i. 331 \—Upon thef. of fear, in flight
1H4 V. V. 20 (cf. Mac. n. iii. 132 Vpon the /. of
motion).
foot vb. (the use of/. )i!= 'dance' Tp. i. ii. 379 F. il
featly here and there, has been mucli imitated by
later writers ; 4 said of birds of prey, csp. hawks,
in 10-17th cent.)
1 intr. to go on foot, walk Wiv. ii. i. 124 thieves elo
f. by night ; trans, to tread Lr. ill. iv. 123 Switliold
f-ed thrice the old ( = wold).
2 pass, to be settled or established H5 ii. iv. 143 he
is f-ed in this hind alreadi/, Lr. in. vii. 45 ; to be
laiuled Lr. in. iii. 14 (Qf( landid).
3 to kick Mer.V. i. iii. 119, Cym. in. v. 149.
4 to dutch Cym. v. iv. 116 the lioly eayle Stoop'd, as
to foot vs.
foot-cloth: large richly-ornanicnted cloth laid
over the back of a horse, &c., and hanging down
to the ground on each side 2H0 iv. vii. 62 ; attrib.
IV. i. 54, R3 in. iv. 83.
footing" (2 only S.)
1 step, tread Mer.V. v. i. 24, Troil. i. iii. 156, A'cn.
722; setf. (i) set foot, enter 2H6 in. ii. 87, H8
III. i. 182 ; (ii) gain a footing or firm position K2
II. ii. 48, IHO in. iii. 64, Troil. ii. ii. 155.
2 landing 0th. ii. i. 76.
3 dancing Tp. iv. i. I'-iS country footiny.
4 footprint Ven. 148 and yd nofoolin;/ seen.
5 surface for the foot, ground to walk on, foothold
W'int. in. iii. 114 there your charity would hnre.
lacked f., John v. i. 06, 1H4 i. iii. 193, K3 i. iv. 17
VpoH the i/iddyf. of the hatches, Troil. in. ii. 75.
foot-land-raker iS'.): footpad 1H4 ii. i. 81.
foot-licker : ' humble fawner' (J.) Tp. iv. i. 220.
footman (1 survives in Worcestershire dial.)
1 walker, pedestrian Wint. iv. ii. [iii.] 09.
2 more fully 'running footman', a servant who ran
with his master's carriage Tit. v. ii. 55.
fop sb. : fool Lr. i. ii. 14. T] The mod. sense is post-S.
fop vb. : to fool, dupe 0th. iv. ii. 197 to find myself
fopt in it (mod. adil. fobbed -f).
foppery (2 cf. fop vb.)
1 folly Meas. i. ii. 143, Mer.V. il. v. 35 the sound of
shallow foppery, Lr. I. ii. 132.
2 dupery, deceit Wiv. v. v. 134.
foppish (not pre-S.) : foolish Lr. i. iv. 183 For wise
men are e/rown foppish.
for pref. (remarkable uses arc the foil.)
1 before AI^sW^ iv. iv. 3/oi- whose throne 'tis need-
ful . . . to liueel (mod. edd. 'foref).
2 for all -once for all Cym. n. iii. 111.
3 'in place of Ham. v. i. 252, Lucr. 1424 ; LLL. i. i.
279 the best tliat ever I heard.— Ay, the best for the
worst ; Cor. v. iv. 23 meak for, made to represent.
roB-
80
-rOBESTAX.!.'!)
4 in expressions denoting an amount statccd or an
object risked LLL. v. ii. 720 bead, for mij life .',
Slir. I. i. 193 for my hand, iii. i. 50 Aow, for iinj
life, lliehirice doth court wy lore. Ham. iii. iv. 2:5
Dead, for a ducnt, daid .' ; lience in plirasc witli
a negative, e.g. for my head or heart, to save my
life, Meas. iv. iii. 104 / ditre not for my head fill
wy belly Slir. I. ii. 3S I ... could not yet him for my
heart to do it.
5 bucausc of, on account of Gent. iv. i. 50 [banishtd]
from Mantua, for a genlkman, Vt'ho . . . I stnib'd,
"Sonn. xxvii. 14 For thee, and for myself no quiet
find, xcix. 6 The lily I condiiiined for thy hand.
6 in the cliaracter or quality of, as Meas. i. ii. 36
piled, for a French rehrt. Err. ii. ii. 192 I cross me
for a s»iMfr( = sinner tliat I am), v. i. 32 /. . . defy
thee for a villain, Lr. lit. iv. 56 to course his own
shadow for a traitor : so What is he for a fool 7 =
Wliat kind of a fool is he? Ado i. iii. 49 (cf.
German ' was fiir ein ? ').
7 in exclamations R2 iii. iii. 70 alack, for woe!, v.
ii. 75 God for his mercy :.
8 in spite of; as in plir. /or r(M = altliough Wiv. v.
V. 210, Cym. v. iv. 20S, Yen. 342.
9 as a precaution against, for fear of; always with
a gerund, e.g. Gent. i. ii. 133 here they shall not
he, for catchini; cold (-lest they catcli cold), 2H0
IV. i. 74, Troil'. i. ii. 292, Per. i. i. 40, Sonn. Iii. 4.
for conj. (obs. uses are as follows)
1 introducing subordinate clauses with two mean-
ings, (1) because Tp. i. ii. 272 And, for thou tcast
ei spirit too dilicate . . . she did confine thee, Otli. lir.
iv. 160 They are . . .jealous for they are jealous ;
also for that (freq.) and for because Wiiit. ir. i. 7,
John II. i. 588, I>2 v. v. 3; (2) in order that 3110
III. i. 9 And, for the time shall not seem tedious, I'll
till thee . . ., III. ii. 154.
2 for and, and moreover Hani. v. i. 101.
for-, prefix, spelt also/orf-, expresses prohibition,
neglect, destructive or injurious effect, &c. : sec
FORBEAR, FORBID, FORDO, FORSLOW, FORSPEAK,
FORWEARIED.
forag"e sb.: raging, ravening LLL. iv. i. 94.
forage vb.: to range abroad for food Jolin v. i. 59 ;
to glut oneself as a Avild beast, raven H5 1. ii. 110,
fig. Yen. 554.
forljear: toleavealone,witlidrawfrom theprcsence
of Lr. I. ii. 181, Ant. l. ii. 130, ii. vii. 45 F. me till
anon ; (hence) iiitr. to withdraw, retire Wint. v.
iii. 85 /"., Quit presently the chapel, Ant. v. ii. 174,
Cym. I. i. 68.
forbid vb.: with personal object and negative
clause Pilgr. ix. 8 [124] She. . . Forbade the boy he
shmiUl not pass those (/rounds.
forbid piile.: banned, cursed Mac. i. iii. 21.
forbiddenly : unlawfully "Wint. i. ii. 417.
forbidding : obstacle Liicr. 323.
force sb.: phrases -.—of force, (1) ofweiglit, weighty
1116 uf. i. 15(j those'occasions . . . were of f., 2H6 i.
iii. 106, 3H6 ii. ii. 44 on/innents of mii/htij /.; (2i
necessarily LLL. i. i. 146, MND. iii. ii. 40 Thai,
when he wak'd, of force she must be ei/ed, Wint. iv.
iii. [iv.] 436, lH4'ii. iii. 122, C.ics. iv. iii. 202 Cood
reasons ynust, off., yiic place to belter ;— /. perforce,
(1) by violent constraint, ai:ainst one's will John
III. i. 142, 2H4 IV. i. 116, ^2H6 I. i. 259; (2) of
necessity 2H4 iv. iv. 46.
force vb.' (4 common 10th cent, sense ; H5 ii. Chor.
32* /. rt play, by some referred to force vb.-, is
possibly corrupt)
1 to press home' urge Meas. iir. i. 108, H8 iii. ii. 2
If yon will now tniite in your complaints, And f.
Ihi in with a constancy. Cor. III. ii. 51, Comjil. 167.
2 to reinforce Mac, v. v. 6.
3 to attach importance to, care for Lucr. 1021 //.
not urqununt a straw; (hence) to hesitate to do
something LLL. v. ii. 441 Your oath once broke,
you force not to forswear.
force vb.2 : to stulf, farce Troil. ii. iii. 237 /. him
inlh praises, v. i. 04 malice f-d with nit.
fordo, f oredo : to kill, put an end to Ham. ii. i.
103, v. i. 243 F. its oirn life, Lr. v. iii. 257 she for-
d:d herself, Otli. v. i. 129".
fordone : exhausted M.ND. v. ii. 4 [i. 381].
fore adv.: before (of time) Sonn. vii. 11 The eyes,f.
dnleuus.
fore prep, (in mod. cdd. usually 'fore ; 1 and 2 late
exx. of the senses)
1 in the presence of ^Yint. iv. iii. [iv.] 403 Contract
iisf. these icitnesscs ; in asseverations Al^s^Y. ii.
iii. 61 F. God, I think so, Cor. i. i. 126 Fore me.
2 before (of time) Meas. ii. ii. 160 At any time f.
tioon. Cor. iv. vii. 3 the yrace fore meat.
3 in preference to IHO i. iii. 2i prizest himf. me?.
fore conj.: before AYint. v. i. 220, John v. i. 7.
fore-, preti.K, is used = (1) in front, front-, in f-
finyer All'sW. Ji. ii. 25, f-foot H5 ii. i. 71, /-
rank H5 v. ii. 97, f-runner Mer.Y. i. ii. 13(),
f-skirt H8 II. iii. 9S, f-spurrer Mer.V. ii. ix. 95 ;
(2) beforcliand, previously, pre-, in f-adciscd
Cor. II. iii. 199, f-benioancd Sonn. X.N.X. 11, /-
betrayed Conipl. 328, f-knowiny Ham. i. i. 134,
Yen. 245, f-knowledije Tw.N. i. v. 151, f-named
Meas. HI. i. 249, f-past All'sW. v. iii. 121, f-
recited H8 i. ii. 127, f-said Ham. i. i. 103, /-
Touched Lr. i. i. 223.
forecast : forethought, prudence 3H0 v. i. 42.
^ Still common in the midlands.
foredoom: to conlcnm beforehand Lr. v. iii. 293
Your eldest dauyhters have foredoom'd themselves
(Ft fore-done).
fore-end : early part Cym. m. iii. 73.
foregoer: predecessor AU'sW. ir. iii. 144.
foregone: gone by, past All'sW. i. iii. 142 daysf.,
Sonn. XXX. 9 yrievances f. % Otb. lii. iii. 429 /.
conclusion, a S. phrase, usually taken by the
commentators = previous experience (cf. con-
CxusioN 2), but used by mod. writers = (1) decision
formed before the case is fully argued or the
evidence known, or (2) result that might have
been foreseen as inevitable.
forehand adj.: /. shaft, arrow used for shooting
straight before one' 2H4 iii. ii. 62 ; done at an
earlier time Ado iv. i. 50 extenuate thef. sin ; — sb.
the f., the upper hand or advantage H5 iv. i. 300;
vanguard, mainstay (S.) Troil. i. iii. 143 The sinew
and the forehand of our host.
fore'iiorse : leader in a team ; fig. All'sW. ii. i. 30.
foreign: not of one's household or family (S.) Otli.
IV. iii. 91 they . . . pour our treasures into foreiyn
laps, Per. iv. i. 33 I love the king . . . 'With more
than foreiyn heart.
fore-nin : to be the precursor of Meas. v. i. 8, 1?2
II. iv. 15, Rom. V. i. 53 thowjht did but fore-run
my need.
fore-say: to decree Cym. iv. ii. HQastheyodsf. it.
forespent : previously bestowed Cym. ii. iii. (Ahis
yoodnessf. on ns ; past H5 ii. iv. 36 his vanities f.
ij Contrast FORSPENT.
forestall :
1 to deprive (a person) of something by jirevious
action Cym. iii. v. 69 may This niijhlf. htm of the
comi}ii) day.
2 to discount or condemn by anticipation Troil. I.
iii. 199 They . . . Forestall presci'ence,
forestall'd: 2H4 v. ii. 38 /. remission, (a) antici-
pated pardon, (b) pardon on conditions wbiclj
honour would piuvciit accepting.
FOBETEI.!.- i
foretell (2 in ficq. uso 1300-1680 ; once in S.)
1 to indicate bul'orcliand Wint. ii. iii. 198, Jolin v.
vii. 5, 3H6 ii. i. 43 tlioit, irliose lieavi/ looks/. Some
draulfid a/orij lianr/hig on llii) loiimte.
2 to tell bcloicliand Tp. iv. i. 149 As 1 ford old yoit.
forethought: piedestinud Jolin iii. i. 312 /'. hij
litaitn.
foreward: vanguard R3 v. iii. 294.
forfeit sb. (1 tlie oiig. sense)
1 bicacli, violation (of an obligation) Mcr.V. v. i.
252*, Koni. I. i. 103' Your lives shall ptiij the forfeit
of III e peace.
2 penal fine, penalty for breacli of contract, or
neglect of duty Mer.V. i. iii. 149, iv. i. 37, fioni.
I. iv. 112 some vile forfeit of wilimiljj death ; lig.
Cym. V. V. 209.
3 person lianded ever to tlie law or to death Mcas.
II. ii. 71 lour brother is a forfeit of the lair, iv. ii.
100, Troil. IV. V. 180* Despisiwj many forfeits and
subdntiHcnls.
4 lorfeituie, loss Meas. i. iv. 00, Mcr.V. iv. i. 212,
AllsW. III. vi. 3.3, 3H6 ii. i. 197 wiike f. oj his head.
forfeit vb. (rare use)-; intr. to fail to keep an obli-
gation Mcr.V. III. i. 55, 135.
forfeit pple.: lo.st by reason of breach of an obli-
gation or the lilce, to be given up as a penalty
Mcas. II. ii. 73, LLL. v. ii. 420, Mer.V. iv. i, 300;
/. to, liable to All's W. iv. iii. 210, Sonn. cvii. 4.
forfended: forbidden Lr. v. i. 11 ilief. place.
forget : to drop tlie practice of (a duty, &c.) Err.
III. ii. 1 you have quite fonjol A husband's office,
2H0 II. i. Wifon/ot Honour and virtue; with infin.
to forget how to do something Gent. iii. i. 85,
Meas. 1. ii. 41, 2H4 v. ii. 22 like men that hiidfor-
!/nt to s/ieak, 2H6 v. i. 101, Veil. 1001 her voice is
slojip'd, her joints fort/ei to bow.
forgetive: a S. word of uncertain formation,
commonly taken to be a derivative of the vb.
' forgo ' and = inventive, creative 2H4 iv. iii. 107
itpprehensiie, quick, fori/etive.
forgive: to remit (a debt), overlook the omission
of (a duty, liC.) Wiv. v. v. 184 F. that sum, LLL.
IV. ii. 15b //. thy duty, Mer.V. iv. i. 20, Tw.N. i.
V. 205 I forijive you the praise.
fork : only in transferred uses, of whicli 1 and 2 are
only S.: — (1) forked tongue (popularly supposed
lo be tlie sting) of a snake Meas. in. i. 10, Mac.
IV. i. 10 ; (2) barbed liead of an arrow Lr. i. i. 140 ;
(3) pi. lower limbs of tlic body Lr. iv. vi. 122.
forked (2 and 4 are common Eliz.)
1 cleft at the summit ^nt. iv. xii. [.xiv.] 5.
2 (of an arrow) barbed AYL. ii. i. 24.
3 two-legged Lr. lil. iv. Ill a poor, bare, f. ttHiiiial :
cf. 2H4 III. ii. 337 liken forked radish.
4 'horned', cuckolded Wint. r. ii. 180.
forlo'm ' : pa. pple. of ' foilcse ' = to bring to ruin,
confound Sonn. Music iii. 21 [Pilgr. 265] Love
hath forlorn mc.
forlorn- adj. {fo'rlom ov forlo'm ; cf. entire)
1 (?) the same sense as in ' forloi n liope ' Cyni. v.
V. 400 Thcf. soldier, that sonoblyfoiiijht. ^\ ' For-
lorne boies,' ' forlorne sentinels,' ' forloriie
fellowes'areexpressions found in tlie Eliz. period.
2 abandoned, forsaken, desolate, (hence) unhappy,
wretched (the usual sense).
3 of wretched appearance, meagre (S.) 2H4 in. ii.
339, Tit. II. iii. 94 The trees . . .forlorn and lean.
sb. forlorn person 3H0 iii. iii. 20.
form (tlie foil, are obs. uses ; 1 is a peculiarly S.
use of an old sense ; 2, 3 are not pre-S.)
1 image, likeness, portrait Gent. iv. iv. 205, Meas.
II. iv. 127, LLL. II. i. 235, John v. vii. 32 / am
a scribbled form, drawn with a pen, Sonn. ix. 6.
2 orderly arrangement, good oraer John in. iv. 101
— FORTH
/ will not keep thisf. upon my licad l\V;ru lliirc is
such disorder m my wit ; military formation 2H4
IV. i. 20 In yoodly form comes on the enemy.
3 behaviour, pi. manners Gent. v. iv. 56 chanye yon
lo a milder f, Tw.N. V. i. 302 cam'st . . . in suih
Jorm, tJBS. I. ii. 304 tie puts on this tardy form.
formal (tlie meaning is not always certain)
1 having regard to due form or propriety, cere-
monious, precise Shr. in. i.02 ^ire j/oitio/..', iv. ii.
C4/. in apparel. Ham. iv. v. 215/. ostentation.
2 extiemely regular or accurate, stiff, rigid AYL.
II. vii. 165 beard of f. cut*, Compl. 29 [liair} tied
in formal plat.
3 (?) conventional R3 iii. i. 82 thef. Vice, Iniquitij\
4 dignified 2H4 v. ii. 133 inf. majesty, Cce.s. n. i. 227
/. constancy ( = dignified self-possession).
5 normal or ordinary in intellect, sane Err. v. i.
105 (t /. man, Tw.N. it. v. 130 any f. capacitij
( = any one of a well-regulated mind), Ant. ii. v.
41 Mot like a formal man.
former (obs. use) : front, forward Cxs. v. i. 80.
formerly : just now Mer.V. iv. i. 303.
forsake (in H8 ii. i. 89* absol. app. = leave the body)
1 to decline, refuse All's W. ii. iii. 02, IHOiv. ii. 14
If you f. the offer of their love, 0th. iv. ii. 125 for-
sook so many noble matches.
2 to give up, renounce, reject Err. iv. iii. 19 and
bid you f. your liberty, Lucr. 1538 'It cannot be',
she in that sense forsook. And turn'd it thus.
for set: see faucet.
forslow: to delay 3H6 ii. iii. 50 (Ffi2 Forcslow).
forsooth: in truth, certainly ; used by low persons
as a phrase of honest asseveration ; implying
some contempt wlien used by well-bred persons
(Sdimidt).
forspeak: to speak against Ant. in. vii. 3.
forspent : worn out, exhausted 2H4 i. i. 37/. with
spud, 3H6 II. iii. 1 Forspent with toil.
forswear (also intr. and red. ' to swear falsely')
1 to abandon or renounce on oath Tp. iv. i. 91 Nir
and tier blind boy's scandat'd company I hare for-
sworn ; construed with intin. (only S.) Tw.N. iii.
iv. 279/. to wear iron about you. Cor. v. iii. 80 The
thinys I have forsworn to yrunt, Eom. i. i. 229 She
liatli forsicorn to love.
2 to deny or repudiate on oat h or witli strong words
Err. V. i. 11 that self chain . . . Which he forswore
. . . lo have, Shr. v. i. 113 deny him, f. him, 1H4 v.
ii. '^Sforsiiearine/ that he is forsworn.
fotted : fortified Meas. v. i. 12 A forted residence.
forth adv. (u.sed with/ic redundantly, in thus fur
f. Tp. I. ii. 177, 60 far f. Wiv. iv. vi. 11, how far
/. 2H4 IV. ii. 53)
1 forward (in movement or direction) Shr. iv. i.
149 .Is hef. walked on his way, H5 n. ii. 189* Then
/., dear countrymen, Tim. i. i. 50 flics an euijle
flight, bold andf. on, Cym. iv. ii. 149 Did make my
way long f. ( = made it seem long).
2 onwards," immediately afterwards and continu-
ously C*s. IV. iii. iSfrom this day forth.
3 in various contexts= out Meas. v. i. 249 hear this
mailer f.. Err. iv. iv. 97 wherefore didst thou lock
mef, Mer.V. i. i. 144 To find the other f., Shr. iv.
iii."62 Lay f. the gown, v. ii. 105 Swinge me them
soundly /., 3H6 ii. i. 12 how he singled Cliff'ordf,
Cor. I. iii. 99 1 will not f, Tit. v. iii! 133 beat/', our
brains, Otli. v. i. 10 f., mij sword ; similarly /. of
Tp. V. i. 100, R2 III. ii. 2(34, C.-es. ni. iii. 3.
4 abroad, not at home Wiv. ii. ii. 281 at that time.. .
her husband will bef.. Err. u. ii. 214 Say he dines
/., CiBS. I. ii. 294 I am promised forth.
5 (of a force) in the field, at sea Cor. i. iii. 108 The
Volsces have an urmyf.. Ant. iv. x. 12 [xi. 3j* his
best force Is forth to man his galleys.
P03TH— S
fortliprcp.: ontoiMND. i. i. \iA tilcdl /. (Iiij/a/liir s
houxr, Cor. I. iv. 23 issue/, their city. Ant. iv. x.
7 jnd /. tlip liriien ; similarly /ro)»/. (freq.) Wiv.
IV. iv. 5.5 Let tliem from fort li a sairjiit rush.
forthcoir.ing : ready to appear or to be pro Uiccl
wlieii ri'(|uirud, e.g. in court Slir. v. i. 95, 2HG i.
iv. 5ii, ir. i. 177.
forthright sb. (not prc-S.) : straigbt path Tp. iii.
iii. 3, I'rcjil. III. iii. 158.
fortitude (obs. use): physical or structural strength
nil) II. i. 17 his oini arm's/., 0th. i. iii. 222 the/.
of Hie pliire.
fortress: '[ildu. \.2(iGodisoiir/.\ cf. Psalmxxxi.3
anil Luther's ' Ein teste burg ist unser CJott.'
fortressed : protecte 1 /roin Lucr. 28 ; cf. Conipl. 9
/(irtified her lisiif/e/roiii the sun.
f jrtiine sb. (the chief obs. uses arc the foil.)
1 Iji/ f., by chance Mcr.V. ii. i. 34, AYL. i. ii. 48,
Otii. V. ii. 224, Sonn. xxxii. 3 ; ut f, at random
Oth. III. iii. 203.
2 chance, hap, accident Mer.V. t. i. 44, Shr. in. ii.
23 yVhutcicr/. staijs him/rom his nord, Oth. I. iii.
130 the buttles, sierjes, /-s That I tune piiss'd ; Cor.
IV. V. 99 to prove viore/s ( = to try the fortune of
war again).
3 pi. used = sing.: a person's possessions, wealth
Ado II. i. 310, Oth. v. ii. 365 seize upon the /-s o/
tlie Monr.
fortune vb. (occurs twice ; 1 late ex. of this scn.sc)
1 to regulate the fortunes of Ant. I. ii. 79.
2 to happen Gent. V. iv. 109.
forty (1 very common in Eliz. dramatists)
1 used inletinitely to express a large number Err.
IV. iii. 84 north /. diirnts, Cor. m. i. 242 / could
halt /. o/ tluiii, fsonn. ii. 1 When /. tvititcrs slnill
hcsie'/e till) broil' ; so /. tliousnud Wiut. iv. iii. [iv.]
279, ■R2 III. ii. 85 (Ff Q-, ; others ticenly). Ham. v.
i. 291, Oth. III. iii. 443. [iii. 89.
2 /. pnice, A customary amount for a wager H8 ii.
forward (1 not prc-S.; the meanings 'early',
' really, prompt', ' precocious', ' pert, bold ' occur)
1 situated at the front Tp. ii. ii. 98 His /. voice,
All'sW. III. ii. 110 M'hocvcr chari/es OH liis/. breast,
V. iii. 39 /.et's talie tlie instant by tlie /orimrd. top.
2 eager, ardent, zealous R2 iv. i. 72 How /ondlij dost
thou spur a f. horse, 2H4 i. i. 173, R3 iii. ii.' 46/.
Ipon his p'lrly, H8 iv. i. 9, Tit. i. i. 50.
forwearied: tlioroughly exhausted John ir. i. 2.33.
foster (gen. sense ' cherish ' occurs four times)
1 to feci Cym. ii. iii. 119/-'rf with cold dishes.
2 to bring up as a foster-child, be a foster-parent
to John V. ii. 75 ii lion/-'d itp at hand, Tit. il. iii.
\:A /lister /orlorn chddren. Per. IV. iii. 15. [12.
fo3ter-iiur3e(notpre-S.) : AYL. ii. iii. 40, Lr. iv. iv.
foul 1 1 it ten merely a strong epithet of condemnation
or disgust ; 1 very freq., and in most midland and
northern dials, the chief current sense ;/.]ilay~
unfair dealing Tp. i. ii. 60, Ham. i. ii. 255 is not
pre-Eliz.)
1 ugly LLL. IV. iii. 87, 115 iv. Clior. 21 f. and w/li/
nileh, 2110 v. i. 157, Otli. it. i. Ill, Yen. 133 hard-
favour'd, foul.
2 unattractive, ytoor in (luality Troil. i. iii. 359 Let
lis like merchants show our /oldest irures.
3 stormy Tp. ii. i. 148 [141], John iv. ii. 108 .So /.a
shy, Oth. II. i. 34, Yen. 456 Gusts and /oul flans.
4 grossly abnsive Meas. v. i. 304 in /. mouth . . , To
call him villain ; cf. /nnl-sjwken Tit. ll. i. 58.
6 harsh, rough H5 ii. i. 59' 1/ yon grow/, with me,
Yen. 573 Foul irords and/roirns.
fonlly: shame fully, disgracefully, wickedly All'sW.
V. iii. 155, Mac. iii. i. 3; imuurely Meas. ii. ii.
174; insultingly lH4r. iii. 154.
foulness: moiul impurity, wickedness Ado iv. i.
i - FRANKLIN
155, IlK III. ii. 184, Lr. I. i. 230; ugliness AYL.
iir. iii. 42, iii. v. (>0.
foundation: Ado v. i. 334 [327] God .inve the /..',
said to be a formula used on receiving alms at
a liouse of charity.
founded : solid, steady Mac. in. iv. 22/ as the rock.
founder (2 rare tig. use of the nautical sense)
1 to cause (a horse) to break down or go lame Tp.
IV. i. 30 Phoebus' steeds are/-'d, 2H4 iv. iii. 39.
2 to come to grief, be wrecked H8 in. ii. 40.
four : used like the Fr. ' quatre ' for an indefinite
number, large or small according to the circum-
stances (cf. FOKTY) Tw.N. I. iii. 115 it's /. to one,
^Yint. V. ii. 155 [148] any time tliese/. hours, 1H4
II. ii. 14 1/Itravil but/, '/oot, H5 v. i. 43 / will peat
his pale/, days. Cor. i. ii. 6 'Tis not/, days yone,
Ham. II. ii. 100 he wallcs /. hours toi/elher (mod.
odd. incorrectly/o)'t). Ant. ii. vii. 109 1 had rather
/ast/rom all /. days. T] Freq. in Eliz. writers.
four-inched: four inches wiclc Lr. in. iv. 55.
foutra, foutre: contemptuous expression 2H4 v.
iii. 100 .1 / /or the world, 118 (Q /owtre, Ff/ootrn).
fox' : type of ingratitude Lr. i. iv. 342, in. vi. 25,
&c.; so foxship, ingratitude Cor. iv. ii. 18.
fox-: kind of sword H5 iv. iv. 9. T] Tlie wolf on
some makes of sword-blade is supposed to have
been mistaken for a fox.
fracted : broken H5 n. i. 130 His heart is /., Tim.
n. i. 22 my reliances on Ins fractid dates.
fraction (2 not pre-.S. in this gen. sense)
1 discord, dissension, rupture Troil. ii. iii. 108.
2 fragment Troil. v. ii. 155, Tim. ii. ii. 221.
fragment : applied to a person as a term of con-
tempt (S.) Troil. V. i. 9, Cor. i. i. 228.
frame sb. (the sense of ' picture frame ' is not pre-
ss., used fig. in Sonn. xxiv. 3)
1 ' framing ', contrivance Ado rv. i. 191 toil in /.
o/ villanies.
2 structure, form "SVint. ii. iii. 102* The very mould
and/. 0/ hand, nad, finger \ (lience) constitution,
nature, 'mould' Meas. v. i. 61, AU'sAV. iv. ii. 4,
Tw.N. I. i. 33 a heart o/ tliat fine/., Tim. i. i. 70.
3 established order, plan, system Ado iv. i. 130"
Chid I /or that at /rugal nature's/.?, Mac. ni. ii.
16* let the frame o/ things disjoint.
4 definite form or order LLL. ni. i. 201 [193] Still
a-repairing, ever out o//.. Ham. in. ii. Z2^ put your
discourse into some/rame.
5 structure of parts fitted together Ham. v. i. 47.
6 applied to the earth 1H4 in. i. 16, Ham. ii. ii.
317 [310].
7 the huiuan body Meas. ii. iv. 1.34, 1H6 n. iii. 54,
Sonn. lix. 10 this composed wonder of your /raine.
frame vb. (1 survives in Y'orkshire dial.)
1 to direct one's steps, go Per. i. Gower 32.
2 to cause, produce, bring to pass 2H4 iv. i. 180
which God .w f.;, 2H6 v. ii. 32 Fear /-s disorder,
Pilgr. vii. 15 [99].
frampold : disagreeable "VYiv. n. ii. 95.
franchise (S. u.ses) : pi. lilicrties, privileges Cor.
IV. vi.87 Your /-s...ron fill' d Into anaiigei's bore;
free exercise Cym. jii. "i. 57 remiir and /ranchise
[of the laws].
franchis'd : free Mac. ii. i. 28 keep My bosom /.
frank sli. : enclosure for hogs, sty 2114 n. ii. 160.
frank a Ij. (1 is obs. ; 2 now somewhat arcliaic)
1 unrestrained AU'sNY. n. iii. 61 thij f. election.
2 liberal, bounteous Al^s^Y. r. ii. 20, Cor. in. i. 129,
Oth. in. iv. 45, Sonn. iv. 4.
3 0])cn, undi.sguised Oth. i. iii. 38, in. iii. 195 ; out-
spoken 115 I. ii. 244.
franked up : shut up in a sty E3 i. iii. 314, &c.
franklin: freeliokUr ; orig., in 14-15th cent., the
name of a class of landowners, of free but not
rBANKLY -
noble birth, and ranking next below the gentiy
Wint. V. ii. 181 [173] boors andf-s, 1H4 ii. i. OU,
Cyni. III. ii. 78 no costlier tlutn uoidd fit A f-'s
huuseivife.
frankly :
1 freely, without rcstiaint or constraint, unre-
strictedly Troii. V. viii. I'.i, Tim. ii. ii. 18>J.Vt«
and min's fortunes could I /. une, Ham. iii. i. iJ4
We may of their oianinter f. judi/e, v. ii. 2ii7.
2 generously, unreservedly Meas. ill. i. 104, Tit. i.
i. 4:20, Oth. II. Iii. 301 to uinke me f. despise myself.
3 openly, without disguise H8 ii. i. 81, Troil. i. iii.
•2b.i SiHiikf. nsllie ii-nul, Mac.l.iv.5f. he confess' d.
fraud: faithlessness Gent. ii. vii. 78, Ado ii. iii. 70
Th( f. of iiK 11 H as erer so, 1H6 IV. iv. 36, Yen. 1141.
fraught sb.; Ircight, cargo Tw.N. v. i. IJ5, 'lit. i. i.
"(I ; tig. load (>tlKiii.iii.450,s'/(y//, bosum,aiththyf.
fraught vb.: to lua<l (fig.) Oym. i. i. liJti.
fraug'ht iiple.: laden, loacied, fig. stored, filled
Oeiit. 111. ii. 10 full f. ivith siriiciulilc loivs, Mer.V.
II. viii. 30 A vessel . . . richly f., AVint. iv. iii. [iv.]
527 sof. iril/i curious busnuss, H5 ii. ii. 13'.", Troil.
PkiI. 4, Lr. I. iv. 243.
fraughtage : cargo Err. iv. i. 88.
fraughted: fraught Sonn. Music iii. 26 [Pilgr. 270].
fraughting: forming tlie cargo Tp. i. ii. 13.
frayed: friglitened Troil. in. ii. 32.
freckled: spotted Tp. i. ii. 283 Af. ichilp, H5 v. ii.
49 Thef. coivslip (cf. MKD. ii. i. 13).
free adj. (the foil, arc the chief obs. senses)
1 of noble or lionourable character, generous,
magnanimous Tw.N. i. v. 281, H8 ni. i. b\)Likcf.
and honest men, Troil. i. iii. 235, iv. v. 138, Otli.
II. iii. 328 of so f., so kind ... a disposition, in. iii.
199 your free and noble nature.
2 guiltless, innocent AYL. ii. vii. 85, Tw.N. i. v.
98, Wint. I. ii. 113, 251, ii. iii. 30, H8 ill. i. 32 r(.v
/. a sont, Ham. ii. ii. 598 [590] Make mad the
i/idltyaiidajj/Hilthef., iii. ii. 255, Gth. in. iii. 265.
free vb. (2 a rare sense ; cf. Komans vi. 7)
1 to secure from Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 440 we f. thee
From the dead blow of it.
2 toclear from blame orstain, absolve, acmiitAV int.
III. ii. 112 nunc honour, Which I tiould f., H8 li.
iv. 155, Cor. iv. vii. 47, Ham. v. ii. 250 /•'. me so
far in your most yenerous thowjhts, Luir. 1208.
3 to get rid of, banish Mac. in. vi. 35 K from our
feasts- . . . bloody knnes, Cym. in. vi. 79 ; to obtain
remission of (a sin) Tp. Epil. 18.
freedom :
1 at f, freely, at liberty Tp. iv. i. 268 thou Shalt
liaie the air at f, Cym. in. iii. 71 lie'd at honest f.
2 ease H8 v. i. 103* I'oii cannot with such f. puryt
ijoursclf.
3 privilege, franchise Mer.V. in. ii. 279 thef. of the
stale, iv. i. 39 your charter and your city's f.. Cor.
n. i. 207 Dispropirtud their f-s\ tin. Wint. i. i. 12,
Sonn. xlvi. 4.
free-hearted: liberal Tim. in. i. 10.
freely: in freedom, with absolute possession of
one's privileges, ic. Mer.V. in. li. 250 / must f.
have the half. . . ., Tw.N. l. iv. 39 thou shall live as
f. as thy lord. To call his fortunes thine. ^1 The
more usual meanings are ' unreservedly, readily,
willingly', 'frankly, openly', 'without hin-
drance', 'generously, liberally.'
freeness: liberality Cym. v. v. 422.
freestone-coloured: of the colour of Bath brick
AYL. IV. iii. 20.
French: LLL. m. i. 9 F. braid (see brawl sb.);
Wiv. I. iii. 91 F. thrift . . . myself and skirted paye ;
'Frencli pages were the fashion at this period,
and the discarding of the excess of serving-men
is commonly alluded to ' (H. C. Hart).
89 - rBIENDSUIP
French crown : the French coin called 'ecu ' LLL.
111. i. 149, 2H4 111. ii. 240/om>- harry ten shillinqs
in F. c-s, H5 iv. i. 246, 2H6 iv. ii. 170 ; with imii
on tlie sense 'top of the liead' and with refer-
ence to the baldness produced by 'the Fnnch
disease' Meas. l. ii. 55, MNU. i. ii. 100, All'sW.
11. ii.'24; comp. /'.-co/otir, yellowish MND. I. ii. 98.
frequent adj. (twice only in S.)
1 addicted to Wint. IV. i. [ii.] 30.
2 familiar ivitli iionn. cxvii. 5.
frequent vb.: to resort to a place R2 v. iii. 0.
fresh sb.; siring of fresh water Tp. in. ii. 77,
fresh adj. (1 cf. 'freshman ' at a university)
1 raw, inexperienced John in. iv. 145.
2 invigorating, refreshing Oth. iv. iii. 45* The f.
straims, Cym. v. iii. 71 /. cttps, soft bids, Sweet
words, Compl. 213 The deep-cjreen emerald, in whose
frisk rcijard . , .
3 cool 3H0 n. V. 49* afresh tree's shade.
4 blooming, looking liealthy or youthful Tp. iv. i.
137, t-ln: iv. V. 29, Otli. ii. iii. 20, Ven. 104.
5 ready, eager H8 l. i. 3* a fresh admirer.
fresh-fish: novice H8 ii. iii. 80.
freshly: newly, recently Tp. v. i. 236*/. bihild
tiir . . . i-hip (or?=beheld our ship renovated);
anew, afresh Meas. i. ii. 181, Cym. v. iv. 143;
with undiminished intensity H5 iv. iii. 55/. rc-
iiiimhind, H8 v. iii. 31/ pitiid in our memories;
healthily, bloomingly AYL. ill. ii. 244, H5 iv.
Clior. '.i'.t freihly looks.
fret sb. : in instruments of the guitar kind, (former-
ly) a ring of gut (now a bar of wood) (ilaced on
the finger-board to regulate the fingering Lucr.
1140.
fret vl). ' : to make or form by wearing away K2 ill.
iii. 107, Lr. i. iv. 309 /(v/ ihainuls in hir cheeks.
fret vb." : to i.dorn (a ceiling) with carved or em-
l)ossed work in decorative jiatterns Cyui. n. iv. 88
Tin: roof o' the chamber With i/oldin chirubiiis is
frilled ; fig. Ham. n. ii. 3':0 [313) ; to clie<|uer
C«s. n. i. 104 yon ijrey lines That frit the clinuls.
fret vb.^: to furnish (a guitar, &c.) with frets;
quibblingly in Ham. in. ii. 395 [388] though you
can fret me, you cannot play upon me.
fretful (not pre-S. in either sense)
1 eating away 2H6 in. ii. 403 a fretful co'rrosive,
2 peevish, ill-tempered, impatient 1H4 in. iii. 13,
Ham. 1. v. 20, Lr. in. i. 4.
friar : member of any of certain religious orders
founded in the 13th cent, and afterwards, of
whidi the chief were the Franciscans or Grey
Friars, the Augustines or Austin Friars, the
Dominicans or Black Friars, the Carmelites or
White Friars ; in Shr. iv. i. 148 It was the f. of
orders r/rey is a fragment of a lost ballad.
friend sb. (in the ordinary sense the foil, plirases
occur : atf., tof. = afi a friend, friendly, on one'a
side ; be or hold f-s with, malcef-s to)
1 ])1. relatives, kinsfolk, ' people ' Gent. I. i. 64, in.
I. 100 she . . . is promis'd by her f-s i'nto a youthful
i/inlleman, Meas. i. ii. 161, AY'L. I. iii. 65, R2 i.
iv. 22, Tit. V. i. 130 ; occas. sing. IHG v. iv. 9.
2 like Fr. 'ami', 'amie' = lover, sweetheart Wiv.
III. iii. 125, Ado v. ii. 75, LLL. v. ii. 40.5, Oth. iv.
3, Ant. in. X. [xii.] 22, Cym. i. iv. 79 her adorn;
not her friend.
3 used as adj. = friendly Ctes. v. iii. 18.
friend vb.: to befriend, assist Meas. iv. ii. 110, H5
IV. V. 17, H8 1. ii. 140 Xotf-ed by his wish, Cym. n.
iii. 52 ; absol. Troil. I. ii. 82 time must f. or end.
friending: friendliness Ham. i. v. 185/(/.v lore and f.
friendship: friendly act, favour, friendly aid
Mel■.\^ I. iii. 109. Wint. iv. i. [ii.] 22 the heapiiiy
f-s, Tim. IV. iii. 70 whatf. may I do thee ?, Lr. ni.
FRIEZE -
ii. 62 a hovel ; Some f. will it lend you 'ijainsl the
tempest, Otli. iii. iii. 21.
frieze, frize: kind of coarse woollen cloth witli
a nap Wiv. v. v. 150, Otli. il. i. 12(5 iQq freeze).
frippery : place where cast-off clothes are sold
Tp. IV. i. 228.
fritters : nuike fritters of, liasli up Wiv. v. v. 155.
fro = from Kom. "iv. i. 75, Cyni. v. v. 202. [iii. 184.
frolic : merry MND. v. ii. 17 [i. 394] ; adv. Slir. iv.
from prep, (the chief obs. uses are)
1 among, fiom among AU'sW. ii. i. 1.30 entreatiwj f.
your royal thoitrjhis A modest one, Tim. i. ii. iiO
7rliy hnve you that cli(irit<(hle title from ttionsnnds?.
2 away from, apart from ; at variance witli, not in
accordance with, alien to ; otherwise than, in a
diffe lent way from Mer.V. iii. ii. 192 you c((>i nisli
none ( = no joy)/, me, 1H4 iii. ii. 31, H5 iv. vii.
W:i quite f. the answer of his de.f/ree, C»s. I. iii. 35
Clciiu f. the purpose, 64 f. quality and kind, u. i.
196, Mac. III. i. 100, Haiii. iii. ii. 24, 0th. i. i. 132
/. the sense of all civility. Ant. ii. vi. 30 /. the
present ( = not to the purpose liis hand), Cym. i.
iv. 18, Lucr. 341 Sof. himself impiety hath in-ouyhl.
from adv.: away Tim. iv. iii. 404 the fallnuj-f. of his
fnniits (mod. eM. falliny-ofi).
front sb. (1 the usual S. sense)
1 forehead, (hence) face John ir. i. 356 these royal
f-'s, li'i I. i. 9 siHOoth'dhis wrinkled f., Mac. iv. iii.
231 ; transf. 1H4 m. i. 14 /. of hedien (cf. Lr. ir.
ii. Hi flickering J'hcebus' f.), H5 I. Clior. 21 ; phr.
Otli. I. iii. 80 head andf. of my offendiwj, iii. i. 62
To take the saf'st occasion by the front.
2 foremost line of battle 3H.G i. i. 8, Cor. i. vi. 8
(with pun on sense 1), Ant. v. i. 44.
3 first period, beginning Wint. iv. iii. [\v.]3 April's
/., Sonn. cii. 7 summer's front.
front vb.: to march in the front rank (S.) H8 i. ii.
42 / . . . front hut in that file . . .
frontier: outwork in fortification 1H4 ir. iii. 57
]i(disadoes, f-s, parapets; fig. i. iii. 19 The moody
f. of a servant brow (cf. H5 in. i. 10); frontier
lortress or town Ham. iv. iv. 16.
frontlet: band worn on the forehead; fig. with
ref. to a frowning visage Lr. i. iv. 210 what makes
that frontlet on?.
frosty : characteristic of old age 2H6 v. i. 167 the f.
head. Tit. V. iii. 77 my frosty siyns.
froth: to make drink irotliy; fig. Wiv. I. iii. 14
J,et me see thee froth and lime.
fruit (1 not a common use in S. or elsewhere)
1 dessert Ham. ii. ii. 52 thefriiit to that yreat feast.
2 otlspring 3H6 iv. iv. 24 King Kdwaril'sf., H8 v. i.
20, Lucr. 1064, Sonn. xcvii. 10.
fruitful (sense 1 is rare outside S.)
1 abundant, copious Meas. iv. iii. 165 one/, meal,
Tim. v. i. 155 a lecoiiipcnse more f., Ham. i. ii. 80.
2 generous, liberal H8 i. iii. 56, Oth. ii. iii. 350.
frilitfully : copiously, fully All's AV. n. ii. lb you
iindiystand me?— Most f., Lr. iv. vi. 271 f. offered.
fruitf Illness : liberality (S.) Oth. iii. iv.'39.
fruitless: barren, not producing offspring, un-
fertile MND. I. i. 73 the coldf. moon, Mac. ni. i. 61
a fruitless crown, Ven. 751 fruitless chastity.
frush : to smash, batter Troil. v. vi. 29.
frustrate vb.: toannul 3H6ii. i. 175 Tof.... hisoath.
frustrate pplc.: frustrated Ant. v. i.^* ; vain Tp.
HI. iii. 10 Onr frustrate search. |146.
f rutify : comic blunder for 'notify' Mer.V. ii. ii.
fiib: see FOB 2H4 n. i. 39.
fulfil (1 the earliest sense)
1 to lill full, fill up LLL. IV. iii. 364 f//a»v7// itself f-s
the law, Lucr. 1258 [women] so fulfill'd With men's
abuses, Sonn. cxxxvi. 5/. the treasure of thy love.
2 to execute, perform 1H6 in. ii. 133, Lucr. 1635.
90 - FURROW
fulfilling: suitable, complementary Troil. Prol. 18.
full sb. phrases : — atf., (1) fully, completely Meas.
I. i. 43 be thou atf. ourself; (2) at length Err. i. i.
122 dilate eitf., H5 il. iv. 140 know our mindatf.,
Ham. IV. iii. 66 ; (3) at the period or moment of
fullness LLL. v. ii. 215 ^oA- the moon atf.. Ant. iii.
ii. 49 at f. of tide ; — in the f., with full complement
Troil. IV. v. 271 -—to the f., (1) fully All'sW. I. iii.
199, 2H6 I. ii. 84 ; (2) to its full state Ant. ii, i. 11
tt will come to tlief, Troil. iii. iii. 242 to my f. of
view (=to my eye's complete satisfaction).
full adv.: freq. in the senses (1) fully, quite : (2)
very, exceedingly.
full-acorn'd : fed full on acorns Cym. n. v. 16.
fuUani: kind of false dice loaded at the corner
Wiv. I. iii. 92.
fuller : one who cleanses cloth H8 i. ii. 33.
full-gorg'd: craiunKil full with foodShr. iv. i. 194.
full-hearted: full otcdiiiage Cym. v. iii. 7.
fullness: repletinn,s:UictySonn. lvi.6; abundance
Cyni. III. vi. 12 To lapse in fullness.
fully : to satiety Cor. i. ix. 11, Lr. iii. v. 22.
fulsome (1 a S. use ; the rest are obs.)
1 (?) lustful Mer.V. i. Vn. HI fulsome ewes.
2 cloying, Avearisome Tw.N. v. i. 113/ to mine ear.
3 offensive to the senses, physically disgusting
John III. iv. 32/. dust, R3 v. iii. 1'S.i fulsome ivine.
4 morally foul, filthy Oth. iv. i. 37.
fumble: to wrap up clumsily Tit. iv. ii. 59; fig.
Troil. IV. iv. 46.
fume : to be clouded with fumes of liquor Ant. ii.
i. 24 Keep his brain fuming.
fumiter (mod. edd.): the plant Fumaria Lr. iv. iv.
3 (Qq femiter, Ff incorrectly h'enitar) ; also fumi-
tory "(mod. edd.) H5 V. li. 45 (most old edd.
Jihutary).
fimction (the usual meaning is 'office, employ-
ment ', 2 not pre-S.)
1 activity, action (of the faculties') Mac. i. iii. 140/.7,v
smother'd in surmise. Ham. ii. i i. 590 [682] /(('* whole f.
2 particular kind of activity or operation, (i) of a
physical organ MND. in. ii. 177 J>ark vight, that
from the eye his f. takes: (ii) of intellectual or moral
powers Oth. ii. iii. 857 Even as her appetite shall
play the god With his weak function.
funeral (1 a 16-17tli cent, use)
1 pi. obsequies Tit. i. i. 381, Ca3S. v. iii. 105.
2 death Per. n. iv. 32.
furlong : thousand f-s opposed to an acre Tp. i. i.
70, Wint. I. ii. 95.
furnace : to exhale as from a furnace Cym. r. vi. 06
f-s The thick sighs. IJSo used by Chapman.
furnish (the construction/, inth also occurs)
1 to supply with what is necessary, equip, lit out
Mer.V. II. iv. 9 we have two hours Tof. ii.v, 1H6 iv.
i. 39 He then that is notf-'d in this sort. Ant. i. iv.
77 I shall be furnish'd to inform you rightly.
2 to dress, also to decorate, embellish Ado in. i.
103 Which IS the best tof me, AYL. in. ii. 260 f-d
like a hunter, Rom. iv. ii. 3Q ornaments . . . tof. me
to-morrow.
3 /. forth = sense 1 (S.) 2H4 i. ii. 255 lend we n
'thousand pound to f. me forth. Ham. l. ii. 181 /.
forth the marriage tables ;— /. out, to provide for
Tim. in. iv. Ill not so much left to f. out A moderate
tabic.
furnishings: unimportant appendages, mere
externals Lr. in. i. 29.
furniture: fitting out, equiyiping, provision 1H4
in. iii. 224 Money andordcr for their f; equipment
Slir. IV. iii. 182 this poor f. and mean array, 2H6
I. iii. 172; trappings, harness All'sW. n. iii. 05.
furrow: arable or ploughod land Tp. iv. i. 135;
lance furrow-weed (S.) i^r. iv. iv. 3.
furse : Tp. i. i. 72 (Ft/)(().s), iv. i. ISO {Ffjiries).
further : more distant or remote H8 ii. iv. 2:J0 lill
/. (Idij, Lr. V. iii. 54 To-morrow, or alf. space [—vo
/nrllirr = no furtlier business Cor. I'l.iii. 181.
fury (tlio ordinary senses are freq.)
1 inspired frenzy, poetic 'rage' LLL. iv. iii. 229,
Otii. III. iv. 73^1 xibyl . . . hi licr prn/ihe/ic/., Sonn.
c. 3 Spend' st thou tliy f. on some irorlli/ess soiuj ?.
2 oneoftlie avenging deities, dread goddesses witli
snal<es twined in tl:eir liair, sent from Tartarus
to aven£?c wrong and punisli crime Ado i. i. 200
|19:!], MND. V. i. 291, 3Hr> i. iii. 31, R3 i. iv. 57,
Tit. v. ii. 82, Ant. ll. v. 40.
fiistian :
1 coarse clotli made of cotton and flax Slir. iv. i. 49
the seriinfj-uieti in their neiofiislinn.
2 (a) bombastic language, rant, (b) gibberish, non-
sense Otli. ir. iti. 284*.
3 as adj.: bombastic, ridiculously pompous Tw.N.
ir. v. 120, 2H4 n. iv. 202.
fustilarian : (?) comic formation on tlie word
' lustilugs ' = fat frowzy woman 2H4 ii. i. 08.
G
graberdine: loose upper garment Tp. ii. ii. 41.
gad; sliarp spike ; applied to a stylus 'lit. iv. i. 103
/ . . . nilli a yad of steel, will write these iioids ;
phrase upon the f/nil, suddenly Lr. I. ii. 26 All this
done I'ponthey.! (cf. 'on the spurof the moment).
gag'e sb.
1 pawn, pledge, security ; in phr. lay to g., to put
in pawn Lucr. 1351.
2 pledge (usu. a glove thrown on the ground) of
a person's appearance to do battle in support of
his assertions, challenge R2 i. i. 69, &c., iv. i. 34
ni>i fi. . . . in (J. to thine, 86 )Y.s/ under (jnge, 105.
gfage vb. (3 a sense peculiar to S.)
1 to pledge, stake, risk Ham. i. i. 91 a woictij com-
petent ]Y((s f/-d by our king, Lucr. UAonejorull,
or eill for one ive gage.
2 to bind as by oath or promise 1H4 i. iii. 173 7)/(Z
e/iige them both in iin itnjust belnilf, 'I roil. v. i. 40.
3 to entangle in Mer.V.' i. i. 131' the f/renl debts
Wherein my tune . . . Httth hft me guged.
g°aiii (the folL uses aie app. only S.)
1 to acquire (a language) 2H4 iv. iv. 69.
2 to restore Cym. iv. ii. 167 to gain his colour.
3 to give victory to Cym. ti. iv. 59.
g'ain-g'iving : misgiving Ham. v. ii. 227.
g'ainsay : to forbid (S.) Troil. iv. v. 131.
gainsaying': refusal SVint. i. ii. 19 I'll nog.
gainst, in mod. edd. usually 'gainst: used in the
various senses of 'against', the temporal mean-
ing being least usual ; = against 2 Slir. ii. i. 309
[3i7] I/, the ireddnif/dai/, K2 v. ii.06(Qq2-5 nr/ainst),
Rom.' III. V. 154 ; ^against 3 Tit. v. ii. 206 (Qq
ai/iiinst). Ham. l. i. IbS gainst thai season comes.
gait : walking, going forward Wiv. i. iv. 31, MN1>.
V. ii. 46 [i. 423] take his g. ( = go his way), Tw.N.
I. iv. 15 address thij g. {- go), in. i. 94 irilk g. and
entrance, H8 iii. ii. 117 fast g., Lr. iv. vi. 243 go
your g.: fig. proceeding Ham. I. ii. 31 to su2>press
/lis further gait herein.
Galen (old edd. also C((//«n = mediaeval Latin
'Galienus', Gallen, Gallon): celebrated physician
of the 2nd cent. A.n., AU'sW. ii. iii. 12. Cor. ii. i.
130 the most sorereii/n prescription in G.\ (hence
gen.) a physician Wiv. ii. iii. '29 Vfhat says my
Jisc7ihipins? my Galen ?.
gallsb.: spirit to resent injury or insult 0th. iv.
iii. 95 ive hare gnlls.
gall vb. (orig. sense ' make sore by chafing ' and fig.
' liarass, annoy ' occur ; 2 'm only S.)
91 - GABBOII.
1 to graze with a weapon, to wound, hurt Shr. v.
ii. 60, John iv. iii. 94, H8 in. ii. 208, Tit. iv. iii.
70, Ham. iv. vii. 147.
2 to scotf at H5 v. i. 78.
gallant sb. (2 a courteous mode of address)
1 man of fashion and ideasure, fine gentleman Ado
ni. iv. ^ all the gallants of the toiin, 0th. n. iii. 31.
2 pi. used as a vocative- gentlemen Ado in. ii. 15,
1H4 11. iv. 310, 1H6 in. ii. 41.
3 ladies' man, lover Wiv. ii. i. 22.
gallant adj. (orig. = ' showy in appcaranfc,'sm.Trt ')
1 loosely used as a gen. epithet of praise -e.xcel lent,
splendid.fine AYL. I. w.VlO A g . curtle-(o:e, AVint.
I. i. 42 (i (/. cliild, Ca?s. iv. ii. 24 r/. sliow ; of a ship
r. noble, stately Tp. v. i. 237.
2 chivalrous, lull of nob'e daring (the common S.
use) 1H4 IV. iv. 2%fjidlant warriors.
gallantry (once) : body of gallants Troil. in. i. 151.
gallant-springing: 'growing up in beauty'
(.Schmidt) R3 i. iv. 230//., brarc I'luntai/enet.
galled': (a) irritated, (b) full of gall, rancorous
Troil. V. X. 55* Some gitlhel goose of Winchester.
galled^: sore from chafing Ham. in. ii. 256///? r/.
j(ale ; fretted with salt water H5 in. i. 12 a g. rock,
Lucr. 1440 the g. shore ; with tears R3 iv. iv. 53,
Ham. I. ii. 155 Iter galhd eyes.
galley: low flat-built sea-going vessel with one
deck, formerly used in the Mediterranean, Shr.
II. i. 373 [381].
Gallia: Gaul, France H5 v. i. 94 m the G. wars,
1H6 IV. vii. 48.
Gallian : French 1H6 v. iv. 1.39, Cym. i. vi. 06.
galliard: quick and lively dance in triple time
Tw.N. I. iii. 129, H5 i. ii. 252.
galliass: heavy low-built vessel, larger ilian a
galley, employed in war Shr. ii. i. 372 [.380].
gallin aufrey : medley, jumble Wint. iv. iii. [iv.]
337 11 g. of gambols ; promiscuous assemblage
Wiv. II. i. 117 He lores the gain nam frey.
gallop : false g., canter (fig.) Ado in. iv. 94, AYL.
III. ii. 120 This is the very false gallop of rerses.
gallow : to frighten Lr. lii. ii. 44. ^ Now dial.
usually in the form 'galley', but 'gallow' is used
in south-west midl.
gallowglasses : soldiers or retainers formerly
maintained by Irish chiefs 2H0 iv. ix. 20, Mac.
I. ii. 13.
gallows (with additional pi. suffi.K gallowses Cym.
V. IV. 213) : one deserving to be h;inged, gallows-
bird Tp. I. i. 34, LLL. v. ii. 12.
gambol: as adj. sportive, playful 2H4 n. iv. 273.
game (the loll, are absolute meanings)
1 fun, sport LLL. v. ii. 155, 361 pleasant game, MND.
I. i. 240 As irai/i/ish boys in ipniic . . .
2 amorous play Troil iv. v. 63, Otli. n. iii. 19.
3 sport derived fiom the chase LLL. iv. ii. 174,
3H6IV. v. 11.
ganrester (thrice in the sense 'gambler')
1 frolicsome person AYL. I. 1. 173, Shr. ii. i. 394
[402], H8 I. iv. 45 low are a merry gamester.
2 lewd person AH'sW. v. iii. 190, Per. iv. vi. 83.
gamut: musical scale Shr. ni. i. 72, &c. (old edd.
gamfith, gamoulh). [iii. 128.
Ganymede: cup-hearer to Zeus (Jupiter) AY'L. i.
gape : to be eager to Rom. ii. Chor. 2.
gaping vbl. sb.: bawling 118 v. iv. 3 leare your g.
gaping p|il. adj.: g. pig*, pig's head served on the
table with its mouth wide open Mer.V. n'. i. 47, 54.
garb: style, manner, fashion H5 v. i. 81, Cor. iv.
vii. 44 (luster di/ and g. (-austere behaviour).
Ham. II. ii. 399 [.390], Lr. ii. ii. 103 constrains the
g. Quite from his nature, 0th. ii. i. 318. H The
meaning ' fashion of dress, costume ' is not S.
garboil : brawl, commotion Ant. i. iii. 61, ii. ii. 71.
GARDEN-HOUSE -
GERMAN
garden-house [nut pie-S.) : summer-liouse Meas.
V. i. 2M.
Garffantiia : tlie large-moiitlied voracious giant
ill liabehiis AYL. lii. ii. :i39.
garland (2 cf. ' Bellay, first garland office Poesie '
1 royal crown or diadem 2H4 iv. v. 20Q{(/(a-iiieHtf),
V. ii. 84, K3 ni. ii. 40 Till Richard mar the g. o/ the
realm. ■ -mn ,,■
2 principal ornament or 'glory Cor. i. i. 190 Hiw
. . ^thnt was your ij., I. ix. CO, ii. ii. 106, Ant. iv.
xiii. [XV.] 64.
Efarnisli: outfit, dress Mcr.V. ii. vi. 45.
g^arnished: furnished (? with words or with brains)
Mtr.V. III. V. 7.5.
g'askins : breeches Tw.N. i. v. 27 if hoth break, your
,ia.kiiix/att.
pasted: terrified Lr. ii. i. 57//- hi/ the noise I made.
gastness: terror Otli. v. i. 106 //(«//. o/hcraje.
g'ate : in llaiii. i. v. 67 The natural (/-s and alleys of
the body there is perliaps an allusion to tlie ' vena
porta' (rendered 'gate-vein' by 17tli cent.
writers).
gather : to infer, deduce, conclude Err. i. i. 95, iv.
iii. 87 The reason that If/, he is mad, H3 i. iii. 68 ;
absol. to draw inferences, get information All's W.
iv. i. 87 To (J. from thee, Ham. ii. ii. 108 now, y.,
and surmise.
gand, gawd: plaything, toy, gewgaw MND. i. i.
:!!, .Jolui III. iii. 36.
gaiided, gawded : adorned Cor. ii. i. 236 nicely
il<tii,l,deheiks.
gaiidy-night (S.): night of rejoicing Ant. in. xi.
(xiii.] 182. ^A nonce-compound modelled on
tlie cuiuiuun ' gaudy-day '.
gay: in ballad style, conventional epithet of jiraise
aiijilied to women Sonn. Music 15 [Pilgr. 225] /Ac
Indij nay.
gaze: that which is gazed at Mac. v. vii. 53 [viii.
21] the show and g. o' the time, Sonn. v. 2 The
hmly <inze.
gear (orig. sense is ' apparel, dress ' LLL. v. ii. 304)
1 stuff, tiling, article Mer.V. ii. ii. 182 a good wench
for this year, Troil. iii. ii. 220, Rom. v. i. 60.
2 discourse, talk Mer.V. i. j. 110\
3 matter, affair, business 2H6 i. iv. 17, in. i. 91,
R3 I. iv. 159 shall ive to ihisy.?, Troil. i. i. 6, Eom.
H. iv. 110.
geek: fool Tw.N. v. i. 355, Cym. v. iv. 67. ^Sm--
vivcs in midl. dial.; used by George Eliot in
' Adam Bede' ix.
geld: to deprive (o/some essential part) LLL. ii. i.
U8, R2 II. i. 2:i8 y-cd of his patrimony, 1H4 ill. i.
Ill Oildiny the opposed conlinent.
gemini : iiair "Wiv. ii. ii. 9 « yemini of baboons.
gender: )<iiid, sort, class Otii. i. iii. '327 one y. of
lierbs, Plioen. 18 ; tlie general </., the common sort
Ham. IV. vii. 18.
general sb. (the military sense is used fig. in Gent.
JV. i. 61, LLL. III. i. 195 [187], Horn. v. iii. 219 g.
of your noes, Sonn. cliv. 7)
1 the general, the whole Troil. i. iii. 342.
2 people in general, the public, the iiuiltitude Ca>s.
ir. i. 12, Ham. II. ii. 466 [457] 'ticas caviare to the y.
3 that which is common to all Troil. i. iii. 180
Si rrriils anil yi nerals of yracc.
4 in general, (ij in a body, collectively ; univer-
sally, without exccjitionlHl iv. iii. 26 So are tlie
horses of tlie enemy In y., Troil. iv. v. 21 (i.e. by
all), C;es. IV. ii. 29, Lucr. 1484 ; (ii) in all respects
Per. V. i. 185 Most wise in g.\ (iii) generally Cres.
II. ii. 29 to the 7rorld in genered as to Casar.
■>ral adj.:
'Ul collectively, whole 1H4 in. ii. 178 0(1)^^.
forces, 1H6 iv. iv. 3 all our g. force, Troil. v. ii.
129 theg. sex[ = &\\ womenkind), Lr. i. iv. 65, 0th.
III. iii. 346 the genered camp.
2 relating to the whole people, common, public 2H4
IV. i. 94, Ciies. III. ii. 95 tiie g. coffers. Ham. ii. ii.
597 [589] cleave to the g. ear with horrid spitch.
general adv.; generally 1H4 iv. 1. 5.
generally (tlie sense ' usually, commonly ' is
post-S.j
1 in a body, as a whole AYL. iii. ii. 372, Shr. i. ii.
277 To whom we nil rest y. belioldiny, H5 i. i. 88.
2 universally, without exception \Viv. ii. ii. 242(y.
allowed, Ail'sW. ii. iii. 43 to be y. tiauikjal, HH li.
1. 47, Tim. II. li. 119.
generation :
1 offspring, progeny Wint. ii. i. 147, Ii2 v. v. 8,
Troil. III. i. 148 is love a y. of vipers '!, Lr. i. i. 119.
2 breed, race, kind Tp. in. iii. 33 (inr human y.,
Meas. IV. iii. 96, Tiiu. i. i. '205 Thy mother s ofmyy.
generative: capable of generation Meas. in. ii. 121.
generous: of noble lineage, higli-burii Meas. iv.
vi. 13, LLL. V. i. 98 most g. sir. Ham. i. iii. 74,
Oth. III. iii. 280.
genius (3 not pre-S.)
1 in classical pagan belief, tutelary god or at-
tendant spirit supposed to be allotted to every
man at liis birth Tw.N. in. iv. 144, Tioil. iv. iv.
50 the G. so Cries ' Come.' 'to him, Ca;s. n. i. 06, Mac.
III. i. 56 iinder him My genius is rebiik'd.
2 used with allusion to the two miitally opposed
sjiirits (the good and the evil genius) by whom
every person was supposed to be attended
throughout liis life Tp. iv. i. 27 the strong'st
suggestion Our worser genius can.
3 embodied type or representation 2H4 in. ii. 341
It' was the very genius of famine.
gentility : politeness LLL. i. i. 127.
gentle sli.: pi. gentlefolk LLL. iv. ii. 174 ; chiefly
used (sing, and pi.) in polite address Wiv. in. ii.
96, Wint. IV. iii. [iv.] 46 Be merry, g., H5 i. Clior.
8 pardon, g-s all. Ant. IV. xiii. [xv.] 47.
gentle adj. (the senses 'well born', 'kind', 'not
viuleiit, mild ' are well represented in S.)
1 used in p(dite aidless or as a complimentary
ep;tbet Gent. i. ii. 14 Wlad think'st thon of the g.
I'roliiis?, n. i. 118 I thank you, g. servant, in. i. 14
your r/.daiii/hter, C;es. in. ii. 78 i'lm gentle Romans.
2 tanieilSiii. vii. 58, H8 v. iii. 22.
gentle vli.: to ennoble H5iv. iii. 63^. his condition.
gentleman (1 in the 17tli c. ' something more than
an ordinary Souldier, hath a little more pay, and
doth not stand Centincl ') [iv. i. 39.
1 officer of a company of soldiers 1H4 iv. li. 26, H5
2 man of gentle birth attached to the household of
a person of high rank Tw.N. v. i. 184 The count's
//., H8 I. ii. 5 That g. of Buckingham's ; transf.
1114 I. ii. 29 Diiniii's'fores/ers, y-miii of the shade;
so gentlewoman Ado n. iii. '234 [223], H8 in. ii.
95, tlfli. in. i.26 the y./hatattends the yeneral's wife.
gentry (2 properly ' what is proper to gentlemen ')
1 rank by birth, quality or rank of gentleman Wiv.
n. i. 53, Wint. i. ii. 393 which no less adorns Our
y., 1H6 II. iv. 93 ancient y.. Cor. in. i. 143.
2 good-breeding Ham. v. ii. 115 the card or calendar
iify.: courtesy Ham. n. ii. 22 y. and goodwill.
George: the jewel, on which isa figure of St.Georgc,
liiiiiiiiiii part of the insignia of the order of the
garter 2H6 iv. i. 29, R3 iv. iv. 367, 370.
german adj. and sb. {cousin-i/erman = first cousin
Tniil. IV. v. 120)
1 ( lose ly related, akin Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 805 (Ff
hrmainic), Tim. iv. iii. 345 (Ff Ocrmidi)ne).
2 appropriate Ham. v. ii. \Kivioreg. tothe nialter(Yi
Germainc, Qfi2a Icrman, Qj more cosin german).
OSBMEir -
93
— GLASS-OAZIKG
3 sb. near relative Otli. i. i. 114 (Fi O'ermaines, Q\
lernutns).
g'ermen (not pre-S., old eild. {/(rmuine) : germ Mae.
IV. i. 5'.t tin Ireasiirc Of Niiturts y-x, Lr. in. ii. 8.
gest't: pl. deeds Ant. iv. viii. 2 (old edd. t/iuxls).
gest-: time allotted for a halt (S.) Wint. i. ii. 41.
gresture (obs. use): carriage, bearing, demeanour
AYL. V. ii. 70 If you do love Jiosdlnut so ««(»• tia
heart as your g. cries it out, H5 iv. (Jlior. 25 their
gesture sad.
get (pa. t. got, in Per. ii. ii. 6 gat to rhj'uie with ((/,
pa. pple. got, also gotten)
1 iiitr. to gain 1H6 iv. iii. 32 we lose, they . . . get.
2 to get knowledge of, learn, ascertain Gent. ii. v.
40, Wint. IV. i. [ii.]55. Ham. iii. i. 2 tiet from liim
tthy he puts on this confusion.
3 to beget (frecjj ; in John i. i. 259 to get=io be
begotten ; absol. Ven. 108 to gel it is thy duty.
■[J The foil, uses are recorded first from ti. : senses
1 and 2 above, 'acquire (a custom or quality)'
Cym. IV. ii. 230, Sonn. ixxviii. 3 ; ' catch (an ill-
ness)'Tp.ii.ii. 70; hate (/o< = possess Tim. i. ii. 2G;
get thee gone Evv. in. i. 84; ' become,' with an adj.
complement Mer.V. j. i. 135 ; get aboard Err. iv.
iv. 100, Wint. III. iii. 7 ; gel back Ant. in. xi. [xiii.]
139 ; get o^'= escape Cor. n. i. 143 ; gd ow = put on
2H4 v. iii. 134, Mac. n. ii. 71.
getter: begetter Cor. iv. v. 241.
g'host sb. (the mod. use is tlie prevailing one)
1 incorporeal being, spirit Sonn. Ixxxvi. 9.
2 apparition, spectre Ven. 933. [iv. 85.
3 corpse 2H0 in. ii. 101 a timely-parted g., Ham. i.
ghost vb.: to haunt Ant. n. vi. 13.
ghostly: spiritual Meas. iv. iii. 53, Rom. in. iii. 48
ghostly confessor. [i. 190 [182].
giant-dwarf: dwarf with giant's power LLL. in.
gib(-cat): tom-cat Ham. in. iv. 190; 1H4 i. ii. 83.
gibbet: to hang as on a gibbet (S.) 2H4 in. ii. 285.
gig si). : wliipping-top LLL. iv. iii. 107, v. i. 71, 74.
gig vl>. : (?) to walk wantonly Ham. in. i. 152 (so
Q 1004 ; F nidge, Q 1070 jig).
giglet, -ot: iewd, wanton woman Meas. v. i. 347 ;
used adj. IHO iv. vii. 41, Cym. in. i. 31 y. fortune.
gild (1 common in 1G-I7th cent.)
1 to smear with blood John n. i. 316 nU gill leith
Frenchmen's blood, Mac. n. ii. 57 (quibble).
2 to supply with money Mer.V. ii. vi. 49.
3 to flush Tp. V. i. 2S0 liq}tor that h<ith gilded them.
4 to give a specious lustre to 1H4 v. iv. IGil'llg. it
with the happiest terms I hare, 2H4 i. ii. 171, Ant.
I. v. 37, Compl. 172 deceits iii re g-ed in his smiling.
gilded: of a golden colour Ant. i. iv. 02 g. jiuddic.
gillyvor: clove-scented pink, Dianthus caryo-
phyllus Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 82, 98.
gilt: gold, money H5 ii. Chor. 26.
gimmal, gimm'er : pi. joints or connecting parts
for traiisiuittiiig motion in clockwork IHO i. ii.
41 by siiiiie mid g-s or device, Their arms are set tike
clocks (Fi gimmors, Ff23 Gimmalls, Ft Gimiiuds).
giitiinaled : made with gimmals or joints, con-
sisting of two similar parts hinged together H5
IV. ii. 49 Ihe g. bit (Ft lymold, mod. edd. gimmal).
gin: to begin Mac. i. ii. 25 irhence the sun gins his
reflection ; more usu. with an infin.; cf. can vb.-.
ging (once): gang, set AViv. iv. ii. 120 (Fi Q^gin).
gipsy : allusively identified with ' Egyptian ' Ant.
IV. X. 41 [xii. 28].
gird sb.: sharp or biting remark Shr. v. ii. 58 : so
gird vb. intr. 2H4 i. ii. 0, trans. Cor. i. i. 262.
girded: invested, besieged H5 in. Clior. 27.
girdle : Ado v. i. 140 /o turn his g., said to refer to
preparation for wrestling by turning tlie buckle
to the back ;— MNl). ir. i. 175 put a g. round the
earth, make a circuit of the world.
girt: to gird 1H6 in. i. 170, 2H0 i. i. 00.
Gis: by (lis .' = hy Jesus, Ham. iv. v. 59.
give (pa. iiple. once (/nee Ven. 571 ; 8 metaphor from
the exuding of moisture, e.g. on a stone)
1 to "give away' (the bride) at the marriage cere-
mony AYL. in. iii. 71 Is there none here to g. ihe
lioman ?.
2 to dedicate, devote, surrender Wiv. v. v. 101 have
given oursilves . . . to hell, Wint. ii. iii. 8 Given to
the fire, H5 I. ii. 270, K3 ii. i. 117, Ant. in. ii. 64,
.Sonn. clii. 11 gave eyes to blindness; intr. (?)='
refl. to give oneself up to Compl. 51 gave to tear
(mod. edd. gan) ; cf. H5 iv. vi. 32.
3 (of the mind) to suggest, cause to suspect H8 v.
iii. 109, Cor. iv. v. 158 my mind gave me his clothes
made a false report of him.
4 to display as an armorial bearing Wiv. r. i. 10
mayg. tlie dozen white luces in their coat, IHO i. v. 29.
5 to represent, report Cor. i. ix. 55 ns that y. you
Iritly, Ant. i. iv. AO min's reports Give him much
irroiig'd.
0 to attribute, ascribe, assign H8 in. ii. 263 the
fault thougavst him, Rom. iv. v. 116-7 (quibbling),
Mac. I. iii. 119 those that gave the Thane of Cawdor
to me.
7 to consider, set down as Wint. in. ii. 96.
8 to be tearlul Tim. iv. iii. 493 whose eyes do never e/.
give away, to sacrifice (another's interests) Otli.
III. iii. 28 ; give back, to retreat, fall back Gent.
V. iv. 126; give off, (1) to relinquish John v. i.
27 My croiin I should </. off; (2) to cease Ant. iv. iii.
22; give over, d) to abandon, desert Tp. ii. i.
11, MND. in. ii. 130, Slir. i. ii. 106, Tit. iv. ii. 48
I'rny to the devils ; the gods have given us over ; (2)
to pronounce incurable, 'give up' 1H4 in. iii. 41,
Tim. III. iii. 12 His friends, like physicians. Thrice
give him over ; (3) to yield to 2H4 1. i. 104 //. o'er 'To
stormy passion ; give up, (1) to succuiiib Cym.
II. ii. 40 ; (2) to deliver, render R3 i. iv. 193 have
given their verdict up, Ham. i. iii. 98 i/iie me vp
'the truth.
giving out: assertion, declaration Mca-. i. iv. 51,
Ham. I. V. 178, 0th. iv. i. 129.
gladsb. : gladness Per. n. Gower 38. Tj An archaism ;
not in current use after 1450.
glad vb.: to make glad 3H6 rv. vi. 93, Tit. i. i. 100.
glance sb. : satirical hit AYL. ii. vii. hi g-s of the fool.
glance vb.:
1 (of a weapon) to glide off an object struck Wiv.
v. v. 261 [249] your arrow hath y-d ; fig. Shr. v.
ii. 61 the jest did g. away from me, Lr. v. iii. 150 ;
y. on, to strike obliquely upon and turn aside
Per. III. iii. 7.
2 to dart or spring aside Sonn. Ixxvi. 3*.
3 to pass quickly /Vojii (a subject) Meas. v. i. 307 to
g. from him to the duke himself ;—g. at, to allude to
in passing, hit at, reflect upon MND. n. i. 75 G.
at my credit with Hippotyta, Cces. I. ii. 325 Casar's
amhitum shall be glanced at.
4 to allude to Err. v. i. 60 I often glanced it.
glass (the commonest S. sense is 'mirror')
1 sand-glass, hour-glass All'sW. n. i. 108, Wint. i.
ii.300 The running of one g., iv. Chor. [i.] \(>Itiirn
my y., 1H6 IV. ii. 35, Sonn. cxxvi. 2 ; in nautical
use, half-hour glass, hence = lia]f-an-hour Tp. i.
ii. 210, V. i. 223 three glasses since.
2 magic mirror or crystal Mac. iv. i. 119.
3 eye-ball R2 i. iii. 208, Cor. in. ii. 117.
glassed : enclosed or cased in glass LLL. ir. i. 2t2.
glass-eyes: spectacles Lr. iv. vi. 175.
glass-fac'd : reflecting, like a mirror, the looks ot
another Tim. i. i. r^'.MI,, glass-fic'dflaltrrer.
glass-gazing: contemplating oneself in a mirror
Lr. n. ii. 19.
6I.ASSY -
g'lassy : frail as glass Moas. ii. ii. 120 Hisy. essence.
g'laze: to stare Cits. i. iii. 21 (mod. edd. /y/io'dt).
^ In mod. use found only in Coinwall and Devon.
g'lean: to collect into one mass H8 iii. ii. 265.
gleaned: stripped of defenders H5 i. ii. 151.
gleeksb.: gibe, iestlHGiii. ii. 123, Rom. iv. v. 115;
so gleek vb. MND. iii. i. 154, H5 v. i. 78.
g"lib: to castrate, geld Wint. n. i. 148.
glijupse: transient brightness, flash Meas. i. ii.
108 //. (*/ luirntss ; Ham. I. iv. 53 ij-s of /lie moon
( = the earth by night); fig. faint appearance,
tinge, trace Triiil. i. ii. 25.
Eflobe; Ham. i. v. 97 tins dis/raclal )/.=t\ns eon-
insed head or braia
g-looming' (once): dark (fig.) Rom. v. iii. 305 A r/.
pfdif. ^ Glooiiii/, which occurs thrice in S., is
net recorded before liis date.
glorious: eager for glory Cyni. i. vi. 7 (lie desire
tliitt'sfi., Per. I. GowerO.
gloss : sU (I </. on, to give a speciously fair appear-
ance to nil) IV. i. 103, Tim. i. ii. Hi.
glow: to maUe hot Ant. ii. ii. 212 Tu '/. /he dilica/e
cheeks.
glozesb.: pi. 'highfalutin' talk LLL. iv. iii. 370.
gioze vb. (orig. = to make glosses upon)
1 to interpret (a tiling) to be (so and so) H5 r. ii. 40
lV7(/f// Sill iijite land /he Ficnch unjiis/lyij. To be /he
realm of France.
2 to comment on Troil. ii. ii. 1G5.
3 to talk smoothly and speciously, use fair words
or flattering language R2 ii. i. 10, Tit. iv. iv. 35
thus it shall hecDiiie Hii/h-n'il/ed Tainora to ej. in/h
all. Per. i. i. 110 he has found the meaniny Bat 1
will ijloze Willi him.
glllt: toswallowTp. i. i. 65 And ijnpe ... to g. him.
glutted : satiated 1H4 iii. ii. 84 //., ijorifd, and full.
gnarl (not pre-S.): to snarl R2 i. iii. 292 y-mij
sorniir, 2H0 lit. i. 192 wolves are (jnarlinij.
gnarled: knotted Meas. ii. ii. 116//. oak. 1| First
in S., app. as a variant of ' knurled ', whence in
mud. use only from the beginningof the 19th cent.
gnaw pa. pple. ynawn Wiv. ii. ii. 311 my repn/a/ion
i/iiaini at.
go (1 current till about 1800)
1 to walk, move on foot at an ordinary pace Tp. iir.
ii. 23, Gent. iii. i. 391 yoiny will scarce serve /hij
turn, IV. ii. 20 love Will creep . . . where it cannot
ijo, 1H4 II. iii. 88, 2H4 ii. iv. 178, Lr. i. iv. 135 Kide
more than thou yoest, i3onn. cxxx. 11.
2 used in the imperative as a rebuke or remon-
strance MND. HI. ii. 25dyou are a tame man,yo.',
H5 v. i. 73, Kom. i. v. 90 i'ou are a princox ; i/o.
go about, make it one's object to Meas. iii. ii. 219,
M XD. IV. i. 213, H5 iV. i. 2i5, Lucr. 412 ; go along
with, agree with or approve of Ham. i. ii. 15 ;
go before, be superior to (S.) Cym. i. iv. 83 ; go
by, go unnoticed Slir. i. ii. 256, Meas. ii. ii. 41 ;
go even, hard, near (see even, hard, near) ;
go in, join in Ado i. i. 194 [188]; go off, die Mac. v.
vii. 66 [viii. 36]; go through, do one's utmost
Meas.ii.i.293[285], Per. IV. ii.47; goto! used to
expre.ss disapprobation, remonstrance, protest,
or derisive incrednllty (very freq.); go to it, (I)
perish, die Gent. iv. i v. 5, Ham. v. ii. 56 ; (2) copu-
late Lr. IV. vi. 115, 125, Pci-. iv. vi. 82 ; go up,
(of a sword) be put up in its sheath Ca>s. v. i. 52.
goal : Ant. iv. viii. 22 Get y. for y. of -he even with.
goatish: lascivious, lustful Lr. i. ii. 143.
gobbet: piece of raw flesh 2H6 iv. i. 85, v. ii. 58.
god sli.: prefixed, without the article, to the name
of a deity, or a person likened to one Ado iii. iii.
142 likeyod Bel's priests, Troil. i. iii. 160 yod Achilles
(QFi; Ffa.T yood)\—Cod he iri' yon, in old edd.
usually God buy you or ye (also bu-'y, buy'), occas.
94 — GOOD
God be with you, God buy to you, later Ff and Qq
God b' w' ye, b' wi' ye or you \—God diy-you-den,
God (y)i//odeH : see good-den.
god vb.: to deify, idolize Cor. v. iii. 11.
God-a-mercy (2 ay^p. orig. = ' God reward you ')
1 =God have mercy I Shr. iv. iii. 153, 1H4 iii. iii.
58, Ham. iv. v. 198 6'. on his soul .' (Ff Gramercy).
2 used in response to a respectful salutation or a
wish, usu. expressed by an inferior, for a person's
• welfare John i. i. 185, H5 iv. i. 34, Troil. v. iv. 33,
Ham. II. ii. 172.
godfather: fig. sometimes with ref. to the god-
father's naming the child at l)aptism LLL. i. i. 88
'J'tuse early y-s of heaven's liyhts That yivc a name
to eviry fixid star, Ven. Ded. 5; — jocularly, p!.
jurymen whose verdict brings a man to tho
gallows Mer.V. iv. i. 399 (cf. '1 will leaue you To
your (lod-lathers in Law, Let twelve men worke,'
Jonson, ' twelve God-vathers, good men and true '
Randolph).
God 'ild, Godild (old edd. yod{d)ild, God-eyld,yood
dild, Goddd'd): lit. ' God yiekl,' used in' return-
ing thanks AVL. in. iii. 81, v. iv. 56, Mac. i. vi.
13, H:im. IV. v. 42 Bow do you, pret/y lady ?—Well,
G. you .' ( = thank you).
god-like adv.: divinely Per. v. i. 208*/. perfec/.
goer : (/.-back, one who retreats Cym." i. i. 169 ; //.-
iackniird, one who deteriorates AH'sW. i. ii. 48;
y.-ietween, go-between Troil. in. ii. 208.
Gog: perveision of oouShr. iii. ii. l&ibijy-s-nouns.
gold: the metal used in the ornamentation of
fabrics, gold thread Shr. ll. i. 348 [356] Valance
of Venice yold.
golden (the fig. sense 'precious' is frecj.; 3 </. lime
2H4 V. iii. 98 is also used like (/. aye 'Ip. ii. i. 175
[168], Lucr. 60, q. world AYL. i. i. 127)
1 of gold (freq.); y. care, the burden of the crown
2H4 IV. V. 22; //. 40))o»',(?) sorrow that comes fiom
high rank H8 ii. iii. 22.
2 rich Tim. iv.in.lStheharnedpate Ducks to/he y.fool.
3 exceedingly favourable or propitious Tw.N. v. i.
394 When . . . yejhlin time convents.
goldenly (S. coin.-ige): excellently AYL. i. i. 6.
Golias : form of Goliath Wiv. v. i. 24 (Ff Q3 Goliah),
found also in Chaucer and app. used in mediaeval
Latin IHG i. ii. 33 Samsons and Goliasses.
gondola (old odd. Gondilo, -ylo, Gmiddlo): light
flat-bottomed boat in use on the Venetian canals
Mcr.'V. II. viii. 8, AYL. iv. i. 40 : hence gondo-
lier 0th. I. i. 126 (Ff Qq23 Gundelier).
gone: not pre-S. in the senses (1) dead John in.
iv. 163, (2) far advanced R2 11. i. 185, (3) lost,
ruined Meas. v. i. 297, Mer.V. iii. v. 19.
good sb. phrases: do 11. to, be of use or advautaee
to Mer.V. in. v. 7, AYL. v. ii. 65, Tit. iv. ii. 35,
Ven. 28;— »(i(t7( //. do it (cf. DICH) 'Wiv. i. i. 84;
—do ij. on or upon, prevail upon Meas. iv. ii. 71,
1H4 in. i. ViO one that no persuasion can do y. iipon,
Rom. IV. ii. 13;— rfo (/., be successful, make pro-
gress Wiv. I. iv. 148 Shedl I do any y.?, AVint. 11.
ii. 54, 2H6 iv. iii. 15 to thrive and ilo y.
good adj. (all the ordinary senses are ireq.; 6 (ii) is
the most freq. meaning of make yood)
1 a conventional epithet to titles of high rank
Wint. I. ii. 220 At the y. queen's entreaty, H8 m.
i. 77 (/■ your Graces, Cym. n. iii. 158 She's my y.
lady ; hence freq., an epithet of courteous ad-
dress or respectful reference Tp. i. i. 10 G. bont-
sivain, Gent. I. ii. 115 Be calm, g. winel, Wint. iv.
iii. [iv.] 200.
2 comely Per. iv. ii. 51 She has a yoodface.
3 in mildly depreciative sense iiiiplying weakness
or trustful sim|)licity H8111. ii.357 yood easy mini.
4 able to fulfil his engagements, financially sound,
GOOD CHEAP -
GOVERNOR
(hence) wcaltliy, substantial Mei'.V. i. iii. 12, IG,
Cor. I. i. IG.
5 absol. used vocativcly (cf. good now) Tp. i. i. 3,
17 .\(:y, i/ood, be pnlierd, Koni. i. v. 8 Good (Iiok.
0 make grood, (i) to cany into effect, fulfil, per-
form Slir. Ind. i. 19, i. i. 74, iv. il. 115 lo make the
vialter <j., 2H6 v. i. 122, Cor. i. vi. 8G, Tim. I. ii.
205 to wake Ins ivixlus q.. Ant. ii. ii. 149 ; (ii) to
prove (a statement, enlarge) to be true, sub-
stantiate R2 I. i. 4, Ham. i. ii. 210 ; (iii) to sliovv
or prove (a person or thing) to be blameless
Mer.V. I. iii. 95, Wint. ll. iii. 60 /. . . uould hij
lomhal make herg.; (iv) to maintain, liold, defend
(a position) H8 v. iv. 58, Cor. i. v. 12 io make ij.
the citji, Lr. I.J. 176, Cym. v. iii. 23.
good clieap: ciieap 1H4 in. iii. 51.
g'ood-conceitedr: well devised Cym. ii. iii. 18.
g'ood-deed : in reality, in deed AVint. i. ii. 42.
good-den, good-even: tlieiull plir. 'God give ye
good even ' is represented in F\ by Godr/i' f/oudc'tii
or Good-e'eu (Horn. i. ii. 58, in. v. 173), but tlie
early Qq and Ff have Godif/oden, Goddc-(/odden,
Godifieden, Godyif/odcn, God diu-yoii-elen (LLL. iv.
i.42 Fi), for winch mod. edd. read God-ye-f/ood-di n,
God gi' yo' din or ijood-dcn, &c.; the shoitciied
form is variously spelt in old edd. good den,
fjovdidjiii, i/oddeu, goode'eii.
good-faced : pretty Wint. iv. ii. [iii.] 124 Xo, g. sir.
^ CI'. GOOD adj. 2.
good-fellowship : 1H4 i. ii. 155, Troil. iv. i. 52.
goodman (3 evolved from the use in 2ii)
1 husband Shr. Ind. ii. 107 I eim your goodman.
2 prefixed to (i) designations of occupation Ham.
V. i. 14 /;. detver ; (ii) names of pcisons under the
rank of gentlemen, esp. yeomen or tin-mers Ado
in. v. 10 G. Verges, LLL. iv. ii. 37 f/. Dull, 2H4 v.
iii. 91 g. J'liff of Darson; hence (iii) allusively,
jocularly, or ironically Mens. v. i. 324 (/. Ixit'd-
pale, Tw.N. iv. ii. 145 //. driicl, 1H4 n. iv. 107 //.
Adam, 2H4 v. iv. 31 6'. death .' g. bones.', Lr. n. ii.
49 goodman hoy.
3 yeoman LLL. i. i. 306 I'll lay my hceul to any
goodman's hat.
good morrow: good morning, good day; also in
phr. H5 iv. i. 26 i>o my g.to them, Rom. li. iv. 118
Goil ye g., Lr. ii. ii. 1G5 Giie you g. .'.
goodness: 'good things' Meas. in. ii. 234 Blis'i
and g. on you!, v. i. G ne hear Such g. of your
justice, 1H6 in. ii. 72 Talbot means no </., R3 i. iv.
198 (Ff), Lr. V. i. 7, 0th. i. ii. 35 Theg. of the night ;
(hence occas.) success Mae. iv. iii. 136 the chance
of goodness.
good-night: (?) funeral song or dirge 2H4 in. ii. 346.
good now: interjectional expression denoting
eiitieatv, expostulation, acquiescence Err. iv. iv.
20, Wiiit. V. i. 19, Troil. in. i. 124, Ham. i. i. 70,
Ant. I. ii. 27, i. iii. 78. •■ Survives in south-
western dial.; cf. GOOD adj. 5.
goodwife : formerly prefi.xed to surnames = Mrs.
2H4 n. i. \0i goodwife Keech, the butcher's wife.
goodwill : by or of one's (/., of one's own accord,
voluntarily R2 iv. i. 177, Ven. 479.
good year (in old odd. also good-yeer(e, -yere, -jer,
-iir): app. uscdasameaninglessexpletivein y\'hat
theg., Wiv. i. iv. 127, Ado i. iii. 1, 2H4 n. iv. G3,
190 ; hence in imprecations, denoting some un-
defined malefic power Lr. v. iii. 24 The g-s shall
deroitr them. ^ Supposed by some, without
evidence, to be orig. aword meaning ' the French
disease '.
goose: tailor's smoothing iron, ofwhich the handle
resembles a goose's neck Mac. n. iii. 17.
goose-pen (S.): qnill pen Tw.N. iir. ii. 56.
gorhellied : lat-paunched 1H4 ii. ii. 97.
Gordianknot: intricate knot tied by (he Phrygian
king Uordius, and cut by Alexantler the Great,
Cym. n. ii. 34 As sliptmy as the G. teas hard ; fig.
H5 I. i. 46 T\(rn him to any cause of policy, The G.
of it he Hill unloose.
gor'd: fig. rent asunder Lr. v. iii. 322.
gorge: what has been swallowed ; cast theg., ov'ijz.
a phrase of falconry Tim. IV. iii. 40. " [174.
gorget : piece of armour for tlie throat Troil. i. iii.
Gorgon: any of three mythical women, having
snakes for hair, whose look turned the Ixliohler
to stone Mac. il. iii. 79 destroy your sight ]YitU a
mie Gorgon, Ant. n. v. 116.
gospel : iised allusively with ref. to ' the gospel
tor the day' at mass Tw.N, v. i. ii98 a niadnutn's
episllts arc no gosjiels.
gospell'd: imbued with the principles of the
gospel Mac. in. i. 88.
goss : gorse, furze, or whin, Ulex europaeus Tp.
IV. i. \S0 pricking goss. ^This form probably
survives in the AVarwicksliire phrase ' as rougii
as goss '.
gossip sb. :
1 a child's godfather or godmother, sponsor (always
with ref. to their relation to the parents) Gent,
in. i. 270 'tis not a iiiaid, for she liath hial g-s (i.e.
for a child of hers), Wint. n. iii. 41 About some
g-s for your highness, H8 v. v. 13 My noble g-s
( = sponsors to Princess Elizabeth).
2 friend Mer.V. in. i. 7 my g. Iteport, Rom. n. i. 11
■my g. Xenus ; used as a prefix to a woman's sur-
name Wiv. IV. ii. 9, 2H4 n. i. lOG//. Quickly.
3 ajiplied to a woman's female friends invited to
be present at a birth, (hence) tattling or gossip-
ing Woman MND. ii. i. 47 sometime lurk I in a g. 's
boivl, Mer.V. in. 'i.%as lying a g. . . us ever knap/ud
gim/er. Tit. iv. ii. 152 loni/-loni/it'd (/., Rom. in. v.
172 ; fig. Tw.N. I. V. 294 ; so' gossip-like Ado
v. i. 193.
gossip vb. (cf. GOSSIP sb. sense 3)
1 to be sponsor to All'sW. i. i. 191.
2 to be a gossip, take part (in a feast) Err. v. i. 410,
MND. n. i. 1-5.
gossiping: merrymaking (orig. meeting of 'gos-
si|)s', esp. at a birth) Err. v. i.422, John v. ii. 59.
goujeret: incorrect spelling of good year in
mod. edd.
gourd: kind of false dice Wiv. i. iii. 92.
gout: drop Mac. n. i. 46 gouts of blood.
govern (freq. in the gen. sense, once common) : to
direct, regulate, control Gent. n. vii. 74 truer
stars did g. Proteus' birth, Wiv. v. i. 21 the finest
waddcvil of jealousy . . . thuteicrg-id frenzy, Mer.V.
IV. i. 134, Cses. i. iii. 83, Ham. m. ii. 379//. these
ventages with your finger, Lr. iv. vii. 19 Be g-'d by
your knoniidge.
governess: ruler, mistress MND. n. i. 103 the
moon, theg. of floods, Lucr. 443.
government (the sense ' rule, sway ' occurs)
1 control, management MND. v. i. 125 a souiat, hut
not in !/. (i. e. without control of the stops of the
'recorder'; cf. Ham. in. ii. 379), Rom. iv. i. 102,
Cj'in. n. iv. 150 Quite besides Tlie g. of patience.
2 demeanour, conduct, behaviour, esp. becoming
conduct, discretion 1H4 i. ii. 31 men of good g.,
in. i. 183 Defect ofnainncrs, uantof </., 3H6 i. iv.
132 'Tis g. thai haikes them seem dieine, H8 ii. iv.
136 wife-like g., 0th. in. iii. '256 Fear not my g.
3 command of an army, &c. 1H4 iv. i. 19, 1H6 ii. i.
64, Oth. IV. i. 249.
4 period of rule Meas. iv. ii. 141.
governor (the obs. uses are as follows)
1 military commander Oth. n. i. ,'i5.
2 tutor 1H6 I. i. 171 ordain'd his special gorernor.
GOWN-
GSAVE
grown : niglitgown 2H4 in. ii. 199.
grace sb. (l du t/mce occurs also in the sense 'do
a kindness, confer a favour ' cf. 3 ; 5 is only S.
and is an extension of tlie religious sense 'favour
of God')
1 do (a person or thing) g., reflect credit on, set in
a good light, embellish 1H4 ii. i. 79 to do the pro-
fession some (J., V. iv. 101 if a lie may do Hue rj.,
Ham. I. i. 131, Sonn. xxviii. 10, cxxxii. 11 mourn-
iiifj doth thee <j.\—in g. of, in honour of M.'Sl). iv.
i. 140.
2 ornament H5 ir. Chor. 28 this (/nice of kings.
•A favour LLL. v. ii. 128, H8 iir. ii. 167, Mac. i. vi. 30
sliidl cuiifiiiae our g-s toioards him ; good opinion
Ado ir. iii. 32 come in mg gnicc.
4 fortune, hap, luck Gent. iir. i. 140 curse the g.,
Meas. I. iv. 09, Wint. v. ii. 125, Hani. i. iii. 53.
5 the source ot grace, (iod. Ado ii. i. 310, All'sW.
I. iii. 228, ir. i. Hi;{, Wint. i. ii. 80 G. to boot .', Mac.
V. vii. 101 [viii. 72J.
6 beneficent virtue or efficacy Rom. ii. iii. 15 ; cf.
HERB-GRACE.
7 sense of duty or propriety Gent. v. iv. 105 the hoy
hath g. in him : he blushes, AYL. in. iv. 2 hai-e the
g. to consider that tears do not become a mun \
virtue Mac. iv. iii. 91 the king-becoming g-s.
8 serving to form complimentary periphrases ;
used ludicrously in MND. v. i. US) I am thy lover's
g. ( = tliy lover), IHO v. iii. 33 the devil's grnce.
9 mercy, pardon Meas. v. i. 375, 3H6 ii. ii. 81 kneel
for (/., Lr. HI. ii. 59 cry These . . . s^tmmoners i/.
grace vb. : to gratify, delight R3 iv. iv. 175. ^ The
usual senses are 'adorn, embellish ', and ' confer
honour on, do honour to '.
grac'd: endued with graces Mac. iii. iv. 41* the g.
jii rsiiii of our Bunquo; but ? = dignified, honour-
alilf, as in Lr. i. iv. 209 a grnc'd palace.
graceful (1 otherwise only 15th cent.; 2 only S.)
1 full of divine grace Wint. v. i. 171.
2 favuunil>le Ant. II. ii. 04 with graceful eyes.
gracious (only 3 is still current ; 5 is not evidenced
clwfwhere in Eliz. literature)
1 finding favour, acceptable, popular AYL. i. ii.
202*, 3H0 III. iii. 117 g. in the people's eye. Tit. i.
i. 11, 170, 429.
2 attractive, graceful, elegant, lovely Ado iv. i.
109, MND. IV. i. 220, Mer.V. iii. ii. 76 a g. voice,
John III. iv. 81 a g. creature, R'i iv. iv. 205 toyal
and gracious.
3 kind (frcq.) ; used as a courteous epithet, e. g.
Tp. V. i. 253 How fares my g. sir?, LLL. v. ii. 737
gracious lords.
4 godly, righteous, pious, holy Meas. iii. ii. 238
a brother Of g. order, Troil. ii. ii. 125 To mike it (a
quarrel) </., C;es. in. ii. 199 g. drops. Ham. v. ii. 87
Tliy state is tlie more gracious.
5 happy, fortunate Meas. v. i. 70 her g. fortune,
Wint. III. i. 22 gracious he the issue.
graciously : through divine grace Per. iv. vi. 05.
gradation: position, rank Oth. i. i. 37* old;/.
graff si). : graft, scion Pur. v. i. 00 For every g. would
.s( lid a caterpillar ; fig. Lucr. 1002 This bastard g.
graiF vb. (pa. pplo. graft): to insert a graft in (a
stock) AYL. III. ii. 126 g. it with a medlar, 2H4
v. iii. 3 pippin of my own g-ing, 2H0 in. ii. 214
slock Was graft with crab-tree slip, R3 lii. vii. 120.
graft vb. (' graft ' as a sb. does not occur)
1 to fix, implant, or attach, as one does a graft or
scion All'sW. i. ii. 54, Wint. I. ii. 240 A servant
g-id m my serious trust, R2 in. iv. 101 the plants
thou g-'st, 1H4 III. ii. 15 Such . . . rude society, As
Ihoii art . . . grafted to, Mac. iv. iii. 51.
2 to fix grafts ujiou (a stock) Cor. n. i. 208 some old
crub-tnes . . . that will not Be g-cd to your relish.
grafter (rare sense): original tree from which a
scion has been taken for grafting H5 ni. v. 9.
^rain (1 'grain' is properly tlie red insect used in
dyeing called 'kermers', 'alkeiuies', butalso =
'cochineal )
1 in g., literally, dyed scarlet or crimson, fast dyed
M>D. I. ii. 98 ^0((r ;)i()7)/e in-g. beard; (hence) in-
delible, ineradicable, ingrained Err. in. ii. lOJ
[a fault] 'tis m g., Tw.N. i. v. 267 'Tis in g., sir ;
'twill endure wind and weather.
2 arrangement of veins and fibres in wood ; fig.
dm rt his g. Tortive and errant Troil. i. iii. 8 ; phr.
(not pre-8.) against the grain L'or. n. iii. 241.
grained' : ingrained Ham. in. iv. 'Mmich black and
I/, spots ; furiowed, lined Err. v. i. 313 this g. face
\.fmi,u.
grained-: pronged, forked C'ompl. (A his g. bat.
gramercy (2 the Qq read Hod a mercy)
1 - Gou-A-MERCY 2, Mer.V. n. ii. 131 h'ud bless your
worship! — Gramercy .', R3in. ii. 105, Tit. i. i. 495,
IV. ii. 7, Tim. ii. ii. 08, 73 ; expressing thanks for
advice Slir. i. i. 41, 107.
2 = GoD-A-MERcy 1, Ham. iv. v. 198 (/. on his soul.
grammar-school: one of a class of scliools orig.
foundel for the teaching of Latin 2H0 iv. vii. 37.
grand (in Wiv. iv. v. 89*, Lr. ii. ii. 112' the mean-
ing is uncertain ; in Ham. v. ii. IS g. commission
is prob. modelled on technical terms like ' grand
assize ', ' grand jury ')
1 pre-eminent, chief Tp. i. ii. 274 her g. hesis, v. i.
280 thisg. liquor { = the elixir), R2 v. vi. 19 The g.
conspirator, R3 iv. iv. 52.
2 '/• sum, grand total H8 in. ii. 294.
:{ main, principal Ant. in. x. [xii.] 10 g. sea ( = ocean).
grand captain : chief captain or commander Ant.
in. i. 9. ^ A technical military term of the
IGth cent.
grandsire : used for ' old man ' Shr. iv. v. 50 :
adj. = ancient Rom. I. iv. 37 I am proverb'd with
a grandsire phrase)
grange: farm-liouse, country liouse Meas. in. i.
279 the moated g., Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 3o9, Utli. i. i.
100 My house is not a grange.
grant : to assent to 3H6 i. i. 245 g-ed to that act.
grasp sb.: embrace Troil. iv. ii. 13 the g-s of love.
grasp vb. (2 not pre-S.)
1 to clutch 2H0 III. ii. 172 g-'d And Ingg'dfor life.
2 to embrace Troil. in. iii. 108 G-s in the comer.
grass-green : green with grass (not pre-S.) Ham.
IV. v. 31.
grass-plot (not pre-S.) ; Tp. iv. i. 73.
grate sb.: grating IHOi. iv. 10, 00; barred place
of confinement Wiv. n. ii. 9 looked through the g.,
like a genii ny nf baboons.
g'rate vi>. (the foil, are now obs. or rare uses)
1 to wear away Troil. in. ii. 195 g-d To dusty nothing.
2 to harass, irritate Ham. in. i. 3 G-mg so harshly
all his days of quiet , Ant. i. i. 18.
3 to make exacting demands u)ion AViv. ii. ii. 7.
g'ratify (the sense ' to please ' al.so occurs)
1 to reward, requite Cor. ii. ii. 45 To g. his noble
service, Oth. v. ii. 211, Cym. n. iv. 7 / barely g.
your love.
2 to give a gratuity to, fee Mer.V. iv. i. 407 g. this
f/entlcman.
3 to gi ace LLL. IV. ii. 103 to gratify the table.
gratillity : clown's humorous jierversion of
'L'latuity ' Tw.N. ii. iii. 28.
gratulate adj.: gratifying Meas. v. i. 531.
gratulate vb.: to greet, salute R3 iv. i. 10 To g.
the giiille princes, Tim. I. ii. 13:3; to express joy
at Tit. I. i. 221 gratulate his safe return.
grave (|ia. pplo. gravid and graven)
1 to bury, swallow upas in a grave R2 ni. ii. 140
GRAVEI. -
<l-'d in the hollow ground, Tim. iv. iii. Itj7 dilchcs
fjrdic yon nil !.
2 to cut into Veil. 376 soft sif/hs can ncecy yrare it.
'i to engrave, record by engraved letters or sonie-
tliing resembling thcni Mer.V. ii. vil. 36 this
■inyivf) q-d in gold, R'5 iv. iv. 141 (Ff branded),
Liicr. 755, Sonn. c. 10 If Time have anij ivrinlcle
graven there.
gravel: attiib. =hard (fig.) Meas. iv. iii. 71.
gravelled: nonplussed AYL. iv. i. Kg. for lack of
nudln:
gravely : with dignity 1H4 n. iv. 485 [478]. [50.
graves: old form oi greaves (leg-armour) 2H4 iv. i.
graymalkin : properly = grey cat, used in Mac. i.
i. 8 as tlie name of a fiend.
graze vb.' : (humorously of persons) to feed Rom.
HI. V. 190 U. iihere yon wtll, yon uliall not house
it'dli me.
graze vb.2 (not pre-S.) : to abrade in passing 0th.
IV. i. 279 neither g. nor pierce ; to ricodiet H5 iv.
iii. 105 {Fi grasnig, Fi Qq erasing).
grease: {?) to make gross or lewd (cf. Gkeasily)
Tim. IV. iii. 196 greases his pure wind.
greasily: grossly, indecently LLIj. iv. i. 141.
greasy: contemptuous epithet Wiv. ii. i. 110 this
g. Uniijhl, AYL. ii. i. 55 you fat and g. citizens.
great (less usual or obs. senses are)
1 pregnant (fig.) Per. v. i. 107 / am great unth woe.
2 (of tlie heart) full or ' big ' with emotion or pride
Shr. V. ii. 172, AU'sW. iv. iii. 370, K2 ii. i. 229,
2H4 1V. iii. 121, R3 v. iii. 348.
3 (of letters) capital Tw.N. ii. v. 98 her great P's.
4 g. time, long while Tp. iii. iii. 105 ; Of g-cr time,
older Gent. ii. vii. 48.
5 in titles of office =' grand ' H5 iv. viii..lOO ^.-
master of France, 1H6 iv. vii. 70 6'. mtireschal to
Henry the Sixth. [61.
6 g. morning, broad day Troil iv. iii. 1, Cyin. iv. ii.
7 adv. g. like, very likely 2H6 in. i. 379.
great-belly doublet : doublet with a thick ' belly '
01 lower part H5 iv. vii. 52. ^| ' Dublets with
great bellies . . . stuffed with four, five, or si.k
pou nd of Bombast at the least ' (Stubbes, Anatomy
of Abuses, 1583) ; cf. thin-bellv.
great kinsman : (?) ancestor Rom. iv. iii. 54 ; or
(/)<Y(/ = eminent.
greatly : illustriously H5 v. ii. Clior. 407 [Epil. 5].
greatness: often used with possessive pronoun
as a title, e.g. LLL. v. i. 116 it pleaseth his g.
gree : to agree (in various senses) Gent. ii. iv. 184
I'totted and g-d on, Meas. iv. i. 44 other tokens
Bcticcen you g-d ( = agreed or determined upon),
Mer.V. II. ii. Ill How g. you now?, Slir. ii. i. 264
[272] your doivry g-d on, 291 [299] we have g-d so
veil together. Ant. ii. vi. 37 this g-d tipon, Sonn.
cxiv. 11 what with his gust is greeing.
Greece: Shr. Ind. ii. 95 ./ohn Aaps of (!., ? read
6')((/(t, the name of a hamlet nearWinchcomb in
Gloucestershire and of a village on the Warwick
load near Birmingham ; Troil. ii. i. 13 The plagitc
of G. 'alluding, perhaps, to the plague sent by
Apollo on the Grecian army ' (J.).
Greek : merry 0'., Troil. i. ii. 116, iv. iv. 56; a com-
luoii plir. in 16-17th cent, for 'merry fellow,
roysterer, boon companion'; so foolish Greik
addressed to the clown in Tw.N. iv. i. 19.
green sb.: verdure Sonn. xii. 7, Ixviii. 11 ; grassy
turf or sod Per. iv. i. 16 (Ff3 4 Grave).
green adj. (« '/. eye is regarded as a point of beauty
MND. V. i. 343, Rom. iii. v. 222)
1 said of the sea, and hence of Neptune, Tp. v. i. 43,
Wint. IV. iii. [iv.] 28, Ant. iv. xii. [xiv.] 58.
2 pale, sickly Tv/.N. ii. iv. 115 a g. and ydlow
mdancholy, Rom. ii. ii, 8, Mac. i. vii. 37 i/. and pale.
97 _-GRlSI.EI>
3 of tender age, youtliful Tim. iv. i. 7 g. virginity,
Sonn. civ. 8, Pilgr. iv. 2 [44]/)f.v/i, and green.
4 flesh (frcfj. of material and immaterial things);
//. in earllt, just buried Rom. iv. iii. 43.
5 raw, inexperienced LLL. i. ii. 95 a g. wit, H5 ii.
iv. 136 his g-cr days. Ham. i. iii. 101 a greeii girl.
green-ey'd: epithet of jealousy Mer.V. iii. ii.llO,
Otli. in. iii. 166. [iv. iii. 75.
green goose: young goose, gosling LLL. i. i. 97,
greenly : unskilfully, foolishly H5 v. ii. 148, Ham.
IV. v. 83.
green-sickness: kind ofanaemiacaiicd chlorosis,
affecting young women Per. iv. vi. 14; transf. of a
man Ant. in. ii. 6; with rcf. to the morbid ay)pe-
tite characterizing the disease 2H4 iv. iii. 100.
greet: to gratify Per. iv. iii. 38. ^ A rare sense,
found also in Greene's 'James IV '.
grey sb.: cold sunless light of early morning Ado
v. iii. 27, Rom. in. v. 19; cf. grey-ey'd }/(or)i
Rom. n. iii. 1. ^These uses are not pre-S.
grey adj.: iioaiy, ancient 1H4 ii. iv. 506 [499] that
g. iniiiuitg. ^I In its application to the colour of
eyes grey is supposed by some, e.g. Malone, to
iiiiaii wiiat we now call ' blue '.
grief (both the foil, are common Eliz.)
1 hanlfsliip, sutfering, cause of pain or sorrow Ado
1. i. 323 [315] love's g., LLL. iv. iii. 171 }Yhere lies
thy g.1, Tw.N. ii. iv. 117* siinling at g., 1H4 v. i.
134 tlie g. of a wound, 2H4 i. i. 144 my limbs,
Weakcn'd nith grief.
2 grievance 1H4 iv. iii. 42 The nature of your g-s,
H8 I. ii. 56 The subjects' g., Cses. i. iii. 118 redress
of all these griefs, Per. li. iv. 23.
grief-shot (S.): sorrow-stricken Cor. v. i. 45.
grievance (the sen.se ' cause of complaint' occurs)
1 oppression, annoyance 2H4 iv. i. 198 such picking
grievances, 0th. i. ii. lb restraint and griirancc.
2 trouble, distress, suffering Gent. i. i. 17, iv. iii.
37 / pity much your g-s"*, Rom. I. i. 162, Sonn.
XXX. 9 Then can I grieve at g-s foregone.
grieve (1 a rare use ; 2 a freq. poetical use)
1 to be a grievance or cause of complaint Per. ir.
iv. 19 It shall iio longer grieve wilhont reproof.
2 to feel grief for, be sorry for, regret Wint. iv.
Chor. [i.] 18, R2 il. ii. 37 the nothing that I grim.
1H4 V. iv. 29, Lr. iv. iii. 55 you shall not g! Lend-
ing me this acquaintance, Ven. 1024.
grievous: used adv. (S.) R2 i. iv. 54 (Ff Qs viry),
1H4 IV. i. 16 he's grievous sick.
grievously :
1 with a heavy penalty, dearly Cies. in. ii. 86,
2 bitterly, sorrowfully Gent. in. ii. 14 takes hts going
grievously, 0th. v. i. 53 erg so grievously.
3 strongly, exceedingly John iv. iii. 134.
griffin: fabulous animal, lialflion, half eagle.
grind (2 metaphor from sharpening an axe)
1 to affiict, torment Tp. iv. i. 261 ;/. their joints.
2 to whet (the appetite) Sonn. ex.' 10. lin. i. 62.
gripe sb.': grasp H5 iv. vi. 22, H8 v. iii. 100, Mac.
gripe sb.^: vulture Lucr. 543 the g.'s sharp claws.
gripe vb. (commonly said of grief in the 16th cent.)
1 to clutch or grasp at Per. i. i. 49.
2 to clutch, seize, grasp (lit. and tig.)AViv. i. iii. 92
J,et ml lures g. thy guts, John iv. ii. 190, 1H4 v. i.
57, H8 n. ii.' 136 to he g-'d by (= join Jiands with);
absol. Cym. in. i. 40.
3 to grieve, afflict 3H6 I. iv. 171 To see how utiy
stirrow gripes his soul. [grief.
griping: painful, distres.sing Rom. iv. v. 129 g.
grise, grize (old edd. also grice, greese): step Tw.N.
III. i. 138, Tim. iv. iii. W every g. of fortune, 0th.
I. iii. 200 as a g. or step.
grisled: horrible, grisly Per. in. Gower 47*' the g,
north (Qi; Qqj-c grislee, ^^grtesUe, FI3 1 yrmlg)'
GRISLY — 1»
grisly : f:iim, gliastly USD. v. i. Ul TliiSf/. beast,
IHO I. iv. 47, Per. iii. Gowcr 47 (sec grisled).
Grizel (Fi GrisscJI): later form of the proper name
'(irisildc' borne bv the heroine of Chaucer's
Clerk's Talc (adapted from a story of Pctrarcli's),
who is the proverbial type of a meek, patient
wile Shr. ii. i. 289 [297].
grizzle: sprinkling ofgrey Tw.N. v. i. 169.
griszled: grey Ham. i. u.'£i9{Qqgrissrd, Ffr/risly),
Ant. III. xi."[xiii.] 17 (his f/. head (Ft (jfnicd).
grizzly : grey, grizzled Ham. i. ii. 239 (see jjrec.).
groat: coin equal to four pence Airs"W. ii. ii. 23,
H5 V. i. 132.
groom (the common sense is 'servant')
'1 fellow Tit. IV. ii. 166 ijoii are gallant f/rooins.
2 bridegi-oom Shr. iii. ii. 216, 6th. ii. iii. 182, Cym.
jir. vi. 69.
gross sb.: twelve dozen ; only in plir. hy the f/.,
in largo numbers Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 208.
grossadj.(the senses 'glaring, flagrant' and 'coarse'
are common)
1 big, bulky Wiv. ill. iii. 42 this </. waterij pumpion,
Lr. IV. vi. 1-1: The crows . . . Show scarce so f/. as
hectics : with quibble in Ado v. i. 168 a f/rcat [/.
one, 1H4 u. iv. 25-t [lies] </. as a monntani.
2 big-bodied, corpulent lH4r ir. iv. 668 [560].
o palpable, plain, evident Wiv. v. v. 147, Meas. i.
ii. 165 With character too y. is writ, All'sW. i. iii.
180 to all sense 'tisf/., Wint. it. i. 175, 1H4 ir. iv.
254 (cf. sense 1), H5 ii. ii. 103 as ,7. As black /mm
white. Ham. iv. iv. 46, 0th. i. ii. 72, iir. iii. 219;
as adv. =plainly Meas. 11. iv. 83 FU speak more ij.,
Lr. I. i. 295 (F[ fjrossdy).
4 entire, whole LLL. t. ii. 50 the q. sum, AYL. TV.
i. 205 the ,7. band of the imfaitliful, 2H4 11. i. 94 ;
also short for ' gross sum ' Mer."V. i. iii. 66 the y.
Of full tliree thousand ducats ; fig. Ham. I. i. 68 jji
the q. and scope ( = general drift) of my opinion.
5 dull, stupid Err. lit. ii. 34, Ado v. i. 168 (cf.
sense 1), MND. v. i. 376 This palpable y. play,
AYL. II. V. 56, H6 IV. i. 302 g. brain, E3' 111. vi.
10, 0th. III. iiL 405.
6 phrases involving absol. uses: by gross, whole-
sale LLL. v. ii. 320 we that sell by y.\ in gross,
generally, on the whole Mcr.'V. in. ii. 159.
grossly (3 now the only surviving use)
1 luilpably, plainly, obviously Err. ii.ii.l73, All'sW.
I. iii. 186 soy. shown, H5 tr. ii. 107, Sonn. xcix. 5.
2 flagrantly, excessively Meas. v. i. 473, John iv.
ii. 94, 1H4 III. iii. 149, Ant. in. viii. 38 [x. 29].
3 materially (opposed to 'spiritually') Mer.V. v.
i. 66, Tw.N. V. i. 247 A spirit . . . grossly clad.
4 stupidly Meas. iii. i. 18, John iii.'i. 163 led so g.
by this meddling priest, R3 iv. i. 79, 0th. iii. iii.
396 grossly gape on.
5 clumsily Wiv. it. ii. 151 Let them say 'tis y. done.
6 indelicately, coarsely Mer.V. v. i. 266 Speak not
so grossly.
7 (?) in a state of gross sinfulness Hani. iii. iii. 80.
grossness: bulkiness Troil. i. iii. 325 Whose g.
little characters sum up ; flagrant cliaracter,
enormity Mer.V. iii. ii. ^0 Hiding the g. with fair
ornament; materiality MND. itr. i. 167 thy mortal
(/. ; coarseness, want of refinement AViv. v. v. 133,
R3 III. i. 46* ; stupidity Tw.N. in. ii. 80 such im-
passible passages of yrossness.
ground sb. (2 isfreq.; many quibbles occur between
literal and figurative meanings)
1 the bottom of the sea or otlier water 1H4 i. iii.
204 Where fatlioin-line could tievcr touch the g.; the
bottom where the water becomes too shallow for
a vessel to float 2H4 iv. i. 17 touch g. And dash
themselves to pieces, iv. iv. 40 on g. ( = aground).
2 basis, foundation bhr, ui, i. 74 ' Gamut 'lam, the
- GUARD
(/. of all accord, Tw.N. It. iii. 166 his g. of faith ;
(hence) motive, reason Wint. t. ii. 353 my g. in
do't Is the obedience to a master, Rom. v. iii. 180
the true g. of all these piteous woes, Conipl. 63 the
grounds and motives of her ti'oe.
3 in painting or decoration, main surface or first
coat of colour 1H4 i. ii. 234 like bright metal on a
sullen ground, Lucr. 1074 My sable ground of sin
I will not paint.
4 plainsong or bass on which a descant is ' raised '
(fig.) R3 III. vii. 48 on that g. I'll make a holy
descant, Tit. it. i. 70 (with play on sense 2) should
the empress know This discord's g., tite music would
not please.
5 space traversed or occupied Mer.V. it. ii. 114 till I
have run some g.; — get y. of, get the better of 2H4
It. iii. 53, Cym. i. iv. 119; give y., recede, yiel.l
Tp. II. ii. 65, 3H6II. vi. 16.
ground vb. : to fix, establish, found, base AYL.
I. ii. 296, R3 i. iii. 29 y-ed malice, H8 t. ii. 141,
Sonn. Ixii. 4, cxlii. 2.
groundling: frequenter of the pit of a theatre
Ham. III. ii. 12 to split the ears of the yroitndlnigs.
grovel,vb. (not pre-S.) : John 11. i. 306, 2H6 i. ii. 9.
grow (1 is common with adjs.)
1 to become Tw.N. v. i. 93 grew a tnenly years ri-
moied thing, 1H4 iir. ii. 68, Cor. iv. iv. 21 .'/. diar
friends, Sonn. cliii. 7 a cold valley-fountain . . .
Which . . . grew a seething bath.
2 to accrue, become due Err. iv. i. 8 the sum . . . Is
f/-ing to me, iv. iv. 123 how the debt y-s, Sonn.
Ixxxvii. 11.
grow on (1) to advance, proceed Per. iv. iv. 19 So
with his steerage shall your thoughts y. on ; (2) to
come by degrees MND. i. ii. 10 and so g. on to a
point (Ffi'33 ; Qq //. to a point); grow on or upon,
(1) to increase so as to be more troublesome to
(a person) H5 iir. iii. 56, Lr. v. iii. 106 My sick-
ness g-s upon me; (2) to gain ground upon Cics.
II. i.' 107 llie sun arises ; Which is ei great irayg-ing
on the south ; (3) to come to take' liberties with
A YL. I. i. 92 begin you to g. upon me ! ; grow to
or unto, (1) to become closely, vitally, iiidis-
solubly united to R2 v. iii. 30, 106, H8 v. v. 50
like a vine g. to him, Cym. i. iii. 1, Von. 640 /ncc
g-s to face '; (2) to adhere or cling to H8 in. i. 8S
They tlnxt my trust must y. to. Ham. iv. vii. 85 he
grew unto his seal, Sonn. xviii. 12; (3) to be an
integral part of 2H4 1. ii. 100 / lay aside that which
g-s to me ? ; (4) to advance to or arrive at (a
particular stage or state) IH61V. i. 36 .r/-u to credit
by the wars, R3 in. vii. 20 grew to an end (Ff driw).
growth : size, stature Wiv. iv. iv. 50, AYL. i. ii.
131, 2H4i. ii. 182.
grxidge sb. : murmur, grumbling Tp. i. ii. 240.
grudge vb. : g. one Uiouyht, have one cnviouj
thought IHiinr. i. 175.
grudging vbl. sb.: = grudge sb. Ailo in. iv. SO he
cats his meat without g.\ so grudging ppl. adj.,
unwilling, reluetautiH6iv. i. Wltheiry. stomachs.
grunt: to groan Ham. in. i. 77.
guard sb. (other S. uses than those below are : ' pro-
tection, defence,' ' posture of defence,' ' watch,'
' protector, defender ')
1 keeping, guardianship, custody Err. v. i. 140 lie
broke from those that had the g. of him, Mer.V. i.
iii. 176 in the fearful g. Of an ■unthrifty kiiaie.
Cor. I. X. 25 ('uiider the protection of my brother'),
Lr. V. iii. 1, 48, Ant. v. ii. 67 I'll take her to my g.
2 at a g., on his defence Meas. i. iii. 51 ; out of
one's;/., unprepared Tw.N. i. v. 92.
3 pi. caution Conipl. 298 Shook off my sober guards.
4 border or trimming on a garment Meas. in. i. 95,
Ado I. i, 297 [289] the g-s are but sli'/htly basted
GUARS -
Oil, 1H4 III. i. 200 rclat //-,v ; tig. LLL. iv. iii. 5S
riiiHS iin f/-s OH icniiloH Cup id' a hose: with play
on the meaning 'defence ' 2H4 i. i. 148.
5 |il. tlic stars li and y of the constellation of tlie
LesserBear, Otli. ii. i. Xhtheg-sof theeicr-Jixcd pole.
guard vb. : to ornament with' ' guards ' (see prcc. 4),
to trim Mcr.V. ii. ii. 170, H8 Pro!. 10 a lonn
iiioUcii coot (/-(d ni'th yellow; fig. Ado i. i. 290
(288], John iv. ii. U) Tori, a idle that was rich be-
fore. ^1 The only jire-EJiz. meaning of the word.
g'liardage : guardianship 0th. i. ii. 70.
gtiardant : guardian, protector IHO iv. vii. 0,
Cor. V. ii. 07.
g'tiardsman : soldier of the guard Ant. v. ii.
232 stage dir. (K|).
gudgeon : one who will bite at any bait or swallow
anything, credulous or gullible person Mcr.V. i.
i. 102.
guerdon : reward, rcoomponsc Ado v. iii. 5, LLL.
in. i. 178 L170] ; so guerdon'd, rewarded 2H0
I. iv. 49, ;iHO III. iii. 191.
guess : conjecture 2H4 in. i. 88, H5 i. i. 90 wi/li n
niulji (J., Tit. II. iii. 207, Cses. ii. i. .3 Giveg.; rough
estimate Mer.V. i. iii. 56 by (he nenrg. of my mem-
oi-y, Lr. V. i. 52, Sonn. Ixix. 10 /« r/nc.w. [48.
guessingly (notpre-S.): by conjecture Lr. in. vii.
guide : conduct, direction Tim. i. i. 252 giro tliem
fptiile to us.
[guidon t: military flag or pennant, broad at tlie
end near tlie stalf and forked or pointed at tlie
otlier ; or the bearer of it H5 iv. ii. 00 (Ff Ouard :
on).}
guilder: properly, gold coin formerly current in
the Notlii'ilaiids and parts of Germany ; also,
Dutch silver coin; u.sed in pi. = money Err. i. i.
S, IV. i. 4 / . . . ntint guildosfor iinj royngc.
guiled: treacherous (S.) Mer.V. iii. ii. 97.
glliltless: 2H0 iv. vii. 101 gitiltlesi blood-shedding
= slicddiiig of innocent blood.
guilty: used with various implications ; (I) Lucr.
1511 g. (i(.sA<)ife = suggestion of guilt ; (2) applied
to the instrument, occasion, &c. of a crime Err.
IV. iv. 05 the g. doors. Tit. v. ii. 184 The bason that
receives your g. blood : (3) playfully in a transf.
sense LLL. i. ii. 117 The world was very g. of such
a ballet ; (4) involving guilt, criminal IHO ii. iv.
94, R3 I. iv. 283//. murder, Rom. iil. ii. Ill daiiiiud
g. deeds ; (5) laden with guilt 3H0 v. vi. 11 the g.
iiiind ; (0) prompted by sense of guilt Lucr. 1482
g. woe; the construction with to ( = of) occurs
twice Err. in. ii. 109 g. to .self-wrong, Wint. iv.
iii. [iv.] 651 guilty To ( = to blame for).
guinea-hen: strumpet 0th. i. iii. 318.
guise: custom, habit, fashion 2H0 i. iii. 45, Mac.
V. i. 21 This IS htrvcryg., Cym. v. i. 32, Ven. 1177.
gules: heraldic name for 'red' Tim. iv. iii. 59,
Ham. II. ii. 488 [479].
gulf: voracious belly Mac. iv. i. 23, Lucr. 557.
gull sb.' : unfledged bird 1H4 V. i. 00 that ungentle
//., thecuckoo's bird, Tim. n. i. 31 a nal;(d g. ^ Now
used in Worcestershire and Warwicksliire dial.
for a gosling.
gull sb.2 (not pre-S.)
1 dupe, fool Tw.N. iii. ii. 70, v. i. 210, 3.55, H5 in.
vi. 72, R3 I. iii. 328 simple gulls, 0th. v. ii. 101.
2 trick, deception Ado n. iii. 1.32 [123].
gull vb.: to dupe, cheat, take in Tw.N. n. iii. 147,
H5 II. ii. 121, Sonn. Ixxxvi. 10.
gull-catcher: trickster, cheat Tw.N. ii. v. 200.
gum: used for 'rheum ' H5 iv. ii. 48 ; cf. Ham. n.
ii. 204.
gummed: stiffened with gum 1H4 ii. ii. 3 a g. velvet.
gun-stone : stone used for the shot of a gun H6
I. ii. 282.
99 - HAIR
gurnet > li.sh of the genus Trigia ; .soused g., used
as a term of opprobrium 1H4 iv. ii. 13.
gust sb.: taste, liking, relish Tw.N. i. iii. Mthe g.
liC'hath in quarrelling, Tim. III. v. 55* sin's ex-
trcmest g., Sonn. cxiv. 11.
gust vb.: app. to taste (fig.) Wint. I. ii. 219*
(? 'when I am the last to licar of it ').
guts: gluttonous or corpulent person 1H4 n. iv.
256 thou clay-brained g.; still in u.se in Warwick-
shire for ' a greedy person ' ; (?) offal, applied to
a dead body Ham. in. iv. 212*.
guts-gripirig : Troil. v. i. 21 ;/. ruptures (mod.
cdil. guts-i/rijiing, ruptures ; Drydenin his version
has ' gut-gripings, ruptures').
Guy: Guvof Warwick, whoslewtliegiantCoi.nRAND
(q.v.) H8 v. iv. 23 not Sam.son, nor Sir diiij.
gyve vb.: to fetter, shackle 0th. ii. i. 17l'(Ffi34
giue, Q(] cutcli).
gyves: fetters, shackles (also fig.); Ham. iv. vii.
21 Convert his g. to graces (?' regard his impri-
sonment as an ornament to liim, au'l so calling for
more devotion from them ').
H
H : Ado III. iv. 55, quibble on ache sb. (q.v.).
ha (2 is freq. and is chiefly S.)
1 exclamation expressing wonder or surprise,
eagerness, indignation ; often preceded hy ha or
ah (Tp. v. i. 203 Jla, ha! What things are these !,
Ham. I. v. 150 \h, ha, boy ! sayst thou so?).
2 used as an interjectional interrogative = cli ?
Mer.V. II. V. 44 What says that fool . . . ha?
3 in.trticulate vowel sound, expressing liesitatioii
or interruption in speech, often with hum Troil.
iir. iii. 287, Per. v. i. 84.
ha' : worn-down form of have.
hatoer-de-pois : Eliz. form of avoirpupois.
habit: the common moil, senseot 'settled practice,
custom' occurs only three times (Gent. v. iv. 1,
Mcr.V. I. ii. 02, Ham. i. iv. 2'J), the usual S.
meanings being 'dress, garb' and 'bearing,
demeanour', wliicli are app. blended in some exx.
habited: not pre-S. in the sense 'dressed, attired'
Wint. IV. iii. [iv.] 569, Tit. ii. iii. 67 is it Dian,
habited like her?.
habitude: constitution, temperament Compl. 114"*.
hack vb. : of uncertain meaning in Wiv. ii. i. 52,
IV. i. 09; the context suggests some indelicate
ref. (cf. Hackney).
hackney : common woman LLL. in. i. 35.
hackney'd : see common-hackney'd.
haggard: sb. wild female hawk caught wlicn in
her adult plumage Ado in. i. 36 as coy and wild
As li-s of the roek, Shr. iv. i. 190 to inein my h.
(fig.), Tw.N. in. i. 72 ; (licnce) wild and intract-
able woman Shr. iv. ii. 39 ;— adj. wild, intractable
0th. III. iii. 200 if I do prove her haggard.
haggle (not pre-Eliz. in any sense): to hack,
iiiaiiglc H5 IV. vi. 11 York, all haggled over.
hag-seed: a hag's offspring Tp. i.ii. 305.
hair (3 a common Eliz. sense ; Ant. i. ii. 200 like the
courser's hair refers to the popular notion that
a liorsehair placed in water will turn into an eel)
1 type of something small or slight, jot or tittle,
iota Tp. I. ii. 217 .\'oi a h. iicrish'd, 2H4 i. ii. 20 it
IS not a h. amiss, Troil. iii. ii. 191 // 7. . . sivcrve
a h. from truth ; so h-'s breadth Wiv. rv. ii. 3 ; to
a /(., to a nicety, witli the utmost exactness
Troil. III. i. 159.
2 against (he /(., contrary to the natural tendency,
against the grain Wiv. n. iii. 42, Troil. i. ii. 28.
3 kind, nature, stamp, character 1H4 iv. i. 61 The
quality and hair of our attempt.
HAIR-BREADTH -
loo
- HANDSAW
hair-breadth: not pre-S. as ad j. Otli. i. iii. 13i>.
halberd: military weapon, used cliiefly in tlic
loth and IGtIi eent., consisting of a sliarp-cdged
blade ending in a point and a spearlicad mounted
on a liandle five to seven foot long Err. v. i. 185,
■■iUC-, IV. iii. 20. R3 i. ii. 40.
halcyon: a bird (identified with tlie kingfislier)
ul which the ancients fabled that it bred about
the time of the winter solstice in a nest floating
on the sea and produced a calm for the space of
fourteen days ; (hence) /(. dai/x = period of calm
1H6 I. ii. 131 ; in Lr. ii. ii. 83 (urn /heir h. heats
Wil/i ererij (I'lle there is a ref. to tlie belief that
a dried specimen of the bird hung up so as to
move freely would turn in the direction of the
wind.
half: one of two partners LLL. v. ii. 250 III not he
your It., Shr. v. ii. 78 / iciU be ijniir h. ( = sliare
the risk witli you); (hence) wife Cxs. ii. i. 274 /o
we, your self, tjoitr li.\ cf. Ado il. iii. 188 [177J
lidlf iiii/^t!f ( = my wife).
half- blooded (not pre-S.): of superior blood by
dill' parrnt only Lr. v. iii. 81 H. fellow.
half-cap : lialf-conrtoous salute (S.)Tim. ii. ii. 222.
half-chsck'd, cheek'd (Fl h<ilf(() chfrkt or che let) :
applied to a hit in which the bridle is attached
lialfway up the cheek or side-piece, thus giving
insufficient control over the iiorse's mouth Shi',
in. ii. 68.
half-cheek: side-face (S.) LLL. v. ii. 617.
half- face: thin face John i. i. 92 (cf. next).
half-faced (1 cf. 'grotes, halfe giotes, and sliyl-
linges with halfe faces' Stow's Chronicle, 1.561)
1 (orig. of a coin) having a profile stamped upon it
like the groats and ha f-i;roats first struck in 1503
(18tli year of Henry Vli) John i. i. 94 A li. e/roat
(applied contemptuously to a thin-faced man);
so linlf-fnced fellow 2H4 in. ii. 280.
2 with only one half of the face visible 2116 iv. i. 98
our half-faced sun, strinnq to shnic.
3 imperfect, half-and-half 1H4 i. iii. 208.
half-kirtle* : (a) jacket, (b) the petticoat attached
til it 2H4 V. iv. 24.
half-part: half John ii. i. 4.37 He is the h. of a
lile\std man, Per. iv. i. 94 H., inates, h..'.
halfpence: small pieces iS.) Ado ii. iii. 157 [147].
half-supp'd: half-satistieJ Troil. v. viii. 19 My
lialf-siipp'd sword.
half-sword: at h., at close quarters with swoiiLs
1114 II. iv. 185 at lialf-sivord with a dozen.
half-world : hemisphere Mac. ii. i. 49.
halidom: orig. the holy relics upon which oaths
weio sworn, the ancient formula beiiiij ' as hclpc
me God and halidome ', altered later to ' by my
halidome', which was subsequently used by
itself as a weak asseveration Gent. iv. ii. 138 By
my II., I was fast asleep, Shr. v. ii. 100, H8 V. i.
117 Xow,_ hy my h., M'liat iiuinner of man are yon? ,
Kom. I. iii. 43. ^ In old odd. hallidome, hollidatii,
holydainie ; the form liolydaiiie is due to associa-
tion with 'dame', the phrase being popularly
taken as = by our Lady.
hall (3 not recorded beloie S.)
1 baronial or squire's residence Shr. ii. i. 189 Kate
of Kale- Hal I.
2 tlie Hedl, Westminster Hall, formerly the seat of
the High Court of Justice 118 ii. i. 2.
3 (( hidl .', a cry to clear the way or make sufficient
iiioiii, etg. for a dance Kom. i. v. 30.
halloo: in mod. edd. represents a to, alow of old
edd. in Lr. in. iv. 76.
hallow: to shout, (intr.) Gent. v. iv. 13, AVint.
HI. iii. 78, 2H4 I. ii. 216; once trans. Tw.N. i. v.
293 Hallow your name to the nverhcrate hills.
Hallowuiass: the feast o( All Hallows, All Saints'
Hay, Nov. Ist, Gent. ii. i. 28 to speak pulni/i, lilce
a li<!/:/ar id H., Meas. II. i. 133, R2 v. i. 80 (old edd.
Uollowwass ; ' Hallowmass'. . . was, in S.'s time,
ten days nearer the winter solstice than now,'
Clark and Wright). ^ Cf. All-Hallowmass.
halt: halt or lame man Sonn. Music iv. 10 [Pllgr.
308] A cripple soon can find a h.: an alteration of
the proverb ' It is hard halting before a cripple'
(Heywood, 1562); cf. 'It is ful hard to halten
vnespied Byfore a crepul, for he kan the craft '
(Chaucer).
Hanies Castle: Ham in Picardy 3H6 v. v. 2.
hammer (the literal .scnre also occurs)
1 to devise, plan 2H6 i. ii. 47 h-ini/ treachery ; al.so
intr. to deliberate earnestly upon or of Gent. i.
iii. 18 that Wlierion tins month I liare been li-iny,
Wint. II. ii. 49 hammer'd of this desiijn.
2 (of an idea) to be persistently in the mind Tit. ir.
iii. 39 Blood and revcnye are h-ing in my head.
hand sb. (the foil. obs. uses of phrases are found)
1 with preps.: at h., (i) at the beginning, at the
start Caes. iv. ii. 23 like horses hot at h.; (ii) by
liand John v. ii. 75 a lion foster'd up at h.:--at or
in any h., of all h-s, in any case LLL. iv. iii. 219
Tilt re fore, of all h-s must ire be forsicorn, Shr. f.
ii. 150 see thrit at any h., 229, All'sW. iii. vi. 44 in,
any h.;-by Ihis h., by one's own or another's //.,
used freq. in asseverations Tp. in. ii. 57 by this
II., I will supplant .wine of your teeth. AYL. in.
ii. 420 by the white h. of Bosalind, AllsW. in. vi.
75, 2H6 V. iii. 29 by my h., lords, 'ticas a ylorioiis
day, Troil. iv. i. 22 Hy Venus' h. I swcar.Coi: iv. v.
156, Ven. 80 ; also /or mt/ h. Shr. i. i. 193 ; in one's
h., led or held by one John ii. i. 236, R3 iv. i. 2,
H8 V. iii. 22, Cor. v. iii. 23, Tit. v. iii. 138 ; brief
in h., shortly to be dispatched John iv. iii. 158 ;
ni h. with, occupied or engaged with Ven. 912 In
II. with all tliinys, nour/htat all effectiny ; — of one's
Ii-s, in respect of one's actions or valour in fight
Wiv. I. iv. 27, Wint. v. ii. 186 [178] a tall fellow
of thy h-s, &c., 2H4 n. ii. 74: out of h., (i) at
once 1H6 in. ii. 102, 3H6 iv. vii. 63," Tit. v. ii.
77 ; (ii) done with 2H4 in. i. 107 were these in-
7i'ard -wars once out of h.;—unto thy h., ready for
thee Ant. iv. xii. [xiv.] 29.
2 with verbs: bear in h. (freq.), todeludc (a person)
with false hopes or pretences, pretend or profess
to do something Meas. i. iv. 52, Ado iv. i. 309,
Shr. IV. ii. 3, Mac. in. i. 81, Ham. ii. ii. 67 ; r/nr.
hic your h-s, applaud MND. v. ii. 68 [i. 444] ; 'laid
. . . hy the II., secured 2H4 i. iii. 21 ; haic . . . in h.
have to do with Tw.N. l. iii. 70 ; holds h-s with,
is the equal of John ii. i. 494 ; lay h. on heart,
reflect Rom. ni. v. 192 ; made a fine h. or fair h-s,
succeeded, done well H8 v. iv. 76, Cor. iv. vi.
118: lake {join, close) h-s refer to the ceremony
in file marriage .service Ado iv. i. 310, v. iv. 56,
AYL. v. iv. 135, Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 374. 396, John
II. i. 532-3; will to h., call for execution Mac. in.
iv. 139.
hand vb.: to handle Tp. i. i. 26 //. n rope ; to deal
with Wint. n. iii. 63, iv. iii. |iv.] 360.
handfast II the phrase is only S.)
1 fiiiu hold ; in h., held fast Wint. iv. iii. [iv.]798.
2 marriauc-i'ontract Cym. i. v. 7S.
hand-in-hand*: well-matched Cym. i. iv. 80 a kind
(if liniiil-in-liand eiiiiiparison.
handkercher, -chief: in old edd. also -cheff'e,
-rliif(f)e. -chiifi.
handsaw : saw managed with one hand 1H4 ii. iv.
190 my sword hacked like a h. ^ In Hani. ir. ii.
407 [397] tchcn the wind is southerly,! know a hank
from a /(.', usually explained as a corruptiou of
HANDSOME —
101
HARRY
'lier(olnso\v', 'lier(o)nsliaw', but dial, variants
of suoli a type, e.g. ' lia(h)nser ', ' lia(h)nsey ', are
recorded only from East Anglia : see hawk sb.
and the comni.
handsome: proper, fitting, becoming, decent
Ado IV. ii. 9'J one that hath two i/owns, <iud cicrij-
llunr/ h. about him, v. iv. 105 ; ? also in Ham. ii.
ii. 475 [46G] more handsome thanjine*; adv. 2H4
It. iv. 304 tliat ever I dress nvisclf handsome.
handsomely : conveniently Tit. ir. iii. 208 if ice
miss to iiuit him h. ; elegantly, neatly Tp. v. i.
l'y:i trim it Ii., Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 770 Ac iceursthem
■not lidndsiimilij.
handy-dandy : words used in the cbildreu's game
• which liaiul will you liavc'; — cliooso which you
please Lr. iv. vi. 158 change places; and, h.,
nhicli is the justice, which is tlie thief?.
hang (pa. t. aiid pa.^pplc. hunn, except in the sense
'put to death by hanging', in which hiinf/cd is
usual ; in MND. v. i. 307 Qq hani/<d, Fihtimi ; in
AYL. III. ii. 18:?, Cym. ii. iv. 08, Pilgr. xiv. 3'[183]
hani]cd is used for hunc/) ■.—hnni/ off, leave go
MND. III. ii.200 ; havf/iip, liangon a gibbet LLL.
IV. iii. 54 love's Tyburn, that h-s up simplicity,
luini. III. iii. 50.
hanger : strap on a sword-belt from whicli the
sword hung Ham. v. ii. 157, &c.
hanging" : gloomy Meas. iv. ii. 35 a hawjing look.
hangings: fruit on a tree Cym. iii, iii, 03 my
nullow hanyinys.
hangman : playfully applied to Cupid, Ado in. ii.
11 the little /'.; attrib. ? = fit for the hangman
Gent. IV. iv. 01 hangman f boys' (Ff hangman's
boyes or boy).
hap: dear hup, good fortune Rom. ii. ii. 189; by
hdjis, by cliancc Ado in. i. 105.
haply, happily : in the sense 'poreliance, per-
haps' tlie old edd. have haply about twice as
freq. as happily : exx. of the latter are Shr. iv.
iv. 54 (Ft Q), Tit. iv. iii. 8 (Qq), Ham. i. i. 134
(Fi), Lr. I. i. 102 (Ff; Qi Ifappdi/, Qq23 haply),
0th. II. i. 282 {FUn\ ui. iii. 203 (Qq ; Ff) Haply.
happiness: propriety, appropriateness, felicity
Ado II. iii. 202 [191]'7/« hath . . .a good outward*
h.; Ham. II. ii. 217 ah. that often madness hits on.
happy adj.
1 propitious, favourable ; phr. in h. time Shr. Ind.
i. 90, AU'sVV. v. i. 0, C;«?s. ii. ii. GO, Ham. v. ii.
214, 0th. Ill, i. 32 ; ni a h. hour Ado iv. i. 288 ; in
very h. season 2H4 iv. ii. 79 ; all meaning ' at an
aiipropriato moment, in time ' ; also Kom. in. v.
112 in happy time = .'i jU'opos.
2 apt, dexterous, skilful Gent. iv. i. 34 Have you
the tongues 7— My youthful travel therein made me
h., Cym. in. iv. 177 telllum Wherein you are happy.
3 appropriate, fitting, felicitous 1H4 v. iv. 102 I'll
gild it with the happiest terms I have, IHO in. ii. 18
tins happy stratagem, Tim. i. i. 10 tliat happy verse.
happy vb. : to render happy Sonn. vi. 0.
harbour sb.: shelter, lodging Meas. i. iii. 4, LLL.
ir. i. 174, 2H0 in. i. 330, v. i. 108, Tim. v. iv. 53,
Lucr. 768.
harbour vb. : to lodge ; trans. Err. i. i. 136 any
place that h-s men, Tw. N. ii. iii. 106 she h-s you
as her kin.iman, John ii. i. 262; intr. Gent. lii. i.
140, K2 I. i. 195, 3H0 iv. vii. 79.
hard adj. (the ordinary lit. and fig. meanings occur)
1 hardened, obdurate Tim. iv. iii. 270, Mac. in. iv.
143, Ant, in. xi. [xiii.] Ill when ice in our vinoas-
ness grow hard.
2 too h. for, too mucli for, more than (one) can
manage LLL. ii. i. 250.
3 harsh to the ear Ado v. n. 39 a hard rime.
hard adv. (I c£ ' a Trotting Horse, wlieu he sets
hard, and goes of an uneasy rate ", Holme's
Armoury, 1088).
1 with an uneasy pace AYL. in. ii. 334 trots hard.
2 Go h. (wdh), fare ill (with), be hurtful or disad-
vantageous (to) Gent. IV. iv. 2, Mer. V. in. ii. 291,
Shr. IV. ii. 80, iv. iv. 109 It shall go h. ifCambiogo
without her, 3H0 n. vi. 77 ; go h. but introduces a
statementof what will happen unlessoverwhelm-
ing difficulties prevent it, esp. it shall ejo h. but I
will = I will assuredly Gent. i. i. 86, Mer.V. in.
i. 78, Ham. in. iv. 207.
3 with difficulty 3H6 v. i. 70 The h-cr match'd, the
greater victory, 0th. i. ii. 10 I did full hard forbear
him; so hard-a-keepiny, difficult to keep LLL. i. i.
05 ; hard-rul'd, managed with difficulty H8 in. ii.
102, liard-bclicving, incredulous Yen. 985.
4 close, near (freq.) Wiv. iv. ii. 41 //. by, iv. ii. 114,
h. at door. Err. iii. ii. 124 h. in the palm of the
hand. Ham. I. ii. 179 it follow'd h. upon, 0th. n.
i. 270 hard at hand.
hard-favour'd : of unpleasing countenance, ugly
AYL. ni. iii. 31, H5 in. i. 8, Yen. 133.
hardim.ent : boldness, bold exploit 1H4 i. iii. 101
changing h. with great Glendower, Troil. iv. v. 28,
Cym. V. iv. 75. [vi. 22.
hardiness : boldness, daring H5 i. ii. 220, Cym. in.
hardly (the meaning ' scarcely ', into which 2 im-
perceptibly passes, is the commonest)
1 severely, harshly H8 I. ii. 105, Cym. in. iii. 8.
■2 with difficulty Gent. i. i. 143, n. i. 120, 2H4 n.
iv. 123, Cor. v. ii. 78 Iiras h. moved, Mac. v. iii. 62.
hardness: difficulty 0th. in. iv. 35 0.' hardness
to disstinble, Cym. v. v. 432; hardship 0th. i.
iii. 2.{4, Cym. iii. vi. 21.
hardock: (?) burdock Lr. iv. iv. 4(Ff 12 Hardokes,
(,1(1 hor-dorks, mod. edd. hoar-docks f, harlocksf,
hltrdorks-f).
hare-bell: wild hyacinth Cym. iv. ii. 222.
hare-finder: in the sport of coursing, one whose
business is to espy the hare in her form Ado i. i.
19:f [180)/o tell us Ciipid [who is blind !] is a good li.
hark : used imperatively to start or urge on dogs
in the chase Tp. iv. i. 260 there, Tyrant, there!
hark, hark!.
harlockt: see hardock. ^Actually recorded once,
from Drayton's Dowsabel.
harlot: lewd person Err. v. i. 205 she with h-s
feasted, Cor. in. ii. 112, Kom. 11. iv. 46, attrib.
Wint. n. iii. 4 the harlot king.
harlotry: courtesan 0th. iv. ii. 239 (Qi harlot) ;
silly wench 1H4 in. i. 198, Rom. iv. ii. 14 A
peevish self-will'd h. ; attrib. as a vague term of
contempt = ' scurvy ', worthless 1H4 n. iv. 442
tlicsc harlotry players.
harniony: music, tuneful sound Tp. in. iii. 18
'What h. IS this?. Ham. ill. ii. 385 [378]. U The
earliest meaning.
harness : body-armour Troil. v. iii. 31, Mae. v. v.
52 ; used for men-at-arms 1H4 in. ii. 101.
harness'd: armed, in armour John v. ii. 132,
Troil. I. ii. 8.
harp: to hit upon, guess Mac. iv. i. 74.
Harpier (Harper t): ? error for ' harpy' Mac. iv. i. 3.
harpy: fabulous monster, rapacious and filthy,
having a woman'sface and bocty and a bird's wings
and claws, supposed to be a minister of divine
vengeance Tp. in. iii. 83, Ado n. i. 282.
harrow: to lacerate (the feelings), distress Ham.
I. i. 44 it h-s me with fear and wonder; I. v. 10 a
tale . . . whose lightest word Would h. up thy soul ;
with play on the lit. sense Cor. v. iii. 34 /.ft the
Volsces Plough Home, and harrow Italy.
Harry /«n shillings: ten-shilling pieces coined in
the reign of Henry VIII, 2H4 ui. ii. 239.
8
HARSH
102
harsh ('rough to the ear' and 'rude, roughly
offensive ' are the commoner S. meanings)
1 unpleasantly rough (i) to the touch Troil. i. i. CO,
(ii) to the t;iste (lig.) 0th. v. ii. 114.
2 (?) of unpleasant or rougli aspect Sonn. xi. 10
Harsh, featureless and rude.
harvest : season lor reaping corn ; fig. Ado i. iii.
27, Tw.N. III. i. 146 come to harvest ( = ripene[l),
Cyni. 1. i. 40. Tf The fig. use of the sense 'ripened
fruit or i)roduce ' is much commoner.
harvest-home: fig. occasion of profitWiv.ii.ii.292.
haste sb. : i«/i.,(l) with speed, quickly, e.g. Mer.V.
n. ii. 187 [180] Return tn h., R2 i. i. 150 In h.
whereof { = ' in order to expedite tliis proof) ; Lr.
II. i. 26 t' the h.\ so in all h., with all possible
speed R3 iv. i. 66, Troil. i. i. 121 In all swift h. ;
(2) eager to get something done quickly, in a
hurry, e.g. Gent. l. iii. 89 He is in h.; therefore 1
pray you, go ;— make h. is freq. ; in tlie same
sense are used take his h. Tim. v. i. 215, put it to
the haste Ant. v. ii. 195.
haste vb.: to urge on, speed, accelerate Mer. V. ii.
ii. 124, 1H4 III. i. 142, Cor. v. i. 75, Rom. iv. i. 11 ;
Ham. I. V. 29 H. me to know't = Let me know it
quickly. [-21-
hastily : quickly, speedily Ado v. i. 45, John i. i.
hasty (the ordinary mod. sense is frequent)
1 quick, speedy 2H4 ii. i. 143, Rom. v. i. 64 A.
powder, Cses. iv. iii. HI, Ham. ii. ii. 4 Our h.
sendinq.
2 in a hiirry Ado v. i. 49, 2H4 iv. v. 59, R3 iv. iv. 163.
hasty-witted : inconsiderate, i-ash Shr. v. ii. 40.
hat : used like cap 1 (iii) Cor. ii. iii. 104 to have my
hat ; exclamation by this hat! Wiv. i. i. 175 (cf.
HOOD).
hatch vb.: (2 chiefly tinder or beneath the h-cs,
which is now associated with the mod. sense
of ' grated framework covering the hatchway ')
1 half-door, gate or wicket with an open space
above Err. iii. i. 33, John l. i. 171 In at the window,
. or else o'er the h. ( = born irreguLarly), v. ii. 138
take (=jump over) the hatch, Lr. m. vi. 76.
2 pi. movable planks forming a kind of deck in
ships Tp. I. ii. 230, "Wiv. ii. i. 95, 2H6 in. ii. 103
/ stood upon the hatches, R3 I. iv. 13, Per. ill. i. 72.
hatched' : closed with a hatch Per. iv. ii. 37.
hatch'd'-: h. in silver, inlaid with strips of silver,
fig. of hair streaked with whiteTroil. I. iii. 65. _
hatcixment: square or diamond-shaped tablet dis-
playing the armorial bearings of a deceased
person Ham. iv. v. 214 No trophy, stvord, nor
hatchment o'er his bones.
hate : cause of hatred (not pre-S.) John iii. iv. 28,
Cor. I. i. 189.
hatefully : malignantly Yen. 940.
haught: haughty R2 iv. i. 254 thou h. insulliny
man, 2116 I. iii. 71 (Fi hawjhtie), R3 li. iii. 28 h.
and jiriiud.
haug'hty : high-spirited, high-minded, exalted
1H6 II. V. 79 this h. great attempt, iv. i. 35 A.
courage, R3 iv. ii. 37.
haul : to drag2H4 v. v. 38 (Ffias Hall'd, F4 Hal'd,
Q lUiUh).
haunch : fig. latter end 2H4 iv. iv. 92 the haunch
of iiin/cr.
haiint sb. : public resort, society of men AYL. 11.
i. 15 our life exempt from public h.. Ham. iv. i. 18
oulofh.{= secluded), Ant.rv.xii. [xiv-l^i And all
the haunt be ours ( = we alone shall be run after).
haunt vb. : trans, to frequent the company of,
arcompanv or follow persistently Err. iii. ii. 83,
M.\D. 11. ii. 85 do not h. me thus, 1114 11. iv. 4'.ts,
Troil. iv.i.lO how Diomed . . . Did h. yon in the field ;
ir.tr. to resort Labitually.reiuain continually Mac.
- HAZARD
I. vi. 9, 0th. I. i. 96 to h, about my doors, Coinpl.
ViO following tvhere he haunted.
hauthoy (old edd. Ho(e)-boy) : wooden double-reed
instrument of high pitch 2H4 in. ii. 355.
have (often reduced to ha', in old edd. ha, a ; in
me rather had R2 iii. iii. 192 there is confusion
between the two idioms, ' 1 had rather ' and
'me were better')
1 idiomatic uses with it -.—hare it, have the victory
Shr. V. ii. 182 thou shult hat ; in phrases like
let me have it = tell me it Wint. i. ii. 101, 11. i.
25, H8 II. i. 145, Ham. 11. ii. 572 [565] ; of. 0th. I.
iii. 379 We loill have more of this.
2 idiomatic uses of the impei-ative : — have after =1
will follow Ham. i. iv. 89 ; have at thee or you = l
shall come at you, I shall attack you 2H6 11.
iii. 93 /(. at thee with a downright blow, Rom. rv.
V. 126 ti. at yon with my wit ; — h. at it = I will
begin or attempt it Wiiit. iv. iii. [iv.] 300, Cym,
V. V. 316 ; /(. at you = I will address you LLL.
IV. iii. 290 ; h. through = I will go through 2H6
IV. viii. 64; /(. to it = l will set about it Shr. I. i.
142 ; so IV. V. 78 H. to my wulow ; v. ii. 37 ha' to
thee = here's to your health ; h. with thee, you =
I'll go along with you Wiv. n. i. 160, 0th. i. iL 53.
3 elliptical uses : — Wiv. 11. i. 37 I have [scil. some-
thing] to show to the contrary. Cor. n. iii. 181
I have no further [scil. business] tvilh you, Tim.
IV. iii. 288 What wmildst thou, have to Athens!
(= What commission do you wish to give me
for A. ?) Ham. iii. ii. 101 / hac6 nothing [scil.
to do] ivith this answer.
4 to be versed in, know Gent. iv. 1. 33 H. you the
tongues ?, Mer.V. l. ii. 73, Tw.N. 1. iii. 133, Wint.
IV. iii. [iv.] 622 till he had both tune and words,
H8 v. V. 15.
5 to grasp the meaning of (a person), understand
Ham. II. i. 68 You have me, hate you not?.
6 with will : to maintain or assert to be 1H6 in.
i. 30 If I were covetous . . . As he will have me.
have-at-himt [see have 2 for the phr. have at] :
attack, stroke H8 11. ii. 85 I'll venture one h.
(Fi ni venture one ; haue at him, Ff 2 3 1 one heave
at him).
haver : possessor Cor. n. ii. 90 dignifies the haver.
having': possession, property, wealth, estate
Wiv. III. ii. 76 The ge>Meman ts of no h., AYL.
in. ii. 401, Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 743, H8 11. iii. 23
Om/- content Is our best h., Cym. i. ii .20 ; also pi.
H8 in. ii. 160 ; in 0th. iv. iii. 94 our h.* = our
allowance of expense (J.) ; fig. endowments,
'gifts', accomplishments Troil. ui. iii. 97,
Compl. 235.
haviour : behaviour, bearing, manner Wiv. i. iii.
84, Tw.N. in. iv. 229, R2 i. iii. 77, Ham. i. ii. 81
the dejected h. of the visage, 11. ii. 12 (Ff humour),
Cym. in. iv. 9.
havoc : cry h., orig. to give an army the order
'havoc !' as the signal for pillaging John 11. i.357.
Cor. III. i. 273, Caes. in. i. 273 Cry ' //. .' ' and let slip
the dogs of war. Ham. v. ii. 378 This quarry cries
on h. ( = calls for merciless slaughter).
hawk sb. : in Ham. 11. ii. 406 [397] commonly taken
to be the bird (ef. handsaw), but perhaps a
variant of ' hack ', which was applied to various
tools (if the mattock, hoe, and pickaxe type.
hawk vb. : fly at, as a hawk M.ac. 11. iv. 13.
hawking : 'iLawk-like, keen ' (Schmidt) All's W.
I. i. 106 his hiiuking eye.
hay' : country (huue having a winding or serpen-
tine nioveiiunt I.LL. v. i. 166.
hay- (S.): home-thrust Rom. n. iv. 28.
hazard sb. : (2 the prevailing sense ; 4 cf. ' Peloiiso
. . . the lower hazard in a tennis-court ' Cotgr.)
HAZARD
103
-HEARTED
1 game at dice at which the chances are compli-
cated by a number of arbitraiy rules H5 iii. vii.
98 ; hence fig. come or r/o to It., to run extreme
risks Mer.V. ir. ix. 18, HS m. vii. 98.
2 venture, chance, (hence) risk, peril, jeopardy ; —
phr. on (the) hazard, at stake Troil. Pro!. 22 Sets
all on /(., C*s. V. i. 08 ; put in h., risked Cor. il.
iii. 2t)4.
.3 thing risked or staked Mer.V. i. i. 152.
4 each of the winning openings in a tennis-court
H5 I. ii. 263 We will in France. . .play a ait
,'<h(tll strike his father's crown into the hazard.
hazard vb. : Ant. m. x. [xii.] 19 h-cd to thy tjracc,
depending for its fate on thy favour.
he : he. .. /ie = one . . . another Mer. V\ iv. i. 54 'Why
he cannot abide a yapinrj pig ; Why he, a harmless
necessary cat; Why he, a woollen baijpipe, Troil.
IV. i. 66 he as he ( = the one as well as tlie other),
Sonn.xxix. 0 f'eatnr'dlikeh)m,li!;chim irith friends
possessed ; cf. MND. iii. ii. 25-6, Cor. i. vi. 36 Ran-
sominfi him . . ., IhreaVning the other, Mac. iv.
iii. 80 his jewels and this other's hmise,
head sb. (the chief idiomatic, technical, and special
uses are the foil.)
1 put for ' ears ' LLL. iv. iii. 336 When the sus-
picious h. of theft IS stopp'd, Troil. iv. v. 5, Per.
If. iii. 97 Loud music is too harsh for ladies' heads ;
for ' mouth ' Cym. v. V. 158 Those [viands] which
I heav'd to head ; = the mod. 'face ' in the phr. to
(one's) head Meas. IV. iii. 151, Ado. v. i. 62, MND.
I. i. 106.
2 .antlers of a deer, roebuck, &c. 1H6 iv. ii. 51
Turn on the bloody hounds with h-s of steel \ quibble
in Troil. iv. v. 31, 45, 46 ; of the first h., said of
a deer, &c., at the age when the antlers are first
developed LLL. iv. ii. 10.
3 source of a river ; fig. source, origin All'sW. i.
iii. 180 Your salt tears' h., R2 i. i. 97, Ham. l. i.
106 The source of this our watch and the chief head
Of this post-haste.
4 headland, promontory Ant. iii. vii. 51.
5 category Tim. iii. v. 28* set quarrclliny Upon the
head of ralour.
6 hostile advance, resistance Ham. iv. V. 101*
Laertes, in a riotous head.
7 body of people gathered or raised, armed force
John v. ii. 113 this yallant h. of war, 1H4 i. iii.
285 by raising of ahead, iv. iv. 25, Cym. in. v. 25 ;
phr. make (a) h., raise a body of troops 1H4 iii. i.
65, 3H6 ir. i. 141 Making another h. Cits. iv. i. 42,
Cym. IV. ii. 139 make some strow/er head.
^ The S. phr. head and front (Otli. i. iii. 80) prob-
ably = summit, height, has been used with other
meanings by mod. writers.
head vb. : to behead Meas. ii. i. 256.
head borough : parish officer having the same
functions as a petty constable Shr. Ind. i. 12
(third-boroiighf).
headly: reading of Fi in H5 iii. iii. 32 headly
murder (other Ff and mod. edd. heady). ^ In
early English the word was applied to the
' capital ' or ' deadly ' sins.
headpiece : helmet H5 iii. vii. 154 ; covering for
the head Lr. iii. ii. 26 He that has a house to put
his head tn has a good h. ; head, brain Wiut. i.
ii. 227.
heady : headlong, precipitate, impetuous Err. v. i.
216 heady, rash, 1H4 ii. iii. 60, Lr. ii. iv. Ill my
more headier will ; of a stream H5 r. i. 34 With
such a heady currance, scouring faults.
health: welfare, well-being, prosperity Mer.V.
v. i. 114, 2H4 IV. iv. 81 H. to my sorereign, Tim.
II. ii. 207 to the state's best h., Caes. iv. iii. 36, Ham.
I. iii. 21, I. iv. 40 Be thou a spirit of h. or goblin
damn'd. ^ This sense survives in the phr.
' drink a health ', recorded first from S., Shr. iii.
ii.l73 He calls for witie : ' A health I ' quoth he.
healthful: healthy All's W. ii. iii. 54, H8 i. i. 3,
Ham. III. iv. 141 ; fig. Oaes. ii. i. 319 Had you a
healthful ear to hear it.
heap sb. (3 a late ex. of this sense ; cf. Coverdale,
Ezekiel xxxviii. 22 ' vpon him and all his heape ')
1 phr. on heaps, on a heap, in a fallen or prostrate
mass, prostrate, in ruins H5 v. ii. 39 all hir
husbandry doth lie on h-s, Tit. ii. iii. 223 Lord
Bassiamis lies . . . All on a h., Tim. iv. iii. 101
laid proud Athens on a heap.
2 mass AYL. i ii. 74 the great h. of your knowledije,
2HG V. i. 157 Hence, h. of wrath, Tim. v. i. 157
such h-s and sityns of love and wealth. Per. I. i. 33
all thy whole heap must die.
3 great company or body R3 il. i. 53 Among this
prinrily h. ; phr. on h-s, upon a h., in a body H5
IV. v. 18, Troil. iii. ii. 27, Cses. I. iii. 23.
heap vb. : Wint. iv. i. [iL] 22 the h-ing friendships,
increase of friendly relations.
hear (some special uses) : Mac. in. iv. 32 We'll h.
oursclres again (=we will talk with one another
again) ; Ctes. i. ii. 203 he h-s no «nt,?/c ( = does not
listen to, pays no attention to) ; Per. i. iv. 54
hear these tears ( = hear of, be informed of), cf.
Cym. II. iv. 17 h. The legions . . . sooner landed.
hearing :
1 in the sense of ' faculty or sense by which sounds
are heard' is used in contexts wheie ' ear(s)'
would now be usual, e. g. Tp. i. ii. 205 terrible To
enter human h., LLL. ii. i. 75 younger h-s are
quite ravished. Ant. V. ii. 95 I'ou lie, up to the h.
of the gods, Ven. 428 iiwuld . . . I had no htm-ing.
2 report, news Shr. v. ii. 183 'Tis a iinnd h. ii lun
children are toward, Cym. III. i. 4 tin im mnl h.
hearken (2 peculiar to Eliz. and Caroline times)
1 to inciuire or seek after LLL. i.i. 217 to h. after the
jHesh *, Ado v. i. 221 H. after their offence, K3 i. i. .54.
2 to be on the watch Shr. rv. iv. 53 ; to wait for
Shr. I. ii. 263, 1H4 v. iv. 52 h-'d for your death.
hearse: cofldn 2H4 iv. v. 112, IH'6 i. i. 104, R3 i.
ii. 2, C£es. in. ii. 170. TJThe only meaning in S.
hearsed : coffined, buried Mer.V. iii. i. 96, Ham. i.
iv. 47 hcarsal tn death ; fig. Lucr. 657.
heart ( in 1H4 iii. i. 251 Heart !, taken by some in
sense 3, is the abbreviation of ' God's heart ! ',
'sheart !')
1 disposition, temperament Meas. v. i. 385 Xot
changing h. with habit. Ado ii. i. 327 a merry h.
2 feeling Mer.V. i. ii. 139 with so good h. (^so
heartily).
3 freq. as a term of endearment, appreciation or
commendation, and compassion Tp. i. i. 6 Heigh,
my h-s 1 cheerly, cheerly, my h-s!, LLL. v. i. 113
sweet h., H5 n. i. 123 poor heart, Cym. i. i. 112
take it, /«.; cf. MND. iv. ii. 27 where are these h-s ?
( = good fellows).
4 vital or essential part, core, centre, essence
Wiv. II. ii. 238 the heart of my purpose, Tw.N. i.
V. 204 the h. of my message. Cor. i. vi. 55 Then-
very heeirt of hope. H S. is the earliest authority
for in h. (Shr. iv. v. 11), fight one's h. out (Troil.
III. ii. 53), /(. of h. (Troil. iv. v. 170, Ham. iii. ii.
78), wear my h. upon my sleeve (Oth. i. i. 64), elo
aiiij man's heart good (MND. I. ii. 74).
heart-hlood : essence Troil. iii. i. 35 h. of beauty.
heart-burned : suffering from heartburn Ado ii.
i. 4, 1H4III. iii. 59.
heart-dear : 2H4 ii. iii. 12 (so Ff ; Q heeirts deere
Harry).
hearted: fixed in the heart Oth. i. iii. 373 / hate
the Moor : my cause is h. ; iii. iii. 449 hearted throne.
HEARTLESS
10+
- HEIGHTEir
heartless: spiritless, disheartened Kom. i. i. 72,
Liur. 471, 1392. ■] Usually taken =' unfeeling '
111 Soiin. Music iii. 35 [Pilgr. 279] h. f/rottnd, liut
this meaning is otherwise not recordel before
the l^lthoent.; perhaps -'sterile' (an Eliz. sense).
heartlings : see Od.
heart-offending' : wounding tlie lieart 2HG in. ii.
I'll li. (if"nt^ \ cf. hemi-sore siijhs Gent. i. i. 30.
heart's-ease : peace of mind H5 iv. i. 25(5; name
ula ]iM],ular Eliz. tune Kmii. iv. v. 104.
heart-sore Gent. i. i. .30, heart-struck ( = diB-
trrssing the heart) Lr. lii. i. 17, and heart-
whole ill the sense of ' liaving tlie affections
free ' AYL. iv. i. 51 are not pre-S.
heart-stringfs : in old anatomy, the tendons or
nerves supposed to brace and sustain tlie heart
Gent. IV. ii. G3, Lucr. 1141 ; in sing. /;om Iieart-
shinr/, (jocularly) = from my lieart 115 iv. i. 47.
hearty : as a complimentaryepithetAnt.lv. ii. 38.
heat sb. : Tw.\. i. v. 139 one dratii/ld above It.
(? = beyond the point at which the body becomes
warmVith moderato drinking).
heat vb.: (?) to run swiftly over Wint. i. ii. 96.
heat pple.theated John iv. i.Cl The iron... h. red-hot;
? ill Tw.N. I. i. 26* iiU seven years h. (? = lieated
fur seven years by the sun's rays).
heath : see long heath.
heave sb.: deep sigh Ham. iv. i. 1 ; thrust 118 ii. ii.
S5 one lteave<d him {Fi'^n ; cf. havk-at-him).
heave vb.: pa.t. and pa. pple always heaved; the
luianing 'utter' (a groan, word)"is not pre-S.,
AVL. 11. i. SQ h-'dfor/h .such yroans, Lr. IV. iii. 27
lunv'elthe name of 'fa/hcr' I'anttnyly/orHi.
heaven (metrically treate 1 as ono'or as two syll.;
not pre-Eliz. in exclamations of surprise, etc.;
often put for ' God ' in old edd. in deference to the
Act to re.strain Abuses of Players, of 1C05-0;
sometimes in sing, with pi. concord E2 i. ii. 6,
Mae. 11. i. 4 ; also in pi. with sing, concord John
111. i. 108, Mac. IV. iii. 2-30).
1 fiftor of h., the sky Mer.V. v. i. 58.
2 used ifig. with lef. to the ancient astronomical
division of the realms of space around the earth
into ' spheres ' or spherical shells lying one out-
side another H5 i. Clior. 2 0 ! for a Mnse of fire,
th(U Honld ascend The hrujIUcst h. of invintion.
heaven-hiied : blue Compl. 215 h. sapphire.
heavenly : divinely Otli. v. ii. 133 heavenly true.
heavily : sadly, sorrowfully Ado v. iii. 18. RJ i.
iv. 1 Wh 1/ looks your Grace so h. to-day .?, Ham. ii.
ii. 316 [309], Mac. iv. iii. 182 the tidinys, Which
I have heavily home.
heaviness : drowsiness Tp. i. ii. 307, 1H4 iii. i.
21s. ^ The commonest S. .sense is 'sadness'.
heaving' sb.: deep groan or sigh "Wint. ii. iii. 35.
h2avingppl.adj.:risingTroil.ii.ii.l96oH>-/(.A7j/(-f»,v.
heavy (the literal sense of 'weighty', and the tig.
senses of ' oppressive, grievous, sore ', ' sad,
sorrowful '.'distressing, saddening', and 'sleepy,
drowsy ' are freq.)
1 weighty, important, serious All'sW. ir. v. 50
matter of h. consequence, 1H4 ii. iii. 68 h. biisiiiess,
H5 II. ii. 53, Lr. v. i. 21 3Iost just and h. causes.
2 dull, stupid 0th. ii. i.ll'i 0 heavy igtiorance .' thou
prnisest the worst best,
3 slow, sluggish MND. v. i. 377 The h. r/ait of nujht,
John III. iii. 43 [thy blood] h. thick {heavy'-thickf),
iv. i. 47 h. time, Ant. ill. vii. 38; cf. heavy-
gaited K2 in. ii. 15.
4 (of a deed or its agent) grievous, heinous,
wickid Meas. ii. iii. 28, "Wint. in. ii. 209, John iv.
lii. M, Hain. iv. i. 12 0 heavy eleid .'.
heavy-headed: drowsy or stupid with drinking,
clniukeii 11am. i. iv. 17 heavy-headed revel.
hehenon (Ff,', hebona (Qq) : (?) yew, which was
notorious for its poisonous properties Ham. i. v.
62 juice of cursed h. ^] So ' iouyce of Hebon ',
Marlowe ' Jew of Malta ' in.
Hebrew: reading of Fi in Gent. n. v. 58, Mer.V.
I. iii. 58, 179 ; cf. Ebrew.
Hecate (usu. 2 syll.; 3 syll. in IH6111. ii. 64, as also
once in Milton, (iomiis 535); goddess of Greek
mythology supposed to preside over witchcraft
and magical rites MND.v.ii.l4 [i. 391] (Fj Hecates),
Mac. HI. V. 1 (Fi Hecat), Lr. 1. i. 112 (Fi (jq Heccat;
used abusively -hag, witcli 1H6 ni. ii. 04 that
railinej Hecate (viz. Joan of Arc).
hectic: hectic or wasting fever Ham. iv. iii. 69.
Hector: transf. in allusion to the Trojan hero
-= valiant warrior "Wiv. i. iii. 11, 11. iii. 35.
hedge (l 16-17tli cent, use ; 2 not pre-S.)
1 liedgc out, shut out, debar Troll, in. i. 66.
2 to go aside from the straight path Troll, in. iii.
158 (Q turne); (hence) to shufile, dodge Wiv. 11.
ii. 27 to shuffle, to heebje and to hnrli.
hedge-born': of low or mean birth 1H6 iv. i. 43 ;
cf. born under a hedge 2H6 iv. li. 58.
hedge-hog : applied to a person who is regardless
of others' feelings R3 i. ii. 103.
hedge-pig : hedgehog Mac. iv. i. 2. *[] Survives in
East Anglian and southern dial.
hedge-priest : illiterate priest of low status LLI..
v. ii. 543.
heed: that which one heeds or pavs attention to
,S.) LLL. I. i. 82 that eye shall be li'is heed.
heel sb.: in phr. referring to (1) flight or speed Err.
I. ii. 94 I'll take my h-s, Mer.V. n. ii. 32 my h-s
(ue at yrnir commandment, AYL. in. ii. 295 i'ou
have a nimble nit : Itlnnk twasmade of Atalanta's
h-s, 1H4 n. iv. 52 slioiu it a fair pair of h-s, Mac.
1. ii. 30 to trust their h-s ; (2) punishment in the
stocks Airs"\V. IV. iii. 119 his h-s have deserved it,
2H4 I. ii. 142 To punish you by tlie h-s ;— out at
h-s, ill unfortunate or decayed circumstances, in
trouble or distress AViv. i. iii. 32, Lr. 11. ii. 164.
heel vb. : to perform (a dance) Troil. iv. iv. 86 1 can-
not . . . h.thchiijh lavolt. ^ Only S. in this sense ; cf.
Ado in. iv. 46 Ye Itylit 0' love tcith your h-s .', v. i v.
122, 115 in. V. 34 our f/race is only in our heels.
heft: straining, retching (S.) Wint. n. i. 44.
heigh: cry of encouragement Tp. i. i. 6, Wint. iv.
ii. [iii.] 2, 0 iVfhey), 10, 1H4 n. iv. 542 [534].
heigh-ho, hey-ho (both forms occur in old edd.):
used (1) to summon a person MND. iv. i. 208
Hciijli-ho! Peter Quince!, 1H4 11. i. \ Hciyh-ho!
. . . ^Yhat, ostler .' ; (2) to express joy AVL. 11. vii,
182 hciyh-ho: the holly .' ; (3) to express sadness or
dejection Ado n. i. 334 cry h. for a liushand, in.
iv. 53, AYL. IV. iii. 170, troil. in. i. 139, Lr. ni.
li. 75/1. the wind and the ram {Qc^hey-ho, Fi heir/li-
ho, mod. edd. hey, ho).
height (old edd. also spelt hciyhth, liujlit)
1 high rank, degree, or position R2 i. i. 189, R3 i.
iii. 83 this careful h., Tit. iv. ii. 34 to be advanced
to this height, Sonn. xxxii. 8.
2 highest jioint, zenith, summit Err. v. i. 200,
John IV. iii. 46, 2H4 11. iii. 63 the tide swell'd up
unto hish. (Fi), R3 in. vii.'187/)iyf/( and h.;—at {the)
/(., at the or its highest point, at its height AYL.
V. ii. 51 at the h. of heart-heaviness, R3 i. iii. 41
(Qq highest). Tit. III. i. 71, Ca-.s. iv. iii. 216 \ye, at
the /(., are ready to decline ;—in h. of, at the height
ofR3 V. iii. 177 ; inh., at hisliighest Ant. in. viii.
30 [x. 21]; jn the h., in the extreme Ado iv. i.
306, Per. 11. iv. 6 ; to the h., to the utmo.st H8 i. ii.
214 traitortothe h., Troil. v. i. 3 ; onh. of our . . .,
on pain of our utmost . . . Tim. in. v. 89.
heighten : to e.xalt Cor. v. v, [vi. ) 22.
BEX]!rOUSZ.Y -
105
-HEY
heinously : very badly, ' shockingly ' lH-1 in. iii.
212.
heir: in transf. use (1) a person to whom some-
thing (e. g. fate, sorrow, &c.) is bouml to fall due
Wiv. V. V. 45 lis of fixed destiuy, K2 ii. ii. 63 mij
sorrow'n dismal It., Ham. in. i. (53 Thai flesh is h.
to; (2) offspring, product 2H-i iv. iv. 122 L'n-
father'd h-s . . . of nature. Yen. Ded. 5 the first
heir of my intention.
heir apparent: used in the strict sense of 'heir
whose right is indefeasible' 1H4 i. ii. 65, &c.,
and also = 'heir presumptive ' 2H6 i. i. 153 (of
the Duke of Gloucester, the King's uncle).
hell : place of confinement for debtors Err. iv. ii.
40 One that, be/ore the judgement, curries poor
souls to hell.
hell-hatei : hatetl as hell Lr. v. iii. 149 h. lie.
hell-hound: applied to a fiendish ] erson R3 iv.
iv. 48, Tit. V. ii. 144, Mac. v. vii. 32 [viii. 3].
hell-kite: person of hellish cruelty Mac. iv. iii.
217. [155.
helm vb. (not pre-S.) : to steer, fig. Meas. in. ii.
help sb. (1 only S. ; 2 a common S. sense)
1 at help, in our favour Ham. iv. iii. 47.
2 relief, cure, remedy Err. v. i. 160, 2H6 iv. vii.
95, Troil. iv. i. 47 There is no help. Cor. in. i.
220, IV. vi. 121, Yen. 93, Sonn. cliii. 11 /, sick
uithal, the help of bath desired.
help vb. (pa. t. and pa. pplc. helped, but more often
holp) : to relieve, cure, remedy Tp. ir. ii. 102
/ will h. his aijtie, Gent. iv. ii. 48 To h. him of his
blindness, Rom. i. ii. 49 Turn giddy, and be holp by
backivarel turning, Lr. iv. iv. 10, Lucr. 1822 Bo
non)ids help uounds /.
helpless: affording no help, unavailing, unpro-
fitable Err. II. i. 39 urging h. patience, R3 i. ii. 13
the Ii. balm of my poor eyes, Ven. 004, Lucr. 1027,
1056 Poor h. help. ^ In Lucr. 756* either this
sense or 'that cannot be helped, irremediable',
as in Spenser's 'helpless hap ', lielpltss liarnis '.
hem : to clear away with a heiu or cough AYL. i.
iii. 19.
hemp : the material of the Iiangnian's halter H5
III. vi. 45 ; so hempen in jocular phr. 2H6 iv.
vii. 94 I'e shall lane a h. caudle then. ^ Of such
phrases there were many, e. g. ' be not caute
in an hempen snare' (Skelton), 'dauncing in a
hempen circle ' (Nashe).
hempseed : gallows-bird 2H4 ir. i. 66*. (Cf. prec.)
hen : chicken-hearted fellow All'sAV. ii. iii. 223.
hence (1 always with here, as in earlier English)
1 in the next world John iv. ii. 89, Ham. iir. ii. 234.
2 henceforward LLL. v. ii. SUBenceeier, 2H4 v. v.
57, 0th. 111. iii. 380/>O)u hence I'll love no friend.
henceforth : for h., for the future Ado v. i. 308.
hence-g'oing : departure Cym. m. ii. 64 ; cf. "SYint.
I. ii. 450.
henchman : page of honour MND. ii. i. 121.
henloft: hen-house Wiv. ui. iv. 41 (Qq 12 ; Ff Q3
jini). TjUsed by Xashe.
Henry : 3 syll. in R3 n. iii. 16 and elsewhere.
hent sb. : in Ham. in. iii. 88* Up, sword, anel know
thou a more horrid hent it is doubtful whether we
have the sense of 'clutch, grasp' or of 'intention,
design ', or whether hent is for hint in its S.
sense.
hent vb. : to take, seize Wint. rv. ii. [iii.] 134*
merrily h. the stile-a ; in pa. pple=reached, occu-
pied Meas. iV. vi. 14 The generous and gravest
citizens Hare hent the gates.
her ; old possessive pron. of the 3rd person pi. =
their; app. surviving in 1H6 i. i. 8'i her flowing
tides, Troil. i. iii. 118 right and wrong . . . Should
lose her names ; mod. cdd. th^ir.
herald sb. (in old edd. also herauld, -null, har(r)ohl)
1 officer having the duty of (i) making proclama-
tions 2H6 IV. ii. 190, (ii) bearing messages be-
tween 1 rinces and hostile forces John. 11. i. 325,
115 III. V. 36, Troil. i. iii. 218, (iii) conveying
challenges H8 i. i. 34, Lr. v. i. 48, (iv) arranging
public processions, funerals, &c. 1H6 i. i. 45,
Cor. v. V. [vi.] 145 the most noble corse that ever
h. Did follow to his nrn, (v) regulating the use of
annorial bearings Shr. 11. i. 223 A h., Kate? 0!
pat me in thy books, Lucr. £06 Some loathsome
dash the herald will conlriie.
2 messenger, envoy LLL. v. ii. 97 Their herald is a
pretty knavish page, R3 I. i. 72, Ham. in. iv. 58
(he herald Mercury.
3 fore-runner, precursor Ado 11. i. 319 Silence is
the perfectest h. of joy, Rom in. v. 6 the lark, the
h. of the morn, Cses. i. iii. 56, Ven. 531 The owl,
■niilht's herald, Sonn. i. 10.
4 attrib. use of 1 (ii) Gent in. i. 144 My h. thoughts in
thy pure bosom rist them ; ^yhlle I, their king . . .
herald vb. : to usher (ix) Mac. i. iii. 102, Per. in.
i. 34.
heraldry : (2 is only S.)
1 art or science of a herald, blazoning of armorial
bearings MND. ui. ii. 213 like coats in h.; fig.
0th. III. iv. 48.
2 heraldic practice or regulation Ham. i. i. 87 a
seaid compact. Well ratified by law and heraldry
('a kind of hendiadys, meaning heraldic law',
Clark and ^Yrigl^t).
3 heraldic title or rauk AU'sW. 11. iii. 279 the
heraldry of your birth.
4 heraldic device, armorial bearings (fig.) Ham. 11.
ii. 487 [478] Hath now this dread and black com-
plexion smear'd With h. more dismal, Lucr. 64
This heraldry in Lucrece' face.
herb-grace, herh-of-grace : tlie plant rue, Euta
graveolens AH'sW. iv. v. l8{Fihearbe of grace),
R2 in. iv.V)b(V iHerbe of b'racf), Ham. iv. v. 181
(Ff Herb{e)-Grace, Qi htarb a greice, Qq herbe of
Grace).
herblet (not pre-S.) : little herb Cym. iv. ii. 287.
here: as sb. = the present life Lr. i. i. l64 ; as adj.
here-approach, arrival Mac. iv. iii. 133, hcre-rt-
main, stay 148.
hereafter: as adj. - future 1H6 11. ii. 10 h. ages,
R3 IV. iv. 391 Hereafter time.
hereby : close by LLL. iv. i. 9 ; in LLL. i. ii. 143
Theit's hereby is app. intended for a country ex-
pression, but the meaning is uncertain.
hereto: hitherto Cor. 11. ii. 05.
hermit : begqing h., (?) mendicant friar Tit. in.
ii. 41 ; beadsman (S.) Mac. 1. vi. 20 We rest your
hermits.
Herod : represented in the old mystery plays as a
blustering tyrant Wiv. 11. i. 20 What a H. of
.Jewry is this!. Ham iii. ii. 16 (see out-Herod),
Ant. 111. iii. 3 H. of Jewry elare not look upon you,
But uhen you are well pleas'd.
Hesperides : nymphs who were, fabled to guard,
with the aid of a dragon, the garden in which
golden apples grew in the Islands of the Blest ;
used allusively and as sing. Per. i. i. 27 this
fait H., Wdli golden fruit, but dangerous to he
touch'd; transf. applied to the garden LLL. iv.
iii. 341 (ref. to the Uth Labour of Hercules).
Hesperus : the evening star All's W. 11. i. 167.
hest: bidding, command Tp. in. i. 37, 1H4 11. iii.
67* iQ 1 ; others hast{e).
hew : Tim. v. iv. 46 hew to "/, cut thy way to it.
hewgh : imitation of a whistling sound Lr. iv. vi.
94 (Qq /i«ff/0.
hey : call to dous Tp. iv. i. 258 ; cry expressing
BEYDA'Sr -
106
HO
excitement, surprise, exultation, Qq haijli AYL.
V. iii. ly, 22, INv.N. rv'. ii. 79, Lr. in. ii. 75;
with nony, nomno Ado ii. iii. 73, AYL. v. iii. 19,
Ham. IV. V. 164. ^ See also ueigh.
heyday: state of excitement Ham. iii. iv. 69 The
It. in the blood is tame. ^ As interj. put in mod.
edd. fov high-day (TTp. ii. ii. 199 [190]), hoyday, q.v.
h3y-ho : see heigh-ho.
Hitobocrates : i. e. Hippocrates, Greek physician
(4th cent. B.C.) Wiv. iii. i. 66.
hide: (pa. pple. usually hid, but hidden occurs in
predicative use 9 times ; 3 cp. all hid)
1 to sheath (a sword) AYL. ii. vii. 119, K3 I. ii. 176.
2 to shield, protect John ii, i. 260, IH-t ii. iv. 295,
CiBS. II. i. 85 To hide thee from prevention, Cym.
IV. ii. 388 I'll hide my master from the flies.
3 hide fox, and all after, old signal cry in the game
of hide-and-seek HauL iv. ii. 32.
hideous : detestable, odious Lr. i. i. 153 check
This h. rashness; shocking Tw. N. in. iv. 216 a
most liideous opinion of his raijc.
hie : intr. and retl. to liasten (freq.).
Hienis : winter personified LLL. v. ii. 899, MND.
II. i. 109.
hig-h aij.: All's W. ii. i. 12* higher Italy, (?) the
Italian nobility ; Tim. iv. iii. 246 at high wish, at
the height of one's desires ; Cses. ii. i. 110 the high
east, the exact cast.
hig'h adv. (in All'sW. iv. iii. 50 higher app. = fur-
ther inland)
1 loudly Ant. i. v. 49 neigh'd so high.
2 Jiiglily Tw.N. i. i. 15 high fantastical, Lucr. 19 liiijh-
proud \ deeply, intensely, very AH'sW. V. iii.
36 3ly high-repented blames, Tit. iv. iv. 63 high-
resolied men.
hig'h and low : short for ' high and low men ',
two kin Is of false dice made so as to turn up
hitrh and low numbers respectively AViv. i. iii.
93'; perh. also Wint. v. I. 207.
high-battled : liaving a lofty command Ant. in.
xi. [xiii.J 29 ; hig'h-blown (S.) : inflated H8 in.
ii. 362 mil h. pride ; hig'h-born or -borne (S.):
of liigh Dirth or exalted lofty LLL. i. i. 171*;
hig'h cross (not pre-S.) : cro.ss set on a pedestal
in a market-place or the centre of a town Shr. l.
i. 136 ; high-day adj.: holiday Mer.V. ir. ix.
98 /(. leit ; high-engender'd : produced in the
sky Lr. in. ii. 23 ; high-gravel-blind : jocular
intensive of sand-blnid Mer.V. ii. ii. 38; high-
grown: overgrown with tall \egetation (S.)
Lr. IV. iv. 7; hig'h -judging' (S.): ? tliat is
siqireme judge Lr. ii. iv. 231; high-lone (not
pre-S.) : quite alone, without support Kom. i. iii.
36 (Qi high lone, Q) hylone, others a lone, alone);
high- minded: arrogant 1H6 i. v. 12; high-
pitch'd : of lofty cliaracter (not pre-S.) Lucr.
41 h. thoughts ; high-proof (S.) : in the highest
degree Ado v. i. 124 ire are h. melancholy ;
high-sighted (S.) : .su|iercilious, arrogant Ca'S.
II. i. lis h.ti/rann I) : high-stomach'd : haimlitv
R2 I. i. 18 ^. . . .'and fall of tn ; higll-Witted":
cunning Tit. iv. iv. 35 h. Tamora.
hight: is named LLL. \. i. 169, MND. v. i. 141.
hild : form of the pa jiplc. of hold used for rhyme's
sake Lucr. 1257. ^ Found also in Golding("l587).
hilding: good-for-notliing fellow AU'sW. iii. vi.
4 ; attrib. 2H4 i. 1. 57 some hxlding fellow; jade,
ba'.'gagc IJom. in. v. 169.
hilt : pi. -sing, (formerly freq.) H5 ll. 1. 69 I'll run
him iip to the hilts, Ca'S. v. iii. 43.
hind ': icmalc of the rcil deer MND. ii. i. 232.
bind " [2 orcurs more frequently than 1)
1 .servant Wiv. iii. v. 101, AYL. i. i. 20.
2 rustic, boor LLL. i. ii. 125, 1H4 ii. iii, IS.
hinge sb.: fig. pivot 0th. in. iii. 366.
hinge vb. (not pre-S.): to bend Tim. iv. ill. 212 h,
thy knee,
hint : occasion, opportunity Tp. I. ii. 134, ii. i. 3
Our h. of woe Is common, Cor. in. iii. 23 ready for
this h., bth. I. iii. 142, Ant. in. iv. 9 When (he
best h. teas given htm, he not iook't, in. ix. [xi.] 18,
Cym. V. v. 173 took his hint. ^ The mod. sense
of 'suggestion' is only in 0th. i. iii. 166'' Upon
ill is hint I spake.
hip ' : on or upon the hip, at a disadvantage Mer.V.
I. iii. 47, IV. i. 335, 0th. ii. i. 317.
hip-: fruit of the wild rose Tim. iv. iii. 425.
hipped: lamed in the hip Shr. in. ii. 50 his horse
h., icith an old mothy saddle. ^ 'The Jiorse is
said to be liipt, when the iiip-bone is remooucd
out of liis right place ' (Topsell, 1607).
Hiren : name of a female character in Peele's play
of 'The Turkish Mahamet and Hyrin the fair
Greek ', used allusively by S. and early 17tli cent,
writers = seductive women, harlot2H4 ii. iv. 172,
188 (? with quibble on ' iron ').
his (3 its is S., but much less freq.)
1 =.that one's 2H6 n. i. 131 his (F{ it, mod. edd.
thatf) cunning . . . that could . . ., Mac. iv. iii. 80
Desire litsjcircls and this otiitr's liouse.
2 often = the genitive inflexion 's Tp. ii. i. 244 [236]
llie king, his son's alive Ham. ii. ii. 520 [512] JUars
liis armour (Qq i-i Marscs Armor, Ff Jlars Ins
Armours); occas. joined redundantly with 's
John I. i. 139 Sir Robert's his.
3 =its (very freq.) Tp. i. ii. 295 / will rend an oak
And peg thee in Ins knotty entrails.
hist (not pre-S.): ' notasileiitii ' (Minsheu, Ductor
in Linguas, 1617) Iloni. ii. ii. 158.
history sb. (in Per. v. i. 119 almost = life-story)
1 narrative, tale, story Tw.N. ii. iv. Ill, 3H6 v.
vi. 28 that tragic h., K3 in. v. 27 The h. of nil her
secret thoughts. Ham. in. ii. 314, 0th. i. iii. 139
m my travel's history, Cym. in. v. 99.
2 story represented dramatically, drama (fig.) AYL.
n. vii. 164 Last scene of all. That ends this strange
eventful h.; historical play or drama Shr. lud. ii.
144, ■H5 i. Chor. 32 Chnrxis to this h.. Ham. n. ii.
425 [416] tragedy, comedy, history, Otli. ii. i. 266.
history vb.: to record, recount 2H4 iv. i. 203.
hit : old form of it, app. surviving in All'sW. v. iii.
197 (FO, Mac. i. v. 48(Ffi2).
hit vb. (3, 4, 5 are not jire-S. as also the idiomatic
hit ithhL. IV. i. 128, and hit or miss Troil. i. iii.
384)
1 hit o/^hit upon Err. in. ii. 30.
2 to imitate exactly Wint. v. i. 127 Your father's
image tsso hit in you.
3 to succeed Mer.V. in. ii. 268 Hath all his ventures
fuit'd? \\hat,notonehit1; to be fulfilled All'sW.
II. i. 146 Oft expectation . . . hits \>liere hope is
coldest.
4 intr. to i;ill in suitably or exactly Tim. in. i. G
this hits right; trans, to suit or fit in with H8 l.
ii. 84 Hitting a grosser quality.
5 to agree Lr. l. i. 308 let's hit together (Qq lets hit ;
Ff. iittssit; mod. edd. let us hitf).
hitherto: up to this point, thus far Ham. in. ii.
218, 0th. I. iii. 185 ; to this place 1H4 in. i. 75.
hive sb. (the ordinary sense occurs 5 times)
1 hived swarm 2H6 in. ii. 125 on angry h. of bees.
2 headgear of plaited straw Conipl. 8.
hive vb.: to lodge together (not pre-S.) Mer.V. II.
V. iS drones hive iioi iinlh me.
ho : in old edd. also hoa and hoiu ; see also iiElon-
lio, Olio, soiio, WHAT no, WHOA HO ; repeated,
it expresses derisive laughter, e.g. MJSU. lu.
ii. 421.
HOAB
107
- tlOLDXNG
hoar adj. (2 is only S.j
1 greyish-white Ham. rv. vii. 168 a iviUo'o . . . Thai
shows his hoar leaves.
2 hoar leprosy, wlute leprosy, elephantiasis Tim.
IV. iii. 35.
3 mouldy Rom. ii. iv. 142, &c. (quibbling).
hoar vb.: to become mouldy Rom. ii. iv. 147 When
it hoars ere xt be spent ; to smite witli ' hoar
leprosy ' (S.) Tim. iv. iii. 15(5.
hoardockf: see hardock.
hoary (once): = hoar 1, Ham. iv. vii. 1G8 (Qq23
horru, Q4 hoary, Qqse hoarie).
Hoh ; by-form of 'Rob '= Robert, used as a generic
name for a rustic Cor. 11. iii. 123 Hob and Dick.
Hobbididance : name of a fiend taken, like Flib-
behtioibbet, from Harsnet, who spells it ' Hober-
didance ' Lr. iv; i. 60 (Qi -dence).
hobby-horse (2 not pre-S.)
1 in the morris-dance, a figure of a liorse made of
light material and fastened round the waist of a
performer, who went through various antics ;
only in quotation from a ballad (perhaps satiriz-
ing Puritan opposition to 'May-games ') LLL. 11 1.
i. 32 The hobby-horse is forgot, Ham. iii. ii. 144-5.
2 frivolous fellow, buffoon Ado lii. ii. 75 ; light
woman LLL. iii. i. 33, Wint. i. ii. 276 (Ff Holy-
Horsc), 0th. IV. i. 158.
Hobgoblin : name for Puck or Robin Goodfellow
Wiv. v. v. 47, MND. 11. i. 40.
hob, nob: variant of 'liab, nab' = have, have not,
Tw.N. in. iv. 265.
hodge-pvidding- (S.): pudding made of a medley
of ingredients Wiv. v. v. 163.
hoeboy : spelling of hautboy.
hoise (hoist is also used by S.)
1 to lioist (sail) R3 iv. iv. 528.
2 to raise, lift Tp. i. ii. 148 there they hoist us (Fi
hoyst), Ham. iii. iv. 207 the enyrncr Hoist with his
men pctar ( -= blown into the air by his own bomb).
3 to remove 2H6 1. i. 170 yVe'll . ..h. Duke Humphrey
from his seat.
Holborn : formerly the place of residence of the
bishops of Ely, K3in. iv. 31.
hold sb. (the sense of 'grasp', lit. and fig., is the
most freq. ; AoW -place in a ship for cargo 2H4
II. iv. 69 IS of different origin)
1 in hold{s), in custody, in prison Mcas. iv. iii. 04,
Shr. I. ii. 121, R3 iv. v. 3.
2 animal's lurking-place Cym. iii. iii. 20.
hold vb. (pa. t. and pa.pple. usually held ; pa. pplc.
once holdtn 2H6 11. iv. 71, once uild, q.v.)
A. Transitive meanings : —
1 to endure, bear Cor. iii. ii. 80 the ripest nnilherry
That will not h. the handiintj, Tim. I. ii. 161, Ham.
V. i. 181 many pocky corses . . . that will scarce h.
the laying in.
2 in various uses where 'have' or 'keep 'is now
the idiomatic verb Tp. 11. i. 66 our garments . . .
/(.,.. their freshness, MND. I. i. 232 Things base
and vile, li-ing no (juiintity, AU'sW. v. ii. 3 when
I haveheldfaiiidiarily with fresher clothes, John i. i.
223 That h-s in chase mine honour up and down,
1H4 II. iv. 437 how he h-s Ins countenance, H8 i.
iii. 8 wlien they hold 'em (viz. fits of the face),
Ham. I. V. 96 while memory h-s a scut In /his
distracted globe, Lr. 11. iv. 245 Hold amity ; refl. =
keep or be (so-and-so) Gent. iv. i. 32, /. . . held me
glad. Err. iii. ii. 69, R3 i. iii. 157, Mac. in. ii. 54
hold thee still, Sonn. Ixxxv. 1.
3 to keep (one's word) Wiv. v. v. 271 ^258].
4 to restrain, keep back, keep waiting, detain
(freq.) Gent. i. iii. 2 sad talk was that Wliereii'ilh
my brother held you. Ado. i. i. 214 [206], Tw.N.
III. iv. 313, John in. iv. 18 H-ing the eternal spirit
. . . In the vile prison, Caes. i. ii. 83 h. me here so
long, II. i. 201 h. him from the Capitol; I\3 iv. i.
81 hath held mine eyes from rest, Mac. in. vi. 25
From whom this tyrant h-s the due of birth \ phr.
hold one's hand Lr. in. vii. 72, hold one's tongue
Sonn. cii. 13.
5 to entertain (a feeling, thought) Gent. in. ii. 17
the good conceit I h. of thee, John. in. iv. 90 Vou
h. loo heinous a respect of grief. Ham. I. ii. 18 Hold-
ing a weak siipposal of our worth.
6 to esteem at a certain value, regard in a par-
ticular way Ado in. ii. 101 he h-s you well, All'sW.
IV. iii. 345 men very nobly held, Tw.N. n. iv. 86,
in. iv. 255, .SH6 11. li. 109 1 h. thee reverently, Rom.
III. iv. 25, Ham. iv. iii. 61 if my love thou h-'st at
aught.
7 to offer as a wager Mci-. V. in. iv. 62, Shr. in. ii.
86 / hold you a penny.
B. Intransitive meanings: —
8 imper. = Here ! take it ! Gent. iv. iv. 134, Wiv.
I. iii. 86 //., sirrah, bear you these letters, I. iv.
162, R3 III. ii. 105 hold, sjiend thou that (Qq ; Ff
there, drink that for mc), Ca?s. I. iii. 117 Hold, my
hand, Mac. n. i. 4 ; also/ioW thee, hold you Shr. iv.
iv. 17, H5 V. i. 61, Cws. v. iii. 85.
9 to remain fast or unbroken, not to break or give
way Shr. n. i. 147, Wint. iv. ii. [iii.] 36 If the
springe h., the cock's mine, John v. vii. 56, Ham. r.
V. 93 Hold, hold, my heart!, Cym. I. vi. 69 Can
my sides hold?.
10 ="hold one's hand (freq.) Mac. v. vii. 63. [viii. 34] ;
hence, to refrain AYL. v. i. 14, H8 Epil. 14.
11 to maintain one's position, 'hold out' Ant. iir.
xi. [xiii.] 170 Our force by land Hath nobly hild.
12 to continue ; also, to continue in one state of
mind, be steadfast Wiv. v. i. 2 I'll h., Meas. in.
i. 174, Wint. iv. iii. [iv.]36 I'our resolution can-
not h., Tim. n. i. 4, Cais. i. ii. 296 if . . . your mind
h.. Ham. v. ii. 206; phr. h. friends Ado r. i. 93.
13 to be valid or (rue, 'hold good' Wiv. i. iii. 92,
LLL. IV. ii. 42 The allusion holds in the exchange,
All'sW. IV. V. 99, H8 n. i. 149 ; also with an
adj. 1H4 n. i. 59 It h-s current, Tim. v. i. 4 hold
for true, Lr. iv. vii. 85 H-s it true, sir, that . . .?.
14 to take place E2 v. ii. 52* hold those justs and
trniniphs?.
C. Phrases : — hold hands with, bo on an
equality with, match (S.) John n. i. 494; hold
in, (1) intr. keep counsel 1U4 11. i. 85 ; (2) trans,
keep silent about Lr. v. iii. 204 ; hold off, keep
away or at a distance, maintain a reserve Troil.
I. ii. 311, IV. ii. 17, Ham. n. ii. 309 [302],; hold
out, (1) keep out, exclude lH4ii. i. 93 will she
h. out water in foul way ?, Rom. 11. ii. 67 stony
limits cannot h. lore out, Tim. i. ii. 113 ; (2) keep
up, persist in 3H6 ii. vi. 24 /;. out flight ; (3) en-
dure to the end John iv. iii. 156 can Hold out
this tempest, 2H4 iv. iv. 117 /(. out these pangs ;
(4) remain unsubdued, continue or persist in a
course Meas, v. i. 367, LLL. v. ii. 396, Mer.'V. iv. i.
448 h. out enemy for evir, Tw.N. iv. i. 5 Well
held out, John v. i. 30 nothing there holds out But
Dover Castle ; with j< Wiv. iv. ii. 145 ; hold up,
keep going, carry on Wiv. v. v. Ill, MND. in. ii.
239, Ado 11. iii. 1.36 [126].
^ The jihr. /;., or cut bow-strings MND. I. ii. 115*
has not yet been satisfactorily explained.
holdfast: adj. grasping firmly Lucr. 555 in his
h.foot the weak mouse pantcih ; — sb. as a name for
a dog that holds tenaciously H5 11. iii. 55 hold-
fast is the only dog.
holding' (I is S. only ; 2 is an Eliz. use)
1 consistency All'sW iv. ii. 27 this has no holding.
2 burc'en of a song Ant. 11. vii. 118.
HOLDING-AHCHOB -
108
HOirOURABZ.!:
liolding'-anchor : the largest of a sliip's anchors,
shtet-anclior 3H6 v. iv. 4.
hole (1 Eliz. and still in some dial.) [in. vi. 01.
1 \)hr.Jind a h. in his coat, find some fault in him H5
2 spit in the h., (?) spit in the hollow of the hand in
jucparation for vigorous action Shr. in. i. 41.
holiday :
1 spoik /(., use choice language Wiv. in. ii. 72.
2 as adj. (of things) festive, gay, sportive Wiv. li.
i. 2 the h.-tnne of my btauttj, AYL. i. iii. 14 h.
foolery, IV. i. 71 intih. Inunonv; choice, dainty 1H4
I. iii. 46 h. and hidy terms; (of persons) idle,
trifling Tp. ii. ii. 30 a hotidny fool.
holla interj. :=stop! cease ! AYL. in. ii. 259 Cry
' holla ! ' to thy tongue, 0th. I. ii. 50 Holla .' sland
there.', Yen 284; used to excite attention LLL.
V. ii. 898 Holla! approach, Shr. iv. i. 12 Holla,
ho! Curtis, Ham. i. i. 18 Holla! Bernardo ! ; used
to express surprise Tit. ii. i. 25 Holla, ivhat storm
is this? (QqFi Hollo), Lr. v. iii. 72 Holla, holla!.
holla vb. (see also hollow vb.)
1 to cry out loud, shout (trans, and intr.) Mer.V.
V. i. 43 Leave hollaingf (old edd. hollowing), Tw.N.
I. V. 2Vi Holla t your name (Fi Hallow, F2 Hollaie,
Ffsi Hollow), K2 IV. i. 54 as many lies As may he
holla'd t (old edd. hollowed), 1H4 l. iii. 222 in
his ear I'll holla ' Mortimer' (Qqio hollow).
2 to call to the hounds in hunting 'MND. iv. i. 131
A cry more ttincable Was never holla'd to (Fi
hallowed).
3 to call to or after Lr. in. i. 55 Holla the other (Q4
hollow).
hollo interj. : Tit. 11. i. 25 (sec holla).
hollow vb. : = HOLLA vb. (which see for other in-
.stances) Cor. 1. viii. 7 Hollow me like a hare
(//o//((t), Yen. i^l'-ishe hears some huntsnuin hollow
(lji| 123 hallow, tlie rest hollow).
hollow adv.: insincerely, falsely Tw.N. iii. iv.
103; so hollowly Tp. in. i. 70, Meas. 11. iii.
23, hoUowness insincerity Lr. i. ii. 12(3. ^f The
corresponding meaning of the adj. is common.
hollow-pamper'd (Ff ; no hyphen in Q) : 2H4 n.
iv. 177 h. jiides ef Asia, app. a misquotation of
'Holla, ye' pampcr'd jades of Asia!', Marlowe,
Tamburlaine iv. iv. 1.
holy : devoted as a priest to Moas. v. i. 384.
holy-alef! reading of mod. edd. in Per. 1. Cower C
(old odd. Hohjdayes, Holy dayes, iS;c.) for the sake
of the rhyme (festivals), intended as a synonym
of 'church-ale ' = festive gathering in connexion
with a church ; but there is no evidence for the
existence of the word.
holy-horse : reading of old edd. in AYint. i. ii. 27G:
usu. taken as a misprint for hohy-horse, but per-
haps genuine ; cf. the ironical phr. ' He maketh
as though he were as holy as a horse' (Palsgr.).
holy-rood day: feast of the Exaltation of the
11. .ly Cinss, 14th Sept., 1H4 I. i. 62.
holy-thistle: -CARDUusBEXEDicTusAdoiii.iv. 79.
holy-water: fig. balm Cym. v. v. 270; court h.,
izracious but empty promises, fair words Lr. in.
ii. 10.
homager : humble servant Ant. i. i. 31.
home sb. :
1 latest /(., the grave Tit. 1. i.S3 near eit h.; Meas.
IV. iii. 103 Petition us at h., beg for me to
come home Ant. 1. ii. 190 ; from h., abroad John
IV. iii. 151 ; from (one's) h., not at (one's) home
Krr. II. i. 101, Lr. 11. i. 12G ; not at home, not pre-
pared to receive visitors Tw.N. i. v. 110.
2 jdace where one would be, place of rest 1114 iv.
1. 57, 3H6 HI. ii. 173 many lives stand between mc
and h., Sonn. Ixi. 0, cix. 5 mij home of love.
home adj.: domestic Gent. 11. iv. 120, K2 i. i. 205.
home adv.:
1 to its right or proper place, back to the person
or place from which a thing issued MND. in. ii.
172 now to Helen my heeirt is home return'd, AH'sW.
V. iii. 225 ^end for your ring; I nill return it
home, H8 in. ii. 159 come home ( = accrue to yon),
Sonn. Ixxxvii. 12 Comes home again (=returns to
thee).
2 to the point aimed at, so as to reach, touch, or
penetrate effectually (freq. with verbs of striking
or thrusting); hence in various fig. connexions
fully, satisfactorily, thoroughly, plainly :— with
speak, &c., Meas. iv. iii. 152 Accuse him home aiid
home. Cor. 11. ii. 108, in. iii. 1, iv. ii. 48, Ham.
in. iii. 29 tax him home. Ant. i. ii. 114 Speak to me
home ; with pay, &c., Tp. v. i. 71, Wint. v. iii. 4,
1H4 I. iii. 289, Lr. in. iii. 13 will be revenged home;
with know, confirm, .lalisfy, trust All's \V. v. iii.
4, Mac. I. iii. 120, Cym.' ni. v. 92, iv. ii. 328 ;
Wint. I. ii. 2i8 play'd home, played to a finish.
homely (not pre-S. in this sense) : not beautiful,
plain, uncomely Gent. 11. iv. 99 Upon a homely
object Love can wink, Err. 11. i. 89, AYint. iv. iii.
[iv.l4:i9.
homespun : iiistic, clown MND. in. i. 82.
honest (the ordinary mod. sense is freq., as also
are 1 and 3)
1 holding an honourable position, respectable Tp.
III. iii. 34 H. lord, Wiv. 11. ii. 121 Master Page is
an h. man, H8 iv. ii. 161 h. lord; hence (like
'worthy') a vague epithet of appreciation MND.
III. i. 191 Your name, k. gentleman?. Cor. i. i. 65
mij good friends, mine honest ntighhours.
2 decent, seemly, befitting Wiv. i. i. 188, Moas. in.
ii. 170, IV. iii. 189 your company is fairer than h.,
1H4 in. iii. 194 thou shall find me tractable to any
h. reason.
3 chaste AYiv. iv. ii. 110 "Wives may he merry, and
yet h. too, &c., 0th. in. iii. 385 ; transf. Ado in.
i. 84 I'll devise some h. slanelers ('some slanders
which do not afl'ect her virtue ', Wright).
4 genuine Wiv. iv. ii. 129*^ Behold what h. clothes
you send forth to bleaching !.
honesty (the senses correspond to those of the prec.
adj.): honour, honourableness Gent. u. v. 1 by
mine h.!. Err. v. i. 30, A lo 11. i. 398. Ca;s. iv. iii.
07; decency, decorum Tw.N. 11. ill. 96 no nit,
manners, nor h., H8 v. ii. 27, Otli. iv. i. 288;
womanly honour, chastity Wiv. i. iii. 53, &c.,
Ham. III. i. 108; uprightness, integrity Cies. n.
i. 127 ivhat other oath Than h. to h. cngag'd ; — in h.
= in truth Cym. in.vi.09 ; occas. generosity Tim.
III. i. 31.
honey : to talk fondly or sweetly Ham. m. iv. 93.
honey-hag': enlargement of the alimentary canal
in wliich the bee carries its honey MND. in. i.
175, &c.
honey-dew: sweet sticky substance found on the
leaves and stems of plants, supposed to be ex-
creted liy plant-lice Tit. iir. i. 113.
honey-seed: the host's blunder for 'homicide' 2H4
II. i. 60.
honey-Stalks: stalks of clover-flowers Tit. iv. iv.
90. % ' Honeysuckle' was anciently a name for
red clover, and is still in Warwickshire and
other midland districts.
honeysuckle: the host's blunder for 'homicidal '
2H4 II. i. 58.
honour (obs. use) : to do lionour or homage to,
pay worthy respect to 1II6 1. vi. 5, v. iii. 50, 3H0
I. i. 198 To h. me as thy Icing. Per. 11. iii. 61, Yen.
Dcd. 4. tiU I have h-cd you with some graver labour,
Sonn. cxxv. 2.
hononrahle (obs. use): respectable, decent, bo-
HONOUR'S -
109
HOUSE
coming LLL. v. ii. 328 chides (lie dice In h. terms,
Slir. liid. i. 110 bear himself with h. action. ^[ The
meaning 'upright, lionest' is notpre-S. All's W.
V. iii. 241, Rom. u. ii. 143, C;bs. in. ii. 88-9 ; also
the advh. use = ' honourably ' 3H6 in. ii. 123 (so
Fi; Qq Ffosi honourably), Caes. v. i. 60.
honoar'd : lionourable Lr. v. i. 9 h. tore, Ant. iv.
viii. 11 kiss The honour'd f/ashes iihole.
honoiir-flaw'd : of'damaged virtue Wint. ir. i. 142.
honour-owing' (see owe): possessing honour,
liunourablu 115 iv. vi. 9 hono^tr-owiwj wounds.
hood sb. : Mer.V. ii. vi. 51 by my li..' an asseveration
as old as Chaucer, but of uncertain reference.
I hood vb.: to blindlold (a hawk) when it is not pur-
suing game ; always fig. H5 in. vii. 12(5 7(4- a h-id
ralour; and whenit appears, it will bate, Rom. iii.
ii. 14 fsee bate vb.').
hoodman: blindfolded player in blind-man's-buff
AU'sW.iv. iii.l37(alhisivcly);hoodnian-blind,
blind-man's-buff Ham. in. "iv. 77.
hoodwink : to blindfold All's W. iii. vi. 25 TVe will
bind and h. lam, Koia. I. iv. 4, Cym. v. ii. 16 ;
fig. to cover up Tp. iv. i. 206 the prize I'll briny
thee Shall hoodwink tins mischance.
hoof: j' oro' Ih', hoof, on foot Wiv. i. iii. 89 (Ffzsi
olh', FiQsirt').
hoop sb.:
1 tumbler's h., hoop decorated with ribbons of
different colours twisted round it LLL. in. i. 198
[190].
2 one of the bands placed at equal intervals on a
quart pot 2HG iv. ii. 75 the three-hooped pot shall
hate ten hoops.
0 applied to a finger ring Mer.V. v. i. 147.
hoop vb.': to encircle \Vint. iv. iii. [iv.] 452 (Ff
hoiK).
hoop vb.- (mod. edd. mostly whoop)
1 to shout with astonishment A YL. in. ii. 204 niK/
yet again wonderful .' and after that, out of nil
h-ing, H5 n. ii. 108 admiration did not h. at them.
2 to drive out with derisive cries Cor. iv. v. 84 to be
lluop'd out of Home.
hoot: to shout LLL. iv. ii. CI the people fall a h-iny,
I a-s. I. ii. 245 (Fi howled, Hannier shouted f).
hop : 2H0 I. iii. 140 h. without thy head, be beheaded.
Hopdance: = HoBBiDiiiANCE Lr. in. vi. 33.
hopesb.:
1 out ofh., (i) witliout hope Tp. ni. iii. 11, Slir. v.
i. 14'7 ; (ii) not merely hoping MND.lii. ii. 279; (iiii
past hope Yen. 567 Thinr/sout of h.; (iv) in hopes
H8Prol.8, Cor. iv. v. 85.
2 person or thing that is the centre of one's liopes
1H6 IV. iv. 20 lou, his false h-s, 2H6 ii. iii. 24, H8
V. iv.bdthe h. o' the Slratid, hwcr. W'iQthtir brave h.
3 thing hoped for Mer.V. i. i. 17, Tit. li. i. 74, Sonn.
cxiiii. 11 if thou catch thy hope.
4 expectation 1H4 i. ii. 233 falsify men's hs, Otli.
I. iii. 203 the worst, which late on hopes depended.
hope vb. (obs. use): to expect, anticipate, suppose
115 III. vii. 82, Ant. ii. i. 38.
hopeless: Cor. in. i. 16 To h. restitution, ' in such
a way that restitution should be hopeless',
AYrigiit.
horn (in Lr. in. vi. 79 thy h. is dry tliere is a ref.
to the practice of beggars canning a horn, by
,^ Mowing which they announced tlieir approach
^ and in which they received litjuor given tothem)
1 attributed to cuckolds, who were fancifully said
to wear horns on the brow \Yiv. ii. i. 123, &c.,
Ado I. i. 274 [206], &c., LLL. iv. i. 115, 4;c., John
I. i. 219, Ant. I. ii. 6.
2 pi. deer LLL. iv. i. 114 /o kill horn".
3 h. o/ii')i(i!rf(ii!rf. cornucopia fsymluil of fruitful-
ncss and plenty) 2H4 i. ii. 51 iquibblingly).
horn-beast: horned animal, deer AYL. ih. iii. 53.
horn-book (not pre-S.): leaf of paper containing
the alphabet (ohen with the addition of the ten
digits, some elements of spelling, and the Lord's
Prayer) protected by a thin plate of translucent
horn and mounted on a tablet of wood with a
projecting piece for a handle LLL. v. i. 50.
horn-mad : orig. of horned beasts, enraged so as
to be ready to horn anyone ; hence, of persons,
stark mad, furious Wiv. i. iv. 51, sometimes, by
word-play, mad with rage at being made a cuck-
old ^Yiv. in. v. 158, Err. ii. i. 57 [cf. lines 58, 59],
Ado I. i. 280 [272].
horolog"e (once): clock 0th. ii. iii. 136.
horrid, horridly : nearly synonymous with
' horrible', ' horribly ' Tw.N. in. iv. 223 meditate
. . . iipon some horrid message for a challenge.
Ham. T. iv. 55 So horridly to shake our disposition,
horse (the old pi. without ,« is freq. used)
1 proverbial plir. (of obscure meaning) Shr. I. ii. 82
as many diseases as two-and-fifty h-s, (cf. Lr. in. vi.
21); Tw.N. II. iii. 184 a h. of that colour, some-
thing of that kind ; R3 i. i. 159 I run before my
h. to market, I count my gains prematurely.
2 applied contemptuously to a man (cf. cut sb. 3)
1H4 II. iv. 219 spit in my face, call me h., Troil.
in. iii. 126 o very h.. That has he knows not what ;
cf. 1114 III. iii. 10 a peppercorn, a brewer's horse.
horse vb. (2 is peculiar to S.)
1 to set (one thing up on another) '\Yint. i. ii. 288.
2 to bestride Cor. ii. i. 230 ridges liors'd With vari-
able completions.
horse-drench : draught of medicine for a horse
Cor. 11. i. 132.
horse-hair: used for fiddle-bows Cym. n. iii. 33.
horse-leech: inedicinal leech H5 ii". iii. 68.
horseway : road for horse traffic Lr. iv. i. 56 Both
stile and gate, h. and footpath. \i Cf. the modern
AVarwickshire use of ' horse-road ' for the part
of the roadway allotted to horse and wheeled
traffic (opposed to ' footpath ').
hose: two meanings were current in S.'s time, —
(1) long stockings, e.g. Gent. ii. i. 85 ; (2) article
of clothing for the legs and loins, close-fitting
breeches or drawers, e. g. 1H4 ii. iv. 243 ; esp. in
DOUBLET (Oirf h.;— French h., large, wide breeches
H5 in. vii. 00, Mac. ii. iii. 16.
hostsb.: lie at /i. = host vb. Err. v. i. 413. TJ A
different word from /(04< -= landlord of an inn.
host vb.: to lodge, put up Err. I. ii. 9 Go bear it to
the Ci nittur, where tee h., AU'sW. iir. v. 94.
hostage:
1 security or pledge given to enemies, &c., for the
fulfilment of an undertaking Tit. iv.iv.lOt, Cym.
IV. ii. 185 ; a person thus given and held in pledee
Cor. I. X. 29.
2 (in a gen. sense) pledge, security Troil. iii. ii.
114 Vou know now your h-s; your uncle's ivord,
anil my firm faith.
hot: eager, ardent Gent. ii. v. 53 a hot ?om»", Wint.
rv'. iii. [iv.]702o/io^6j-((m, R3 i. iii. 311, Caes. iv.ii.
19 A hot friend cooling ; angry, in a passion Err. i.
ii. 47 She is so hot because the meat is cold.
hot-house : brothel, stew Meas. ii. i. 67.
hour (treated metrically as one or as two syll.): =
moment Mer.V. iv. i. 19 To the last hour of act.
hourly: marking the hours Lucr. 327 hourly dial.
house sb.: keep (the)h., stay indoors, remain at home
Meas. III. ii. 77, Cym. in. iii. 1 A goodly day not
to k(ip h.; so Tim. lii. iii. 42 Who cannot keep his
wealth must keep his h. ( = stav at home and look
after it) ; cf. AYL. iv. iii. 83 the h. doth keep itself,
Cym. ni vi. 36 Poor h., that keep'st thyself! (i.e.
that ir, empty).
HOUSE -
110
HUMPHREY HOUB
liouse vb.: to drive or pursue into a house Err. v.
i. 18-i.
household: as ailj. domestic, homely Shr. ii. i.
27-' |_'S(.)] ,( Kiitc Coii/onnable us other li. Kates.
household stuff: goods and chattels belonging
to a hciuseliold Shr. iii. ii. 234.
housekeeper :
1 one who keeps at home Cor. I. iii. 56*.
'2 i\oii kept to guard the lionse Mae. iii. i. 07.
housekeeping': liospitality LLL. ir. i. 10+, Shr.
n. i. 35U [358], 2H0 i. i. 192.
housewife, housewifery: rare spelling in old
e<ld. of HCSWIFE, lirsWIFERV.
hovel: red. to take shelter Lr. iv. vii. 30.
hovering: hesitating, wavering Wint. i. ii. 302.
how (iihs. or archaic uses are)
1 jiln'. Jloir's tlic diuj ?, What liour of the day is it ?
Tp. V. i. 3 ; How say you ?, What is your opinion ?
What do you mean ? Tp. ir. i. 262 [254], Ham. ii.
ii. 190; Bowse?, How is that? Why? Wiv. iii.
V. 71, Troil. III. iii. 247. [iv. vi. 22.
2 at wliat price 2H4 iii. ii. 42, Troil. iv. ii. 23, Per.
3 urig. ellipt. for 'How is that?' or 'How say
voii ? ', hence = ' Wliat ! ' Meas. ii. i. 72, Ca.'S. ii.
).312.
howbeit adv.: nevertheless H5 i. ii. 91, Cor. i. ix.
70 ;— conj. althougli 0th. ii. i. 300.
however, howe'er (obs. or archaic uses ; H8 iv.
i. 106 shews the passing of sense 2 into the
modern use = ' for all that ', ' yet ')
1 notwithstanding tliat, although AH"sW. v. iii.
88 Hoive'cr it plaiscs you to take it so, Tlie riny was
never hers, Coes. I. ii. 303 So is he now . , . Hoiv-
cier heputs on this tardy form. [i. iii. 101.
2 in any case, at all events Gent. i. i. 34, All'sW.
howlet : owl Mac. iv. i. 17 (mod. edd. owlei\).
howsoever, howsoe'er :
1 r HOWEVER 1, Meas. ii. i. 237, Ado n. iii. 216 [205],
Cor. V. ii. 32 Howsoever yon hare been Ins liar . . .
you cannot pass.
2 '= HOWEVER 2, MND. v. i. 27, Mer. V. in. v. 05 (Q ,
huirsocre, Q-i how so mere, Ffi2 lioic soin ere), 1H6
IV. i. 187, Troil. in. iii. oOO.
howsomever, howsonie'er:
1 in whatever manner, to whatever degree Ham.
I. V. 84 howsomever thou pursii'st this act {.¥(
howsoever).
2 - HOWEVER 2, Mer.V. in. v. 05 (sec howsoever),
All'sW. I. iii. 68 {¥i howsomere).
howt : see hoot.
hox : to hough, hamstring Wint. i. ii. 244.
hoy : small coasting vessel Err. iv. iii. 39.
hoyday : exclamation of surprise, &c. 1\3 iv. iv.
460, Troil. v. i. 73 (Q hey-day), Tim. i. ii. 139.
huddle (not pre-Eliz. ; neitlier 1 nor 2 is pre-S.)
1 to pile or heap up Ado ii. i. 254 huddliny jest njion
jest with such impossible conveyance upon me.
2 to crowd, throng Mer.V. iv. i. 28 his losses, That
liiive of late so huddUd on his back.
hue: app. archaic in prose use about 1600, being
included in contemporary dictionaries in the lists
of ' Hard Words ' ; not used by S. in prose.
hugger-mugger: in h., secretly Ham. iv. v. 84.
h'alk : large ship of burden or transport 2H4 ii. iv.
69 a h. btUer stuffed in the hold, 1H6 v. v. 6,
Troil. II. iii. 280 (see biti.k' .'?) ; (hence,) big, un-
wiehly person 2H4 I. i. 19 the hulk Sir John.
hull: to lloat or drift l)y the force of the wind or
current acting on the hull alone, drift with sail
furled (also fig.) Tw.N. i. v. 217, H3 iv. iv. 4.;0,
lis II. iv. 197.
hum: utterance of the interjection 'hum !' Wint.
II. i. 70 The shrug, the Itnm or hn, 73 these hums
and has. Cor, v. iv. 23 his hum is a battery.
human, humane: the spelling of old edd. is
always humane for both of the meanings (1) be-
longing or pertaining to a man or mankind, and
(2) befitting a man, kindly, courteous (an obs.
meaning found in 0th. ii. i. 245), kind, benevo-
lent ; mod. edd. mostly follow mod. usage in
allotting human to sense 1 and liumane to sense
2, but comra. are not all agreed as to the mean-
ing in particular instances ; the stressing is al-
ways/iu'/Han(c, exceptperhapsinAVint. in. ii.l66
Kot do'tng it, a'nd being do'ne: he, mo'st hnmii'ne.
humanity : nearly always = human nature ; in
1H6 II. iii. 53 app. = mankind.
humble : the meaning ' submissive, not self-asser-
tive ' occas. passes almost into 'gentle, kind',
e. g. LLL. V. ii. 629, H5 1. Chor. 33 ; so humble-
ness Mer.V. iv. 1. 373, humbly Tit. in. i. 41,
humble-bee: bumble-bee LLL. iii. i. 95, MXD.
III. i. 175.
humorous (not pre-Eliz. in any sense ; 1, 2, and
3 are not pre-S.; 2 and 3 are rare ; the meaning
'full of drolleiy, facetious' ispost-S.)
1 moist, damp Rom. ii. i. 31 tlie humorous night.
2 capricious, whimsical, fanciful AYL. i. ii. 283,
iv. i. 21", John III. i. 119 her h. ladyship (sc.
Fortune), 1H4 iii. i. 234, 2H4 :v. iv. 34, H5 ii. iv.
28 t'am, giddy, shallow, h. youth, Tvoil. il. iii. 139,
Cor. II. i. 52, Ham. ii. ii. 344 [335].
3 moody LLL. in. i. 185 [177J a humorous sigh.
humour sb. (the excessive use of this word in
fashion in S.'s time is often ridiculed by liim,
notably in Nym's jargon in Wiv. and H5)
1 moisture Cres. ir. i. 262 suck up the htimours Of
the dank morning.
2 in early physiology, fluid of an animal or vege-
table body, either natural or morbid ; esp. any
of the four chief fluids of the liuman body (blood,
phlegm, choler, melancholy), by the relative
proportions of which a person's physical and
mental qualities were held to be determined
Ado in. ii. 27 the toothache — Where is hut a h. or
u worm ?, LLL. l. i. 233 the black-oppressing h.
(melancholy was called ' bl.ack choler '), John v.\
i. 12 This inutulation of mistemper'el h., 1H4 ii. iv.
501 that trunk of h-s,'lroi\. I. ii. 23, Rom. iv. i.
96 through all thy veins . . . A cold and drowsy h.,
0th. III. iv. 32.
3 mental disposition, temperament LLL. v. i. 10
his h. is lofty, 2H4 ii. iv. 256 wliat h. is the prince
of?, R3 IV. iv. 270, Cobs. iv. iii. 119 ; pi. LLL. ii.
i. 53, 2H6 I. i. 248.
4 temporary state of mind, mood, temper Wiv. ii.
iii. 79 see what h. he is in, 1H4 in. i. 171 When you
do cross his h. (Qq cotne crossc), R3 i. ii. 229 Was
ever woman in this h. woo'd?, iv. i. M fetd my //.,
0th. III. iv. 124 Were he in farouras in h. alier'd,
Lucr. Arg. 8 In that pleasant humour.
5 fancy, whim, caprice Mer.V. in. v. 69 let it be
as h-s and conceits shall govern, John iv. ii. 209,
Tit. V. ii. 140 yield to his humour.
6 inclination or disposition (/or sometliing), fancy
(to do something) Ado v. iv. 102 Jlout me out of
my h., MN'D. I. ii. 31 my chief h. is for a tyrant, H5
n. i. 58 / have an humour to knock you.
humour vb. (not pre-S.; used nonsensically in
Wiv. I. iii. 61, n. i. 132 ; cf. note on prec. sb.)
1 to comply with the humour of, indulge ; also, to
influence (a person) by observing liis humoui-sor
inclinations Err. iv. iv. 83, A('o ii. i. 399, LLL.
IV. ii. 62, 2H4 v. i. 79, Ca-s. i. ii. 320.
2 toadajit oneself to LLL, in. i. 14.
humoi\r'd: R2 in, ii. 168 /i. //i!(.s', ? (Death) con-
tinuing in this same humour : sec the conim.
Humphrey hour: phr. not satisfactorily ex-
HUNCH-BACK'D -
111
-ZCB
plained in K3 iv. iv. 176 ; supposed to liiivc the
same souico as the plir. 'dine witli Duke
Huniplircy ' ( = go dinnerlcss).
hunch-back'd (not pre-S.) : latei- Qq of R3 iv. iv.
81 lor bunch-back'd.
bnndred : often used vaguely for a great number
Gent. IV. iv. 152, IHO i. i. 123, Ham. I. ii. 237;
TIte Hundred Mirry Tales, a popular jest-book
published in 1526, Ado ii. i. 137 ; li.psidm.s, (?) tlie
psalter as a wliole Wiv. ii. i. 63 (mod. odd.
llundrdllh Psiilmi).
hundred-pound: app. contemptuous epithet for
a pretender to the title of gentleman (perhaps
relerriiig to a minimum property-qualification)
Lr. II. ii. 17.
huudredtht : Wiv. ii. i. 63 ilic Hundredth Pmlinf
(old eild. the hundred Ps((hiis).
Hxingarian: used, by association with 'hunger',
- needy, beggarly Wiv. i. iii. 21 0 base H. wight!
^ A cant terra of the Eliz. period.
liungerly: starved, famished (freq.)Shr. m. ii.l78.
hungry : unfertile Cor. v. iii. 58 the h. beach ;— 1H6
I. ii. 2S //((()• h. prey = i'>rey of their hunger.
hungry-starved: famished with hunger lH6i.
V. 16 ; cf. laiwjer-starved 3H6 i. iv. 5.
hunt (rare use) : game, quarry Cym. iii. vi. 89.
huntsman: two meanings were cuirent in R.'s
time,— (1) man who hunts, hunter, e. g. MND.iv.
i. Ill ; (2)manager of aliunt, e.g. Shr. Ind. i. 16.
hunts-up : orig. ' the liunt is up ', the name of an
(dd song sung to awaken liuntsmen in the
morning ; liencc, Early morning song Rom. in.
v. 31 limits-up to the day.
hurling': impetuous, violent Ham. i. v. 1.33 ivihl
(Old liiiylnuj irords ((jq iilnirliufi).
hiirly (not pre-S.): ccunmotion Slir. iv. i. 206.
hurly-bixrly : commotion, tumult Mac. i. i. 3
'When the h.'sdfjue; attrib. = tumultuous 1H4 v.
i. 78 hiirlif-burly innovation.
hurricano: waterspout Troil. v. ii. 169 the dread-
fid spout yfiiicli sttipiiien do tlie h. call, Lr. ill. ii.
2 You cataracts and h-es. •] In this sense other-
wise only in Drayton (? copying S.) ' downe tlie
sliower impetuously dotli tall, Like that which
men the Hurricano call ', Moon-Calfe, 1627.
hurry sh. (not pre-Eliz.): commotion, tumult Cor.
IV. vi. 4.
hurry vb. (not pre-S.) : is used trans, and intr. ; in
John v. i. 35* trans, or intr. according as up and
down is taken as adv. or as prep.; Per. iv. i. 20
Hrirrying tuefioin my friends (Qqi23 whirriny).
hurtle : (of weapons, battle) to clatter, crash AYE.
IV. iii. 133 in which hiirllinf) . . . I awalc'd, Cres.
II. ii. 22 The noise of battle liurtled in the air.
hurtless: harmless Lr. iv. vi. 171.
husband si), (cf. the senses of nfSBANDRV)
1 one who manages a household 2H4 v. iii. 11 (Ffs i
Itusbandman).
2 one who manages (well or ill, thriftily or other-
wise) Meas. III. ii. 76, Shr. v. i. 70 while I play the
(food Ii. at home, H8 in. ii. 143 an ill h. ( = a bad
economist).
husband vb. (3 not pre-S.)
1 to till, farm 2H4 iv. iii. 130 land . . . husbanded,
and tilled.
2 to manage with thrift and prudence, use econo-
mically or sparingly Wiv. iv. vi. 53 //. your
device, Shr. liid. i. 68 // // be h-ed loilh modesty
('if it is not overdone'). Ham. iv. v. 137 Fll h.
them so well. They shall ijo far, Sonn. xciv. 6 lius-
biind nature's riches from expense.
3 to be a husband to, marry All'sW. V. iii. 126,
Lr. V. iii. 71 if he should husband you.
husbandman: farmer 2H4 v. iii. 11 (Ffsi)-
husbandry :
1 management (of a household) Mer.V. in. iv. 25
I commit into your liands Tlie h. and manage of
my house ; — goodh., profitable, careful, or econo-
mical management H5 iv. i. 7, Cor. iv. vii. 22 ;
also h.= good h., economy, thrift Troil. i. ii. 7
like as there were liusbandry in tear. Per. in. ii. 20
(in both instances with ref. to early rising).
2 cultivation of the soil, tillage, farming Meas. i.
iv. 44 (fig.) tilth and h., AYL. ii. iii. 65, 2H4 in.
ii. 126, H5 V. ii. 39, 2H6 in. i. 33 they'll . . . choir the
herbs for want of husbandry. [516 [508].
hush adj. (not pre-S.) : hushed, silent Ham. n. ii.
husht: hush ! Shr. i. i. 68 (Ffi2 Q Husht Ffai Hush'd),
Per. I. iii. 10 (Qq Ff3 4). H A 16th-17th cent,
form, which survives in dial. ; mod. edd. sub-
stitute hushf, which occurs 9 times in S.
husks: fig. refuse 115 iv. ii. 18, Troil. iv. v. 165.
huswife, housewife (hous{e)- in Ff thrice, in Qq
once 0th. ii. i. 112)
1 woman who manages a household (freq.) ; applied
to Fortune, Nature AYL. i. ii. 35 the good h.
Fortune, Tim. iv. iii. 426 The bounteous h., Xatnre.
2 liglit woman, Imssy 2H4 in. ii. 344 the over-
scutched Iniswives, H5 v. i. 85, 0th. ii. i. 112, iv.
i. 95, Ant. IV. xiii. [xv.] 44 the false h. Fortune.
huswifery: (good) housekeeping H5 ii. iii. 66,
0th. II. i. 112 (Qq hous{e)it<ifeiiy).
Hydra : used attrib. = difficuit to kill like the
many-headed snake of Lerna(cf. 0th. n. iii. 310;,
whose heads grew as fast as they were cut off
2114 IV. ii. 38 this Hydra son of war ; so Hydra-
headed U5 I. i. 35.
Hyeins:= Hiems.
hyen (late instance of this form, otherwise only
14th cent.) : hyena AYL. iv. i. 163 [156].
Hymen: Greek and Roman god of marriage, re-
presented as a young man cari-ying a torch and
veil Tp. IV. i. 23 H.'s lamps, 97 H.'s torch, AYL. v.
iv. 136 Hymen's bands ( = bonds of matrimony).
Hymenseus : the god Hymen ; hence, marriage
Tit. I. i. 325.
hyperbole: rhetorical figure of speech consisting
in exaggerated or extravagant statement LLL.
V. ii. 408 Th)ee-pil'd hyperboles.
hyperbolical: exaggerated, extravagant Tw.N.
iw ii. 29 h.Jiend!, Cor. i. ix. 51 acclamations h.
Hyperion: sun-god H5 iv. i. 295, Ham. i. ii. 140.
Hyrcania : ancient name of a country south of the
Caspian Sea 3H6 i. iv. 155 ; the adjs. are Hyrcan
Mac. III. iv. 101 the H. tiger, and Hyrcanian
Mer.V. II. vii. 41 H. deserts. Ham. ii. ii. 481 [472]
the Hyrcanian beast.
hyssop : aromatic herb, Hyssopus officinalis, form-
erly grown along with thyme 0th. i. iii. 326.
I' : used, as freq. in the late ;16th c. and in the 17th
c, for 'me' Mer.V. in. ii. 320 all debts are cleared
between you and I, AYL. I. ii. 19 my father hath
no child but I, Sonn. Ixxii. 7 And hang more
praise upon deceased I.
I- : spelling of ay adv. in old edd.
Icarus : in Greek mythology, son of Daedalus, who
fiew so high that the sun melted the wax with
which his artificial wings were fastened on, so
that he fell into tlie jEgean Sea, 1H6 iv. vi. 55,
3H6 V. vi. 21.
ice : symbolical of coldness or chastity A\'L. in.
iv. 17 the very ice of chastity, All'sW. n. iii. 99
boys of ice, R3 iv. ii.22 thou art all ice. Ham. in.
i. 142 as chaste ns ice.
Ice: reading of Ff in Lr. iv. vi. 247 (Q<| lU, mod.
ICE -BROOK —
112
IMAGE
edd. we, Isc) = 1 shall. Tf Tlie form ' -sc ', '-s"
(= shall) is mainly nortbcni.
ice-brook: a sword of Spam, the i. 's tempo; steel
tciupered in icy-cold water; according to some,
that of the river Salo (Xalon) near Bilbilis
(Baubula), in Spain Otli. v. ii. 252.
Iceland dog: shaggy sliarp-eared white dog for-
merly in favour as a lap-dog in England, H5
II. i. 44 (contemptuously, of a personj. TJ Also
called 'Iceland cur' or 'shock', and simply
' Iceland ' (Drayton, 1627).
icy-coldt : some mod. edd. in R3 m. i. 176 (old
ecM. icic, cold).
idea : (occurs thrice ; 3 not pre-S.)
1 image, likeness R:5 iii. vii. 13 your lineaments,
Bcnuj the rUjht idea of your father,
2 mental image or picture Ado. iv. i. 226 Tlie idea
of her life.
3 something merely imagined or fancied LLL. rv.
i\.f)9 forms, figures, shapes, objects, ideas, appre-
hensions.
Ides of March: fifteenth day of March according
to the reckoning of the ancient Roman calendar
Ca-s. I. ii. 18, &c.
idiot (old edd. also ideot): 'licensed' fool, professional
jester John m. iii. 45 (flg.) Making that i.,laar;htcr,
. . . straiti their cheeks to idle merriment, Troil. ii.
i. 58 Mars his i.. Tit. v. i. 79 An i. holds his bauble
for a (jod, Lucr. 1812 esteemed so As sdlij-jccrinrj
i-s are with kings. ^ Also in the sen.se ' block-
head, simpleton, fool '.
idle adj. :
1 ineffective, worthless, vain, trifling LLL. v. ii.
873 your i. scorns, MND. in. ii. 168 waste more i.
breath, Tw.'S. ill. iii. 46 (. markets (= for articles
of fancy or lu.xury), Tim. i. ii. 162 an i, banquet,
rv. iii. 27 I am no u voiarist, 0th. i. ii. 95 Mine's
■not an idle cause.
2 foolish, silly Meas. iv. i. 65 their i. dream, AM'sW.
II. V. 55 An i. lord, iv. iii. 242, John iv. ii. 153
). dreamer, Lr. I. ii. .53, i. iii. 17 I. old man.
3 crazy Ham. in. ii. 95 ; cf. idle-headld.
4 serving no useful purpose, useless, unprofitahle
Err. II. ii. 182 i. moss, H3 iii. i. 103 i. weeds, Uth. i.
iii. 140 anlres vast and deserts idle.
idle vb. : to move lazily or uselessly Rom. ii. vi. 19
the '/(/s-vri mer That idles in the , . . uir\ cf. Meas. ill.
ii. 297 [289] idle spiders' strings.
idle-headed: silly, crazy V/iv. iv. iv. 37 i. eld.
idleness : trifling, frivolous occupation or pastime
Tw.N. I. V. 69, 1H4 i. ii. 218, Ant i. iii. 92-3.
idly: carelessly, lightly John iv. ii. 124, R2 v. ii. 25
the eyes of men . ..Are idly bent on him, H5 i. ii. 59,
Tim. I. i. 20 A thing slipp'd idly from me.
i' fecks : in feith Wint. i. ii. 121.
ignoble (the adv. ignobly occurs only in sense 2)
1 of low birth or base descent 1H6 in. i. 177, v. iv.
7, 3H6IV. i. 70, R3in. vii. 126.
2 base or dishonourable in character Tji. i. ii. llii.
Wint. II. iii. 119, K3 ni. v. 21.
ignominy, and its shortened form ignomy (iVe |.
in the 16th and 17th c.) : dishonour, disgrace Meas.
II. iv. 112 (Fi Ljnomic, Vi^n Ignominy), 1H4 v. iv.
100(Qi|Ff3t ignominy, the rest ignomy}. TroU. v.
X. 33 ((2 ignomyny, Fi' 1 2 better ignomy). Tit. iv. ii.
116 ((-l I hjtiiimie, Vi ignominie,-y).
ignorant (ohs. or peculiar uses ara)
1 uniiifiii-med, unskilled in Wint. 11. iii. 69, Cym.
in. ii. 23 I am ignorant in vliat I am commanded.
2 unconscious «/Meas. 11. ii. ll'J Most i. of what he's
most assur'd.
3 resulting from ignorance 0th. iv. ii. 69" i. sin.
4 that keeps one in ignorance Tp. v. i.67' 1. fumes,
Wint. 1. ii. 397' ignorant concealment.
'ild : see Godild.
iliad : see (eillade.
ill sb. (is used only in the foil, senses)
1 wrongi-doing, wickedness, sin Tp. i. ii.353 capable
of all ill, R2 I. i. 86 So much as of a thought of ill
in him, 0th. iv. iii. 106 The ills we do, Lucr. 91
Whose inward ill no outivard liarmexpress'd.
2 evil inflicted or suffered, mischief, misfortune,
disaster Mer.V. n. v. 17 There is some ill a-brew-
ing. Ham. iii. i. 81 bear those ills we have, Sonn.
cxix. 9 0 benefit of ill .'. [cf. EVii.)
ill adj. (used in various applications of 'bad ', 'evU';
1 morally evil, wicked Tp. i. ii.454, 455, Wiv. v. v.
137, Meas. ir. i. 68 a very ill house, 2H4 i. ii. 188
his ill angel, 118 iv. ii. 43, Mac. I. iii. 131, Lucr. 579.
2 unskilled Rom. iv. ii. li 'tis an ill cook that can-
not lick his oun fingers. Ham. 11. ii. 119 / am ill at
these tmmbers.
ill- in composition :
1 (objective) ill-boding (not pre-S.) 1H6 iv. v. 6,
-breeding, contriving mischief Ham. iv. v. 15,
-dispersing R3 iv. i. 52, -dieinnig Rom. iii. v. 54,
-(Zo/Hr/ Wint. I. ii. 70, -uttering Ant. ii. v. 35.
2 (adverbial, with pres. and pa. pples.) ill-annexed
Lucr. 874, -beseeming Rom. 1. v. 78, -compos'd
Mac. IV. iii. 77, -disposed, indisposed, ill, sick
(17th c. sense) Troil. n. iii. 85, -erected, erected
for evil purposes or under evil auspices R2 v. i.
2, -got (not pre-S.) 3H6 11. ii. 46, -inhabited (see
i.\H.\BiTED), -nurtur'd 2H6 i. ii.42, Ven. 134, -re-
sijunding Ven. 919, -roasted AYL. in. ii. 39, -ta'cn,
wrongly conceived, mistaken Wint. I. ii. 460,
-tliought-on, unfavourably regarded Troil. i. i.
74, -used R3 iv. iv. 397 (Ff times ill-is'd repast,
Qq time misused o'erpasl), Sonn. xcv. 14, -iceaied
1H4 v. iv. 88 Ill-weav'd ambition ('like badly-
wovcn cloth, loose in texture and therefore
liable to shrink'), wresting Sonn. cxl. 11.
3 (parasynthetic) ill-fac'd, having an unpleasant
face, ugly Err. iv. ii. 20, -facoiirul, ill-looking,
uncomely, ugly Gent. 11. vii. 64, AViv. i. i. 314,
111. iv. 32, AYL. iii. v. 53, Tit. in. ii. 66 (hence
itl-favouredltj, unpleasingly, and so, often = badly
Wiv. 111. V. 70, xVYL. 1. ii. 43, in. ii. 280, H5 iv.
ii. 40), -headed Ado in. i. 64, -rooted Ant. n. vii.
2, -sliapfd Rom. v. i. 44, -sheathed 1H4 i. i. 17,
-spirited 1H4 v. v. 2, -starr'd (not pre-S.) Otb. v.
ii. 271, -tuned 3o\\i\ 11. i. 197.
4 ill-seeming, of evil appearance Shr. v. ii. 144.
I'll: in old edd. spelt He.
illness (once) : evil, wickedness Mac. i. v. 21.
illo:-billu Ham. 1. v. 115.
ill-temper'd: badly tempered or mixed, said of
the humours (see humouk sb. 2) Cies. iv. iii. 114
Vilien grief and blood ill-temper'd vexeth him ;
passing almost into the mod. sense of ' bad-
tempered ' in line 115. ^ Cf. mistesiper'd.
illume (not pre-S.): to light up Ham. i. i. 37.
illusion (obs. use) : deception H8 i. ii. 178.
illustrate adj.: illustrious LLL. iv. i. 65, v. i. 132.
illustrate vb. : to make evident H8111. ii. 182.
illustrious: used as the negative of 'lustrous'
Cym. 1. vi. WJ i. as llie smukg light That's f,d nilh
stinking tallow (mod. edd. iltaslrousf, intustrousf,
unlustrousf).
ill-well: Ado n. i. 124 so ill-wdl, with so success-
ful an imitation of a defect.
image (2 and 4 were 16-1 7th cent, senses)
1 appearance semblance, likeness Wint. v. i. 127
Your father's i. is so hit in you, John iv. ii. 71 Tlie
I. of a ti'iekcd heinous fault, Ham. v. ii. 77 by the
image of ing cause I sie The portraiture of his.
2 visible appearance or form Ham. i. i. 81 Our last
king, Whose vwigccien but noii uppcar'd to us.
IMAGERY
113
— IMPOST
3 counterpart, copy, likeness Meas. ii. iv. 46
lienveii'si. ( = mankind), Shr. Ind. i. 35, lH4v. iv.
120, K3 II. i. 124, Mac. ii. iii. 85 The great doom's
imrif/e, Lr. v. iii. 266, Lucr. 764.
4 representation Ham. in. ii. 251 Tin's pJa/j is the
image of a murder done in Vienna.
5 embodiment, type 2H6 i. iii. 179 /. of pride, Lr.
11. iv. 91 The images of revolt, iv. vi. liS3.
0 mental picture, idea, conception Tp. i. ii. 43,
MND. V. i. 25 fancy's i-s, Tw.N. ii. iv. 19, Troil.
II. ii. 60, Mac.'i. iii. 135.
imagery (once) : hangings, tapesti-y R2 v. ii. 16.
^ An early 17tli cent, inventory lias ' i j peeces
of tyne tapestrie ofsilke Imagrie '.
imagfinary (1 tlie ordinary mod. sense ; 2 and 3
obs. and somewhat rare, not pre-S.)
1 existing only rn imagination, not real Err. iv.
iii. 10, K2 II. ii. 27 'Whicli for tilings true ireeps
things i., 2H4 iv. iv. b9 forms i., Ven 597 AH is i.
she doth prove.
2 of or belonging to tlie imagination, imaginative
John IV. ii. 265 foul i. eyes of blood Presented thee
more hideous, H5 I. Chor. IS your i. forces, Troil.
III. ii. 18 The i. relish, Sonn. xxvii. 9 my soul's i.
sight.
3 icprL'senting things by means of images Lucr.
1422 much imayiiiury ivork,
imagination : quasi-concr. in R3 i. iv. 80 unfelt
i. (Ff I-s), wliat they imagine but do not realize.
imagin'd: of imagination Mer.V. in. iv. 52 n-ith
i. speed ( = as quick as thought); H5 in. Chor.
1 with i. icing { = \v'\i\\ the wings of imagination) ;
Rom. II. vi. 28 the i. happiness (= happiness
having its seat in the mind).
imljace: 16-17th cent, form of ' embase' in H5 i.
ii.94(Qqio), of uncertain meaning: see next word.
'i\ ' Embase ' is known only in the sense ' lower,
debase, impair '.
im.'bar*: (a) to bar, (b) to bar in, secure H5 i. ii.
94 (Ff imhar(re, Qqi 2 iinbace, Q 3 embrace).
imbecility fonci?): weakness Troil. i. iii. 114.
im.l)ossed, inibost : old forms of embossed ' and =.
imbriie, enibrue (old edd. also embreic) : to stain
or dye with blood Tit. 11. iii. 222 ; transf. (of a
weapon) to pierce MND. v. i. 352 Come, blade, my
breast i. ; (of a person) absol. to commit bloodshed
2H4 11. iv. 209.
imitate : to make (a thing) in imitation of some-
thing (S.) Sonn. liii. 6 the counterfeit Is poorly
imitated after you.
immanity (once): atrocious savageness 1H6 v.i.l3.
immask (S.) : to cover, hide 1H4 i. ii. 200.
immaterial*: flimsy, slight (S.) Troil. v. i. 35.
immediacy (not pre-S.) : direct relation in a
position of authority Lr. v. iii. 66.
immediate :
1 next in succession (to a throne, Ac.) All'sW. n.
iii. 139 (fig.) She is young, wise, fair : In these to
nature she's 1. heir, 2H4 v. ii. 71 The i. heir of
England, Ham. i. ii. 109 the most i. to our throne.
2 passing in direct succession to2H4 iv. v. 41 this
. . . croicn ...?'. from thy place and blood. Derives
itself to me.
3 direct Ant. 11. vi. 137 the immediate author.
immediately : app. legal term = expressly MND.
I. i. 45 according to our law I. provided.
imminence" : impending evil Troil. v. x. 13 7. . .
dare all i. that gods and men Address (see address
2) their dangers in.
immodest : immoderate, excessive Wint. iir. ii.
103 ; arrogant 1H6 iv. i. 126.
imm.oment (S.): of no moment Ant. v. ii. 165.
immortal: heavenly, divine Ant. v. ii. 283*.
immure sb. (S.): wall Troil. Prol. 8 (Fi emures'}.
immure vb. (not pre-Eliz.) : spelt emure in LLL.
in. i. 131, IV. iii. 328 (Qq Fi).
imp sb. : used affectedly = child LLL. i. ii. 5, v. Ii.
589 ; fig. in imp of fame 2H4 v. v. 47, H5 iv. i. 45.
imp vb.: properly a term of falconry, to engraft
feathers in the wing of a bird so as to make good
losses and deficiencies and thus restore or im-
prove the powers of flight R2 11. i. 292 Imp out
our drooping country's broken wing.
inipaint (not pre-S.) : to depict 1H4 v. i. 80.
impair, impare: (?) unsuitable, unfit, inferior
Troil. IV. v. 103 (Vii>npair(e, Q impare, J. impure-^).
impale, empale (both forms in old edd.)
1 to shut or hem in Troil. v. vii. 5 Impale him with
your iceapons round about. [18'.i.
2 to encircle with a crown 3H6 in. ii. 171, in. iii.
impart :
1 to furnish, afford Lucr. 1039 this no slaughter-
house no tool impartcth.
2 to communicate, make known, tell Ham. in.
ii. 349 (Qq only); in Ham. i. ii. 112* love is app. to
be supplied as the object of hnparl, the prep, to-
ward partly depending on it; unless impart =
' impart myself ' (J.).
impartial (not pre-S. ; the ordinary sense in R2 i.
i. 115, 2H4 V. ii. .36) : indifferent Meas. v. i. 166,
Ven. 748. % In Rom. line 1856 (Qi) Cruel, vmust,
impartiall destinies misused for 'partial', a use
found also in Swetnam, ' The Woman-hater,' 1620.
impartment (not pre-S.) : communication Ham.
I. iv. 59.
impasted : made into a paste Ham. n. ii. 490 [481].
impeach sb. : calling in question, challenge, ac-
cusation Err. V. i. 270, 3H6 i. iv. 60.
impeach vb. : to call in question, discredit, dis-
parage MND. n. i. 214 Yon do i. your modesty,
Mer.V. in. ii. 279, hi. iii. 29, R2 i. i. 189.
impeachment (the orig. sen.se = Fr. 'empoche-
nient '; 2 a lGth-17th c. sense ; 3 almost obs. in
tile gen. sense)
1 hindrance H5 in. vi. 154 to march . . . Without i.
2 detriment Gent. i. iii. 15.
3 accusation, charge R3 n. ii. 22.
imperator (old edd. emp-) : absolute ruler LLL,
III. i. 195 [187].
imperious: imperial Troil. iv. v. 171 most i. Ac/a-
mcmuou, Tit. i. i. 2.'i0 (Q2 Ff imperiall), iv. iv. 80
he thy thoughts i., like thy name, Ham. v. i. 235
iFf ImjicriiiUJ), Ant. iv. xiii. [xv.] 23, Ven. 996.
^ Tlie irovailing mod. sense is equally freq.
imperiously: majestically Ven. 265 I. he leaps.
imperseverant (S.), mod. edd. imperccirerant:\in-
(lisceriiing Cym. iv. i. 15. TJ 'Perceiverant ' is
instanced only once. [vi. 179.
impertinency (once) : irrelevant matter Lr. n'.
impertinent : irrelevant Tp. i. ii. 138. ^ Misused
by Launcelot, Mer.V. n. ii. 151.
impeticos : burlesque word put into the mouth of
a fool, app. as a perversion of ' impocket ', and
perhaps intended to suggest 'petticoat' T\v.N.
II. iii. 28.
impierced : see enpierced.
impiety : want of natural piety Tit. i. i. 355*.
impious : irreverent Cym. in. iii. 6.
impleach'd: intertwined Conipl. 205. ^ In early
use only S. ; taken up by mod. poets.
implorator (S.) : solicitor Ham. i. iii. 129.
imply: to involve All'sW. i. iii. 224, Per. iv. i. 81.
impone (Ff) : (?) intended to suggest an affected
pronunciation of 'impawn' = to stake, wager
Ham. V. ii. 155 (Qq impairncd, impaund), 171.
import (comes into general use in the 16tli cent.
with many meanings ; 5, 7 not pre-S.)
1 to bring about, carry with it or involve as a con-
IMPORTANCE -
114
— INCABNATE
sequence Meas. v. i. 109, R3 in. vii. 67, Lr. iv. iii.
5 itlikh is (othe kingdom so much fear and danqev,
Ant. II. ii. 139.
2 to imply, betoken, indicate, signify, denote
Wint. I. ii. 57, Rom. v. i. 28 Your looks . . . do i.
Some misadeenlure, Ham. in. ii. 150 Belike this
show i-s the argument of the play, iv. v. 27, iv.
vii. 81, Otli. IV. i. 140, Sonn. cxxii. 14 To kcip an
adjunct to remember thee ^Ycre to i. forgctfulniss
in me.
3 to bear as its purport, express, state Tim. v. ii.
11, Ham. I. ii. 23 message I-ing the surrender of
those lands, Lr. iv. v. 6, 0th. ii. ii. 3, v. ii. 309 ;
absol. Jolin iv. iii. 17, 1H4 i. i. 51 unwelcome
news . . ., and thus it did i. (Ft' report).
4 to portend 1H6 i. i. 2 Comets, importing change of
times and states.
5 to be important, matter 1H4 iv. iv. 5 How much
they do i. ; witli datival pron. Troil. iv. ii. 52 it
doth i. him much to speak with me. Ant. i. ii. 130
n'lth what else more serious Importeth thee to know.
6 tu relate to, concern LLL. iv. i. 57 This letter . . .
1-cth iionc liere, Otli. I. iii. 285 (Qi concerne).
importance (? 'consequence' or sense 3 in Wint.
II. i. ISO")
1 inattur, affair (of sligiit importance) Cym. i. iv.
47 upon importance of so sliglil . . . a nature.
2 importunity, solicitude John ir. i. 7 At oiir i.
3 import, meaning Wint. v. ii. 20.
importancy : significance 0th. i. iii. 20.
important (obs. sense, not pre-S.) : urgent, press-
ing, importunate Err. v. i. 138 At your i. letters.
Ado II. i. 75, AU'sW. in. vii. 21 his i. blood unit
noui/ht ihng, Lr. iv. iv. 26 (Ff importun'd).
importing': significant, meaning AU'sW. v. iii.
136 her business looks in her ^Vltll. an i. visage.
Importless (S.) : unimportant Troil. i. iii. 71.
importii'nacy ! importunity Gent. iv. ii. 114,
Tim. II. ii. 42.
importune (in the sense of ' ask urgently and per-
sistently ' usu. with a person as obj., but thrice
with a thing)
1 to trouble, weary Ant. iv. xiii. [xv.] 19.
2 to be urgent, impel Meas. i. i. 66 our concernings
shall importune.
importun'd: importunate Lr. iv. iv. 26 My mourn-
nifi and i. tears (Ff; Qq important). ^For the
active meaning of the passive form cf. disdain'd.
impose sb.: injunction Gent. iv. iii. 8.
impose vb. (2 not post-S.)
1 to lay (an imputation) upon H5 iv. i. 159.
2 to subject to a penalty Ado v. i. 286.
im.position (1 only S. ; the sense of ' imposture '
is post-S., but is seen in germ in 0th. ii. iii. 271)
1 imputation, accusation, charge Meas. i. ii. 200
[194] stand under grievous i., Wint. i. ii. 74 tlie i.
clear'd.
2 injunction, command or charge laid upon one
Mer. V. HI. iv. 33 this i,. The which my love . . Now
lags upon you, KJ III. vii. 230, Lucr. 1697 As bound
III kiiii/h/liiiod to her imposition.
impossible : extravagant, incredible, inconceiv-
able Ado II. i. 145 in devising i. slanders, 254*
huddling jest upon jest toith . ..i. conveyance (many
conj.), Tw.N. III. ii. 79 such i. passages of grossness.
imposthume: purulent swelling, abscess Troil. v.
i. 24, Ham. iv. iv. 27, Ven. 743.
imprese: device, emblem R2 iii. i. 25 (Qs).
impress sb.': impression Gent. iii. ii. 6 weak. i. of
loic.
impress .sb.' (not pre-S.) : enforced levy Troil. ii.
i. Iii7, Ham. i. i. 75, Ant. in. vii. 3G.
Impress sb.' (not pre-S.): variant of impkese 112
in. i. 26 {Fiimpress(e, Qq impre{e)s().
impress vb.' (2 is not pre-S.)
1 to produce (a mark) upon or in something by
pressure AU'sW. i. iii. 141, Cor. v. v. [vi.] 108.
2 to mark or stamp (a thing) LLL. n. i. 234 His
heart, like an agate, with your print i-'el, Mac. v.
vii. 39 [viii. 10].
impress vb.2 (not pre-S.) : to compel (men) into
servicelH4i.i.21,Mac.iv.i.95F/ioca»ii.</i«/ores/.?,
Lr. V. iii. 51 turn our i'mprcss'd lances in our
eyes; fig. (absol.) in Compl. 267* Whenthou i-est . . .
(cf. line 271 Love's arms are peace).
impressure (not pre-S.) : impression AYL. in. v.
23, Tw.N. If. V. 104, Troil. iv. v. 130.
improvident : unwaiy, careless (not pre-S.) Wiv.
II. ii. 3u6, 1H6 n. i. 58.
impure : stressed like entire R3 in. vii. 232 all
the I'mpure blots, Ven. 736 with impu're defeature,
Lucr. 1078 pure streams to purije my i'mpure tale.
imputation: reputation TroiK i. iii. 339 Our i.
shall he oddly pois'd In this wild action ; opinion
0th. III. iii. 407* ;. a>id strong circumstances
( = ' opinion founded on strong circumstantial
evidence,' Schmidt).
impute: to reckon, regard Sonn. Ixxxiii. 9 This
silence for my sin you did impute.
in pre^i. (1 extension of the normal use in which
' in with a gerund is equivalent to a clause, e. g.
Tp. II. i. 226)
1 used redundantly with gerunds R2 v. v. 54, lH6v.
iii. 41 suddenly surpris'dDy bloody hands, in sleep-
ing on your beds, H8i. i. 145, Troil. in. iii. 250, Cor.
IV. vi. 132 cast Your . . . caps tn hooting at Corio-
hinus' exile.
2 =at 0th. I. ii. 94 In this time of the night.
3 = on 2H4 i. ii. 237 in a hot day.
4 used where no prep, is now expressed Meas. iv.
iv. 9 why should ice proclaim it in an hour before
his entering.
in adv.:
1 within Troil. in. iii. 97 or without or in.
2 in prison 2H4 v. v. 41 Doll is in.
3 engaged, involved Meas. iv. ii. 112 ( = liable for
punishment), LLL. iv. iii. 20 / would not care a
pin if the other three ircre in, Tw.N. ii. v. 48 now
he's deeply in, R3 iv. ii. 64 /((*)( in So far in blood.
4 in office, in power Lr. v. iii. 15.
5 drunk Ant. n. vii. 38.
in vb. (once) : to get (a crop) in AU'sW. i. Iii. 49
(Fi Innc).
in-a-door (old edd. unhyphened): in doors, at home
Lr. I. iv. 139. ^ ' In a door(s ' was a common 17th
cent. phr.
inaidible tS.) : helpless AU'sW. Ii. i. 122 (mod.
edd. -able).
incag'ed (mod. edd. encaged) : caged, confined R2
n. i. 102, 3H6 iv. vi. 12, Ven. 582.
incapable (occurs 6 times ; not pre-S. in active
senses ; 1, 2, 3, and 4 are construed with of)
1 unable to contain Sonn. cxiii. 13 I. of more.
2 insensible (to one's condition) Ham. iv. vii. 179
incapable of her own distress.
3 not admitl;ingo/Cor. iv. vi. \2l incapable of help.
4 lacking the capacity or fitness (for) Tp. i. ii. Ill
of temporal royalties He thinks me now i., Wint.
IV. iii. [Iv.] 410 (. Of reasonable affairs.
5 unintelligent R3 n. ii. 18 Incapable . . . innocents.
incardinate, incarnal, incarnation : blunders
for ' incarnate' Mer. V. ii. ii. 28(Ff Qqosi incarna-
tion, Qi inrarnall), Tw.N. v. i. 1S6.
incarnadine: to tinge with red Mac. ii. ii. 63 icf'rt
. . . The multitudinous seas i. (Ff printed -ardine).
incarnate: in human shape H5 n. iii. 31, Tit. v. i.
40. ^ Always as an epithet oi devil, as arc also
the corrupt forms above.
INCENSE —
- INI)ISTING1JISHABI.E
incense (obs. use) : to instigate or incite to Wiv.
I. iii. 108, Ado v. i. 247, C*s. i. iii. 13, Lr. ii. iv.
309. 1 Foi- H8 V. i. 43 see insense.
incextain : ' not knowing what to think or do '
(Schmidt) Meas. iii. i. 125 laivless and i. thoughts,
AVint. V. i. 29 ^yhai dangers . . . May . . . devour i.
look(rs-on.
inch ': the furthest inch, the most distant part Ado
II. i. 277 ; the teryextretnest inch, the very utmost
2H4iv. iii. 39 ;«^nn inch, in immediate readiness
2H6 I. iv. 45 ; even to his inches, from top to toe
Troil. IV. V. 111. T] S. is the earliest authority
for I )ie/iM = stature Ant. i. iii. 40, and the fig.
phr. by inches Cor. v. iv. 43.
inch -: small island Mac. i. ii. 63 Saint Cohiie's Inch.
inchmeal : by inchmeal, little by little Tp. n. ii. 3.
incidency (not p4;e-S.) : happening, occurrence
Wiiit. I. ii. 403 what incidtncy of hiirni.
incision : cutting for the piir|iuso of letting blood
LLL. IV. iii. 97 A fever in your blood! uhy, then
i. Would let her out in saucers, Mer.V. ii. i. 0,
AYL. III. ii. 76 6od makei. in thee! (? to cure
thee of thy simpleness), R2 i. i. 155, H5 iv. ii. 9 ;
(bombastically) 2H4 ii. iv. 209.
incivil : unmannerly, rude Cym. v. v. 293 ; so
incivility Err. iv. iv. 48.
inclination : natural disposition, nature, charac-
ter Jolin v. ii. 158, Ant. ii. v. 113.
incline : intr. and reti. with to, to side with Cor. ii.
iii. 42, Lr. in. iii. 14, Ant. iv. vi. 14.
inclining^: party, following (cf. prec.) Oth.i. ii.82.
inclining' ppl. adj.: compliant Uth. ii. iii. 349.
inclip (S.) : to enclose, embrace Ant. ii. vii. 75.
include : to bring to a close, conclude Gent. v. iv.
IGO we will i. all jars Wilh triumphs ; refl. (?) to
resolve itself (into) Troil. i. iii. 119*^.
inclusive (not pre-S.) : enclosing, encircling R3
IV. i. 58 the i. verge Of golden metal ; comprehen-
sive All'sW. I. iii. 234*.
Income (once) : arrival, advent Lucr. 334.
incomprehensible : boundless, unlimited 1H4 i.
ii. -OS the i. lits that this same fat rogue nill tell us.
inconsiderate : thoughtless person LLL. iii. i. 82.
incontinent: forthwitli, at once AYL. v. ii. 44,
1(2 v. vi. 4-!, 0th. IV. iii. 12; so i-/^ 0th. l. iii. 307.
inconvenience : mischief, liarm H5 v. ii. 66, 1H6
I. iv. 14.
inconvenient : unfitting, inappropriate AYL. v.
ii. 74.
incony : (?) rare, fine, delicate LLL. iir. i. 142 my i.
•Ii If, IV. i. 140 most i. vulgar mit. ^ A cant word,
pievalent about 1600, of unascertained origin.
incorporal : incorporeal, immaterial Ham. iii. iv.
117 (Q.().
incorporate pple.:
1 united in one body, closely united or combined,
intimately bound up (with) MND. iii. ii. 208, Cor.
I. i. 136 my i. friends. Tit. i. i. 462 lam i. in Rome,
Cces. I. iii. 135 one i. To our attempts, Ven. 540.
2 associated with another Err. il. ii. 1-26.
3 forming a close union H5 v. ii. 394 their «'. league.
incorpsed (S.) : incorporated, made into one body
liilh Ham. r\'. vii. 87 (Q incorp'st, Ff encorp'st).
incorrect : unchastened Ham. i. ii. 95.
incxea'se sb. (3fre(i. in earth's increase)
1 reproduction, procreation Lr. i. iv. 303 Dry up in
her the organs of increase.
2 oft'spring, progeny R3 iv. iv. 298, v. iv. 51 [v. 38],
Cor. III. iii. 112 her womb's i., Tit. v. ii. 192.
3 multiplication of crops, &c., produce Tp. iv. i.
110 Earth's i., MND. ii. i. 114, 3H6 ii. ii. 164 thy
summer bred us no i., Ven. 169, Sonn. xcvii. 6.
increase vb.: to cause to thrive Cor. iv. v. 236'.
incxeasefal : fruitful Lucr. 968 i. crops.
incredulous: incredible (not pre-S.) Tw.N. iii. iv.
90.
Ind(e : India, or (vaguelj') Asia or the East Tp. ir.
ii. 62, LLL. iv. iii. 222 (rliyming with hlnul); £ast,
^Yestern Ind, the East, West Indies AYL. in. ii. 94.
indeed (the interrogative use=Is it so ? Really?,
as in Wiv. iv. ii. 15, Otli. ill. iii. 101, is not re-
corded before S.)
1 in reality, in truth Tp. i. ii. 103, Wiv. i. i. 26,
MND. III. i. 20 Fyramus is not killed i.; placed
after a word to emphasize it -really and truly
0th. II. i. 145 a deserving woman indeed.
2 in an adversative clause, emphasizing the real
fact in opposition to what is false Tp. ii. i. 57.
indent (2 this meaning arises from the fact that
agreements between mutually contracting
parties wore written in duplicate on one sluct,
the two copies being tlien severed bj' a zigzag
line)
1 to move in a zigzag lino, to double Ven. 704 Turn,
and return, i->ng with the way; cf. AYL. iv. iii.
114 A green and gilded snake . . . toUh i-ed glides
did slip away.
2 to enter into a compact with 1H4 i. iii. 87.
indenture: contract, mutual agreement (lit. and
fig.); peiir of i-s (for the reason of the term see
note on prec.) Ham. v. i. 117.
index : table of contents prefixed to a book, (hence
fig.) argument, preface, prologue R3 ii. il. 148
As i. to the story we late talk'd of, iv. iv. 85 The
/tattering i. of a direful pageant, Troil. i. iii. 343 in
such i-es, although small pricks To their subsequent
volumes. Ham. lii. iv. 52, 0th. ii. i. 265.
India : used allusively for a country fabulously
rich 1H4 iii. i. 168 a« bountiful As mines of India,
H8 I. i. 21, Troil. i. i. 105.
Indies : the East Indies Tw.N. iii. ii. 88 ; allusively
for a place yielding great wealth or to which pro-
fitable voyages may be made Wiv. i. iii. 77 /hey
shall be my East and West I., and I will trade to
them loth. Err. in. ii. 137, H8 iv. i. 45.
indifferency (twice only ; 2 only S.)
1 impartiality John ii. i. 579*.
2 moderate size 2H4 iv. iii. 23.
indifferent adj. :
1 impartial R2 il. iii. 116, H8 il. iv. 15.
2 iK'ither good nor bad, ordinary Gent. in. ii. 44,
Shr. IV. i. 94, Tim. i. i. 31, Ham. ii. ii. 235.
indifferent adv.: tolerably, fairly Shr. i. ii. 184,
Tw.N. I. iii. 145, H5 iv. vii. 35, Ham. in. i. 126.
indifferently: unconcernedly C»s. i. ii. 87;
neutrally Cor. ii. ii. 19; moderately, tolerably,
fairly H5 ii. i. 58 to knock you i. well, Hani. in.
ii. 42.
indigfest : adj. shapeless, unformed Sonn. exiv.
5 ; — sb. (S.) shapeless mass John v. vii. 26.
indigested (not pre-S.) : = indigest adj. 2H6 v. i.
^blfuul i. lump, 3H6 v. vi. 51 (Ff ; qq undigest,
Maloiie indigest t).
indign : unworthy, shameful 0th. i. iii. 275.
indignity : unworthy trait 1H4 in. ii. 146.
indirect: wrong, unjust AYL. i. i. 161, R3 i. iv.
227 no i. or lawless course, in. i. 31,0th. i. iii. Ill
indirect and forced coitrscs.
indirection (not pre-S.)
1 devious course, roundabout means Ham. n. i. OG.
2 irregular or unjust means, malpractice John in.
i. 276 i. thereby grows direct, Caes. iv. iii. 75.
indirectly (2, 3 not pre-S.)
1 wrongly, unjustly John ii. i. 49, H5 ii. iv. 94,
2 evasively Meas. iv. vi. 1, 1H4 i. iii. 66.
3 not in express terms R3 iv. iv. 226.
indisposition: disinclination Tim. ir. ii. 140,
indistinguishable: of indeterminate shape Troil.
INDISTINGUISH'D —
116
INHERIT
V. i. 3:1 Hfjii iiliorison i. cur (? with rcf. to Tlicr-
sites' dftunnitv).
indistinguisli'd : see undistinguished.
indite : misused for ' invite ' 2H'l 11. i. 3i', Rom. 11.
iv. i:iS.
individable": (?) 'where the unity of place is ob-
sLTved' 1 Aldis \Vright)Ham. 11. ii. 427 [4181 (Q-i-s
uiiUiiidiMe, Qqi so indeitidiible, Ff indiiiibte).
indrench'd : immersed Troil. i. i. 53.
indvibitate: undoubted LLL. iv. i. 67. % Re-
coraed from 14S4 (C.-xxtonjto 1678 (Cudworth).
inducement (not pre-Eliz.; 1, 2 not pre-S.)
1 action of inducing All'sW. iii. ii. 91.
2 tliat whicli induces, something attractive R3 iv.
iv. 280, 118 II. iv. 167.
induction : initial step in an undertaking 1H4 iii.
i. 2 our i.fuU of prosperous hope, K3 i. i. 32, iv.
iv. 5.
indxie, endue : . ,Kn x ,
1 to furnish, supply, endow Gent. v. iv. 153, John
IV. ii. 43, H5 11. ii. 139, Cor. 11. iii. 147 ; Ham. iv.
vii. 180 i-d Unto that element, endowed with
qualities fitting her for living in water.
2 to bring to a. certain condition Otii. iii. iv. 145.
industrious: clever, ingenious John 11. i. 376*.
industriously: of set purpose Wint. i. ii. 256.
industry : (?) gallantry LLL. iv. i. 89.
inequality: (?) injustice Meas. v. 1. 65\
inexecrable: not to bo sufficiently execrated
]Mer. V. IV. i. 128 damn'd, i. dog .'. H Some regard
it as a misprint for inexorable, which is the
reading of Ff3 4.
infallible: undoubted, certain Meas. in. ii. 121,
All'sW. I. i. 152 to accuse your mothers, which is
most i. disobedience, Wint. I. ii. 287, 2H6 11. ii. 5
mil title, Which is infiiUihlc to Ew/liuuVs crown.
infamonize [perversion of infamize'] : to defame
LLL. V. ii. 682(Armado).
infant : fig. applied to a young plant Ham. i. iii. 39.
•^ Tliere are several attrib. uses LLL. iv. iii. 78
11 n old i. plaij, John 11. i. 97 )'. stale { ~ ' state tliat
belongs to an infant', Wright), H5 v. ii. 411
[Epil. 91 i. bands, Rom. ir. iii. 23 the i. rind of
this weak flower.
infect vb.: to affect with some feeling Wint. i. ii.
262 a fear Which oft i-s the wisest, John iv. iii. 69
Never to be t-ed li'ilh delight. Cor. v. v. [vi.] 72
infected with my countrij's lore.
infect pplc.: contaminated Troil. i. iii. 187.
infected: affected, factitious Tim. iv. iii. 203 This
is m tliee ei nature but i., Compl. 323.
infection: misused for 'affection' Wiv. 11. ii.
120, Mer.V. 11. ii. 137.
infactious: infected with disease Wint. iii. ii. 99,
(Uh. IV. i. 21 (Qq infected).
infer il, 2 are 16th-17th cent, uses)
1 to bring about, cause R3 iv. iv. 344*.
2 to allege, adduce 3H6 11. ii. 44 Inferring argu-
ments, R3 III. V. 74, &e., Tim. in. v. 74.
3 to prove, demonstrate John iii. i. 213 Thai need
niHstnads i. this principle, 2H4 v. v. 15.
inference : allegation oth. in. iii. 183.
infest: to harass Tp. v. i. 240 Do not i. your mind.
infinite : infinity Gent. n. vii. 70 i. of love. Ado 11.
iii. l\2 past the i. of thought, Troil. n. ii. 29.
infirm (obs. use): diseased All'sW. 11. i. 170.
infirmity (obs. use): illness, disease All'sW. n. i.
71, Cres. i. ii. 274, Mac. in. iv. 86, Cym. i. vi. 124.
inflammation: excitement with liquor 2114 iv.
iii. 10:;.
inflict : to send an infliction or visitation upon,
afflict Per. v. i. 61. ^ Mod. edd. afflictf, but
this use of ' inflict ' can be paralleled from 16th
and 17th cent, writers.
infliction ; fact of being inflicted Meas. i. iii. 28
our decrees. Dead to i. (i.e. dead, as far as their
execution goes).
influence : supposed flowing from the stars or
heavens of an etherial fluid acting upon the
character and destiny of men Tp. i. ii. 182, Ham.
I. i. 119 ; hence, exercise of personal power re-
garded as something akin to astral influence
(ient. in. i. 183 by Iter fair i. Foster'd, illuiniu'd.
^1 In Sonn. Ixxviii. 10 app. = inspiration.
in folio: in the form of a full-sized sheet folded
once LLL. i. ii. 195 ichole volumes in folio.
inform (the obs. uses are as follows)
1 to take shape Mac. n. i. 48 It is the bloody business
which informs Thus to mine eyes,
2 to imbue, inspire Cor. v. iii. 71.
3 to instruct, teach Cor. in. iii. 18, Ant. in. il. 48
nor can Her heart inform her tongue, Cym. i. i. 79.
4 refl. to learn, know' Wint. n. i. 166 i. yourselves.
We need no more of your advice.
5 to give information AU'sW. iv. i.9S, Mac. i.v. 34.
6 to report, tell (a fact) Meas. in. ii. 140 that let me
inform you, AU'sW. iv. i. 87, Cor. i. vi. 42.
informal: (?) disordered in mind, crazy (cf. for-
mal 5) Meas. v. i. 230 These poor infonnal women.
infuse (the sense ' instil ' also occurs)
1 to shed, ditfuse 1H6 i. ii. 85.
2 to imbue, to inspire with Tp. i. ii. 154, Shr. Ind.
ii. 17, R2 in. ii. 166, Cajs. i. iii. 69, Yen. 928.
infusion : infused temperament, character im-
parted by nature (S.) Ham. v. ii. 123.
ing'ag'ed*: (a) pledged, (b) not pledged or engaged
All'sW. V. iii. 96.
ingfener : see enginer.
ingenious (5 cf. the misuse of ingenuous)
1 able, talented R3in. i. 155.
2 intelligent, quick of apprehension Ham. v. i. 270
thy most i. sense ; 'delicately sensitive ' (Wright)
Lr. IV. vi. 288 i. feeling Of my huge sorrows.
3 clever at contriving, skiiful LLL. i. ii. 30 that an
eel is i. (Qi Fi ingenious, Ffi23 Qa ingenuous),
Cym. V. V. 216 torturers ingenious.
4 stilfully contrived LLL. in. i. 61 ((^^ingenuoits),
Cym. IV. ii. 186 My ingenious t instrument (old
edd. ingenuous).
5 usedforiNOENUous-befittingawell-born person,
' lil)eral ' Shr. i. i. 9 ingenious studies.
ing-eniously : ingenuously, frankly Tim. 11. ii.231.
ingeniious: misused, as freq. in the 17th cent.,
for INGENIOUS (q. v. senses 3, 4) LLL. iv. ii. 80 if
their sons be i. (Qi ingenous, Q2 Ffsi ingenuous,
Ffi2 ingenuous).
ingraft: see engraffed.
ingredience : ingredients Mac. i. vii. 11 the i. of
our poison'd chalice {ingredientsf), iv. i. 34 {iii-
gredientsf); in Oth. II. iii. 313 (Qq), see next word.
ingredient: chief component Oth. n. iii. 313
Every inordinate cup is unblessed and the i. is a
devil (Ff ; Qq inr/redience).
inhabit: (?) to continue, (?) remain at home Mac.
III. iv. 105* If trembling I inhabit then, protest
mce The Baby of a Giric (F,) ; many conj.
inhabitable: uninhabitable R2 i. i. 65.
inhabited: lodged AYL. in. iii. 10.
inhearse : to lay as in a coffin 1H6 n'. vii. 45,
Sonn. Ixxxvi. 3.
inherent : permanently indwelling Cor. in. ii. 123.
inherit (1 the orig. sense ' to make heir ')
1 to put (a person) in possession o/R2 i. i. 85 /. \is
So muck as of a thought of ill in him.
2 to enjoy the possession of, receive, hold as one's
portion Tp. iv. i. 154, R2 11. i. 83 a grave. Whose
hollow womb i-s naw/ht but bones. Cor. 11. i. 217,
Rom- I. ii. 30 such delight . , . shall yon .../.; so
INHIBITED —
117
— ZirSTRUMENT
inheritance, possession, ownersliip All'sW,
IV. iii. 315, Cor. in. ii. 68, Ham. i. i. 92 ; inheri-
tor, possessor, owner LLL. ii. i. 5, K3 iv. iii.
34, Ham. v. i. 119.
iuhiiiited : forliiildcn, as by ecclesiastical law
All'.sW. I. i. 100 (sue CANON), Otli. i. ii. 79 arts i.
inhibition: foniuil prohibition Ham.u.ii.;!55 [340].
inhoop'd: (of liglitiiig cocks or quails) enclosed in
a hoop in which the birds were kept fighting
close together Ant. ir. iii. 38.
inhuman: old edd. iiiliuimi{i))ie : cf. human.
Iniquity : comic character or buffoon in the old
morality plays, also called Vice K3 hi. i. 82 ;
alhiilcd to in Meas. ii. i. 186, 1H4 ii. iv. 500.
initiate: of a novice (S.) Mac. in. iv. 143.
injoint (S.): to join, unite Uth. i. iii. 35.
injurious : calumniating, contumelious, insulting
2\Hi I. iv. 51, Cor. in. iii. 08 Call me their traitor !
TItoH i. tribune.', Cym. iv. ii. 80; malicious or
insolent in wrong-doing Gent. i. ii. 103, K2 I. i.
'.'1 a /((lac iniitiir and i. villain, Cym. in. i. 48.
injury (1 common Uith-lTth cent.; 2 only S.)
1 reviling, insult, calumny, affront Err. v. i. 200,
MND. II. i. 147, in. ii. 148 // you were civil and
knew courtesji. You would not do me thus much
t.,:iH(iiv.iAoi what said Warwicic to these injuries?.
2 bodily wound or sore H5 ni. vi. 133.
inkle: kind of tape LLL. in. i. 140, Wint. iv. iii.
|iv.l 208; lineuoryaru from which it is madePer.
v. Gower 8.
inland: inlying districts of a country near the
capital and centres of pojuilation aiid'cultiire, as
opposed to tlie remote oroutlyiiig wild jiarts 115
1. ii. U2lodcfind Oar i./roin the jnl/i rim/ buydi n r.v
(QqyoiirEnyUind) ;— adj. cultured, refined AVL.
in. ii. 367 oh i. man ; one that kntio courtship too
well ; cf. AYL. n. vii. 90 yet I am inland bnd,
And know some nurture.
inly adj. and adv.: iinvard(ly) Tp. v. i. 200 I have i.
wept, Gent. ii. vii. 18 the mh/ touch of lore.
inn : place of residence for law students, often
named after the person from whcim they were
first rented or acquired 2114 in. ii. 15 Vbmcnl's
Inn (one of the Inns of Chancery, belonging to
the InnerTemide), 36 Gray's Inn ^—inns o' court,
the four sets of buildings in London (the Inner
Temple, the Middle Temple, Lincoln's Inn, and
Gray's Inn) belonging to the four legal societies
which have the exclusive right of admitting per-
sons to practise at the bar 2H4 ni. ii. 14, 2110 iv.
vii. 2. ^ The original meaning of this word,
' habitation, lodging', is possibly glanced a-t in K2
V. i. 13.
innocent : adj. silly Ado v. ii. 38 ;-sb. idiot, half-
wit, simpleton All'sW. iv. iii. 214 a dumb inno-
on/.l.v. III. vi. 9, Per. iv. iii. 17 play the pious i.
innovation: alteration for the worse Ham. ir. ii.
356 [3471 ; disturbance, commotion 0th. ii. iii. 42 ;
rcvLdtition 1114 v. i. 78.
inobled: see mobled.
inoculate : to engraft Ham. in. i. 121 i. our old
stock.
inquire sb.: inquiry Ham. ir. i. 4 (so Qq ; Ff
luiuiry). Per. ni. Gower 22.
inquire vb.: in old edd. enquire, ctiquier ; 3 syll.
in hhr. i. ii. 169 Ipro'mis'il to' rnqui're ca'rcfulli/'.
insane: causing madness (S.) Mac. i. iii. 84 the i.
riiiit, Tlial takes the reason prisoner.
insaniet (Warburton) : madness LLL. v. i. 28 it
msinualcth me of t. (old edd. in/amic). "IJ The
w«ird is otherwise known only from one other
author.
insconce: sec ensconce. [ri. vii. 72.
inscroU (not pre-S.) : to describe on a scroll Mer.V.
insculp: to cai-ve, engrave Mer.V. ii. vii. 57.
insculpture (only 17th cent., not pro-S.) : carved
inscription Tim. v. iv. 67.
insense : to make (a person) understand H8 v. i.
43 / think I have I-d the lords o' the canned that
he IS ... A most arch heretic {i\ Incenst ; referred by
some to INCENSE and explained ' provoked to be-
lieve '). U In literary use from 15th to 17th cent.,
subsequently dial, and now in gen. use from
Northumberland to Cornwall. [i. 139.
insensible: not perceptible by the senses 1H4 v.'
inship'd (not pre-S.); embarked 1H6 v. i. 49 (so
lu ; Ft 1 3 wherein ship'd).
insinew'd (not pre-S.) : joined as by strong sinews
-114 IV. i. 172 i. to this action (Qi tnsincwid).
insinuate (m Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 703 perhaps an
absol. use of a 15th-16th cent, sense ' to win or
attract subtly or covertly ')
1 intr. to wheedle oneself into a person's favour,
ingratiate oneself with R2 iv. i. 165 To i., flatter,
bow. Cor. II. iii. 105, Tit. iv. ii. 38, Yen. 1012
With Death she humbly doth insinuate.
2 (?) to suggest or imply something to (a person)
LLL. V. i. 27 it insinuateth me of insanic.
insinuation :
1 sell-ingiatiation John v. i. 08 ; 'artful intrusion
into the business ' (Clark and Wright) Ham. v.
ii. 59.
2 (?) suggestion, hint LLL. iv. ii. 14.
insisture' (S.) : (a) steady continuance in their
path, (I)) persistency, (c)i-egularityTroil. i. iii. 87.
insolence : pride, overbearing nature Cor. i. i. 268.
insomuch: inasmuch as AYL. v. ii. 62 insomuch
I sdi/ I kiioir you are.
instalment: place or scat in which a person is
installed Wiv. V. v. 69.
instance (the sense of ' illustrative example '
passes almost into 'sample, specimen' in 2H4
I. i. 66, Ham. iv. v. 161)
1 motive, cause All'sW. iv. i. 44, K3 iir. ii. 25
.shallow, without instance ( Ff), Ham. in. ii. 194 The
instances that second marriuye move.
2 being present, presence 2H4 iv. i. 83* every
tninnic s msiance.
3 evidence, proof, sign, token Gent. 11. vii. 70 i-s
of mfintte of love. Err. i. i. 04, Ado 11. ii. 42, 2H4
in. i. 103 A cerium i. that Glendower is dead, Ca-s.
IV. ii. 16* familiar i-s ( = niarks of familiarity),
Lucr. 1511 no guilty instance ( = 110 sign of guilt).
instancy : = INSTANCE 1, R3 in. ii.25 ((jq 2-k).
instant sb.: upon, on, or, 0' the i., immediately,
at unco LLL. in. i. 44, Tim. 11. ii. 208, 0th. i. ii. 38.
instant adj.:
1 now|HL'scnt, existing, liappening All'sW. iv. iii.
128, H8 I. i. 225 tliisi. cloud, Troil. in. iii. 153 Take
the i. way. Cor. v. i. 37 the i. army we can make.
2 immediate All'sW. 11. iv. 50 lake your i. leave,
1H4 IV. iv. 20, Lr. i. iv. 270 For i. remedy; also
a<lv., immediately Tim. 11. ii. 240, Ham. 1. v. 94.
instate : to endow, to invest Meas. v. i. 425.
insteep'd: imbrued H5 iv. vi. 12 in yore . . . i.
instig^ation : incentive, stimulus Cws. 11. i. 49.
insti'nct: impulse, prompting R3 n. iii. i2divtne i.
instinctively : (?) error ; see nisTiNCTivEi.v.
instruct: to inform Meas. i. i. 80, Shr. iv. ii. 120,
Cym. IV. ii. 300 He'll, then, instruct us of this body.
instruction: inlormation Ant. v. i. 54 Of thy
mil Ills ill sins inslnii-fion.
instrument (the sense of ' tool ' is fieq.)
1 (ig. means agent Tw.N. v. i. 120 (with literal
phra.seology), IHO 11. v. 58, 0th. iv. ii. 44.
2 document 0th. iv. i. 231 / kiss the i. of their
pleasures ( = the document in which their desires
are communicated).
1)
XirSTRUMENTAI.
118
INTJBN'D
instrumental: soiviceable Ham. i. ii. 48.
insu'bstantial : iimeal, imaginary Tp. iv. i. 165.
insufficience, -ency : inability, incompetence
AVint. I. i. 16 ; MND. ii. ii. 128, Sonn. cl. 2.
insult: to exult proudly or contemptuonsly,
triumph scornfully otcr, on AYL. in. v. 36, 1H6
J. ii. 138 that prowl i-iny nhip, 3H6 i. iii. 14 >-i>nj
o'crhis ]iytij, K-3ii. iv. 61 1-inj tjraiuij, Tit. in. ii.
71 1 icill insult on linn.
insulter : triumphing power Yen. 550. [145.
insultment: contemptuous triumph Cym. iii. v.
insuppressive (not pre-S.): insuppressible t'a;s.
u. i. 131 th' nisiiji/ircsshe mettle of our spirits.
intellect: meaning, import LLL. iv. ii. 139.
intelligence :
1 coiiinuuilcation, intercourse AYL. i. iii. .''lO //"
ivilli hiijsdf I hold i., Cym. iv. ii. 347, Sonii.
Ixxxvi. 10 that . . . (/host ^Yhic!l niijhtly (julls hitn
mtit intdliyence.
2 obtaining of secret information, agency by wliich
it is obtained John iv. ii. 116 where hath oitr i.
been (Irnnk ? ( = our spies), 1H4 iv. iii. 98 to entrap
Die by intellii/cnce.
intelligencer: informer, spy, secret agent 2H4
IV. ii. 2(1, K3 IV. iv. 71. [iii. 68.
intelligencing : conveying intelligence Wint. ii.
intelligent: 'bearing intelligence, giving in-
formation, communicative' (Schmidt) Wint. I. ii.
378, Lr. III. i. 25, in. v. 12, in. vii. 12 Our jwsts
sJinll be sirift a)id inteUtt/ent betwixt us.
intemperatiire (rare sense) : intempcrateness
1H4 III. ii. 166 (Ff ; Qq intemperance).
intend ('purpose, design' is the commonest sense)
1 to purpose making (a journey) Ant. v. ii. 2tXJ
Casir through St/ria I-s liis journey, Per. i. ii. 116
I ... to Tarsus Intend iiii) trmel, Sonn. xxvii. G ;
also intr. 1H4 iv. i. 92 i'he kiny . . . is set forth,
Or hither/cards intended speedily.
2 to design to express, signify by one's words,
mean 1H6 in. i. 141 / ;'. it not, 3H6 in. ii. 94, Ant.
11. ii. 44 Bow intend you, practis'd?.
3 to pretend, make pretence of Ado ii. ii. .'^5, Slir.
IV. i. 206, K3 iii.v. 8, in. vii. 44/. some fear, Lucr.
121 I-ine/ iteariness.
4 to tend,' incline MXD. in. ii. 333", 2H4 i. ii. 8
any'huui Ihat i-s toluuyhter (so Q : Vi tends'.
intendment: purpose, intent, design AYL. i. i.
142, Ho I. ii. 144, 0th. iv. ii. 206, Yen. 222.
intenible : incapable of liolding AH'sAV. i. iii. 210.
intent (the sense ' purpose, design ', and its wider
development ' will, inclination, desire,' are tlie
commonest uses)
1 aim, bent Tw.N. ii. iv. 78, Lucr. 46.
2 meaning, import, ])urport Mer.Y. iv. i. 247 the i.
(uid purpose of the lair, 2H4 iv. i. 9, lH6iv. i. 103,
Ant. II. ii. 45 to catch at mine intent. [139.
Intantion: ^in-tent 1, AViv. i. iii. 71, Wint. j. ii.
intentively : intently 0th. i. iii. 155 (see I^•STI^'C-
TIVELYl.
intercept: to interrupt Tit. in. i. 40 ;'. my talc.
interchained: linked one with another MND, ii.
ii. 49 (ij'i ; ¥{ interchanyed). [9.
interchange : alternation, vicissitude Sonn. Ixiv.
interchangeahly : mutually, reciprocally (in phr.
bused on the wording of legal agreements) K2 v.
ii. 98, 1H4 in. i. 82 sealed i., Troil. in. ii. 60.
interdiction: restraint, exclusion Mac. iv. iii.
\i)~Hij hisown I. stands accurst (so Ffj;); Fj arcust).
interess'dt : to be i., to Lave a right or share Lr. i.
i. 87 (Ff interest).
interest (usu. 2 syll.; but sometimes 3 syll. at the
end of line, e.g. 1H4 iv. iii. 49 You .shall hare
ijour desires with interest, but nut in Cvm, iv. ii.
a66)
1 legal concern (oO, right or title (/o possessions or
the enjoyment of them) John iv. iii. 147 unow'el
I. of proitd-sivelling state, 1H4 iii. ii. 98 ;'. to the
state, 2H6 in. i. 84 all your i. in those territories,
Lr. I. i. 52 I. of territory, 81 tobei. ( = to constitute
a claim ; but see ikteress'd) ; fig. AY'L. v. i. 8,
Tit. in. i. 249 Vilhere life hath no more i. but to
breathe, Lucr. 1067, 1619, 1797.
2 right or title to share in, part 1H6 v. iv. 107, iJ3
n. ii. 47 so much i. have I in thy sorrow, Kom. lu.
i. 194.
3 advantageous concern (in a thing) Cym. iv. ii.
365 yVhat's thy i. In this sad irrack'/: )irolit,
advantage Mac. i. ii. 66 Our bosom i.; phr. in the
interest of Lr. v. iii. 86.
4 (?) influence due to personal connexion Mer.Y.
in. ii. 222' my new i. (viz. as Portia's accepted
suitor) ; but perhaps merely fig. of sense 1.
6 money paid for the use of money lent Mer.Y. i.
iii. 52, Tim. in. v. 110 let out their coin iipon
large i.\ fig. 1114 IV. iii. 49, Yen. 210 Oixe me one
liiss, I'll gne it thee again. Anil one for interest.
inter'gatory: ouestion formally put, or drawn up
in writing to oe put, to an accused person or a
witness to be answered as upon oath Mer.Y. v. i.
298 chari/e lis there upon i-ies, 300, All'sW. iv.
iii. 207, Oym. v. v. 393.
interim: by i-s, at intervals Cor. i. vi. 5 ; inter-
lude LLL. I. i. 170.
interjoin (S.): to join mutually Cor. iv. iv. 22.
interlace : to interweave Lucr. 13O0.
interlude : (orig.) dramatic or mimic representa-
tion, of light or humorous character, such as
was introduced between the acts of the long
mystery or morality plays ; (in 16th-17th cent.)
stage-plav, esp. of a popular kind, comedy, farce
MMD. I. ii. 6, Lr. v. iii. 90.
intermission: delay Mac. iv. iii. 231, Lr. ii.
iv. 33 ; in Mer.Y. iii. ii. 200 for i. (with stop at
i.), 1 to avoid loss of time, fill up the time.
interpret: used with ref. to the puppet-show
(' motion ') Gent. II. i. 105 0 excellent motion! 0
exeiednig puppet! now will lie i. to her. Ham. in.
ii. 260 / could i. bitwcen you and your lore, if I
could see the puppets dallying. Lucr. 1325 the n/e
I-s to the ear The henry motion that it doth leholct.
interrogatory : = inter'gatory John iii. i. 147.
intertissued(not pre-S.): interwoven H5 iv. i. 282.
intestate : not having made a will ; fig. K3 iv. iv.
128 Any sticceeders nf i. joys (Ff intestine), ' mere
words succeed as next of kin to an empty iii-
lieritance ' (Wright).
intil : dial, for ' into ' Ham. v. i. 79.
intitled : form in old edd. of entitled.
intituled: designated LLL. v. i. 8.
into : unto, to (frecj.) Tp. i. ii. 100 (Warburtou un-
iof), AU'sW. I. iii. 262 pray God's blessing into
thy attempt, Tw.N. v. i. 88, John in. iii. 39,
(?; nntoi), lib J.ii. 102 Look back into your mighty
ancestors, Troil. in. iii. 12, Cym. i. vi. 167 he
enchants societies into him.
intolerahle (loose use): excessive, exceedingly
great Wiv. v. v. 105 i. entrails, 1114 n. iv. 599
[592] /. deal of sack ; also adv. exceedingly Shr.
I. ii. 90 she is intolerable curst.
intrenchant (S.): incapable of being cut Mac. v.
vii. 38 [viii. 9].
intrince (S.); entangled Lr. ii. ii. 80 t'inlrince t'nn-
loose (mod. edd. too tntrinse^). ^ (?) Abbreviated
from next ; cf. liEVEun.
intrinsicate(Eliz.) : intricate Ant. v. ii. 300A)io/i,
intriide : to enter forcibly (S.) Lucr. 848.
inurn'd not pre-S.): interred Ham. i. iv. 49 (Fj
(IIII) n'd, (Ji| m/err'il}.
INVASIVE— 119
invasive: invading Joliu v. i. V3unii8 i.
invectively : with denunciation AYL. ii. i. 58.
invention :
1 puwcr of mental creation or construction, inven-
tiveness, imagination Ado v. i. 2'M if your luie
Can labuur aiKjIit in .sad i., LLL. iv. ii. 130 the
jirks of i., H5i. Clior. L', Otli. ii. ii. l:i5,Ven. Ded. 5
thejirst heir of inij iuk itiioii. [v. i. 345.
2 worli ol'iniagination, literary comjiositionTw.N.
ci device, design, plan Slir. i. i. 194, 1H6 iir. i. 5
III) if. without miintivn, iuddcit!//, Lr. I. ii. 20.
inventorially (S.): in detail Ham. V. ii. 119 (Q^).
invest: to endow, lurnish l'H4 iv. v. 71 lo i. Thar
sons with (iris and martial exi.rci.sis. ^ In Ho iv.
Clior. 26 tlieir ytsiiire sad I imj tank-lean, cluiks
and icar-iiorn coats app. to accompany.
investment (not-pre-S.): pl. clothes 2H4 iv. i. 45,
Ham. I. iii. 128.
invincible : app. error for intisihlef 2H4 in. ii.340.
invis'd (S.j: app. invisible Compl. 212.
invisible: CO subtle Ant. ii. ii. 220 A slrani/e i.
juiftunc ; (?) secret Cyni. IV. ii. 177 ani. inslniil.
invitation: inducement, allurement Wiv. i. iii. 48.
inviting: attractive, alluring Otli. ii. iii. 24.
inward : adj. familiar with R3 in. iv. 8 ]Vho is most
i. with the noble diilce ; private, secret Ado iv. i.
\2aHj] i. iuijiediment, LLL. v. i. 105/. beticeeniis; —
adv. inwardly, internally Mer.V. in. ii. 86 [Her-
cules and Mars] i.searclt'd, hate liters while as null,,
Ham. IV. iv. 28 the inipostlntine . . , That i. bnal,s,
Sonn. Ixii. 4, so grounded i. in my heart ; — sb.
intimate friend Meas. lii. ii. 142.
inwardness: close friendship Ado iv. i. 247.
ire, ireful: not used in the ])roso parts. [261.
Ireland: 3 syll. in 2H6i. i. 195, iii. i.329, H8 iii. ii.
Iris : in Greek mythology, the goddess who acted
as messenger of tl;e gods and displayed as her
sign, or appeared as, the rainbow; (hence,
allusively) messenger 2H6 in. ii. 407 I'll hate an
Ins that shall find thee out ; used for 'rrtinbow'
Troil. I. iii. 380 bine Iris ; an appearance likened
to a rainbow AH'sW. i. iii. 160 That this dis-
teiiipcr'd incssenijer of wet, The maiiy-colour'd Iris,
rounds thine eije (cf. Lucr. 1586).
iron (usu. two syll.; one syll. iu John iv. i. 120,
IV. ii. 194, K3 v. iii. Ill)
1 the metal of which arms and armour are made ;
hence (i) offensive weapons Ado v. i. 257, 1H6
IV. iii. 20 ; (ii) sword Tw.N. iv. i. 4.3, K3 v. iii.
Ill, Troil. n. iii. 18 ; (iii) armour 2H4 i. i. 150,
Ant. IV. iv. 3.
2 used to symbolize hardness of heart MND. n. i.
196, 3H6 II. ii. 139, H8 in. ii. 425 ; hence as adj.
= harsh, cruel, merciless John iv. i. 00 this iron
ai/c, 1H4 n. iii. 53 iron wars, Rom. iv. v. 127 an
iron lilt (]iunningly), Tim. in. iv. 85f(U iron heart.
iron-witted : harsh-minded, unfeeling R3iv. ii.28.
irreconcil'd (notpre-8.) not atoned forH5iv.i.lC2.
irrecoverable: not to be recovered or redeemed
2H4 II. iv. 360.
irregular: lawless John v. iv. 54, 1H4 i. i. 40,
in. ii. 27 ; so irregulous l^.) Cym. iv. ii. 315.
irreligious: believing in a false religion Tit. v.
iii. 121-.
ise : sec Ice.
issue sb. (tlie usual S. meanings are ' offspring,
progeny' and 'event, result, consequence '; 1 is
notpre-S.; 2 is peculiar to S.)
1 oiitcoine, product (o/ a practice or conditiun:
Air.sW. II. i. 109, Jolm ni. iv. 21 the i. of your
p(ai:e, Troil. II. ii. 89, Lr. i. i. 18.
2 action, deed Meas. i. i. 36/i(f i-.s-, Cws. in. i. 294
The cruel i. of these bloody men, Cym. u. i. 53.
3 fortune, luck Ant. i. ii.'lOl better isiuc.
—JACKANAPES
4 outcome or upshot of an argument, evidence,
&c.; (hence) conclusionOth. in. iii. 219 //rower i-s.
5 (orig. legal use) matter ripe for decision, point at
which decision becomes possible John 1. 1. 38, 113
v. i. 178 I'll put it to the issue, Roni. iv. i. 05, Mac.
V. iv. 21 But certain issue strokes must arbitrate.
issue vb.: to shed tears (8.) H5 iv. vi. 34.
issiied: born, descended Tp. i. ii. 59 A princess, —
no worse issued, 1H6 v. iv. 38.
issuing: pouring or gushing out 3H6 ii. vi. 82 the
i. blood. Tit. n. iv. 30 three issuing spouts.
it (cf. HIT ; 1 arose in the 16th cent.)
1 very freq. with intransitive verbs as a kind of
vague object, e.g. Tp. i. ii. 379 Foot itfeatly, Slir.
I. ii. 75 to wire if, in. ii. 254 to bride it, 115 v. ii.
130 to mince if, H8 n. iii. 37 to queen if, Mac. n.
iii. 20 detil-porterit, Cym. in. iii. 85 to prince it.
2 = there Gent. IV. iv. 12 For 'tis no trusting to yvnd
foolish lout.
3 =itsTp. II. i. 170o//i;o«)( A7)i</(Ffi2; Ffni '/.v),
Rom. i. in. 52 (^ had u/iun it hiadabiuiiji ((Jq Ffi ■. ;
Ffsi its), Lr. I. iv. 237 it had it head bit ojf by it
young.
iterance: iteration Otii. v. ii. 148 (Qq iteration).
'W Not pre-S.; taken up by mod. writers.
its: not pre-Eliz.; in S. much less freq. than his
(q. v.), but about as freq. as rr (see sense 3) ;
used absol. (S.) once HS i. i. 18 till the last [day]
Made former wonders its.
itself: once in tmesis Cym. in. iv. 160 Woman it
pretty si If.
iwis: certainly, assuredly Shr. i. i. 62, R3 i. iii. 102,
I'er. II. Gower 2. ^ Often spelt / wis and er-
roneously understood as = I know.
Jack, jack :
1 familiar l>y-fijrm of the name 'John'; hence a
generic proper name for any man of the common
people; T^ro\t:ib Jack shall hate Jilt MKD. in. ii.
401 ; so LLL. v. ii. 883 ; in Shr. iv. i. 51 a quibble
is intended (see sense 7).
2 low-bred or ill-mannered fellow, ' knave ' Mer. V,
III. iv. 77 bragging J-s, Shr. n. i. 159, 282 [290] a
siteariiiy J., 1H4 in. iii. 98 the prince is a J.,
a sneak-cup, R3 i. iii. 53, 72 Hince etery J. became
a gentleman, Rom. n. iv. 161, in. i. 12, Ant. in.
xi. [xiii.] 93, 103 ; see also sense 8.
3 play the Jack, play the knave, do a mean trick
Tp. IV. i. 198, Ado i. i. 192.
4 figure of a man which strikes the bell on the out-
side of a clock R3 iv. ii. 113, Tim. in. vi. 118.
5 in the virginal, an upright piece of wood fixed
to the key-lever and fitted with a quill which
plucked the string as the jack rose when the key
was pressed down Sonn. cxxviii. 5 Howofl. . . Lo
lenty those j-s that nimble leap To kiss the tender in-
wariioftliyhaiid, 13; usu. explained here as -key.
6 i u bowls, a smaller bowl placed as a mark to aim
at Cym. ii. i. 2.
7 measure for drink, j pint Shr. rv. i. 51 Be the J-s
fair tiithin, the Jills fair without (cf. 1).
8 attrib. as a kind of proper name or nickname,
used in contempt Wiv. i. iv. 122 / till kill de .lack
priest, ir. iii. 05 Hcurty jack-dog priest ! , Cym. n. i.
23 Fiery Jack-slate.
Jack-a-lient : figure of a man set up to be pelted,
an ancient form of the sport of Aunt Sally prac-
tised during Lent; hence fig. (1) butt for every
one to throw at Wiv. \. v. 137 ; (2) puppet, con-
temptible person Wiv. in. iii. 27.
jackanapes {a.\HOJackanape, jark'nape)
1 ape 115 v. ii. 147 sit like a j., neur off.
JACK O' THE CLOCK —
120
- JOINDEB
2 pelt, conceited fellow, coxcomb Wiv, iv. iv. 67,
All's W. III. V. 85, Cyiu. ii. i. 4.
Jack o' the clock : ? cf. jack 4, K2 v. v. 60.
Jack-sauce : saucy Jack H5 iv. vii. 147.
jade si I.:
1 ' bony,' ill-conditioned horse Meas. ii. i. 276 [2G9]
let carman whip his jade, H5 iv. ii. 46, Ham. iii.
ii. 256 let the (jailed jade wince ; vicious liorse
(allusively) Ado i. 1. 161 You always end with a
jade's trick, Slir. I. ii. 252 yive him head : I know
'he'll prove a jade, All'sW. iv. v. 64, Troil. ii. i. 21.
2 term of contempt for a woman Shr. ii. i. 202, H6
HI. vii. 66 ; applied to men John ii. i. 385.
jade vb. (not pre-S. ; 2 a 17th cent, sense)
1 lit. to make a jade of (a liorse), hence, to ex-
liaust, weary Ant. iii. i. 34.
2 to befool Tw.N. ii. v. 180* to let vnar/ination jade
me, H8 iii. ii. 281* To be thus jaded hij a piece of
scarlet.
jaded: (?) regarded with contempt 2H0 iv. i. 52*
(Q'l j'tdy).
jady : see prcc. word.
jang°le: to dispute, wrangle LLL. n. i. 223, MND.
III. ii 353.
Janus : ancient Italian deity represented with two
faces looking in opposite directions Mer.V. i. i.
50.
Jar sb. (1 a IGtli cent, use ; 2 only S., cf. jar vb. 2)
1 discord in music AYL. ii. vii. 5 If he, compact of
jars, grow musical.
2 tick (of the clock) Wint. i. ii. 43 / love thee not a
jar o' the clock behind Wliat lady she her lord.
jar vb. (2 cf. JAR sb. 2)
1 to make a musical discord, be out of tune Gent.
IV. ii. 68, Shr. iii. i. 40 the treble jars ; in tig. con-
text Shr. V. ii. 1 our jarrinrj notes uijree, All'sW.
I. i. 188 Ills jarring concord, 2H6 I'l. i. 57 ^Yhen
such strings jar, Lr. iv. vii. 16 The imtun'd and
I'lrring senses.
2 to cause (a watch) to tick R2 v. v. 51.
jaiincesb. : = jaunt sb. Rom. it. v. 26 (Qqas iauncc, Ff
Q<j 4 5 iaunt, jannt). T] Perhaps only a misprint
for iaunle ; recorded otherwise only as in mod.
Sussex dial.
jaunce vb. (in 2 Q123 iaunsing, Ff Qq^s jaunt-,
laiinling)
1 to fatigue a horse R2 v. v. 94.
2 to run to and fro Rom. 11. v. 53.
jaunt sb. : running up and down or to and fro,
' trotting' or trudging about Rom. 11. v. 26 ; so
jaunt vb. Rom. 11. v. 53 ; cf. jaunce sb. and vb.
jay: llasliy or light woman Wiv. 111. iii. 44, Cym.
III. iv. 51 Some jay of Italy . . . hath hetray'd him.
jealous (in old edil. often spelt iealious, a freq. Ki-
17tli cent, spelling, which does not, liowever, al-
ways denote 3 syll. ; 1 survives extensively in
mod. dial, use)
1 suspicious, careful or watchful H5 iv. i. 305/. of
your absence, Rom. 11. ii. 181.
2 suspicious, apprehensive of evil Gent. iii. i. 28,
AYL. II. vii. 151, Shr. iv. v. 76, Ca-s. I. ii. 71 be
not j. on ( = of ) me, Lr. v. i. 56 /. . . . as the stung
Are of the adder; with clause Otb. in. iv. 184,
Ven. 321 J. af ra/rhim/ (leariiig to be caught).
3 doubtful, mistrustful Tw.N. iv. iii. 27, Ones. 1. ii.
161 Ttiiil i/Dii do lire uic, lam iiulhitig jealous.
jealous-liood: so i>riritcil in Ft of Itom. iv. iv. 13
and taken =; jealousy [' liood ' being the suffix
forming abstract nouns] ; but earlier odd. have
jealous hood, where liood may be used typically =
Woman, or possibly with allusion to the use of
llie liood as a disguise for a spy.
jealousy: suspicion, appndiension of evil, mistrust
Ado 11. ii. 5U.;. shall be called assurance, Tw.N. in.
iii. Sj. what might befall your travel, 2H4 liid. 16,
115 II. ii. 126, Ham. 11. i. 113 beshrew my j.'., iv. v.
19 (' Guilt is so full of suspicion that it unskilfully
betrays itself in fearing to be betrayed ').
jennet, gennet : small Spanish horse 0th. i. i. 114,
Yen. 200.
jerk : short, sharp, witty speech, sally LLL. iv. ii.
130 tlie jerks of invention. ^ A freq. 17th cent. use.
jerkin : close-litting jacket often made of leather,
worn by men in the 16th and 17th cent. Troil.
III. iii. 269 A plague of opinion! a man may ivear
it on both sides, like a leather jerkin.
Jerusalem. : Paradise 3H6 v. v. 8.
jesses : short straps of leather, silk, or other
material fastened round the legs of a trained
hawk 0th. in. iii. 261.
jest sb. (the meaning 'object of ridicule' AViv. in.
iii. 161 is not pre-S.)
1 merriment, jocosity Ham. v. i. 203.
2 frolic, prank, practical joke MND. in. ii. 239 hold
the sweet jest up.
jest vb. (occas. use) : (a) to amuse oneself, make
merry, (b) to act in a masque or play R2 i. iii. 95*.
jet': to walk pompously, strut, stalk, swagger
Tw.N. n. V. 36 jets ttnder liis advanced plumes,
Cym. III. iii. 5, Per. i. iv. 26.
jet^ (cf. JUT) : to encroach \ipon Err. 11. ii. 28 Your
snuciness will jet f iipon my love (Fi test), R3 u. iv.
51 tyranny begins to jet (Ff lull, jut) Upon tlie . . .
throne. Tit. 11. i. 6i to jet (Qq iet, Ff set) upon a
prince's right.
Jew : phr. a Jew's eye, a proverbial expression for
something valued highly Mer.V. 11. v. 43 There
will come a Christian by. Will be worth a Jewes eye
(mod. edd. alter Pope Jewess'^).
jig sb. (3 cf. t'otgr. s.v. 'Farce,' 'the lyg at the
endofaiiEnteriude, whereinsomepreticknauerie
is acted ')
1 lively, rapid kind of dance Ado 11. i. 79 hot and
hasty, like a Scotch jig, Tw.N. i. iii. 140 My very
walk should be a jig ; music for sucli a dance, rapid,
lively dance-tune LLL. iv. iii. 168 to tune a jig.
2 (?) lively, jocular ballad Sonn. Music iii. 9 [Pilgr.
253].
3 lively, comic, or farcical performance given at
the end or in an interval of a play Ham. 11. ii.
630 [522] he's for a jig or a tale of bawdry ; so jig-
niakcr in. ii. 133.
jig vb. (not pre-S.)
1 to sing as a jig LLL. m. i. 12 (Fj ligge).
2 to move with a rapid jerky motion Hani. in. i.
152 goujigf, you amble iQfigig, Fi gidge).
jigging : '(J«s. rv. iii. IS& these j. fools, 'those fool-
ish writers of doggerel ' (Wright) ; cf. jig sb. 2, 3.
Jill (old edd. also Gill): short for 'Gillian,' i.e.
Julian, and used (in conjunction with Jack)
generically = a lass LLL. v. ii. 883, MND. in.
ii. 461, Shr. iv. I. 62.
Joan (old edd. lone, loane) : generic name for a
female rustic LLL. in. i. 215 [207] Some men must
love my lady, and some J., v. ii. 928, John 1. i. 184
110)0 can I make any Joan a lady.
Jockey: pet form of ' Jock,'— ■ Jack ' R3 v. iii.
;!0.") Jiirhi // ((/■ Norfolk.
John-a-dreams : dreamy fellow Ilam. n. ii. 603
1695].
join : = 'join battle ', conic toKcther incondict 1H4
V. i. 85, 3116 I. i. 16, R3 v. iii. 313 ; pass. Ant. iv.
-N. Ufxii. 1].
joinder: joining, union Tw.N. v. i. 161 Confirm' d
by mutual j. of your hands. ^ Not pre-S. in the
gen. sense; as a legal term it meant 'the coupling
of two in a suite or .action against auoihcr'
(Cowcll, 1607).
JOZNTBESS
121
-KEEP
jointress (not pre-S.) ; widow who holds a join-
ture, dowager Ham. i. ii. 9.
joint-ring' (not pre-S.) : finger-ring made in separ-
able lialves, gimmal-ring Uth. iv. iii. 74.
joint-stool (old edd. nearly always ioyn'd-sioole or
ioyn-stooh) : stool made by a joiner as distin-
guished trom one of rough make Shr. ii. i. 199,
1H4 II. iv. 423, '2H4 ii. iv. 2G9, Kom. I. v. 7.
jole: see jowl.
jollity : finely Sonn. Ixvi. 3 nolUing trimm'd inj.
jolt-h.ead : blockhead lient. in. i. 2y2, Shr. iv.i.l69.
Jordan : eliaraber-pot 1H4 ii. i. 22.
joiirnal: daily, diurnal Meas. iv. iii. 93 Ere twice
the sun Until made Ins j. greeting, Cym. iv. ii. 10
Stick to your Journal course. [2(3.
journey-bated: wearied with travel lH4iv. iii.
journeyman :jised depreciatively = one who is
not a master of his trade Ham. iii. ii. .38.
Jovial: of Jupiter Cyni. v. iv. 105 Our J. star;
Jove-like, majestic iv. ii. 311 his J. face. ^ The
meaning 'meny, jolly' (Mac. iii. ii. 28 Be bright
andjoiial among your guests) is derived from this
through the astrological use, Jupiter as a natal
planet being regarded as the source of joy and
happiness.
jowl, jole : cheek ; sec cheek.
jowl, joul, mod. edd. joU : to dash, knock All'sW.
I. iii. 60 they may j. horns together. Ham. v. i. 82
how the knnie jowls it to the ground. Tj ' To jowl
a person's head against the wall ' is a threat
common to the northern and midl. dial.
joy sb. : [v. i. 80.
1 take joy, be pleased or glad AYL. iv. i. 92, Wint.
2 source or object of gladness MKD. n. i. 21 she . . .
makes him all her joy, AIl'sAV. i. iii. 78, Tit. I. i.
382 young Mutitts . . . that teas thy joy.
3 term of endearment for a sweethe;irt or child,
darling MN'D. iv. i. 4 my gentle joy, Lr. i. i. 84
yoir, our joy. Although our lust, not least, Ant. i.
v. !>8 In Egypt with his joy.
joy vb.:
1 to gladden, delight R3 i. ii. 220 it joys me, Cym.
v. v. 425 Joy'd are we. Per. i. ii. 9.
2 to enjoy R2 v. vi. 26, 2H(5 iii. ii. 3G5, R3 ii. iv. 59,
Tit. II. "iii. 83. [conim.).
Judean: 0th. v. ii. 346 (Fi ; others Indian; see
judge: to think, suppose Gent. i. ii. 136 although
yoHJ. I wink. III. i. 25 when they hare j-d me fast
asleep, 2HC III. ii. 07 It may be judg'd I made the
duke anay,
judgement (2 was a 17tli cent, use)
1 in my j.'.s place Sonn. cxxxi. 12 = in myj. Gent.
IV. iv. 158, R3 III. iv. 43 (Qq tn mine opinion), to
myj. Lr. I. iv. 62.
2 competent critic, 'judge ' Troll, i. ii. 205 one o"
the soundest jwlgemcnts in Troy (Q).
judicious: (?) judicial Cor. v. v. [vi.] 128 J. hearing,
Lr.ui.iy.l'i* J. punishment. ^ 'Judicial' is not S.
Jug: pet-form of, or familiar substitute for, the
feminine name Joan, applied to a homely woman,
a maidservant, or a mistress Lr. i. iv. 247 Whoop,
Jug! I lore thee.
jump sb.: hazard, venture Ant. ni. viii. 6 our for-
tune lies Upon this jump. ^ Cf. jump vb. 2.
jump vb. (unexplained in Wint iv. iii. [iv.] 195)
1 to agree, tally, coincide Mer.V. ii. is. 32./. with
common spirits, Shr. i. i. 194 meet andj. in one,
Tw.X. V. i. 262 cohere a)id j., 1H4 I. ii. 78 itj-s
with my htimour, R3 in. i. 11.
2 to hazard, risk (S.) Mae. i. vii. 7 We'd j. the life
to come, Cym. v. iv. 187 j. the after inquiry on
your own peril ; (by extension) to apply a des-
perate remedy to Cor. in. i. 153* Toj. a body with
a dangerous physic (conj. vamp\, tmpf).
jump adv.: exactly, precisely Ham. i. i. G5 /. at
this dead hour m just), v. ii. 389, 0th. ii. iii. 395
bring him jump when he may Cassiofind.
junkets: sweetmeats Shr. in. ii. 251.
jure: used contextually in connexion with jaror,
as if=make jurors of you 1H4 ii. ii. 101.
justsh.: tilting match K2 v. n.52j-s and triumphs.
just adj. :
1 lionourable, faithful Caes. ni. ii. 91 He was my
frie>id, fnitliful and just to me-
2 exact Ado ii. i. 377, Mer.V. iv. i. 328 a j. pound,
2H4 IV. i. 226, R3 in. v. 88 j. computation "(Ff true),
Rom. III. ii. 78 J. opposite, 0th. i. iii. 5, ii. ill. 130.
just adv.: in replies and expressions of assent =
exactly so, just so, right! Meas. in. i. 66, v. i.
196 [2U2], Ado II. i. 29, AYL. iii. ii. 282 Rosalind
IS your loie's name ? — i'es, just, All'sW. ii. iii. 21,
H5 III. vii. 163, Tit. iv. ii. 24 0.' 'tis a verse m
Horace . . . — Ay just, a verse in Horace.
just-ljome : carried in a just cause John ii. i. 345.
justice: do (a person) JH.s-^/ce, drink to his health
0th. II. iii. 91.
justicer: judge, magistrate Lr. in. vi. 24 (Qn
iustice, mod. edd. j!(s^(ff)t), 59, iv. ii. 79 (corrected
Q lusttsers, others Justices), Cym. v. v. 215.
justify :
1 to show to be righteous, innocent, or in the
right, vindicate Meas. v. i. 159 To j. this worthy
nobleman. So vulgarly . . . acciis'd, Wint. i. i. 10,
2H6 II. iii. 16 ; with thing as object Sonn. cxxxix.
1 call not me to justify the wrong.
2 to prove, confinu, verify Tp. v. i. 128 / here
could . . . j. you traitors, Wint. i. ii. 278 say'i and
justify t, H8 I. ii. 6, Cym. n. iv. 79.
3 to acknowledge (that something is true) Per. v.
i. 2\9 justify . . . She is thy very princess. [158.
jnstle: spelling in old edd. of jostle Tp. in. ii. .30, v. i.
justly; the senses 'uprightly', 'rightfully,
deservedly', 'with good reason, properly',
'correctly, truthfully ', ' exactly, jirecisely ' arc
all I'epresenteil.
justness: rightfulness Troil. ii. ii. 119.
jut ': to thrust out Tim. i. ii. 240.
jut ■: = JET - R3 n. i v. 51 (Qq id).
jutty sb.: projecting part of a wall or building
Mac. I. vi. G no jutty, frieze. Buttress.
jutty vb.: to project ueyond, overhang (S.) H5 iii.
i. 13 O'erhang and jutty his confounded base.
Juvenal (not pre-S.: attected or jocular): youth
LLL. I. ii. 8, III. i. 69, MND. ni. i. 100, 2H4 1. ii. 21.
K
Kad : Welshman's pronunciation of ' God ' Wiv. r.
i. 192 So Kad ulge me (Q ; Fi got-udgt).
kam: clean kam, quite wrong Cor. in. i. 302.
kecksy (not pre-S.): local name for umbelliferous
plants with hollow stems (e.g. Cow Parsnip) H5
v. ii. 52.
keech: fat of a slaughtered animal rolled into a
lump ; applied to a butcher's wife 2H4 ii. i. 104,
to Wolsey the butcher's son H8 i. i. 55.
keel: to prevent (a pot) boiling over bj" stirring,
skimming, or pouring in something cold LLL. v.
ii. 928 While greasy Joan doth keel the pot.
keen: bitter, sharp, severe LLL. v. ii. 400, MND.
II. ii. 123, v. i. 54, John in. i. 182, Ham. ni. ii. 262.
keep sb.: keeping, custody Shr. i. ii. 120.
keep vb. (3 freq. in literary use c. 1580-1630)
1 refl. to restrain oneself Gent. iv. iv. 12.
2 to carry on, continue to make Err. in. i. 61 Who
is that at the door that keeps all this noise ?, Tw.N.
II. iii. 79 What a caterwauling do you keep here .'.
KEEPER -
122
- KISSINGCOMFXT
3 to rlwell, live, lodge Mer.V. iit. iii. 19 ihe most
impcnelrahle cur That irer kfpt Pitli men, Troil. iv.
V.277 In wlintphice oftUefiehldntli Calclias k.?, Hair..
II. i. 8 ich(tt Jktmkirs are in I'arix . . . where they k.
keeper : sick nurse Rom. v. iii. 89.
Keisar : old form of ' Kaiser ', emperor Wiv. i. i li. 9.
ken sb. (1 Bourne, 1574, saj-s that a ken is 6 or 9
leagues ; Leland, 153s, has ' a ICenninc, tliat is
to say about a xx miles,' Botoner, lotli cent.,
' quilibet kennyn? continet 21 miliaria ')
1 the distance tliat bounds the range of ordinary
vision, esp. at sea ; about 20 uiiles 2H4 iv. i. 151
within a ken our army lies, Cym. iii. vi. 6 Thou
ii'ast within a ken.
2 sight or view (of a place) 2H6 iii. ii. 113 losinp
k.'of Albion s wished const, Lucr. 1114 oi k. of shore.
ken vb. (occurs thrice ; 3 an affectel use)
1 to descry, see 2Ht) in. ii. 101. [his unit.
2 to recognize Troil. iv. v. 14 / ken the mnnner of
3 to know (a person) Wiv. i. iii. 38.
Kendal green : kind of green woolltn cloth made
at Kendal in Westmoreland 1H4 ii. iv. 250, 2G1.
kennel ' : pick (of dogs) IHG iv. ii. 47.
kennel =: street gutter Slir. iv. iii. 9S, 2H6 tv. i. 71.
kennelled : lodged as in a kennel Ven. 9l:i.
kerchief : cloth used to cover the head, formerly
a female head-dress "Wiv. in. iii. 62, iv. ii. 76;
phr. wear a kerchief, to be ill Ci«s. n. i. 315.
kern(e: liglit-armed Irish foot-soldier, 'a kinde
of footeman, sleightly armed with a sworde, a
targett of woode, or a bow and slieaf of arrows
with barbed lieades, or els 3 dartcs ' (Dymmok,
li')00) Ri ir. i. 157, Mac. i. ii. 30.
kernel : pip, seed Tp. ii. i. 97 (of an apple), All'sW.
n. iii. 276 (of a pomegranate); as the type of
something insignificant Wiiit. i. ii. 160.
kersey : kind of coarse cloth Meas. i. ii. 36 ; as ad.j.
(fig.) plain, homelv LLL. v. ii. 414 honest k. noes.
kettle : short for ' kettle-drum ' (S.) Ham. v. ii. 289.
key : (not recorded before S. in the uuisical senses)
1 in plir. expressive of control or nu\story AllsW.
I. i. 77, H5 n. ii. 95 Thou th,U duU! bear the key of
nil my counsels, 2H6 i. i. 115 These counties ivere (he
keys of Normandy, Mac. in. vi. 18, 0th. iv. ii. 21.
2 scheme or system of tones in which a piece of
music is written, being based on some particular
note(called the key-note) Adoi. i. 194, MN'D. in.
ii. 206; in tig. phr. Err. v. i. 312, MXD. i. i. 18
/ ii'ill wed thee in another key, Mer.V. i. iii. 124,
Troil. I. iii. 53.
3 tool for tuning string instruments Tp. i. ii. 83
(fig.) h(trin;i both the key Of officer and office.
k 3y-cold : cold in death R3 i." ii. 5, Lucr. 1774.
kibe: chapped or ulcerated chilblain on the hocl
Tp. ir. i. 284 [276], Ham. v. i. 152 the toe of Ihe
pdisanf comes so near the heel of the courLiir, he
i/'ills his k. (i.e. is in annoying proximity to him).
kickshaws: fancy dish2*H4 v. 1. 29 a joint of
mutton, and any pretty little tiny kickshaivs ; fig.
trifle Tw.X. i. iii. 12i Art thon yood at these kick-
shawses, kniyht?. ^ Florio, 1598, defines the
Italian ' Carabozzada ' as 'a kinde of daintie dish
or quelque chose vsed iu Italie'; Cotgr., 1611,
the French ' Fricandeau.x' as 'short skinlesse,
and daintie paddings, or Quelkchoses '.
kick 3)y-wlckiS)y: jocular term forawifeAU'sW.
ir. iii. 2i»7 (Fi hickie irickie, Ffoj kicksie wicksie).
kid-fox: (?j (•ul>f(ix (fig.) Ado ii. iii. 45.
kill: kill up = 'kill off' exterminate AYL. ii. i.
62. Tl Cf. Palsgr. ' I kyll up, as one that kj-lleth
tlioresydewe where many have been ky lied afore.'
klllen: arch, infinitive of Kn.L Per. ii.Gower 20.
kin: not pre-S. in tlicpredicativeadj. use =related,
akin .\ll'sW.n. i.41 my sirord and yours are k. ,2lii
II. ii. 122 those that are k. to the kiny, Troil. in. iii.
175 One touch of nature makes the ivhole world k.
kind sb. (the foil, and the sense ' sort, species ' are
all the S. uses ; 1 was common down to about
1600 ; 3 common in the 17tli cent., freq. in S.)
1 natural disposition or character, nature AYL.
IV. iii. 60 thy youth and kind ( = thy youthful
nature), Lucr. 1147 to chanqe their k-s -.—of its
oil n kind, of itself, naturally Tp. ii. i. 170 ; (to his
kind, act according to its nature Ant. v. ii. 263.
2 nature in general or in the abstract, established
order of things Mer.V. i. iii. 86 the deed nf kind ;
phr. by kind, by nature, naturally All'sW. i. iii.
68, Tit. IT. i. 116 ; from kind, contrary to nature
Caes. I. iii. 64.
3 (qualified by a demonstrative or a possessive)
manner, way, fashion Gent. in. i. 90 tn their silent
kind, R2 ii. iii. 143 in this kind to come, in braring
arms, Lr. iv. vi. 167 to use her in that kind.
4 race, class Tp. v. i. 23 One of their kind, (icnt. ii.
iii. 2, M.ND. iv. i. 125 bndoutofthe Spartan kind,
H6 II. i. 80, Tioil. v. iv. 15 that dog of as hud a
kind, C>«s. n. i. 33.
5 family, ancestral stock Per. v. i. G8 Came of a
(/(iillc kindand noble stock.
kind adj.:
1 natural, appropriate, proper Ado i. i. 26 A kind
01 n-jliiir of kindness, Lucr. 1423.
2 favonrable, gracious Tp. in. i. 69 kind event, Tim.
I. ii. 155, Sonn. x. 11.
3 affectionate, loving, fond Err. l. i. 43 kind
eiiibracemcnfs, All'sW. v. iii. 315, 2H6 i. 1. 19 this
kind kiss. Ham. iv. v. 145 the kind , . . pelican,
Compl.186 yVherendthir party isnortrucnor kind.
kindle ': to incite (cf. enkindle) AYL. i. i. 182.
kindle = : to bring forth AYL. in. ii. 362.
kindless : imnatural Ham. n. ii. 617 [609] k. villain!.
kindly adj. (AYL. ii. iii. 53* (a) natural, proper, (b)
agreeable, pleasant ; 2H4 iv. v. 82 k.* tears (a)
natural, not forced, (b) naturally shed for a
f.ither ; cf. sense 2)
1 innate, inherent Tim. n. ii. 227 k. warmth.
2 natural (as belonging to a father) Ado iv. i. 75
fatherly and kindly poieer.
3 apiiropriatc, fitting 1H6 in. i. 131.
4 benign Ant. n. v. 78'* kindly creatures.
kindly adv. (in Lr. i. v. 15 sense 1 witli )ilay on
the more freq. sense of' affectionately ')
1 naturally (as of the same kin) Tp. v. i. 24.
2 easily, naturally, spontaneously Hhr. Ind. i. 66".
3 exactly Rom. ii. iv. 61.
kindness: tenderness, affection, love Ado i. i.
26, Shr. II. i. 77, iv. i. 211 to kill a wife with
kindness, Tw.N. li. i. 42, R:! iv. ii. 22 thy kindness
freezes, Sonn. clii. 9.
kindred: attrib. = (1) of or belonging to relatives
R2 II. i. 18^ guilty of no k. blood {Qqj-i kin(d}red,Fi
kindreds^kindred's), R3 n. ii. 63 our k. iears ; (2)
C02nate John in. iv. 14 any kindred action like to
this (Vikindred-aclion).
kingdom (2 cf. John iv. ii. 246, 2H4 iv. iii. 118)
1 sovereignty R3 iv. ii. 61.
2 little kindred, microcosm 2H4 iv. iii. 118.
kingdoni'd: that is a kingdom in himself Troil. ii.
iii. 187 K. Achilles in commotion rages.
king'd (John n. i. 371 King'df o/=overpowcred by ;
old edd. Kings of)
1 made a king R2 v. v. 36 Then am I king'd again.
2 governed H5 n. iv. 26 so idly king'd.
kirtle : woman's gown, skirt, or petticoat 2H4 n.
iv. 297, IS.inn. Music v. 11 ^ Pilgr. 363].
kiss: Slid (if balls touching, at bowls Cym. li. i. 2.
kissing-comflt : porfumcd sweetmeat for sweet-
ening the breath Wiv. v. v. 22.
KIT
123
-Z.ACK
kit : kitten ; see kite »T. [i. 418.
kitchen: to turnisli with kitchen-fare (S.) Err. v.
kite: rapacious person, also indefinitely as a term
of reproach H5 ii. i.80, Lr. i. iv. 280, Ant. in. xi.
[xiii.] 89. ^ In H5 ii. i. 80 kite of Cresmh kind, ?
reaJ/i(7( = kitten),as in F4, the passage being app.
an echo of Gascoigne's Dan Bartliolomew ' kits
of C'ressides kiiido'. [iii. 67.
knack: trifle, knick-knack MXD. i. i. 34, Shr. iv.
knap: to bite noisily Mer.V. iii. i. 10; to give a
smart blow to Lr. 11. iv. 118.
knave : boy or lad employed as a servant ; male
servant or menial in general Wiv. in. v. 101, 2H4
I. ii. 83, Lr. i. iv. 88, 0th. i. i. 126 n k. 0/ common
line. Ant. v. ii. 3 ; opposed to knit/lit Tw.N. n. iii.
72 [09], John i. i. 243 ; often used vocatively in
addressing o-servant with friendly familiarity
LLL. HI. i. 151 [144] mij yood k. Costard, Cses. iv.
iii. 240 Poor knnie.
knavery: pi. roguish or waggish tricks MND. in.
ii. 34(), AU'sW. l iii. 14. H5 iv. vii. 63. T] Used
for tlie nonce, as a rhyme-word, = tricks of dress
or ornament Shr. iv. "iii. 58.
knee sb. : part of the body used in kneeling or
curtseying; hence, kneeliing, prostration, curt-
sey R2 II. iii. 83, 1H4 iv. iii. 68 nith cap nnd knee,
Cor. V. iii. 57 i'our knees to me.', Tim. iii. vi. 108
Cap and knee slates, iv. iii. 36 yiie them title, knee,
and apprabution, 0th. 11. i. 84.
knee vb. : to bend the knee before Lr. 11. iv. 217.
knit sb. (not pre-S.): knitted work, textiiie Shr.
IV. i. 94.
knit vb. : to tie in or with a knot John iv. i. 42 / k.
mij haiutkerclier about your hroirs ; usil. transf.
or fig. to bind,pin, or unite firm lyorclosely MND.
I. i. 172 that which knitttth snuls ; also knit up (in
various senses) Tp. iii. iii. 89 all k. up In their dis-
tractions, MND. V. i. 194 Thy stones icitli lime and
hair k. up, Rom. iv. ii. 25 III have this knot k. -up.
knob: pimple Ho iii. vi. 112 hubukles, and rohelks,
and knobs {^i\(li irlidkesand knubs. And puniples).
knock vb. : the foil, uses are not recorded before
S. : — to drive by striking Tp. in. ii. 71 k. n nail
into his head;— k. o/f Cyni. v. iv. 198; /•. out 1116
in. i. 83; A-. it (= strike up) H8 i. iv. 108 Ut the
iiiHsic knock it.
knoll: to ring, toll AYL. 11. vii. 114 hells hare k-'d
to church, 121, 2H4 i. i. 'lO^ k-iny a departed friend
(Q toUiny), Mac. v. vii. 79 [viii. 50].
knot sb. (said fig. of the marriage tie, e.g. R3 iv.
iii. 42 ; 2 survives in midl. and south-west dial.)
1 folded anus Tp. i. ii. 224, Tit. in. ii. 4.
2 (iower-bed laid out in fanciful or intricate design ;
hence, any laid-out garden plot R2 m. iv. 46.
3 lump or knob Truil. v. iii. 33.
4 group, band, company Wiv. iv. ii. 126, R3 in.
182, Ofes. III. i. 117 So often shall the knot of us be
calVd. [ii. 61.
knot vb. : to gather into a knot, a cluster 0th. iv.
knot-grass: the plant Polygonum aviculare, hav-
ing small pale-pink flowers, a common weed in
waste ground, an infusion of which was formerly
supposed to stunt the growth MND. ni. ii. 329
you ditarf ; You minimus, of hindering k. made.
knotted: laid out in intricate designs LLL. i. i.
248 thy curious-k. garden ; gnarled Troil. i. iii. 50
knotted oaks.
knotty: gnarled Tp. i. ii. 295, Caes. i. iii. 6 k. oaks.
knotty-pated : thick-headed 1H4 n. iv. 255.
know sb. : knowledge Ham. v. ii. 44 on the ricir and
know of these contents (Ff ; Qq knowing).
know vi). : hate known (together), have been ac-
quainted (S.) Ant. II. vi. 83, Cym. i. iv. 38 ; more
known, better acquainted Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] OG ;
be not you knnirn on't, have no knowledge of it
0th. I'n. iii. 320 (Ff acknnimU) ; know for, be
aware of 2H4 i. ii. 5 ; know of, ascertain from
Meas. i.iv. 8, MND. i. i. G8, Lr. v. i. 1, 0th. v. i.ll7.
knowing (2 is peculiar to S.)
1 knowledge Tim. in. ii. 75 in 3Iy k.. Ham. v. ii. 44
(Qq) on the view and k. of these contents, Cym. i.
iv. 31 gentlemen of your k., n. iii. 102.
2 e.xperience Mac. 11. iv. 4 this sore night Hath trifled
former knowings.
knowingly: from experience All'sW. i. iii. 258,
Cym. nr. iii. 46.
knowledge : [of h im.
1 notice Ham. ii. i. 13 Take you . . . some distant k.
2 personal acquaintance Meas. in. ii. 163 Love talks
with better knowledge, AYL. i. ii. 302.
3 consciousness (of what one is) John v. ii. 35, H5
in. vii. 149 so far out of his k. ( = so as to forget
himself), Lr. iv. vi. 292 And noes by wrong imagt-
ixations lose The k. of themselves. Ant. 11. ii. 95.
la: sixth note of the scale LLL. iv. ii. 104, Lr. i. ii.
154.
la: exclamation used to introduce or accompany a
conventional phrase or an address, or to call at-
tention to an emphatic statement Wiv. i. i. 87 I
thank you always with my heart, la ! with my heart,
115 IV. vii. 151 in my conscience, la! ; also La you!
= look you Tw.N. in. iv. 113, Wint. 11. iii. 50;
repeated, as an expression of derision Tim. iii. i.
23 /.((, la, la, la I 'nothing doxibting,' says he?.
label sb. : slip of paper Cym. v. v. 431 ; slip of
paper or parchment for appending a seal to a
document (flg.) Rom. iv. i. 57. ^ The sense
'codicil' is represented in S. in the vb.
label vb. : to add as a ' label ' or codicil Tw. N. i. v.
267 every particle and utensil labelled to my will.
labour sb. : trouble or pains taken Gent. 11. i. 143
take it for your I., R2 v. vi. 41, H5 ill. vi. 170
There's for thy labour.
labour vb. (the ordinary uses are freq.)
1 to endeavour to bring about, work for or with a
view to Ado v. i. 206, Shr. i. i. 119 to L and effect
one thing, R3 i. iv. 256 he would I. my delivtri/.
2 to suffer the pains of childbirth (only fig.) Tim.
III. iv. 8, Otli. 11. i. 127 ; also said of wiiat is
* brought forth ' LLL. v. ii. 520, Troil. iv. iv. 38.
laboured :
1 oppressed with labour John 11. i. 232.
2 highly wrought Per. n. iii. 17.
labouring: heaving, palpitating 2H6 iii. ii. 1(53
the I. heart; rolling or pitching heavily 0th. 11.
i. 190 the labouring bark.
laboursome: laborious, elaborate Ham. i. ii. 59
laboursome petition, Cym. iii. iv. 167.
lace sb. : cord for fastening up the bodice, &c.
Wint. III. ii. 174 cut my lace, 2H6 iv. ii. 50.
lace vb. : to trim with ornamental (gold or silver)
braid Ado ni. iv. 20 l-el with silver ; fig. to streak
or stripe with golden (or other) colour Rom. ni.
V. 8 envious streaks Do I. the severing clouds, Mac.
II. iii. 119 His silver skin l-'d icith his golden blood,
Cym. n. ii. 22 iihile and azure l-'el with blue of
heaven's own tinct ; to trick out, adorn Sonn.
Ixvii. 4 That sin . , . should . . . I. itself with hissociety.
laced mutton: strumpet Gent. i. i. 102.
lack (1 sui-vives in the gerund 'lacking')
1 to be wanting Tit. iv. ii. 44 Here l-s but your
mother for to say amen, Hani. i. v. 186 what so poor
a man . . . 3Iay do . . . shall not I. ; Ham. i. iv., 3
(/ l-s of twelve ( = is not yet twelve o'clock).
I.ACK —
124 - ZaABGELY
2 (with cannot) to do or go without AYL. iv. i. 188 ,
hence, to perceive the absence of, miss (S.) Cor.
IV. i. 15 I shall be lov'd iihen J am l-'d, Mac. lii. iv.
Si, 0th. III. iii. 319, Ant. i. iv. 44 Comes deat'd by
htiHij Idck'd.
lack-: S. is the first to make extensive use of this
to form compounds : — lack-beard Ado v. i. 200,
-brain 1H4 li. iii. 19, -linen (= sliirtless) 2H4 ii.
iv. 132, -love MND. ii. ii. 77, -luslre AYL. n. vii.
21. [59.
'lack interj. : alas ! only in Cyni. iv. ii. 374, v. iii.
lackey s)). : running footman AU'sW. iv. iii. :>27.
lackey, lacqueyt vb. : to follow closely (like a
hickey) Ant. i. iv. 4t) Goes to and back, lackeyinijf
the iiiri/inr/ tide (Ff lackinr;),
lade : to empty as by baling 3H0 iii. ii. 139.
lading": cai-go Mer.V. in. i. 3, Tit. i. i. 72.
lady (the Virgin Maiy is usually called oitr Lndij,
occas. God's lady Rom. ii. v. G3 ; see also by'k
LADY and LAKIN)
1 wife Wiv. III. iii. 54, MND. ii i. 64, 2H6 ii. i. 177,
Cym. I. vi. 160 A I. to the worthiest sir.
2 proper name given to female hounds 1H4 in. i.
240 Lady, my brach, Lr. i. iv. 125 Lady the brach.
3 attrib. = ladylike, feminine 1H4 i. iii. 46 holiday
and I. terms. Ant. v. ii. 164 some I. trifles ; — lady
she, woman of rank Wint. i. ii. 44.
lady, lady: burden common to certain ballads
Tw.N. II. iii. 87, Rom. ii. iv. 152.
lady-bird : sweetheart, dear Rom. i. iii. 3.
lady-smock : cuckoo-flower, Cardamine pratensis
l.LL. V. ii. 903 ludy-smocks all silver-wliite.
lagt sb. (Rowe, 1709, and later edd.): lowest class
Tim. in.vi.91 (old edd. %(.'/e, conj. taf/f). ^ ' Lag '
is not found elsewhere with this meaning.
lag" adj. : late R3 ii. i. 91 came too tag to see him
burial ; — lag of, behind, later than Lr. i. ii. C.
lag"-end: latter part, fag-end 1H4 v. i. 24.
lag'g'ing' : tardy R2 i. iii. 214 Four lagging tointcrs.
lakin [ = ladv-kin] : byr i. = by'k lady Tp. in. iii.
I. MND. lii. i. 14.
lanib and lambkin are used as terms of endear-
ment : Troil. iv. iv. 23, Rom. i. iii. 3 ; 2H4 v. iii.
119.
lamentable: of sorrow John in. i.^lthnt I. rheum.
Latnmas-eve (Rom. i. iii. 17), 'day before ^anunas-
tide I Rom. i. iii. 15), which is August 1,
lamp (2 now only a slang sense)
1 torch Tp. rv. i. 23 Hymen's lamps.
2 pi. the eyes Err. v. i. 'ill My toasting l-s. Yen. 489
Vfere never four such l-s together mix'd.
lampass : disease incident to horses, consisting
in a swelling of the fleshy lining of the roof of
the mouth behind tlie front teeth Shr. ill. ii. 63.
lance, lanch :
1 to pierce R3 iv. iv. 225 Whose hands soever l-'d
their tinder hearts (Ff lanch'd, Rowe lanced), Lr.
II. i. 54 Vi'ith lus pn pared sivord . . . l-'d mine
arm (Q.j lanrht or htunclit, Ff latch'd).
2 to cut surgically R2 i. iii. 303 l-cth not the sore (Ff
Qr,lancefh, Qi launceth, Qq^u la{u)nchetlt). Ant. v.
i. 36 lie do I. Diseases (Ff launch, Pope launcc).
land: applied to the human body John iv. ii. 245
this fleshly I., Lucr. 439 the heart of all her I.
T In Tp. IV. i. 130, LLL. v. ii. 310 land is taken
by some to be laund, but it is to be noticed that
in both passages it is used for the sake of rhyme
(rommiind, hand).
land-carrack : (?) coasting vessel (cf. carrack)
0th. I. ii. 50. ^ There is prob. a rcf. to the slang
sense of ' strumpet', for which 'land-frigate ' was
also used.
land-damn*: (?) to make a liell on earth for (a
jiLTbon; Wint. ii. i. 142 ; many conj. and inter-
pretations. TI The alleged survival of the word
in dialects, with the sense ' to abuse witli ran-
cour', appears to be imperfectly authenticated.
land-fish: unnatural creature (app. literally, a tish
that lives on land) Troil. in. iii. 266.
land-raker : see foot-laxd.
land-service : military, as opposed to naval, ser-
vice ; used humorously in Wint. iii. iii. 96, and
2H4 1, ii. 165 ('my counsel, learned in land-seiTice
of this kind ').
lan^uag'e : power of speech Tp. n. ii. 89 here is that
ithiiii Hill give I. to you, cat ; ability to speak a
foreign tongue AU'sW. iv. i. 75 / shall lose my
life fur nil lit of Iniiguiuje.
langiiishing'v'bl.sb.: pi. lingeringdisease AU'sW.
I. iii. 237 ; so the ppl. adj. = lingering Cym. i. v. 9.
lank: to become shrunken (S.) Ant. i. iv. 71.
lanthom : window-turret Rom. v. iii. 84.
lap: to wrap R3 ii. i. 116, Mac. i. ii. 55 lapp'd in
proof, Cym. v. v. 361.
Iiapland: the fabled home of witches andmagicians
Krr. IV. iii. 11 Lapland sorcerers.
lapse sb.: ftiU from rectitude All'sW. ii. iii. 170.
lapse vb. (not pre-S. ; 2 there was a 17th cent.
sense ' to let slip ' of whicli this may be an early
instance with inverted construction) [vi. 12.
1 to fall into sin (by lying) Cor. v. ii. 19, Cym. in.
2 (?) Ham. in. iv. 107 l-'d in time and passion,
' having sutfered time to go by and passion to
cool '(J.).
Ti In Tw.N. III. iii. 36 (?) to pounce upon as an
offender, apprehend ; prob. associated with
' laps ' in the phr. 'fall into the laps of =come
within the power of.
lapwing": peewit; always with allusion to its
habits, e.g. its wilinessin dmwingaway a visitor
from its nest, its supposed habit of running about
when newly hatched with its liead in the shell
Meas. I. iv. 32, Err. iv. ii. 27, Ado in. i. 24, Ham.
V. ii. 193.
lard (orig. a cookeiy tenu) [iii. 12.
1 to fatten 1H4 ii. ii. 120 l-s the lean earth, Tim. iv.
2 to intersperse or enrich (speech) with particular
words, &c. Wiv. r\'. vi. 14 The mirth ... so l-cd
with my matter, Troil. v. i. 63 teit l-ed tciilt malice,
Ham. V. ii. 20.
3 to garnish H5 rv. vi. 8, Ham. iv. v. 38.
larg"e (for S. uses other than those given below
tlie mod. synonyms would for the most part be
'extensive,' ' for-reaching,' or 'wide,' i-ather
than 'great,' 'big')
1 liberal, generous, bountiful, lavish 2H6 i. i. 112
whose large style Agrees not nith tlie leanness of liis
purse, IV. vii. 76, Lr. i. i. 64 our largest bounty.
2 pompous Lr. i. i. 187 your large speeches.
3 free, unrestrained Mac. in. iv. 11 Be I. in mirth ;
(in a bad sense) licentious, gross Ado n. iii. 217
[206] I. jests, IV. i. 52, Rom. n. iv. 105 (with play
on the literal sense), Ant. in. vi. 93 large In his
abominations.
4 as sb. John n. i. 101 Tin's little abstract doth con-
tain that large 'n'liich died in Geffrey.
5 at large, (i) in full size AYL. v. iv. 176 .1 land
itself at I., Troil. i. iii. 346 The baby figure of the
giant mass Of things to come at 1.: (ii) at length, in
full, fully ficnt. ni. ii. 61 you, nith Silvia may con-
fer at 1., MND. v. i. 153 At I. discourse, H6 i. i. 78
^Yhil■h I have open'd to his Grace at 1., 1 H6 i. i. 109 ;
(iii) as a whole, in general, altogether LLL. I. i.
154. 115 n. iv. 121 in grant of all demands at large,
large-handed : t^rasping (S.) Tim. iv. i. 11 '.
largely: bountifully, copiously, abundantly Wiv.
II. ii. 211, "2114 I. iii. 12, 1'er. I. iv. 53 ; at length, in
full Ado v. iv. 09 I'll tell i/ou I. of fair Hero's death,
I.ABGX:SS -
125
— I.AY. . . ABOASD
larg'ess : liberal bestowal of gifts, free giftof money
Shr. I. ii. 154, H5 n'. Chor. 43, Mac. ii. i. 14 ;
lavish expenditure R2 i. iv. 44.
laroone (old edd.), larron (mod. edd.) : robber
Wiv. I. iv. 71. i] The French ' larron ', which is
found in the anglicized forms 'laroun' (14th
cent.), ' larroon ' and ' laron ' (17th cent.).
larnm (mod. edd. 'larum) :
1 call to arms, battle cry Shr. i. ii. 210 in a pitched
batlle heard Loud lurHtiis, Cor. i. iv. it.
2 tumultuous noise Tit. i. i. 147 icitli loud l-s wel-
cnme them to Koine.
n uneasy condition Wiv. in. v. 75 I. ofjealonsif.
larum-bell: alarm-bell 2H4 iir. i. 17. [Alas).
las, 'las (I7th cent, form) : alas 0th. v. i. Ill (Ff
lash : to scourge, castigate Err. ii. i. 15' hendstrotuj
lihirty IS InsU'iOvith woe. [138.
lass-lorn : for.saken by one's sweetheart Tp. iv. i.
last: lust morning, yesterday morning (jent. ii. i.
88 ; the last, (1) the conclusion, end Tp. i. ii. 170
hear the last (if our sea-sorrow, Goes. in. ii. 12 Be
patient till the last. Ant. v. ii. 336 Bravest at the
last; Mac. v. vii. 01 [viii. 32] try the last*, (?) go
to the utmost lengthsof venture ; (2) the last time
(S.) All'sW. v. iii. 79; at the last (e.g. Shr. v. i.
130) in the same senses as at last, but less freq. ;
in the last (S.), in tlie end, finally Cor. v. v. [vi.]
42 ; (one's) last = la.st time, last breath Tp. in. iii.
bO I will stand to and feed. Although mij last, R2
11. i. 1 breathe my last, Tim. in. Vi. 101 This is
Timon's last, Compl. 108 'It is thy last.'
lasting': contextually = everlastiiig (freq.) Tp. v.
i. 208 set it down With gold on lastimj pttlars.
latch : to catch Lr. ll. i. 54 With his prepared sword
he . . , latch'd mine arm (Qq la(,H)ncht) ; to catch
or receive the sight or sotnid of Mac. iv. iii. 195
Where hearing should not I. them, Sonn. cxiii. 0
For it no form delners to the Iieart Of bird, of
flower, or shape, which it doth I. ; to catch and
hold fast as by a charm or spell MND. in. ii. 36
hast thou yet l-'d the Athenian's eyes With the lovc-
jnice ?.
late adj. (the superlative latest usu. = last LLL. v.
ii. 795 iVo«', at the l-st minute of the hour, 2H4 iv.
v. 181 the very l-st counsel That ever I shall breathe,
0th. I. iii. 28 To have that latest which concerns
him first ; absol. Tim. iv. ii. 23 The l-st of my wealth)
1 performed at a late hour H8 v. i. 13.
2 recent in date, recently made, completed, per-
formed, appointed Tp. v. i. 145 the like loss.— As
great to me, as /. JJ^j^vi. 1 the l-st news we hear,
US It. ii. Gl the iTcommissioners, H8 ii. i. 147 of
late days, Mac. i. vi. 19 the I, dignities heap'd up to
them, Lr. iv. v. 24 at her late being here.
late adv.: recently, of late, lately Tp. v. i. 113 to
abuse me, As I. I have been, MND. v. i. 53 I. de-
ceased, Tw.N. V. i. 225 but so I. a/jo, R3 in. i. 99
Too I. he died that might have kept that title. Ant.
IV. i. 13 those that servd Mark Antony butl.; with
ppl. adjs. 1H4 II. iii. 64 Like bubbles in a l.-dis-
turbed stream, 1H6 in. ii. 82 this l.-betray'd town,
Tit. I. i. 184 our l.-deceased emperor's sons, Ven.
818 Gazing upon a l.-embarked friend, Lucr. 1740
(( late-sack'd island.
lated : belated Mac. in. iii. 6, Ant. iii. ix. [xi.] 3.
late walking : keeping late hours Wiv. v. v. 156.
lath: as the material of a counterfeit weapon
(.see also dagger 2) Rom. i. iv. 5 no Cupid . . .
Bearing a Tartar's painted bow of lath ; contemp-
tuously - sword Tit. li. i. 41 have your lath glued
within your sheath Till you know better how to
handle it.
latten: mixed metal of yellow colour.identical with
or closely reseuibljng brass Wiv. i. i. 167 /. bilbo.
latter: last H5 iv. i. 144 at the I. day, 1H6 ii. v. 38
in his bosom spend my I. gasp ; also t. days, times,
age, end.
lattice : red I., window of lattice-work painted red
(the sign of an alehouse) 2H4 ii. ii. 88.
laud : hymn Ham. iv. vii. 178 snatches of old lauds
(Q, VUunes).
laughter: subject for merriment 1H4 n. ii. 105,
Cas. IV. iii. 49, 113.
launch: to cut ; see lance.
laund: glade 3H6 in. i. 2, Yen. 813.
launder : transf. to wet Compl. 17.
laundry : blunder for ' laundress ' Wiv. i. ii. 4.
laurel: wreathed with laurel Ant. i. iii. 100 Vpon
your sword Sit laurel victory (Ff2 34 Lawrell'd).
lave : Mac. in. ii. 33 Must lave our honours in tlusc
flattering streams { = ' must keep our royal dig-
nities unsullied by flattering Banquo and those
who are formidable to us').
lavish (obs. sense) : unrestrained, wild, licentious
2H4 IV. iv. 64, Mac. i. ii. 58.
lavishly : wildly 2H4 iv. ii. 57.
lavolt Troil. IV. iv. 86, lavolta H5 iii. v. 33 :
lively dance for two persons.
law sb. (special uses are the foil.)
1 what the law awards 2H6 i. iii. 214.
2 in phr. expressing rel.ation by marriage Shr. iv.
V. 00 by law . . .1 may entitle thee my loving father,
R3 IV. i. 23 Their aunt I am in law.
3 system of divine commands and of penalties
imposed for disobedience contained in Holy
Scripture LLL. iv. iii. 304 charily itself fiilflts the
law, John II. i. 180 The anion of the law.
law interj.: = LA, LLL. v. ii.415i(; Godhdp me, law.
law-day: day for the sitting of a court of law,
session of such a court 0th. in. iii. 140 leets and
law-days.
lay sb.: wager 2H6 v. ii. 27 My soul and body on the
action both! — ,1 dreadful lay!, 0th. li. iii. 332,
Cyni. I. iv. 16L
lay vb. (4 only once in S., hut common in literature
from the 14th cent, and app. not regarded as a
soleci.sm in the 17th and 18th)
1 to bui-y Tw.N. ii. iv. 52 in sad cypress let me be
laid, H8iv. ii. 22 to lay his weary bones among ye,
Gym. IV. ii. 233 where shall 's lay him ?.
2 to beset with traps 2H6 iv. i. 4 all the country is
laid for me.
3 to stake, wager LLL. i. i. 306 I'll lay my head to
any good man's hat, Tw.N. in. iv. 225 I have . . .
laid 'mine honour too unchary on't (mod. edd. out),
Troil. III. i. 97 lay my life. Ham. v. ii. 106 laid a
great wager. [tale.
4 "to lie Compl. 4Atid down I laid to list the sad-tun'd
lay . . . aboard (1) lay knife aboard, make an attack,
board (cL board i) Rom.ii. iv. 216 ; (2) board (a
vessel) 2H6 iv. i. 25 / lost mine eye in laying the
prize aboard ; lay apart, aside, put away from
one AYL. iv. iii. 45, Wint. iv. i. [ii.] 57, R2 ii.
ii. 3, H5 II. iv. 78, Cor. I. i. 203; lay toy, (1)
put aside or away from one Ado v. i. 64 to lay
my reverence by, H5 i. ii. 276, Troil. ii. iii. 87 ; (2)
come to a stand, 'stand' 1H4 i. ii. 40; lay
down, (1) bring to bed of a child, H8 i. iii. 40
a speeding trick to lay down ladies ; (2) formulate,
prescribe Ado iv. i. 238 m better shape Than lean
lay it down in likelihood, 1H4 i. ii. 167 I will lay
him down such reasons, 2H4 I. iii. 35 To lay down
likelihoods and forms of hope, H5 i. ii. 137 lay down
our proportions ; (3) wager, stake, 0th. iv. ii. 12
Lay down my soul at slake ; lay for, lie in wait
forTim. in. v. 117 ; lay forth,(l) bring out and
display Shr. iv. iii. 62 ; (2) lay out for burial
H8 lY. ii. 172 ; lay home to, attack, press hard
LAYER-UP -
LSAVE
Ham. in. iv. 1 ; lay it on, do it in good style
Tp. iTi. ii. 164, Wint. iv. ii. [iii.] 43; layoff,
steer away from the sliore Tp. t. i. 55 ; lay on,
(1) impose Shr. v. ii. l:iO luijini/ on m>/ dutij :
(2) apply a coat of (paint), always in fig. con-
text AVL. I. ii. 113 tiKii was laid vn with a Iron-tl
(i.e. laid on thick), Tw.N. i. v. 260 beauty . . .
whose rid and nliite Xahire's aim . . . handlatdon,
■\Vint. V. iii. 49 the colour 's Sot dry.— My lord,
your sorrow n'as too sore laid on . . . So many
summers dry ; lay out, expend Tw.N. in. iv.
225 I have . . . laid my honour too unchary oulf
(old etUl. 0)i7); lay to, bring into action Tp. iv.
i. 253; lay up, (1) put away 2H4 v. i. 94 like a
vd cloak ill laid up ; (2) to incapacitate, ' do tor '
AYL. I. iii. 7.
layer-np* : Ho v. ii. 247 old afje, that ill I. ofheauty,
' which storesup beauty till it becomes wrinkled '
(cf. 2H4 V. i. 94).
lazar : poor and diseased person, esp. a leper H5
I. i. 15, Troil. ir. iii. 37, v. i. 13the louse of a I.,
Ham. I. V. 12 Most I. -like, with vde and loathsome
crust ; — adj. H5 il. i. 80 the I. kite of Cressid's kind.
lazy: sluggish MND. v. i. 41 The I. time; Rom. ii.
ii. 31 the l.-puffing clouds (Qi lasie pacing, mod.
edd. lazij-pacing. Collier -passinii\). [35.
lead sb.: bullets, shot LLL. nr. i. 60, 65, lH4v. iii.
lead (1 tlie orig. sense of the verb)
1 to carry All's W. iv. iii. 300 h'ns led the drum
before the English tragedians; fig. Mer.V. r\'. i. 18
That thou, but kad'st'this fa<<hion of thy malice To
the last hour of act, Tw.iS'. I. v. 202 lead these
graces to the grate.
2 to take the first steps in (a dance with a person)
AU'sW. II. iii. 49 he's able to lead her a coranto,
H8 1, iv. 107 I have ... a measure To lead 'em once
again; cf. Ado u. i. 159 IFe must follow the
leaders.
3 to go forward Tp. n. i. 331 [.323] Lead off this
ground. Ant. ii. vi. 81 Will yon lead, lords f, Cym.
IV. iv. 53 Lead, lead.
lead away, lead astray, seduce Sonn. xcvi. 11 How
many gazers iniglitst thou lead away; lead on,
(1) conduct (operations) Cor. I. ii. 15 lead on this
preparation ; (2) entice or beguile into going to
greater lengths Wiv. il. i. 97 lead him on wiili a
fne-baited delay.
leaden: I. mace, attributed to the powers of sleep
C;vs. IV. iii. 267 ; so MND. in. ii. 365 sleep With
I. legs; inert, spiritless 1H6 iv. vi. 12 /. age. Yen.
34 t.'appetite; depressing 0th. in. iv. 176i/(fiie. . .
II itli leaden thoughts been prcss'd.
leading': command H5 iv. iii. 130, R3 v. iii. 298 ;
direction Lucr. 436, Cor. iv. v. 143 The L of thine
own revenges; generalship lH4iv. iii. 17 men of
such great leading.
leagiie: alliance, amity, friendsliip, truce Wiv.
in. ii. 26 a 1. between my good man and he. Err.
II. ii. 149, MND. in. ii. 373, John n. i. 417 peact
and fair-fac'd L, R3 i. iii. 281 In sign of Land
amity. Tit. V. iii. 2'.i For peace, for love, for league.
leagued: applied to the folded arms Cym. iv. ii.
213. ^ 0th. n. iii. 220 // partially affin'd, or
leagu'df in office (Qq partiality, Qq Fi keigue).
leaguer: camp AU'sW. in. vi. 27.
leak : to make water 1H4 ii. i. 22.
lean adj. (tig. uses) : poor, meagre, mean Err. in.
ii. 93 I have but lean luck, Tw.N. m. iv. 380 my
lean and low abiliiii. Ant. n. ii. 19.1 leaner action;
unfertile, barren'lH4 ii. ii. 120, 2H-1 iv. iii. 129 ;
scantily furnished 1H4 i. ii. 82 no lean wardrobe.
lean vb. ("physical senses, trans, and intr., occur)
1 to rely or depend on Meas. n. i. 49 (quibble), 2H4
I. i. 164 [their] lives . . . Lean on your health, Troil.
in. iii. 85, Ham. iv. iii, 60 every thinij . . . That
else leeins on the affair.
2 to defer Cym. i. i. 78 lean'd imlo his sentence.
lean-witted (S.) ; poor in intellect R2 n. i. 115.
leap sb.: place to be leaped H8 v. i. 140 ion take a
precipice for no leap of danger,
leap vb.:
1 to be eager /o do a thing Ant. in. xi. [xiii.] 51
Will leap to be his friend. Per. v. iii. 45.
2 I. Over, (i) to pass beyond (a limit) Jler.Y. i. ii.
20 n hot temper l-s o'er a cold decree ; (ii) to pass
over, skip 2H4 iv. iv. 124 as the year Had found
so)iie mmiths asleep andl-'d them over, Troil. Pro).
27 our play L-s o'er the . . .firstlings of those broils.
leaping-house (S.) : brothel 1H4 i. ii". 9.
leaping-time (S.): youth Cym. iv. ii. 200.
learn : to teach (always with' two objects or accusa-
tive and intin.) Tp. i. ii. 365 For l-iny me your
language, Gent. ii. vi. 13 To I. his wit to exchange
the bad for better. Ham. v. ii. 9 Iheit should I. iis
There 's a divinity that shapes our ends (Ff teach),
0th. I. iii. 183 do I. -me How to respect you ; (lience)
to inform of something Troil. n. i. 22 /. tne the
proclamation.
learned (so the customary ' my learned friend ')
1 instructed, educated, experienced, wise AYL.
I. i. 176 never schooled and yet I., Tw.N. i. v. 281,
Cor. in. i. 98, Otb. in. iii. 259 knows all qualities,
with a learned spirit. Of human dealings.
2 of great knowledge in the law Mer.Y. iv. i. 167.
learning: what is learnt:— (1) lesson, instruction
Cym. I. i. 43, Sonn. l.K.Kvii. 4 of this book this I.
iwiyst thou taste ; (2) information Ant. ii. ii. 51 /
. . . have my I. from some true reports ; (3) acquire-
ment (S.) Ham. V. ii. 35 / . . . labour'd much How
to forget that learning. [i. 193.
learning-place : place of instruction All'sAY. i.
lease: m 7. =on a lease Sonn. xiii. 5 that beauty
which yon hold in I.; — /. of nature, the term of the
natural life Mac. iv. i. 9d Macbeth Shall live the I.
of nature.
leash: three (the usual number of liounds coupled
in one leash) 1H4 n. iv. 7 a leash of drawers . . . as
Tom. Dick, and Francis.
leash'd in: coupled together (in a set of three)
H5 I. Chor. 7 at his heels, Leash'd in like hounds,
. . .famine, sirord, and fire ; cf. preceding word.
leasing : lying Tw.N. i. v. 104, Cor. v. ii. 22.
least: in the I., (1) at the lowest estimate Lr. i. i.
194 ; (2) in the smallest degree ii. iv. 143.
leather-coat: russet apple 2H4v. iii. 42.
leave sb. (l also in plir. by I., under I. of, by yourl.,
with your leave, have leave.)
1 permission Gent. ii. iv. 25 Give him I. ( = make
allowances for him), Err. l. i. 35 I'll utter what my
sorrow gives me I. ( = allows), 3H6 in. ii. 34 you
will have leave ( = you will be free to do as you
please), Yen. 568 love, uhose I. exceeds commission.
2 permission to depart; used in polite fonns of
I i) bidding farewell Viiv. in. ii. 29, Mer.V. ii. iv. 15
By yourl., sir. — Whither goestthou?; (ii) dismissal
John I. i. 230 wilt thou, give its leave awhile '? (i.e.
leave lis alone), 3H6 in. ii. .33, Rom. l. iii. 7 ;
Tw.N. II. iv. 73 Give me now I. to leave thee [dis-
missing the clown], AYint. li. i. 123, 1H4 i. iii.
20 You, have good I. to leave ns ; similarly take
(one's) leave (freq.) = orig. to receive permission
to depart (cf. Ali'sW. v. iii. 79 took her /. = bade
her farewell).
3 leave-taking Mac. iv. iii. 236 Our lack is nothing
but our I. (i.e. taking leave of the king, or (?) ah
instance of sense 2), Ham. i. iii. 54 Occasion
smiles upon a second leave.
leave vb. (the usual mod. senses are freq.)
LHAVEN -
127
-LETHE
1 to abandon, forsake, give up Gent. v. iv. 138,
Mcr.V. V. i. 196 liow tivirillingly I If/t the riiif/,
Cor. ir. iii. ISO itoin i/oii liave left ijourroirrx, Ua.ni.
III. iv. 91 sncli . . . yrnined spots As uill not I. their
thict.
2 to desist from, stop, discontinue, -' leave off'
Mens. IV. ii. G /. me yom- siiatclies, Mcr.V. v. i.
43 L. l(ollniiu/, K3 1. ii. 1 16 To I. tin's keen encounter
of our wits, Cor. IV. i. 1 Come I. your tears, Luer.
1089 I. tliy peepini/ ; witli infin. Gent. li. vi. 17
I cannot leave to lore, Ham. iii. iv. 66.
3 to cease, desist 2H6 in. ii. 333 J'ou hade me Inn,
eiud irill you bid me I.?, Per. ii. i. 47 ; to break oft
in a narrative, reading, or conversation Shr. in.
i. 26, Ham. ii. i. 51 / teas about to say something ;
nhere did I I.?, Cym. ii. ii. 4 Fold doun the leaf
uhere I have left, Ven. 715.
4 left out, excepted Cym. li. iv. 85.
leaven : lay the I. on, taint Cym. iii. iv. 04.
leavened: fig. well-considered Meas. i. i. 52.
leavy : abounding in foliage Ado ii. iii. 77.
lecture (old edd. also lector, a 16tli-17tli cent, form)
1 discourse given before an audience for the pur-
pose of instruction Cor. li. iii. 243 Say irc read l-s
to you. How younyly he began . . .
2 coiirse of instruction, lesson Shr. m. i. 8, 23, 24
you'll leave liis I.; fig. instructive example Lucr.
C18. [Ham. II. i. 67.
3 admonition, reproof A YL. in. ii. 370 (Fi Lectors),
leer': complexion, countenance AYL. iv. i. (lit «
Rosalind of a better leer than you. Tit. iv. ii. 120
Here's ei young Iculfram'd of another leer.
leer-: (not pre-S.) : amorous side-glance "\Viv. i.
iii. 48. . .
lees: construed as a sing. Mac. u. iii. 102.
leese: to lose Sonn. v. 14.
leet: special court of record whicli the lords of
certain manors were empowered to hold yearly
or Iialf-yearly Shr. Ind. ii. 89 present her at the I.,
Because she brought stone jugs and no seal'd quarts ;
used with tautology in Utli. in. iii. 140 Keep Icels-
and law days, cf. "The Leete and Law day is al
one' (SirT. Smitli's Common wealth of England,
1589).
left hand : leave on the I., disregard Wiv. ii. ii. 25.
leg'; obeisance made by drawing back one leg and
bending the other All'sW. ii. ii. 11, 1H4 it. iv.
432 here is my ley, Cor. ir. i. 78 caps and leqs, Tim.
I. ii. 241.
lege [aphetic form of 'allege ' in use 14th-16th
cent.]: to bring forward Shr. l. ii. 28.
legend : misused for ' legion ' AViv. i. iii. 57. (Ff Qs
a legend, Qi legians, Q-> legions).
legerity: nimbleness lH5'iv. i. 2^ fresh legerity.
legion: host, military or otherwise, esp. of devils ;
in Tw.N. m. iv. 97 If all the devils in hell bedraun
in little, and Legion himself possrss'd him, the ref.
is to Mark v. 9 ' their name is Legion '.
legitimate: logically inferred Tw.X. in. ii. 16.
legitimation: legitimacy John i. i. 248.
ledger, leiger: (resident) ambassador, (perma-
nent) representative or agent Meas. in. i. 57, Cym.
I. V. 80.
leisure (the now somewhat archaic sense of
' opportunity ' is freq.; 3 cf. Greek <Txo\rj ; in H8
m. ii. 141 spiritual /. = 'time withdrawn from
earthly businessand devoted to religious duties')
1 pi. = leisure moments Compl. 193.
2 attend, stay {upon), tarry, nail for a per.son's
leisure, wait until he is unoccupied, wait his time
Ado I. iii. 17, Mcr.V. i. i. 08, .lohn ii. i. 58, 1H4
I. iii. 258, Mac. i. iii. 148, in. ii. 3.
3 by leisure, barely, not at all Tit i. i. .301 I'll trust,
by leisure, him thai mocks me once.
leman : sweetheart Tw.N. ir. iii. 27, 2H4 v. iii. 47 ;
paramour Wiv. iv. ii. l'i!'>.
lend : to hold out (a handj to be taken Wint. iv. ii.
[iii.] 74/,. me thy hand, I'll hdp thee. Tit. in. i. 187.
lendings (2 a l(5th-17th cent, use; 'Succors or
lendings which they giue souldiers where there
is no paie, and when the paie conies they take it
off,' Minsheu, 1599)
1 non-essential appurtenances Lr. iir. iv. 112.
2 money advance to soldiers when the regular pay
cannot be given R2i. i. 89.
length sb. (1 rare outside S. ; 5 common Eliz.)
1 of I., long R2 IV. i. 11 Is not my arm of I., Troil.
1. iii. 136 To cud a tale ofleni/th.
2 prolixity, lengthiness 'R2 v. i. 94 there ts such I.
■in grief. Ant. iv. xii. [xiv.] 46 All length is torture.
3 reach, range Mac. iv. iii. 233 Within my sivord's
/., Ham. I. ii. 204 Within his truncheon's I., Per.
I. i. 108 within my pistol's length.
4 (long) strctcli or extent John I. i. 105 lai-ge l-s oj
seas, Sonn. xliv. 10 To leap large l-s of miles.
5 draw out in I., prolong, pi'otra'ct Mer.\'.in. ii. 23.
length vb.': to lengthen Pilgr. xiv. 30 [210].
lenten: meagre, scanty Tw.N. i. v. 9 A e/ood I.
answer, Ham. ii. ii. 337 [329] whatl. entertainment;
— /. pic, pie containing no meat Kom. ii. iv. 142.
lenvoy, I'envoy: concluding part of a poem LLL.
III. i. 74, &c.
leperous : causing leprosy Ham. i. v. 64.
less : less in, inferior in point of R2 ii. iii. 15, R3
IV. iv. 300, Ant. V. ii. 363 ; nothing less than, (1)
the same thing as 1H6 ii. v. 100 n'ly father's exe-
cution Was nothing less than bloody iynniiiy ; (2)
anything but R2 ii. ii. 34 'Tis nothing bat con-
ceit, my gracious lady. — 'Tis nothing less. % Used
peculiarly by S. with words expressing or im-
plying a negative, wliere the sense requires
'more ' Wint. in. ii. 57, Cor. i. iv. 14, Cym. i. iv.
24 ; similarly lesser in Troil. i. i. 30.
lesson : musical piece or exercise .Shr. in. i. 01 My
lessons make iio music iii tliree parts.
let sb.: hindrance H5 v. ii. 65, Lucr. 330, 646.
let vb. (the other vb. let ' to liinder ' occurs)
1 to allow to remain Wint. i. ii. 41.
2 to forbear lo Lucr. 10 did not lit To praise the clear
nnmutched red and white.
3 with ellipsis of ' go ' (very freq.) chiefly in the im-
perative Gent. in. ii. 91 Leius into the citij, Mer.V.
III. ii. 39 let me to my fortune, 1H4 I. i. 91 Hut let
him from my thowjhts, H8 I. ii. 176 Let him on,
Troil. I. i. 5 Let him to field, Cym. iv. ii. 152 I'll
throw't into the creek . . . and lei it to the sea.
4 special uses of the imperative :— (i) let me have,
give me, tell me Gent. ii. vii. 57, Cor. iv. v. 237 ;
(ii) /(/ him be, suppose him to be R2 i. i. .59, H8 iv.
ii. 147 ; (iii) let me alone for, trust ine for Tw.N.
in. iv. 204.
5 to cause Ham. iv. vi. 11 if your name be Horatio,
rtv I am let to know it is (i.e. informed).
let be, let it alone Wint. v. iii. 61, Ant. iv. iv. 6 ;
no matter Ham. v. ii. 238 ; let forth, allow to
pass forth, give passage to MND. v. ii. 11 [i. 388],
Lucr. 1029 ; let loose, (1) to unfold H5 iv. ii. 41
their ragged curtains (i.e. banners) poorly are let
loose ; (2) abandon Tp. ii. ii. 37 / do now 'let loose
my opinion ; (3) relax one's hold, let go MND. iii.
ii. 260 Hnng off . . . let loose; let out, lend at
interest Tim. in. v. 109.
let-alone* (S.) : (a) forbearance, abstention from in-
terference, (hence) permission, (b) hindrance Lr.
v. iii. 80. [251.
lethargied (not pre-S.) : dulled, blunted Lr. i. iv.
Ziethe : in Greek mythology, a river in Hades, the
drinking of whose waters caused forgetfulncss
LETHE'D -
128
I.IEGE
of the past; hence, ' waters of oblivion ' Tw.X. iv.
i. CO, 2H4 V. ii. 72 ivasli'd in L., (uid fotr/ottcu,
K3 IV. iv. 251, Ant. ir. vii. 115 sttcp'd mir stnsc In
soft (tnd delicate L.\ attrib. Ham. i. v. 33//. ivliarf.
^ in C«s. III. i. 200 (Fi Lelhec) used for 'death '
a|i|i. through the influence of Latin tei[li')i<>n ; cf.
Blount 'Glossographia', 1070, 'Lethean', deadly,
mortal.
Lethe'd, old edd. Iiethied: oblivions Ant. n. i.
27 Eien (ill a J.cllie'il dnliies';.
letter (2 'hunt the letter', 'lick tlie letter' were
other Eliz. phrases)
1 110 leltcr, not a word Cj-ni. iv. iii. 30.
2 tiffict the I., practise alliteration LLL. TV. ii. 50.
3 pi. with sing, sense, esp. =formal commnnication
issued by authority Ado i. i. 20, IHG v. iv. '.)5,
K3 IV. V. 20 (Qq These Is, Ff Mi/ L.), 0th. iv. i.
280 ; = letter of recommendation Err. v. i. 138 ; cf.
0th. I. i. 36 by I. (i.e. by commendatory letter,
by favour).
4 literal meaning, litcralness Otli. i. iii. 08 m the
bitter I., Cym. v. v. 451 Answerimj the letter of the
oracle.
5 learning Tp. ii. i. 157 [150], Per. iv. Gower 8 Irain'd
In music's l-s (mod. edd. music, l-sf) ; a.]HO yood l-s
in the same sense 2H-i iv. i. 44.
lettered: learned, literate LLL. v. i. 40.
level sb. (2 only in fig. phrases)
1 hold. . . level with, be on an diuality with 1114 lii.
ii. 17.
2 aiming a missile, ■weapon, range of a missile
All'sW. II. i. 150 the I. of mine aim, Wint. iii. ii.
82 Mjj life sia}uls in the I. of your dreams, H8 r. ii.
2 I stood i' the I. Of afitll-chari/'d confuUracy, Koin.
III. iii. 102 Shot from the deadli/ Lofaijiin, Sonn.
cxvii. 11 within the level of your froirn.
level adj. (used literally oiily once 2H4 iii. i. 47)
1 hvcl to, readily accessible to 2H4 iv. iv. 7.
2 'ci|uipoised, steady ' (Schmidt) Tw.X. ii. iv. 31
So sways she I. in Iter husband's heart, 2H4 ii. i.
128 rt level consideration.
3 adv. witli direct aim Ham. iv. i. 42 As L as the
rininon to his blank, IV. v. 150.
level vb. (2 is transf. from the sense of ' aim ',
which is the most frcq. S. sense, lit. and fig.)
1 1(1(1 with, be on a par with 0th. I. iii. 240.
2 krtl at, gucss at Wer.V. i. ii. 41, Ant. v. ii. 337.
leven, mod. edd. 'leven : clipped form of ' eleven '
LLL. III. i. ISO [172J ((. l.-jHiicefarHiini/, Mer.V. ii.
ii. 177 a I. widuirs, Wint. iv. ii. [iii.] 33 Every I.
vithir iiids. ■] In mod. use chiefly northern and
Kast-Auglian dial.
levy: app. misused for levef, = aim Per. ii. v. 52
Sever did thoiujlit of mine levy offence. T] There are
other instances of this misuse in the 17th cent.
lewd: bad, vile, worthless (once a common sense)
Ado V. i. 348 [.341] this I. fellow, Shr. iv. iii. 05 'tis
I. and filthy, lH4iir. ii. 13 ,v!if/t /., suck mean at-
ti inpts, R3 1, iii. 01 /. complaints ; so lewdly, wick-
edly 2H0 II. i. 105 nauf/lity persons, I. bent ; lewd-
ness, wickedness H8 I. iii. 35.
lewdster : lascivious per.son Wiv. v. iii. 24.
liable :
1 /. /(), (i) subject the influence or operation of C.ies.
I. ii. 198 )/ my name ( = 1) were I. to fear. Per. iv.
vi. 183 ; (ii) subject or subservient to John ii. i.
490, V. ii. 101 such us to my claim are I., Cxs. ii.
ii. 104.
2 suitable, fit LLL. v. i. 99, .Tolin iv. ii. 226.
libbard : old form of ' leopard ' LLL. v. ii. 540 ^\'ilh
l-'s head on t.nee. ^] Cf. ' A Lihbards head (on the
knees or elbowes of old fashioned garments)',
Slurwood, 1032.
libel sb.: defamatory bill or pamphlet R3 i. i. 33.
libel vb.: to make libellous statements Tit. iv. iv.
17. [ous')
liberal (the most freq. sense is ' bountiful, gener-
1 the distinctive epithet of those arts and sciences
which were deemed worthy of a free man Tp. i.
ii. 73.
2 of gentleman-like liabits or character 2HG iv. vii.
08, 3HG I. ii. 43 ; ' becoming a gentleman ' (J.) or
person of refinement or taste LLL. ii. i. 167 All I.
reason I will yield unto. Ham. v. ii. 160 of very I.
conceit ( = of tasteful design ; similarly l.-conceited
169).
3 free in speech R2 it. i. 230 a I. tongue, 0th. v. ii.
218 I'll be in speakiny I. as the north (as an adv. in
Ft speak as liberal as the north).
4 unrestrained by prudence or decorum, gross,
licentious Ado iv. i. 93 ii I. villain, LLL. v. ii. 741,
Mer.V. II. ii. 200, Ham. iv. vii. 171* That I. shep-
herds (live a f/rosser name (or ? sense 3), 0th. ii.
i. 164 a most profane and liberal counsellor.
libertine: one who follows his own inclinations
H5 I. i. 48 The air, a charter'd libertine.
liberty {the I. in Ham. it. ii. 430 [421] is of doubtful
meaning)
1 the I. of, unrestricted access to Meas. rv. ii. 155.
2 improi3er freedom, licence Weas. i. iii. 29, Err. i.
ii. 102 l-ics of sin, Tim. iv. i. 25, Ham. ii. i. 24.
3 pi. privileges, rights Cor. ii. iii. 223, Caas. v. i.
76, Per. I. ii. 112 wrong my liberties.
licence sl>. : leave, permission Meas. n. iv. 146, H5
IV. vii. 75, 2H6 iv. iii. 8, Ham. iv. iv. 2.
licence vb.: to permit 1H4 i. iii. 123.
licentioiis : unrestrained by law or morality Tim.
v. iv. 4 you have . . , fill'd the time With all I.
measure.
licourish: see i.iQuoEisn.
lictor : oflicial who attended upon a Roman magis-
trate, kind of beadle Ant. v. ii. 213.
lid: by God's lid = 'slid Troil. i. ii. 225.
lie (pa. jijde. lain 5 times, lien twice ; Ham. v. i. 189
Qq lycn. Ft lain ; Per. in. ii. 85 Qq i_3 lien, Ff ^ t
been)
1 to be or remain in bed asleep Troil. iv. i. 3 to lie
lony, Mac. it. iii. 20 lie so late.
2 to be still Per. iit. i. 49 the ivind is loud, and will
not lie till the ship be cleared of the dead.
3 to be kept in prison 1H4 iv. iii. 90 without ransom
to lie forfeited, R3 r. i. 115 I will deliver you, or else
lie for you.
4 to dwell, sojourn, lodge, csp. to sleep or pass the
night somewhere (freq.) Wiv. ii. i. 180 Jtoes he lie
at the darter?, IHO it. ii. 41 her poor castle irhcre
she lies. Cor. i. ix. 82 I sometime lay . , . At a poor
man's house.
5 to be in a certain posture of defence 1H4 ii.
iv. 220 Thou knowest my old ward ; here I lay,
and thus I bore my point, Troil. i. ii. 281, 286.
liealon^: lie outstretched upon the ground AYL.
IT. i. 30 ; lie in, reside in, depend upon Wiv. v.
i. 3 good luck lies in odd numbers, Meas. in. i. 275,
R2 1, ii. 4 correction lieth in those hands Which made
the fault. Cor. in. iii. 92 ,1s ynnch as in him lies;
lie off, stand some distance away//0)u a place
1H4 III. i. 80 ; lie on or upon, (1) rest as an
obligation upon 1H4 v. ii. 47 woiilil the qunrnl
lay iipon our heads.'. Cor. in. ii. 52 it lies you on
to speak To the people; (2) depend upon AU'sW.
III. vii. 43 As if his life lay on't, Troil. iv. iv. 147,
Ant. III. viii. 5, Sonn. xcii. 10 ; lie under, be
subject to (some disadvantage) Ado iv. i. 171,
Troil. II. iii. 145.
lief: dear 2H0 III. i. IM My liefest liee/e; otherwise
only in plir. had as lief {oUl odd. also lievi).
liege : only in the sense ' sovereign lord, superior
LIEGEBIAN —
129
- LIMB-niEAI.
to whom allegiance is due'; fig. LLL. in. i. 193
[185].
lieg'enian : vassal, subject Wint. n. iii. 173, 1H4
II. iv. 377 that , . . stoore the devil his true L, Ham.
I. i. 15.
lie-g'iver : one tliat gives tlie lie R2 iv. i. 68.
lieutenantry : lieutenancy Otli. ii. i. 174 If suclt
tncks us these strip you out of your I. ;— om /., by
deputy Ant. in. ix. [xi.] 39.
life (for o' life f Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 263 see a-life ; 7
is recorded first from S.)
1 of life, living Sonn. xvi. 9.
2 (one's) life, in one's lifetime Wint. i. i. 45, v. i.
137 I desire my life Once more to look on him.
3 in asseverations and oaths:— /o>- my I. Ado iii.
ii. 76, LLL. v. ii. 726 ; God's my I. Ado iv. ii. 75,
MND. iv. i. 210^ YL. in. v. 43 Od 's my little life.
4 embodiment of life, living being Mac. v. vii. 31
[\in. 2] Whiles I see lives.
5 soul, essence John v. vii. 1 the I. of cdl his blood,
Troil. I. iii. 385, li. ii. 194 the I. of our desiijn.
6 my I., my beloved, my dearest (I'req.) Cym. v. v.
227 My queen, my life, my wife.
7 (chiefly the I.) the living form or model, living
semblance Ado li. iii. 117 [110], Wint. v. iii. 19
the I. as lively mock'd, H5 v. Chor. 5 cannot in their
liuye and proper I. Be here presented, Tim. l. i. 36,
39, Ven. 289 when a painter icould surpass the I. ;—
to the I., with faithful or exact presentation or
reproduction Cor. in. ii. 106, Per. v. i. 247 ; so
wi/k jjood life Tp. in. iii. 86.
life-blood : life-giving or vital blood Mer.V. in. ii.
2(17 ; fig. vital part 1H4 iv. 1.29 1. of 07tr enterprise.
lifeless (old edd. always liveless) : obscure use in
Err. I. i. 158 {luclclessf, life's lastf).
lifelines : in a trivial oath Od's I. Tw.N. v. i. 188.
lifter: tliief Troil. i. ii. 127 (with quibble).
liftingf up : rising 2H4 iv. iv. 93 The I. of day.
lig-gens : in By God's I. (an oath) 2H4 v. iii. 66 (Q).
light tih. {put out a person's Ityht is not pre-S.)
1 in asseverations: — bij this I. (freq.), God's I. (cf.
•slight) Tp. n. ii. 165 [147], 162 [154], 1H4 ni. iii.
71, H5 IV. viii. 66.
2 enlightenment, information Gent. in. i. 49, Tw.N.
v. i. 348, John iv. iii. 61, Per. I. iii. 18.
light adj. (quibbles are frequent)
1 unimportant, slight, trivial Tp. I. ii. 449 .Vab: Ih,
prise I., MND. in. ii. 133 as I. as tales, Ho ii. ii. 811
for a few I. o'otcns ; — liold, set I., account of small
value R2 i. iii. 293, 0th. ii. iii. 176.
2 full of levity, frivolous Shr. ii. i. 204 youny and
lif/ht, Rom. II. ii. 99, Lr. in. iv. 92 liyht of<ar.
3 wanton, unchaste Err. iv. iii. 61 al. wench, Mer.V.
n. vi. 42, 2H4 n. iv. 322.
4 active, nimble, swift Shr. ii. i. 205, Rom. ii. ii.
66 love's liylit icinys, Ven. 150, 1192.
5 easy Tp. I. ii. 448 too light winnimj.
6 cheerful, merry Gent. i. ii. 81 so I. a tune, 2H4 iv.
ii. 86 I. in spirit, 0th. iv. i. 103 I. behaviour.
7 delirious, light-headed Err. v. i. 72, 0th. iv. i. 280
Are his wits safe .« %s he not light of bruin?.
light vb.' : to fall, descend (lit. and fig.) ; pa. pple.
usu. lii/htid, once light Per. IV. ii. 77.
light vbi- (rare uses) : to grow light 1H4 in. ii. 138
the day, whene'er it l-s; to shine Troil. i. i. 39 as
when the sun doth I. a-scorn (mod. edd. a storiii-f).
lighten : to enlighten 2H4 n. i. 212 the Lord I. thee.
lightening, old edd. lightning: /. before death,
fxhilaiation which is supposed to occiir in some
instances just before death Kom. v. iii. 90.
light-foot (very common in the 10th cent.) : light-
footed, nimble R3 iv. iv. 441.
lightly (5 current Irom 14th to 17th cent.)
1 to no great amount LLL. i. ii. 159 611/ 1, nwurdcd ;
in a slight degree E3 I. iii. 45 they love his Grace
but lii/htli/.
2 cheerfully Rom. v. i. 3, Ant. iv. xii. [xiv.] 138.
3 easily, readily Err. iv. iv. 5 My wife . . . will not
lightly truxt the messenger, Tit. n. iii. 289.
4 nimbly, quickly Gent. in. i. 142.
6 commonly, often R3 in. i. 94 Short summers I.
have a forward spring.
6 thoughtlessly Cor. iv. i. 29 Belicve't not lightly.
lightness: lightheadedness Ham. n. ii. 149.
light o' love : name of a popular dance-tune, to
which several 16th cent, songs were sung Gent.
I. ii. 80, Ado III. iv. 44.
like adj. (uses now mainly dial, are)
1 in accordance with appearances, probable, likely
Meas. V. i. 105 0, that it were as I. as it is true.',
Shr. III. ii. 216 'Tis like you'll prove a jolly surly
groom, Rom. iv. iii. 40 is it not like that I . . . ?.
2 like to, (i) that may be reasonably expected to,
likely to MND. v. i. 117 all that you are I. to know,
1H4 rn. ii. 124, Cor. in. i. 47 i'ou are I. to do such
business, Rom. i. v. 139 My grave is I. to be my
wedding bed ; (ii) apparently on the point of Wiv.
rv'. V. 121, Ado v. iv. 112 thou art I. to be my kins-
man ; AYL. v. iv. 49 / have had four quarrels, and
like to have fought one ( = and narrowly missed
fighting one).
like adv. (the use in like ns = even as, e.g. Sonn. Ix.
1, gives rise by ellipsis to like conj., as in Per. i. i.
163, where Ff read as)
1 equallj', similarly, alike Tp. in. iii. 6(5 my fellow-
ministers Are I. invulnerable, Err. i. i. 82, H5 n.
ii. 183, Cym. in. iii. 41 Like war-like as the wolf,
Sonn. cxxxii. 12 suit thy pity like in every part.
2 as well as, as also R3 in. v. 9.
3 likely, probably Tp. v. i. 265 Very L, 2H6 ni. i.
379 great I. ( = highly probable), Cym. v. v. 260
31osi I. I did, Sonn. Ixxxvii. 2 like enough.
like vb.' (1 the commonest S. sense)
1 to filease Gent. iv. ii. 56 the music l-s you not,
Troil. V. ii. 99 that that l-s not yon (Q) Pleases vie
best ; esp. in conventional phr. Tp. iv. i. 242 an't
like your grace, H8 i. i. 100 Ltlce it your Grace,
Cym. II. iii. 69 So like you, sir.
2 like of, to be pleased with, approve of, be fond of
Ado V. iv. 59, R3 iv. iv. 355, Rom. i. iii. 90 can
you like of Picris' love?.
3 to feel affection Err. in. ii. 7, John 11. i. 511.
4 to be in good condition 2H4 in. ii. 93 you I. well
{Vflook); cf. WELL-LIKING.
like vb.2 (2 cf. had hke Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 753)
1 to liken, compare 2H4 11. i. 100 (Q), IHG iv. vi. 48.
2 hud l-d to have had, came very near liaving Ado v.
i. 115 (QFi likt).
likelihood (2 common 16th-17tli cent.)
1 probability H5 v. Chor. 29, R3 I. iii. 33 ; by all I.
in all probability Shr. v. i. 14, Cym. i. iv. 57.
2 ground of probable inference, indication, sign
Client. V. ii. 43 These l-s confirm her flight. All's W.
I. iii. 130 31uny l-s informed me of this, 0th. I. iii.
108 poor likdilioods.
3 'promise' 1H4 iir. ii. 45 A fellow of no mark nor I.
likely : comely, handsome Mer.V. II. ix. 92, 2H4
HI. ii. 188 a likely fellow.
liking : (good) bodily condition Wiv. 11. i. 57 jhcu's
liking, 1114 in. iii. 6 while lam in some liking.[15.
lily-liver'd : 'white-livered', cowardly Mac. v. ill.
limb : fig. member 2114 v. ii. 135, H8 i. i. 220 the l-s
0' the plot; H8 v. iv. 68 Limbs of Limeliouse, used
partly for alliteration, partly as a variation of
'limb of Satan '. [2.
lirabeck : alembic, still Mac. i. vii. 67, Sonn. cxix.
limber: flexible (fig.) Wint. l. ii. 47 /. rows.
limb-meal : limb from limb Cym. 11. iv. 147.
I.IMBO-
130
- IiIVEIiY
limbo: (pruporly) abode of tlie just wlio dietl
bc'lure Olii'ist's coming (' Limbo patruiu ') or of
infants who have died unbaptized (' Limbo in-
fontum ') ; used vaguely =HelI, All'sW. v. iii. 204,
Tit. III. i. 150 As far from help as I. is from bliss ;
transf. prison En-, iv. ii. 32 in Tartar I., H8 v.
iv. 09 / liaie some of 'em in Limbo Fatrum.
lime (2 usually fig.)
1 to cement 3HG v. i. 8-t to lime the stones iofjether,
2 to catch with birdlime Ado m. i. 104 She's l-d,
AU'sW. HI. V. 24, 3Hti V. vi. 13 l-d in a bush,
Ham. III. iii. 68 0 l-d soul . . . struyyling to be free,
Lucr. 88 liirds never lim'd.
3 to put lime into liquor Wiv. I. iii, 14 Let me sec
thee froth anel lime (Qq 1 2 Ijine ; Ff Q3 Hue).
lime-kiln {-ktll) : Troil. v. i. 25 l-s i' the jxdm*, (?)
burning sensations in the palms of the hands.
lim.it sb. :
1 prescribed time or period Mcas. iii. i. 223 the . . .
I. oftliesoleinnitij, R2 r. iii. 151 The dateless I. of thy
dear (xde, K3 lii. iii. 7 the I. of your lives is out;
period of rest after child-bearing Wint. iii. ii. 107
before I have yot strenytli of limit.
2 tract, region 1H4 in. i. 74 divuled it Into three l-s,
Veil. 235, Sonn. xliv. 4 From limits far remote.
lim.it vb. : to appoint (a time) Meas. iv. ii. 175, Err.
I. i. 150 ; to appoint (a person) to an office il3 v.
iii. 25 Limit melt hadir to his severed cliarije.
limitation: allotted time Cor. 11. iii. 146.
limited : apiiointed Mac. 11. iii. 58 'tis my I. service ;
restricted Tim. iv. iii. 434* limited professions.
limn : to paint AYL. 11. vii. 197, Yen. 290.
line sb.' (1 metaphor from angling ; 7 only S.)
1 ijive I., allow full play or scope Wint. i. ii. 181,
2H4 IV. iv. 39; so loitli full line Meas. i. iv. 50.
2 by I. and level, by means of instruments used for
determining exactly vertical and liorizontal
position, (hence fig.) witli methodical accuracy
Tp. IV. i. 241, 245.
3 line of life, (in palmistry) the line on the liand
which is supposed to indicate the nature or dura-
tion of one's life Mer.V. 11. ii. 176 tl09].
4 under the Hue, at the equator Tp. iv. i. 239 (piin-
ningly), H8 v. iv. 45 (with allusion to the heat).
5 contour, lineament AU'sW. v. iii. 49, Wint. i. ii.
154 the l-s Of my boy's face, Cym. iv. i. 10 thel-s of
my body, Sonn. xvi. 9 the l-s of life ( = living fea-
tures).
f) degree, station 1H4 i. iii. 168, in. ii. 85.
7 pi. goings-on, caprices or fits of temper Wiv. iv.
ii. 22 your liusband is in his old l-s ayain, Troil.
II. iii. 140 His pettish l-s ; mod. edd. lunes\.
^ Perhaps to be connected with tlie mod. War-
wickshire ' on a line ' = in a rage.
line sb.2: (?) lime-tree Tp. iv. i. 193% 237*. "Jj This
iorni,al6th-17tli cent, variant of ' lind' = linden,
is older than ' lime ' (first iu the 17th cent.). Cf.
U.N'E-GROVE.
line vb.': to strengthen, reinforce, fortify John 11.
i. 352, 1H4 II. iii. 88 To line his eu/n/Jrisr, H5 11.
iv. 7, Mac. I. iii. \\2line the rebel With hidili uhetji.
lineal: lineally descended (from) H5i. ii. 82 ; due
by right of descent John 11. i. 85.
lin'd : stuffed, padded Tim. iv. i. 14 the Hud crutch.
line-g'rove: grove of lime-trees Tp. v. i. 10.
linen: used as adj. = white Mac. v. iii. 16 t. cheeles.
lingr' : fish of the cod kind ; old linn, salted ling
AU'sW. III. ii. 14.
ling-t: heather Tp. i. i. 71 liufif, heath, broomf,
furze (Fj I.oii;) heath, Browne /irrs).
linger: to prolong, draw out K2 ir. ii. 72, 0th. iv.
ii. 231 ; with on, out 2H4 I. ii. 270, 115 11. Clior.
31 //, your pntieiux on, Troil. V. X. U, Sonn. xc. 8 ;
to delay M.N'D. i. i. 4.
ling°ering : (of poison, &c.) slow Wint. i. ii. 320
tnfh a I. drum, Ant. 11. v. 66 Smeirtinej in I. pickle.
link: torch 1H4 iii. iii. 48 ; (?) material of 'links'
used as blacking Shr. iv. i. 137 no link to colour
I'etir's lint.
linsey-woolsey : orig. material woven from wool
and flax ; only fig. strange medley, nonsense
All'sW. IV. i. 13.
linstock : staff about 3ft. long, having a forked
head to hold a lighted match H5 in. Chor. 33.
lion : borne heraldically LLL. v. ii. 577, IHO i. v. 28.
lion-sick (S.) : sick like a lion with pride Troil. 11.
iii. 94.
lip sb.: fedling a lip of contempt, expressing con-
tempt by a movement of the lip Wint. i. ii. 373;
make a lip eit, make a contemptuous face at Cor.
II. i. 129,
lip vb.: to kiss 0th. iv. i. 72, Ant. 11. v. 30.
Iiipstoiiry pinfold (unexplained) : Lr. 11. ii. 9.
Hqxiov s\^.^. (jrand I., grand elixirof life Tp. v. i. 280.
liqnor vb.: to dress with oil or grease Wiv. iv. v.
101 liejuor fishermen's boots, 1H4 11. i. 94.
liquorish: pleasant, sweet Tim. iv. iii. 195 /.
drauyhts (Ffi 2 Licourisli, Ff 3 4 Liepwrish).
listsb.':
1 selvage of cloth Meas. i. ii. 32, 35.
2 strip of cloth Shr. in. ii. 70.
3 (chiefly fig.) limit, boundary, utmost bound Meas.
I. i. 6, All'sW. II. i. 53, Tw.N. in. i. 87 the I. of my
voyueje, H5 v. ii. 293 confined within the weak I. of
iicountry's fasliion. Ham. iv. v. 99 The ocean, onr-
peerniy of his list, 0th. iv. i. 70.
4 palisades enclosing a space set apart for tilting
R2 I. iii. 43 ; pi. the space thus enclosed ; occas.
sing. Mac. in. i. 71 ; also fig. Yen. 695 in tlie very
lists of love.
list sb.2: desire 0th. n. i. 104 (Qi; Qqas Ff leaiie).
list sb.^ (not pie-S.): spec, catalogue of the soldiers
of a force Ham. i. i. 98, i. ii. 'i2 the levies, The lists,
Lr. v. iii. 112 within the lists of the eirmy, Ant. in.
vi. 70 (cf. line 67 lecyiny The kinys 0' the earth
for war); also gen. catalogue H8 iv. i. 14 the list
Of those theit claim their eijficcs this day.
list vb.: to please, choose, like; contracted 3rd person
sing, list Wiv. 11. ii. 124, 0th. 11. iii. 355, also
2nd person Tp. in. ii. 141 as thou list ;pa.t. listcel
R3 III. V. 83 Qq, list Ham. i. v. 177.
listen after: to endeavour to hear of 2H4 i. i. 29
l(j I. after nens, 2H0 i. iii. 152 I. eifter Humphrey.
literatured (S.): learned H5 iv. vii. 158 (Fluellen).
lither : yielding IHO iv. vii. 21 the I. sky. •(] 'Lither
air ' is used by Golding 1567.
litig°ious : questionable Per. iii. iii. 3 a I. pence.
litter : to bring forth (contemptuously of human
beings) Tp. i. ii. 282, Cor. in. i. 238.
little (littlest once in Ham. in. ii. 183)
1 adj. -a little Tw.N. v. i. 175, 2H4 in. i. 43.
2 sb. but a /. =but little, not much Shr. l. ii. 01 ; in
a I. (S.), in a few words, briefly H8n. i. 11 ; ml.,
on a small scale, iu miniature AYL. in. ii. 149
The quintessence of every sprite Heeiven would in I.
show. Ham. 11. ii. 392 [384] his picture in little,
Compl. 90.
little world : microcosm Lr. in. i. 10 (Qq).
livelihood : animation, life All'sW. i. i. 59 takes
all I. from her chick, R3 in. iv. 55 (Ff liuelyhood,
Qq likelihood), Yen. 20 The precedent of pith and I.
lively adj.:
1 living, animate Tit. in. i. 106 thy I, body, v. iii.
44, Sonn. Ixvii. 10 lively veins.
2 lifelike AYL. v. iv. 27 Home I. touches of mij
deiufihter's fetvour, Tim. I. i. 39 livelier than life.
3 viTid, intense Tw.N. v. i. 250 that record is t. in
my soul, Yen. 498 I.Joy, Soau. cliii. G /. heat.
I.IVEIiY -
131
-I.OOE ABOUT
I 4 vivid, brilliant, fresh Tim. l. ii. 150 /. Iiidyt,
Lucr. 1593 Bir Ineli/ colour.
lively adv.: ' to the life ' Gent. iv. iv. 170 Which
I no I. acted, Tim. v. i. 87 Thou coutiUr/tit'xt uioit I.
liver : supposed seat of love and violent passion
Ado IV. 1. 233 // ever love had inlereat in his I.,
Tw.N. I. i. 37 I., brain, u)ul heart, These sovereiijn
thrones ; — ichite or pale I., symbolical of cowardice
Mer.V. III. ii. 80, Troil. i]. ii. 50 ; cf. Tw.N. iii.
ii. 69, and lily-livek'd, milk-liveked.
liver-vein : in anatomy, old name for the basilic
vein ; used allusively for ' the style and manner
of men in love ' (Schmidt) LLL. iv. iii. 74.
livery sb.: legal delivery of property into one's
possession ; only in sue one's /., to institute a
suit as heir to obtain possession of lands which
are in the hands of the court of wards Kl' ii. i.
205, II. iii. 129, m4 iv. iii. 02.
livery vb.: to array in a livery (fig.) Couipl. 105
iJid livery falseness in a pride of truth.
living- vbl. sb.:
1 lifetime Compl. 238.
2 projierty Mer.V. v. i. 280 life and I., AVint. iv. ii.
[iii.] 100 My land and I., Kom. iv. v. 40 life, I.,
Lr. I. iv. 120 ; pi. possessions Mer.V. iii. ii. 157.
living i>pl. adj.:
1 during one's life or lifetime, while one is or
was alive Gent. lii. i. 170 death rather than I. tor-
ment, K2 v. i. 39 my last I. leave, H8 iv. ii. 70 my
I. etctions, Sonn. Ixvii. 6 his I. hue ; so /. death K3
I. ii. 153, Lucr. 720.
2 real AYL. lu. ii. 445 [439] a I. htimoiir of metd-
»if»*, 0th. ni. iii. 410 a I. reason* (? or sense 3).
3 lasting LLL. i. i. 14 I. art, Ham. v. i. 319 o I.
uiouumcnf.
4 (?) life-giving Mac. ii. iv. 10 livine/ light.
lo : with 2nd pei-sonal pron. (cf. O.Fr. 'es vos ')
AVint. I. ii. 100 lo you note, Ant. iv. xii. [xiv.] 87
7,0 thee .'.
load : pa. pple. laden 4 times, loaden 6 times.
loathea: loathsome (cf. despised) R3 i. iii. 232,
Kum. III. V. 31.
loathly : with abhorrence Lr. ii. i. 51 /. opposite.
loatlmess : reluctance Tp. ii. i. 137 [130J.
lob sb.: country bumpkin MND. ii. i. 16.
lob vb.: to hang heavily, droop H5 iv. ii. 47.
lock : lovelock Ado in. iii. 181 a' icears a lock.
lockram : linen fabric Cor. ii. i. 228 Her richest I.
locust* : (a) fruit of the carob-tree, locust-bean ;
(b) honeysuckle (an old i-endering of Latin
'locusta'); (c) lollipop, sugar-stick (a meaning
now extant only in Devon and Cornwall), 0th.
I. iii. 355 04' ltisciox<.s as locusts. [Lucr. 179.
lode-Star : guiding-star, guide MND. i. i. 183,
lodgre [I Eliz. sense ; 2 notpre-S.)
j 1 to harbour, entertain (feelings) AVint. ii. i. 110,
I 2H4 IV. V. 200 lodge a fear, K3 ii. i. 65.
[ 2 (of rain or wind) to beat down (crops) K2 iii. iii.
162, 2H6 III. ii. 17(i, Mac. iv. i. 55.
lodg-'d : settled, abiding Mer.A\ iv. i. 60 a I. hate.
lodg-ing (formerly of much wider use than now)
1 accommodation for rest at night or for residence
LLL. V. ii. 809 hard lodging, H5 iv. i. 16.
2 dwelling-place, abode, house Mcr.A'. ii. ii. 128,
AYL. II. iii. 23, 0th. i. ii. 45, Per. in. ii. 14 ; fig.
applied to the stocks Lr. ii. ii. 179 This shamtfiil I.
3 apartment, room Shr. Ind. i. 49, R2 i. ii. 08
empty l-s and unfurnish'd mills, 2H4 iv. v. 232.
loffe: rare form of ' laugh ' in oldedd. of MND. ii.
i. 55 (rhyming with coffe).
loggfats, -ets: game in whicli tliick sticks arc
thrown to lie as near ah. possible to a stake tixed
in the ground or a block of wood on a lloor Ham.
V. i. 99.
Iiondon stone : ancient stone in Cannon Street,
London, 2H0 iv. vi. 2.
long adj.': phr. before or ere it be long, before long,
shortly Meas. iv. ii. 79, IHO in. ii. 75, 3H6 in. iii.
232 ; think I., grow weary or impatient Rom. iv. v.
41, Lucr. 1359 /. she thinks till he return again : —
adv. after a long time Shr. v. ii. 1 .1/ last, though I.
long adj.-: long of, owing to, on account of LLL. ii.
i. 118, 1H6 IV. iii. 33, Cor. v. iv. 33.
long vb.' : to desire earnestly (with clause) Err.
IV. iv. 152 I long that ue were seife and sound
aboard ;= 'thing long '(see long adj.') 3H0 in. iii.
254 I long till Edaard fall by icar's mischance.
longvb.-: to belong or pertain to Shr. iv. iv. 7
M'tth such austerity as longeth to a father, H8 I
ii. 32 lo maintain The many to them'longing.
long-grown : inveterate 1H4 in. ii. 150'.
long heath : common heath, heathei-, or ling,
Erica vulgaris Tp. i. i. 71 (see lingH).
longing : prompted by strong desire Gent. ii. vii.
85 my I. journey, Pilgr. vi. 4 [74] A I. tarriunce.
longly : for a long while Shr. i. i. 169.
long purples : the early purple orcliis, Orchis
mascula Ham. iv. vii. 170.
long-staff 4(.(7it)i)i(/ strikers: 'thieves with long
staves that knock men down for sixpence '
(Wright) 1U4 II. i. 82.
long-tail : see cut.
long-winded: long-breathed 1H4 in. iii. 180 one
. . . pennyworth of sugar-candy to make thee I.
loo, low (not pre-S.): cry to incite a dog to the cliasc
Troil. V. vii. 10 now, dog! Low, Paris, low! (F* 'loo),
Lr. III. iv. 76.4/o(c, alow, loo, loo (Qq a lo lo lo).
loof: old form of 'luff '.to bring the head of (a vessel)
nearer to the wind Ant. in. viii. 27 [x. 18],
look sb.: have a I. of, be looked at by Geut.ii.iv.109.
look vb. (obs. and idiomatic uses are)
1 to take care, see Tp. iv. i. 51 L. thou be true,
R3 in. iv. 77 /. that it be done, 0th. iv. iii. 9 look
it be done.
2 to expect AVint. iv. iii. [iv.] 370 Tlie gifts she l-s
from me ; with infln. (freq.) Tp. v. i. 292 ; with
clause K2 i. iii. 243, Sonn. xxii. 4.
3 prefixed to an interrogative pron. or adv., or a
relative eonj., to form indefiuitc relatives =
'whoever', 'whatever', 'whenever', 'however'
Err. 11. i. 12 Look when I serve him so, he takes it ill,
Troil. I. iii. 79 look how many, Sonn. xxxvii. 13
Look what is best, that best I wish in thee.
4 to seek, search for, 'look for' AViv. iv. ii. 85,
AYL. II. V. 33 He hath been all this day to look you,
All'sAV. in. vi. 114, Lr. in. iii. 15 (Qq secke).
5 to tend or promise to Cor. in. iii. 29.
look about, oe on the watch Rom. in. v. 40 be wary,
look about ; look after, (1) search for(aiiersoh)
Cym. 111. V. 55 ; (2) seek for, demand 0th. n. i.
253 tliose requisites . . . that folly and green minds
look after ; (3) keep watch upon Meas. i. ii. 154
Is hclury so looked after? ; look against, look
at (something dazzling) AA'iv. ii. ii. 259 too bright
to be looked against; look back = look back to
Ant. in. ix. [xi.] 53 By looking back what I have
left behind ; look beyond, overlook the true
character of, misjudge 2H4 iv. iv. 67 ; look
like,give promise of Lucr. 585 Thou look'dsl not like
deceit ; look on, hold in esteem, respect 3H6 v.
vii. 22, Ant. in. xi. [xiii.] 109, Per. iv. iii. 32 ;
look out, (1) appear, show itsell (S.) Troil. iv. v.
56, Tim. in. ii. 81, Ant. v. i. 50; (2) find out by
looking Tim. in. ii. 08 I'll look you out a good turn ;
look through, (1) be visible (S.) 2H4 iv. iv. 120
hfe looks through and will break out ; (b) be visible
tiirougli (S.) Shr. Ind. ii. 12 my foes look through
the uicrleaiher, Ham. iv. vii. 151 that our drift
I.OON, t.0W2r -
132
-tow
look tliroHi/h our bud ptrjoriiutnce ; look lip,
cheer up, take courage (S.) Wint. v. i. 215, 2H4
IV. iv. 113, Ham. iir. iii. 50; look upon, look
on, be a mere spectator (S.) Wint. v. iii. 100,
3H6 II. iii. 27 ivhdes the foe doth . . . look iijion, as
■if th e trfKjedi) Were play d in jest, Troll, v. vi. 10.
loon, lown:
1 stiipiil fellow Mac. V. iii. 11 thou cream- fac'd loon!
(Ft Limn), Otli. II. iii. 96 (old ballad) Vi'tili that he
cdU'd the iador lown (rliyming with crown).
2 men of low birth Per. iv. vi. 19 both lord and I.
loop': (app.) part of a hinge 0th. iir. iii. 3GG no
hiiii/e nor l.To hang adouhton. ^ A north-country
sense.
loop-: loop-hole, opening IH-l iv. i. 71 all siyhi-
liiilis, every loop.
looped (S.) : having loop-holes Lr. iii. iv. 31 Your
I. (Did window'd riififiedness (Qq loopt ; Ff lop'd).
•f[ A different word from ' looped '=arranged or
made up in loops, which is not S.
loose sb.: lit. discliarge of an arrow; hence fig.
\Aiv.at his[\. e. time's] very I., at the last moment
LLL. v. ii. 750.
loose adj. (1 cf. ' Mosquettiers . . . are not be im-
ployed as loose shot in skirmishes', Sir J. Smyth,
loyO) [H8 v. iv. 60.
1 loose shot, marksmen not attached to a company
2 wanting in restraint H8 ii. i. 127, 0th. iii. iii. 417.
3 careless, negligent Troil. in. iii. 41.
loose vb.:
1 to unjoin hands Tit. ll. iii. 243 Thy hand once
wore ; I will not loose aqain.
2 to let fly (an arrow) MND. ii. i. 159, 115 i. ii. 207
many arrows, loosed several ways ; iutr. Tit. iv.
iii. 58 Marcus, loose nhen I bid.
3 to give vent to AYL. iir. v. 103 /. now and then
A scatter d smile, All'sW. ii. iii. 172 both iny
revenge and hate Loosing upon thee.
loosen : to make a breacli between (S.) Lr. v. i. 19.
lop : smaller branches and twigs H8 i. ii. 96.
lorded : raised to the position of a lord Tp. i. ii. 97.
lording': [i. i. 146.
1 Inid Sonn. Music 1 [Pilgr. 211]; pl. = Sirs!2H6
2 liinlling, petty lord Wint. i. ii. 62.
lordliness : lordly state or office Ant. v. ii. 160.
lordship: authority of a husband MND. i. i. 81,
AH'sW. V. iii. 157.
lose (in old edd. freq. spelt Zoosc)
1 to destroy, ruin 1H4 i. iii. 88, H8111. i. 106, Ham.
III. ii. 207 yVhat to ourselves m passion we jiropose.
The passion ending, doth the purpose lose, Cym. 11.
iv. bd gains or loses Your strord or mine ; to ruin
in estimation Lr. i. i. 236 JJath lost me in your
liking. See also lost.
2 to forget LLL. iv. iii. 73 lose an oath, MND. i. i. 114
being over-full of self-affairs, My mind did lose it,
H8 II. i. 57 go home and lose me, Ven. 408, Lucr.
1580 ; (?) refl. in Err. i. ii. 30.
3 to cause (a pei-son) the loss of Tw.N, 11. ii. 21,
Lr. I. ii. 129 it shall lose thee nollinig.
4 to miss (one's aim) Ant. iv. xii. [xiv.] 71.
5 refl. to lose one's wits Ant. i. ii. 126.
losing: resulting in loss Mer.V. iv. i. 62 A I. suit,
211 1 I. i. 101 a I. office, Cxs. v. v. .% /7(/.s/. day.
loss (2 if. ' vp pcync of los of lyf, Chaucer: in
'I'w.N. V. i. 62 the tongue ofl. = ' the report of tlie
losers', Wright).
1 jierdition, ruin, destiiiction All'sW. iii. ii. 44,
Lr. III. vi. 104 his life, With thine . . . Stand m
assured loss. Ant. iv. x. 42 [xii. 29] ; probablj'
also in Wint. 11. iii. 191 *, 118 11. ii. 31 \
2 life's loss, being put to deatli John iv. iii. 106.
3 failure to make good use of (time, &c.) Gent. 1.
iii. 19, Lucr. 1420 /(»■ loss of Nestor's golden words.
4 default, lack Meas. 11. iv. 91 m the loss of question*
( = provided there is no dispute).
5 failure of the scent Shr. Ind. i. 23 at the merest
loss (=wlien the scent was quite lost).
lost:
1 brought to destruction or death, perished All'sW.
I. iii. 238, Wint. v. iii. 135, H8 iv. i. 96 that title's
lost Mac. I. iii. 24.
2 give lost, despair of Wint. iii. ii. 96.
3 spent to no advantage, (hence) vain, groundless
R3 II. ii. 11 It were lost sorrow, 0th. v. ii. 268 a
lost fear. [vii. 54.
4 bewildered, perplexed Mac. ir. ii. 72, Hani. iv.
lot: prize in alottery ; allusive plir. lots to blanks,
a thousand to one Cor. v. ii. 10.
lottery (2 is S. only)
1 decision by casting lots Troil. 11. i. 140 ; by I.,
by chance Cies. 11. i. 119.
2 what falls to one by lot Ant. 11. ii. 251.
loud (2 and 3 are S. only)
1 full of noise John v. iv. 14 this loud day.
2 pressing, urgent 0th. l. i. 151 loud reason. [39.
3 to the loudest, at the top of my voice Wint. 11. ii.
loiise: to be infested with lice (S.) Lr. iii. ii. 29.
lousy : only fig. = ' scurvy ', contemptible ; in 2H6
jv. i. 50 Ff loivsie, Qq loirly.
lout: to insult, mock 1H6 iv. iii. 13.
love sb. (3 an Eliz. sense)
1 act of kindness John iv. i. 49, Per. 11. iv. 49.
2 dear friend Mer.V. iv. i. 278, Sonn. xiii. 1, &c.
3 paramour Wiv. lu. v. 81.
4 phr. for one's love, for one's sake, on one's
account LLL. v. ii. 848 ; of all loves, phr. of strong
adjuration or entreaty AViv. 11. ii. 119, MND. 11.
ii. 154 Speak, of all loves, 0th. ill. i. 13 {Ff for
love's sake); out of love with, unfavourably inclined
to, disgusted with Gent. iv. iv. 212, Meas. iii. i.
172 lam so out of loie with life, 2H4 11. ii. 15.
love vb.: to love one another AYL. i. i. 120, 2H6
IV. vii. 138, Cres. iv. iii. 130 Love, and be/riends.
Ant. I. iii. 88.
love-book, liouk treating of love (S.) Gent. i. i. 19 ;
love-broker, one who acts as an agent between
luvei-s Tw.N. III. ii.41 ; love-cause (S.), love-
alfair AYL. iv. i. 100 ; love-day, day appointed
fur a meeting to settle a dispute Tit. i. i. 491;
love-feat (S.), act of courtship LLL. v. ii. 123;
love-in-idleness, heartsease, Viola tricolor
MND. II. i. 1(„S; love-juice (S.), juice used
as a philtre MND. iii. ii. 89; love-line (S.),
love-letter AUsW. 11. i. 81.
lovely adj.: amorous, loving Shr. in. ii. 126 a I.
kiss, Pilgr. iv. 3 [44] many a lonly look.
lovely adv.: lovably, beautifully 1H4 111. i. 124,
Oth. IV. ii. 67 117(0 art so lovely fair.
lover (olis. or archaic uses are)
1 friend, well-wisher Mer.V. in. iv. 17, 118 iv. i.
104, Cor. V. ii. 14 Thy general is my lover, Ca>s.
III. ii. 13.
2 sweetheart, mistress Meas. i. iv. 40, AYL. 111.
iv. 44 the heart of his lover, Cym. v. v. 173.
lover'd: having (such) a lover Conipl. 320.
love-spring: tender 'shoot' of love Err. iii.ii.3.
loving ppl. adj.: of love AYL. v. iv. 198 thy I.
vinjiiiic, Lucr. 480 mif I. tale ; 115 v. Clmr. 20 by a
lii'in'r but I. likilihood (' one which the love oftlio
people leads them to dwell on ', \Vrii;lit). T] Tho
usu. sense is ' alfectionate ', ' friendly '.
low adj. (see also loweu)
1 short, not fall Ado I. i. 179, MND. 111. ii. 295 so
dwarfish and so low, AY'L. iv. iii. 89.
2 mean, l>ase 1114 in. ii. 12 low desires, 2114 11. ii.
194, Lr. 11. ii. 119, 11. iii. 17.
3 lowly, humble, meek Mer.V. I. iii. 44 low siin-
I.OW-
133
— MAIM
phcitij, Tw.N. III. iv. 380 my lean and low abili/;j,
K3 jv. iv. 356 (Qq lore), Cym. ni. ii. 10, iii. iii. 85.
4 not flourishing Mer.V. ill. ii. 318 mij estate is lerij
low, IH-t IV. iii. 57, Per. n. i. 152 my low fortunes.
5 not loud LLL. iv. iii. 335 will hear the lowest sound,
Slir. Ind. i. 114 soft low ionyiie ; so low-tongued
Ant. III. iii. 12 is she sln-ill-tonf/n'd or low ?.
low adv. : poorly, on poor diet 1H4 i. iii. 167.
low interj.: see loo.
low-crooked : bent low Caes. in. i. 43.
low Dutch : Germans of the sea-coast or the flat
countries of the north and north-west All's W.
IV. i. 76.
lower adj.: I. chair, (?) easy chair Moas. ii. i. 137 ;
tlie or this I. world (not pre-S.), the earth Tp. ill.
iii. 54, R2 in. ii. 38.
lowliness: low ox mean condition LLL. iv. i. 81,
115 IV. viii. 55.
lowly adj.: (?) lying low (in death) 1H6 in. iii. 47.
lowly adv.: meanly AH'sW. ii. ii. 3 lowly iawjht.
lowness : abasement Lr. in. iv. 70 ; baseness Ant.
III. ix. [xi.] 63.
loyal : legitimate Lr. ii. i. 86 L. and natural hoy.
lozel: worthless fellow, rascal Wint. n. iii. 103.
liibtoer : clumsy stupid fellow, lout Gent. ii. v. 47,
Lr. I. iv. 101 If youi tvill measure your l-s length
(tf/ain.
lubberly : loutish AVi v. v. v. 202 [195] re great I. hoy.
luce: pike, as a heraldic bearing Wiv. i. i. 16.
IiUcina : goddess of childbirth Cym. v. iv. 43, Per.
I. i. 8.
lucre: acquisition or gain (of something) 1H6 v.
iv. 141 /or lucre of the rest unvanqiiish'd.
Lud's town : London, Cym. in. i. 32. "H So called
alter a mythical King Lud.
luggag'e: heavy stutf to be carried, lumber Tp. iv.
i. 233, v. i. 298, 1H4 v. iv. 160; baggage of an
army H5 iv. iv. 80, iv. vii. 1.
lull : old form of ' loll ' R3 in. vii. 71.
lullaby : good-night, farewell Tw.N. v. i. 48,
Sonn. Music i. 15 [Pilgr. 225].
lump : used with lef. to the piece of clay taken
up by a potter or sculptor for one operation 118
II. ii. 49 Lie like one I. before him, to befashion'd. . .
lumpish: low-spirited, dejected Gent. iii. ii. 62.
lunes : fits of frenzy or lunacy, mad freaks Wint.
n. ii. 30 These . . . unsafe lunes i' the king; in
mod. edd. for lines (see line sb.' 7) in Wiv. iv. ii.
22, Troil. ii. iii. 140, and for lunacies (Qq browes
? misprint) in Ham. in. iii. 7.
Ltipercal: Roman festival of Lupercus (Pan), Cks.
in. ii. 101.
lurch (both were common 16th-17th cent, uses)
1 to lurk about with evil design Wiv. n. ii. 27 to
shuffle, to hedge, and to larch.
2 to cheat, rob Cor. n. ii. 106.
lure sb. : apparatus used by falconers to recall their
hawks, 'being made of feathers and leather in
such wise that in the motion it looks not vnlike
afowle' (Latham, 1615) Shr. iv. i. 195 she never
looks upon her I., Yen. 1027 As falcon to the lure.
lure vb.: to recall (a hawk) to the lure Kom. n. ii.
159 To lure this tassel-gentle back again.
lush ; succulent and luxuriant Tp. ii. i. 55. ^ The
literary currency of this sense is due to S.
lust (neither sense sui-vived the 17th cent.)
1 pleasure, delight Tim. iv. iii. 494, Lucr. 1384
Gazing tipon the Greeks with little lust.
2 desire Troil. iv. iv. 132 to my lust=a.a I please.
lust-breathed*: (a) inspired by lust, (b) ' breathing
out ' lust Lucr. 3 L. Tarquin.
lust-dieted : app. feeding gluttonously Lr.iv.i.70.
lustihood : bodily vigour Ado v. i. 76, Troil. ii. ii.50.
Insty (the main sense is ' vigorous '; often a vague
epithet, so that it is difficult to say how far sense
1 and the common Eliz. meaning of ' pleasing,
pleasant' are represented in S.; 2 was in use
from Chaucer to Dryden)
1 merry AYL. iv. ii. 17 the lusty horn, John i. i.
108 this same lusty qentleman.
2 lustful 0th. n. i. 307* the lusty Moor (Qq lustfull).
lute: stringed musical instrument, in vogue 14th-
17th cent.; /.-C((seH5 III. ii. 47, /.-4/)(»i(/Adoin.ii.61.
luxurious: lascivious, lustful Ado iv. i. 41, H5
IV. iv. 20 ; so Ivixuriously Ant. in. xi. [xiii.l 120.
luxury: lasciviousness, lust Wiv. v. v. 100, Ham.
I. V. 83.
Lycurgus: legislator of Sparta, Cor. n. i. Gl.
lymt : laie form of ' lyam ' in the sense of ' lyam-
lioiuKl '= bloodhound, proposed by Hanmer in
Lr. III. vi. 72 (Qq him. Ft Hym).
M
mace : staff of office carried by a sergeant Err. iv.
iii. 27 ; attributed to sleep Cies. iv. iii. 267 0
murderous slumber! Lay'st tliou thy leaden mace
upon my hoy? (i.e. as if arresting liim) ; sceptre
of sovereignty H5 iv. i. 281, 2H6 iv. vii. 143.
Machiavel : intriiiuer, unscrupulous schemer
Wiv. in. i. 104, 1H6 v. iv. 74, 3H6 in. ii. 193.
machine : bodily frame (not pre-S.) Ham. ii. ii. 123.
maculate: stained, polluted LLL. i. ii. 98.
maculation: stain of impurity Troil. iv. iv. 64.
mad vb. : to make mad, madden (fieq.) ; to bemad
2H0 III. ii. 117 madding Lido.
mad-bred : prodiietd by madness 2H6 in. i. 354.
made-up : consummate, accomplished Tim. v. i.l03.
m.adonna: Italian form of address = my lady,
madam Tw.N. i. v. 46, &c.
madrigal : properly, (1) short lyrical poem, (2)
kind of part-song forming a musical setting to
such poems ; hence gen., song, ditty Wiv. in. i.
\8 Melodious birds sing madrigals.
maggot-pie: magpie Mac. in. iv. 125.
magnanimity : courage, fortitude 3H6 v. iv. 41.
magnanimous : great in courage, nobly valiant
All'sW. III. vi. 69, 2H4 iir. ii. 173 most ni. mouse,
H5 III. vi. 6 as m. as Agamemnon, Troil. ii. ii. 200
valiant and magnanimous deeds.
maguifico : title given to the magnates of Venice
Mer.V. in. ii. 281, Otli. i. ii. 12.
Mahu : name of a fiend taken from Harsnet (cf.
Flibbertigibbet) Lr. in. iv. 148, iv. i. 61.
maid-child (not post-S.) : female child Per. v. iii. 6.
maiden : very freq. as adj. = (1) virgin 1H6 iv. vii.
38 Thou m. youth ; (2) belonging to or befitting a
maiden Tw.N. v. i. 265 my m. weeds, 1H6 n. iv.
47 this pale and m. blossom, v. iv. 52, H8 iv. ii.
170 strew me over With m. Jlowers, Rom. n. ii. 86
a m. blush ; (3) of a fortress, &c., that has never
been taken Lucr. 408 ; (4) untried in warfare or
bloodshed, (hence) innocent, bloodless John xv.
ii. 252 a maiden and an innocent hand, 1H4 v. iv.
\mflish\l Thii m. sword, Troil. iv. v. 87 A m. battle.
m.aidenhead (freq.) : virginity Shr. in. ii. 228.
maiden-widowed : widowed while still a maiden
Rom. in. ii. 135.
maidhood : maidenhood Tw.N. in. i. 164, 0th. i.
i. 173.
Maid Marian: female personage in the May-game
and morris dance 1H4 in. iii. 128. [98.
maid-pale: white-eomplexioned (fig.) R2 in. iii.
mail: piece of mail-armour Troil. in. iii. 152.
mailed up : wrapped up, enveloped 2H6 n. iv. 31
ilail'd up in shame, with papers on my back.
maim. sb. : mutilation or mutilating wound, (hence
fig.) grave defect or disablement R2 i. iii. 156,
10
MAIN- t
]H4 IV. i. 42 Yoiir/atlier's sickness is a in. to vs,
2H6h. iii. 41, Cor. iv. v. 92.
main sb.' (the orig. sense of ' strength ' is probably
represented in Troil. ii. iii. 276 nnth all our main
of power)
1 chief or m.iin part, main body (of something)
Mer.V. V. i. 97 Etitpltes ilself, as doth an inland
brook Inlo the main of waters, Ham. iv. iv. 15
Ujiainst the main of Poland.
2 principal point, cliief concern Ham. ii. ii. 56.
3 mainland Lr. iii. i. 6 swell the curled toaters 'bote
ilie viatn.
4 'main sea', ocean John ir. i. 26 England, hed(/'d
in H-ith the mam, R3 I. iv. 20, Otii. n. i. 3, '39,
Sonn. Ixiv. 7 the watery main, Ixxx. 8.
main sb.^: in tlie game of hazard, a ntinibcr (from
five to nine inclusive) called by tlie 'caster' before
tlie dice are tlirown ; only lig. (cf. main chance)
1H4 IV. i. 47 to set so rich n mam On the nice hazard
of one doubtful hour, 2H6 I. i. 209 look unto the
main ( = the most important thing at stake).
main adj. (6 is tlie commonest S. sense)
1 exerted to the full, overpowering 2H6 i. i. 211 by
main force, 118 ii. ii. 7 main power.
2 liiglily important, momentous H8 in. ii. 216 this
main secret.
3 very great in degree All'sW. in. vi. 16 a m. danf/cr.
4 chiefinsizeorextent, chief part of AYL. III. v. 103
the main hancst ; m. battle, tlie body of troops form-
ing the bulk of an army 3H6 i. i. 8, R3 v. iii. 300.
6 general H5 i. ii. 144 tlie main intendment of tlie
IScot, H8 III. i. 92, IV. i. 31 the main assent. Troll.
I. iii. 373, Cces. ii. i. 196 the main opinion he held
once. Ham. i. iii. 28.
6 principal, cliief All'sW. iv. iii. 104, H8 ii. ii. 41,
Cor. IV. iii. 20, Ham. i. i. 105, Ant. i. ii. 204.
7 main flood, high tide Mer.V. iv. i. 72.
main vb.: old form of ' maim ' 2H6 iv. ii. 176 there-
by IS Knfiland mamed, and fain to yo with a staff.
main chance: as a term in hazard = main sb.^,
used tig. (1) general probability as to the future
2H4 111. i. 83 prophesy . . . of the m. ofthinr/s ; (2)
most important matter at stake 2H6 i. i. 213.
niain-course : mainsail Tp. i. i. 40.
mainly: forcibly, violently 1H4 ii. iv. 226 m.
thrust at me ; greatly, very much Ham. iv. vii. 9 ;
so m., so much Troil. iv. iv. 85 ; entirely, perfect-
ly Lr. IV. vii. 65 m. ignorant What place this is.
maintain (the less freq. uses are the foil.)
1 to carry on (conversation) Ado iv. i. 185, Tw.N.
IV. ii. !()% Maintain no worils with liim.
2 to bear the expense of, afford Shr. v. i. 78.
3 to sustain (a part) LLL. v. ii. 900.
maintenance: bearing, demeanour 1H4 v. iv. 22.
major : adj. greater Cur. ii. i. 66 the m. part ; para-
mount to all other claims Troil. v. i. 49 My major
row lies here ; — sb. major premiss of a syllogism
1H4 II. iv. 552 [544] I'deny your major. [109.
majority: superiority, pre-eminence 1H4 iii. ii.
make sb. : mate, husband or wife Lr. iv. iii. 36 one
self mate and make (Qi ; the rest mate).
make vb. (6 always coupled with meddle)
1 to give (a dinner, &c.) H8 i. iii. 62.
2 to get together (a force), muster, raise R3 iv. iv.
451, Cor. V. i. 37 ; see also head sb. 7.
5 to shut, close, bar Err. iii. i. 93 the doors are made
against you, AYL. rv. i. 168.
4 to represent, regard, consider (a thing as so-and-
so) Meas. v. i. 51, Shr. iii. ii. 194, All'sW. ii. ii.
6, II. iv. 51, v. iii. 5, Wint. I. ii. 388, 2H4 i. ii. 89,
Cor. I. i. 181.
5 to do, in What m. you?, What m-s he? and the like
Wiv. II. i. 243, R3 i. iii. 1C4, 0th. iii. iv. 168.
6 to have to do (with a person or in a matter) Wiv.
1 — MAW
I. iv. 115, Ado III. iii. 56 the less you meddle and
make with them, Troil, I. i. 14, 87.
7 to go Err. i. i. 92, Lr. i. i. 145 The bow is bent and
draun ; m.from the shaft, Yen, 5 Venus m-s amain
iinto him.
make away, (1) put an end to, destroy 2H6 in. i.
167 to make anay my i/Hilthss life, Yen. 763 So in
thysdf thyself art made away', Sonn. xi. 8 And
threescore year ivonld make the world away, (2)
intr. set out R3iv. iv. 528 (Qq) ; make forth, go
forward, advance H5 n. iv. 5, Cies. v. i. 25 ; make
out, sally forth Tw.N. ii. v. 66; make np, (1)
complete R3 i. i. 21 sent before my time Inlo this
bnatlinig world, scarce lialf made up, Cym. iv. ii.
109 Being scarce made up . . . to man; (2) get
togetlier, collect 2H6 ii. i. 39 31ake iip no factious
viunbers, Cses. iv. iii. 207 ; (3) compile, draw up
H8 I. i. 75 ; (4) form (a total) LLL. iv. iii. 207; (5)
constitute, compose 3H6 i. iv. 25 The sands , , .
that make up my life, Rom. v. i. 48 to make tip a
show ; (6) set out the items of (an account) Cor.
I. i. 150 make my audit rip; (7) come to (a decision)
Troil. II. ii. 170 to make up a free determination ;
pass. (?) to have made up one'smind John ii.i.541'*
I know she is not for this match made up (Fj); intr.
Lr. I. i. 209 Election makes not up on such conditions
( = does not come to a decision).
makeless[see make sb.]: husbandless Sonn. ix. 4.
making' (2 not prc-S.)
1 form, shape, build, make Err. JV. ii. 22, MXD. ii.
i. 32. [i. 87.
2 the m-s of, the materials that go to make H8 iv.
malapert : impudent, saucy Tw.N. iv. i. 48, R3 i.
iii. 255.
m.alcontent: the usual 16th-17th cent, form is
maUi'ontent 3H6 iv. i. 10, 60 (Fi). [621].
malefaction (not pre-S.) : evil-doing Ham. ii. ii. 629
malevolent: (of a star) exercising a baleful in-
fluence (fig.) 1H4 I. i. 97 (cf. aspect).
malice (1 and 2 in use late 14th to late 17th c.)
1 power to harm Jolin n. i. 251 Our cannons' m.
2 malicious act Cor. ii. ii. 37.
malicious: violent John n. i. 314 this hot m. day.
maliciously: violently Wint. i. ii. 321, Ant. in.
xi. [xiii.] \18 fight mahcionsly.
malign: to regard with hatred or en\'y Cor. i. i.
119 ynu malign our senators, Per. v. i. 90.
malignant (3 orig. astrological ; the mod. sense oc-
curs tliiice Tp. I. ii. 257, R3 ii. ii. 52, H8i. ii. 141)
1 rebellious against God 0th. v. ii. 352*.
2 (of a disease) virulent All'sW. ii. i. 114.
3 of evil or baleful influence Gent. in. i. 239 some
m. power upon my life, 1116 iv. v. & m. ... stars.
malkin : untidy female servant, slut Cor. ii. i. 227,
Per. IV. iii. 34. T] A diminutive of 'Malde' =
Maud, Matilda; it occurs in gkaymalkin.
Mall: petform of 'Maud' Tp. n. li. 51; Tw.N. i. iii.
137 Mistress J/., (?) the kitchen-maid (cf. malkin).
mallecho: see michixg mai.icho.
malmsey-nose : red-nosed 2H4 n. i. 44. Tj Cf.
'Malmesoy', a jolly, red nose (Diet, of Canting
Crew).
malt-horse : lie.avy kind of horse used by malt-
sters ; only as a term of abuse Err. in. i. 32, Shr.
IV. i. 132.
malt-worm : toper 1H4 ii. i. 83, 2H4 ii. iv. 366.
mammer : orig. to stammer, mutter, (hence) to
waver Otli. in. iii. 70 (Qi muttering). [186.
mammet: doll, puppet 1H4 ii. iii. 97, Rom. in. v.
mammock vb. (not pre-S.): to break intofragmenta
Cor. I. iii. 71 0! Iwarrant, how lie mnmiiiocked it.
mansb.: Since I was man, since I was Ixirn Lr. in.
ii. 45 ; / write man, I am entitled by my years to
call myself a man All'sW. ii. iii. 201 ; 2HG iv. ii.
UAN-
135
-MABK
Silicas neiey mine own man since =v/ha.t I used to
be; Tp. V. i. 213 wo man Has his on n = in Inssennes.
man vb, (in 0th. v. ii. 209 Han but a rush ucjainsl
Othello's breast, the metaphor may be from the
manning of a gun)
1 to provide (one) witli attendants 2H4 r. ii. 18 1
lias never manned with an ayale till now, 59.
2 to accustom (a hawk) to the presence of men Shr.
IV, i. 196 Another way . . . to man my haijijard.
xaanag'e sb. (1 used botli lit. and fig.)
1 training of a horse in its paces R2 lii. iii. 179 the
III. of unruly jades, 1H4 ir. iii. 54 terms of m., 118
V. iii. 24 spur 'em, Till they obey tlie m.. Per. iv.
vi. 70, Compl. 112.
2 action and paces to whicli a horse is trained
AYL. I. i. 13 lUs horses . . . are taught (heir in.
3 sliort gallop af full sjteed LLL. v. ii. 483 this brave
iiiaiiaijef, this career ((Ji nuaye, Q2 Vi inuiiaijer).
4 management, conduct, administration Tp. i. Ii.
70 The m. of my stale, Mer.V. in. iv. 25, John i. i.
37, R2 I. iv. 39 Expedient m., Troil. ni. iii. 25 ;
bringing about, contrivance Horn. iii. i. 149*.
manage vb. (in Ven. 598 there is probably a ref. to
tlio technical sense of training a liorse)
1 to handle, wield Gent. 111. i. 248, U2 in. ii. 118
m. rusty bills, Koni. i. 1. 75 ; fig. Lr. I. ill. 18.
2 to bring about, contrive 0th. 11. iii. 217.
manager: wielder(of aweapon, Sic.)LLL. i. ii. 191
rust, rapier! be still, drum/ for your m. is in lore.
manakin : little man Tw.N. nr. ii. 59.
mandragora: mandrake Otli. iir. iii. 331.
mandrake : poisonous plant of the genus Mandra-
gora, native to Southern Europe and the Kast,
havingenietic and narcotic properties; itsforked
root is thought to resemble the luinian form and
was fabled to utter a shriek when pulled up 2H<)
iir. ii. 310 the m-'s groan, Rom. iv. iii. 48 .shrieks
like m-s torn out of the earth ; as a term of abuse
2H4 I. ii. 16, HI. ii. 342.
m.ane: applied to the crests of waves Otli. 11. i. 13.
man-entered: initiated into manhood Cor. 11. ii.l04.
manhood: condition of being a man; as opposed
to 'childhood' R3 iv. iv. 171, Mac. v. ii. 11 ; as
opposed to womanhood Gym. iii. iv. 195. U The
prevailing sense is ' manliness, courage, valour '.
mankind: sh. stressed mei'ttkind and manki'nd (6
out of 8 passages in Tim.) in both senses ' human
race' and 'male sex' ; — adj. masculine, virago-
like Wint. II. iii. 67 A ma'nkind witch I, Cor. iv.
ii. 16 Are you tna'nki>id?.
manly adv.: gallantly, bravely (S.) Mac. iv. iii. 234
This time (Rowe tiinci) yoes manly.
manner sb.^ :
1 usage, custom, fashion, e.g. Meas. iv. ii. 138 //
was ever his m. to do so ; Ham. i. iv. 15 to the m.
born destined by birtli to be subject to the
custom in question.
2 pi. moral character, morals Mer.V. 11. iii. 19
though I am a daughter to his blood, I am not to
his m-s, H5 1, ii. 49 some dishonest m-s of their life,
Ham. I. iv. 30 plausive m-s, Lucr. 1397 Their face
their manners . . . told.
3 pi. good way of living 1H4 in. i. 183.
4 pi. forms of politeness Shr. i. i. 245 use your m-s
discreetly, All'sW. iv. v. 94.
5 pi. in plir. in or wilh vi-s, becomingly, decently
Tw.N. II. i. 15, Cym. i. iv. 59, Sonn. xxxix. 1,
ixxxv. 1.
manner sb.^: taken with the »»., taken with the
thing stolen in one's possession, (hence) taken in
the very act LLL. i. i. 203, 1H4 11. iv. 350 ; Wint.
IV. iii. [iv.]755 if you had not taken yourself with
the m. (kept what you were going to give us).
Tl A term of Anglo-French law, orig. 'mainoure"
(= Fr. 'manoeuvre', lit. hand-work), which
acquired the concrete sense of ' thing stolen '.
mannerly adj.: seemly, decent Gent. 11. vii. 58,
Wint. If. i. 85, 1H6 11. iv. 19, Rom. I. v. 102.
mannerly adv.: decently, becomingly Ado 11. i. 80,
m. modest, Mer.V. 11. ix. 100, Cym. ill. vi. 91.
man-qiieller : manslayer, murderer 2H4 11. i. CO.
mansion: dwelling, 'house' Tim. v. i. 220 his
(_iei lasting mansion (i.e. grave) ; cf. ho.me sb. 1.
iransionryt : (?) abode Mac. i. vi. 5 (Ff mansonry,
? misprint for masonry^).
mantle sb. : vegetable coating on the surface of
stagnant water (S.) Lr. iii. iv. 137 the gran m. of
the standing pool ; cf. Tp. IV. i. 182 the Jilthy-
matitkd pool.
mantle vb. (2 cf. mantle sb.)
1 to cover, envelope Tp. v. i. GT the ignorant fumes
that mantle Their clearer reason. Cor. i. vi. 29.
2 to become covered with a coating Mer.V. i. i. 89
cream and mantle like a standing pond.
manvial seal : =seal jianual R3 iv. i. 'lb.
maniire vb.: to till, cultivate Oth. i. iii. 329.
many sb.: multitude 2H4 i. iii. 91 thou fond m..
Cor. III. i. 65 the mutable, rank-sctnted many (so
F4 ; Ff 1 2 3 Meyny, Meynie).
many adj.: m. a day, a long time ago H8 v. ii. 20
(contrast for this m. a d((i/=all this long time
Ham. III. i. 91) ; m. a m. =many and many a John
I. i. 183 ; followed by a possessive pron. Tim. in.
vi. 11 m. my near occasions ( = iiiany urgent affairs
(if mine). Ant. l. ii. 195 w. our contriving friends ;
used once in the possessive form Sonn. xciii. 7
In many's looks.
map : fig. detailed representation in epitome, also
cniboiliment, very picture or image (of some-
thing) R2 V. i. 12 Thou, map of honour, 2H6 111. i.
203, (Jor. II. i. 69 in the map of my microcosm,Tit.
III. ii. 12 Thou map of woe, Lucr. 402, 1712, Sonn.
Ixviii. 1 Thus is his cheek tlic map of days out-
irorn. ^ Freq. 17tli cent. uses. [iii. 205.
mappery : map-making (contemptuous) Troil. I.
marble (2 cf. Cym. v. iv. 87 thy m. mansion, 120)
1 hard-hearted Wint. v. ii. 100 Who was most m.
there changed colour, 3H6 in. i. 38 a m. heart ; cf.
m.-breasted Tw.N. v. i. 128, m.-hearlid Lr. i. iv. 283.
2 (of the heavens) shining like marble Oth. in. iii.
461 yond marble heaven.
marble- constant : firm as marble Ant. v. ii. 2.39.
marbled : = MARBLE 2, Tim. iv. iii. 192 the marbled
mansion all above ( = the heavens).
marcantant : corruption of Italian ' mercatante '
= niercliant Shr. iv. ii. 63.
March chick : fig. precocious vouth Adoi. iii. 58.
marches: the Scottish or Welsh border H5 i. ii.
140, 3H6 n. i. 140.
marchpane: confectionery made of almond paste,
sugar, &c., marzipan Rom. i. v. 9.
mare': The man shall have his m. again, all will
come right in tlie end MND. in. ii. 463 ; ride the
wild mare, play at see-saw 2H4 11. iv. 268 ; Whose
mare is dead 1 Wliat is amiss? 2H4 11. i. 48.
mare ^ : nightmare 2H4 11. i. 86.
margent (' margin ' is not a S. word)
1 edge, border, brink MND. n. i. 85 the beached m.
of the sea, Compl. 39.
2 margin of a page of a book ; lience, commentary
(from the fact that the margin is used for a com-
mentary on tlie text) Ham. v. ii. 162 ; esp. of the
eyes as 'illuminating' the countenance LLL. n.
i. 244, Rom. I. iii. 86 written in the m. of his eyes,
Lucr. 102.
marisht (Pope) : marsh, swamp 1H6 i. i. 50 a m.
of salt tears (old edd. nourish).
mark ' (1 freq. in the literal sense)
MARK
136
— MASTER
1 target, butt ; fig. plir. hci/oiid the m. of, l)eyoiul
tlio rcatli of Cor. ii. ii. 9-1 liej'oiii/hl beyond the m.
ofolliers. Ant. iii. vi. 87 Beyond the m. of tlioujilit.
2 O'od bless or srire the m., probably orig. a formula
to avert an evil omen, and lience used by way of
apology when anything disagreeable or improper
lias been mentioned, or to express impatient
scorn at something said by the speaker Gent. iv.
iv. 21, 1H4 I. iii. 50, Kom. in. ii. 53, Otb. l. i. 33.
3 attention, notice, obsei-vancc Meas. v. i. 320 As
much in mock as m., Oih. ii. iii. S2b (he cotiteinpln-
iion, m., and denotement of her jmrls •,—o/no ni. of
no importance or note 1H4 iii. ii. 45.
4 object serving to mark a spot at sea, sea-mark
Sonn. c.wi. 5 an eeer-fixed m., That looks on tem-
pests and is neier shaken; lig. guiding object,
' example, pattern ' (Schmidt) Wint. iv. iii. [iv.]
8 Your hir/li self, The gracious m. o' the land, 2H4
II. iii. 31 the m.'and f/lass . . . That fashion d others.
mark ^ : sum of 13.«. Ad. (freq.).
market: hhh.ui.i.Wfi he ended the m. is an allusion
to tlie proverb ' Three women and a goose make
a market') ; R3 I. i. 159 Iran before my horse to
JO., I count the gain before the bargain is made ;
Ham. IV. iv. 34 m. of his time*, (a) lit. marketing
or selling of his time, i. e. the best use he makes of
Jiistime; (b) 'that for which lie sells his time' OT.).
market-ljell : bell rung to announce the opening
of a market IHO iii. ii. 16. [man).
mark-man : marksman Rom. i. i. 212 (Ff 3 4 Marks-
marl : clay, earth Ado ir. i. 07 « clod of wayward
marl (= a man).
marmoset: small monkey Tp. 11. ii. 183 [174].
marquess (3 a common 16th-17th cent, use)
1 in Latin countries, grade of noble rank 1)elow
those of duke and count Mer.V. I. ii. 123 the
3Iarqness of Montferrat.
2 in England, degree of tlie peerage between those of
duke and earl 2Hf) i. i. 64 Lord m., 3H6 iii. iii. 164
M. Montaejue, R3 l. iii. 255 Master marquess,
3 marchioness H8 v. iii. 169 Lady M. Dorset.
marriage: 3 syll. once, in Lucr. 221.
niarry vb. : freq. fig. = to unite intimately, join close-
ly, c. g. John III. i. 228, Rom. i. iii. 83, Sonu. viii. 6.
marry interj.: orig. the name of the Virgin Mary
used as an oath or invocation : = ' indeed, to be
sure ' Err. 11. ii. 105 M., and did, sir, AU'sW. 11.
iii. 64, R3 1, iii. 261, iii.iv.34 ; esp. (l)in answering
a question, when it often implies surprise that
it should have been asked = 'why' or 'wliy, to
bo sure ' Tp. iii. ii. 47 Will thou be pleas'd? . . .
—M., will I, Gent. 11. i. 66 How painted?— M., sir,
so painted, R3 i. iii. 98 What may she not? She
may, — ay, m., may she. Goes. I. ii. 228 Weis the
croiimoffer'd him thrice? — Ay, m., was't ; (2) with
asseverative words or invocations Tw.N. iv. ii.
Ill God be wi' you . . . 31., amen, R2 iv. i. 114 J/.,
Godforbiel.', Rom. iv. v. 8 God forgive me, M., and
amen ! ; (3) marry come up.' (not pre-S.), used to
ex|)ress indignant or amused surprise or con-
tempt Rom. If. v. 64, Per. iv. vi. 164 ; marry-trap*
(S.), ? be off witli you Wiv. 1. i. 172.
niarshal sb. (scanned as 2 or as 3 syll.)
1 Iiigh officer of state in Eniiland, now called 'enrl
marshal ' 1H4 iv. iv. 2 the lord m., H8 iv. i. 19
earl marshal.
2 officer charged with the arrangement of cere-
monies, esp. with the regulation of combats in
the lists R2 I. i. 204, &c., 2H4 I. iii. 4, &c.; fig.
leader MXD. 11. ii. 120.
3 general officer of t lie highest rank in the French
army Lr. iv. iii. 9 The JJarshal of Fninrc.
marshal vb.: to guide, lead, conduct Mac. it. i. 42,
Ham. III. iv. 205, 0th. 11. i. 270, Per. 11. iii. 19.
Marshalsea ; prison in Southwark (abolished in
1842) under the control of the knight marshal of
the royal household H8 v. iv. 92 (old edd. -sey).
mart sb. (not pre-S. in the sense ' market-place or
hall ' Err. i. ii. 74, ike., Mer.V. in. i. 51)
1 meeting of people for buying and selling, time of
liolding a market Err. i. i. 17 Syracusian m-sand
fairs, Per. iv. ii. bthis mart.
2 buying and selling, traffic Ham. i. i. 74 foreign
m. for implements of war ; bargain Slir. 11. i. 321
[329] venture madly on ei desperate mart.
marts b.: totrafficCym. i. vi.l51 ;trans. totraffic in,
buy or sell Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 364, C<es. iv. iii. 11,
Martial: like that of the war-god Mars, Gym. iv.
ii. -610 his Jhtrtiid thigh.
Martin: Saint M-'s siiinmer, season of fine mild
Weather occurring about Martinmas, Nov. 11 ; fig.
seasouof prosperity after adversity 1116 i. ii. 131.
Martlemas : old form of ' Martinmas '; in 2H4 11.
ii. 112 hoiii doth the m., your master? used deri-
sively of Falstaff ; perhaps short for 'Martlemas
beef ' = meat of an ox slaughtered and salted at
Martinmas ; cf. 1H4 iii. iii. 198 0! my sireet beef.
martlet: swallow or house-martin Mer.V. it. ix.
2S,'!ils.c.i.\i.4 te mple-haunting martlctf (FfBarlet).
martyr (2 a 17th cent, use)
1 to inflict grievous pain upon, torment, torture
Rom. IV. V. 59 haleel, niartgr'd, kill'd.
2 to mutilate, disfigure Tit. iii. i. 82tvho hath m-d
Hue?, 108, V. ii. 181, Lucr. 802.
martyr'd : m. signs, marks of extreme suffering
Tit. III. ii. 36.
marvel sb.: [Gym. in. i. 10.
1 astonishment, wonder Wint. v. i. 188, iii. 100,
2 ii is Wi., it is a wonder Mer.V. 11. vi. 3, Shr. iv.
ii. 86 ; no m. (thouqh), no wonder (if)MND. 11. ii.
96, R3 I. iv. 64, Lr'. 11. i. 100, Ven. 3'JO.
marvellous adv.: wonderfully ; only withadjs.and
advs. (freq.) MND. iv. i. 26 ni. hairy about thefeice.
mary-toud (S.) : bud of a marigold Gym. 11. iii. 26.
masli: (properly) to mix (malt) with water to
form wort, (hence, gen.) to brew, used fig. in
Tit. III. ii. 38 no other drink but tears, Breiv'd with
her sorrow, mash'd upon her clie(ks{o\Ae(\(\. mesh' d).
mask : to take part in a masque or masquerade Rom.
I. V. 41.
masking^, masq.uing': belonging to or taking
part in a masque Mer.V. 11. vi. 59 Our m. mates,
Shr. IV. iii. 87 what masqiiing stuff is here?.
mass (1, 2 are 16th-17tli cent, uses)
1 applied to the earth Ham. 11 r. iv. 49.
2 large amount of money or treasure Wiv. 11. ii.
289 m-es of money, 2H6 i. iii. 134 a mass of public
treasury. [iv. 47.
3 solid bulk, massiveness Troil. I. iii. 29, Ham. iv.
mast : fruit of the beech, oak, or chestnut, serving
as food for swine Tim. iv. iii. 425.
master sb. (old edd. sometimes maister)
1 leader, chief Tit. v. i. 15 bees . . . Led by their jh.
2 captain of a merchant vessel Tp. 11. ii. 49 The m.,
tlie swabber, the boatswain, and I, Mac. i. iii. 7 m.
0' the Tiger ; oflficer having the navigation of a
ship of war 2H6 iv. i. stage dir. a Captain, a
Master, a Meisters-Mate.
3 owner Tp. 11. i. 5 Tlic masters of some merchant.
4 (/oorfm., patron LLL. iv. i. 107, Wint. v. ii. 197 [188].
5 eireed master, chief officer of a roval liouseliold
HS IV. viii. 100.
6 used vocatively as a polite form of address = sir,
pi. gentlemen 1H6 i. i. 152 Farewell, my m-s, 2H6
II. i. 97 A plum-tree, m., Ham. 11. ii. 449 [-140] Joii
are leelcome, masters.
7 title prefixed to a man's name (in old edd.
abbreviated J/, or Mr.), e.g. Wiv. i. i. 46 Master
MASTER
137
MEAN
Thomas Page ; prefixed to a designation of office
or profession Ado iii. iii. 17 Master constable,
LLL. IV. ii. 87 Master (Fi M.) schoolmaster, Tim.
IV. ii. 1 Master (Fi M.) steward.
8 young m., applied by inferiors to the boys and
young men of the families of their superiors
Mcry .uAi.hi young Master Lanncelot \hsLi\iBvinQ\y
in Lr. li. ii. 50 come on, young master.
9 asadj.=main, principal, chief H8 iii. ii. 107 The
m. cord on 's heart. Cues. in. i. 163 The choice and
m. spirits of this age, 0th. il. i. 270 the m. and main
exercise, Per. iv. vi. 8 her master reasons.
master vb. (neither sense is pre-S.)
1 to rule as a mastei', be the master of Cym. iv. ii.
383, 395.
2 to own, possess Mer.V. v. i. 174, 1H4 v. ii. 63,
H5 H. iv. 137,-Lucr. 863, Sonn. cvi. 8.
masterdom : absolute control Mac. i. v. 71.
masterly : Ham. iv. vii. 96 a m. report, 'a report
that describes Laertes as a master of fence '.
master-m,istress : man occupying the position of
a mistress Sonn. xx. 2 m. of my passion.
m.asterpiece : greatest achievement Mac. ii. iii. 72.
mastership (the foil, are the only uses)
1 with possessive pron. (your m.) used as a title
Gent. III. i. 282, Mer.V. ir. ii. 63.
2 masterly or supreme skill Cor. iv. i. 7.
mastick : (?) misprint for mastice, dial, form of
'mastiff', used as adj. =massive Troil. i. iii. 73
When rank Thcrsites opes his m. jaws (mod. edJ.
mastiff f, massive i).
m.atcli sb. (set a match .- see set vb.)
1 opponent, antagonist 2H6 v. ii. 10 m. to m. I hare
encounler'd him.
2 contest viewed with regard to the equality or in-
equality of the parties Troil. iv. v. 46 It were no
m., your nail against liis horn, v. iv. 28 art than
for Jleclor's m.?. Ham. ii. ii. 501 [493] Unequal m.
(Qq matcht).
3 agreement, compact, bargain Wiv. ii. ii. 307 the
hour is fixed, the m. is made, Mer.V. iii. i. 48f()i-
other bad m., 3H6 iii. ii. 57, Troil. iv. v. 37, 269,
Cym. HI. vi. 30 ; a match .', agreed !, done 1 Tp.
II. i. 35, Shr. v. ii. 74, Rom. ii. iv. 76.
match vb. (sense 7 is peculiar to S.)
1 to ally oneself in marriage Ado ii. i. 69 io m. in
my kindred, Tw.N. l. iii. 118, 2H6 i. i. 132, 3H6
III. iii. 210.
2 to associate or join (one) with another Ado ii.'i.
112 God m. me with a good dancer !, LLL. ii. i. 49.
3 to oppose, esp. with equal power MND. iii. ii.
305, 2H6 V. i. 156, Ham. rv. vii. 100, Cym. ii. i.
25 like a cock that nobody can match.
4 intr. to meet in combat, fight John ii. i. 330
Strength match'd with strength.
5 to place in competition wkh Rom. ii. Chor. 4.
6 to be suitable to H5 ii. iv. 130 m-ing to his ijouth.
7 to procure as a match Mer.V. iii. i. 84 Here comes
another of the tribe : a third cannot be matched.
mate sb. (2 sometimes contemptuous)
1 fellow, ' chap ' Shr. i. i. 58, 2H4 ii. iv. 132, 1H6
III. i. 99 an inkhorn mate, R3 i. iii. 340.
2 (on board ship) officer who sees to the execution
of the commands of the master or comniamler
2H6 IV. i. 13 them that art his [the masttrs] male :
assistant to another Tp. ii. ii. 50 The ginuur and
his mate.
mate vb.': to stupefy, confound Err. v. i. 282 1 think
yoii are all m-d or stark mad, JH6 in. i. 265, Mac.
v. i. 85 My mind she has m-d, and amaz'd my sight.
mate vb.2 (the sense ' match, man-y ' also occurs)
1 to rival, vie with H8 lu. ii. 275.
2 to join or couple ivith Ven. 909* Her more than
haste is mated with delays.
material (sense 'important' occurs thrice)
1 forming the substance of a thing Lr. iv. ii. 35 She
that herself will . . . disbranch From her m. sap.
2 full of sense AYL. in. iii. 34 A material fool.
matin (rare sense) : morning Ham. i. v, 89.
matter (1 peculiar to S.)
1 sense, substance (as opposed to nonsense or
tritiing) Ado ii. i. 346 to speak all mirth and no m.,
AYL. II. i. 68 he's full of m., Lr. iv. iv. 179 01
matter and imptrtinency mix'd.
2 phrases : — m. in it, some importance attaching to
it W^int. IV. iii. 880 [iv. 874J, 0th. in. iv. 138 ;
it's no m. for, there is no importanco attaching
to (the thing in question) H5 v. i. 17 'Tis no m.
for his swellings ; esp. it's no m. for that = tbat
does not matter Gent. iii. i. 337, Wiv. i. iv. 120,
Cor. IV. V. 174 ; no such m., nothing of the kind
Ado I. i. 199 [192], Sonn. Ixxxvii. 14 ; used to give
an emphatic negative to a previous statement or
implication Ado ii. iii. 236 [225], v. iv. 82, Tw.N.
III. i. 5, 2H4 Ind. 15, Troil. iii. i. 99, Ham. ii. ii. 279 ;
to the m., to the point Ham. iii. ii. 344 [336], Cym.
V. V. 170 ; off the m., irrelevantly Wiv. in. v. 10.
m.ature (stressed ma'ture in Lr. iv. vi. 283)
1 ripe or ready /or Cor. iv. iii. 26.
2 pertaining to maturity or manhood Wint. I. i. 27
their more mature dignities.
3 (of time) due Lr. iv. vi. 283 in the mature time.
maugre : in spite of Tw.N. in. i. 165, Lr. v. iii. 133.
luaund : woven basket with handles Cumpl. 36.
May : prime Ado v. i. 76 His May of youth ; so May-
mom H5 1, ii. 120 the rcry May-morn of his youth.
may : the orig. sense ' have power or ability, can '
is well represented, as are also the mod. uses;
occas. with ellipsis of vb. of motion MND. in. ii.
4.'J3 That I may back to Athens, 1H4 in. i. 141 you
may away by night ; the idiomatic you may, you
may (Troil. in. i. 120, Cor. n. iii. 39) app. means
go on, go on, divert yourself at my expense.
maypole : jocularly of a tall man MND. in. ii. 296.
maz(z)ard : jocular word for ' head ' Ham. v. i. 95,
0th. n. iii." 157.
m.azed: dazed, bewildered, confused MND. ii. i. 113
the mazed world, H8 ii. iv. 183 maz'd considcrinys.
m.eacock : effeminate, cowardly Shr. ii. i. 307 [315].
meadow: low well-watered ground Tit. in. i. 126.
meag're : poor, barren Mer.V. in. ii. 104, John iii.
i. «0.
nieal'd (S.) : spotted, stained (fig.) Meas. iv. ii. 86
were he m. with that Which hecorrccts. ^ Identical
with Anglo-Saxon 'nia;lan', from 'mar = spot,
mole; of. northern dial, 'mealy ' = spotty, 'mail'
= to spot, stain, ' mail' = mole.
mealy : covered with fine powder Troil. in. iii. 79.
mean sb. (used in sing, and pi. with the sense
' instrument, agency, method, &c. employed for
doing something ' the pi. sometimes taking sing.
concord ; the meaning ' pecuniary resources,' e.g.
Meas. II. ii. 24, is not pre-S.)
1 middle position, medium Mer.V. i. ii. iS scaled in
the m.. Ant. n. vii. 22 the height, the loirncss, or the
m.; moderation 1H6 i. ii. 121 since lie keeps no m.
2 tenor or alto (intermediate between ti'eble and
bass) Gent. i. ii. 93, LLL. v. ii. 329, Wint. iv. ii.
[iii]. 46.
3 something interposed or intervening 3H6 in. ii.
141 the m-s that keep me from it. Ant. in. ii. 32.
4 make m-s, take steps, use efforts Gent. v. iv. 137,
R3 v. iii. 40 make some good m-s to speak with him,
250, Cym. il. iv. 3 What m-s do you make to him ?.
5 opportunity of doing something, of access to a
person, &c. Err. i. ii. 18 liaving so good a m., R3
IV. ii. 75 open means to come to them. Ham. iv. vi.
14 give these fellows some means to the king.
UEAir-
6 (one's) instrumentality, influence, instigation
2H6 III. ii. 124 murder d Bij Suffolk and the Cardinal
Beaufort's m-s, R3 I. ill. 78 Our brother is imprisoned
by your means.
mean adj.: the S. meanings are 'of low degree,
station, orposition'and 'undignitied, low, base' ;
(10 mean, no contemptible (an epithet of praise)
III er. V.I. ii. 7 (Qi) tio meane happinesse (Fino smal).
mean vb.: to lament, 'moan' MND. v. i. 331.
% Tliis form had become restricted to the north
by S.'s time.
meaning': intention, purpose Shr. irr. ii. 127 He
hd'li some vteaning in his mad attire, R2 li. iii. 74,
R3 III. V. 54 Something against our m., Lr. i. ii.
196 (/ there be any good m. toward you, V. iii. 4
tilth best meaning.
meanly ' : poorly,' badly LLL. v. ii. 329 he can sitig
A mean inost m. ; basely, lowlily R3 iv. iii. 37,
Cvm. III. iii. 82. [proud.
meanly ^ : in a slight degree Err. i. i. 58 not m.
meantime: sb. usu. in the m., but once the m. in
the same sense Ant. iii. iv. 25 the m. . . . I'll raise
the preparation of a tear ;— adv. (not pre-S.) used
both in tlie temporal sense, and the adversative
sense = still, nevertheless (Luer. Ded. 5).
measle : loathsome disease Cor. iir. i. 77 those m-s.
Winch icedisdain'should tetter !(.s(old edd. Meazcls).
*i] Tliere is a ref. to the common 16th-17th cent,
use of the word = scurvy wretch.
measurable : suitable, lit LLL. v. i. 99.
measure sb. (the sense 'quantity (of drink),' aris-
ing out of that of 'unit of capacity', develops into
' carouse, toast ' in Mac. iii. iv. 11, 0th. ii. iii. 32)
1 distance of a fencer from his opponent, fig. = reach
Gent. V. iv. 127 Come not within the m.of my wrath.
2 something commensurate or adequate Cor. ii. ii.
128 He cannot but with tn. Jit the honours 'niiick ve
devise him ; satisfaction (of desire) 3H6 ll. iii. 32
7iieasure of revenge.
3 limit, restricted extent Rom. m. ii. 125 no end,
no limit, m., Mac. v. vii. 102 [viii. 73] in m., time,
find place. Ant. iii. iv. 8 most narrow m. ; also in
phr. above m., beyomlall m., out of m. = excessively.
4 moderation Mer.V. in. ii. 112 In m. rain thy joy,
K2 III. iv. 8 When uiy poor heart no m. keeps ingrief.
5 t reatment meted out Meas. III. ii. 2(34 [257], All'sW.
II. iii. 273 hard and undeserved in., 3H6 ll. vi. 65
Measure for measure.
fi metre H5 v. ii. 138 neither troi-ds nor measure.
7 tune, melody John iii. i. 304 tn-s to our pomp.
8 rhythm or time of a piece of music 'Tw.N. v. i. 41
the triplex, sir, is a yood tripping measure.
9 dance, esp. grave or stately dance Ado ii. i. 81
(I Hi. full of state and ancientry, R2 i. iii. 291, iii.
iv. 7, Rom. I. iv. 10, Ven. 1148 tread the measures.
10 stately gait or step Mer.V. ii. vi. 11 His tidious
m-s, AVint. iv. iii. [iv.] 760 the tn. of the court.
measure vb. :
1 m. one's length, fall or lie full length on the
ground MNl). in. ii. 429 To m. out my length on
this cold bed, Lr. I. iv. 100 // you will m. your
lubber's length again ; so Cyiii. i. ii. 26 /(// you had
measured how lung a font you nere upon the ground.
2 measure sirords, fi^'ht AYL. v. iv. 91.
3 to mark out the bounds of AYL. ir. vi. 2.
4 to judge, estimate Wint. ii. i. 113, 2H4 v. ii. 652,
H5 I. ii. 268, Rom. i. i. 132, Sonn. Ixix. 10.
6 to traverse Gent. ii. vii. 10, Mer.V. in. iv. 84 we
must m. twenty miles to-day; togo back upon (one's
steps), retrace (a patli) 'Tp. n. i. 267 [25'J], John
V. V. 3.
6 to tread (a 'measure'), only quibblingly in Rom.
I. iv. 10 We'll measure them a measure, and be gone.
mechniUlc : adj. engaged in a manual occupation
138 —MEET
Ho I. ii. 200 The poor m. porters, Ant. v. ii. 208 m.
sleives ; (hence) vulgar, low Ant. iv. iv. 32 to stand
On more m. compliment ; — sb. handicraftsman (con-
temptuous) Cor. V. iii. 83 Do not bid me . . . capitu-
late Again with Rome's mechanics.
mechanical: adj. = mechanic adj. Wiv. ii. ii. 295
m . salt-butter rogue, 2H4 v. v. 39 m. and dirty hand,
Ca?s. I. i. 3; — sb. =mechanic sb. MND. in. ii. 9
rude mechanicals, 2H6 i. iii. 196.
m.edal: metal disk used as trinket, locket Wint.
I. ii. 307 he that wears her like her medal, hanging
About his neck.
meddle (1, 2 late exx. of these senses)
1 to mingle Tp. i. ii. 22 More to know Bid never m.
with my thoughts.
2 to ' mingle ' in fight, engage in conflict Tw.N. in.
iv. 278 meddle you must.
3 to have dealings, concern oneself with Ado in. iii.
3t, Shr. n. i. 25 m. not with her, All'sW. iv. iii. 41,
Rom. I. ii. 40 the shoemaker should m. with his yard.
me'dicinable : healing, medicinal Ado n. ii. 5 (Fi
mcdicinable), Troil. I. iii. 91 (Q Ff med'cinable),
0th. v. ii. 350 Their m. gum (Qq medicinall), Cyni.
III. ii. 33 Some griefs are m. (f'fiaa medcinable).
me'dicinal : Wint. n. iii. 37 words as m. as true ;
see also the prec. word.
medicine sb.': applied, as commonly from 1400 to
S.'s time, to drugs, &c., used for other than reme-
dial purposes ; e.g. the philosopher's stone or
elixir All'sW. v. iii. 102 multiplying m.. Ant. i.
V. 36 that good m. ; poison Lr. v. iii. 97, 0th. iv.
i. 46 Work on. My m., work! ; a philtre 1H4 ii.
ii. 20, 22, 0th. i. iii. 61.
medicine sb.=: doctor, physician All'sW. ii. i. 75 ;
fig. Wint. IV. iii. [iv.] 600, Mac. v. ii. 27.
medicine vb. : to heal, cure Cym. iv. ii. 243 Great
griefs . . . m. the less ; to bring by medicinal means
to 0th. in. iii. 333 m. thee to that sweet sleep.
medlar : the tree Mespiius germanica, or its fruit
which is like a small brown-skinned apple and is
eaten when decayed to a soft pulpy state ; always
with quibble on 'meddler' Meas. iv. iii. 188, AYL.
in. ii. 126, 129, Rom. n. i. 34, Tim. iv. iii. .305.
meed ('recompense, reward ' is the prevalent sense)
1 gift (S.) Tim. I. i. 288*.
2 merit, worth 3H6 ii. i. .36 Each one already blazing
by our m-s, iv. viii. 38 my m. hath got me fame.
Ham. V. ii. 149 in his meed he's unfellowed.
meek (the moral sense also occurs)
1 mild, merciful, gentle Tim. in. vi. 106 affable
wolves, meek bears, Cass. in. i. 255 That I am meek
and gentle with these butchers.
2 subdued, spiritless, tame Ant. Y. ii. 161, Lucr.
710 alt recreant, poor, and meek.
meered : see mered.
meet : adj. be meet with (not prc-S.), be even or quits
with Ado I. i. 47 ;— adv. fitly All'sW. v. iii. 338
)/ it end so meet.
meet vb. (l=mod. 'meet with' ; 2 now expressed
by the simple ' meet ')
1 to encounter, experience, receive, gain Gent. i.
i. 15 When thou dost meet good hap, 1H4 v. v. 42
Meeting the check of such another day, 2H4 iv. v.
184 Bg what by-paths I met this crown, Lr. in. vii.
101 If she live long, And . . . meet the old course of
death.
2 m.with, (i) come face to face with or into the com-
pany of Gent. V. ii. 45, Err. i. ii. 27 I'll meet with
you upon the mart, Mac. i. i. 7 There to meet with
Macbeth ; (ii) encounter (an enemy, &c.) 1H4 iv.
iv. 13 The king with mighty . . . power Meets with
Lord Harry, 2H4 li. iii. iS I must go and meet with
danger there.
3 to come to a meeting, keep an appointment Wiv.
MEETING
139
MESS
II. iii. 5 'Tis past the hour, sir, that Sir Huf/h
promised to meet. Mens. iv. i. 20, AYL. v. ii. 131.
meeting': meeting-place (once) 1H4 in. ii. 174.
lueetly lonce) : fairly good or well Ant. i. iii. 81.
lueetness (once) : fitness Sonn. cxviii. 7.
meinie, meiny (2 used by Day, 1609)
1 body of retainers Lr. ii. iv. 35 (Qq men).
2 common herd, vulgus Cor. iii. i. 65 the mutable,
riDik-scented m. (F4 many).
luelanclioly : ill-temper, sullenness John in. iii.
42 that surly spirit, m. ^ A late instance of
a sense current from the 14th cent.
inell: = MEDDLE 3 All'sW. iv. iii. 258.
melt : to weaken, enervate Ado rv. i. 325 manhood
is m-ed into curtsies, Tim. iv. iii. 257 thou icouldst
liaie . . . melted down thy youth.
meltingf : yielding or softening to emotion, tender
(hence of eyes, &c.) tearful 2H4 iv. iv. 32 m.
charity, 3H6 i. iv. 174 thy m. tears, 11. ii. 41 thy
m. heart, Ca-s. 11. i. 122 The m. sptriis of leomen,
0th. V. ii. 348 unused to the m. mood, Yen. 315 his
mel/ing buttock. [dial.)
member (1 now Warwickshire and Worcestershire
1 person Meas. v. i. 231 [237J instruments of some
more mightier member That sets them on.
2 one who hasa part or share (in something) 2H4 iv.
i. 171 m-s of our cause, Ot\i. lu.iv. Ilia m.df his toie.
memorable (only in H5)
1 easily remembered H6 11. iv. 53*.
2 commemorative H5 iv. vii. 100 for a m. honour,
V. i. 76 a memorable trophy.
memorial adj. : of remembrance Troil. v. ii. 77
memorial . . . kisses.
mem.orize : to cause to be remembered, make
mciuorable H8 ill. ii. 52, Mac. i. ii. 41 Or m.
another Golgotha.
memory (cf. ' a perpetual memory of that his
precious death ' Prayer Book, Communion)
1 plir. of m., remembered 1H6 iv. iii. 51 That ever
living man of m.. Ham. v. ii. 403 rights of m. ; — of
little J)!., soon forgotten Tp. 11. i. 241 [233] ; 600/1 of
in., memorandum-book 1H6 ii.iv.lOl, 2H6i. i. 101.
2 memorial, memento AYL. 11. iii. 3, Cor. iv. v. 77
m.. And witness, Cses. lii. ii. 140/orHi., Lr. iv. vii.
7 memories of those norscr liours.
mend (' make better, improve ' in various contexts
is the most freq. sense)
1 to refoi-m H8 in. i. 104 hollow hearts I fear ye. it.
'em ; refl. Tw.N. i. v. 49 bid the dishonest man m.
himself; intr. =refl. Meas. in. ii. 28 go m., Tw.N.
I. v. 49 if he m., Lr. n. iv. 232 M. when thou canst.
2 to make amends for, atone for Cor. ni. ii. 26 Jon
must return and m. it ; (hence) to remedy, ' help '
E2 II. iii. 163, in. ii. 100.
3 to adjust, set right All'sW. ni. ii. 7 m. the ruff,
Ant. v. 11. 321 Your crown's awry ; I'll m. it.
4 to restore to health 2H4l. ii. 125 heaven m. him.';
intr. to get better, recover one's health Ado v.
ii. 98 love me, and m. ; (of a malady) to abate Tim.
V. i. 192 My long sickness . . . now' begins to mend.
5 to improve by addition, increase the value of
Shr. I. ii. 154 I'll m. it with a largess, Tim. I. i. 173
You m. the jewel by the wearing it, Ant. I. v. 45 To
mend the petty present.
6 to supplement, supply the deficiency of Err. iv.
iii. 59 we'll mend our dinner here. H8 i. iv. 61.
7 to grow better in qualitv, do better, improve
MND. V. ii. 55 [i. 431], Tw.N. i. v. 79, Cor. i. iv.
38, Ant. I. iii. 82.
8 to improve upon, better LLL. v. ii. 330 in ushering
M. him who can, AYL. in. ii. 72 M. the instance.
9 in asseverationsandpious wishes AYL. iv.i. 199 so
God mend me, lH4in. i. 254, Rom. i. v.83 God shall
m. my soul ; H8 1. ii. 201 God m. all!, Cym. v. v. 68.
mends : means of reparation, remedy Troil. i. i. 70.
^This meaning occurs in the 16th-17th cent, only
in the phr. ' have the m. in one's own hands.'
mercatante t : see marcantant.
merchandise sb.: construed as a pi. Ant. 11. v.
104 ; make m., trade, traftic Mer.V. ui. i. 137 make
ivhat merchandise I will.
merchandise vb.: to traffic in Sonn. oil. 3.
merchant (1 and 2 common Eliz. uses)
1 fellow, 'chap' 1H6 11. iii. 57, Rom. 11. iv. 154.
2 merchantmen Tp. 11. i. 5, 2H4 n. iv. 67.
mercurial : fleet, like Mercury's, Cym. iv. ii. 310
His foot Mercurial.
Mercury: in Roman mythology, the messenger
of the gods ; (hence) messenger, newsbearer R3
II. i. 89 ; go-between Wiv. n" ii. 83 ; the god as
patron of thieves and cheating Tw.N. i. v. 104
M. endue thee with leasing, Troil. 11. iii. 12 M., lose
all the serpentine craft of thy caduceiis.
mercy (1 usu. in phr. I cry yon mercy ; 3 hence the
general phr. at, in, or within the mercy of)
1 cry m., beg for pardon or forgiveness Gent. v. iv.
94 0, cry you mercy, sir ; I have mistook, AYL. in.
V. 61 Cry the man m., H8 v. iii. 78 I cry your hon-
our mercy, Lr. in. vi. 55.
2 by m., (?) by a merciful condition Tim. iii. v. 56*.
3 clemency of a conqueror Mer.V. iv. i. 356 the
offendir's life lies in the m. Oftheduke, H5 iii. iii.
3 To our best m. give yourselves, 3H6 i. iv. 30 Yield
to our m. ; phr. at m., in m., absolutely in the
power of the victor Cor. l. x. 7 I' the part that is
at m. (i.e. conquered), Lr. i. iv. 352 thai , . , He
may . . . hold our lives in m.
mere adj.: absolute, sheer, perfect, downright
Wiv. IV. V. 64 cozenage, m. cozenage, LLL. i. ii. 36
the m. contrary, H8 in. ii. 330 tlie m. undoing Of
all the kingdom, Mac. iv. iii. 152 The m. despair of
surgery, 0th. 11. ii. 3, Cym. iv. ii. 92 to thy m,
confu.'iion. ^ A common sense for more than
two centuries, surviving late in the 18th ; but
less freq. in S. than the ordinary mod. use (which
is not pre-Eliz.).
mere adv. : absolutely All'sW. in. v. 55 m. the truth.
mered ' : Ant. m. xi. [xiii.] 10 The m. question (old
edd. meered) = (a) the sole ground of dispute (b)
the matter to which the dispute is limited (taken
from ' mere ' vb., to bound, limit).
merely : absolutely, entirely Tp. i. i. 61 jn. cheated
of our lives, E2 11. i. 244, Cor. in.i. SOS clean kam. —
M. awry. Ham. i. ii. 137 things rank and gross in
nature Possess it merely. ^J About as freq. as the
meaning ' only '.
merit: due reward, recompense A t^car^r m., not
so deep a maim, LLL. 11. i. 21, E2 I. iii. 156.
mermaid: siren Err. in. ii. 45.
merriment: entertainment, amusement (S.) MND.
in. ii. 146.
merry (3 not pre-S.)
1 (of wind) favourable Err. rv. i. 91.
2 amusing, funny Tit. v. ii. 175 a merry jest.
3 facetious, ' pleasant ' Tim. m. ii. 42 / know his
lordship is but merry with 7ne.
4 merry men, companions in arms or followers of
a knight or an outlaw cliief AYL. i. i. 123.
mervilous : old form of ' marvellous ' H5 11. i. 50.
m.esh'd : see mash.
mess:
1 dish (of food), course of dishes Wiv. iii. i. 63 a m.
of porridge, Shr. iv. iv. 70, Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 11
our feasts In every m. havefoUu, Tim. iv. iii. 427,
Lr. I. i. 119.
2 quantity of food stuff sufficient for a dish 2H4 11,
i. 106 to borrow n mess of vinegar.
3 one of the groups of persons', normally four, into
MESSAGE —
140
MINO
which the company at a banquet was divided ;
Wint. I. ii. 227 loiver m-es (i.e. people of inferior
status), Jolin i. i. 190 He and Ins toothpick at my
uorsltip's mess, Ham. v. ii. 90 at the king's mess.
4 set of four LLL. iv. iii. 207, V. ii. 362, 3H6 i. iv.
73 your mess of sons.
message: sent on a m., sent to do an errand Gent.
IV. iv. 119, 1H6 IV. vii. 53 ; similarly go of m. 2H6
IV. i. 113.
metal, mettle (differentiated spellings of the
same word, used without distinction in the old
cdd., but in mod. edd. mettle is usu. restricted to
4, 6, and 6j
1 material of which arms are made, hence = sword
John V. ii. 16 Tliat I must draw tliis m. from my
side; cf. All'sW. ii. i. 42.
2 precious metal, gold (S.) Err. iv. i. 83, Mer.V. i.
iii. 135, R3 iv. iv. 383 The imperial m., circling
vow thy head ; fig. Tw.N. ii. v. 17 my m. of India
{Ff.^iXeltle).
3 fig. 'stuff', substance, material AYL. ii. vii. 82
the m. of my speech, All'sW. i. i. 143, H5 in. i. 27
Them, of your pasture ; with ref. to a person's
'make-up' or character Meas. l. i. 48, R3 iv. iv.
303 of your »«., of your very blood, H8 iii. ii. 240,
Lr. I. i. 71 I am made of that self m. as my sister.
4 disposition, temperament Tp. ii. i. 189 [182] of
brave m., Tw.N. iii. iv. 303 I care not who knows
so much of my m., v. i. 334 tite m. of your sex,
John II. i. 401 the m. of a king, Cajs. i. ii. 301 He
?i'as quick mettle (conj. mettVd t).
5 (of a horse) natural vigour and ardour, spirit 1H4
IV. iii. 22 Your uncle Worceste)-'s horse . . . their
pride and mettle is asleep, Compl. 107.
6 ardent temperament, spirit, courage Ado v. i.
136, 1H4 II. iv. 13 a lad of m., Caes. ii. i. 1.3*4 th'
insuppressive m. of our spirits, 0th. iv. ii. 207
there's mettle in thee.
metaphysical : supernatural Mac. i. v. 80 m. aid.
mete (occurs twice ; old odd. also meat)
1 to measure, estimate 2H4 iv. iv. 77.
2 to aim at LLL. iv. i. 136.
m.eteor ; luminous body or appearance of any kind
in the sky R2 ir. iv. 9 And m-s fright the fixed
.ftars of heaven, Rom. iir. v. 13 some »». that the sun
exhales ; fig. Err. iv. ii. 6 his heart's m-s tilting in
his face.
m.eteyard: measuring rod Shr. rv. iii. 152.
metheglin : spiced drink made from wort and
honey, of Welsh origin Wiv. v. v. 171, LLL. v.
ii. 234.
m.ethod : summary of the contents of a book, fig.
Tw.N. I. V. 245 In what chapter of his bosom?—
To ansn-er by the method, in the first of his heart.
methougllts : past tense of mlthink's = it seemed
to me Mer.V. i. iii. 70(Qq]34 31ethoHght),'Wint. i.
ii. 154, R3 I. iv. 9, 24. "[I Not rccor<led before S. ;
current till the middle of the 18th cent.
mettle: see metal. [132, Rom. in. iv. 11.
mew: to coop up, shut up MND. i. i. 71, R3 i. i.
mewKiiot pre-S.): to cry feebly AYL. ii. vii. 144.
micher : truant 1H4 ii. "iv. 455.
michlng'maliclio: usu. taken to mean 'sneaking
iir skulking mischief, miching being referred to
the same root as micuer and malicho taken to
represent Spanish 'malliecho ' = misdeed ; but
form, origin, and meaning are uncertain ; Ham.
in. ii. 148 tins is Mirhing Malicho (Fj; (^ 1003
myrhing Mallico, Q2 UOimiuichingMallico, Malone
mirhing mnllcrhof).
mickle :' gieat Err. in. i. 45, H5 n. i. 70 An oath of
»». might, I?om. 11. iii. 15. U In S."s time its use
in literature was archaistic ; in colloquial use it
was northern and north-midl. dial.
microcosm : man viewed as the epitome of the
universe Cor. 11. i. 70 in the map of my microcosm.
middle : mid MND. li. i. 82 middle-summer's spring.
middle earth: the earth, viewed as being be-
tween heaven and hell or occupying the centre
of the universe Wiv. v. v. 86.
mid-season : noon (S.) Tp. i. ii. 239.
midway : middle course, medium Ado 11. i. 8, Ant.
in. iv. 19 ; — adj. m. aiy = mid-air Lr. iv. vi. 14 ;—
adv. half-way Troil. i. iii. 278, Per. v. i. 48.
m.igfht (obs. or archaic senses are)
1 power to do a thing Troil. iii. ii. 164 to be wise,
and love, Exceeds man's m.; MND. v. i. 92' noble
respect Takes it in m., not merit ( = noble considera-
tion accepts it as an act of ability without regard
to its merit).
2 efficacy, virtue AYL. in. v. 81 thy sawofm.,'R6
II. i. 70 An oath of mickle might, Sonn. Ivi. 4.
3 bodily strength Caes. n. iv. 8 I have a man's mind,
but a woman's might.
mightily: mth great effort, vigorously Shr. i. ii.
282 Strive m.; greatly, very much (the usual S.
sense) 3H6 in. ii. 74 thou, wrony'st thy children
mightily.
?rilch: giving milk Shr. 11. i. 351 [359] m. kinc,
Ven. 875 a m. doe; transf. applied to the eyes
when weeping Ham. 11. ii. 548 [540] Would have
made m. the burning eyes of heaven.
mild: calm Per. in. i. 27 Now m. may be thy life!
For a more blust'rous birth had never babe.
Mile-end (Green): drill ground of the London
troops All'sW. IV. iii. 304, 2H4 m. ii. 301.
militarist (S. coinage) : soldier AU'sW. iv. iii.
162 Monsieur Parolles, the gallant militarist.
milk : as a type of what is pleasant and ' sweet '
Rom. in. iii. 54 Adversity's sweet m , philosophy,
Mac. rv. iii. 98 the sweet m. of concord ; S. i)hr.
JH(7*o//(M»!aK^/)id)!f\,<t, compassion characteristic
of humane persons Mac. i. v. 18. ? [ii. 50.
milk-livered: ' white-livered,' cowardly Lr. iv.
milky: tinmrous, weak Tim. in. i. 58 such a faint
and m. luart. Ham. II. ii. 508 [500], Lr. i. iv."366,
million'd : countless Sonn. cxv. 5 Time, whose m.
accidents. ^ Q mitliond, which may be a form of
'million,' as in mod. dial.
mill-sixpence: sixpence stamped bj- means of
the mill and press Wiv. i. i. 160.
millstone : phr. drop or weep m-s, said of a hard-
liearted person R3 i. iii. 353, i. iv. 249 ; so Troil.
I. ii. 156 Queen Hecuba laughed that her eyes ran
o'er. — With millstones.
mimic: burlesque actor MND. in. ii. 19 (Fi Mim-
mick ; see minnick).
mince(the mod. development sense 2 is illustrated
in H5 V. ii. 1.30)
1 to extenuate, make light of 0th. n. iii. 249 Thy
honesty and lore doth mince this matter.
2 to report (what is said) euiihemistically Ant. i.
ii. 114 mince not the general tongue.
3 to a'Jcct in a mincing manner Lr. iv. vi. 123 yond
siinpi nut; ilamr . . . That minces virtue.
mincingf : aflectation H8 n. iii. 31.
mind sli. (1,2 now obs. exc. in phrases)
1 judmniont, opinion ; phr. in mi/ jn., to my m., as
I think Mer.V. iv. i. 408, Ham.'i. iv. 14.
2 purpose, intention, desire, wish Err. rv. i. 114
servants must their masters' m-s fulfil, Mer.V. 11.
viii. 42, Tit. v. iii. 1 it is my father's m. That I re-
pair to Borne, Cres. i. ii. 296 (/. . . your mind hold.
3 way of thinking and feeling with respect to
moral qualities Gent. v. iii. V.ihc bears an honour-
able m. (=entertains honourable sentiments),
Ca^s. V. i. 113 He bears too great a mind.
4 disposition, intention towards others Gent. 1. ii.
MXNO —
141
- MISDOUBT
83 / nould I knew his m., AYL. I. ii. 253, 2H6 iii.
i. 374 the commons' m., How they affect the house
. . . of York, Tim. in. iii. 23, Lr. i. 'iii. 16.
5 person (regarded abstractly as the embodiment of
mental qualities) Sonn. cxvii. 5 I kate frequent
been icith nnknoicn minels.
mind vb. (the use in negative sentences = ' (not) to
care for', occurs once Per. ii. v. 20)
1 to remind Wint. in. ii. 226, H5 iv. iii. 13 Ida thee
tirony to mind thee of it, Cor. v. i. 18.
2 to call to mind H5 iv. Chor. 53.
3 to perceive, notice Tp. ii. ii. 17 I'll fall flat ; Pcr-
cliiince he will not m. me ; to attend to, heed Slir.
I. i. 252 yon do not mind the jtlay, Rom. iv. i. 13.
4 to be inclined, intend MND. v. i. 113, 3H6 iv. i.
106 she m-s to play the Aiiiaziin, Per. n. iv. 3.
minded: disposed, inclined Tp. v. i. 126, H8 ui. i.
57 In knoio How you stand minded, Lr. ni. i. 2.
mindless: unmindful, careless Wint. i. ii. 301,
Tim. IV. iii. 93.
mine sb.: subterranean cavity Otli. iv. ii. 78 The
bawdy wind . . . Js liush'd within the hollow mine of
tatih. Tl C'f. * When awlierilewind . . . tossetli . . .
His fixt root from his hollowmines ' (Chapman).
m.ine pron. (obs. uses) : my property Slir. n. i. 377
[385], Wint. I. ii. 135, Sonn. cxxxiv. 3 ; my busi-
ness Meas. II. ii. 12 Go to ; lei that be mine.
mineral (1 an Eliz. use)
1 mine Ham. iv. i. 26 Among a mineral of metals.
2 mineral medicine or poison Otli. i. ii. 74, n. i.
3U9 « poisonous mineral, Cj'in. v. v. 50. [165.
Minerva: IJonian goddess of wisdom Cj'in. v. v.
ming'le (1 peculiar to S.)
1 to put togetlier so as to make one, to ' pool ' Cym.
I. vi. 186 /lave mini/led sums To buy a present.
2 to join (faith, friendship) Wint. i. ii. 110, iv. iii.
[iv.]473; )/(. eyes, look into each otiier'sej'es Ant.
in. xi. [xiii.] 156. [mouth.
minikin * : shrill Lr. in. vi. 46 one blast of thy m.
minim : musical note (in ancient nnisic, the short-
est) Rom. II. iv. 23 //e . . . rests me his m. (Qi and
mod. edd. rests me his w. rest, Qqa-s restsi,) his
}iitnum 7-esls).
minimus: diminutive creature MND. in. ii. 320.
minion: saucy woman, hussv, jade Gent. i. ii. 89,
Err. III. i. 54, 2H6 i. iii. 141, Tit. n. iii. 124 This m.
stood tipon her chastity, 0th. v. i. .33 Jl!., your dear
liesdead. ^ TheotherS.senseis'darlini:, favour-
ite'.
minister sb.:
1 oneemployed by anotherto carry somethinginto
effect, agent Tp. I. ii. 131 The m-s for the purpose.
All's W. II. i. 140, Wint. lll. ii. 161 I chose Camilto
for the minister to poison My friend, 2H6 ni. i. 355 a
m. of my intent, Ham. in. iv. 175//(cn[i.e. heaven's]
scouiye and minister.
2 angci (messengcrof God) Meas. v. i. 116 m-sabove,
Ham. I. iv. 39 ministers of grace.
minister vb.:
1 to furiii.sli, supply Ado ii. i. 387 m. such assistance,
R2 n. iii. 105 m. correction to thy fault, 0th. n. i.
279 what other course you please, irhich the time
shall . . . m. ; to prompt, suggest Meas. iv. v. 6
As cause doth minister.
2 to perform (a ceremony) Tp. iv. i. 17.
3 to apply or administer (something healing or the
reverse) Gent. n. iv. 151, John v. i. 15 present
medicine must be m-'d, Rom. iv. iii. 25, Per. in. ii.
8 ; absol. Mac. v. iii. 40 m. to a mind diseas'd.
ministration*: service All's W. ii. v. G6.
minnick, minnock : (?)onewhoapesorfoolsabout
MND. in. ii. 19 And forth my m. comes (Qi Min-
nick, Q, Minnock, Ffi23 Mimmick). ^| Of. 'miiii-
cal,' 'niinike' = trifling (Wright's Provincial
Dictionary), and dial, 'minnock' vb. = to affect
delicacy, to ape, fool about, 'minnock' sb. = af-
fected person.
minnow: as a type of smallness LLL. i. i. 249 Ihat
base III. of thy mirth, Cor. in. i. 88 this Triton of the
miHiiows.
minority : earliest age Lucr. 67 from world's m.
Minotaur : (allusively) devouring monster 1 H6 v.
iii. 188.
minstrel: one whose profession was to entertain
with music and story-telling Shr. iii. ii. 186/A(((r
the m-s play, Rom. in. i. 51, Lucr. 817 Feast-finding
minstrels, tuning my defame.
minstrelsy: company of minstrels LLL. i. i. 175
/ lore to hear htm lie, And I will use him for my in. ;
musicmadebyminstrelsTim.n. ii.l71,l'er.v.ii.7.
minute : m. while 1H6 i. iv. 54 and m. of the hour
LLL. v. ii. 795 — simply ' minute ' ; by the m.,
every moment Ant. in. i. 20.
mintate-jack (? cf. jack 4) : one who changes his
mind every moment, fickle person Tim. in. vi. 108.
minutely (not prc-S.) : happening every minute
Mac. v. ii. 18 m. revolts upbraid his faith-breach.
minx: wanton woman Tw.N. in. iv. 135, 0th. iv.
i. 157.
mirable: marvellous Troil. iv. v. 141.
miracle: refl. (?) to be revealed by miracle (S.)
Cym. IV. ii. 29*.
mire (2 not pre-S.)
1 to bespatter, defile Ado iv. i. 135 m-'d with infamy.
2 to sink as in mire Tim. iv. iii. 148 Paint till a horse
may mire itpon your face.
mirror : model, paragon H5 n. Chor. 6.
mirth, (obs. uses)
1 fun Wiv. IV. vi. 14, Ado Ii. i. 345 to speetk all m.
and no matter, MND. v. i. 57 ; jest Ant. I. iv. 18
for a mirth.
2 object of merriment Wint. i. ii. 1G6, Ca;s. iv. iii.
49 I'll iise ijou for my mnili, 113.
misadventured (S.): unfortunate Rom. i. Chor. 7.
Misanthropos : hater of mankind Tim. iv. iii. 53.
misbehaved (S.): ill behaved Rom. in. iii. 142.
miscarry (1 the prevailing meaning in S. and
from the 14th to the 18th cent.)
1 to come to harm or destruction, perish Mer.V.
in. ii. 316 my ships hare all m-ied, 2H4 iv. i. 129
Theit by indictment and by dint of sword Hare since
m-ied, H5 iv. i. 157, Lr. v. i. 5 Ottr sister's man
IS . . . miscarried, 0th. v. i. 6.
2 to go wrong, prove unsuccessful Cor. i. i. 272
what miscarries, Rom. v. iii. 267.
3 to be abortive, fail LLL. iv. i. 115 if horns that
year miscarry ; (of a child) to be born prematurely
2H4 V. iv. 10, 15.
4 to get into wrong hands H8 in. ii. 30.
mischief (1 the orig. sense of the word)
1 misfortune, calamity Wiv. iv. ii. 78, 1H4 v. i. 21,
1H6 V. iii. 39 A plaguing m.. light on Charles, 0th.
I. iii. 204 a m. that is past and gone, Per. i. iv. 8.
2 disease Ado i. iii. 13 to apply a moral medicine to
a mnrlififiiig mischief.
misconcieived : having a wrong idea 1H6 v. iv. 49.
misconster, -construe: cf. conster, construe.
miscreate : illegitimate, spurious 115 i. ii. 16.
misdouht sb.: mistrust, suspicion 2H4 iv. i. 206,
2H6 in. i. ,332 change miseloubt to resolution.
misdoubt vb. (in common dial, use)
1 to have doubts as to All'sAV. in. vii. 1, Ant. in.
vii. 62; absol. All'sW. i. iii. 132.
2 to be mistrustful or suspicious of fa person) Wiv.
n. i. 191 / do not misdoubt my wife.
3 to have misgivings or suspicions in regard to (a
thing) LLL. iv. iii. 194, 3H6 v. vi. 14 The bird that
hath been limed . . . m-eth every bush, R3 in. ii. 86.
MISDBEAD
142
- MODERN
niisdread: dreail of evil Per. i. ii. 12.
miser: wretch 1H6 v. iv. 7 Decrepit miser.
misery : Cyni. v. iii. 64 noble »«.* (a) miserable no-
bility, (b) wretchedness in noble estate.
misgovern'd: unruly R2 v. ii. 5 rude m. hands.
misgoverniuent : evil conduct Ado iv. i. 100.
misgraflfed (S.): fig. badly matched MND. i. i. 137.
misorder: to confuse 2H4 iv. ii. 33 The time m-d.
misplace (not pre-S. in any sense) : to use words
in a wrong place (S.) Meas. il. i. 93.
misprise, misprize : to despise Ado in. i. 52 Dis-
diini (Did icorn . . . 3Ii.sprising what they look on,
AYL. I. i. 180, &c., Troil. IV. v. 74 (Ff disprismy).
misprision': mistake, misunderstanding Adoiv.
i. 187, 1H4 I. iii. 27, Sonn. Ixxxvii. 11.
misprision 2 (once) : contempt All'sW. ii. iii. 159.
m.isprized: mistaken MND. m. ii. 74.
misproud: arrogant 3H6 ii. vi. 7.
misreport: to speak ill of Meas. v. i. 148.
miss bb. (1 ' feel the miss of is now the usual ex-
pression in midland dialects)
1 disadvantage caused by the loss o/ (a person) 1H4
V. iv. 105 I should hare a heavy miss of thee.
2 wrong-doing, offence Ven. 53 blames her miss.
miss vb. (3 several times in pres. pple.)
1 to do without Tp. i. ii. 311 We cannot miss him.
2 to fail (a person) Wiv. in. v. 56 / icill not m. her.
3 to be wanting Rom. i. Chor. 14 What here shall m.,
our toil shall strive to mend.
mis-sheathed : sheathed by mistake Rom. v.iii.205.
missing : absence Cym. v. v. 276 Vpon mi/ lady's m.
missing-ly (S.) : with a sense of loss Wint. iv. i.
Iii. I 34.
mission: sending of help Troil. iii. iii. 189.
missive : messenger Mac. i. v. 7, Ant. ii. ii. 78.
mis-speak : to speak wrongly .John in. i. 4 thou
Itn^t misspoke (Fi mispo/ie), misheard.
mist sb.: state of uncertainty Err. ii. ii. 220.
mist vb. : to bedim Lr. v. iii. 264 m. or stain the stone.
mistake (pa. pple. mistaken, mistaken, mistook)
1 to take wrongly, falsely, or improperly Wiv. ii.
ii. 231 I have lost my edifice by mistakiny the place
where I erected it, John in. i. 214: purposes mistook,
Ham. in. ii. 266 So you m. your htisbands (Q'l and
mod. edd. must take), v. ii. 398 ; to take to a wrong
person or place LLL. iv. i. 57 This letter is mistook,
109.
2 to misjudge AYL. i. iii. 67, H8 i. i. 195 1. . . could
wish he were Somethiny mistaken in't.
3 (?) to misdoubt Tim. in. ii. 25* he mistook him,
and sent to me. [mistacn.
4 intr. to go astray Rom. v. iii. 203 This dar/gcr hath
mistaking: mistake, error Tp. i. ii. 248, Meas.
in. ii. 154, Shr. iv. v. 49. ff A freq. sense about
1580-1C50.
mistempered (2 is peculiar to S.)
1 disordered, deranged John v. i. 12 m. humour.
2 tempered for an evil purpose Rom. i. i. 93 Throic
your mis-tcmper'd tvcapons to the f/round. [iv. 40.
mistership: old form of 'mistress-ship' Tit. (v.
mistfult (Vi iiinifnll) : dim H5 iv. vi. 34 m. eijes.
misthink: tothinkillof3H6ii.v. 108, Ant. v. ii'.175.
mistreading (notprc-S.) : misdeed lH4in. ii. 11.
mistress (3 is the commonest S. use)
1 woman having a protecting or guiding influence
Lr. II. i.il conjuriwj tliemoon To stand auspicious
mistress.
2 female possessor or owner Gent. iv. iv. 209 ; m.
of. possessed of, having at disposal AYL. i. ii.4,
Wint. III. ii. 60.
3 chief, first H8 in. i. 151 the lily. That once wasm.
of the field ; as adj. H5 ii. iv. 133 the m. court of
mifjhty Europe.
4 (as a title or prefix)-madam LLL. v. ii. 845 m.,
look on me; =Mrs., Wiv. iv. ii. 139 31. Ford;
= Miss Wiv. I. i. 197 J/. Anne Paye ; jocularly iu
Tp. IV. i. 237, Shr. v. ii. 42, Rom. in. v. 152.
5 =JACK 6, Troil. in. ii. 50.
mistrust sb.: m. of, doubt as to Cses. v. iii. 66.
mistrust vb.: to suspect the existence of or
anticipate the occurrence of Ado ii. i. 191 an acci-
dent of hourly proof, Which I m-ed not, Wint. ii.
i. 47 All 's true that is m-ed, 3H6 v. vi. 38 Which
noiu m. noparcel of my fear, R3 ii. iii. 42 m. Ensuing
danger ; with clause Lucr. 1516.
mistrustful: causing suspicion Ven. 826.
misuse sb. (1 is peculiar to S.)
1 ill-usage 1H4 i. i. 43.
2 evil conduct 0th. iv. ii. 108 my least m.
misuse vb. (' use wrongly ' is the most freq. sense)
1 to abuse, revile Ado ii. i. 248, AYL. iv. i. 213
[205], Shr. II. i. 160. [Sonn. clii. 7.
2 ' to speak falsely of, to misrepresent ' (Schmidt)
3 =ABUSE vb. 1, Ado II. ii. 28.
mite: minute particle Per. n. Gower8.
mixture: preparation of various ingredients Rom.
IV. iii. 21, Ham. in. ii. 272, 0th. i. iii. 104.
mo, moe : more in number ; once qualifying a sing.
noun (but with pi. implication) Tp. v. i. 234 mo
diversity of sounds.
moan sb. : lamentation, grief Ado v. iii. 16 assist our
m., 1H6 n. iii. 44 thy mirth shall turn to m., Cyni.
IV. ii. 273 Thou hast finished joy and moan ; also
jihr. make moan. ^[ The mod. sense is post-S.
moan vb.: to make lamentation Lucr. 977.
mobled : muffled Ham. ii. ii. 533 [525] the m. queen
(Qq ; Yiinobled). Tj Survives in Warwickshire.
mock sb.: m m., derided Meas. v. i. 320 As much
in mock as mark ; Otli. v. ii. 149 made m-s with,
played or sported with.
]nock vb. (3 is peculiar to S.)
1 to defy, set at nought Mer.V. ii. i. 30 mock the
lion when he roars for prey, Tw.N. in. iv. 228
mocks reproof, Mac. ii. ii. 7, Ant. in. xi. [xiii.] 184.
2 mock irtth,vidicu\eSonn.\s.x.i.l4:mock you with me
after I a7n gone.
3 to simulate, make a false pretence of 3H6 iii. iii.
255 /'())■ m-ing marriage. Ant. v. i. 2. [iii. 50.
mockable(notpre-S.) : deserving ridicule AYL.iii.
mocker : one who deceives ordisappointsAYL.il.
vi. 14 thcu art a mocker of my labour.
mockery :
1 imitation, counterfeit representation, unreal
appearance H5 iv. Chor. 53 Minding true things
by tvhat their mockeries be, R3 in. ii. 27 the jh. of
^lnqulct slumbers, Mac. in. iv. 107 Unreal m., hence!.
2 ludicrously futile action Ham. i. i. 146 our vain
hloivs [are] malicious mockery.
3 attrib. = imitation R2 iv. i. 260 m. king of snow.
mode : reading of Ff 3 t in 2H4 iv.v. 198 : see mood-.
model (4 is peculiar to S.)
1 architect's design for a building 2H4 1. iii. 42 We
first survey the plot, then draw the m., 46; fig. Ado
I. iii. 48 model to build mischief on.
2 sketch on a small scale, plan, ground-plan R2 ni.
iv. 42, V. i. 11 the m. tihcre old Troy did stand,
2H4 I. iii. 51, R3 v. iii. 24 the form and m. of uur
battle.
3 exact likeness or image (of something), some-
thing representing on a small scale the qualities
(of another) R2 i. ii. 28, H8 iv. ii. 133, Ham. v.
ii. 50, Per. n. ii. 11.
4 something that envelops closely, mould R2 in. ii.
153% H5 n. Chor. 16*.
modern: everyday, ordinary, commonplace AYL.
II. vii. \h(i Fullof irisc saivsandm. instances. John
III. iv. 42, Mac.iv. iii. 170 .1 m. ecstasy. U The
only S. sense ; peculiarly Eliz.
MODEST -
143
MOBAI.IZB
modest : moderate, marked by moderation, be-
coming All'sW. II. i. 131, Tw.N. I. iii. 'd within the
VI. limits of order, l. v. 193 give me m. assurance if
you be the lady of the house ( = sufficient to satisfy
me), H8 v. iii. 69 reverence to your calliny makes
me 111. (=moderate in language). Cor. iii. i. 274 Do
not cry havoc, where you should but hunt With m.
warrant, Lr. il. iv. 25 with all m. haste, iv. vii. 5
All my reports yo with the modest truth.
modestly : without exaggeration, with due modera-
tioii Troil. IV. V. 221, Cws. i. ii. 69.
modesty: moderation Shr. Ind. i. 68 If it he hus-
banded with modesty, Cies. iii. i. 213 cold modesty.
modicum : small quantity Troil. ii. i. 73 m-sofwit.
Modo: name of a fiend taken from Harsnet (cf.
Flibbertigibbet) Lr. iii. iv. 148, iv. i. 61.
module : mere image or counterfeit All's W. iv.
iii. 114 this counterfeit m. (model-f), John v. vii.
68 tnoduie of confounded royalty.
moiety (' half is the most freq! sense)
1 share, portion 1H4 iii. i. 97 my m. . . . equals not
one of yours, Ham. i. i. 90 a in. competent, Lr. i. i.
7, Sonn. xlvi. 12 The clear eye's m. and the dear
heart's part.
2 small part, lesser share or portion Wint. ii. iii.
8 a moiety of my rest, Lucr. Ded. 2.
moist (1 a 16th-17th cent, use)
1 liieumy 2H4 i. ii. 206 a moist eye, a dry hand.
2 .I'uicy, succulent Tim. iv. iii. 224 these moist trees
imoss'df).
3 bringing rain All'sAV. ii. i. 1673/. Hesperus, Ham.
I. i. 118 the moist star ( = the moon).
4 liquid, watery 2H4 iv. v. 138 my tears, The moist
tuipcdiments unto my speech, Troil. i. iii. 41.
moisture: bodily humours 3H6 ii. i. 79.
moldwarp: mole (the animal) 1H4 in. i. 148.
mome: blockhead, dolt Err. in. i. 32.
moment (2 a 17th cent, sense, not pre-S.)
1 on or upon the m., immediately Tim. j. i. 80,
Com))!. 248; ni a m., at one and the same time
Mac. II. iii. 116. [poorer m.
2 cause or motive of action Ant. l. ii. 152 upon far
momentany : lasting but a moment MND. i. i."l43
m. as a sound iVi momentarie). T| Common 16th-
17th cent. ; once in S. ; >»ojrtc«/r(j-(/7times. [14.
momentary-swift : rapid as a moment Ti-oil.i v. ii.
Monarcho: title assumed by an insane Italian
wliofancied himself emperorof the world ; hence
applied to one who is the object of ridicule for
his absurd pretensions LLL. iv. i. 102.
money : from S. onwards the use of the pi. for the
sing, has been commonly attributed to Jews
Mer.V. I. iii. 109, &c. 11 Cf. 'nioiiish'.
mongfrel bitch, cur: abusive epithets for persons
Troil. v. iv. 14, Lr. ii. li. 24.
Monmouth, cap : flat round capformerly worn by
soldiers and sailors H5 iv. vii. 105.
monster (I peculiar to SfT
1 to make monstrous Lr. i. i. 223 her offence Must
be of sucli unnatural degre^That monsters tt.
2 to point at as something wonderful Cor. ii. ii. 82
idly sit To hear my nothings monster'd.
monstrous: as an e.xclamation =astoundingMND.
III. i. 110, 0 m..' 0 strange.' we are /taunted, 1H4
II. iv. 247, Lr. v. iii. 161 ; as adv. exceedingly,
wonderfully MND. I. ii. 65 in a m. little voice,
AU'sW. II. i. 187 monstrous desperate.
montant: 'an upright blow, or thrust' (Cotgr.)
W'iv. II. iii. 27 thy punto . . . thy distance, thym.;
cf. Siynior Mountanto applied to Benedick (Ado i.
i. 30) to imply that he is a professional fencer or
bravo.
month's mind : inclination, likingGent. i. ii. 134.
monument (1 occurs freq., 2 once)
1 place of burial, grave, sepulchre Ado iv. i. 208
your family' s old m.. Tit. li. iii. 228, Rom. in. v.
203 In that dim m, where Tybalt lies, Ant. iv. xi.
txiii.]3, &c.
2 portent Shr. in. ii. 98 some wondrous 'm.. Some
comet, or unusual prodigy.
3 statue, effigy Meas. v. i. 227, All'sW. iv. ii. 6,
Cym.ii.ii.32(( m. Thusinachapil h/iiig, Luci\ 391.
monumental (not pre-S.) : sepuUlmil i»th. v. ii. 5
m. alabaster; serving as a memeiitd All'sW. iv.
iii. 20 his m. ring ; like a monument Troil. in.
iii. 153 to liang . . . like a rusty mail In m. mockery.
mood ' (1 current from the 12th cent, to 1600)
1 anger, displeasure Gent. iv. i. 51 Who, in my m.,
I stabb'd, AU'sW. v. ii. 5 muddied in Fortune's
)»., H5 IV. vii. 38, Rom. in. i. 13, 0th. n. iii. 276;
(?) angry cast of countenance Sonn. xciii. 8 m-s
and frowns.
2 form, shape, mode Ham. i. ii. 82 all forms, m-s,
.';/(0(('so/£»r!c/(Q 1695 and mod. edd.»Horfe.st),Comp!.
201 the encrimson'd mood [i.e. of rubies].
mood^: key in which music is written (fig. and
associated with ' mood ' = state of mind) 2H4 iv.
V. 198 now my death Changes the m. (Q mood, Ffi'j
moode, Ff'3 4 mode).
moon (occurs six times in the sense ' month')
1 phr. moon's men, minions of the moon, 'night-
walkers', robbers by night IH4 i. ii. 35 ; yo by
the m., be a 'night-walker' l. ii. 15 ; under or
beneath the m., on earth Ham. iv. vii. 145, Lr. iv.
vi. 27, Ant. iv. xiii. [xv.] 08 ; below the m., earthly
H8 in. ii. 135.
2 typifying a place impossible to reach 2H6 in. i.
158 dogged York, that reaches at the moon.
3 symbolical of or identified with Diana, goddess
ot chastity MND. l. i. 73 the cold fruitless m., 11.
i. 156, 162, Mer.V. v. i. 109, 1H4 i. ii. 32, Cor. i. i.
263, V. iii. 65 Publicola, The moon of Home. [115.
mooncalf: mis-shapen birth, monster Tp. 11. ii.
moonish: ehangeable(asthemooii)AYL. in. ii.436.
moonshine (1 jocular nonce-use)
1 iiKinth Lr. i. ii. 5.
2 III. in the water, appearance without substance,
something unsubstantial or unreal LLL. v. ii. 209.
3 make a sop 0' th' m. of*, (a) throw into a pool of
water, where he may, so to speak, float on moon-
shine, (b) make a 'mess' of (with rcf. to the
16th-17th cent, dish called ' eggs in moonshine')
Lr. II. ii. 35.
Moor : negro, negress Mer.V. in. v. 42, 0th. i. i. 40.
Moorditch : filthy stagnant ditch outside tlie city
walls, draining the swampy ground of Moorfields
1H4 I. ii. 88.
Moorfields: place outside Moorgate where the
city trainbands were exercised H8 v. iv. 34.
mop : grimace Tp. iv. i. 47 mop and mow ; also vbl.
sl». mopping Lr. iv. i. 62 mopping and mowing.
mope : to be in a state of bewilderment, go
about or act aimlessly Tp. v. i. 240 brought mnp-
viy hither, H5 iii. vii. 148 (see knowledge), Ham.
III. iv. 81. TJ A sense now confined to nortliern
dial.
moral sb. (both the foil, are rare)
1 hidden meaning Ado in. iv. 77 you have some m.
in this Benedictus, Shr. iv. iv. 79.
2 symbolical figure H5 ni. vi. 35.
moral adj. (3 cf. moral sb. 1)
1 enunciating moral precepts, moralizing Ado v. i.
30, Lr. IV. ii. 58 a m, fool ;so Adoi. iii. 13 to apply
a moral medicine to a mortifying mischief.
2 allegorical Tim. i. i. 91 moral paintings.
3 (of a meaning) hidden Ado in. iv. 78.
moral vb. : to moralize AYL. n. vii. 29.
moralize: to draw out the hidden meaning of,
morai.i:.x:b — i
(gen.) interpret, explain AYL. ii. i. 44 Dtd he not
m. litis spectacle ?, Siu'. iv. iv. 81, K3 iii. i. 83 / m.
two mcaninijs in one word, Lucr. 104 ; also inti%
Veil. 712 iliou hcnr'st nic hioralize.
moraller (S.) : moralizer Otli. ii. iii. 303.
niore :
1 of higher class, only in more and iess= persons of
all ranks 1M4 iv. iii. 68, Mac. v. iv. 13, Sonn.xcvi.3.
2 (with sbs. of quality, condition, or action)
greater in degree or extent Gent. v. iii. 3 A thou-
sand m. Mischances than this one, John ll. i. 34 To
make a more requital to your love, Cor.iii. ii. 124 it
IS ini) more dishonour,
more above: moreover Ham. ii. ii. 126.
moreover: with clause = besides {//(«/) Ham.ii.ii.2.
Morisco : morris-dancer (S.) 2H6 lu. i. 365.
morn : not used in prose.
morning': used as adj. connoting vaguely the
attributes possessed in the morning, or the fact
that niorning is the time referred to MXD. iv. i.
100 / do hear the m. lark, AYL. ii. vii. 146 the . . .
schoolboy loith his. . . shminy m, face, Ham. I. ii. 218
the morning cock crew load.
m.orris ', morris-dance: grotesque dance per-
formed by persons in costume, usually represent-
ing cliaracters from the Robin Hood legend
All'sW. II. ii. 2fi As fit as . . . a morris for ilaij-
daij, H5 II. iv. 25 A \YhitsHn morris-dance.
morris^: nine men's m., game played on a board
between two players, each with nine pebbles,
disks, pegs, or ' pins ' MND. ii. i. 98.
morris-pike : pike supposed to beof Moorish origin
Err. IV. iii. 27.
m.ort : note sounded on a horn at the death of the
deer Wint. i. ii. 119 The mart o' the deer.
mortal (the senses ' deadly, latal ' and ' subject to
death ' are the commonest in S.)
1 of or for death All's W. iii. vi. 81 mij m. prepara-
tion, Mac. IV. i. 100* mortal custom.
2 belonging to, or common to mankind, lumian Tp.
I. ii. 403 This ts no m. hiisnicss, K2 i. i. 177 m.
limes ( = lifetime of men), H5 iv. i. 262 m. griefs,
Mac. I. v. 3 m. hiouleehie.
3 (?) excessive, very great AYL. ii, iv. 55 m. in folly.
mortality (2 not pre-Eliz.)
1 human or mortal Hie Meas. iii. ii. 200, John v.
vii. 5, H5 I. ii. 28 brief m., Mac. ii. iii. 100.
2 death Meas. i. i. 44, iv. ii. 151, John iv. ii. 82
m-s strong hand, 1H6 iv. v. 32 I beg mortality.
3 (?) deadliness H5 iv. iii. 107 inrelapse of m. ( = 'a
deadly rebounil', Wright).
mortally : in the mannerof mortals Per. v. i. 105.
m.ortal-staring : ftital-visaged R3 v. iii. 91 1;;. (par.
mortar-piece : short piece of ordnance with a
large bore 118 v. iv. 49.
mortgage : pass, to be pledged Sonn. cxxxiv. 2.
mortified (Mac. v. ii. 5* is referred to 1 and 2)
1 destroyed, dead H5 i. i. 2(jhisit'ildness,in. uihim.
2 dead to the world LLL. i. i. 28.
3 deadened, numbed, insensible Ores. li. i. 324 My m.
spirit, Lr. II. iii. Iblheirnumb'demdm. bare arms.
mortifying : mortal, deadly Adoi. iii. VSa m. mis-
chief\ involving mortification of desire, self-
denying Mcr.V. I. i. 82 mortifying groans.
mose (S.): m. in the chine, suffer from glanders
Slir. III. ii. 52.
most {the most of = 'the majority of ' Tp. i. ii. 477)
1 greatest in degree or extent Meas. ni. i. 76 The
sense of death is )ii. in apprehension, iv. i. 46 my m.
stay Can be but brief, 1H6 iv. i. 38 resolute in m.
extremes. Ham. i. v. 179 at your m. need. Ant. ii.
ii. 172 With m. (jladness. [2H6 i. iii. 140.
2 m. master, app.the greatest master, i.e. the king
3 for the most, for the most part Meas. v. i. 441,
4 - MOULD
mot: motto Lucr. 830. [moth, month)
mote (old edd. in 1 mote, moatie, in 2 and 3 chieHy
1 particle of dust in a sunbeam Per. iv. iv. 21.
2 minute particle ofanything, atom LLL. iv. iii. 161,
MXD. V. i. 326 .1 m. will lurn the balance, John iv.
i. 92, Ham. i. i. 112 A m. U is lo trouble the mind's
eye, Lucr. 1251.
3 spot, blemish H5 iv. i. 192 wash every mote out of
It is conscience.
moth : fig. parasite Cor. i. iii. 93 (pun), 0th. i. iii.
258. ^ As a proper name applied to small persons
LLL. I. ii. 81, &c. MND. in. i. 169, but in this use
perhaps a fonn of mote, q.v.
mother :
1 womanish qualities H5 iv. vi. 31.
2 term of address to an elderly woman of the lower
class Wiv. IV. ii. 195 H. Prat, 2H6 i. iv. 13.
3 lig. source, cause R3 ii. ii. 80 the m. of these griefs,
Cym. III. iv. 52* Whose m. was her painting ( = 'a
creature born and made up of the paint-pot,'
Dowden). [86.
4 head of a female religious community Meas. i. iv.
5 hysteria Lr. ii. iv. 56.
mother-queen: queen-mother John ii. i. 62.
motion sb. (5, 6 still prevalent uses in 18th cent.)
1 power of movement Meas. in. i. 118 This sensible
warm m. (i.e. in the body), Rom. in. ii. 59.
2 bodily exertion Ham, iv. vii. 157 When inyourm.
you are hot and dry.
3 movement of the body acquired by drill and train-
ing Tw.N. in. iv. 307, Ham. iv. vii. 101 the scrt-
mtrs . . . He swore, had neither m., giiartl, nor eye,
4 instigation, prompting Wiv. in. ii. 37 he gives her
folly m. and advantage. Err. lU. ii. 24 ; influence
Cor. II. ii. 58 (or ? sense 5).
5 inward prompting or impulse, (hence) desire, in-
clination, emotion Meas. l. iv. 59 m-s of the sense,
Mer.V. v. i. 86, John iv. ii. 255 The dreadful m. of
a murderous thought, Cies. II. i. 64, Ham. in. iv. 72,
0th. I. ii. 75 *, I. iii. 335 our rar/mt/ m-s.
6 proposal, offer Wiv. i. i. 55, 1H6 v. i. 7, H8 ii. iv.
231 an earnest m. Meule to the queen. Tit. i. i. 243.
7 motive, reason H8 i. i. 153 From sincere m-s. Cor.
n. i. 57 hasty . . . upon too trivial motion.
8 puppet-show Wint. iv. ii. [iii.] 104 a m. of (lie
I'rodigal Son, Lucr. 1326; puppet Gent. ii. i. i04 0
excellent m.! 0 exceeding puppet !, Meas. iii. ii. 121.
motion vb.: to propose 1H6 i. iii. 03 One that . . .
motions war.
motive (in the ordinary mod. sense constmed with
of, for, or clause ; 2 only S.)
1 mover, promoter, instigator All'sW. iv. iv. 20,
Tim. V. iv. 27, 0th. iv. ii. 42 Am I the m. of these
tears ?, Ant. ii. ii. 100 ; that which promotes H5
II. ii. 156.
2 moving limb or organ R2 i. i. 193 The slavish m.
of recanting fear (viz. the tongue), Troil. iv. v. 57
every joint and motive of her body.
XtlOtley: parti-coloured dress of a professional jester
AYL. II. vii. 34; attrib. il. vii. 13 A m.fo'ot, H8
Prol. 16 a long m. coat; (hence) fool AYL. in. iii. 84,
Sonn. ex. 2 / hare . . . made myself a m. lo the vteio.
motley-minded: foolish AYL. v. iv. 41.
mought (pa. t. of MAY) : could 3H6 v. ii. 45.
mould sb. ' : earth ; men of m., mortal men H5 in.
ii. 24.
mould sb. 2 (2 cf. Fr. 'moule'; 3 in poetical use since
tbe Eliz. period)
1 model, pattern Ham. in. i. 162.
2 applied to the body with rcf. to the clothes
fashioned for it Mac. i. iii. 145.
3 bodily form ; in Cor. in. ii. 103 this single plot . . .
This m. of Marcius with a quibble on mould sb.'
mould vb.: m. up, go to form H8 v. v, 27.
MOUI.TEN —
145
MUSET
moulten (S.) : having moulted 1H4 iii. i. 161 a m.
mouncll : old form of ' mimeli '. [raven.
mount sb. : oiini., set upon high Ham. iv. vii. 28.
mount vb. :
1 to cause to rise H8 l. i. 144 The f re thai m-s (lie
liquor till it run o'er ; to erect, set up Tp. ii. ii. 11
like hedjje-lioys, which . . . in. Their pric/is, 2H6 i.
iv. 40 ensiles m-ed ; to excite to a liiglier degree
All'sW. I. i. 239 nhich m-s mij love so hiyh.
2 to set (guns) into position John ii. i. 211, 381 ; fig.
LLL. V. ii. 82, H8 i. ii. 205.
mountant: rising Tim. iv. ill. 136,
Slountanto : see montant.
mountebank : to win over, witii tricks like those
of a mountebank Cor. ill. ii. 132.
mounting' mind -. plir. of Eliz. writers, used quib-
blingly in LLL. jv. i. 4.
mouse sb.: playful term of endearment to a woman
LLL. v. ii. ly, Tw.N. i. v. tiS, Ham. iii. iv. 183.
mouse vb.; to tear, biteMND. v. i. 276, John ii.i. 354.
mouse-hunt: woman-hunter Rom. iv. iv. 11.
mouth sb.:
1 phi-.: — a sweet mouth, (?) a taste for sweet things
Gent. III. i. 333 ; m the moiith(s of, spoken of by
Mer.V. I. iii. 61 Your worship was the last man in
our m-s, Jolin iv. ii. 187, 1H6 m. i. 196, 0th. ii. iii.
195 m-sof wisest censure (Qi men), Sonn. Ixxxi. 14.
2 Voice (of hounds) MND. iv. i. 129 mntch'd in in.
like belts; 1H6 ii. iv. 12 ; phr. spend his m., bark
H5 II. iv. 70 canard doys Most spend their m-s
(= bark the loudest). Yen. 695, fig. Tioil. v. i. 101
He will spend his mouth, and promise.
3 spokesman 3H6 v. v. 18 / am now my father's m..
Cor. 111. i. 35.
4 used in compounds to express insincere pro-
fession : — mouth-friend Tim. in. vi. 100, -honour
Mac. v. iii. 27, -made vows Ani. I. iii. 30.
mouth vb. (2 used contemptuously)
1 to take into tlie mouth Ham. iv. ii. 20.
2 to join lips with Meas. iii. ii. 198.
mouthed: gaping, open-mouthed 1H4 i. iii. 97 hi.
wounds, Sonn. Ixxvii. 6 mouthed graves.
move (tlie foil, are obs. fig. uses)
1 to make angry, exasperate Wiv. i. iv. 95, Shr. v.
ii. 143, R3 I. iii. 248 Lest . . . thou m. our patience,
Kom. 1. i. 7, Cses. iv. iii. 58 he durst not thus have
m-d me, Ven. 623 Being mov'd, he strikes.
2 to urge, incite, instigate, make a proposal to, ap-
peal or apply to (a person) Err. ii. ii. 185 she m-s
me for her theme, R3 in. vii. 139 In this just cause
come I to 111. your Grace, Otli. in. iv. 19 I have m-d
my lord in his behalf, Cyni. i. i. 103, v. v. 343.
3 to propose, suggest (something) Ado rv. i. 74 Let
me but m. one question, Hani. iii. ii. 194 The in-
stances that second marriage move, Otli. in. iv. 155.
mover (1 so ' first Mover' in Milton)
1 applied to God as moving the universe 2H6 in.
iii. 19 eternal Mover of the heavens.
2 cause (S.) Cym. i. v. 9.
3 living creature Ven. 368.
4 stirring active person (used ironicallyof loiterers
for plunder) Cor. i. v. 4*.
moving' vbl. sb. (common Eliz. uses)
1 motion (of a heavenly body) 1H6 i. ii. 1.
2 bodily movement Ham. ii. li. 325 [317].
moving ppl. adj.: exciting the feelings Meas. ii.
ii. 36, R2 v. i. 47 ; as adv. m.-delicate Ado iv. i. 230.
mowsb.: (derisive) grimace Tp. rv. i. 47 with mop
andm., Hani.ii. ii.390[381], Cyni.i. vi. 41 Contemn
with m-s the other ; also as vb. Tp. ll. ii. 9 apes that
mow and chatter, Lr. iv. i. 63 mopping and m-ing.
moy: imaginarynameofacoinevolved by 'Ancient
Pistol' from a misunderstanding of tlie French
moy (me) in his prisoner's speech H5 iv. iv. 14.
much (3 now only in phr. ' much like ')
1 used ironically, where ' no ' would be used in
serious language AYL. iv. iii. 2 Is it not past two
o'clock? Andhere much Orlando! ; alsoasadv. = not
at all 2H4 ii. iv. 141 God's light J ivith two points on
your shoulder ? much 1.
2 'lis m., it is a great or difficult thing or a serious
matter 1H6 iv. i. 192, R3 in. vii. 92 (Qq hard), Cym.
I. vi. 79, Ven. 411 ; so think (it) much, regard as
important or onerous, beshy of (doing sometliiiig)
Tp. I. ii. 252 think'st it m. to tread the ooze, M(i iv.
i. 18 ihmk you much to pay two thousand crowns?.
3 adv. pretty nearly, approximately Meas. in. ii.
248 Much upon this riddle runs the unsdom of the
world, H5 v. ii. 203 m. at one ( = very much the
same), Rom. l. iii. 72 much upon these years.
mudded : buried in mud Tp. in. iii. 102, v. i. 151.
muddy: confused in mind Wint. i. ii. 325.
muddy-mettled: duU-spiritedHam.ii. ii. 602(594].
muffled: blindfolded All'sW. iv. i. 95, Rom. i. i. 176.
muffler: bandage for blindfolding H5 in. vi. 32.
mulled : dispirite>l, dull Cor. iv. v. 240 m., deaf.
nxultiplying medicine: the substance with
which alchemists claimed to 'multiply' the
precious metals by transmuting the baser metals
All'sW. V. iii. 102. [128.
multipotent (not pre-S.): mostmighty Troil. iv. v.
multitudinous (occurs twice)
1 vast Mac. ii. ii. 63 The muUitudinous seas.
2 of the multitude or common people Cor. in. i. 155
The multituditious tongue.
mum: Wiv. v. ii. 6 /. . . cry 'mum' ; she cries
' budget ' ; the two elements of the 16th-l 7th cent.
' niumbudget ', which was used like 'mum' =
silence, silent.
mumble-news : tale-bearer LLL. v. ii. 465.
mummy (2 a rare jocular use)
1 medicinal or magical preparation of the flesh of
dead bodies Mac. iv. i. 23 Witches' m., Otli. in. iv.
Ibiiy'd in m. which the skilful Conserv'd of maidens'
hearts.
2 dead flesh Wiv. in. v. 19 a mountain of mummy.
muniments : furnishings Cor. i. i. 124.
munition: military stores John v. ii. 98; in tlie
Mtli-nth cent, olten used = ammunition, as
probably in 1H6 i. i. 168.
muralt (Pope): wall MND. v. i. 210 Xow is the m.
down {Y"{ moriill ; ? read 'wall ').
murdering-piece: small cannon or mortar Ham.
IV. V. 95. Ti A 17th cent, term for what was
usually called 'murderer' (15th-17th cent.).
murderoits, often in old edd. murtherous :
always 2 syll., except in R3 iv. i. 55.
mure (once) : wall 2H4 iv. iv. 119.
murk (once) : darkness All'sW. ii. i. 166.
murmur: rumour; m?«., whispered about Tw.N.
I. ii. 30 'twas fresh in murmur . . . That . . .
niurrain: plague; in imprecations rt xi. oh Tp. in.
ii. 90, Troll ii. i. 21 ; used as adj. = diseased MND.
II. i. 97 the m. flock (old edd. murrion, a 16th-17th
cent. form).
muscadel : strong sweet wine made from the mus-
catel or similar grape Shr. iii. ii. 175.
muscat: see musk-cat.
Muscovite: Russian LLL. v. ii. 121, &c.
miise 2) this sense occurs in Sternhold & Hopkins,
Psalm ii, ' Why did the Jewish people muse ? ')
1 to wonder, marvel All'sW. n. v. 71, John in. i.
317, R3 I. iii. 305 / in. why .■'he's at liberty, Cor. in.
ii. 7, Mac. in. iv. 85 Do not m. at me, Ven. 866 ;
also trans, to marvel at Tp. in. iii. 36 / cannot too
much mitse Such shapes . . .
2 to grumble, complain Wiv. v. V. 265 [253].
muset : gap in a hedge or fence through whiclt
MUSIC - 1
hares habitually pass, or run, when hunted, for
relief Ven. 583 (Q musits).
music: band of musicians LLL. v. ii.212 Play, m.,
linn:, 217, H8 iv. ii. 9f Bid the m. leave, Rom. iv.
iv. 22 The county will he here with in.; as adj. =
pleasing, deliglitful Ham. iii. i. 165 the honey of
his music vows (Qq2 3 4 musickt).
nivisk : odoriferous substance secreted in a gland
or sac by the male musk-deer Wiv. n. ii. 70.
musk-cat : musk-deer, Moschus moschiferus (cf.
prec.) All'sW. v. ii. 21 (old edd. Muscat ; another
fre.j. 16th-17th cent, spelling was 'musket ').
musk-rose : lar^e rambling rose with large frag-
rant flowers MKD. II. i. 252, II. ii. 3.
muss : game in which small objects are thrown
d'>\vu to be scrambled for Ant. iil. xi. [xiii.] 91
Li 1,1 hoys unto a innss. ^ Survives = ' scramble '
in Luicestersliire and Wai-wickshire.
m.ussel-s}iell : one who gapes (like a mussel-shell)
Wiv. IV. V. 29.
mixst : very freq. with ellipsis of a vb. of motion
Gent. II. iv. 177 / must after, K2 i. ii. 50 / m. to
Coientry, Cajs. v. 1. 22 we in. out and talk. % Asa
past tense, used to express regret with regard to
an untowai'd event Mac. iv. iii. 212 And I must he
from thence .'.
m.uster (orig. sense is ' show, display ' ; cf. 1)
1 (?) to set an example of All'sW. ii. i. 55.
2 to enlist, enrol Cym. iv. iv. 10 not m~d Amonq
the bands.
muster-toook : book in which militai-y forces are
registered 2H4 in. ii. 148.
mvister-file: muster-roll All'sW. iv. iii. 190.
m.usty : stale Ham. in. ii. 3G0 [359] the proverb is. . .
mvite : silent spectator Ham. v. ii. 349 ; in oriental
countries, dumb house-servant or janitor Tw.N.
I. ii. 60, H5 I. ii. 232 our f/rave, Like Turkish in.,
shall have a tonyueless mouth, Cym. in. v. 158.
mutine: mutineer John ii. i. 378, Ham. v. ii. 6 ; also
as vb. to rebel (tig.) Ham. iii. iv. 83.
mutiny sb.: discord, contention LLL. i. i. 168, IHO
IV. i. 131, H8 in. ii. 121 There is a m. in's mind,
Rom. I. V. 84, Lucr. 1153 So with hei-self is she in m.
mutiny v)).: to contend, strive, quarrel R2 n. i. 28,
0th. II. i. 284, Ant. in. ix. [xi.] 13.
mutton (2 see also laced mutton)
1 sheep Gent. l. i. 101 u lost in., AYL. in. ii. 58.
2 food for lust, (hence) loose women Meas. in. ii. 196.
miitual (2 now regarded as incorrect, is the com-
monest S. sense)
1 intimate Meas. i. ii. 164 [158] onr most m. enter-
tainment, 2H6 I. i. 25 The mutiud conference.
2 common Gent. v. iv. 173 one m. happiness, MND.
IV. i. 123 one in. cry, Mor.V. v. i. 77, 1H4 i. i. 14,
Tit.v.iii.71, Ven. 1018 rn. overthrow of mortal kind.
mutuality: intimacy (not pre-S.) 0th. ii. i. 269.
mutually : in return Wiv. iv. vi. 10 ; jointly, in
common Wiv. v. v. 105, Meas. ii. iii. 27.
my : in vocative pln-ases, often placed between an
adj. and its noun, e. g. Wint. li. iii. 27 yood my
lords, R2 I. i. 184 dear my licye, Rom. in. v. 2U0
sireet my mother. Ham. i. ii. 5(i Dread my lord (Ff).
mynheers t [Dutch]: sirs Wiv. ii. L 238 (Fi An-
lau-is).
Myrmidon : one of a warlike race of Thessaly,
whom Achilles led to the siege of Troy, Tw.N. n.
iii. 30, Troil. v. v. 33, &c.; the great M., Achilles
Troil. I. iii. 378.
mystery ' : iiersonal secret Ham.ni.ii. 389 [382] you
iioitid jilark out the heart of my mystery.
mystery''' (late Latin ' misterium ' = ' ministerium ')
1 craft, trade, profession Meas. iv. ii. 30, &c., Tim.
IV. i. 18, iii. 461 thrirein our mystery, 0th. iv. ii. 29.
2 skill, art All'sW. iii. vi. 67 your in. in stratayem.
-NATURE
N
naif: applied to a wanton woman 2H4 ii. iv. 204,
Ant. III. viii. 20 [x. 10] Yon rihaudred nay of Egypt.
^ Cf. HACKNEY, JADE.
Naiads : river-nymphs Tp. iv. i. 128.
nail:
1 blow one's nail{s, (i) lit. so as to keep one's hands
warm LLL. v. ii. 921 Dick the sheplurd blows his
nail, 3H6 ii. v. 3 ; (ii) fig. to exercise patience
Shr. I. i. 108. [109.
2 measure of length for cloth, 2i inches Shr. iv. iii.
naked (the literal sense and derived fig. uses 'desti-
tute', 'unprovided', 'unfurnished' are freq.)
1 n. bed, used with ref. to the custom of sleeping
entirely naked Ven. 397 in her naked bed.
2 unarmed 2H6 in. ii. 234 he [is] hut n., though lock'd
tip in steel. Cor. i. x. 20, 0th. v. ii. 257.
3 mere, bare Gent. ii. iv. 143 the very n. name of love.
nakedness : bareness, destitution H5 iv. i. 110,
Tim. IV. i. 33.
name sb. (l cf. the uses of Latin ' nomine ')
1 ((( (the) n. of, under the title or designation of, in
the character of Wiv. in. v. 102 in the n. of foul
clothes, IV. iv. 78, Ado n. i. 181, Wint. in. ii. 61
Which comes to me in n. of fault, R2 1. i. 89 ; by the
n. of, in the quality of, as Ado in. iii. 154, H5 n.
ii. 146, iStc, H8 n. i. 69 by that name (i.e. as a
traitor), Mac. ii. i. 16.
2 family, stock All'sW. i. iii. 164, &c., Tit. n. iii.
183 oar general name (=the human race).
3 distingui.shed or honourable repute, honour Meas.
I. ii. 179 /or a n., 1H6 iv. iv. 9 hear the n., Cor. n.
i. 151 the whole name oftlie war.
name vb.: to utter, say'(S.) LLL. v. ii. 240, 3H6 v.
V. 58, Tit. III. ii. 33 name the word of hands,
nameless (all senses are not pre-S.)
1 of unknown name Gent. n. i. 115.
2 bearing no legitimate name Lucr. 522.
3 inexpressible, indefinable Gent. in. i. 322 n. rir-
tiKs, R2 II. ii. 40 nameless woe.
napkin : handkerchief (the only S. sense) Compl. 15.
Naples: in 0th. in. i. 4 a ref. to the venereal
disease ; cf. Neapolitan.
narrow adj.: small Ant. in. iv. 8 narrow measure.
narrow adv.: closely Shr. in. ii. 149 n. prying.
narrowly: carefully, closely Ado v. iv. 118, Shr.
in. ii. 142.
native sb.: (?) origin, source Cor. in. i. 128* the n.
Of our so frank dotmtion (Heath motive f).
native adj. (the gen. mod. sense ' belonging to a
certain countiy, or to one's birthplace ' is freq.)
1 natural LLL. iv. iii. '263 n. blood, John in. iv. 83
n. beauty, Kom. iv. i. 97, Ham. in. i. 84 the n. hue
of resolution ; with to 0th. n. i. 219 a nobility . . ,
nujre than is native to them.
2 closely connected, related (to) All'sW. i. i. 242 hiss
like native things. Ham. i. ii. 47.
3 proper, rightful R2 in. ii. 25 her native king. [53.
natural sb.: idiot, half-wit Tp. in. ii. 38, AYL. i. ii.
natural adi". (various ordinary uses occur)
1 that is so by birth 3H6 l. i. 82 Whom should he
follow hut his n. king 1, Lr. rv. vi. 196 The n.fool of
fortune ( = born to bo the sport of fortune).
2 related by blood AYL. i. i. IbWhisn. brother, Tim.
IV. iii. 385 'Twixt n. son and sire, Cym. in. iii. 107.
3 having natural feeling or kindnessMeas. in. i. 228,
H5 II. Chor. 19 kind and natural, Lr. ll. i. 86.
4 (?) half-witted Tw.X. i. iii. 31.
naturalize : to familiarize All'sW. i. i. 227.
naturally : in a life-like manner Shr. Ind. 1. 87.
nature (2 not pre-S. and now dial.)
1 of n. = natural (in various senses) Troil. v. i. 39
NAUGHT -
147
— NEITHER
diiiiinii/iicsofn.. Ham. i. iv. bi/oohofn., Lr. i. ii.
117 irisdom ofn. {-natural philosopliy), 124 hian
of n. ( = natural affection).
2 natural feeling or affection Tp. v. i. 76 remorse and
II., 2H4 IV. V. 38 n., love, and filial tenderness, Mao.
I. V. 4G no compunctions visitiwjs ofn., Ham. i. v.
81, III. ii. 4181411]. [thing)
naugrht sb. (sometimes confused with noitght =no-
1 net at H., slight, despise Gent. I. i. 08, 2H4 v. ii.
85, Cor. III. i. 269; call all to n., abuse or decry
vehemently Ven. 993 (Qqi-4 nowjlti) ; be n.,
efface yourself, withdraw AYL. i. i. 39.
2 wickedness, wrong K3 1. i. 99 He that doth n. with
her; — ^/»/!//o/»j., something wicked MND. rv. ii.l5.
naught adj. (3 not pre-S,)
1 worthless, useless Ado v. i. 160 my knife's naught
AYL. III. ii. 15, JH5 i. Ii. 73 [his title] was corrupt
and naught.
2 wicked, naughty Rom. iii. ii. 86«// n all for-
sworn, Mac. IV. iii. 224, Ham. iii. ii. 158, Lr. ii. iv.
136 Thy sister's naught.
3 lost, ruined Cor. m. i. 230, Ant. in. viii. 11 [x. 1].
naughty: (of weather) bad, nasty Lr. in. iv. 114 'tis
a n. night to swim in. ^ The word is usu. applied
to persons = bad, wicked, worthless.
nave (2 is peculiar to S.)
1 hub (of a wheel) Ham. ll. ii. 526 [518] ; in 2H4 ii.
iv. 278 this n. of a wheel there is a ref. to Falstaff's
rotundity and a quibble with 'knave '.
2 navel Mac. i. ii. 22.
navel (once) : flg. centre Cor. in. i. 122.
navigation (once): vessels, shipping Mac. iv. i. 54.
nay : tlie commoner S. use is that of serving to cor-
rect, amplify, or emphasize something that pre-
cedes, or to express a mild protest, e. g. Tp. i. i.
17 Xay, good, be patient. Err. iv. ii. 36 A wolf, nay,
7i-orse, a fellow all in buff.
nayward (S.) : to the n., towards denial or disbelief
Wint. II. i. 63 lean to the nayward.
nayword (of obscure derivation)
1 watchword Wiv. ii. ii. 132, v. ii. 5.
2 byword, proverb Tw.N. n. iii. 147 if I do not gull
him into a nayword f (old edd. an ay word).
Nazarite: native of Kazareth Mer.V. i. iii. .35.
ne (twice) : and not, nor All'sW. ii. i. 176 ne worse of
II first (Ff; mod. edd. nay, worse — if worst f), For.
II. GowerSG. ^ Still current in tlie Eliz. period.
neaf : fist MND. iv. i. 20 (Qq Fi neafe, F2 nciife, F3
ncwse,_ F4 news), 2H4 11. iv. 199 (Q Ff neaffe).
Neapolitan bone-ache : venereal disease (cf.'JsAPLES)
Troil. II. iii. 20.
near adj. : closely affecting or touching one Tim. ni.
vi. 11 many my n. occasions ; absol. in Mac. in. i.
118 my near'st of life ( = my very inmost being).
near adv. » : nearer K2 m. ii. 64 Nor near nor further
off. . . Than this weak arm, Mac. 11. iii. 147 the near
in blood. The nearer bloody ; — ne'er the n., no
nearer the object in view K2 v. i. 88.
near adv. 2 and prep. :
1 come near the house, come or draio nearjenterlp. v.
i. 318, Wiv. I. iv. 137, in. iii. 159, Mer.V. v. i. 223.
2 n. upon, close at hand Meas. iv. vi. 14.
3 go n. to, be on the point of, almost succeed in (doing
something) Tp. 11. ii. 80, 2H6 i. ii. 102.
4 intimately, deeply, closely Gent. iii. i. 60 some
affairs That touch men., 1H6 in. i. 58, Tim. i. ii. 186 ;
also as prep, closely touching or affecting, esp. in
phr. come near Gent. iv. iii. 19 No qrief did ever
come so near thy heart, AYL. v. ii. 70 7/ ymi do love
Rosalind so near the heart, 1H4 1, ii. 14, H8 iii. i. 71,
0th. rv. i. 209 )/ it touch not you, it comes n. nobody.
5 intimate with 2H4 v. i. 80 being n. their master.
near-legged before -. going with the forelegs close
together Shr. in. ii. 58.
neat .sb.: animal of the ox-kind Tp. 11. ii. 75 neat's-
leather, Shr. IV. iii. 17 a neat's foot, 1H4 11. iv. 275
you dried neat's tongue ; cattle Wint. i. ii. 126.
neat adj. (1 applied in botli laudatory and depreci-
atory sense)
1 elegant Gent. i. ii. 10 a knight . . . neat and fine,
Wint. I. ii. 124 not neat, but cleanly, 1H4 I. iii. 33,
Lr. II. ii. 46 yon neat slave.
2 dainty Cym. iv. ii. 49 his neat cookery.
3 tidy Shr. iv. i. 117, 1H4 11. iv. 508. [i. i. 149.
neat-herd: cowherd Wint. rv. iii. [iv.] 334, Cym.
neb : beak, mouth Wint. i. ii. 183.
necessary : rendering useful service Cor. n. i. 93
« nictssary In ncher in tlie Capitol.
necessitied (S.) : n. to, in need of All'sW. v. iii. 85.
neck : phr. (1 j with ref. to hanging or beheading 1H4
11. i. 68 I'll give thee this neck, H5 iv. viii. 44 let his
neck answer for it ; (2) denoting the laying of a
charge upon one 0th. v. ii. 1 68 men must lay their
murders on your neck ; (3) in won the neck of, im-
mediately after 1H4 iv. iii. 92 in the mck u'f that,
Sonn. cxxxi. 11 One on another's neck ; (4) break
(one's) neck, destroy, kill Troil. in. iii. 262, v. iv.
34 a plague break thy neck !, Cor. in. iii. 30.
need sb.: for a need, in case of necessity, at a pinch
3H6 I. ii. 67, R3 ni. v. 84, Ham. n. ii. 573 [566] ;
had need, would do well (to), ought (to) AYL. n.
vii. 169, Tw.N. li.iii.202, 2H4 n.iv.l61, H8 ii.ii.45.
need vb. : it needs, it is necessary, there is necessity
Err. V. i. 393 It shall not need, 3H6 i. iv. 125, Mac.
V. ii. 29 ; what need{s ....«, what necessity is
there for. . . ? Err. ni. i. 60 What nmls all that ?,
Tim. I. ii. 251 what luedthesefnists f. Ant. 11. vii.
132 ^yllat needs more tvords!, Lucr. 31 ]Vhiit mcdith
thill iijitj!iji/y he niaele ?.
needful: warning supplies of men 3H6 n. i. 147
tliis iiuilful inir.
needle: one syll. in MND. in. ii. 204, John v. ii.
157 (Ffi2 necdl's). Per. iv. Gower 23, v. Gower 5,
where mod. edd. substitute the once common
spelling necid for old edd. needle ; in Per. v. Gower
5 (,!q have neile, another old and still dial. form.
needless : not in need AYL, 11. i. 46 his weeping
into the needless stream.
needly : of necessity Rom. ni. ii. 117.
needy: necessary Per. i. iv. 95 your needy bread,
neeze : to sneeze MND. 11. i. 56.
negative : denying Wint. i. ii. 274 impudently n.
neglect: to cause neglect of R3 in. iv. 24.
neglectingly : negligently 1H4 i. iii. 52.
neglection (not pre-S.) : negligence, neglect 1H6
IV. iii. 49, Troil. i. iii. 127, Per. in. iii. 20.
negligence : disregard, contempt Ham. iv. v. 133
ho/h the worlds I give to negligence.
negligent: due to negligence Ant. in. vi. 81 And
Iff in negligent danger.
neighbour sb.: the n. to, privy to R3 iv. ii. 43 ; in
attrib. use freq.= neighbouring. [by.
neighbour vb. : to lie near Ven. 259 a copse that n-s
neighbour'd :
1 n. by, liaving as a neighbour H5 i. i. 62.
2 closely connected or associated Ham. n. ii. 12 so
n. to his youth, Lr. l. i. 121 to my bosom Be as well n.
neighbourhood : friendly relations, neighbourly
feeling H5 v. ii. 381, Tim. iv. i. 17.
neither: used to strengthen a negative = (i) nor
tliat either Gent. n. v. 18 shedl she marry him ? —
No. — How then ? Shall he marry her 1 — No, neither.
Err. V. i. 94, 1H4 m. i. 244 ; (ii) either, e. g. Tp.
in. ii. 23 We'll not run . . . — Nor go neither, Gent.
II. iii. 18 nay, that cannot be so neither; (iii) for
all that, nevertheless Wint. n. iii. 157 lei it live:
It shall not neither ; also with but Ado I. i. 298
[290], Mer.V. in. v. 8, All'sW. 11. ii. 37, Ham. v. ii.
NEMESIS —
148
-NIP
121 and yet hut yaw neither , notso n., bynomeans
Adoiir. ui. 152, MND. in. i. 150, Cor. iv. v. 170.
Nemesis : goddess of retribution, (lience allusive-
ly) avenger IHO iv. vii. 78.
nephew (2 a common 17th 'ent. sense)
1 cousin IHO II. V. 64, Troii. i. ii. 13.
2 grandsou Otli. i. i. 112.
Neptune : god of tlie sea, (hence) the sea Tp. v. i.
35 tlie ebbiny N., MND. ll. i. 120 Jf-'s yellow sands,
Per. III. iii. 30.
Nereides: sea-nympbs Ant. ii. ii. 214.
nerve: sinew, tendon; esp. pi. = tlie parts of the
body in which the cliief strength lies Tp. i. ii.
481, Cor. I. i. 144, Ham. i. iv. 83, Cym. iii. iii. 94,
Soiin. cxx, 4 ; fig. Meas. l. iv. 53 the very n-s of
state ; sing, applied to a person Troil. i. iii. 55 n.
and bone of Greece, ^i The mod. sense is probably
represented in Ant. iv. viii. 21 A brain that
■nourishes our nerves.
nervy: vigorous, sinewy Cor. ii. i. 119 nervy arm.
net : applied to sophistical argument H5 i. ii. 93.
nether : committed here below Lr. iv. ii. 79 our
ndher crimes.
nether stock : stocking 1H4 ii. iv. 132 Til sew n-s.
neuter : neutral K2 ii. iii. 169 remain as neuter.
new adv.:
1 newly, freshly, recently, lately John iii. i. 233
even before this truce, but J)e;w before, Tim. I. ii. 81
thcj) were bleeding new, Sonn. Ivi. \0 two contracted
new.
2 anew, afresh, over again Err. iii. ii. 39 would yon
create me new ?, R2 i.ui.l6farbish new, H5 iv.i.315
/ Richard's body have interred new, Cyni. i. vi. 105
new o'er, Sonn. Ixxvi. 11 dressing old words new.
H Used very freq. in both senses prefixed (and
often hyphened in mod. edd.) to pa. pples.; also,
in sense 1, to pres. pples. (4 instances), and once
to an adj. (new-sad LLL. v. ii. 739), and in sense
2, to transitive verbs (7 instances). The foil, com-
pounds are not pre-S.: new-built Shr. V. ii. 119,
new-create 0th. iv. i. 287, new-devised LLL. i. ii.
67, new-fallen 1H4 v. i. 44, new-form Tp. i. ii. 83,
new-risen IHO I. iv. 102, new-sprimg Yon. 1171.
next (1 next way survives in the midlands)
1 nearest in place Tp. in. ii. 42 if i/ou prove a mu-
tiiieer, the next tree .', Wint. i. ii. 195 his next neigh-
bour ; plir. then, ivay (lit. and fig.) AH'sW. i. iii.
64 I speak the truth the n. loay, AVint. iii. iii. 129,
1H4I1I. i. 203.
2 nearest in relationship 1H4 i. iii. 14G the n. of
blood, 1 H6 II. V. 73 the n. bg birth, Sonn. cxxxiii. 0.
3 absol. the next, what comes next or afterwards
2H6 III. i. 383.
nice (of somewhat vague use in the 16th-17tlicent.
and freq. variously explained by comni. on S.;
the common mod. sense of ' agreeable ' is post-S.)
1 wanton, lascivious LLL. iii. i. 25 nice wenches,
Ant. III. xi. [xiii.] 179'.
2 notable to bear much, delicate 2H4 1. i. 145 Hence,
therefore, thou nice crutch .'.
3 shy, coy Gent. iii. i. 82 she is nice and coy, LLL.
V. ii. 220 We'll not be nice : take hands.
4 reluctant, unwilling; Tphr.makesniceof, isscrupu-
lous about John in. iv. 138.
5 fastidious, dainty, 'particular' Mer.V. n. i. 14
nice direction of a maiden's eyes, Shr. in. i. 81,
AU'sW. V. i. 15 sharp occasions. Which lay nice
manners by, H5 v. ii. 291*, 297*, Compl. 97.
6 minute, subtle LLL. v. ii. 233, 1H6 ii. iv. 17 these
nice sharp quillets of the law, 3H6 iv. viL bSwhere-
fore stand you on nice points ?.
7 slender 0th. in. iii. IS* nice andwaterish diet.
8 unimportant, trivial R3 in. vii. 174 the respects
. . . are nice and trivial, Rom, ill. i. 160, V. li. 18
not nice, but full of charge, Caes. iv. iii. 8 evcrg nice
offence.
9 critical, precarious 1H4 iv. i. 48 the nice hazard of
one doubtful hour.
10 accurate, exact, precise Ado v. i. 75* his nice fence,
2H4 II. iii. 40, Troii. iv. v. 249 n. conjecture, Mac.
IV. iii. 174 0! relation Too n,, Lucr. 1412 the
painter was so nice.
nicely :
1 elegantly, daintily Tw.N. in. i. 17 they that dully
nicilg with words. Cor. ii. i. 230.
2 trill! ngly R2 ii. i. 84\
3 scrupulously, punctiliously Lr. ll. ii. 110 silly-
ducking observants. That stretch their duties n., V.
iii. 140, Per. iv. i. 6 ; with great particularity H5
V. ii. '■Aarticles too nicely wg'd,
4 ' by nice and subtle sophistry ' (J.) H5 i. ii. 15.
5 with e.Kact correspondence Cym. ii. iv. 90.
niceness: coyness Cym. in. iv. 158 /ear and n.
nice-preserved: coyly guarded Tit. ii. iii. 135.
nicety: reserve, coyness Meas. ii. iv. 163.
Nicholas : patron saint of scholars Gent. in. i. 303;
Saint Nicholas' clerks, highwaymen 1H4 n. i. 68.
nick sb. (1 developed from the sense of ' notch used
as a means of keeping a score ')
1 out of all nick, lit. beyond all reckoning, i.e.
exceedingly Gent. iv. ii. 77. [interim).
2 m the n., at the right moment 0th. v. ii. 316 (Ff
nick vb.: to cut in nicks or notches Err. v. i. 175 ;
fig. to cut short Ant. in. xi. [xiii.] 8.
nickname: to name wrongly Ham. ni. i, 153 ; to
mention by mistake LLL. v. ii. 350.
niece: grand-daughter R3 iv. i. 1. ^Cf. nephew.
nig'g'ard : to put off (toith a small amount of some-
thing) C;es. IV. iii. 227.
nig'g'arding : miserly, sparing Sonn. i. 12.
nig'^ardly : sparingly "\Vi v. ii. li. 209.
night: IVAd/zi-^Af «.?, what timeof niglitisit? (cf.
DA Y 1) Mac. HI. iv. 120 ; good n., farewell {to) Tp. iv.
i. bigood n. your vow, Meas. v. i. 296 Goodn. to your
redress, Shr, 11. i. 295 [303], R3 iv. iii. 39 bid the
world good n.. Ant. lii. viii. 39 [x. 20] ; the n.,
during the night, by night (S.) 2H4 iv. v. 124, R3
IV. iv. 118 to sleep tlie n.;—on m-(s), by night
(habitually) 2H4 ii. i. 85, ii. iv. 251 ; of the n., at
night MND. «. i. 253.
night-bird: nightingale Per. iv. Gower 26.
night-cap or -cape : fig. wife 0th. ii. i. 319.
night-crow : (?) owl 3H0 v. vi. 45.
nighted (not pre-S.) ; dark or black as night (S.)
Ham. I. ii. 68 cast thy n. colour off'iQq ; Fi nightly),
Lr. IV. V. 13 to dispatch Nis nighted life.
night-gown: kind of dressing-gown worn at night
Ado in. iv. 18, Mac. ii. ii. 71, v. i. 6, 68, 0th. iv.
iii. 34.
nightly adj. :
1 belonging to the night, used by night, active at
night Gent.n.iv. 1.33 M./f(i)s, MND. v. i. 379?i.rf le/s,
Tit. II. iii. 97 the n. owl, Lucr. 680 n. linen, 1080.
2 dark Ham. i. ii. 68 (see nighted).
nightly adv. : at night MND. n. ii. 6, Rom. iv. i. 81.
night-rule: diversion of the night MND. in. ii. 5.
nill : will not; except in the phr. will he, nitl he
(H.am.v. i. 18),njill you,nill gouiShr. ii. i. 265 [273])
only archaically in Per. in. Gower 55 / nill relate,
Pilgr. xiv. 8 [188] mil I construe.
nimble-pinioned: swift-winged Rom. ii. v. 7.
nimbly: briskly Mac. i. vi. 2.
ninefold* : attendant company ofnineLr. in. iv.l24.
Niobe: in Greek mythology, a woman changed into
stone while weeping for the death of her children
Troil. V. X. 19, Ham. i. ii. 149 Like N., all tears.
nip : [i. 89.
1 nips r the head, gives a decisive check to Meas. iii.
KIT-
2 to arrest tlie attention of Per. v. i. 235 Jloii hea-
renlij music : It nips me unto list'nin;/.
nit : applied to persons in contempt LLL. iv. i. 152
iiinst pdlhelical nit, Shr. iv. iii. 110.
noblesse: nobility R2 iv. i. 119 (Qi only).
nobody: in old edd. mostly two words, sometimes
liynliened : stressed iio'bodj) or nobo'dy.
nod si).: oscillation li'i iir. iv! 99.
nod vb.: to beckon (a person) Ant. in. vi. 66.
noddy: simpleton Gent. i. i. 120, &c.
noise sb. (2 Chaucer applies ' make noyse ' to the
, nightingale)
f 1 rumour, report Troil. i. ii. 12 The n. goes, Lr. in.
vi. 120, Ant. I. ii. 150 tlie least noise of this.
2 musical sound, music Tp. iii. ii. 147, Mac. iv. i.
106, Ham. v. ii. 363, Ant, iv. iii. 12.
3 band of musicians 2H4 ii. iv. 13.
noise vb. (chiefly in noise abroad) [arjaitisl us.
1 to clamour Ant. iii. vi. 96 a trull. That noises it
2 to rumour Tim. iv. iii. 406.
nole, nowl: head MND. in. ii. 17.
nominate (senses now rare) : to name, call LLL. i.
ii. 16, V. i. 8, AYL. v. iv. 92, 2H6 ii. i. 129 ; to ap-
point, specify Mer.V. i. iii. 150, iv. i. 260.
nomination: naming, mention LLL. iv. ii. 140,
Ham. V. ii. 134 ; specifying, appointing R3 in. iv. 5.
nonage : minority K3 ii. iii. 13 in his nonage.
nonce : for the n., for tlie purpose in hand, on pur-
pose, expressly 1H4 i. ii. 200 1 have cases of buckram
for the n.. Ham. iv. vii. 100 I'll have prepar'd him
A chalice for the n.\ as a tag with no special mean-
ing (after the fashion of Middle English poetry)
UK) II. iii. 57 This is a riddling merchant for ilii; n.
noncome : usii. taken as a nonsensical abbrevia-
tion of ' non compos (mentis) ', but perhaps in-
tended as a substitute for ' nonplus ' Ado iii. v. 08
(Dogberry).
none adj.: not any, no .John in. iv. 151 n. so small
adianlage ( = no advantage however small), H8 iv.
i. 33 made of n. effect, Ant. I. iii. 36 n. our parts
f= no parts of oiirs), Cyni. i. iv. 108 n. so accom-
/ilisliul a (imrtier, vi. 59 none a stranger.
nonny-nonny: meaningless refrain Ado ii. iii. 73,
Hani. IV. V. 164 ; so nonny-no, nonino AYL. v.
iii. 19, &c.
nonpareil: one that lias no o'lual Tp. in. ii. Ill,
Tw. N. I. V. 275 The n. of beauty, Mac. in. iv. 19,
Ant. III. ii. 11.
non-reg'ardance (S.): disregard Tw.N. v. i. 125.
nonsuit : to reject the suit of 0th. i. i. 16.
nook-shotten (not pre-S.): running out into cor-
ners HT) in. V. 14 that n. isle of Albion. ^ Survives
in north-west-midland dialects.
north : north wind Oth. v. ii. 218 as liberal as the n.
(Q I ".'/'f ), Cym. I. iii. 36 breathing of the n. ; — sailed
into the n. of = ' out of the sunshine of (Wriglit)
Tw.N. in. ii. 29.
northern star: north or pole star Ca^s. in. i. 60.
nose : plir. by one's nose, under one's vei-y eyes Tit.
II. i. 9t ; so to one's twsc Cor. rv. vi. 84 ; bite, plurlc,
tweak bii the n., treat with contempt Meas. i. iii. 29,
in. i. 107, V. i. 339, Ham. li. ii. 609 L601J ; Speak V
the nose Oth. in. i. 4 and down villi tlie nose Tim.
IV. iii. 158 refer to the effects of venereal disease.
nose-herb : plant grown for its perfume, scented
licrb AHsW. IV. v. 20. [iii- ^'^^
nose-painting' : colouring of the nose red Mac. n.
not (obsolete uses)
1 preceding the finite verb Tp. ii. i. 128 [121] I not
doubt, R3 I. ii. 251 wliose all not equals Edimrd's
moiety, Ant. li. i. 3 nhat they do delaif, tin y not d< ny.
2 = not only Meas. iv. i. 68 It is not my rtnisi iit, lint
my entreaty too. Cor. in. ii. 71, iii. 95, Per. in. ii. 46.
3 - not even Ant. ii. ii. 70.
149 -NUITCLB
not-answering-: refusal to answer Troil. in. iii. 273.
not-appearance : non-appearance in court H8 iv.
i. 30.
notary : clerk, secretary (fig.) Lucr. 765 Dim register
and notary of shame!.
note sb. (3 occurs once ; 5 phr. of note is not pre-S.)
1 sign, token, indication Ado in. ii. 54, Wint. i. ii.
2, 287 a note infallible Of breaking honesty, H5 iv.
Chor. 35 no note Now . . ., Tim. i. ii. 53* dam/crous
notes, Cym. n. ii. 28 natural notes about her body.
2 stigma, reproach, brand LLL. iv. iii. 125 aperjurd,
n., V. ii. 75, R2 i. i. 43, Lucr. 208 my posterity,
sham'd with the note.
3 observation, remark Tw.N. in. iv. 170.
4 bill, account 2H4 v. i. 19 the smith's nole for shoe-
ing and plough-irons, Tim. il. ii. 16,
5 distinction, importance, eminence Cym. ii. iii. 127
soil The pricious n. of it with a base slave ; in phr.
of sucli-and-such note Mae. in. ii. 44, Cym. i. iv.
2, Compl. 233.
6 knowledge, information, intimation Tp. n. i. 256
[248], All'sW. I. iii. 235* in note {^-known), Tw.N.
in. ii. 40 take n. of it (=know about it), iv. iii. 29
come to n., Wint. i. i. 40, H8 i. ii. 48, Lr. ir. i. 86,
Cym. IV. iii. 44 Even to the note o' the king.
7 tune, melody, music Gent. i. ii. 78 Give me anote :
your ladyship can set, 2H6 in. ii. 40 smg a raven's
note, Cym. iv. ii. 237 use like note and words.
note vb. (1 only in quibbles ; 2 borrowed from
North's Plutarch) [Rom. iv. v. 123.
1 to set music to, provide with notes Troil. v. ii. 11,
2 to stigmatize, brand Caes. iv. iii. 2.
notedly: particularly Meas. v. i. 331.
nothing : nothingness Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 628 ad-
miring the notliing of it.
nothing-gift : worthless gift Cym. in. vi. 85.
notice (the foil, meanings are now arch.)
1 information Gent. ii. vi. 36 I'll give Iter father n. Of
their . . , flight, H5 iv. vii. 123 liring me just n. of
the numbers dead, Csos. in. ii. 275 they had some n.
( = they learned).
2 observation Cor. ii. iii. 166 To my poor unworthy n.
notify (twice only)
1 to notice Wiv. ii. ii. 86 she gives you to n. that. . ,
2 to give information Oth. ni. i. 31 to n. unto her.
notion: understanding, mind Cor. v. v. [vi.] 107,
Mac. in. i.Kian.craz'd, Lr. i. iv. 250/(/4«. weakens.
'H The only S. meaning.
not-pated : close-cropped, short-haired 1H4 ii. iv.
79 (knot-pated-f).
nouns: perversion of 'wounds' in the oath od's
nouns Wiv. iv. i. 26.
nourish sb. : nurse (fig.) 1H6 i. i. 50 Our isle be made
(I, niiiirish of salt tears [marishf).
nourish vb.: to support, maintain 2H6 in. i. 348
Willies I in Ireland nourish a mighty band.
nouslef: see nuzzle.
no-verb : word that does not exist Wiv. iii. i. 107.
novum : old game at dice played by five or six per-
sons, the two principal throws being nine and five
LLL. v. ii. 545 Aliate throw at novum.
now-bom* (Ffi 2 borne) : (?) produced at tliis junc-
ture All'sW. II. iii. 180.
nowl : sec nole.
noyance: harm Ham. in. iii. 13 To hup itself from n.
numb: causing chill R3 11. i. lis tin. 11. midnight.
nviniber sb. : the multitude, tlie ])opulate Cor. in.
i. 71 us, the honour'd numbir.
number vb.: to celebrate in 'numbers' or verse
(S.) Ant. in. ii. 17*.
number'd : abounding in stones or sand Cym. 1. vi.
3B the II. bench (Tlicobald III' unnumbcr'df).
nuncio: messenger Tw.N. i. iv. 28.
nuncle : variant of ' uncle ' with ' n ' carried on from
11
Kussz: —
150
— OCCASION
'iiiinu', 'the customary appellation of the licensed
fool to his superiors' (Nares) Lr. i. iv. 117, &c.
nurse : fig. that which fosters or promotes some-
thing Gent. in. i. 244 Tdiib is the n. and breeder o,t
all yood, H5 v. ii. 35 Beam, of arU, Ant. v. ii. 8,
Yen. 446 ; so the vb. Meas. lii. i. 15 n-'d by base-
ness, H8 V. V. 29 truth shall nurse her, Lucr. 141.
nurser : =nurse (fig.) IHb iv. vii. 46.
nursery: nursing Lr. i. i. 126. ^ In Slir. i. i. 2,
Troil. I. iii. 319 the metaphor is taken from gar-
dening ; in All'sW. I. ii, 16 = scliool, sphere of
training.
nurture: education, training Tp. iv. i. 189, AYL.
11. vii. 97 7. . . knoio some nurture. [iv. iii. 74.
nut: as a type of something of trifling value Err.
nutliook : beadle, constable Wiv. i. i. 173, 2H4 v.
iv. 8.
nuzzle vb.': to push with the noseVen. 1115 huzz-
liiif/ in his flank (Qq iwusHnij).
nuzzle vb.-: to train up Per. i. iv. 42 to n. up their
babes (old edd. nouzle, nouzell, mod. edd. iwuslcf).
nymph: young and beautiful woman Gent. v. iv.
12, MND. II. i. 245, &c., Ham. in. i. 89.
o
O sb. (plural written Oes, in mod. edd. O's)
1 cipher, mere notliing Lr. i. iv. 214 thou urt an
0 U'ltliout ufi(jure.
2 circle, round spot LLL. v. ii. 45 0, that i/oiir face
7vere not so full of 0'6-( = smallpox marks), MNU.
III. ii. 188 yon f.try oes ( = stars), H5 i, Clior. 13
this loooden 0 ( = the Globe Theatre, London),
Ant. V. ii. 81 The little 0, the earth.
O interj.: used as a sb.=lament Rom. iii. iii, 89
V/hy should you fall into so deep an 0?.
o' : very freq. for o/and on ; of. a'.
oak : the wood of the tree 0th. iii. iii. 210 close as
oak ; the leaves used as a garland Cor. i. iii. 16,
II. ii. 103 ; cf. ii. i. 140 oaken, garland.
oar vb. (not pre-S.): to row Tp.' ii. i. 125 [118].
oathable (S.): fit to take an oath Tim. iv. iii. 136.
oh.: abbreviation of 'obolus' = halfpenny 1H4 ii. iv.
597 [590].
obdu'rate: always so stressed, e.g. Ven. 199.
obedient: of obedience AU'sW. ii. iii. 167 that o.
riyht, 1H4 v. i. 17 nioee in that obedient orb.
obey: twice construed with to Troil. in. i. 167 his
stubborn buckles . . . Shall more o. tlian to the edyi
of steel, Phoen. 4 To irhose sound chaste irin^/s obey.
Obidicut : name of a fiend taken, like Fi.iisberti-
oiBBET, from Harsnet, where it is spelt 'Haberdi-
cut ', Lr. IV. i. 60.
object sb.': often somewhat specific = one that ex-
cites love or pity or their opposites MND. iv. i.
176 The 0. and the pleasure of mine eye. Is onlij
Helena, H8 i. i. 127 (see abject), Troil. iv. v. 106,
Tim. IV. iii. 123 Sirear ayainst objects (i.e. be not
moved to pity), Ven. 255 her object will anay.
object sb.- : presentation (of something) to tlie eye
or the perception Troil. ii. ii. 41 reason flics the o.
of all harm. Cor. i. i. 21 the object of our tniser>j.
object vb.; to urge 1H6 ii. iv. 43 it is well objected.
Objection: charge, accusation 1H6 iv. i. 129, 2H6
I. iii. 15S, H8 iir. ii. 308 I dare your tvorst o-s.
oblig'ation : bond, contract Wiv. i. i. 11 quittance,
or 0., 2H6 IV. ii. 104 /(« can make obligations.
Obliged: pledged Mer.V. ii. vi. 7 obliged faith.
oblique: indirectTroil.v.i.61o. jjiOHOrm^o/'cnc/.oMi,
Tim. IV. iii. 18 all iso.f (old edd. All's obtiquie).
oblivious: causing forgetfulness Mac, v. iii. 43.
obloqiiy: renroacb, disgrace All'sW. iv. ii. 44,
Lucr. 523 thou, the author of their obloquy.
obscene: disgusting, repulsive LLL. i. i. 242 that
most 0. u)ul preposterous event, R2 iv. i. 131 so . . .
0. a deed, 1H4 ii. iv. 256 o., greasy talloir-catch.
obscenely: misused in LLL. I'v. i. 147, MND. i. ii.ll2.
obscure adj. (stressed like entire)
1 dark, dim Mer.V. ii. vii. 51 the o'bscure grave.
Veil. 237 brakes obscn're ayul rough ; loving the
darkness Mac. li. iii. 65 The o'bscure bird.
2 retired, remote Tit. ii. iii. 77 an o'bscure plot.
3 lowly, mean, undistinguished R2 iii. iii. 154 an
o'bscure grave, 2H6 iv. i. 50 Obscu're and lowly
strain, Ham. iv. v. 213 his o'bscure burial.
4 not clear or plain LLL. in. i. 88 Some o'bscure pre-
cedence. [C»s. I. ii. 324.
obscurely: in the dark Lucr. 1250; not openly
Obsequies: dutiful acts performed in memory of
one departed 3H6 i. iv. 147, Rom. v. iii. 16, 20.
obsequious (2 this sense is mainly S.)
1 dutiful, obedient Wiv. iv. ii. 2 I see yon are o. in
your love, Meas. ll. iv. 29 in o, fondness Crowd to
his presence.
2 dutiful in manifesting regard for the dead 3H6 ii.
V. 118 so 0. will thy father be. Tit. v. iii. 152 o. tears.
Ham. I. ii. 92 To do o. sorrow, Sonn. xxxi. 5 many
a holyando. tear ; so obsequiously, as a dutiful
mourner R3 I. ii. 3.
observance (obs. or arch, uses are)
1 respectful attention, dutiful service, reverence
AViv. II. ii. 207 a doling o., AYL. v. ii. 103, 2H4
IV. iii. 16 do 0., Troil. i. iii. 31 With due a. of thy
yod-l ike seat, 0th. iii. iv. liSiQqobseruances, Ffist
observance, Fi obsernancic). [Lucr. 1385.
2 observant care Ham. iii. ii. 22 ivith this special o.,
3 observation AYL. iir. ii. 249, AirsV,\ iii. ii.bBi/
uhato.?, 0th. III. iii. 151, Ant. iii. iii. 22.
Observancy: ^observance 1, 0th. in. iv. 148(Fi),
o'bservant: obsequious attendant Lr. ii. ii. 109.
observation (2 cf. observance 1, observant, and
OBSERVE)
1 observance (of rites) MXD. iv. i. 110.
2 observing of the wishes of others, paying court,
obsequiousness John I. i. 208.
3 = OBSERVANCE 2, Tp. III. ill, 87 ivith good life And
observation strange.
4 something learned by observing, knowledge, ex-
perience Ado IV. i. 167, AYL. n. vii. 41 in his brain
. . he hath strange places cramm'd With o., Lr, i,
i. 292.
observe: to show respectful attention to, pay court
to, humour, gratify 2H4 iv. iv. 30, Tim. iv. iii.
213 his very breath, whom thou It c, Ham. III. i. 163
'The observed of all observers. [138.
observingr : compliant, obsequious Troil. ii. iii.
obstructt : impediment, bar Ant. in. vi. 61 Being
an 0. 'tween his lust and him (Ff abstract), ^ A
word not otherwise known.
obstruction :
1 sliutting out of light Tvv.N. iv. ii. 44.
2 stagnation of the blood Tw.N. iii. iv. 23 ; cold o.,
cessation of the vital functions Meas. in. i. 117 to
die . . . To lie in cold obstruction and to rot.
occasion (3 only S.)
1 opportunity for attacking or fault-finding John
IV. ii. 62 To grace occasions ; (?) AYL. iv. i. 184*
(see 3 below).
2 cause, reason (freq.) ; sometimes passes into
'cause of being occupied or detained, business'
Ado I. i. 157, Tim. in. vi. 12 ; on . . . occasion, for
a . . . reason Tw.N. ii. i. 44, R3 in. i. 26, 0th. iv. i.
59, Lucr. 1270.
3 tliat which is occasioned AYL. iv. i. 184' that
woman that cannot make her fault her husba>id's o.
(= ' represent her fault as occasioned by her hus-
band', J.).
OCCUPATION -
151
O'ER-WBESTED
4 particulurorperbonalneecloriequiremeiitMer.V.
II. i. 140 mi/ . . . iiiea)is Lie nil ntuock'd to your o-s,
Tim. III. ii. 26, Cyiii. v. v. 87 SulcmJu-mcr Imo-s.
5 course of events Jolin iv. ii. l'J5 Willilwld tlnj speed,
dnad/ul o..', 2H4 iv. i. 72 IJic roiii/li liirrtnt of o.
occupation: handicraft, trade, luisiiicss Meas. iv.
ii. 36, &c.. Cor. iv. i. 14, vi. 08 the xoiceofo. (-vote
of worliiug men), Cses. i. ii. 209, Ant. iv. iv. 17
The royal occupation.
I occupy (twice) : to have to do witli carnally Rom.
II. iv. 108 (quibblingly). ^ In consequence of its
vul,i,'ar use in this sense, tliis vb. was little used
in literature in the 17th and 18th cent.; cf. 2H4
II. iv. 159 an odious as lite word ' occupy '.
occurxent: event, incident Ham. v. ii. 371.
o'clock : old edd. a clock ; sec a '.
Od : ininced form of ' God ' used in oaths Wiv. i. i.
275 Od's plessed ivdl, in. iv. 59 Od's lieartlings (lit. -
little heart), iv. i. 26 Od's nouns, Tw.N. v. i. 188
Od's li/tlinys, 0th. iv. iii. 76 Od's vily, Cym. iv. ii.
293 oil's pilti kins ; by confusion Wiv. I. iv. 64 Od's
me, AYL. hi. v. 43 Od's my little li/e, iv. iii. 18 Od's
my will.
odd (the sense 'strange, peculiar ' is not pre-S.)
1 at variance ivitli Troil. iv. v. 264.
2 unconnected, irregular, casual Ado ii. iii. 255
[244] some odd quirks, Mer.V. ii. ii. 68 such odd
sayinys, I\3 1. iii. 337 old odd ends (Fi'oddc old eiuls).
3 out of the way Tp. 1, ii. 223 an o. anyle of the isle.
4 extra, received over and above Ham, v. ii. 185
)/(// sliaiiie and the odd hits. [action.
5 extraordinary, unexampled Lucr. 1433 such odd
odd-conceited : strangely devised Gent. ii. vii, 46.
odd-even : (?) midnightor tliercabouts 0th. i. i. 124
At this 0. . , . o' the night ; cf. Mac. in. iv. 127.
oddly: unequally, unevenly Troil. i. iii. 339.
Odds (2csp. in phr. 0^0.; 3 the commonest S. sense ;
the betting sense in lay odds 2H4 v. v. Ill is not
pre-S.)
1 initke 0. all even, level inequalities Meas. ill. i. 41
death . , . That makes these odds all tini.
2 variance, strife H5 ii. iv. 129, Tim. iv. iii. 42, 394,
Otli. II. iii. 187 this peevish odds.
3 balance of advantage, superiority (one way or
another) AYL. i. ii. 171 there is such o. in t.he man,
H5 IV. iii. 5/(6 to one . . . 'tis a fearful o.. Cor. in.
i. 244 'tis odds beyond arithmetic. Tit. v. ii. 19 Thou
hast the 0. of me, Ham. v. ii. 277 ire hare therefore
0.; phr. at (the) o., with the balance of advantage
in one's favour Ham. v. ii. 222, Ant. ii. iii. 38 ;
take (the) o., take advantage 1H4 v. i. 97, 2H6 iv.
X. 47.
4 chances, balance of probability Shr. iv. iii. 15 1,
Wint. v. i. 207, Cym. v. ii. 9.
oeillade (old edd. il{l)iad, eliad, ediad) : amorous
glance, ogle Wiv. i. iii. 66, Lr. iv. v. 25.
o'erbeat: to overwhelm Cor. iv. v. 137 Like a hold
flood 0. (so Ff ; mod. edd. o'erbeart, which is freq.
used by S. of waters overwliclniing the land).
o'erblow : to blow away H5 in. iii. 31.
o'ercloyed : filled to satiety K3 y. iii. 319. [moss.
o'ercome : overrun, covered Tit. ii. iii. 95 0. with
o'ercount: to outnumber Ant. ii. vi. 26.
o'ercrow: to overpower Ham. v. ii. 367.
o'erdyed : dyed with a second colour Wint. i. ii.
V'VA false As o'erdyed blacks.
o'er-eaten : nibbled away on all sides (fig.) Troil. v.
ii. 157 The fragments . . . Of her o'er-eaten faith.
o'er-eye : to observe LLL. iv. iii. 80 hecdfully o.
o'er-flourish'd* : covered with elaborate carvings
Tw.N. in. iv. 406 trunks o'er-flourish'd. [liquor.
O'erflow : to pour out Wiv. ii. ii. 159 that o. sxtch
O'erneen (S.) : flg. to cover (evil) with something
pleasing Sonn. Ciii. 4.
o'ergTown :
1 covered with hair Cym. iv. iv. 33 yourself . . . so
0. ; cf. o'ergrown with hair AYL. iv. iii. 108.
2 very big Meas. i. iii. 22 an o'ergroivn lion,
o'erleap (2 is only S.)
1 to leap over or across Mac. I. iv. 49 a step . . . I
must . . . o'erleap ; fig. to pass over, omit Cor. ii.
ii. 141 Let me o'erleap that custom.
2 refl. to leap too far Mac. i. vii. 27.
o'erlook (cf. overlook ; 3 not pre-S., now the com-
monest dial, use)
1 to examine, inspect, survey R3 iir. v. 16 o. the
nulls. Per. I. ii. 48 o. . . . tcliut lading's in unr haven ;
to peruse, read Gent. i. ii. 48 / tvo'tdd I had o-'d the
letter, MND. li. i. 121 your eyes; lohcre lo. Loie's
stories, Lr. i. ii. 41, Sonn. Ixxxii. 2.
2 to despise, slight John v. iv. 55.
3 to look upon with tlie evil eye, bewitch Wiv. v.
V. 89 thou wast o-'d even in thy birth, Mer.V. in. ii.
15 Ileslnew your eyes. They have o'erlook'd me.
o'ermaster: to have in one'spower John ii. i. 109.
o'er-ofiice (S.) : to lord it over (someone) by virtue
of one's oflfice Ham. v. i. 85 (Qq ore-reaches). [585.
o'erparted: having too difficult a part LLL. v. ii.
o'erpeer : =overpeer 1, Cor. ii. iii. 128.
o'erjjercli(S.) : to fly over Rom. ii. ii. 66 o. these tcalls.
o'erpicture: to surpass the picture of Ant. ii. ii.
208 O'lrpicturing that Venns irhere . . .
o'erpost (S.) : to get over rapidly 2H4 i. ii. 173.
o'erprize: to exceed, surpass Tp. i. ii. 92 O-'d all
jiojntlar rate.
o'er-reach: to overtake Ham. ni. i. 17.
o'er-run {over-run is used in other senses)
1 to flow over, overflow Meas. v. i. 317, Shr. Ind.
ii. 67, Tit. n. iii. 212.
2 to pass in review 3H6 i. iv. 45.
3 to run over Troil. in. iii. 163; fig. to overwhelm
AYL. v. i. 02 / will o'er-run thee ivith policy.
o'ershoot: refl. to go too far Cies. iii. li. 156.
o'ershot: =overshot LLL. iv. iii. 100.
o'ersized : to cover over with something like size
Ham. II. ii. 493 [484] o'ersized with . . . gore.
o'erskip : not to heed Lr. in. vi. 115.
o'erslip : =overslip Gent. n. ii. 9.
o'erstare : to outstare Mer.V. ii. i. 27 (Qi outstare).
o'erstink (S.) : to stink more than Tp. iv. i. 184.
o'erstraw'd : strewn over Yen. 1143 o. With sweets.
o'ersway (see also overswav)
1 to domineer over LLL. v. ii. 67.
2 to prevail over by superior authority or power
Ham. V. i. 250 but that great command o-s the order,
Sonn. Ixv. 2 mortality o'ersiniijs their power.
3 to influence, prevail upon Cas. n. i. 203.
o'erteemed: exhausted by excessive production
Ham. n. ii. 539 [531] her . . . o'erteemed loins.
o'ertook : overcome by drink Ham. n. i. 58.
o'ertrip : to trip over Mer.V. v. i. 7 o. the dew.
o'ervalue : to surpass in value Cym. i. iv. 125.
o'erwatched: wearied with much watching Caes.
IV. iii. 240, Lr. ii. ii. 177.
o'erween : - overween Wint. iv. i. [ii.] 9 or I o. to
think sn, 2H6 v. i. 151 a hot o-ingcur, '.iiity ill. ii. 144.
o'erwhelm : (of the brows) to overhang so as to
cover (the eyes) H5 in. i. 11 let the brow o. it [i.e.
the eye), Ven. 183 Bis louring brows o-ing his fair
sii/ht. ^ See also overwhelming,
o'erworn (cf. overworn)
1 the worse for wear, faded R3 i. i. 81 The Jealous
o'erworn widow.
2 worn out, exhausted Ven. 135 0., despised, Sonn.
Ixiii. 2 crush'd and o'erworn.
3 spent, passed away Ven. 800.
o'er-wrested : strained Troil. i. iii. 157 (old edd.
on-rested).
OP-
152
-OX
of(l nuw lepieseiitcd by'ott"; 4 a prevailing use of
this prep, down to 1600)
1 from, away from Err. ii. ii. 140 iear the stain d skin
of my harlot-hrow (mod. edd. off), All's W. ill. iv. 1
take the letter of her.
2 from (a certain' point of time), from (a certain stage
of existence) Gent. iv. iv. 3 one that I brought up
o/apiippu, Ham. ii. ii. 11 being of so young days
brought up with liim.
3 from (a person or thing as the origin or source)
1H4 V. iv. 23 lustier maintenance than I did look for
Of such an unqrown warrior; by reason of, through
Tp. V. i. 230 We were dead of sleep, 2H6 ii. i. 88
cam'st thou here by chance. Or of devotion ?, Cyni.
IV. iii. 3 A Madness, of which her life's in danger.
4 introducing the agent after a passive vb. = by Ado
I. iii. 30 to be disdained of all, R3 iv. iv. 419 tempted
of the devil. Ham. i. i. 25 seen of us.
5 introducing the means or instrument = with
Mer. V. V. i. 297 you are not satisfied Of these even's.
Ham. v. i. 233 why of that loam . . . might they not
stop a beer-barrel?.
0 in, in the person of All'sW. i. i. 7 I'oii shall find
of the king a husband, iv. ii. 65, v. iii. 1 We lost a
jewel of her.
7 in respect of (frcq. in dependence on an adj.)
Mer. V. II. ii. 196 too rude and bold of voice, 2H4 ii.
ii. 74 a proper fellow of my hamls, 0th. i. iii. 63
lame of sense.
8 during (a space of time) Shr. Ind. ii. 84 did I never
speak of all that tune ?, H8 ii. i. 147 Did you not of
late days hear . . . ?
9 =on (freq.) Mer.V. li. ii. 107 he had more hair of his
■ tail than I have of my face, All'sW. iv. iii. 336 a
plague of all drums, H5 ii. iii. 29 he cried out of sack,
Lr. I. v. 23 to keep one's eyes of either side's nose.
off adv. (idiomatic uses with vbs. will be found un-
der these vbs.; 3 not pre-S., still in dial, use)
1 beside the mirk Cor. ii. ii. 65 that's off.
2 be off, take off one's hat Cor. ii. iii. 106.
3 off of, from 2H6 ii. i. 96 A fall off of a tree.
oflfprep.: off the matter, irrelevantly (see matter 3)
Ado III. V. 10 (old edd. of: see or 1).
oifcap (S.) : to doff the cap 0th. i. i. 10.
offence ('transgression, fault' is the most freq.
sense, witli phr. do, make offence)
1 hurt, liaim, injury MND. ii'. ii. 23, AYL. in. v. 117,
John II. i. 75 To do o. and scathe, C<es. ii. i. 268 sick
0. ( = ' cause of harmful malady', Aldis Wright),
IV. iii. 200 Doing himself o., 0th. ii. iii. 224.
2 disfavour, disgrace Tvv.N. IV. ii. K so far in offence.
3 offensive object All's W. li. iii. 270 a general o.
ofFencef ul (S.) : sinful Meas. ir. iii. 2&your.. .o. act.
oifsnceless (not pre-S.) : harmless 0th. ii. iii. 278.
offend (senses 'annoy, vex physically or morally '
and ' do amiss, transgress' are common)
1 to sin against, wrong (a person), violate (a law)
Meas. III. ii. 16 he hath o-ed the law, AYL. i. iii. 55
Never , . . Did I o. your highness, R3 i. iv. 228, Lr.
1. ii. 181, 0th. V. ii. 59, Ant. iii. ix. [xi.] 49 / have
offended reputation.
2 to harm, hurt, injure Mer.V. iv. i. 140 Thou but
o-'st thy lungs to speak so loud, All'sW. v. iii. 55,
John IV. i. 132 Hubert . . . Will not o. thee, 2H4 il.
iv. 124, Lr. I. i. 310 ; absol. Tit. in. i. 46.
3 to be an obstacle or hindrance to Err. i. i. 89 the
sun . . . Dispcrs'd those vapours that o-ed us, Tim.
v. iv. GO off) ltd the stream Of regular justice.
ofifender: one wlio wrongsanotherSoiin. xxxiv. 11.
offending': transgression Otli. i. iii. 80.
offer (app. absol. for ' offer battle ')
1 to act on the offensive, make an attack 1H4 iv. i.
69 we of the o-ing side, 2H4 iv. i. 219 his powe'; like
to afangless lion, May offer, but not hold.
2 to venture, dare, presume {to do a thing) Shr. y. i.
64 irhat are you that o. to beat my servant ?, Wint.
IV. iii. [iv.] 808, Troil. ii. iii. 67 Agamemnon is a
fool to off'er to command Achilles.
Ofl5ce(thechiefS. meanings are 'service performed',
'duty', 'function', ' official position )
1 proper function or action Otli. iii. iv. 112 with all
the office of my heart.
2 people holding official position H8 i. i. 44, Ham.
111. i. 73 The insolence of office.
3 pi. parts of house-buildings devoted to purely
household matters, esp. kitclien, &c. R2 i. ii. 69,
2H4 I. iii. 47, Tim. ii. ii. 168, Mac. ii. i. 14, Otli. ii.
ii. 9 ; fig. Cor. l. i. 143 the cranks and o-s of man.
office vb. : [offc'd all.
1 to perform as a service All'sW. in. ii. 129 angels
2 to drive by virtue of one's office Cor. v. ii. dlvannol
office me from my son.
offic'd : appointed to an office, having a particular
function Wint. i. ii. 172 So stands this squire 0.
with HM", Otli. I. iii. 'iH 31y speculative and 0, instru-
ments (Qq actiue).
officer:
1 one who performs a service, agent Gent. i. ii. 43,
Shr. V. ii. 37 Spoke like an officer, All'sW. in. v. 17
a filthy officer lie is, Cses. iv. ii. 7, Ant. in. i. 17.
2 household servant Shr. iv. i. 50, Tw.N. ii. v. 54,
Mac. I. vii. 71, Cym. in. i, 65.
3 officer at arms, lierald, pursuivant 1\2 l. i. 204.
officious : zealous in one's duty Tit. v. ii. 202.
oft alj.: frequent Sonn. xiv. 8 By oft predict; so
often AYL. IV. i. 20 by often rumination.
oho (also written 0 ho, Oh ho)
1 mockery Tp. i. ii. 349, iv. i 227, Slir. v. ii. 57.
2 exultation ( = 'ha ! ha ! ') Tw.N. in. iv. 72, Ham.
in. ii. 119, Lr. v. i. 37.
3 pain( = 'oh ! oh ! ') Truil. in. i. 133 (old edd. oh ho).
Ham. IV. V. 33 (Qq Oho).
old sb.' : old age Troil. ii. ii. 104 mid-age and wrinkled
old (Ff i; Q elders, mo 1. edd. eldf). ^ In Eliz. times
used chieHy in phr. ' old ( = waiic) of the moon'.
old sb.^: early form of ' wold ' Lr. in. iv. 123.
old adj. (4 remains in midland dial.)
1 belonging to or characteristic of advanced age Tp.
I. ii. 369 old cramps, Lr. l. i. 190 his old course ;
Sonn. ii. 11 my old excuse.
2 that has been so (a certain number of years) Meas.
iv. ii. 135(1 prisoner nine years old.
3 in old clothes, shabby Shr. iv. i. 140.
4 great, plentiful, abundant Wiv. i. iv. 5 an old
abusing of God's patience. Ado v. ii. 102 Yonder' s
old coil at home, Mer.V. iv. ii. 15, Shr. in. ii. 30
news ! old news, 2H4ii. iv. 21, Mac. ii. iii. 2.
5 as adv. long ago Per. i. Gower 1.
omen (once) : ominous event Ham. I, i. 123.
omit (the foil, are the rarer uses)
1 to take no notice of, disregard Meas. iv. iii. 80,
2H4 IV. iv. 27, 2H6 in. ii. 382 Omitting Suffolk's
exile, my soul's treasure. Cor. in. i. 145.
2 to forbear to exercise 0th. ii. i. 71 do omit Their
mortal natures. [quittance.
omittance (S.) : omission AYL. iii. v. 133 o. is no
omnipotent (jocular) : 'almighty ', arrant 1H4 i.
ii. 121 the most omnipotent villain.
on prep. (2 orig. often an actual difference of idiom,
but from Eliz. times resulting from confusion of
OF and ON, both of which were reduced to o')
1 =froni Lr. v. iii. 167* ichat art thou That hast this
fortune on me 1 ; often taken =against (cf. upon).
2 - of, e.g. Tp. IV. i. 157 such stuff As dreams are
made on, Mac. n. iii. 44 f the very throat on me;
esp. in OH's = of his, on'< = of it.
3 =upoN 5 Tp. V. i. 4 How's the day?— On the sixtii
hour.
ONCS-
153
ORDAXN
once (1 esp. with an, !/=if even, if at all)
1 at any time, ever, at all Ado v. i. 218 an yon be a
cttrsiiig hypocrite once, 1H6 v. iii. 58, C3nn. v. iii.
78, Sonn. Ivii. 8 Wheti yon have bid your se7-vani
once adieu {when , . . once = whenever, eveiy time).
2 =for onceTp.iii.ii.25 speakonce in thy life, MND.
III. ii. 08 0 .' once tell true, 1H4 i. ii. 158 once in my
days I'll be a madcap ; hence merely emphasizing
an imper., Wiv. iii. iv. 103, LLL. rv. iii. 361.
3 = once for all; (hence) Tphr. once this, 'tisonce,tohe
brief, in short Err. in. i. 8'.», Ado i. i. 328 [320] ;
also simply once in the same sense Cor. ir. iii. 1.
4 at once, let us proceed without more ado 2H(5 iir.
i. 06, K3 III. iv. 1.
one -trunk- inheriting' : possessing only one
trunkful of effects Lr. ii. ii. 20.
oneyer (of uncertatn origin and meaning) : 1H4 it. i.
^5 burijoimisiers and yreat oneyers.
onion-ey'd : tearful Ant. iv. ii. 35 they weep ; And I
. . . am onion-ey'd.
onset : beginning, start Gent. m. ii. 94 give the o. to
thy yood adiice, Sonn. xc. 11. [286 (Ff union).
onyx: variety of quartz allied to agate Ham. v. ii.
open (2 chiefly in lay open ; 3 chiefly in open hand)
1 public Meas. ii. i. 140 an o. room, H8 ii. i. 168 We
are too o. here to argue this, Rom. v. iii. 193 With
0. outcry ; so in o., in public H8 in. ii. 405 ; also
adv. =publiclyTw.N. III. iii. 37 />ono^ //if nicfl/i/ooo.
2 patent, evident Wiv. i. iii. 26, Meas. ii. i. 21, 1H4
II. iv. 254 0., palpable, H5 ll. ii. 142, R3 in. v. 29
his apparent open guilt.
3 generous, liberal 2H4 iv. iv. 32 a hand 0. as day for
melting charity, Tim. v. i. 63 open bounty.
open vb. :
1 to disclose, reveal (a matter) Gent. i. i. 137, H5 r.
1. 78, I. ii. 16 o-ing titles inisinate. Ham. ii. ii. 18,
Cym. V. V. i2 1 would not Be lie re her lips in o-ing it.
2 (of hounds) to give tongue Wiv. iv. ii. 213 If I cry
out thus upon notrail,Heirr trust me when 1 0. again.
opener : one who reveals 2H4 iv. ii. 20.
open et cetera : substitute for ' open-arse ', the
old name of the medlar Rom. n. i. 38.
open-ey'd : vigilant Tp. n. i. 309 [301] 0. conspiracy.
operant : active Ham. in. ii. 186 My o. powers ;
potent Tim. iv. iii. 25 thy most operant poison.
operation: eflficacy Ant. iv. xiii. [xv.] 26 if knife,
drugs, serpents, have Edge, sting, or operation.
opinion (4 app. peculiar to S.)
1 censure 0th. iv. ii. 108.
2 ^ ' public opinion' 1H4 iii. ii. 42, 2H4 v. ii. 128,
0th. I. iii. 225 o., a sovereign mistress of effects.
3 (one's) reputation or credit Mer.V. i. i." 91 to be
dress'd in an o. Of wisdom, 1H4 iv. i. 77, v. iv. 48
Thou hast redeemed thy lost o., 0th. ll. iii. 197 your
rich opinion.
4 favourable estimate of oneself, (i) in a bad sense
= self-conceit, arrogance LLL. v, i. 6 learned with-
out 0., 1H4 in. i. 184, Troil. in. iii. 267, (ii) in a good
sense = self-confidence Troil. i. iii. 353, Ant. ii. i. 36.
opportunity : misused for ' importunity ' Wiv.
in. iv. 20*. Tl This use is found in other writers.
oppose:
1 to expose H8 iv. i. 67 opposing freely The beauty of
her person to the people, Lr. iv. vii. 32 To be o-'d
against the warring icinds (Qq exposd).
2 refl. and intr. to offer resistance (to), contend
(ar/ainst) Gent. ni. ii. 26, Wint. v. i. 46, R2 m. iii.
18, Ham. nr. 1. 60, Lr. iv. ii. 74, v. i. 27.
opposed :
1 opposite, contrary Mer.V. n. ix. 62 of o. natures,
1H4 III. i. Ill the opposed continent.
2 in antagonism, hostile \lHi. i.9thoseo. eyes, K5iv.
i. 311, Ham. I. iii. 67 th'opposfd ( = the adversary).
opposeless (not pre-S.) : irresistible Lr. iv. vi. 39.
opposing: opposite Per. in. Govfer \1 four o. coigns.
oppositesb. (common 17thcent. sense) : antagonist,
adversary, opponentTw.N. in. iv. 296 the mostskil-
ful, bloody, and fatal 0., R3 v. iv. 3 Daring an o. to
every danger, Lr. v. iii. 43 the o-s of this day' s strife.
opposite adj. : hostile, antagonistic, adverse 2H6iii.
ii. 251, R3 IV. iv. 216 at their births good stars were
0., Tim. I. i. 285 o. to humanity, Lr. li. i. 51, 0th.
I. ii. 67 0. to marriage ; const, with Tw.N. ii. v. 164
Be opposite with a kinsman, R3 n. ii. 94.
opposition (not pre-S. in these senses ; 1 is pecu-
liar to S.)
1 ottering for combat Ham. v. ii. 178 the o. of your
person in trial.
2 what is opposed 1H4 ii. iii. 16 too light for the
counterpoise of so great an opposition.
3 antagonism, hostility LLL. v. ii. 741, Rom. iv. ii.
19, Ham. i. ii. 100, Cym. n. v. 17.
4 encounter, combat Oth. n. iii. 186 In o. bloody,
phr. single o. 1H4 I. iii. 99, Cym. iv. i. 15*.
oppress (the lit. sense of ' press ' is traceable in
Luir. 1242 ; cf. oppression 1)
1 to suppress Per. in. Gower 29 The mutiny . . . t' o.
2 to trouble, harass, distress All'sW. i. iii. 155, Lr.
V. iii. 5, Cym. v. iv. 99.
oppress'd: distressed, troubled Ham. i. ii. 203 their
oppriss'd . . . eyes.
oppression :
1 pressure, burden R2 in. iv. 31 o. of their . . . weight,
Rom. I. iv, 24 To great o. for a tender thing.
2 distress, trouble R2 l. iv. 14 o. fjfsuch griif, H8 n.
iv. 206 i/ow under my o. I did reek, Rom. i. i. 190
thy good heart's o., Sonn. xxviii. 3 When day'so. is
not eas'd by night.
oppugnancy (not pre-S.) : conflict Troil. i. iii. 111.
orconj.': before Ham. v. ii. 30 (Ff £■)(); esp. or eV>- (in
old edd. often spelt ere) ; once or ever Ham. i. ii.
183 Or ever I had seen (Ff Ere I had euer seen).
or conj.^ (or . . , or = either . . . or, is very freq.)
1 or . . .or introduces alternative questions Mer.V.
m. ii. 64 Tell me where is fancy bred. Or in the heart
or in the head?, Cym. iv. ii. 356 How! a page ! Or
deador sleeping on him? \ so Orwhether.. . Or whether
Sonn. cxiv. 1, 3.
2 loosely used where no alternative is in question
Tim. II. ii. 165 my husbandry or falsehood (ex-
plained as a hendiadys), Ven. 10 More white and rid
than doves or roses are.
orangfe-tawny : of a dull yellowish brown MND.
I. ii. 97 your orange-la iiny beard, in. i. 132.
orator: advocate Lucr. 3U Uiauly itself doth of itself
persuade The eyes of men without an orator.
orto (6 is derived from 2) [rings).
1 circle MND. n. i. 9 lier orbs upon the green ( = fairy
2 (in old astronomy) each of the concentric spheres
which cari-y the planets and stars with tliem in
their revolutions Ado iv.i.57 n,v Z>/(m ( = the moon)
in her orb, Rom. li. ii. 110 the moon . . . That
monthly changes in her circled orb. Ant. in. xi.
[xiii.] iiG mil good stars.. . Have empty lift their orbs,
3 globe Compl. 289 orb of one particular tear.
4 heavenly body Mer.V. v. i. 60, Lr. i. i. 113, Cym.
I. vi. 35 The fiery orbs above.
5 the earth, the world Tw.N. in. i. 44, Ham. ii. ii.
515 [507] the orb below. Ant. v. ii.85.
6 sphere of action 1H4 v. i. 17, Per. i. ii. 122 m our
orbs we'll live so ro^ind and safe.
orlied: spherical; (of the sun) Tw.N. v. i. 281 ;
(of the earth) Ham. in. ii. 168, Compl. 25.
ordain (the most freq. sense is ' decree ')
1 to establish, found, institute Shr. in. i. 10 why
music was o-'d, 1H6 iv. i. .33, Cym. in. i. 56.
2 to design Tit. v. iii. 22 o-'d to an honourable end,
Rom. iv. V. 84 All things that we ordained festival.
ORDER - i;
order sb. U a common loth-lTth cent, sense)
1 suitable measures for tlie accomplishment of a
puipose Meas. ii. ii. 25 There slutll be o.for't ; esp.
in phr. take o., take measures or steps, maJ<e
necessary arrangements All'sW. iv. ii. 55 I'll o.
take my motlier shidl nut hear, RJ v. i. 53 there iso.
ta'enfor yon, 1H6 iii. ii. VliiNoii' null we take some
order in the tonin, Otli. v. ii. 72.
2 plan (of action), arrangement Jolin v. ii. 4 hnviny
our fair o. written (hirn, 1H4 in. i. 72, H5 iii. ii.
7a tiie 0. of the siei/e, Troil. iv. v. 70, Mac. v. vi. 6.
3 way in which something takes place 2H4 iv. iv.
100 The manner and true o. of the fight, 2H6 in. il.
129 hear the o. of his death, Cms. i. ii. 25 the o. of
the course ; course Ciies. lii. i. 2:i0.
order vb.: ' to regulate, direct, govern', is tlie only
S. sense ; in K2 v. iii. 140 ' to regulate the con-
veyance of (troops) '.
orderly : pioperly, duly, according to rule Mer. V.
n. ii. 18(i [17'J], «hr. iv. iii. 94, Ham. ni. ii. 222.
ordinance (in old edd. also ord{r)naHce, ordnance)
1 dispensation of providence, decree of destiny K.i
IV. iv. 184 God's just o., Lr. iv. i. 69, Cym. iv. ii.
145 Let ordinance Come as the gods foresay it.
2 practice, usage H5 ii. iv, 83, Cobs. i. iii. 66.
3 rank, order Cor. in. ii. 12 one hut of my ordinance.
4 ordnance, cannon John ii. i. 218, H5 ii. iv. 126.
ordinant : directing, controlling Ham. v. ii. 48 (Qq).
ordinary (1 not pre-Eliz.)
1 public meal regularly provided at a fixed price
in an eating-house or tavern All'sW. ii. iii. 210 ;
used vaguely Ant. n. ii. 233.
2 = ' ordinary run ' AYL. in. v. 42.
ordinate : (?) directing Ham. v. ii. 48 even in thai
n-as Iteaeen o. ^J Perhaps a ref. to the phr. ' or-
dinate power' (of God) = the divine power as
exhibited in the order of mundane things ; but
Qq read ordinant.
org'an (2 used sometimes ab.sol., where mod. usage
would require a qualifying phr. to be added)
1 musical instrument Ham. in. ii. 392 [385] there is
much music . . . in this little organ (viz. a pipe).
2 part or member of the body Ado iv. i. 228, Mer. V.
III. i. 64 liath not a Jew hands, organs . . . ?, H5 iv.
i. 21, Troil. v. ii. 120 thosn organs [viz. eyes and
ears], Lr. i. iv. 303, Ant. ii. vii. 50.
3 =' vocal organs' All'sW. ii. i. 179 His powerful
sound within an o. weak, Tw.N. I. iv. 33 as' the
maiden' so.,shr ill andsound;ci.'R!m\.u.A\.&^\[f&'i].
4 means of action or operation, instrument Meas. i.
i. 20 all the o-s Of our own power. Ham. iv. vii. 70
That I might be the organ.
5 mental faculty (regarded as an instrument of the
mind) Wiv, v. v. 57 the organs of her fantasy.
organ-pipe : used fig. = organ 3, (?) by association
with ' windpipe 'Tp. in. iii. 98, John v. vii. 23.
orgillous(Ff), orguloust: proud, Troil. Prol. 2.
orient: applied to pearls ascomingancientlyfrom
the East MND. iv. i.60, Ant. i. v. 41 ; hence applied
to a tear Yen. 981 an orient drop.
orifex: erron. form of ' orifice ' Troil v. ii. 148.
original: origin MND. n. i. 117, 2H4 i. ii. 132,
orison: prayer H5 ii. ii. .53, Ham. in. i. 89.
ornament: pi. equipment, attiro Shr. iv. iii. 61,
1H6 V. i. 54 For clothing me in tliese grave o-s,
Horn. I. i. 99.
orphan adj.: (?) = itnfathered, q.v. Wiv. v. v. 45
i'oH 0. Iieirs of fixed destiny (addressed to fairies).
ort: fragment of food, also fig. Troil. v. ii. 1.55 The
fractions of her faith, oris of her lore, Tim, iv, iii.
•102, Lucr. 985 a b'ggar's oris to crare.
orthography : app. an error for 'orthographer' in
Ado II. iii. 21 (Rowe orthographerf, Capell ortho-
graph ist-f).
1 - OUTBRAVE
osprey : large diurnal bird of prey feeding on fish,
Pandion Haliaetus Cor. iv. vii. 34 {Ff Aspraij).
ostent : manifestation, show, display Mer. V. ii. ii.
211 H-elt studied in a s((d o., ii. vui. 44 such fair o-s
of love, H5 V. Chor. 21, Per. i. ii. 25 th' ostent^ of
war (old edd. the stint).
ostentation (opprobrious sense once LLL.v. ii. 410)
1 show, exhibition, display Ado iv. i. 2U7, R2 ii. iii.
95, Cor. I. vi. 86, Ham. iv. v. 215, Ant. in. vi. 52.
2 spectacular show LLL. v. i. 121.
ostler : occurs 6 times in Pi, hostler once.
other adj., and sb. or pron. (oth(r as a pi. is freq.)
1 each preceding (one) Meas. iv. iv. 2 Every letter he
halh writ has disrouchid oilier, R2 l. i. 22 Each day
si ill hiltir ulhir's ha/ipciuss .', Vxs. 1. ii. 229 every
time ginlUr tliiin otiier.
2 u.sedtuciiaracteri/.e a thing as being of a different
kind from something before mentioned or con-
tiinplated i;2 i. i. 33 In the d( lotiint of a subject's
love . . . And free from o. mishigollin hate, Mac. iv.
iii. 90 ((// these [vices] are porlahh, With n. qraces
neigli'd, 0th. iv. ii. 83 to preserve this vessel for my
lord From any other foul unlawful touch.
3 «o 0. cause, no cause to be otherwise Err. li. i. 33.
othergates: in another way Tw.N. v. i. 199. Tj Sur-
vives ill the north and Warwickshire.
otherwhiles : at times 1H6 i. ii. 7.
Ottomite: ottoman, Turk, 0th. i. iii. 235.
ouch : brooch ; pi. used vaguely = gems, jewels 2H4
n. iv. 52 brooches, pearls, and ouches. [pound.
ought: owed 1H4 in. iii. 151 you, o. him a thousand
ounce: lynx MXD. n. ii. 30.
ouph : elf, goblin Wiv. iv. iv. 51, v. v. 63 (Ff). ^ The
synonymous forms 'auf, 'oaf, 'ouph' appear
in literature about 1620-5.
ousel (old edd. wejejseW, ouzell) : blackbird MXD. in.
i. 131 The o.-cock, so black of liue ; applied to a per-
son of dark hair or complexion (?) 2H4 in. ii. 9
Alas! a black ousel.
out adv. (obs. or peculiar uses ; see also out of)
1 without, outside Wiv. v. v. 62 within and out.
2 abroad Gent. l. iii. 7 seek preferment out.
3 in other hands or occupation Gent, v. ii. 29 [my
possessions] are out by lease.
4 at variance, not friends Mer.V. in. v. 34 Launcelot
and I are out, Cses. I. i. 17 out with me.
5 fully, quite "Tp. l. ii. 41 thou wast not Ot(t three
years old, iv. i. 101, Cor. iv. v. 127.
6 at an end, finished Tp. in. ii. 1 tchen the luft isotit,
R3 in. iii. 7 the limit of your lives is out. Ham. v.
ii. 202, Ant. iv. ix. 33."
7 = ' out at heel ' Ca?s. i. i. 18.
out prep. (2 cf. OUT adv. 1)
1 out of, from within 2H4 ii. ii. 27, Cor. v. ii. 41
pushed out your gales ; so from out Mer.V. in. iv.
21, R2III. iii. 64.
2 outside Tim. iv. i. 38 within and out thai netll.
out interj.: expressing abhorrence, reproacli, or in-
dignation Gent. II. vii. 54 Out, out, Lucetta! that
will be ill-favrmr'd, MND. III. ii. 65 Ouf,doq! out,
cur!, R3"i. iii, 118 Out, devil!, Lr. iv. vi. 250 Out,
dunghill!; so out upon (freq.) Wiv. i. iv. 174
Out upon t! what have If 07-got ? ; also with words
of lamentation (alack, ei'la.<ij Wiv. i. iv. 37, 0th. v.
ii. 117, Sonn. xxxiii. 11.
out- prefix : compotuids of the type exemplified in
oulfrown Fort unc^s frown (Lr. v. iii. 6), ot:T-HEROD
Herod, Our prayers do outpray his {'R2 v. iii. 109),
He hath ontvillained rillany (All'sW. iv. iii. 308)
are very numerous in S. and are fii-st illustrated
in his works.
outhrag : ' to exceed in pride of beauty ' (Schmidt)
Compl. 95.
outhrave (2 cf. bravery 2)
OUTBREATK'O -
155
OWE
1 to suipass ill valour Mer.V. ii. i. 28.
2 to excel in beauty Sonn. xciv. 12.
outtoreath'd : out of breath 2H4 i. i. 108.
outtourn : to burn away (S.) Pilgr. vii. 14 [08].
outcrafty (S.) : to excel in cralt Gym. in. iv. 15.
outdare :
1 to brave, defy R2 i. i. 190 this outdar'd dastard,
1H4 V. i. 40.
2 to surpass in dai'ing Cor. i. iv. 5.3.
outdwell (S.) : to stay beyond Mer.V. ii. vi. 3.
outface (1 the usual S. sense)
1 to stare down, (hence) put out of countenance
Err. V. i. 245, Mer.V. iv. ii. 17 o. thtm, nudoutswdir
them too, Ham. v. i. 300 To o. me with leaping in lur
(jrave ; to browbeat, intimidate John ii. i. 97 lia^i
. . . 0-d infant slate ; to frighten away //oh; 1H4 u.
iv. 287.
2 to brave, defy Lr. il. iii. 11 outface The winds.
3 to put a bold face on, brazen out Pilgr. 8 Outfacinc/
faults (cf. Sonn. cxxxviii. 8).
outfacing' : swaggering, brow-beating Ado v. i. 94.
out-Herod (S. coinage) : o. Herod, to outdo Herod
(represented in the old mystery plays as a blus-
tering tyrant) in violence ; to be moi-e outrageous
tlian tlie most outrageous Ham. iii. ii. 16.
outjest (S.) : to dispel by means of jesting Lr. iii. i.
Idthefool, nholahourstoo. His heart-struck injuries.
outlaw : used vaguely = exile 1H4 iv. iii. 58 ; so
outlawed, banished Lr. in. iv. 171.
outlive: intr. to survive Tit. n. iii. 132.
outlook (not pre-S.) : to look or stare down John
V. ii. 115.
outnigflit: to outdo in mentioning nights Mer.V.
V. i. 23 I would outnifilttyou.
out of: made from Wint. i. ii. 123 Thoj s-ii/ it is a
copy out of mine, Troil. i. i. 15 He that irill have a
cake out of tlie irheat must tarry tlie grindiny.
outpeer (not pre-S.) : to surpass Cym. in. vi. 86.
outprize (not pre-S.): to exceed in value Cym. i. iv.
9:{ she's oulprized by a trifle.
outrage : violent conduct or language, fury John
in. iv. 106, 1H6 IV. i. 12Q this imnindest clamorous
oulrai/e, I?3 I. iii. 277, ii. iv. 64, Rom. v. iii. 216.
outsell (not pre-S.) : lig. to exceed in value Cym.
II. iv. lOJ, III. V. 74. [374.
outsleep (not pre-S.) : to sleep beyond MND. v. i.
outspeak : to describe Avliat is more than (some-
lhing)H8ni. ii. 128.
outsport: to go beyond (limits) in revelling 0th.
n. iii. 3 Xfit to outsport discretion.
outstretch : to stretch to its limit Tim. v. iii. 3.
outstrike : to deal swifter blows than Ant. iv. vi.
36 n snifter mean Shall outstrike thought.
outwall : exterior Lr. in. i. 45.
outward sb.: outward appearance, exterior Troil.
in. ii. 169, Sonn. Ixix. 5, Compl. 80.
outward aili'.: not having an intimate knowledge
of things All'sW. ni. i. 11.
outward adv.: externally Meas. in. i. 87 This o.-
sainUd deputy, A<\oi. ii.9,Ham. n. ii.401[392](Ff).
outwards: externally Ham. n. ii. 401 [392] must
show fairly out/cards (Qq).
outwork: to excel in workmanship Ant. ii. ii. 209.
outworth : to be worth more than H8 i. i. 123.
overblown: blown over Tp. ii. ii. 119 7s the storm
0.7; cliifcllyfig. past Shr. v. ii. 3 perils o., R2 in. ii.
190, 2H6 I. iii. 155 »»(/ cliolcr being o., R3ii. iv. 01.
overbulk (S.) : to surpass Troil. i. iii. 320.
overbuy: to buy at a higher price Cym. i. i. 146
(' I am worth but a small fraction of what, in
giving himself, he has given for me,' Dowden).
overcome: to take by surprise Mac. iii. iv. Ill o.
us like a summer's cloud.
overeye : to observe Shr. Ind, i. 95,
overflow : excess, superfluity R2 v. iii. 64 Thy o. of
r/ood concerts to bad.
ovierglance : to cast the ej'e over LLL. iv. ii. 137.
overgo : to go beyond, exceed R3 ii. ii. 61, Sonn.
ciii. 7 ; to overcome, oppress 3H6 n. v. 123.
overhear : to liear over again (S.) LLL. v. ii. 95.
overbold: to over-estimate (S.) Troil. ii. iii. 143.
overleather : upper leather Shr. Ind. ii. 13.
overlive : to outlive 2H4 iv. i. 15.
overlook (cf. o'erlook)
1 to overtop H5 in. v. 9 Shall . . , Our scions . . .
Spirt up . . . And overlook their gr-aftirs ? .
2 to look down upon from above John n. i. 344, 3H6
I. iv. 180, Tit. n. i. 8, Ven. 178.
3 to jxruse H5 n. iv. 90, Ham. iv. vi. 13.
overlooking": superintendence All'sW. i. i. 46.
overlusty: too lively H5 iv. Chor. 18, Lr. n. iv. 9.
overpass : to pass, spend 1H6 ii. v. 117.
overpeer (1 cf. o'ekpeek)
1 to look over or down upon 1H6 i. iv. 11 to o. the
city. And thence discover how . . .
2 to rise or tower above Mer.V. i. i. 12 your argosies
. ..1)0 0. the petty traffickers, 3H6 v. ii. 14 Whose top
branch o~'d Jove's spreading tree ; fig. Ham. iv. v.
99 The ocean, overpeering of his list.
overplus: sb. surplus Ant. iii. vii. 50 Our o. of
shipping ; phr. in o., in excess Sonn. cxxxv. 2 ; —
adv. in addition Ant. iv. vi. 22.
over-read : to read through Meas. iv. ii. 212.
over-red (S.) : to redden over Mac. v. iii. 14 Go
prick thy face, and over-red thy fear.
over-ride : to overtake riding 2H4 i. i. 30.
overscutched : o. huswife (see huswife 2), app. =
' ovorswitclit housewife, i.e.awhore ; aludicrous
word ' (Ray's Korth Country Words, 1674).
% 'Overscutched' means literally ' over-beaten';
'scutch ' and 'switch' were synonymous terms
= rod, whip.
oversee (' o'ersee ' does not occur)
1 to see, attend to Lucr. 1205.
2 =o'erlook 2 or 3, Lucr. 1206.
overshine :
1 to illumine 3H6 II. i. 38.
2 to outshine, excel Troil. in. i. 173, Tit. I. i. 317.
overshoot : to escape from Ven. 680.
overshot : wide of the mark, in error LLL. i. i. 141
So study evermore is o., H5 in. vii. 139. [1570.
overslip: to pass unnoticed by Gt nt. ii.ii. 9, Lucr.
oversway :=o'ersway 2, Ven. 109.
overswear : to swear over again Tw.N. v. i. 279.
overtake : Cor. i. ix. 19 Halh overta'en my act, liath
done an act equal to my own.
overthrow : liave the o., be defeated 1H6 in. ii.
106 ; give the overthrow, defeat Ca-s. v. ii. 5.
overtopping: app. outstripping Tp. i. ii. 81.
overture : disclosure Wint. n. i. 171, Lr. ni. vii.
89 made the o. of thy treasons to us. ^ Occurs
also in tlie sense 'proposal '. In Cor. i. ix. 46"^
not satisfactorilyexplained(Steevens("oif)-/«)Tt).
overview i imt pre-S.) : inspection LLL. iv. iii. 175.
overweather'dt (S.) : weather-beaten Mer.V. ii.
vi.l81V(7/( 0. ribs and ragged sails (Ff oufrwither'd).
overween: to be arrogant or presumptuous 2H4
IV. i. 149, Tit. n. i. 29 ; chiefly in overweening,
arrocant, presumptuous Tw.N. ii. v. 34, R3 v.
iii. 329. [brows.
overwhelming : overhanging Rom. v. i. 39 o.
overworn : stale Tw.N. in. i. 67 the word is o.
owd: northern dial, form of 'old' 0th. n. iii. 100
take thine owd cloak about thee {(^i; Qq23«M^'', Ff
awl'd), aline of an old song.
owe : to possess, own, have Tp. i. ii. 451 Tlion dost
here usurp The name tliou ow'st not, John iv. ii. 99
That blood which ow'd the breadth of all this isle,
OWN-
-FANDEBIiY
Mac. I. iii. 76 Say from whence You owe this strange
intelligence, 0th. i. i. 66 What a full fortune does
the thick-lips owe ... U The orig. meaning, and
almost as freq. in S. as the mod. meaning of ' be
indebted or under obligation '.
own vb. (rare use) : to have (a certain function)
Wint. IV. iii. [iv.] 143.
own adj.: Tp. v. i. 213 Whenno man was his own =
master of his senses.
oxhead: used with ref. to cuckoldry (cf. horn 1)
.Tclui II. i. 292.
oxlip : flowering herb uniting features of the cow-
slip and the primrose MND. ii. i. 250.
oyes: call of the public crier =-- hear (Fr. ' oyez ')
Wiv. V. V. 47, Troil. iv. v. 142,
pace sb.: plir. All's W. i v. v. 71 has no pace, is under
no restraint ; hold me pace, keep pace with me
1H4 III. i. 49.
pace vb. : to train (a horse) in its paces (e. g. to
amble) H8 v. iii. 22, Ant. ii. ii. 68 ; fig. Meas.
IV. iii. \il pace your wisdom In that good path tltat
I would wish it f/o, Per.iv. vi. 68 she's notpaced yet.
pack sb.: confederacy, conspiring gang Wiv. iv. ii.
126 a knot, a ging, a p.. Err. iv. iv. lOf, K3 in. iii.
4, Lr. V. iii. IS. '*\ Apparently a blending of pack
= bundle, used fig., and the Eliz. ;)fi(7i = plot, con-
spiracy, intrigue.
pack vb."' :
1 to load 1H4 II. i. 3 our horse not packed, 2H4 iv. v.
75 Our thif/hs packed with wax.
2 to take oneself off, depart Wiv. i. iii. 89, H8 i. iii.
33, Tim. V. i. 117 Hence! pack .' ; also be packing
1H6 iv. i. 46, Cym. iii. v. 80, send, set packing 1H4
II. iv. 331, Ham. in. iv. 211.
pack vb.2 (1 cf. PACK sb. and packing : 3 now asso-
ciated with the idea of packing up)
1 to conspire Tit. iv. ii. 157 Go pack with him.
2 pass, to be a confederate in a plot Err. v. i. 219
leere he not pack\l with her, Ado v. i. 312.
3 to shuffle (cards) so as to cheat ; fig. see card sb.l.
packhorse : fig. drudge R3 i. iii. 122, Lucr. 928.
packin°f : plotting Shr. v. i. 121, Lr. in. i. 26.
pactiont (Tlieobald) : compact H5 v. ii. 393 (Ff i 2
pntion, Ff 3 ^ passion, not in Q).
paddle: to play fondly with the fingers Ham. in.
iv. 185, 0th. It. i. 261 ; trans, to finger fondly
Wint. I. ii. 116.
paddock : toad Ham. in. iv. 190 ; (?) ' familiar spirit
in the shape of a toad' (Schmidt) Mac. i. i. 9
I'luhlock calls. — Anon.
pag"e : to attend, follow Tim. iv. iii. 225 p. thy heels.
pag°eant sb. (orig. = scene or act in a mediaeval
mystery play)
1 theatrical representation ; hence, show, spec-
tacle, sight Tp. IV. i. 155 this insuhstantial p.,
Gent. IV. iv. 166 ^^'h(n all our p-s of drlii/ht were
play'd, MND.lii. ii. 114 //(^/r/owrf;;. '( = the foolish
spectacle they present), H8 iv. 1. 11 shows, I'-s,
Troil. in. iii. 276 the p. ofAjax ; occas. false show
Otli. I. iii. 18 a pageant To keep «.« in false gaze.
2 device on a moving car exiiibited as a feature of
a public show ; only fig. applied to a ship Mer.V.
I. i. II ; to clouds Ant. iv. xii. [xiv.] 8.
pag'eant vl). : to mimic Troil. i. iii. 151.
pag'eantry : theatrical exliibition Per. v. ii. 6.
pain sb. (1 cliiefly in phr. on pain of, al.so in pain of
2II1) III. ii. 257 ; 2 tlie pi. in this sense is freq.;
for tlig pains Wiv. III. iv. 104 has not its mod.
ironical sense)
1 punishment, penalty Meas. 11. iv. 86 his offence
is so, as it appears Accountant to the law upon
that pain.
2 trouble, labour, effort to accomplish something
MND. V. i. 80, R3 iv. iv. 304, Lr. in. i. 53.
pain vb.: to put to trouble Meas. v. i. 3S7.
painful: laborious, toilsome (of actions, &c.)LLL.
II. i. 23 p. study, H5 iv. iii. Ill marching in the p.
field. Cor. iv. v. 74 the p. service ; (rarely of persons)
toiling Sonn. xxv. 9 The painful warrior.
painfully : laboriously LLL. i. i. 74, John n. i. 223.
paint : to flatter with specious words LLL. iv. i. 16
Xay, never paint iitc now.
painted: specious, feigned, unreal AYL. 11. i. 3
p. pomp, John. in. i. 105 ;;. peace. Tit. n. iii. 126
that p. hope. Ham. in. i. 53 my most painted word.
painting : paint Wint. v. iii. 83 I'ou'll . . . stain
your own [lip] "SVith oily p.. Cor. i. vi. 68 ; H8 i. i.
26 as a p. ( = as good as using cosmetics for height-
ening the colour).
pajock (F 1 Qq 2-6 paiock{e, Ff 2 3 4 pajock(e) : of un-
known meaning, app. intended as an obscure
substitute for 'ass' Ham. in. ii. 300. *[! Com-
monly taken to be a form of ' peacock ' ; perhaps
identical with ' patchocke ', Spenser's name foi
the degenerate English in Ireland.
palate vb. (not pre-S.)
1 to enjoy the taste of, relish Troil. iv. i. 59, Ant.
V. ii. 7 never palates more the dung {dng\).
2 to savour of Cor. in. i. 103 the great'st taste ( = the
taste of the majority) 3Iost palates theirs.
pale sb.' (3 see pale sb.-).
1 pi. palings, palisade H8 v. iv. 96.
2 fence, paling Err. 11. i. 100 But, too iinruhi deer,
he breaks the p., R2 in. iv. 40, Troil. 11. iii. 263, Ham.
1. iv. 28 (fig.) the pales and forts of reason.
3 fenced area, enclosure ; fig. Wint. iv. ii. [iii.] 4*
tlte red blood reigns in the winter's pale.
pale sb.2: paleness, pallor Ven. 589 a sudden pale . . .
Usurps her cheeks ; also probably in Wint. iv. ii.
[iii.] 4 (see pale sb.' 3). [iii. 161.
pale adj.: p. at j»me/i«(r< = pale-hearted Meas. iv.
pale vb.' : to enclose, encircle H5 v. Chor. 10, 3H6 1.
iv. 103 (cf. impale 2), Ant. 11. vii. 75, Cym. in. i. 19.
pale vb.2: to make pale, dim Ham. i. v. 90.
paled t: = PALLiD Compl. 198 paled pearls.
pale-hearted: cowardly Mac. iv. 1. 85 ;). fear.
palfrey : saddle-horse H5 in. vii. 29, 2H6 iv. ii. 78,
Tit. V. ii. 60, Ven. 384.
palisado : fence made of stakes 1H4 n. iii. 57.
pall vb.': to fail Ham. v. ii. 9 plots do pall.
pall vb.=: to cover as with a pall Mac. i. v. 52.
pall'd : weakened, impaired Ant. n. vii. 89 I'll never
follow tliy p. (Fi paiil'd) fortunes more.
pallet: mean ImiI 2114 in. i. 10 (Ff pallads, a com-
111011 liUli-lStli cent. form).
palliament: white gown of a candidate for tlie
Roman consulship Tit. l. i. 182. [;). pearls.
pallid (old edd. palid, -yd) : of pale hue Compl. 198
palm: used chiefly as an emblem of victory ; also
applied to a conspicuous person Tim. v. i. 14.
palmer : pilgrim (properly one from the Holy Land,
bearing a palm-leaf) Rom. i. v. 104.
palm-tree: willow AYL. in. ii. 187.
palmy: triumphant, flourishing Ham. i. i. 113,
palsy : as adj. =j5alsied Troil. i. iii. 174;). fumbling.
palter : to siiufne, play fast and loose, use trickery
Cor. III. i. 57, Cies. n. i. 126, Mac. v. vii. 4'.' [viii.
20] ;). with us in a double .sense. Ant. lir. ix. [xi.] 63
dodge And pidtcr in the shifts oflou-ness.
pamphlet: small composition in writing 1H6 in. i.
2, Lucr. Dcd. 1.
pander : to minister to the gratificationof Ham.iii,
iv. 88 .\»d rnisnii /laiidrrs irill.
panderly : bawdy AViv. iv. ii. 125 you p. rascals.
PANG-
pang' : to cause pangs H8 ii. iii. 15.
pannelled: (?) Ant. iv. x. 34 [xii. 21] (Ff) ; Hannier
s/Kuiiirdf.
pantaloon: enfeebled old man, old fool (S.) AYL.
II. vii. 158, Shr. ill. i. 37.
Pantheon: temple in Rome dedicated to all the
goils Tit. I. i. 242, 333.
pantler: servant who had charge of the pantry
Wint. IV. iii. [iv.] 50, 2H4 il. iv. 258, Cym. ii.
iii. 120.
paper sb.: note fastened on the back of a criminal
undergoing punishment, specifying his otl'ence
LLL. IV. iii. 48, 2H6 ii. iv. 31.
paper vb.: to set down on paper H8 i. i. 80 llusi
fdch him in heps (Campbell ihepapcrsf, Staunton
lie pimpcrsi). ^
paper-faced: liaving a face as pale or as thin as
paper 2114 v. iv. 12 ; cf. H5 li. ii. 74 Look ye, how
tin j] rlifoiije I Their checks are paper.
Paracelsus : Swiss physician, chemist, and
natural philosopher, whose true name was
PliilippusTheophrastvonHohenheim.in medical
jn-inciples opposed to Galen, All's VV. ii. iii. 12.
paradox: statement or tenet contrary to received
opinion Ham. lil. i. 116 this jeas sometime a p., hut
now the time gives it proof. H The orig. sense ; the
ordinary meaning of ' self-contradictory state-
ment ' is commoner in S.
parag'on (2 and 3 are only S.)
1 to compare Ant. i. v. 71 If thou with Cosnrp. wjain
Ny mati of men.
2 to surpass 0th. ii. i. 62 paragons description.
3 to set forth as a perfect model H8 ii. iv. 228.
parallel: adj. coinciding with a person's wish or
purpose 0th. ii. iii. 358 ; — sb. pi. parallel lines
Troil. I. iii. 168 as near as the extremest ends Ofp-s ;
transf. furrows, wrinkles Sonn. Ix. 10.
parallel vb. (1 and 3 not pre-S. ; 2 only S.)
1 to liring into 'line ' or conformity nilh Meas. iv.
ii. 82.
2 to present ns a par.iUel Mac. ii. iii. 68.
3 to equal All'sW. iv. iii. 283, Troil. ii. ii. 102.
Parca : goddess of Fate, H5 v. i. 21.
parcel sb. (1 cf. phr. ' part and parcel of. . .')
1 part, portion Wiv. i. i. 237 that the lips is p. of the
vionth. Err. v. i. lOG a branch and p. ofiiiy oath,
1H4 ir. iv. 115, H8 iii. ii. 126, Cor. i. ii. 32 Somep-s
of their power, 0th. i. iii. 154 hy parcels.
2 item, detail, particular All'sW. iv. iii. lOimainp-s
of dispatch, 2H4iv. ii. 36 The p-s and particulars of
otir grief .
3 small party, company, or .set LLL. v. ii. 100,
Mer.V. I. ii. 117 this p. ofwoers, All'sW. ii. iii. .58.
parcel vb.: (a) to make up into a mass, (b) to specify
Ant. V. ii. 102*.
parcell'd: assigned to each, particular R3 ii. ii. 81
Their woes are parcell'd, mine are general.
pard : panther or leopai'd Tp. iv. i. 204 more pinch-
spotted . . . Tlian pard, AYL. ir. vii. 150.
pardon sb.: leave, permission Ado ii. i. 350, LLL.
IV. ii. 104 Under ]i.. Ham, rv. vii. 40 first asking
your p. thereunto, Ant. iii. vi. 60 / begg'd His p.
for return.
pardon vb. (2 cf. pakdojj .sb.)
1 to remit (a penalty) Mer.V. iv. i. 370 I p. thee thy
life, Li'. IV. vi. 112 I pardon that man's life.
2 to excuse Gent. iii. ii. 98, Meas. in. ii. 146, Ado
11. i. 133.
pardon-me: one who is always excusing himself
Rom. II. iv. 36 (Qq^s pnrdoiia' mecs, Theobald
pardonnez-moy'sf).
parel : apparel, attire Lr. iv. i. 49.
Paris ball : tennis ball H5 ii. iv. 131.
Paris-gardenf, old edd. Parish- g'arden : a
157 - PARTED
place at Bankside, Southwark, where a bear-gar-
den was kept in Elizabethan times H8 v. iv. 2.
parish-top : whipping-top kept for the exercise of
parishioners Tw. N. i. iii. 45.
Paris-ward: unto P., towards Paris 1116 in. iii. 30.
paritor : apparitor or summoning officer of an ec-
clesi.istical court LLL. iii. i. 1"J6 [188] (Qi Ffijn
I'arrcfors, Q2 Parritors, Vi Parators).
park'd : enclosed 1H6 iv. ii. 45.
parkward: the p. (S.), toward the park Wiv. iii. 1.5.
parle : freq. in the same sense as parley, wliich is
also common ; e.g. 3H0 v. i. 16.
parlous [contracted from ' perilous ']
1 perilous, dangerous AYL. in. ii. 46 in a p. state.
2 dangerously cunning, shrewd K3 11. iv. 35 A p. hoy,
in. i. 164 (F4 parlous, Qq7 8 perlons, others
pcril{l)ous).
3 alarming, dreadful, shocking MND. in. i. 14 a p.
fear, Rom. i. iii. 54 A parlous knock.
parmaceti : 16th cent, corruption of ' spermaceti '
surviving dialectally 1H4 i. iii. 58.
part sb. (6 on the part 0/ occurs also in mod. sense)
1 the better p., the greater part Mer.V. i. i. 10, AYL.
in. i. 2, 2H4 1. ii. 180 ; a little p., a little Tim. in.
ii. 53 ; no part, not at all All'sW. n. i. 135.
2 member of the body or of the whole man (freq.) ;
with qualifying adj. applied to the soul 2H4 11. ii.
114 the immortal p., H8 iv. ii. 30 His blessed p.,
Sonn. Ixxiv. 8 3Iy spirit is thine, the better p. of nte,
cli. 6 My nobler part.
3 personal quality or attribute Ado v. ii. 62 my bad
parts, &c., Wint. v. i. 64 for what (hill part in'i
i'oit chose her. Ham. v. ii. 116 ; usu. pi. =abilities,
capacities, talents (freq.).
4 piece of conduct, act, action Tw.N. v. i. 373 some
stubborn and uncourteous p-s, Wint. l. ii. 400, 2H4
IV. V. 62, Ham. in. ii. Ill It was a hrtite part of
him, 0th. I. ii. 31, i. iii. 255 his valiant parts.
5 side in a contest, party, faction John n. i. 359
let confusion of one p. confirm The other's peace, v.
vi. 2 df the p. of England ( = on the side of), H5
IV. vii. 123 the numbers dead On both our p-s,
3H6 n. v. 66, Rom. i. i. 120 fought on p. and p.,
Cym. V. i. 25.
0 on or upon the part of, on behalf of Err. in. i. 91,
Cor. in. i. 209, Sonn. xlix. 12 ; so in one's p. Otli.
I. iii. 74 What in your own p. can you say to this?.
7 pi. (?) divisions of a heraldic shield in which
charges are borne Sonn. xxxvii. 7*.
part vb. (the freq. S. senses 'divide into parts ' and
' share with others, take a share of are now rare ;
3 is common)
1 ;). from = ' part with ', give up Mer.V. iii. ii. 173
Wliich when yoii part from, lose, or yiie away.
2 /). with = ' part from ', go away from, leave EiT. v.
i. 221, AYL. in. ii. 2.36 How parted lie with thee?.
3 to depart, go away Gent. i. i. 71 But now he p-ed
h< lire, 2H4 iv. ii. 70 let them han pay and p.. Tit. I.
i. 4SS / noiihl not part a bachihir frniii the priest.
4 to depart this life H5 11. iii. 12 a' p-id . . . between
twelve and one, 1H6 11. v. 115, R3 11. i. 5, Mac. v.
vii. 81 [viii. 52] he parted well.
5 to depart from, leave R2 in. i. 3 Since presently
your souls must part your bodies. Per. v. iii. 38.
partake (3 is peculiar to S.)
1 to take some of Wint. it. i. 40 onemay drink, depart.
And yet partake no venom.
2 to impart, communicate Wint. v. iii. 132 yo^tr
exultation Partake to every one, Per. I. i. 152.
3 to take part with Sonn. cxlix. 2.
partaker: supporter, adherent IHC 11. iv. 100.
parted :
1 divided MND. rv. i. 195.
2 departed 2H6 in. ii. 161 a timely-parted ghost.
PARTIAL -
158
PASSIONATE
3 endowed, gifted Troil. iii. iii. 96.
partial : Meas. ii. i. 31 noihiny . . . p., no partiality ;
R'2i.iii. 241, 4 ^(..v^rtHA)-, an imputation of partiality.
partialize : to render partial K2 i. i. 120.
partially: witli undue favour 0th. ii. iii. 220,
Lucr. 034.
participate pple. : participating Cor. i. i. 108.
participate vlj. : to share in couimou witli others
Tw.N. V. i. 248*.
particular sb.:
1 detail All'sW. iv. iii. 207 let me answer to the p. of
the inler' gator ies, 1H4 ll. iv. 419, 2H4 iv. iv. 90
With every course in his p., Cor. li. iii. 48* hi/ p-s
( = one by one, in detail), Ham. ii. ii. 248 question
wore in particular.
2 personal interest orconcern AlFsW. ii. v. C7, Tim.
IV. iii. 100 his p. to foresee, Ant. i. iii. 54 My more
p. . . . Is Fulria's death ; phr. Troil. II. ii. \) As far
astouchefli my p., Cor. IV. vii. 13 for your p. (=as
far as you are concerned), Lr. ii. iv. 295 For his p.,
Ant. IV. ix. 20 in thine oim particular.
.3 close relation, intimacy H8 iii. ii. Vdi) in love's p.,
Cor. V. \. Z In a most dear particular.
particular adj.: private, personal Meas. iv. iv. 30
iiri p. andiilal, 2H4 IV. iii. 52, H5 III. ii. 88 my p.
t-iioirli,!,/,', 118 II. iii. 101, Cor. rv. v. 92, Lr. v. i. 30
thisi ihinnstic and purtic alar broils.
particularities: individual affairs or matters H5
111. ii. 145, 2110 v. ii. 44.
particularly : individually Cor. iv. v. 72 To thee p.,
Tim. I. i. 47 my free drift Halts not p. { = a,i any
individual person).
partisan, -zan : weapon used by infantiy in the
10tli-17th cent., consisting of a long-handled
spear and a blade having one or more lateral
cutting projections Kom. i. i. 80, Ham. i. i. 140.
Fartlet: name used as the proper name of a hen
Wint. ir. iii. 75, 1H4 in. iii. 60.
partner (2cf. 'partnerwith a thief, Prov. xxix.24)
1 fellow-sponsor H8 v. iii. 107, v. v. 6.
2 accomplice Meas. li. iii. 37. [boys.
partner'd : associated Cym. i. vi. 121 p. With tom-
party (1 cf. part sb. 5)
1 side in a contest, (a particular) cause or interest
John I. i. 34 I'lioii the riijlit and p. of her son, &c.,
R2 III. ii. 203, IHO ii. iv. 32 dare maintain the p. of
the truth, R3 iv. iv. 527 they came . . . Upon liisp.,
Lr.ii. i.28haveyou nothing said Upon hisparty.. . ?.
2 faction Cor. lir. i. 313 Lest parties . . . break out.
3 partner, ally Wint. ii. iii. 21, 1H4 in. i. 11, Cor.
V. V. [vi.] 14 the same intent nherein You loish'd ns
parties, Lr. in. v. 13 an intelligent p. to the advan-
tages of France.
party-verdict: one person's share in a joint ver-
dict R2 i. iii. 231.
pash sb. (not pre-S.): head AVint. i. ii. 129. ^ Xow
chiefly a Scottish word, but surviving in Cheshire
in the sense of 'brains'.
pashvl).: to strike violently, smash Troil. ii. iii.
217 III pash him o'er the face (Q push), v. v. 10 the
pashed corses of the kings. % Only in tliis play;
common in "Warwickshire in this sense.
pass sb. (8 only S. and in echoes)
1 passage H5 n. Chor. 39 To give you gentle p.. Ham.
II. ii. 77 to give quiet pass.
2 (?) demeanour, course of action Meas. v. i. 371.
3 reputation, estimation All'sW. n. v. 59 a worthy p.
4 KS\\^,en<lQonn.(i\n.\\tono other p.my rerses tend.
5 critical position, juncture, predicament Err. in.
i. 17, Shr. V. ii. 125, Lr. in. iv. 63.
6 permission to act Meas. I. iii. 38.
7 lunge or thrust in fencing Ham. v. ii. 61 ; bout of
fencing Tw.N. ni. iv. 305.
8 pass of pate, sally of wit Tp. iv, i. 240.
pass vb. (13 common 16th-17th cent.)
1 to die, ' pass away' 2H6 in. iii. 25 let him p.
peaceably, Lr. iv. vi. 48, v. iii. 315.
2 to go through, experience, suffer Troil. ii. ii. 139
alone to p. the difficulties, 0th. i. iii. 131, 107 the
dangers I had pass'd. Per. ii. Gower 0.
3 to go beyond, exceed Wiv.i.i. 185 p-'d the careires,
LLL. IV. iii. 241 She p-es praise. Ham. i. ii. 85
that within which p-eth show, iv. vii. 88 (Qq topt).
4 intr. to go beyond all bounds, beggar description,
beat evei-y thing Wiv. i. i. 313, iv. ii. 131, Troil. i.
ii. 180 all the rest so laughed, that it p-ed, 'rim.i.i.12.
5 to neglect, disregard Meas. iv. vi. 12, John ii. i.
2r>8 fondly pass our . . . offer. Cor. ii. ii. 144, iii. 207.
0 to transfer, hand over Shr. iv. iv. 45 pass my
daughter a sufficient dower.
7 to transact Shr. iv. iv. 57 pass the business privately
and ivdl.
8 (?) to enact, perform LLL. v. i. 139.
9 = ' pass sentence ', give judgement Meas. n. i. 19,
23, Lr. in. vii. 2-^ pass upon his life.
10 to receive the approval of Cor. in. i. 28 Hath he
not pass'd the noble and the common 1.
11 to pledge (one's word, &c.) LLL. i. i. 19 Your oaths
are p-'d, All'sW. in. vii. 36, Tw.N. i. v. 85, R2 v.
iii. 51 thy promise p-'d. Tit. I. i. 408.
12 to make a thrust Ham. v. ii. 312 ; fig. to make a
witty sally Lr. in. vii. 24 ; trans, to make (a jsass)
Wiv. n. iii. 26 p. thy punfo, thy stock, thy reverse.
13 to care 2H6 iv. ii. liO As for these silktn-coatid
slaves, I pass not.
14 pass upon, impose upon Tw.N. v. i. 364.
passable :
1 current (like coin) Cor. v. ii. 13 the virtue of your
name Is not here passable.
2 affording passage Cym. I. ii. 10.
passado : forward thrust with tlie sword, one foot
being advanced at the same time LLL. i. ii. 188,
Rom. II. iv. 27, m. i. 90.
passag'e : [0th. v. i. 37.
1 passing of people, people passing by Err. in. i. 99,
2 death Ham. in. iii. 86, v. ii. 412.
3 procedure, course Wint. iii. ii. 91, Troil. ii. iii.
141, Rom. I. Chor. 9.
4 occurrence, incident All'sW. I. i. 21 h mo sad a p.
'tis!. Ham. IV. vii. 112, Cym. in. iv. 94.
5 act, proceeding Tw.N. in. ii. 80 such impossible p-s
of (/rossness, 1H4 in. ii. 8 thy p-s of life ( = tlie
actions of thy life), H5 in. vi. 100, H8 n. iv. 103.
passant (heraldic term) : walking Wiv. i. i. 20.
passing': adj. surpassing, extreme Gent. i. ii. 17 n
p. shame, II. i. 83, 3H0 v. i. 106 0 p. traitor ; — adv.
pre-eminently, exceedingly (freq.)
passion sb. (applied widely to all kinds of feeling
by which the mind is powerfully moved, c. g.
mirth John in. iii. 47, H5ii. ii. 132 ; 2 isa special
application ; cf. the vb.)
1 painful affection or disorder of the body Err. v. i.
47, 1H4 III. i. 35, Mac. in. iv. 57.
2 sorrowful emotion LLL. v. ii. 118 p-s solemn
tears. Tit. I. i. 106 A mother's tears in p. for her
son,Yen. 832 Passion'on passion decplij is redoubled.
3 pi. feelings or desires of love Tit. ii. i. 36 my sword
. . . shall . . . plead my p-s for Lavinia's lore, Lucr.
Arg. 13 smothering his passions for the present.
4 passionate speecli or outburst MND. v. i. 323 her
passion ends the play.
passion vb. : sorrow, grieve Tp. v. i. 24, Gent. iv.
iv. 174, LLL. I. i. 201, Yen. 1059.
passionate adj. (1 cf. passion sb. 2, and vb.)
1 grieved, sorrowful Gent. i. ii. 121, LLL. in. i. 1,
John II. i. 544 She is sad and passionate.
2 compassionate R3 1. iv. 121 this p. humour of mine
(Qq my holy humour).
PASSIONATE
159
■ PEI.F
passionate vb.: to express with passion Tit. III. ii.t).
passy-measures ]MniH [Ital. 'passamezzo pa-
vana '] ; the pavan, a grave antl stately ilance,
vrlien played less solemnly and more quickly was
called a passamezzo Tw.N. v. i. 208%
past-proportion : that which is beyond measure
Troil.ii. ii. 29 Tliep. o/liis i )ijiiiite{ = iheimmea.sur-
ableness of his infinite greatness).
pastry : place where pastrjr is made Rom. rv. iv. 2.
patch : fool, dolt Tp. in. li. 73, Eit. hi. i. 32, 36,
LLL. IV. ii. 32 a p. set on learning, MND. in. ii. 9
A crew o/p-es, rude meclmnicals, Mer. V. ll. v. 46,
Mac. V. iii. 15.
patched fool -. app. motley fool MXD. rv. i. 216 ; cf.
AYL. ii. vii. 13 and Tp. iii. ii.73. [v. i. 101.
patchery: roguery, knavery Troil. ii. iii. 78, Tim.
path: intr. togaabont (S.)C£es. ii. i. 8:i if tlioii p.,
thy luitire semUance on (conj. putf, liailst'f thy
nntiie semblance on).
pathetical ;
1 moving, affecting LLL. i. ii.104: Sweet mrocntion
of a child; most pretty and p., IV. i. \blatnost p.nit.
2 (?) pitiable, 'miserable' AYL. r\'. i. 202* the inost p.
break-promise.
patience : indulgence, leave, permission Ham. m.
ii. 114: they stay npon yoiir p.; chiefly in phr. by
your p., e.g. Tp. in. iii. 3 ; also mth your p. lH(i
II. iii. 78; itnder your patience Tit. ii. iii. 66.
patient yourself : be patient Tit. i. i. 121. [32.
patronag'e : to uphold, defend 1H6 in. i. 48, in. iv.
patten: thin i)late (of metal) Mer.V.v. i.59/oo*, how
the Jloor of heaven Is thickinlaitl in'th p-sof bright (/old
(Qq234 Fi pattens, Q , patients, later Ft patterns).
pattern sb. (1 16th-17th cent., not pre-S.)
1 precedent, instance appealed to John in. iv. 16
find some pattern of our shame, Tit. v. iii. 44.
2 ' something made after a model, an example, an
instance' (Schmidt) H5 ii. iv. 61, 1H6 v. v. 65,
Lucr. 1350.
pattern vb. (1 cf. prec. sb.)
1 to be a pattern for, provide a precedent for Mcas.
II. i. 30, Tit. IV. 1. 57, Lucr. 629.
2 to match Wint. in. ii. 37.
Paul's (old edd. usu. Poit'es, Ponies): St. Paul's
Cathedral, which in the 16th-17th cent, was nuich
frequented for business and pleasure 1H4 n. iv.
583 [576] This oily rascal is knonn as leell as P.,
2H4 I. ii. 57 / houfiht him in Paul's, H8 v. iv. 17
We may as mil push against Paul's as stir 'em,
pannch: to stab in the belly Tp. in. ii. 101.
pause sb.: hesitation, suspense Mer. V. n. ix. .53,
Troil IV. iv. 35, Ham. iv. iii. 9 ; e/ire (one) pause,
cause one to hesitate, ' pull up ' Ham. ni. i. 68 ;
in pause, hesitating Ham. in. iii. 42 I stand in p.
uhere I shall first hee/in.
pause vb.: refl. to delay action 2H4 iv. iv. 9.
pauser (S.) : hcsitater Mac. ii. iii. 118.
pavement : the meirble p., the sky Cym. v. iv. 120.
pavilion'd : tented, encamped H5 i. ii. 129 tie
pnrilion'd in the fields of France.
pawn sb. (1, 2 only S.; in 2 there may be a ref. to
the pawn in chess) [v. i. 55.
1 gage of battle R2 1, i. 74 to take up minehonovr sp.,
2 stake Lr. x. i. 157 « ;). To iraf/e against thineenemies.
pawn vb. (2 and 3 ajip. peculiar to S.)
1 to stake, wager, risk Mer.V. in. v. 88, Wint. n.
iii. 165, Lucr. 156.
2 to part with (something valuable) R3 iv. iv. 371
p-d his knightly rirtiie. Ant. i. iv. 32 boys, who
. . . Pawn their experience to their present pleasure.
3 ' to secure by a pledge ' (Schmidt) Troil. i. iii. 301
(Q prove).
pax: tablet with a projecting handle behind, bear-
ing a representation of the Crucifixion or other
sacred subject:, which was kissed by the priest
and then by the people at mass H5 in. vi. 42 he
hath stol'n a pax,
peace sb. :
1 the p., the king's peace, the general peace and
order of the realm as provided tor by law A\'iv. il.
iii. 47, / am of the p. ( = an officer of the public
peace), 55 sworn of the peace ( = made a justice of
the peace), 2H4 in. ii. 100.
2 keep p. between (freq.) keep apart Mac. I. v. 47 keep
p. between The effect and it ; — take p. witlt (S.), make
peace with H8 u. i. 85.
peace vb.: to be silent R2 v. ii. 80 Peace, foolish
woman. — / will not p., Lr. iv. vi. 105 tchen the
thunder icould not peace at my bidding.
peace-parted : departed this life in peace Ham. v.
i. 260 peace-parted souls.
peach ;
1 to denounce (one) as being (something) Meas. iv.
iii. 12 peaches him a beggar.
2 to inform, turn king's evidence 1H4 n. ii. 50,
peak (3 survives in midland dial.)
1 to mope about Ham. ii. ii. 602 [594].
2 to sneak Wiv. in. v. 73 peaking coinufo,
3 to waste away Mac. i. iii. 2'6diinidle, p., and pine.
peasant : low fellow, rascal (freq.) Wiv. n. ii. 299 ;
attrib. =base Ham. ii. ii. 584 [576].
peasantry: low birth, baseness Mer.V. ii. ix. 46.
peascod time : season for peas 2H4 n. iv. 420 [413].
'jl In old edd. also pcseoei, showing the shortened
vowel, a pronunciationwhichhas survived locally
in the northern and east-Anglian area.
peat : pet, darling Shr. i. i. 78 ,4 pretty pent. ^J Com-
mon from about 1570 to 1640.
peck : to pitch, fling H8 v. iv. ^C^ get up o' the rail :
I'll p. yon o'er the pales else (Fipeck(e,ra(n{.v({i\. pi ck\),
peculiar (the general sense is ' appropriated to an
individual', 'own particular', 'private'): the
sinqle and p, life, the private individual Ham. in.
iii.ll.
pedant (not pre-S.) : schoolmaster, tutor LLL. in.
i. 187 [179], &c., Shr. in. i. 4, &c., Tw.N. in. ii. 83.
pedantical: schoolmasterly LLL. v. ii. 409.
peel'd : tonsured 1H6 i. iii. 30 P. priest (Ff Piel'd).
^ See also pill.
peep : early form of pip Shr. i. ii. 33 (F{pecp{e).
peer (1 not pre-S.; 2 only S.)
1 to come in sight, be seen, appearWint.n'. iii. [iv.]
3 Flora P-ing in April's front, H5 iv. vii. 89 a many
of your horsemen p.. Yen. 86 Like a diie-dapper
peering through a ware.
2 to show a little Lucr. 472 Who o'er the white sheet
peers lier trhiter chin.
peevish (the mod. sense occurs)
1 silly, senseless Wiv. i. iv. 14, AYL. in. v. 110 'Tis
but a p. boy, 1H6 v. iii. 185 To send such p. tokens
to a king, C£es. V. i. 61 A peevish schoolboy.
2 perverse, refractory, obstinate Gent. v. ii. 49 a p.
(/irl. That fies her forttnie irhen it follows her, John
II. i. 402, 1H4 ni. i. 197 a p. self-will'd harlotry,
Ham. I. ii. 100, Cym. l. vi. 54 He^s strange and p.
peevish-fondt (Malone) : obstinately foolish R3 iv.
iv. 418 (Qi j)ieiiish,fond ; Qq3-4 peeuish fond ; Ff
peeiiish found).
peise, peize :
1 to keep in equilibrium, poise John n. i. 576 The
ii'orld, who of itself is peised well.
2 to weigh down R3 v. iii. 106.
3 p. the time* Mer.V. in. ii. 22, fa) ' weigh with de-
liberation each precious moment ' (Clark and
Wright), (b) ' weight the time that it may pass
slowly' (Steevens).
pelf: property, possessions Tim. i. ii. 64 Immortal
gods, I crave no pelf, Per. ii. Gower 35.
PSIiICAN
ICO
- PERNICIOUS
pelican : used with reference to the fable that tlie
pelican revives or feeds lier young with her own
blood R2 II. i. 126, Ham. iv. v. 145 the kind life-
riH(hi-in(j p. ; hence attrib. = feeding on their
parent's blood Lr. iil. iv. 74 Those p. ihtunhter^.
Pelion : mountain in Thessaly, famous as that
which the giants, in their war upon tlie gods,
piled witli Ossa on Olympus Wiv. ii. i. 82, Ham.
V. i. 275.
pellet : to form into small globules Compl. 18 the
lirhic That season d woe had pelleted in tents.
pelleted : falling in pellets Ant. iii. xi. [xiii.] 165.
pelt : to throw out angry words Lucr. 1418.
pelting: paltry, petty Meas. ii. ii. 112, MXD. ii. i.
Vil ( II nj p. river iFUpelf/j), R2 il. i. QOp.farm, Troil.
IV. v. 260, Lr. II. iii. 18.
pencill'd : painted Tim. i. i. 160, Lucr. 1497.
pendant : hanging unsupported in space Meas. iii.
i. 124 round about The p. world. ^ An Eliz. sense.
pendulous: hanging overhead Lr. in. iv. 66 the
pnuhtlons (dr. [14.
penetrate : intr. to touch the heart (S.) Cym. ir. iii.
penetrative: that sounds thedepthsof the feelings
Ant. IV. xii. [xiv.] 15 penctratiie shame.
pennon: flag, banner H5 iii. v. 49.
pensioners: body of gentlemen instituted by
Henry VIII to be a bodyguard to the sovereign
within the royal palace Wiv. ii. ii. 81 ; transf.
MN'D. II. i. 10 / serve the fairy queen . . . The cow-
slips tall Inr ptiisiotters be.
pensiv'd (S.) : saddened Compl. 219.
pent-house lid : eyelid Mac. i. iii. 20.
peoniedt : see pioned.
Pepin : founder of the Carlovingian dynasty of
French kings ; used, like Clothair, as a type of
anti-iuity LLL. IV. i. 123, AU'sW. ii. i. 79, H8 I.
iii. 10.
pepper : to give it (a person) hot ; (hence) to punish
decisively, make an end of, do for 1H4 ii. iv. 216,
V. iii. 37, Rom. in. i. 104.
pepper gingferbread : hot-spiced gingerbread
1H4 in. i. 259.
perceive (obsolete uses)
1 to see through H8 in. ii. 38 The king in thisp-shim,
Troil. I. i. 38 Lest Hector or my father should p. mc,
IV. V. 87 0! I perceive you. [from her.
2 to receive Gent. i. i. 144 couhht thoti, p. so much
perch : measure of land Per. in. Gower 15.
perchance: by chance, by accident Tw.N. i. ii. 5
If is percliance that you yourself were sat'd.
perdie, -y : 'by God ! ', certainly, indeed T\v. N. iv.
ii. 82, H5 n. i. 52, Ham. in. ii. 310.
perdition (2 only S., affected or rhetorical)
1 utter destruction 0th. n. ii. 3.
2 loss, diminution Tp. i. ii. 30 not so much p. as an
liair, H5 in. vi. 106 Tlie p. of tli' ntlnersary hath
been very f/reat. Ham. v. li. 118.
perdu: soldier placed in a position of special dan-
ger Lr. IV. vii. 35 (o watch — poor perdu ! — \\ith this
thin hihii.
perdurable : lasting H5 iv. v. 7 0 p. shame ; ; so
perdxirably Meas. in. i. Wiperdnrablyjind.
peregrinate pedantic) : having the air of one who
has travtllfd abroad LLL. v. i. 15.
peremptory :
1 (onihisive, final H5v. ii. 82 our , . .p. answer.
2 resolved, determined John n. i. 45inot Death him-
silf . . . half so p. As weto keep this city. Cor. in. i.
284 ire are p. to dispatch This viperous traitor.
3 overbearing LLL. iv. iii. 226 p. caijle-siyhted eye,
Hit I. iii. 17, 2H6 III. i. 8.
perfect adj. (7 is peculiar to S.; the senses ' entire,
l>iiie ' and ' mere, sheer' are not pre-S.)
I full, mature Lr. I. ii. 79 sons at perfect aye.
2 fully prepared Meas. v. i. 82, 0th. i. ii. 31.
3 thoroughly learnt Ven. 408 the lesson . . . once
made perfect, never [is] lost again.
4 sound, sane Eit. v. i. 42 not in his p. wits, Lr. iv.
vii. 03 not in my perfect mind.
5 correct John v. vi. 6 Thou hast a p. thought, 2H4
III. i. 88 a perfect guess, Mac. in. i. 130^.
6 completely assured, certain Wint. in. iii. 1, Cym.
in. i. 73, IV. ii. 118 ; (of statement) accurate, reli-
able Mac. I. V. 2 the perfectest report.
7 satisfied, contented Tim. i. ii. 91, Mac. in. iv. 21
Then comes my Jit again : I had else been perfect.
perfect vb. (2 app. peculiar toS.)
1 to carry through, accomplish All'sW. iv. iv. 4,
H5 I. i. 69 tlie means How tilings are perfected.
2 to instruct or inform completely Tp. i. ii. 79 Be-
ing once p-ed how to grant suits, Meas. iv. iii. 150,
Per. in. li. 67.
perfection : accomplishment, performance, ese-
cutiun Troil. in. ii. 92 voicing more than the p. of
ti II and discharging less than the tenth part of one.
perfectness: fulness (of time) 2H4 iv. iv. 74.
perfit : one of the oldest fomis of 'perfect ', found
in Qq of MXD. i. ii. 99, Lr. i. ii. 79, and in Ff of
H5 III. vi. 75, R3 in. vii. 89 ; so perfitly H5 in.
vi. 81 (Ff).
perforce: by violence or constraint, forcibly Err.
IV. iii. 95 He . . . took p. My ring away, R2 ii. iii.
121 linck'd from my arms p., Lr. i. iv. 322 these
hot liars, which break from me perforce.
perform : intr. to do one's part H8 i. i. 35 ihey did
p. Ikgond thiiui/ht's compass, Cor. I. i. 273 though
he perform To the utmost of a man.
performer: doer, agent All'sW. in. vi. 64, Tit.iv.
i. SO, Cym. v. iii. .30.
perfume (/)(')•/(()»< 7 times, perfu'me^):diseiis'd p-s,
'perfumed liiistresses' (Schmidt) Tim. iv. iii. 208.
perfumer : one employed to perfume rooms Ado
I. iii. 60.
periapt : amulet 1H6 v. iii. 2 spells and periapts.
peril : in p. of, (i) exposed to danger in regard to
Mer.V. n. ii. 180 [173] to he in p. of my life ; (ii) at
the risk of, under the penalty of Cor. in. iil. 100;
in p. to, at the risk of (doing something) Shr. Ind.
ii. 124 ; without the p. of, beyond the dangerous
reach of MND. iv. i. 159. | iii. 54.
perilous : = PARLOUS 2 and 3, E3 in. i. 154, Rom. i.
period sb. (' extent of time ' is not a S. sense)
1 termination, conclusion 2H4 iv. v. 229, 1H6 iv. ii.
n The p. of thy tyranny approacheth, R'-i i. iii. 2;58,
Otli. V. ii. 356 0 bloody period .'.
2 highest point, acme Ant. iv. xii. [xiv.] 107 lime is
at his period.
3 end, goal Wiv. in. iii. 47 this is the p. of my
ambition, iv. ii. 240, H8 I. ii. 209 There's his p.;
To sheathe his knife in ns.
4 pause such as is properly made at the end of a
sentence Gent. ii. i. 127, MND. v. i. 96 Make p-s
in the midst of sentences, Lucr. 665 She puts the p.
often from his place.
period vb.: to bring to an end Tim. I. i. 100.
perish : to destroy 2HG in. ii. 100.
periwig-pated : wearing a wig Ham. in. ii. 10.
perjure sli.: one guilty of perjury LLI^. iv. iii. 48
like a pirjure, wearing papers (of. pekjuk'u).
perjure vb.: to make perjured, corrupt Ant. in. x.
[xii.l '^0 perjure The ne'er-iouch'd vestal.
perjur'd note : paper attached to a perjurer
amuiuncing his guilt LLL. r\'. iii. 125.
perk'd up : trimmed out H8 ii. iii. 21.
pernicious : wicked, villainous Meas. n. iv. 151
)i(()s/ /). purpose, R2 i. iii. 82 thy adverse p. enemy,
Hani. I. V. 105 0 most p. tcoman .', Lr. in. ii. 22 two
pern icious daughters.
pz:Biriczous]:.Y
161
PIGEON-EGG
perniciously : ' so as to desire liis death ' ( Wriglit)
lis II. 1. 5U all the commons Hate him p.
peroration: ilietoncal discourse 2H(j i. i. 106.
perpend: to consider Wiv. ii. i. 117, Tw.N. v. i.
310 /).... and (jive ear, H5 IV. iv. 8 /'. tnij irords.
persecute (once) : All's W.i.i. IGjmI time ii'ilh hope,
(?) toi'hucd his present life in hope of future cure.
perse'ver : tlie only stressing evidenced in S., but
the form pir^iivtre occurs in Lr. ill, v. 23 (Qq F4);
so perse'verance. [deeds.
persisted := persisted in Ant. v. i. 30 Our most p.
person (the same word as tliat now written ' par-
son ', which appears as person in old edd. of LLL.
IV. ii. 85, Kom. i. iv. 81)
1 bodily figure, personal appearance MND. iv. ii. 12
he hath . . . the best p. too, Hani. I. ii. 243 // it
assume mij nobte father's p., Ant. 11. ii. 205 For litr
own person. It bcijijar'd all description.
2 personal presence Mac. iii. iv. 128.
personage : personal appearance, figure MND. 111.
ii. 21)2 /(()• tallpersonaijc, Tw.N. I. v. 165.
personal : bodily, physical 2H4: iv. iv. 8 a little p.
slriiKjIh', Ctes. I. iii. 77 In personal action*.
personate: to rei)resent, typify Tw.N. 11. iii. 170,
Cym. V. v. 455 The lofty cidars ,., I'crsonatc thcc.
pe'rspective (nou-literaliu all exx.)
1 optical device for producing fantastic images
All'sW. V. iii. 48, Sonn. xxiv. 4.
2 picture or figure constructed so as to appear dis-
torted except from one particular point of view
Tw.N. V. i. 227 A natural p., iliat is, and is iiot,
K2ii. ii. IS Like p-s, ivhichrujhtlij ijaz'd ^tponShoic
nolhiny but confusion, ey'd uicrij Distinguish form.
perspectively : as through a perspective (sense 1)
115 V. ii. 347 you, see them perspectively.
persuade :
1 to urge (a person), plead with, advise strongly
Wiv. I. i. 1, K3 I. iv. 151 persuading me not to lull
the duke, Lr. 11. iv. 219 ; p. from, dissuade from
AYL. I. ii. 222, 2H6 v. iii. 10.
2 to urge (something upon a person) 3H6iii. iii. 170
to p. me patience, Hani. iv. v. 107 lladst thou thy
ivits, and didst persuade riveni/e.
3 to use persuasion Meas. v. i. 94 Now I p-d, how I
prayd, Mer. V. in. ii. 282 [they] have all p-d with him.
persuading': persuasive H8 iv. ii. 52.
persuasion (1 not pre-S.)
1 persuasiveness Tw.N. iir. iv. 385.
2 belief, opinion Meas. iv. i. 49, MND. l. i. 156 A good
persuasion, Cym. l. iv. 130 too bold a persuasion.
pert : lively, brisk LLL. v. ii. 273, MND. i. i. 13.
pertain : pertain to life, live Wiiit. v. iii. 113.
pertaunt-like (of unknown meaning): LLL. v. ii. 07
.So p. would I o'crsway his state (Qi pcrttaunt like ;
many conj.).
pertly : briskly, promptly Tp. iv. i. 58.
perturbation: cause of agitation 2H4 iv. v. 22 0
polisli'd perturbation ! yolden cure.'.
perusal (twice ; not pre-S.)
1 scrutiny Ham. 11. i. 90 such perusal of my face.
2 rea ling over Sonn. xxxviii. 0.
peruse (2 the trans, use is freq.)
1 to survey, inspect Err. i. ii. 13, H8 11. iii. 75 I hare
p-'d her will, Kom. v. iii. 74 Let me p. this fact, Cym.
I. iv. 7 to peruse him by items.
2 peruse over, read over John v. ii. 5.
pervert: to turn, divert (S.) Cym. 11. iv. 151.
pester: to infest Cor. iv. vi. 7 peslcriwi streets.
petar : small engine of war used to blow in a door
or to make a breadi Hani. 111. iv. 207 to have the
enf/iner Hoist with his own jietar.
petition: clause of a prayer Meas. i. ii. 16.
petitionary : suppliant, intreating AYL. in. ii. 200
most petitionary uhemence, Cor. v, ii. 82.
petitioner : plaintitt" in an action commenced by
petition 2H0 i. iii. 26.
pettiness: insignificance H5 m. vi. 140.
pettish: ill-luimoured Troil. 11. iii. 140.
pew-fellow : associate R3 iv. iv. 58. [20.
phantasinKe: fantastic being LLL. iv. i. 102, v. i.
phantasnia : nightmare Cies. 11. i. 65. [40.
Phebe vb.: to treat cruelly, like Phebo AYL. iv. iii.
pheeret : Malone's reading in Per. i. Gowcr 21 (old
edd. J'eerie), mod. edd. feref).
Pheezar: jocular derivative of pheeze invented
to jingle witli Cecsar, Keisar Wiv. i. iii. 10.
pheeze : (properly) to drive or frighten away ; (hence)
to do for, settle the business of Shr. hid. i. 1 ril
p. you, in faith ((J /(«), Troil. 11. iii. 219 An a' be
proud with iiic, I'll pheae his prielc (Q Ffphese),
phil-horse : see fill-horse.
Philip: iiameforthesparrow John 1. 1.231. T| Still
dial.; cf. Skelton's 'Boke of Philip Sparowe '.
Philip and Jacob : festival of St. Philip and St.
James, May 1st, Meas. iii. ii. 218.
Philippan: sivord P., the sword that triumplied
over Brutus and Cassius at Philippi, Ant. 11. v. 23 ;
taken by some as a noun, tlie proper name of the
sword.
PhilomeKa: nightingale MND. 11. ii. 13, Lucr. 1079.
philosopher : p-s' stone, reputed substance sup-
posed by the alchemists to have tlie property of
changing other metals into gold ; alluded to
quibblingly in 2H4 111. ii. 358, Tim. 11. ii. 117.
Phoebe: Diana, the moon-goddess MND. i. i. 209.
Phoebus : sun-god Tp. iv. i. 30, MND. 1. ii. 38.
phoenix (cf. Arabian bird) : fig. unique or match-
less person AU'sW. i. i. 184 ; attrib. = matchless
Compl. 93 His phoenix down.
phrase : word "VViv. 1. iii. 31 ' Convey ', the wise it
call. 'SteaU'foh! a fico for the phrase .', 2114: m.
ii. 80 Accommodated .' . . . a good phrase, Ham. n.
ii. Ill ' beautifiid ' is a vile phrase.
phraseless* (S.) : which tliere is no word to de-
scribe Compl. 225 that phrasekss hand.
physic sb.: tiie healing art LLL. ji. i. 180, Per. in.
ii. 32 ; transf. Rom. 11. iii. 62 thy help and holy p.\
tlie medical faculty, jihysicians Cym. iv. ii. 268
The scejitre, learning, jihysic.
physic vb.: to do (a tiling) good, keep in liealth or
vigour Wint. i. i. 43 one that . . . p-s the subject,
Cym. 111. ii. 34 it doth physic love.
physical : curative, remedial, beneficial Cor. i. v.
18, Civs. n. i. 261.
physiognomy: art of judging character by the
features of tlie face Lucr. 1395.
pia mater: used loosely=brain Troil. 11. i. 77.
pibble : common early form of pebble.
pick : to pitch, throw Cor. i. i. 206 as high As I could
pick my lance ; in H8 v. iv. 96 old edd. peck.
picked: refined, exquisite, fastidious LLL. v. i. 14,
John I. i. ri3. Ham. v. i. 150.
picking : fastidious 2H4 iv. i. 198 such p. grievances.
pick-thank : flatterer, sycophant 1H4 in. ii. 25.
Pickt-hatch : quarter of London famous in Eliz.
times for houses of ill fame, tlie houses liaving
liatches or lialf-doors guarded with spikes Wiv.
11. ii. 20 f/o . . . to your manor of Pickt-hatch.
pie: magpie 3H6 V. vi. 48 chattering pies.
piece sb.: 1 cask of liquor; infig.contextTroil.lv.
i. 62 aflat famed piece. 2 applied to a woman orgirl
H8 V. V. 27 such a mighty p. as this, Tit. i. i. 309,
Per. IV. ii. 48 I have gone through for this piece.
piece vb.: to add to, eke out, augment, csp. p. out
Wiv. III. ii. 34, H5 1. Chor. 23, Troil. in. i. 55, Cses.
n. i. 51, Lr. iii. vi. 2 ; piece up AVint. v. iii. 56.
pigeon-egg : type of something small LLL. v. i. 78
thou pigton-eyg of discretion.
PI&EON-I.IVEB'D
162
- PLAIN
pigeon-liver'd : meek, gentle Ham. ii. ii. 613.
piglit (pa. pple. of ' pitch ')
1 ])itclied Troil. v. x. 24 knls . , . pifjht.
2 determined, resolved Lr. ii. i. 67.
pike : spilce in the centre of a buclclcr Ado v. ii. 21 .
pilcher ' : older form of 'pilchard ' Tw.N. iir. i. 40.
pilcher ^ : scabbard Rom. iii. i. 86. ^ App. transf.
and contemptuous use of a word meaning 'outer
garment of skin or leather'.
pile: nap of velvet, etc.; applied to the down on
tlie cheek All'sW. iv. v. 10-4 {two pdc, pile of
double tlie ordinary closeness).
piled : iiaving a pile like velvet (used witli a quib-
ble) Meas. I. ii. 36.
pill (2 in mod. edd. peel)
1 to plunder, rob I\2 ii. 1. 247 The commons huth he
jnU'd ivith grinons tiixcs, R3 I. iii. 159 that whicli
i/oit h(tve pill'd J'roin me, Tim. iv. i. 12 [youj pill
hi) Inn:
2 to strip, strip off Mer.V. i. iii. 85 The skilful shep-
herd pill'd )iie certiiin wands, Liicr. 1161 the bark
pill'd j'roiii Ihe lofty pine.
pillagre : booty, plunder H5 i. ii. 195, 1H6 ly. vii.
41, Lucr. 428.
pillar : portable ensign of office in the form of a
pillar borne before Wolsey as cardinal H8 ii. iv.
fit age dir.
pillicock: penis Lr. in. iv. 75 (Qqu Pilicock . . .
pdinjcks hdl). ^ Used also in Eliz. times as a
term of endearment ; cf. ' Mistigowri ', my pilli-
cocke, myprettie rogue (Cotgr.).
pin (2 from the ordinary sense)
1 peg, nail, or stud fixed in the centre of a target
LLL. IV. i. 140 defiviiij/ the pin, Rom. ii. iv. 15.
2 type of something insignificant, hence usedinter-
jectionally to express impatience at trifles Wiv.
I. i. 118, Troil. v. ii. 21.
3 jiin and mh, a disease of tlie eye Wint. l. ii. 291,
Lr. III. iv. 120 tlie ueb and ihe pin. [ii. 19.
pin-Tjuttock : narrow or sharp buttock AIl'sW. ii.
pinch sb.:
1 bite 1H6 iv. ii. 49.
2 pang of remorse, &c. Tp. v. i. 77 inivard p-es,
Cyni. I. i. 130 a pinch in death.
pinch, vb. (1 used by Chapman and Dryden)
1 to bite 3H6 ii. i. 16 a bear . . . Iiaving pincli'dafeii'.
2 to gripe 1H4 iii. i. 29 with a kind of colic p-'d ; to
torment 2H4 i. ii. 262 the jwx pinches the. other.
3 to distress, afflict, hai-ass, cause discomfort to Tp.
v. i. 74 Thou'rt p-'d for' t noir, Shr. ii. i. 365 [373],
1H4 I. iii. 229 to e/all and p. this Boliwjbroke, Ant.
II. vii. 7 As tint] )}. one anolhtr bij the disposition.
pinched: (a) made ridiculous, (b) galled Wint. ii.
i. .M* / Remain a pinch'd thin//.
pinchingf: distressingly cold Cym. in. iii. 38.
pinch-spotted : discoloured with marks of pinch-
iiig Tp. IV. i. 263.
pine (the corre.spondiiig intr. senses are iref|.)
1 to deprive of food, starve Ven. 602 pine the maw.
2 to consume, wear away R2 v. i.77 towards the north,
Mlure shivering cold and sickness p-s the clime.
pinfold : pound for stray cattle Gent. i. i. 114.
pinion : flight-feather of a wing Ant. in. x. [xii.]4.
pink : winking, half-shut Ant. ii. vii . 121 pink tt/nc.
pinked : ornamented with perforations H8 v. iv.
51 her pinked porringer.
pioned": (?) excavated, trenched Tp. rv. i. 64 Thij
banks with p. and twilled hrims (Knumcr peoniid,
(irul lilted t). TI The vb. ' pion ' = dig, trench, was
current from Spenser to hir Thomas Browne.
pioner (in old edd. /liimer, jtyoner, even in Lucr.
1380 where it rhymes with appear ; pioneer is
only in later Ff) : "digger, miner Ham. i. v. 16.3.
pip (old edd. peep{e) : plir. two-and'thirtij, a pip out,
not quite tlie thing Shr. i. ii. 33 ; ref. to the old
card game of one-and-thirty or boiie-aco.
pipe sb.: put up one's p-s, put one's instruments
away, cease playing Rom. iv. v. 96, Otli. in. i. 20.
TJ Tliis phr. was used lig. in the 16th cent, for
' desist from action '.
pipe vb.: p. for, look for in vain, ' wliistle for ' Tit.
IV. iii. 24 we mag go pipe for justice.
pipe-wine: wine iVom the pipe, cask, or 'wood'
Wiv. III. ii. 94 (with quibble).
piping times : peaceful times in whicli the music
of the pastoral piije is heard, instead of that of
the martial fife R3 i. i. 24.
pismire : ant 1H4 i. iii. 240 stung with pismires.
pissing' conduit : popular name of a conduit near
tlie Royal Exchange, which ran with a very small
stream 2H6 iv. vi. 3.
pissing while : veiy short time Gent. iv. iv. 21.
pit: applied to a dimple Ven. 247 these round en-
chanting pits ; phr. beat to the pit, driven to the
last ditch Cses. v. v. 23.
pitch sb.': typifying something foul Otli. ii. iii. 369
So will I turn her virtue into pitch.
pitch sb.2: height (fig.) Tw.N. i. i. 12 Of what
validity atid p. soe'er, R3 in. vii. 187, Ham. in. i.
86 of great pitch and moment {Flpith}.
pitch vb. (1 the orig. sense from which that of
setting up tents, &c., is derived)
1 to drive (stakes into tlie ground) 1H6 i. i. 118.
2 jiitch and pay, (?) pay ready money H5 ii. iii. 52.
piteous : full of pity, compassionate Tp. i. ii, 14,
R2 V. iii. 126, Ven. 504, Lucr. 1502.
piteously: so as to excite pity Tit. v. i. 66, Ant.
IV. xi. [xiii.] 9 word it, prithee, piteously.
pith:
1 strength, vigour, mettle H5 in. Chor. 21, 0th. I.
iii. 83, Ven. 26.
2 importance, gravity Ham. ui. i. 86 enterprises of
gnat jnlh and moment (Ff).
pithless: weak 1H6 ii. v. 11.
pittance: scanty meal Slir. iv. iv. 61.
pittie-ward (unexplained): Wiv. in. i. 5.
pittikins: diminutive of 'pity' (like 'bodikins')
in 'Ods pittikins Cym. iv. ii. 293.
pity ; of p., (1) compassionate Mer.V. iv. i. 27 an eye
of p., Wint. III. ii. 124, (2) to excite pity Cym. v.
iv. 47 A thin// of p. \—it is p. of, it is a sad thing
for Meas. n. i. 78, MND. in. L 45, Otli. n. iii. 131.
pizzle : bull's p., as a type of something very thin
1H4 II. iv. 275.
place (2 so in Crosby place, &lc.)
1 in p., present, at liand Meas. v. i. 500, Slir. i. ii.
160, IV. iii. 150, 3H6 iv. i. 103 ; keep p., be in agree-
ment or accord Wiv. n. i. 63, Troil. in. iii. 200;
take p. (i) find acceptance All'sW. i. i. 115 ; (ii)seat
oneself H8 i. ii. 10; (iii) be accomplished, take
effect H8 in. ii. 34.
2 residence, dwelling AYL. ii. iii. 27 This is no p. ;
this house is but a butchery, E3 in. i. 69, 0th. i. iii.
238 Due reference of p. and exhibition, Conipl. 82.
3 pitch attained by a falcon before swooping down
upon her quariy Mac. ii. iv. 12.
4 subject, topic AYL. ii. vii. 40.
placket (not pre-Eliz.)
1 petticoat, or slit in a petticoat or skirt LLL. in.
i. 194 [186] Ban Cupid . . . Bread prince of p-s,
Wint. IV. iii. [iv.] 245, 624, Lr. in. iv. 97.
2 wearerof a petticuat, woman Troil. ii. iii. 22 //io««
that war for a jilmkil.
plain sb.: field of battle John ii. i. 295, H5 iv. vi.
8, Ki V. iii. 292.
plain adj. :
1 flat, level MND. iii. ii. 404 Follow me, then. To p-er
ground, Mer.V. m. i. IZcrossing the p. highway of
Fi.Ain
163
POINT
lalk, All's W. II. i. 31 the p. masonry. Tit. iv. i. 69
This snndi) plot is pluin.
2 smooth Err. ii. ii. 72 the p. hakl pate of Father Time,
Wint. IV. iii. [iv.] 746 We are but plain fellows,
sir. — .1 lie; you are rough and hairy.
plain vb.': to complain Err. i. i. 72, R2 I. iii. 175,
Lr. III. i. 39, Liicr. 559.
plain vb.2: to explain Per. iii. Gower 14.
plain-songf : simple melody or theme H8 i. iii. 45
-In honest country lord . . . n>ay bring his p. ; fig.
H5 III. ii. 6, 7 ; attrib. = singing a plain tune MNl3.
HI. i. 138 Tlie plain-song cuckoo. [1364.
plaint (alwaj'spl.) : lamentation R2 v. iii. 127, Lucr.
plaintfal : mournful Compl. 2 A plaintfut story.
plaitt, plaitedf : see ple.\t, pleated.
planched: boarded Meas. iv. i. 'il a planchcd gate.
plant sb. : sole of the foot Ant. ii. vii. 2 (with quib-
l)le on the other word plant).
plant vb.: to set up, establish LLL. i. i. 163 A man
in alt the norld's neic fashion p-cd, R2 iv. i. 127, v.
i. 63 To p. unrightful kings, 1H6 ii. v. 80 to p. the
rightful heir.
plantag^e : plants Troil. iii. ii. 184 As trite as steel,
as p. to the moon ('plants vrere supposed to im-
prove as the moon increases', Kaies). [isle.
plantation : settlement Tp. ii. i. 150 [143] p. of this
plash: pool Shr. l. i. 23 .1 shalloic plaiih.
plate sb. : piece of money Ant. v. li. 92.
plate vb. : to clothe in armour R2 i. iii, 28, Lr. iv.
vi. 170 (fig.), Ant. I. i. 4 plated Mars.
platform (1 common Eliz.)
1 plan 1H6 ii. i. 77 lay neic 2ilatforms.
2 level place constructed lor mounting guns in a
fort Ham. i. ii. 251, 0th. ii. iii. 126.
plausible : laudable, acceptable Meas. iii. i. 255
ansner his requiring with a plattsible obedience.
plausibly : approvingly Lucr. 1854.
plausive (1 only S.; 2 not pre-S.)
1 = PLAUSIBLE AU'sW. I. ii. 53 his p. words. Ham. i.
iv. 30 p/rtU4/(e manners. [rcntion.
2 plausiole, specious All'sW. iv. i. 29 a very p. in-
play off: to toss off (liq^uor) 1H4 ii. iv. 18.
plea ; that which is claimed LLL. ii. i. 7 the p. of no
less iveight Than Aqititaine, Mer.V. lii. ii. 283, iv. i.
198, 203.
pleached (in early use only S. in both senses ; 2 cf.
IMPLEACHED)
1 (of tlie arms) folded Ant. n'. xii. [xiv.] 73.
2 formed by or fenced with intertwining boughs
Ado I. ii. 11 a thick-p. alley, in. i. 7 the p. hoicer.
plead : to utter by way of plea or argument MND.
I. i. 61 In such a presence here to p. my thoughts,
1H6 II. iv. 29 If he suppose that I hare p-ed truth.
pleasance: delight, joy 0th. ii. iii. 295.
pleasant: jocular, facetious, 'meny' LLL. v. i. 4
;). without scurrility, Slir. iii. i. 59 That I have been
thus p. with you both, H5 i. ii. 281, TroiL III. 1. 68.
^ ' Pleasantry ' is post-S.
pleasantly : merrily Troil. rv. v. 248.
pleasant-spirited : jocose Ado ii. i. 357.
please: tlie impersonal, personal passive, and per-
sonal active constructions represented by (1) )/or
an it please you,{so) phase you, please if you, plca'seth
your grace, (2) (/ yoii be p-d, be p-d /o . . ., (3) if you
phase, if she p-d, are all well represented, but the
simple ' please ' ( ^ if you please) is post-S.
please-man : man-pleaser LLL. v. ii. 464.
pleasing- vbl. sb. : agreeableness R3 i. i. 13.
pleasing- ppl. adj. : willing (scil. to listen) Lucr.
1126* Ihlish your nimble notes to phasim/ cars.
pleasure: (one's) will, desire, choice (freq.) ; ofji.,
voluntarily 2H6 v. i. 16 Art thnii . . . come nf'p.f;
—you speak your p., you give free expression to
your tliouglits H8 lu. ii. 13, Troil. m. i. 52.
pleat : fold Lucr. 93 Hiding base sin in p-s of majesty
(mod. edd. plaitsj).
pleated : folded Lr. i. i. 283 Time slaill unfold whatp.
ciinn ing h ides (Qqi 2; Vfpligh ted, mod. edd. plaited-f).
pleljeian : so stressed in Cor. i. ix. 7, v. iv. 40, Ant.
IV. X. 47 [xii. 34].
pledg'e (2 not pre-S.)
1 bail, surety Shr. i. ii. 45 I am Grumio's p., R2 v.
ii. 44, Tit. III. i. 291.
2 drinking to a person's health, toast Cfes. iv. iii.
159, Mac. III. iv. 92, Ham. i. iv. 12.
plenty sb.: pi. necessaries and comforts of life 115
v. ii. 35. Ti A 16th-17th cent. use.
plenty adj. : abundant, plentiful Tp. iv. i. 110 foisor,
p., 1H4 11. iv. 269 iQiphntiful).
pleiirisy : excess Ham. rv. vii. 117.
pliant: suitable (S.) 0th. l. iii. Ibl Took .. .a p. hoity.
plight: pledge, plighting Lr. i. i. 103.
plig-hted: see pleated.
plot: piece of ground, spot (freq.) ; Cor. iii. ii. 102
iliis single plot = my own person.
pluck: used much more widely than at present =
draw in a particular direction, diaworbringrfo«H,
takeaiiay, with animmaterial oliject, e.g. Meas. 11.
iv. HSTopluckonothus,AU'ti\\'.j.i. 79 What., .my
prayers p. down (^obtain from heaven), R2 v. ii.
92 iidt thou p. my fair son from mine age ?, R3 iv. ii.
64 sin will p. on sin. Cor. in. iii. 94 To p. away their
power, Lr. v. iii. 50 Top. the common bosom on his
side, Soini. xiv. 1 Not from the stars do I iiiy judge-
ment p. ( = desire) ; H8 11. iii. 40 P.offa little, come
down to a lower rank ; p. tip, (intr.) rouse thyself,
collect thyself Ado v. i. 212.
plume : (?) plumage Tp. in. iii. 65 One dowle that's
III my plume (old edd. plumb, plumbe).
plume «^( : to trick out, glorify 0th. i. iii. 399 to p.
lip my Hill In (Q 1 iiaike rp my will. A) double knavery.
plume-pluck'd : humbled R2 iv. i. 108.
plummet: Wiv. v. v. 177' is a p. o'er me, has
sounded me, got to the bottom of mo.
plumpy (not pre-S.) : plump Ant. 11. vii. 121.
pocket up: (1) to pnit away out of sight, (hence)
conceal or leave unheeded Tp. 11. i. 71, Ant. n. ii.
77 ; (2) to submit to, 'swallow ' Jolin in. i. 200 I
must pocket up these wrongs, 1H4 iii. iii. 182.
point sb. (in Cor. iv. vi. 125 obeys his points app. =
obeys him in every point)
1 p. of war, short pln-ase sounded on an instrument
as a signal 2H4 iv. i. 52.
2 highest elevation, summit MND. 11. ii. 119 the p.
of human skill.
3 conclusion MND. i. ii. 10 and so ffrow on to ap. ;
see GROW ON (2).
4 = point of the sword John 11. i. 390 Turn . . .
bloody p. to p., 1H4 n. iv. 220 thus I bore my p., v.
iv. 21 hold Lord Percy at the p., Rom. in. i. 172,
Ham. IV. vii. 146 I'll touch my p. With tliis contagion.
5 tagged lace for attaching hose to the doublet and
fastening various parts where buttons are now
used Slir. in. ii. 50, lH4ii. iv. 242 (quibble) Tlieir
points being broken, — Down fell their hose, 2H4 i. i.
53, II. iv. 140, Ant. iii. xi. [xiii.] 157 one that ties
his points.
6 advantageous position in which the hawk 'waits
the fowl ' 2H6 11. i. 5.
7 phrases : at p., (i) in readiness Lr. i. iv. 349
keep At p. a hundred knights ; also at a p. Mac.
IV. iii. 135 ; (ii) ready to, just about to Cor. in.
i. 193 Voii are at p. to lose your liberties, Lr. in.
i. 33, Cym. in. i. 30 ; at ample p., to the full Troil.
in. iii. 89; full p-s, 'full stop' 2H4 n. iv. 197
(with play on sense 4); nop., not at all LLL. 11.
i. 188, V. ii. 278 (quibble) ; standnpon p-s, be over-
scrupulous M>'D. V. i. 118; so 0H6 iv. vii. 58
POINT —
164
— POSSET
ivhcre/ore stand yon on nicep-s I ; — tu {ilie)ji., to tlie
sinaU'estcletail, exactly Tp. i.ii.l9-t, Meas.iii. i. 25(j.
point vb.': to indicate to, direct (a person) LLL.
II. i. 243 (Q i), Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 539, Ham. i. v. 129.
point vb.': aplietic form of appoint Slir. iii. i. 19
//('/ to . . . p-ed times, &c., Liicr. 879, Sonn. xiv. 6
/'-)■/(;/ to mc/j [minute] Itisthnnder, fain, andwind.
point-blank: tig. range, reach 2H6 iv. vii. 28.
point-device, -devise: adj. extremely precise
LLL. V. i. 21, AYL. in. ii. 407 ;— adv. precisely
Tw.X. II. V. 178.
pointing-stock: object of ridicule 2H6 ii. iv, 46.
poise sb. (1 tlie literal sense does not occur)
1 weiglit (fig.) Meas. ii. iv. 69, 3H6 ii. v. 13 ilie
equal 21. of this/ell war ( = equipoise, balance), Lr.
II. i. 122 Occasions . . . of some poise (Qqzs Fipme),
Oth. III. iii. 82.
2 heavy fall Troil. i. iii. 207*.
poise vb. (2 not pre-Eliz.)
1 to weigh, estimate AU'sW. ii. iii. 101, Troil. i.
iii. 339, Rom. i. ii. 100.
2 to counterbalance Oth. i. iii. 332.
poison vb.: = EMPoisoN LLL. iv. iii. 305 {prisonsj),
1H6 V. iv. 121 )nij p-'d roicr, Kom. iii. ii. 46,
Utli. V. ii. St',:i Hie object poisons siijlil.
poisonous : destructive o/Cor. v. iii. 135.
poke : p'Jiket AYL. ii. vii. 20.
pokingf-stick : rod used for stiiTening the plaits
of riitts Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 228.
Polack : Pule, Hani. ii. ii. 63, &c.; — adj. Polish v.
ii. 390. ^ In Ham. i. i. 63 mod. edd. Polacksf,
Q<1 Ff 12 pollax, I'oltax, ¥3 Poldx, Ft I'oU-axe.
pole: pole-star Ham. i. i. 36, Oth. 11. i. 15 tlieyuards
of the ever-fixed p.; fig. lodestar, guiding star Ant.
IV. xiii. [XV.] 60.
polecat: prostitute Wiv. iv. il. 199.
pole-clipt: hedged in witli poksTp. iv. i. 68.
policy (tlie most i)ec|. meaning is 'prudence in the
management of affairs")
1 form of government Lr. I. ii. 50.
2 con luctof publicatl'airs, administration of govern-
ment H5 I. i. 45 anij cause of policy, Troll, i. iii. 197
Tlity tax our policy, and call it cowardice.
3 contrivance, crafty device, slratageni AU'sW. i.
i. 135 no military p., 1H6 iii. ii. 2, in. iii. 12
secret policies, 3H6ii. vi. 65, Troil. iv. i. 18, Cor. 111.
ii. 42 Honour and p. . . . F the war do grow totjdher.
politic: dealing \vitli political science T\v.N. u. v.
ll^S politic authors.
poll (old spelling 770/f)
1 head 2H4 11. iv. 282, Ham. iv. v. 195.
2 with a numeral ; (so many) units AU'sW. iv. iii.
191 fifteen thousand poll.
3 uuini)er of persons Cor. in. i. 133 the yreater poll.
polled : stripped (properly, of branches or foliage)
Cor. IV. V. 216.
pomander: perfumed ball Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 611.
pomewater: large juicy kind of apple LLL. iv. ii.
4 rijif as a poinurater. [IH4 11. iv. 42.
Ponigarnet : pomegranate, the name of a room
pomp: triumphal orcei'einonial procession, pageant
MXD. I. i. 15, John 11. i. 560, in. i. 304, Tit. i. i.
171; this funiral pomp, Tim. i. ii. 252 these feasts,
piiiiip^, and rain-(ilorics.
Pontic sea: Black Sea, Oth. in. iii. 454.
IJOop : to deceive, l)elool Per. iv. ii. 25.
poor-john : salted hake (a type of poor fare)Tp. n.
ii. 28, Rom. i. i. 36.
poorly: meanly, unworthily R2 in. Iii. V28 To look
, so p. and to speak so fair, H5 iv. ii. 41, Mac. 11. ii.
72 Be not lost So p. in your thoughts, Lr. iv. i. 10
My fattier, poorly led ?.
pop(e)rin : variety of pear Rom. n. i. 38. ^ From
Popuringhe, a town in West Flanders.
popular: plebeian, vulgar Tp. i. ii. 92, H5 iv. i. 38,
Cor. n. i. 233, &c.
popularity : keeping company witli the common
jicople 1H4 in. ii. 69, H5 i. i. 59.
populous: numerous Ant. in. vi. 50 p. troops.
poi'ch: portico Ca>s. i. iii. 126 Ponipey's porch.
poring: looking closely as if short-sighted, peering
115 IV. Chur. 2 the poring dark.
porpentine (common 16th-l 7th cent, form) : porcu-
pine Ham. I. V. 20 Lil;e quills upon tlie fretful p.;
applied allusively to a person Troil. 11. i. 27 ; in
Err. the name ot an inn.
porridge : pottage, soup Tp. 11. i. 10, Lr. in. iv. 54.
*i] The mod. sense is post-S.
porringer: basin from which soft or liquid food
is eaten Slir. iv. in. 64 this [caji] was moulelcd on
a p.\ ajiphed humorously to a cap H8 v. iv. 51
till her pinliid porringer fell off her heeid.
port': gate AU'sW. in. v. 37, Cor, v v. [vi.] 6 The
city ports : fig. 2H4 iv. v. 23 tlie ports of slumber.
port- (both senses are freq. 16th-17tli cent.)
1 bearing, carriage, demeanour H5 i. Chor. 6
Assume the port of Mars, 2H6 iv. i. 19, Ant. iv. xii.
[xiv.] 52 with our sprightly port.
2 style of living, state, social station Mer.V. i. i.
125, III. ii. 282 themagnificoes Of greatest port, Shr.
I. i. 2U7 Keep house and port.
portable : bearable, endurable Mac. iv. iii. 89, Lr.
III. vi. Ill light and portable.
portage ': port-dues Per. in. i. 35\
portage =: port-holes (fig.) H5 in. i. 10 Let it pry
through the portageoftlie head.
portance : behaviour Cor. n. iii. 232, Oth. i. iii. 139.
portcullis : to enclose as with a portcullis E2 i.
iii. 167.
portend: to signify Tw.N. 11. v. 133 what should
that . . . position portend?.
portly: stately, dignified, majestic Mer.V. i. i. 9
iiitli p. sad, 1H4 I. ill. 13, Troil. iv. V. 161 hislurge
and p. size, Rom. i. v. 10 like a p. mnCleman, Per.
I. iv. 61. ^ 1H4 II. iv. 470 A goodly portly man,
«' faith, and a corpulent, shows the transition
from this sense to that of ' coipiilent, stout '
Wiv. I. ni. dl nil) portly belly.
posied : inscribed witli a motto Coinpl. 45.
position: affirmation, affirmative assertion Troil.
iir. iii. 112, Oth. n. i. 241 a inost pregnant and un-
forced p., in. iii. 234 /do not in p. Distinctly speak
of her,
positive (neither use is pre-S.)
1 admitting no question, certain Wiv. in. ii. 50
it IS as pusitire as the earth is firm, H5 ly. li. 25.
2 absolute Troil. 11. iii. 71 a fool positive.
positively : with assurance or confidence R3 iv.
ii. 25, Ham. 11. ii. 154.
possess (3 more commonly in therefl., and the jtass.
possessed of or ivitlt repossessing)
1 to be in occu])ation t'yni. i. v. 48 let instructions
enter Where folly now possesses.
2 to take possession of, seize, take Tp. in. ii. 103
Remember First to p. his bocjks, 3H6 i. i. 26 this [is]
the regal scat : p. it, Cor. in. ii. Ill, Tit. n. iii. 26,
Kom. III. ii. 27.
3 to put (one) in possession of a thing Ant. in. ix.
[xi.] 21 / will possess you of that ship.
4 to inform, acquaint Meas. w. i. 46 I have p-'d him
my most stay Can be but brief, Tw.N. n. iii. 151
;). lis; tell us something of him, John IV. ii. 41
Some reasons . . . I have p-'il i/ou ivitli, Troil. iv. iv.
U2 Fll. . . possess thee what'shc is.
possession : being possessed by aspirit Err. v. i.44.
posset sb. : drink composed of liot milk curdled
with ale, wine, &c., formerly used as a delicacy
and as a remedy Wiv, i. iv. 8, Mac. 11. li. 7.
FOSSET
165
— PBECEDENCS
posset vt). ; to curdle likoa posset (S.) Ham. i. v. 68.
possibility (2 an Eliz. sense ; in Tit. m. i. 214 speak
with p. (Qi) =app. speak of tilings within the
range of possibility ; Fi has po.ssibilifies)
1 capability, capacity AH'sW. in. vi. 87 to the p. of
thy soliliership, 2H4 iv. iii."39 I hate speeded hUhir
with the v( nj ixtrcmest inchof p.\ chance (of having
something) 1H6 v. iv. Xi6 ceist from p. of all.
2 pecuniary prospects, 'expectations ' Wiv. i. i. 65
Seven hundred pounds and possibilities.
post sb.': pole set up by the door of a sheriff Tw.N.
I. V. 167 ; doorpost on which the reckoning at a
tavern was kept Err. i. ii. 64.
postsb.2:
1 courier Mer.V. v. i. 46 there's a p. come . . . with
his horn full of good news, 2H4 Ind. 37 The p-s come
tiring on, Mac. i^iii. 98 As thiol! as hail Came post
with post.
2 post-horse 2H4 iv. iii. 40 1 have foundered nine score
andoddposts ; phr. <fttc^).,start on a journey with
post-horses Rom. v. i. 21.
3 in post, at express speed, in haste Err. I. ii. 63 ;
(hence) p. = haste 3H6 i. ii. 48 ichi/ com'st thou in
such p.?; also ;;. is used adverbially = in haste R2
V. ii. 112 3Iount thee itpon his horse; Spur post.
post vl). (the common meaning is 'go with haste,
speed, hasten ')
1 to convey swiftly Cym. ii. iv. 27.
2 p. over, pass off easily 2H6iii. i. 255 His guilt should
be but idly p-ed over (cf. o'erpost) ; p. off, put off
3H6 IV. viii. 40 p-ed off their suits with slow delays.
poster: swift traveller Mac. i. iii. 33.
postern : small back or side door Gent. v. i. 9 Out
ut the p. by the ahbey-wall, R2 v. v. 17 as for a camel
To til read the postern of a needle's eye.
post-haste: so. great expedition Ham. i. i. 107 this
p. and romage in the land; — adv. with all possible
haste R2 1. iv. 55 hath sent p.: also haste-post-haste
as compound sb. 3H6 ii. i. I'Vi In husti-p. are come
tojoinyou; and as adj. = exp(-ditii>us Oth. i. ii. 37
requires your haste-p. etppeurtiuci \ similarly ;)04'^-
post-haste as adj. 0th. i. iii. 46. ^ The old direction
on letters was ' haste, post, haste ', being an ex-
hortation to the courier.
posy : motto inscriiied on the inside of a finger-ring
Mer.V. V. i. 151, Ham. iii. ii. 163.
pot: to the pot, to destruction Cor. i. iv. 47.
potato : the Spanish or sweet potato, Batatas
cdulis, in the 16th-17th cent, supposed to have
aphrodisiac qualities Wiv. v. v. 21, Troil. v. ii. 54.
potch: to thrust at Cor. i. x. 15 (mod. edd. also
poach). ^ Survives in Warwickshire.
potent: potentate John ii. i. 358 You etfual patents.
potential: powerful 0th. i. ii. 13, Compl. 264.
pother: disturbance, commotion, turmoil Cor. ii. i.
L':!7 [Ffpoothcr), Lr. iii. ii. 50 (Ff pitdder, Qi Po((>-
thcr, Qqo3 Thnndring).
potting' : tippling 0th. ii. iii. 80 potent in potting.
pottle : measure of capacity for liquids = 2 quarts
Wiv. II. i. 222, 0th. ii. iii. 88 ; so pottle-pot 2H4
II. ii. 86.
pottle-deep : to the bottom of the tankard 0th. ii.
iii. 57 hath . . . carous'd Potations pottle-dccp.
pouch : purse Wiv. i. iii. 94, AYL. ii. vii. 159.
poulter : poulterer 1H4 ii. iv. 487 [480].
pouncet-box (S. word, revived in mod. times by
Scott) : small box for perfumes 1H4 1. iii. 38 'lioixt
his finger and his thumb he held A p. ^ Perliaps
orig. 'pounced (=perforated) box .
pound sb.': pound-weight Cor. iii. i. 312 Tie leaden
pounds to's heels.
poundsb.': public enclosure for stray cat tie, pinfold
Gent. I. i. 113. [Cor. I. iv. 17.
pound vb.: to shut up as in a pound Gent. i. i. 110,
poverty : poor stuff Sonn. xl. 10 Although thou steal
thee all my p., ciii. 1 what p. my Muse brings forth.
pow,waw(mod.edd.wowt): poohpooh! Cor.ii.i.l59.
powder: to salt 1H4 v. iv. U2 to p. me and eat me too.
powdered: lit. salted; (hence) subjected to the
sweating-tub treatment (see next) Meas. ili. ii. 64
your poiidi nd hand.
powdering tub : lit. pickling vat ; humorously
ai>plied to the sweating-tub used for the euro of
venereal disease H5 ii. i. 79.
power (2 a common S. sense)
1 person of rank or influence H8 ii. iv. 111.
2 body of armed men, lighting foice, pi. forces John
IV. ii. 110 Xeicr such a p. . . . Vias levied, Cfes. iv.
i. 42 Brutus and Cassias Are levying p-s, Lucr. 1368
the power of Greece.
practic (once) : practical H5 i. i. 51 the art and p.
part of life. H 'Practical ' is post-S.
practice (2 the commonest S. sense)
1 execution Ado v. i. 260 paid me richly for the p. of
it; so in phr. ;)!i^/j(;).Gent. iii.ii.89,LLL. i.i.3U4.
2 stratagem, conspiracy, trickery, plot, intrigue
Meas. v. i. 108, 124 This neals must be a p., Tw.N.
V. i. 364 This p. hath most shnwdly pass'd iipon
thee, H5 ll. ii. 90 Hath . . . lightly conspir'd, And
sworn unto the p-s of France, Ham. iv. vii. 138 a
pass of p., Lr. ii. iv. 116 That this remotion of the
duke and her Is practice only.
practisant (S.) : ? plotter, conspirator 1H6 iii. ii.
'M Puceltc and her practisants.
practise (2 cf. peactice 2)
1 to perform, carry on 1H6 ii. iii. 47 to practise your
severity, Cses. iv. iii. 87.
2 to use stratagem or artifice, scheme, plot (with
against or on, upon) AYL. i. i. 158 he will p. against
thee by poison, H5 ii. ii. 99 p-'d on me, 0th. i. ii. 73
pi'-d on her with foul charms, ii. i. 322 practising
upon his peace and qiiiet.
3 to plot (some evil) John iv. i. 20 My uncle p-s more
harm to me.
practiser: practitioner All's W. ii. i. W& Sweet p.,
thy physic I will try.
prserniinire : more fully 'prsemunire facias', a writ
by wliicli the sheriff is charged to summon a per-
son accused of maintaining papal jurisdiction in
England H8 iii. ii. 341 Fall into the compass of a p.
prsetor : magistrate in ancient Rome, subordinate
to the consuls Ores. ii. iv. 35.
praise sb. : that for which a person or thingdeserves
to be praised, desert, virtue Mer.V. v. i. 108 To
their right praise and true perfection, H5 iii. vii. 51,
Troi). II. ii. 145, Per. i. i. 15 Her face the book of p-s,
Sonn. Ixxxiv. Upraise, which makesyourp-s worse.
Tf In Tp. III. iii. 39 the common Eliz. proverbial
phr. ' praise at parting ' (=praise given not too
soon, not till the entertainment is ovei') appears
as Praise in departing.
praise vb.: to appraise, value Tw.N. i. v. 270 Were
you sent hither to p. me ?, Troil. iii. ii. 97 P. us as
ice are tasted.
praised : esteemed Per. iii. ii. 102.
praiseful: laudable LLL. iv. ii. 58 (F2 praysfull,
Ff3 4 prais{e)full ; Qq Fi prayful,see peeyful).
prank sb. (always pi.) : malicious or mischievous
deed or trick Err. 11. ii. 212, 1H6 iii. i. 15, Ham.
III. iv. 2 Tell him his p-s have been too broad to bear
with, Otli. II. i. Ii2 foul pranks.
pray : to invite Meas. n. i. 301 [292] I pray you home
to dinner with me.
prayer : metrically 1 or 2 syll.
preambulate : walk in front LLL. v. i. 86 (mod.
odd. pre-, prerambulaf).
prece'dence : sometliing said before LLL. iii, i. 88
anepiloyue . . . to make plain Some obscure p., Ant.
12
PRECEDENT -
166
- PRESENT
II. V. 51 / do not like ' but yet ', it does aVaij The
good precedence.
pre'cedent sb. (1 only S.; 2 othenvise rare)
1 sign, token Yen. 26.
2 original from which a copy is made John v. ii. 3
let tills be copied out . . . Hdunt the p. to these lords
(((/niii, R3 III. vi. 7.
pre'cedent adj.: former Tim. i. i. 134, Ham. iii. iv.
98, Ant. IV. xii. [xiv.] 83 thy precedent services.
precept (in 1 pre'cept, in 2 prece'pt)
1 instruction, direction Tp.iii. i. 58 my father's p-s.
Ham. II. ii. 142 {Cl(l-2-5 prescripts), Compl. 267.
2 writ recjuiring something to be done 2H4 v. i. 14,
H5 HI. iii. 26.
preceptial : consisting of precepts Ado v. i. 24.
preci'nct : quarter over wliieh a person has con-
trol 1H6 II. i. 68.
precious: egregious, arrant 0th. v. ii. 233 P. rillarn,
Cym. III. V. 81, iv. ii. 83 ;— as adv. = preciously
John IV. iii. 40 too p. princely for a grave, Troil. v.
iii. 28 more p. dear than life (hyphened only in
Ff2 3 4).
preciously : as a valuable thing Tp. i. ii. 241,
precipit [obs. Fr. ' precipite '] : precipice H8 v. i.
14U (.Fi Prccepit, mod. edd. precipicef).
precipitate: to fell headlong Lr. iv. vi. 51.
precipitation : steepness of descent, preclpitous-
ness Cor. m. ii. 4.
precisian : (?) rigid spiritual adviser Wiv. ii. i. 5
{phijsiiiaiip. •; In 16th-17th cent, synonymous
with ' Pui itan '.
pre-contra'ct : previous engagement of marriage
Meas. IV. i. 73.
precurrer (S.) : forerunner Phoen. ii.
precurse (S.) : heralding Ham. i. i. 121.
predecease (not pre-S.) : to die before Lucr. 1756.
predeceased: previously extinct Ho v. i. 76.
predecessor : ancestor H5 i. ii. 248, Cor. ii. i. 102,
Mac. II. iv. 34.
predicament: condition, situation Mer.V. iv. i.
358, 1H4 I. iii. 168 the tine and the p. Wherein you
range, Rom. in. iii. 85. ^ Orig. a term of logic
= category.
predict (S.) : prediction Sonn. xiv. 8.
predominance: asoendaiuy of a planet Lr. i. ii.
138 thii_ i(s (( ml Iniicliers by spherical predominance ;
so predominant, in the ascendant, ruling
All's W. I. i. 214 born under iMars. — ^Yhen he ir((s
predoiiiiiaint, Wint. i. ii. 202.
predominate (twice ; 2 not pre-S.)
1 to have ascendancy (like a planet) Wiv. ii. ii. 299.
2 trans, to prevail over Tim. iv. iii. 143.
prefer (in MND. iv. ii. 40* either 1 or the mod. sense)
1 to place or put before a person, put forward,
present, offer 1H6 in. i. 10, 33, C»s. in. 1. 28 ;>.
his suit to Cusar, Ham. iv. vii. 159 I'll have pre-
ferred him (Ff prepar'd) A chalice, 0th. i. iii. 109.
2 to introduce, recommend Gent. ii. vi. 15, Shr. i.
i. 97, 2H6 IV. vii. 77 my hook preferr'd me to the
king, C«s. v. v. (i2if Messalaivill preferme toyou.
preferment: preference Shr. ii. i. 94. *\ The
ordinaiy sense is ' advancement, promotion '.
pregnancy : readiness (of wit) 2H4 i. ii. 194.
pregnant ': clear, obvious Meas. ii. i. 23, Wint. v.
ii . 34 Most true, if ever truth were p. by circumstance,
0th. II. i. 241, Ant. it. i. 45, Cym. iv. ii. 325.
% Old Fr. ' preignant ', from ' preindre ' to press ;
]ience = pressing, cogent.
pregnant^ [Latin ' praegnans']
1 resourceful, ready, apt Meas. i. i. 11, Tw.N. n. ii.
29, Ham. ii. ii. 216 Hoio p. . . . his replies are.
2 receptive, (hence) disposed, inclined Tw.N. in. i.
101 your oivH most p. and vouchsafed ear. Ham. ni.
ii. 66 crook the pregnant hinges of the knee.
pregnantly : cogently, clearly Tim. i. i. 93.
prejudicate : to pass judgement upon beforehand
All'sW. I. ii. 8.
prejudice: inquiry, detriment H8 i. i. 182; so the
vb. lH6in. iii. 91.
premi'sed : sent before the time 2H6 v. ii. 41 the p.
flames of the last day.
premises (occurs thrice)
1 conditions, stipulations Tp. I. ii. 123 in lieu o" the p.
Of homage, AllsW. n. i. 204.
2 previous circumstances H8 ii. i. 63* 'T has done
■upon the premises but justice.
prenominate vb.: to name beforehand Troil. iv.
v. 249 ; also ppl. adj. aforesaid Ham. ii. i. 43 the
prenominate crimes. [95.
prenzie* : doubtful word, (?) an error Meas. iii.i.92,
pre-ordinance : previously established ordinance
Cies. III. i. 38.
preparation (2 is peculiar to S.)
1 force or fleet equipped for tight 1H4 iv. i. 93, Cor.
I. ii. 15, Uth. I. iii. 14 The Turkish p. makes for
Rhodes, Cym. iv. iii. 29.
2 accomplishment Wiv. ii. ii. 243 your many irar-
like . . . and learned preparations.
prepare : preparation 3H6 iv. i. 131.
preposterous: inverting the natural order of
tilings Slir. III. i. 9 Preposterous ass.
prerogative : precedence, pre-eminence Tp. i. ii.
1U5, Shr. in. i. 6, All'sW. ii. iv. 43 The great p.
and rite of love, Wint. ir. i. 162, 1H6 v. iv. 142.
pre£.age sb. (the stress varies ; the vb. is always
presa'ge and is used in senses corresponding to
those of the noun)
1 omen, portent John i. i. 28 sullen pre'sage of your
own decay, in. iv. 158 Abortives, pre'sages, and
tongues of heaven, Ven. 457 This ill presa'ge.
2 prognostication Sonn. cvii. 6 the sad augurs mock
their oicn presa'ge.
3 presentiment, foreboding R2 ii. ii. 141 ?/ heart's
presa'gcs he not tain.
presa'ger : that which indicates Sonn. xxiii. 10,
prescript : prescribed, laid down H5 in. vii. 51.
prescription: claim founded upon long use 3H6
in. iii. 94.
presence (the senses 'fact of being present' and
' demeanour, carriage, aspect ' are freq.)
1 in p., present R2 rv. i. 62 you were in p. then ; And
you can icitness with me this is true, 2H4 iv. iv. 17,
H5 I. ii. 2.
2 presence-chamber R2 1. iii. 289, H8 ni. i. 17 the two
great cardinals Wait in the p., Rom. v. iii. 86.
3 assembly, company LLL. v. ii. 534 a good p. of
Worthies, R2 iv. i. 32 the best In all this p.. Ham.
V. ii. 242 This presence knows.
4 (with possessive) person, personality John t. i. 137
Lord of thy p. and no land beside, ii. i. 377 Your
royal p-s, R2 in. iii. 76 our p., 1H4 in. ii. 56.
present sb. {the p. = ' the present time ' not pre-S. ;
Tw.N. III. iv. 382 my p. app. = mv present store)
1 the or this p., the affair in hand, the present occa-
sion or pui-pose Meas. iv. ii. 27, Cor. i. vi. 60, in.
iii. 41, Ant. n. vi. 30.
2 this p., the present time or moment Wint. tv.
Chor. [i.] 14, Cym. iv. iii. 8 ; adv. (?) = just now
Tw.N. I. V. 254; m p., at present, nowTim, i. i. 142.
3 (?) writing LLL. tv. iii. 189 What p. hast thou there?.
present adj. (1 cf. ' a vei-y present help fii trouble '
Psahii xlvi. 1 ; 2 very freq.)
1 (ofmoney) immediately available, 'ready' Err. iv,
i. 34 I am not furnish'd with the p. money, Mer.V,
I. i. 179 To raise a p. sum, ni. ii. 274 The p. money
to discharge the Jew.
2 immediate, instant AViv. iv. vi. 56 Fit make a p.
recompense, Wint. i. ii. 281 without My p. vengeance
FBESENT
167
PBXDE
tttkni, H8 I. ii. 211 Cull him fo p. hid!, Rom. iv. i.
61 Gire me some p. minitel, Otli. I. ii. 90 so;(« /'. biisi-
iiess of the state.
3 (?) urgent, pressing Tim. ii. ii. 154 To pay your p.
debts. III. ii. 39 He has only sent his p. occasion now.
present vb. (.S occurs only once)
1 to set forth, describe 0th. i. iii. 124 So justly to
your (jrace cars. I'll present How . . .
2 to represent (a character), personate Tp. iv. i. 167
iclun I p-ed Ceres, Wiv. iv. vi. 20, LLL. v. i. 127,
&c., MND. HI. i. 65, &c., H8 Trol. 5. [the led.
:5 to l)ring a cliarge against Shr. Ind. ii. 89^= her at
presentation (1 some refer tliis to 2)
1 display, sliow AYL. v. iv. ll.'i'.
2 semblance K3 iv. iv. 84.
presently: immediately, instantly, directly Tp.
IV. i.42 I'ttsmlly? — Ay, with ativinlc. ^ Veryfreq.
in S. and the nsual Eliz. sense ; tlie mod. sense
of ' in a little while, shortly ' is not evidenced
with certainty before li»0, but there are possible
instances in S., e.g. Wiv. iv. ii. 102.
presentment (not pre-S. in either sense)
1 dedication of a book Tim. I. i. 27.
2 picture, portrait Ham. iii. iv. 54.
president : head, sovereign Ant. iii. vii. 17.
pres-s sb.i (in H8 iv. i. 78 Fi has prense)
1 crowd, throng H8 iv. i. 78, Cses. i. ii. 15.
2 crowding or thronging together John v. vii. 19.
3 = printing-press Wiv. ii. i. 80 puts into the press
(quibble).
4 = clothes-press Wiv. iii. iii. 225, iv. ii. 64.
press sb. 2; warrant or commission giving authority
to impress recruits 1H4 iv. ii. 13* / have misused
the ki>iy's press damnably.
press vb. (in 3H6 iii. i. 19 Ft has prease)
1 ;). to death, (properly) subject to the ancient tor-
ture called the ' peine forte et dure ' Meas. v, i. 524
p-iny to death, nhipping, and hanging ; also in
fig. use Ado III. i. 76 she would . . . p. me to death
with wit, R2 in. iv. 72, Troil. in. ii. 217.
2 to oppress, weigh down Rom. i. i. 193, Lr. iv. iii.
28, 0th. III. iv. 176 I have , , . with leaden thoughts
been p-'d, Sonn. cxl. 1.
3 to crowd, throng 3H6 iii. i. 19 No humble suitors
press to speak for right, Ca'S. li. iv. 15, &c.
4 to push or strain forward Tit. iv. iii. 89 to p. to
heaven in my young days, Rom. V. iii. 215 To p. be-
fore thy father to a grave.
press-money ; earnest-money paid to a soldier or
sailor on his being ' pressed ' into the service Lr.
IV. vi. 88.
pressure : impressed character, impi'cssion, stamp
Ham. I. V. 100, iii. ii. 28.
prest: ready Mer.V. r. i. 161, Per. rv. Gower 46.
Prester John : name given in the Middle Ages to
an alleged Christian priest and king supposed to
reign in the far East, and from the 15th cent.
identified with the king of Etliiopia or Abyssinia
Ado II. i. 278 bring yon the length of P.-J-s foot.
presuppos'd * : suggested beforehand (for one's
adoption) Tw.N. v. i. 362 p. Upon thee in the letter.
pretence : intention, purpose, or design Gent. in.
i. 47, Wint. in. ii. 18 the p. whereof being , , . laid
open, Mac. n. iii. 138, Lr. i. ii. 98.
pretend (only in obs. or arch, senses)
1 to hold out, offer Lucr. 576. [adore.
2 to assert Tit. I. i. 42 Wliom you, p. to honour and
3 to claim 3H6 rv. vii. 57 if you pretend no title.
4 to allege falsely, use as a pretext Meas. in. i. 2.35
p-ing in her discoveries of dishonour, Cym. n. iii.
118, v. v. 251.
5 to intend, purpose, design Gent. ii. vi. 37 their
disguising and p-ed flight, 1H6 iv. i. 6^. Malicious
practices, Mac. n. iv. 24.
6 to import 1H6 IV. i. .54 doth this churlish supir-
srription Pretend some alteration ...'!.
prettily: ingeniously, skilfully, neatly MND. n. ii.
53 Lysander riddles very p., R3 in. i. 1.34 He p. and
aptly taidils himself.
prettiness : pleasantness Ham. iv. v. 188.
prevail : to avail, liave effect H5 in. ii. 17, Rom. in.
iii. 59 It [sc. philosophy] lielps not, it p-s not.
prevailment : superior power or influence MND.
I. i. 35.
prevent (2 cf. prevention 1)
1 to anticipate (an event) Ca;s. v. i. 105 so to p. The
timeoflife. Ham. n. ii. 312 [305] so shall my einticipa-
tion prevent your discovery.
2 to be beforeliand with, forestall, anticipate (a per-
son) Mer.V. I. i. 61 // worthier friends had not p-ed
me, Tw.N. in. i. 95, 1H6 iv. i. 71, Caes. in. i. 35 /
must prevent thee.
3 to escape, avoid B2 ni. ii. 179, 2H4 i. ii. 263.
4 intr. to use preventive measures Caes. ii. i. 28 So
Casar may ; Tlien, lest he may, prevent.
prevention :
1 forestalling another in the execution of his
designs Caes. in. i. 19 Be sudden, for we fear p.
2 precaution Troil. i. iii. 181.
presrfnl : killing mucli prey LLL. iv. li. 58.
pril>l)les and prabbles : petty disputing, vain
(hatter Wiv. i. i. 56.
price (in sense 3 .spelt prize in old edd.)
1 value, worth 2H4 v. iii. 98 happy news of price
(=worth much), Troil. n. ii. 82, iii. 143, Lr. i. i.
200 her price isfall'n.
2 esteem, estimation Meas. i. iii. 9 held [it] in idle
p., All'sW. V. iii. 61 Make trivial p. of serious
things, Tw.N. i. i. Vi falls into . , . low price.
3 valuation, appraisement Ant. v. ii. 182, Cym. in.
vi. 76.
prick sb. (often with indelicate quibble)
1 each of the marks by wliich the circumference of
a dial is divided 3H6 i. iv. 34 Phatthon hath , . .
maele an evening ed the noontide ^.,'Kom. ii, iv. 122,
Lucr. 781.
2 mere point Troil. i. iii. 343.*
3 spot in the centre of a target LLL. iv. i. 136 Let
the mark have a p. int; phr. eit p-s, shooting at
a target having such a mark fixed at a certain
distance (opposed to shooting 'at the butts'),
LLL. IV. i. 143.
4 prickle of a hedge-hog Tp. n. ii. 12 ; thorn AYL,
in. ii. 119 ; skewer Lr. n. iii. 16 wooden pricks.
prick vb. (1 metaphor ft-om spurring)
1 to urge, incite Gent. in. i. 8 iVy duty p-s mean to
utter that, Shr. in. ii. 75 some odd humour p-s him to
this fashion, 1H4 v. i. 131 honour p-s me on, 0th.
HI. iii. 413.
2 to mark or indicate by a ' prick' or tick, mark or
tick otf 2H4 n. iv. 364 The fend hath p-ed down
Bardolph irrecoverable, in. ii. 123 P. him, &c.,C£es.
in. i. 216, rv. 1. 1 their names are p-d ; to choose
or pick out LLL. v. ii. 546 Cannot p. out five such
(Qi picke), Sonn. xx. 13.
3 to fasten with a pin Shr. in. ii. 71.
4 to attire elaborately, dress up 2H4 in. ii. 123, &c.
5 to remove by a prick Rom. i. iv. 67.
prick-eared : having erect ears H5 ii. i. 44.
pricket : buck in its second year LLL. iv. ii. 12.
pricksongr : descant or accompanying melody to
a plainsong or simple theme ' pricked ' or noted
down Rom. il. iv. 22.
pride (the mod. uses are freq.)
1 magnificence, pomp Rom. i, ii. 10 Let two more
sumiiurs wither in their p., 0th. in. iii. 355 P.,
pomp, and circumstance of glorious war, Sonn.
Ixxx. 12 of goodly p., civ. 4 three summers' p.
PRIEST -
li"i8
— FBODIGAL
2 love of display Lucr. 864.
3 magnificent or ostentatious adornment H8 i. i.
25 the inadams . . . did almost siieat to hear Tin'
pride upon tlicm, Lucr. 18u9 to dotlic liis nit in siatt
and p., Sonn. Ixxvi. 1 IVA/y is my verse so hurrut
of new pride I.
4 lionour, gloiy 1H6 iv. vi. 57 let's die in pride.
5 best conilition, pi-ime 1H4 i. i. 00 in ilie very heat
And pride of their contention, 1H6 iv. vii. 1(5.
6 mettle in a horse 1H4 iv. iii. 22, Yen. 420.
7 sexual desire LLL. ii. i. 2:i5, 0th. in. iii. 405 As
salt as wolves in p., Lucr. 438, Sonn. cxliv. 8 her
foul pride.
priest :
1 ie a person's priest, kill him (in allusion to the
priest's performing the last offices to the dying)
2H6 III. i. 272.
2 priestess Cym. i. vi. 133, Per. v. i. 243.
priesthood : with possessive used as a mock title
tur a priest 2H6 ii. i. 23.
prig- islang) : thief Wint. iv. ii. [iii.] 109. [i. iv. 41.
primal: primitive, primeval Ham. in. iii. 37, Ant.
primater: error lor 'pia mater' LLL. iv. ii. 71.
primes!).: spring Lucr. 332, Sonn. xcvii. 7.
prime adj. (4 only S.)
1 lirst in time R3 iv. iii. 19.
2 first in ranker dignity Tp. i. ii. 12Prospero tliep.
duke, H8 in. ii. 163 TIte prime man of the state.
3 first in importance or excellence Tp. i. ii. 422 my
p. request, H8 i. ii. 67 no p-r business, il. iv. 227.
4 sexually excited 0th. ill. iii. 404.
primero : gambling card-game very fashionable
truni aliout 1530 to 1640 Wiv. iv. v.105, H8 v. i. 7.
primog"enitive : the right of succession belong-
ing tu the first-born Ti'oil. i. iii. 106.
primrose iialh, luay : path of pleasure Mac. ii. iii.
22, Ham. i. iii. 50.
primy (S. coinage) : that is in its prime Ham. i.
iii. 7 in the youth of primy nature.
prince : the two senses are ' sovereign ruler ' and
' male member of a royal family '; the pi. is used
= royal pair John il. i. 445, 533.
princess : (?) used as pi. in Tp. i. ii. 173.
principal (2 a legal use)
1 employer Per. iv. vi. 91, 93.
2 one who is directly responsible for a crime, or
aids and abets it Wint. n. i. 92.
3 principal rafter of a house Per. in. ii. 16.
principality : (?) one of the liigher orders of
spiritual beings so designated Gent. il. iv. 153.
princox: pert saucy boy Rom. i. v. 90.
print si).: in p., with exactness, to a nicety Gent.
11. i. 177, LLL. in. i. 181 [173].
print vb. : to commit to writing Tit. iv. i. 75.
Priscian: famous Roman grammarian (6tli cent.
A. D.) ; LLL. v. i. 31 P. a little scratched, a mild
variant of the common phr. ' break P.'s head ' =
violate the rules of grammar.
prison : to imprison, confine (always in fig. con-
nexion) ; LLL. IV. iii. 305 uninr^al pbullinn p-sf
a pTIie nimble spirits in thearter'(s(i\\dfdi].jioy sons).
pristine : ancient H5 in. ii. 90 the p. wars of th<
Hoiiians ; former, original Mac. v. iii. 52 to a sound
and /irislinc health.
private sb. (2, 3 only S.; 4 not pre-S.)
1 one not holding a public position H5 iv. i. 258
irhat luive kings that privates have not too?.
2 intimate, favourite Ham. n. ii. 242 (quibble).
3 private communication John iv. iii. 10.
4 privacy Tw.N. in. iv. 102.
private adj. (obs. rare use) : by oneself, alone H8
n. ii. 15 I left him private, Rom. i. i. liii private in
his chamber.
privilege sb. (1 and 2 only S.)
1 ' favourable circumstance ' (.Schmidlj Gent. in. i.
160 think my patience ... Is /). for thy departure
hence, MND. li. i. 220 Your virtue is my p., Sonn.
xcv. 13 this Ifirgc privilege.
2 advantage yielded, superiority IHO in. i. 121.
3 right of asylum or sanctuary R3iii. i. 41.
privilege vb.: to authorize, license Lucr. 621,
Sonn. Iviii. 10.
privity : being ' privy ' to something H8 i. i. 74.
prize sb.' (1 and 2 perhaps belong to sbs. of really
distinct origin ; see also pricej
1 advantage, privilege 3H6 i. iv. 59 It is war's p. to
take all vantages, ll. i. 20 JUetliinks, 'tis p. enough to
be liis son (Qq pride).
2 contest, match Mer.V. in. ii. 141 Like one of tiro
contending in a p.; phr. play one's p., play one's
' game ' or part Tit. i. i. 399.
prize sb.=: booty, plunder R3 in. vii. 186 Made p....
of ( - took possession of ).
prize vb. :
1 to value, estimate, esteem Tp. i. ii. 168 volumes
that I p. above my dukedom. Ado in. i. 90 so swift
and excellent a wit As she is p-'d to have. Cor. I. v.
4 p. their hours At a crack'd drachm, Tim. I. i. 172
Tilings . . . Are p-d by their masters (i. e. according
to the esteem in which their masters are held).
2 (with negative) to care nothing for Tw.N. n. iv.
84, Wint. IV. iii. [iv.] 369, 388, Sonn. cxliii. 8.
prizer ' : one who values a thing Troil. ii. ii. 56.
prizer - : one who fights in a 'prize' or match (of,
PRIZE sb.'2) AYL. II. iii. 8.
probable: worthy of acceptance or belief, plausible
All sW. II. iv. 53, 2H6 iii. ii. 178, Cor. iv. vi. 66.
probal:= PROBABLE, q.v. 0th. n. iii. 347.
probation (2 the commoner sense)
1 trial, investigation Tw.N. ii. v. 144 ; testing of
vocation Meas. v. i. 72.
2 proof Meas. v. i. 157, Mac. in. i. 80, Ham. i. i. 156
of the truth . . . This present object made p., 0th. in.
iii. 366.
proceed: [i. ii. 180.
1 to take place All'sW. iv. ii. 02, R3 in. ii. 23, Caes.
2 to arise, be caused H5 ii. ii. 54, Cym. in. v. 58.
proceeder : one who proceeds to a university degree
(used quibblingly) Shr. iv. ii. 11 And may you
prove, sir, master of your art .'—While you, sweet
dear, prove mistress of my heart. — Quick p-s, marry.
process (3 is peculiar to S.)
1 drift, tenor, gist Troil. iv. i. 8 the p. of your speech.
2 narrative, story Meas. v. i. 93, Mei-.V. iv. i. 275
Tell . . . the p. of .[ntonio's end, H3 iv. iii. 32, Ham.
I. V. 37 a forged p. of my death, 0th. i. iii. 142. [9.
3 what goes on, proceeding All'sW. i. i. 18, H8ii. iii.
4 formal command or mandate Ham. iv. iii. 66, Ant.
I. i. 28.
process-server: =bailifi' Wint. iv. ii. [iii.] 103.
proclaim : to make a puljlic announcement Meas.
IV. iv. 27.
proclamation: open declaration, manifestation
IMeas. III. ii. 156 give him a bettir p. (= proclaim
him to be a better man), All'sW. i. iii. 182.
procreant: adj. bringing forth young Mac. i. vi. 8
[a bird's] p. cradle ; — sb. generator 0th. iv. ii. 27
procure (uses now obs. or arch.)
1 to cause, bring about Meas. v. i. 475, 2H6 n. iv.
62, Lr. II. iv. 306.
2 to get (a person to do something) W^lv. iv. vi. 49,
lH6v. V. 88, Rom. ii. ii. 145.
3 to bring (a person to a place) Rom. in. v. 08 What
. . . cause procures her hither?.
4 to manage or contrive (to do something) Sonn.
Music iii. 32 [Pilgr. 276].
prodigal: adj. in the sense of ' wastofully lavish '
transferred from the agent to an attribute LLL. v.
PRODIGIOUS -
169
-J^&OFENSIOir
ii. G-l How I nonld tiiakt liiiii . . . spend liix p. ivitu in
bootless limes, AYL. i. i. 41 Wliai p. portion have 1
spent, Tim. ii. ii. 175 how many p. bits hate slaves
and peasants . . . enghitted ; — adv. lavishly Ham.
I. iii. 116.
prodigious :
1 of the nature of a prodigy, ominous, portentous
MXD. V. ii. 42 [i. 410] Never mole, hare-lip . . . Xor
mark prodif/ious.
2 abnormal, unnatural, monstrous John iii. i. 46
crooked, swart, p., R3 i. ii. 22 1/ ever he have child,
alxirtirv he it. Prodigious. [91.
prodigiously : (?) by monstrous births John iir. i.
prodigy, unien, portent 1H4 v. i. 20 A p. of fear and
a por/ent Of . . . mischief, C*s. i. iii. 28, Yen. 926
ii)>piirilio)is, signs, and prodiyics,
proditor : traitor 1H6 i. iii. 3i.
product: to produce 0th. i. i. 147 (Ff).
proface : iunnula of welcome at a meal (lit. may it
do yuu good) 2H4 V. iii. 'I'i. ^ In I'req. use from
early 16th to mid-17th cent.
profess :
1 to dcohire openly, affirm, acknowledge Meas. iv.
ii. 103 [he] hath to tlie public ear P-d the contrary,
HS II. iv. 82 / do p. Yon speak not like miirsilf, Lr.
I. i. 74 I profess Myself an enemy to all other joys.
2 red. to make professions C'a;s. i. ii. 77 ; intr. to
make a profession of friendsliip Wint. i. ii. 456 a
man which ever Profess'd to him.
3 to claim to have knowledge of or skill in (an art
or science) Ado m. iv. 67 how lomj hme yon p-ed
apprehension?, 1H4 v. ii. 91 I p. not talkiny ; to
make (a thing) one's business Meas. ii. i. 67.
professed : openly declared or avowed Ado i. i. 176
u p. tyrant to their sex, Rom. iii. iii. 49 my friend
p., Lr. I. i. 275 To your p. bosoms I commit him.
proficient: Icarnerwlio makes progress lH4ii.iv. 19.
profit sb. (the foil, senses are only S.)
1 something advantageous or profitable Meas. i. iv.
61 p-s of the mind, 0th. ill. iii. 380 / thank you for
this profit ( = profitablc lesson).
2 progress, proficiency AYL. i. i. 7 report speeiks
ijuldtnly of his profit [at school], Shr. I. i. 39.
profit vb. : to make progress, improve Wiv. iv. i. 16
my son p-s nothing in the world at his book, Shr. iv.
\\.\i profit you in what you read?, lH4r. ii. ViQ God
give . . . him the ears of p-ing .', iir. i. 165 well read,
and profited ( = proficient).
profound: of deep significance Mac. in. v. 24.
progeny (the sense 'oftspring' occurs)
1 race, stock, family 1H6 v. iv. 38 issu'dfrom the p.
of kings. Cor. I. viii. 13 the Hector That teas tlic whip
of your bragged progeny.
2 lineage, descent 1H6 iii. iii. 61 Doubting thy birth
and laiiful progeny.
prognostication :
1 loifcast for the year published in or as an almanac
\Viiit. IV. iii. [iv.] 821 in hottest day p. proclaims.
- siuii. token Ant. i. ii. 56.
progress sb. (2 not pre->S.)
1 .state .journey made by a king 2H6 i. iv. 75 The
king IS now in p. towards Saint Alban's ; jocularly
ilani. IV. iii. 34 how a king may yoei progress through
the i/nts of a beggar.
2 onward movement in space, course John il. i. .340
let his silver uHxter keep A piaccfal p. to the ocean,
Caes. II. i. 2 the progress of the stars.
3 course or process (of action, &c.) H8 ii. iv. 173 7'
the p. of this bnsine.'is, v. iii. 32 in all the p. . . . of
my life and office.
pro'gress vb. (once in S.; not pre-Eliz.) : to move
along John v. ii. 46.
prohibit: occursonly once : used wrongly bv Dog-
berry Ado V. 1. 343 [335], ' ' '
project sb. : conception, idea, notion Ado iii. i. 55
She cannot . . . take no shape nor p. of affection, 2H4
I. iii. 29. [120.
pro'ject vb. (once) : to put forth, exhibit Ant. v. ii.
projection (once) : scheme, design H5 ii. iv. 46 of
a irnik and niggardly projection.
prolixious (only Eliz.) : tedious Meas. ii. iv. 163.
prologue sb. : one who speaks the prologue to a play
H5 Kilter Prologue (Ft).
prologue vb.: to introduce, preface AH'sW. ii. i. 95.
prolong' : to defer, put off Ado iv. i. 256, R3 in. iv.
45 Hire the day prolonged.
Promethean tire : fire stolen by the demigod
Prometheus irom Olympus and conveyed to men,
to whom he taught its use ; allusively applied to
that which inspii'es or infuses life LLL. iv. iii. 304,
351 ; so 0th. v. ii. 12 Promithean heat.
promise sb. : contextually, with vb. c/aiHJ = fulfil-
ment of a promise Gent. iv. iv. 94.
promise vb.: phr. / promise you {thee), 1 assure you,
I can tell you Wiv. iii. ii. 75, Ado iv. ii. 49/ do
not like thy look, I p. thee, AYL. i. ii. 149, E3 i. iv.
65 (Ff me thinkes), Lr. i. ii. 161 1 p. you tlie effects
he writes of succeed unhappily.
promised : engaged C';es. i. ii. 294.
prompt adj.: inclined, disposed Troil. iv. iv. SSfair
virtues alt, To which the O'recians are most p. and
pregnant.
prompt vb. (4 only S.)
1 to incite, move Tw.N. iii. iv. 154, Troil. iii. iii. 2,
Ham. II. ii. 621 [613] Prompted to my rivinge.
2 to inspire Tp. in. i. 82 p. me, plain and holy inno-
cence, LLL. IV. iii. 322.
3 to suggest (a thing to a person) Cor. in. ii. 54 the
matter which your lieart prompts you.
4 to remind Ado i. i. 314 [306] All p-iny me how fair
young Hero is.
prompted: ready Troil. v. ii. 172 my p. sword.
prorupture uiot pre-S.) : prompting Meas. ii. iv. 179.
promulg'ate : to publish 0th. i. ii. 21 (Qi pronilyate).
prone : read j', eager Cym. v. iv. 207, Lucr. 684. ^ In
Meas. I. ii. 194 p. and speechless is commonly taken
as a hendiadys - ' speechlessly prone ', speaking
eagerly without words.
pronounce: to deliver, declaim, recite Mer.V. i. ii.
II Good sentences emd well p-d, Ham. in. ii. 1 Spiak
the speech . . . as I p-d it to you, 328 (intr.). T] In
the sense of 'utter, declare, proclaim ' p. is used
with a variety of objects and constructions, some
of which are now obs. or at least archaic.
proof (4 Cf. WAR-PROOF)
1 test, trial, experiment Ado rv. i. 45, AYL. i. il.
186, 1H4 n. ii. 75 ice leave that to the p., Troil. i. ii.
140 stand to the p., Tim. ii. ii. 167 set me on the
p., Ham. IV. vii. \bi If this should blast in p., 0th.
V. i. 26 / will make proof of thine.
2 experience Ado n. i. 190 an accident of hourly p.,
Tw.N. in. i. 138 'tisa vulgar p., R3 ii.'iii. i-ibyp.,
H8 I. i. 197 in tliat very shape He shall appear in p.,
Ham. in. ii. 181, Cyiii. iii. iii. 27 Out of your p.
you speak.
3 issue, result, fulfilment Shr. iv. iii. 43 n/Z my pains
is sorted to no p. ( = comes to nothing), 2H4iv. iii.
98 come to any proof ( = turned out well).
4 proved or tested "strength of armour or arms,
inipiMotrahility Shr. n. i. 141 he thou arm'd . . .
— .1^, to the p. ( - so as to be proof against attack),
R2 I. iii. 73, Rom. l. i. 216 in strong p. of chastity
well arm'd. Ham. n. ii. 520 [512] Mars's armour,
forg'dfor p. eterne. Ant. iv. viii. 15 p. of harness.
propag^ation : increase Meas. i. ii. 160 for p. of a
doiv, r.
propend: to incline Troil. ii. ii. 190.
propension : inclination Troil. ii. ii. 133.
FBOFEB -
170
FBOVAND
proper (the mod. sense 'suitubie, betittiiig' occurs)
1 (one's or its) own Tp. ni. iii. 60 tuen hang ami
drown Tlieir p. selves, All'sW. iv. ii. 49 your oitii
p. wisdom, 2H4 v. ii. 109 my p. son, Ham. v. ii. 6(5
Illy proper life.
2 belonging distinctly or exclusively [to], peculiar
Meas. I. i. 30, v. i. Ill FuuUs p. to himself, H5 v.
Clior. 5 in their huge and p. life, CtCS. i. ii. 41.
3 excellent, capital, fine (ironically) Ado iv. i. 316,
2H6 I. i. 133 A p. jest, H8 i. i. 98, Mac. in. iv. 60
0 proper stuff.
4 honest, respectable All'sW. iv. iii. 240 a p. maid,
2H4 II. ii. 169 A proper gcntlenoniaii.
6 good-looking, handsome, elegant (t'req.) Tp. ll. ii.
61 As proper a wan as ever tiwnt on four legs.
6 as adv. = properly, appropriately Tim. i. ii. 108
what belter or p-cr can we call our own than the
riches of our friends ?.
proper- false : ' false-lioartcd but witli a goodly
exterior ' (Wright) Tw.N. ii. ii. 30.
properly :
1 for oneself Wint. ii. i. 169, Cor. v. ii. 90.
2 (to speak) in accordance with fact, strictly AYL.
I. i. 8, John II. i. 514.
propertied : possessed of qualities Ant. v. ii. 83
his voice iras propertied As all the tuned spheres.
property sb. (the most freq. sense is ' peculiar or
particular quality, peculiarity ')
1 ownership Plioen. 37* Either was the other's mine.
Properly was thus appall' d.
2 mere means to an end, tool Wiv. in. iv. 10 'tis a
itiiiii] impossible I should love thee but as a ]>., Cits.
IV. i'. 40.
property vb. :
1 to make a tool of Tw.N. iv. ii. 101, John v. ii. 79
to be properliid, To be a . . . serving-man.
2 to appropriate Tim. l. i. 58 his large fortune . . .
properties to his love , . . All sorts of hearts.
prophesy : to foreshow Lr. v. iii. 177.
prophet: omen, portent IH6111. ii. 32.
Propontic: Sea of Mannoia 0th. iii. iii. 457.
proportion sb. (6 ef. measure sb. 6, 8)
1 due relation of one thing or part to anotlior,
balaiic3, symmetry Wiv. v. v. 247 [235] Where
there was no p. held in love, H5 11. ii. 109 'gainst all
p., Troil. I. iii. 87 Insislure, course, p., season, form .
2 size 1H4 iv. iv. 15* Whose power teas in the first p.
( = of the first magnitude), 2H4 iv. i. 23*.
3 proportioning, proportionate adjustment Mac. i.
iv. 19* That the p. both of thanks and paiimcnl
Might have been mine ( = in my power to perform).
4 estimate of forces or supplies required for war,
(hence) the forces or supplies themselves H5i. ii.
137 lay down our p-sto defend Against the Scot, 304
let our p-s for these wars Be soon collected, 11. iv.45,
Ham. I. ii. 32.
5 configuration, form, shape Mer.V. iii. iv. 14 a
like p. Of lineaments, 2H6 i. iii. 57, R2 i. i. 18, Tit.
V. ii. 106.
6 metrical or musical rhythm Meas. i. ii. 23 in
iiidre 1 — In any p. or in any language, R2 v. v. 43
When time is broke and iio p. kept ; cf. Rom. 11.
iv. 23 He fights as yon sing prick-song, keeps time,
distance, and. proportion. [137.
proportion vl).: to bo in proportion to H5 iii. vi.
proportioned : [xv.] 5.
1 ailjustcd in due measure or relation Ant. iv. xiii.
2 assigned, allotted Lucr. 774 ji-'d course of time.
3 formed, fashioned Rom. iii. v. 184. [purpose).
propose sb. : purpose, intention Ado iii. i. 12 (Ff
propose vb. (3 is only S.)
1 to set before one's mind Troil. 11. ii. 146 ; ' to look
forward tu, be ready to meet ' (Schmidt) Tit. 11.
i. 80 a thousand deaths Would I p., to achieve her.
2 to imagine 2H4 v. ii. 92 make the case yours ; Be
now the father and propose a son.
3 to converse, discourse Ado in. i. 3 Proposing with
the prince and Claudio, 0th. I. i. 25.
proposer: one wlio propounds something for con-
sideration Ham. II. ii. 303.
proposition (both senses are rare outside S.)
1 offer Troil. i. iii. 3 I'he ample p. that hope makes
In all designs.
2 question AYL. in. ii. 247.
propriety (occurs twice only)
1 individuality, identity Tw.N. v. i. 151.
2 proper state or condition 0th. 11. iii. 178 Silence
that dreadful belt ; it friqlits the isle From her p.
propug-nation : defence Troil. n. ii. 136.
prorogue (tlie mod. use is not S.)
1 to prolong Ant. n. i. 26, Per. v. i. 26.
2 U> defer Rom. n. ii. 78, IV. i. 48.
prosecution : pursuit Ant. iv. xii. [xiv.] 65.
prospect (3 not pre-S.)
1 range or scope of vision Ado iv. i. 231 the eye and
prospect of his soul, John n. i. 208.
2 what is seen 2H6 in. ii. 324 Their chitfest p.
m urdcring basilisks.
3 ai)pearaiice, aspect 0th. in. iii. 399.
prosperous : propitious, favourable Wint. v. i. 161
A p. south wind, Tim. v. i. 188 the p. gods, 0th. i.
iii. 246 your prosperous ear (Ff ; Qq a gracious).
protect : to act as Protector of (a king) 2H6 1. i. 166,
II. iii. 29, R3 n. iii. 21. [ii. 182.
protes't sb. : protestation 1H4 in. i. 259, Troil. in.
protest vb.:
1 to assert publicly, proclaim Ado v. i. 152 I will p.
goiir coieaidice, 0th. IV. ii. 205 what I p. intend-
Hicid of doing.
2 to vow, promise MND.i.i.89 to p. Forage austerity
and single life, Tim. iv. iii. 440 since you p. to do't.
protestation: solemn declaration, affirmation, or
promise Gent. i. ii. 96, LLL. i. i. 33, All'sW. v. iii.
139 /u's many p-s to marry me, H5v. ii. 149, Troil.
IV. iv. 66.
protester : one who makes solemn declarations
Cics. I. ii. 74.
Protevis (2 or 3 syll.) : sea-go 1, fabled to assume
various shapes 3H6 in. ii. 192 ; hence the name of
the inconstant lover in Gent.
protract: to delay Cym. iv. ii. 232. [iii. 20.
protractive (not pre-S.) : long drawn out Troil. i.
proud (1 cf. mod. dial, sense of' glad ')
1 elated, gratified, pleased LLL. n. i. 17, R2 v. v.
84 So p. thill Bolinghrokc irason his back, Yen. 309
proud . . . to sie him woo her.
2 exalted, lofty Ado in. i. hi) nature never from' d a
woman's heart Of prouder stuff, H8 in. ii. 128 The
several parcels of ... his treamre . . . I find at .sxu-h
a proud rate.
3 magnificent, splendid LLL. I. i. 102 tvhy should
p. summer boast, Jolin in. iii. 34 the p. day, Troil.
I. iii. 380, Lr. in. iv. 82 p. array, Lucr. 1371,
Sonn. ii. 3, Ixxxvi. 1.
4 (of animals) spirited, high-mettled, vigorously or
fearlessly active Tit. n. ii. 21 the p-est panther in
the chase. Yen. 260 A breeding jennet, lusty, young,
and proud, 884 linn proud.
5 (ol waters) swelling, .swollen MND. 11. i. 91 Have
III ry pi lling river iniide sop.; (of plants)exuberant,
luxuriant li2 iii. iv. 50 over-proud with sup.
6 sensually excited, lascivious Lucr. 712 The Jlcsh
bcinii piuiid.
proudly: magnificently, splendidlv John 11. i. 70 ;
with force 2H4 v. ii. 130.
proud-pied: splendidly variegated Sonn. xcviii.
2 proiid-pidl April.
provand; pruvendcr Cor. 11. i. 270.
PROVE — 171
prove (1 the prevailing use in the 1611 Bible ; the
senses ' establish as true ', and ' turn out to be so-
and-so, come to be, become ' are fi'eq.)
1 to tiy, test 1H6 ii. ii. 68 / mean to p. (his lad/j's
coiirieny, Cym. i. v. 38 Which [driiija] first . . . she'll
p. on cats and doi/s ; with infin. Ven. 40 I'o tie the
rider she bei/ius to p.; with clause Ado i. iii. 75
Shall loe yo prove what's to be done?, Mer.V, ii. i. 7,
Ham. III. ii. 214.
2 to find out by experience John m. i. 2S give i/oii
cause to p. mi] saying true, 0th. iii. iii. 260 if I do
p. her haggard, v. i. 66, Lucr. 613 ; also in the
idiomatic conditional phr. prove (you) thal = U' you
discover Ado I. i. 260 [252J, 2H4 ii. iv. 303, Per.
IV. vi. 205.
3 to have experience of, to experience Ham. in. i.
47, Ant. I. ii. 35 You have seen and p-'d a fairer
former fortuHe,~'V(in. 597 All is imaginary she doth
prove, Soiin. cxxix. 11.
prover : one who tries or tests another Troil. ii. iii.
73 Why am I a fool} — Make that demand of the p.
(Ff to the Creator).
proverb'd: provided with a proverb Rom. i. iv. 37
/ am proverb'd with a grandstre phrase.
provide : [your going.
1 to prepare or make ready for Ant. in. iv. 36 )'.
2 lefi. to equip or prepare oneself AYL. i. iii. yu,
Hani. III. iii. 7 Therefore prepare yuu. . . .— We will
ourselves provide.
provided : prepared, ready Gent. i. iii. 72 / cannot
be so soon p., R3 in. i. 132 With . . . a sliarp p. wit.
providence : foresight, ' timely care ' (J.j Troil. in.
iii. rj7, Ham. iv. i. 17. [i. 314.
provincial : subject to a certain province Meas. v.
Provincial rose : rosette imitating the damask
I'o.se Hain. in. ii. 293 with two P. roses on my razid
shoes. 11 Cf. 'Rose dc Provence', the Prouiiice
Rose, the double Damasko Rose (Cotgr.) ; in
Geiarde's Herbal, 1597, called 'Rose prouincialis'.
provoke: to incite, urge, stimulate to action AYL.
I. iii. 113 Beauty p-lh thieves sooner tlian gold, R3 1.
ii. 99 Thou wast p-d by thy bloody mind, Sonn. 1. 9
The bloody spur cannot p. him on ; absol. John ir.
i. 246 no further enemy to you Than the constraint
(f hospitable zeal . . . p-s. 51 The senses ' call forth,
arouse (feeling)', and 'enrage, exasperate' arc
also common.
provost : officer diarged with the appreliension,
custody, and punishment of offenders Meas. i. ii.
124. &e.
provulg-ate (once) : to make public 0th. i. ii. 21
((■it ; Ff )iriiiHulgat().
prune : (of a bird) to preen (its feathers) 1H4 i. i.98,
Cym. V. iv. 118; (of a person) to trim, dress up LLL.
IV. iii. 183 see me . . . spend a minute's time In
pruning me (refl.).
psaltery (once) : stringed instrument resembling
the dulcimer, but played by plucking the strings
with the lingers or a plectrum Cor. v. iv. 53.
publican (once) : tax-gatherer Mer.V. r. iii. 42
fdirnitiii jinhUcan (the allusion is uncertain).
publication (once) : m.Tking a thing generally
known Troil. i. iii. 326.
publish.: to proclaim (a person) publicly as being
of a certain character Tw.N. ii. i. 30 ; (deprecia-
tively) to denounce Wint. ii. i. 97.
publish'd: publicly proclaimed Lr, iv. vi. 237 Dar'st
thou siijijiort a publish'd traitor?.
publisher : one who brings to light or makes pub-
lic Gent. III. i. 47 love of you . . . Hath made me p.
of this prettncc, Lucr. ii the p. Of that rich jewel.
Pucelle (in old edd. I'uzel. Puull, Pucelt] : maid ;
.loiin hi P., Joan of Arc ; in 1H6 1. iv. 101, l. vi. 3 old
cdd. have the confused form Ioan{c) de Puzel.
- PUBCHASE
Puck: goblin or sprite otherwise called Robin Good-
fellow MND. II. i. 40, &c. Tl The earlier form was
' Pouke ' ; the S. text is the earliest evidence for
the mod. form.
pudder : see pother.
puddi>ngf : stuffing for a roasted animal 1H4 ii. iv.
505 [498]. Tl An extension of the orig. meaning
of the word = ' mixture of meat, herbs, &c. stuHed
into an animal's stomach or intestine ', which
survives in ' black pudding ' ; cf. Wiv. u. i. 32 o»'
sure as his guts are made of puddings.
puddle: to sully the purity of 0th. in. iv. 142.
pudency (not pie-S.) : modesty Cym. n. v. 11.
pugging" : (?) thieving, thievish Wint. iv. ii. [iii.]
7 The white sheet bleaching on the hedge . . . Both set
my p. tooth on edge. ^ (?) An old canting word ;
cf. ' puggard ' = thief, in Middleton ' Roaring
Girl ' v. i.
puisny : petty, paltry AYL. in. iv. 44.
puissance (metrically 2 syll. pui'ssance, or 3 syll.
pa'issance ; 2 the commoner S. sense, not post-
S.)
1 power, strength H5 m. Chor. 21, 2H6 iv. ii. 177.
2 armed force John in. i. 339 Cousin, go draw our
pu'issance together, H5 n. ii. 190 let us deliver Our
pu'issance into the hand of Uod.
pui'ssant (always 2 syll.) : powerful, strong H5 i.
ii. 116, Lr. v. iii. 218.
puke sb. : superior kind of woollen cloth 1H4 ii. iv.
79 puke-slocking.
puke vl). (not i3re-S.) : to vomit AYL. ii. vii. 144 the
infant, Mtiiling and puking.
pull : to pluck oiit (feathers) 1H6 in. iii. 7 We'll pull
his pliniKs; pull down, 'bring low', liumole,
hiiniiliatc 2H6 i. i. 260 Whose bookish rule hath
pull' d fair England down, 0th. ii. iii. 99 'Tis pride
that pulls the country down ; pull in, rein in,
check Mac. v. v. 42 I pull in resulittion.
pulpit: applied to the rostra in the Forum of
ancient Rome, Caes. in. i. 80, &c.
pulpitert (Spedding) : preacher AYL. in. ii. 164 0
iiiost gailli pulpitir {Ft Jupiter).
pulsidge : blunder for ' pulse ' 2H4 n. iv. 25.
pumpion : pumpkin Wiv. in. iii. 43.
pun : early form of ' pound ' vb. Troil. ii. i. 42 He
would pun thee into shivers with his fist.
punk : strumpet, harlot Wiv. ii. ii. 143.
punto : stroke or thrust with tlie point of the sword
Wiv. n. iii. 26; p. reterso, back-handed thrust
Rom. n. iv. 28.
puppy-headed : stupid Tp. n. ii. 168 [159].
purblind (2 occurs in a 13th cent, catalogue of iianiea
of the hare)
1 quite blind LLL. in. i. 189 [181] This . . . p., way-
ward boy . . . Dan Cupid, Wint. l. ii. 228 to this
business p., Troil. i. ii. 31 «... p. Argus, all eyes
and no sight (Q), Rom. n. i. 12 (of Cupid).
2 partially blind, dimsighted 1H6 ii. iv. 21 any p.
eye, Ven. 679 the purblind hare.
purblinded: = PURBLIND 1, Troil. i. ii. 31 (Ff).
purchase sb. :
1 obtaining, acquisition John in. i. 205 p. of a heavy
cu rse from Home, Per. i. ii. 72 / sought the p. of (t
gloniius btaiily.
2 spoil, booty 1H4 ll. i. 101 a share in our p. {Ff pur-
pose), H5 III. ii. 46, R3 lii. vii. 186 Made prize and
purchase of his wanton eye.
3 after fourteen years p., lit. at a price equivalent
to fourteen years' annual rent, i.e. (app.) at a very
high price Tw.N. iv. i. 24.
purchase vb. (3 properly a legal term)
1 to exert oneself, strive Tim. ni. 'n. hi* that I should
p. the day before for a little part, and undo a great
deal of honour.
PURCHASING —
172
- PUT DOWN
2 to acquire, obtain, gaiuTp. iv. i. liusmyyiftand
thine oivn ucquisitiun Worthily p-'d, LLL. iii. i. 28
How hast thou p-d this experience?, R2 i. iii. 282 /
sent thee forth top. honour, Tit. ii. iii. 275 Do this,
and p. us thy . . .friends, Cym. il. iii. "di purcUasititj
hilt trouble.
3 to acquire otherwise tlian by inheritance or de-
scent 2H4: IV. V. 198 what in me wasp-'d, Falls upon
tint in a more fairer sort. Ant. I. iv. 14 His faults
. . . hi riilitarij Rather than purchased.
pvirchasing' : deserved acquisition Cor. ii. i. 157 ;
cf. A.lo III. i. 70.
pure adv.: merely, simply Tw.N. v. i. 87.
piirely : (a) so as to be pure, (1j) absolutely Troll, iv.
v. litS' faith andiroth. Strain' d p. from all hollow
hiiis-ilniiriiif/.
piirg'ation : clearing from the accusation or sus-
picion ol guilt AYL. I. iii. 56, Wint. in. ii. 7 Jurn
to the guilt or the p., H8v. iii. 152 /or histrialAud
fair p. to the world ; phr. put to one's p. AYL. v.
iv. 45 (' let liim give me the opportunity of proving
the truth of what I have said', Wright); with
play on the sense 'purging by evacuation of ex-
crement ' Ham. III. ii. '623 for me to put him to his
p. irould pcrliaps plunge liim into far morecholer.
purge sb. (once) : purgation Mac. v. ii. 28.
purge vb. (used ircely of lit. and fig. cleansing,
clearing, or purifying, but esp. with ref. to
purging of the bowels or expelling of 'humours',
c. g. choler, melanelioly) [thick amber.
1 to discharge Ham. li. ii. 203 their eyes purging
2 to be restored to Estate of activity (asby medicinal
purgation) Ant. i. iii. 53 quietness, groien sick of
rest, would purge By any desperate change.
purl (once) : to flow with whirling motion ; said of
breath Luer. 1407. [AYL. iv. iii. 78.
purlieu : tract of land on the border of a lorcst
purple : as a poetical epithet to describe the colour
of blood (properly said of the crimson venous
blood, the arterial blood being scarlet) K2 in. iii.
94, Rom. I. i. 91 p. fountains issuing from your
?f/)).s Yen. 1054, Lucr. 1734. ' [158.
purpled : blood-stained John ii. i. 322, Ctes. iii. i.
piirples: see loxg purples.
purpo'rt: meaning Ham. ii. i. 82.
purpose sb. (phr. on p. is not pre-S. . the older phr.
of p. also occurs, e.g. H8 v. ii. 13)
1 used with vb. of motion implied MND. iv. i. 167
this their p. hither, to this wood, 1H4 i. i. 102 Our
holy purpose to Jerusalem.
2 proposition, proposal 1H4 iv. iii. Ill in the morn-
ing early shall my uncle Bring him ourp-s, 1H6 v. i.
36, Cor. II. ii. 157, Ant. ii. vi. 4 Our writteti p-s.
3 discourse, conversation Ado ni. i. 12 There will
she liide her, To listen our purpose (Q propose).
4 import, effect, meaning Mcas. ii. iv. 149 3Iy words
express my p., Troil. i. iii. 204 lie bade me . . . to
this purpose speak.
6 phr. to such a p., with such an end in view, with
regard to tliis Wiv. ii. ii. 226, Meas. i. ii. 84 ; cf.
Cyni. IV. ii. 345 of this irar's p., with jogard to
this war ; to any p., of any imjiortaiice A(lo v. iv.
107.
purpose vb. (1 common about 1460-1640)
1 with vb. of motion implied (cf. purpose sb.l) Ant.
IK. i. 35 He piirposttli to Athens.
2 pass, to be (so) resolved lir. ii. iv. 296 So am I p-d.
purse: to pocket Mer.V. i. iii. 175 I will go and p.
Ilie duciils ; fig. to take possession of Ant. ii. ii.
195 she pursed up his heart.
purse-bearer: one who has charge of another's
money Tw.N. in. iii. 47.
purse-taking: robbin'z of purses on the liighwav
1114 ]. ii. 115.
pursue (obs. or arch, uses are)
1 to follow with hostility, jiersecute Vi'iv. iv. ii.
225 May we ... p. him with any further revenge?,
Troil. iv. v. 69 will you the knights Shall to the
edge of all extremity Pursue each other?.
2 to punish Meas. v. i. \\i) pursue Faults.
3 to follow as an attendant or suppliant (lit. and
fig.) Tw.N. V. i. 392, R2 ii. iii. 69 your love p-s A
hanish'd traitor, Troil. v. iii. 10 P. ice him on kncis.
Ham. iir. ii. 231 Both here and hciiri p. uu histimj
strife. Ant. in. X. [^'n.yib FnrtaiK imrsn, /Im .'.
4 toensue R3ir. iii. 43 (Ff) mistrust J'ursii nig dmigcr
(Qq Fusuing).
5 to proceed with Mer.V. iv. i. 299 j). sentence, Ham.
I. v. 84 pursu'st this act. Ant. v. ii. 356.
pursuivant : one of the junior officers attendant
on the lirralds R3 ni. iv. 87, v. iii. 59 a p. at arms; ,
fig. messenger 1116 ii. v. 5 these gray locks, the p-s
of death.
pursy : short-winded Tim. v. iv. 12 ; fat, corpulent
(fig.) Ham. iir. iv.1.53 in the fatness of these p. limes.
purveyor : domestic officer who provi.led lodging
and necessaries in advance for a great personage
Mac. I. vi. 22.
pushsb.:
1 attack, onset C.xs.v.ii. 5 ; \^hi: stand the p. of, w'dh-
stand the attack of, face, meet 1H4 in. ii. 66, 2H4
IF. ii. 42, Troil. n. ii. 137. [iii. 129.
2 effort, attempt Mac. v. iii. 20 ; impulse AVint. V.
3 put to the present p., put to immediate trial Ham.
V. i. 317.
push. vb. : to thrust with a weapon H5 ii. i. 103 push
home (see home adv. 2).
push-pin: child's game in which each player
pushes his pin with the object of crossing that
of another player LLL. iv. iii. 169.
put (used with a great variety of implication de-
pending largely upon the object of the vb. and
the construction employed ; the foil, are some of
tlie uses now unfamiliar)
1 to thrust (a weapon) home 0th. v. i. 2.
2 to stake (something) on Cym. i. iv. 138 Would I
had put my estate ... on the approbation of ivhat
I have spoke.
3 to foist (a trick) iipon a person Tp. ii. ii. 61 Do
you put tricks upon us ?, All'sW. iv. v. 64.
4 to pass off (news, unwelcome speech) upon a per-
son, communicate or impart Meas. ii. 11.133, AYL.
I. ii. 100, Tw.N. V. 1. 71 put strange speech upon
me, Ham. i. Hi. 94.
5 to lay the guilt or blame of (something) on a per-
son, Impute ^Mac. I. vii.70, ii. iv.26, Ham. ii. 1.19.
6 to urge or incite to do something Cor. n. i. 275 If
he be put upon't, Lr. ii. i. 101 "Tis they have put
him on the old man's death.
7 to oblige, compel, force Meas. i. i. 5, 2H6 iii. i. 43
had I first been put to speak my mind, Cym. ii. 111.
110 You put me to forget u lady's manners.
8 to assert, affirm Tim. v. 1. l'J8 ^l*' common bruit
doth put it.
put apart or away, send away, dismiss, get rid of
>Vint. ir. ii. 14 Tn put apart these your attendants,
2116 ni. i. 383, Rom. u. w.'lW Twomnykvi pcnaiisil,
putting one away, Lr. i. iv. 213 ; put back, re-
pulse,'reject 3Ht) v. V. 80, Troil. iv. iv. 34, Tim. n,
ii. 140 When my indisposition put you bark, Lucr.
843 ditmiiui from //(it, / could not put him back;
put by, (1) thrust aside Ca'S. i. ii. '220 ; (2) de-
sist from, give up R3 in. vii. 182, 01 h. ii. iii. 174
put by this barbarous brawl ; put down, (1)
al)oli.sii Meas. in. ii. 113/;// eating and drinking he
put down ; (_') depose from office 2116 iv. ii! 39
nispind with till spirit of palling down kings
and princes, 3116 i. 1. 200 to put me down and reign
PUT FORTH
173
- QUEASINESS
i.'ii/scif ; (o) take down, snub, put to silence LLL.
IV. i. 145, Tw.N. I. V. 80 1 saw linn put down . . . ici/k
«)( oydinari/fool, 1H4 ir. iv. 285 ; (4) subdue, ovei-
tlirow Jolin'il. i. 346, 2H6 iv. iv. 40 ; (5) make away
witli, destroy AViv. ii. i. 30, 1H4 i. iii. 175 To /nit
down liichard, that sireet lovely rose ; put forth,
(1) extend (one's hand) H5 i. ii. 292, 2H6 i. ii. 11 :
(2) send out Gent. i. iii. 7; (3) lend out (money)
Sonn. cxxxiv. 10 Tlimi usurer, itxil putt'si forth
(dl to use ; put in, (1) advance one's claim Tim.
III. iv. 86 ; (2) plead, intercede /or Meas. i. ii. 108 ;
(3) cuter the harbour 0th. ii. "i. C5 ; put oS, (1)
dismiss from one's mind or thought Tp. iii. iii.
7 I It ill put off my hope, Wiv. ll. i. 2'i2 put off' my
opinion ; (2) set aside (scornfully) All'sW. ii. ii. 7 ;
(3) dismiss from service or employment H8 i. ii.
32 The clothiers^fill, not able to iimintain The many
to them lonying, Itaee put off The spinsters . . ., ii.
iv. 19 ; (4) avert Per. i. i. 140 ; (5) refuse (an in-
vitation) Tim. III. vi. 12 ; (6) postpone, defer
All'sAV. II. iv. 45 ; (7) refer (a person) to a later
time for payment of debts Tim. ii. ii. 19 ; put on,
(1) 'lay on, as a blow' (Schmidt) LLL. iv. i. 119
Finely put on, indeed ! ; (2) set to work, or to per-
form an office Mac. iv. iii. 238, Ham. iv. vii. 131,
V. ii. 411 ; (3) assume AYL. v. iv. 188 hath put on
a reliyious life. Ham. i. v. 172 ; (4) urge forward,
incite, impel Meas. iv. ii. 120, Coi". ii. iii. 260,
0th. It. i. 316 ; (5) encourage tlie performance of
(an evil deed), promote (an evil state of things)
Ham. III. i. 2, v. ii. 'i^Jl deaths put on, Lr. i. iv. 230
That you protect this course, and put it on By your
allowance, 0th. ll. iii. 360 When devils loill the
blackest sins put on, Cym. v. i. 9 ; put out, exer-
cise, exert Koiu. iv. v. I2b put out your wit ; put
over, transfer John i. i. 62; put to, -yo to it
(2) Wint. I. ii. 277 ; put to it, force (one) to do
one's utmost, (hence) reduce to straits, drive to
extremities Meas. in. ii. 103, AU'sW. ii. ii. 53,
III. vi. 1, AVint. I. ii. 16 We are toiiyher . . . Than you
can put us to't, 0th. ii. i. 118 ; put up, ' pocket ',
submit to, suffer quietly Tit. i. i. 433, Oth.i v.ii.181.
putter-on : instigator Wint. ii. i. 140 Yon are
(ibus'd,andby some p., ¥18 i.ii.24:p.O/ these exactions.
putter-out: one who invests money at interest
Tp. III. iii. 48 ; see the comm.
puttock : bird of prey of the kite kind 2H6 ui. ii.
191, Troil. V. i. 68, Cym. i. i. 140.
pu'zzel: drab, slut lH6i.iv.l07 (Fi, Puzelor Pussel).
puzzle : to bewilder Tw.N. iv. ii. 49 more p-d than
the Egyptians in their fog.
pyramis : pyramid 1H6 i. vi. 21 ; pi. pyramises
Ant. 11. vii. 40, pyru'midcs v. ii. 61.
Q
Q, Qu : old spellings oi cue.
quail sli.: <ourtesan Troil. v. i. 57.
quail vl). : to overpower Ant. v. ii. 85 to q. and shalce
Ih, orb ; intr. M ND. v. i. 294 Q., crush and i/uill.
quaint (often difficult to determine exact meaning)
1 skilled, clever Slir. in. ii. 150 Theq. musician, 2H.6
in. ii. 274 lioiv quaint an orator.
2 pretty, fine, dainty Ado iii. iv. 22 a jfine, q. . . .
'fashion, MXD. ii. i. 99 the q. mazes, li. ii. 7 (?).
3 (of appearance, dress) beau tiful,liandsome,elegant
Tp. I. ii. 317 My q. Ariel, Wiv. iv. vi. 41 q. in yricn,
Slir. IV. iii. 102 «... gown. More quaint.
4 carefully or ingeniously elaborated Mer.V. in. iv.
09 quaint lies, 1H6 iv. i. 102 forged quaint conceit.
quaintly :
1 skilfully, cleverly, ingeniously Gent. in. i. 117 a
ladder q. made of cords, 3H6ii. v. 24, Ham. ii. i. 31.
2 elegantly, daintily Gent. ii. i. 133 q. writ, Mer.V.
II. iv. 6 'I'is vile, unless it may be quaintlg ordtr'd.
quak'd : agitated Cor. l. ix. Hfriyhted. . . And. . . q.
qualification (once) : (a) mitigation, appeasement,
(b) condition 0th. li. i. 284.*
qualified: so q., of sucli qualities Slir. iv. v. 66,
Wint. II. i. 112 ; q. in, fit or competent for Lr. i.
iv. 37. ^ See also constant-qualified.
qualify (1 very common 16tli-17th cent, sense, with
a gieat variety of objects)
1 to moderate, mitigate Meas. i. i. 65, John v. i 13
Lr. I. ii. 182, Lucr. 424.
2 to appease, pacify Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 545 I'our
discontenting father strive to qualify,
3 to control, regulate Troil. ii. ii. 118*.
4 to dilute 0th. ii. iii. 41 one cup . . . qualified. [113.
5 to abate, diminish (something good) Ham. iv. vii.
quality (the commonest sense is ' character, dis-
position, nature ' of person or things)
1 good natural gifts Troil. iv. iv. 76* The Grecian
youths are full of quality.
2 accomplishment, attainment Gent. in. i. 272 She
hath more qualities than a water-spaniel, Tim. i. i.
126 / hate bred her ...In qualities of the best. Per.
IV. ii. 50.
3 rank, position All'sW. I. iii. 120 only where quali-
ties were level, 2H4 iv. i. 11, Lr. v. iii. 122 ; high
rank H5 rv. viii. 95, Lr. v. iii. 111.
4 profession, occupation, business Gent. iv. i. 58,
Meas. II. i. 60 what q. are they of?, H5 in. vi. 149,
Ham. II. ii. 371 [363], 461 [452]* give us a taste of
your quality.
5 party, side (S.) 1H4 rv. iii. 36.
6 manner, style (S.) Mer.V. in. ii. 6 Hate counsels
not in such a qiwlity, H8 i. ii. 84, Lr. ii. iv. 139.
7 nature, with reference to origin, (hence) cause,
occasion Troil. iv. i. 44 the whole q. wherefore, Tim.
III. vi. 118 the quality of Lord Timon'sfury.
quantity (1 sec hold vb. 2).
1 proportion MND. i. i. 232 holding no q., Ham. in.
ii. 179 women s fear and love hold quantity.
2 fragment Shr. iv. iii. 112 thou q., thou remnant,
John v. iv. 23 Retaining but a q. of life, 2H4 v. i.
69 If I were sawed into quantities.
quarrel sb. (2 used also by Bacon)
1 have a q. to, have a difference with Ado ii. i. 245,
Cor. IV. V. 133. [and offence.
2 quarrelsomeness 0th. ii. iii. 53 as full of quarrel
3 (?) abstract for concrete = quaiTeIIe'r (J.) H8 ii. iii.
14* that quarrel, Fortune.
quarrel vb.: to be at variance with Tp. in. i. 45,
Mer.V. in. V. 61 ('cavilling on every opportunity').
quarrellous (once) : (juarrelsome Cym. in. iv. 162.
quarry : heap made of the deer killed at a hunt
Mac. IV. iii. 206 ; heap of dead men Cor. i. i. 204,
Ham. V. ii. 378.
qtiarter sb. :
1 part of an army or camp 1H6 n. i. 63 Had alt your
q-s been so safely kept, 68 Within her q. ; soldiers'
lodging All'sW. iii. vi. 69, Tim. v. iv. 60.
2 lid p good q., keep good watch John v. v. 20.
3 hail quarter, occupy positions Ant. iv. iii. 21.
4 I.I I ji fair q., be on good terms Err. n. i. 108 ; in q.,
on terms 0th. n. iii. 182.
quartered :
1 slaughtered Cor. i. i. 205, Cks. hi. i. 268.
2 belonging to military quarters Cym. iv. iv. 18
their quarter'd fires.
quartering: slaughtering 1H6 iv. ii. 11 q. .steel.
quat: pimple, pustule ; applied contemptuously to
a youiii; person Otli. v. i. 11.
quatcli: (?) squat All'sW. n. ii. W quatch buttock.
quean: jade, hussy Wiv. iv. ii. 184, 2H4 ii. i. 53.
queasiness: squeauiishness 2H4 i. i. 196.
QUEASY — 1
queasy (1 a rare use)
1 liazardous Lr. ll. i. 19 a queasy queslion. [stomach.
2 inclined to nausea, squeamish Ado ii. i. 402 liis q.
3 q, nitlt, disgusted with Ant. iii. vl. 20.
quell sb.: murdei-Mae. I. vii. 72.
quell vb.: to slay (intr.) MND. v. i. 294.
quench (tlie chief use is ' put out light or fire ")
1 to suppress a feeling in (a j)erson) Cym. v. v. 196
Bmiij thus aucHch'd Of hope.
2 intr. to cool down Cyni. i. v. 47.
quern: hand-mill MND. it. i. 36.
quest (2 occurs once ; 3 only S.)
1 body of persons appointed to hold an inquiry K3
I. iv. l'J3 yVlidt laiffitl q. lime yivin their ncrdict up,
Ham. V. i. 2'i croiiuer's qiicst l((io, Sonn. xlvi. 10.
2 inquiry, investigation Meas. iv. i. 63. [i. ii. 46.
3 person or body of persons sent out to seaixh 0th.
qnestant (S.) : seeker AU'sW. ii. i. 16.
question sb. (2 cf. question vb. 2)
1 plir. inq., (i) under judicial examination, on trial
Ado iir. iii. 190 A coiniiwditi/ in q. (? quibble on the
meaning ' in demand '), Wint. v. i. 198, 2H4 i. ii.
67 Be that was in q. for the robbery ; (ii) under con-
sideration, to be considered Meas. i. i. 46 Thoui/h
first in question, H5 i. i. 5, Cym. I. i. 34 besides this
(jeHtlenian in question.
call in q., (i) inquire into, examine, consider AYL.
V. ii. 6 Neither call the giddiness of it in q. , Troil. 1 1 r.
ii. 58, Rom. l. i. 235, Cses. iv. iii. 164 call in q. oar
necessities. Ham. iv. v. 217 ; (ii) i-aise doubts con-
cerning Tw.N. I. iv. &you call inq. the continuance
of his love, Troil. iv. iv. 84.
The foil, are all used = without doubt, no doubt :—
no q. Meas. iii. ii. 150, 2H6 iv. ii. 64, 0th. iv. iii.
(ii;ontofq. Adoil. i. 348,H5v. i. 4S; pasiq.Tw.y.
I. iii. 106 ; sans q. LLL. V. i. 93 ; in contempt of q.
Tw.X. II. V. 99.
2 talk, conversation AYL. III. iv. 37 /. . . had much q.
liith him, 2H4 I. i. 48 Stuyiny no lonyer q., Ham. lii.
i. 13 Xifjijard of question, 0th. I. iii. 113.
3 (?) trial 0th. i. iii. 23* ivith more facile question.
question vb. (2 cf. question sb. 2)
1 to inquire into H5 ii. iv. 142.
2 to debate, talk, converse Wiv. iii. i. 78, Cym. ir.
iv. 52 to q. further, Lucr. 122 he q-ed With . . . Ln-
crice ; also, perhaps, trans, to talk to 1H4 l. iii. 47,
Ham. I. i. 45 Question it (Qq Speake to it).
questionable: inviting question or conversation
Ham. I. iv. 43 Thou com'st in such a q. shape.
questrist (S.) : one who goes in quest Lr. iii. vii. 17.
quick lobs. or arch, meanings are)
1 livinj;, alive Wiv. in. iv. 90, H5 ii. ii. 79 The mercy
that iras a. in us . . . is . . . kill'd, Tim. IV. iii. 44,
Ham. V. 1. 136.
2 =' quick^with child ' LLL. v. ii. 680, 685.
3 (of springs) running, flowing Tp. in. ii. 77 Where
the quick freshes are.
4 (of air) sharp, piercing Per. w. i. 27.
5 hasty, impatient LLL. ii. i. 117, R3 iv. iv. 362
i'lmr reasons are too shallow and too quick.
quicken (arch, meanings are)
1 to make alive Tp. in. i. 6, All'sW. ii. i. 77, Ant.
I. iii. 69; to become living Meas. v. i. 490, 0th. iii.
iii. 277, Ant. iv. xiii. [xv.] 39.
2 to enliven, stimulate, refresh Mer.V. ii, viii. 52,
Shr. I. i. 36, R3 iv. iv. 124.
quiddit, quiddity : subtlety, quibble Ham. v. i.
105 (Ftqaiddils ; Qq quiddities) ; 1H4 I. ii. 51.
quiet: out of quiet, disquieted Tw.N. ii. iii. 145.
quietus (2 not pre-S.)
1 discharge, acquittance Sonn. rxxvi. 12.
2 discharge or release from iile Ham. in. i. lb his '/.
make With a bare bodkin.
quill : tn the 7., in a body 2H6 i. iii. 4 '. ■; Of doubt-
4 - QUOTE
ful etymology, but at any rate distinct from the
quill of a bird (Lucr. 949) or of a porcupine (Ham.
I. v. 2U).
quillet (not pre-S.) : verbal nicety or subtle distinc-
tion (always pi.) LLL, iv. iii. 288, 1H6 11. iv. 17
these it,ice sharp q-s of the law, Ham. v. i. 106 his
quiddities . . ., his quillets.
quilt : humorously applied to a fat person (Falstaft")
1H4 IV. ii. 55.
quintain : stout post or plank or some object
mounted on such a support, set up as a mark to
be tilted at (used tig.) AYL. I. ii. 268 a q., a mere
lift less block.
qui'ntessence : lit. the ' fifth essence ' of ancient
and mediaeval philosophy, supposed to be the
substance of which the "heavenly bodies were
composed, and to be actually latent in all things ;
(hence) pure essence or extract, essential part (of
a thing) AYL. 111. ii. 148, Ham. 11. ii. 328 [321].
quip: sharp or sarcastic remark Gent. iv. ii. 12,
1H4 I. ii. 51. ^ In common use circa 1530-1650;
revived in the 19th cent.
quire sb.: company MND. 11. i. 65. [ii. 113.
quire vb. : to make music Mer.V. v. i. 62, Cor. in.
quirk (4 peculiar to S.)
1 verbal subtlety, quibble Per. iv. vi. 8*.
2 clever or witty conceit Ado n. iii. 256 [245] odd q-s
and remnants of wit, Otli. 11. i. 63.
3 trick orpeculiarity of behaviour Tw.N. in. iv. 271
a man of that quirk. ['jrief.
4 fit, sudden stroke AH'sW. in. ii. 51* q-s of joy and
quit adj.: quits Shr. iii. i. 93 Hortensio will be q. with
thee ; — q. of, revenged upon. Cor. iv. v. 89 To befall
q. of those my banishers. ^ ' Quits ' is not S.
quit vb. (tlie sense ' leave ' also occurs ; the older
form quite occurs in R2 v. i. 43 Qq 1-4, Rom. 11. iv.
206 Ff, Per. in. ii. 18 Qq)
1 to set free Tw.N. v. i. 333 Your master quits ijou.
2 to lid (one 0/ a thing) H5 111. v. 47, 2H6 in. ii. 218
Quitting thee . . . of ten thousand shames, H8 v. i. 70.
3 to prove innoceni, clear, acquit, absolve AYL. iir.
i. 11, AII'sW. v. iii. 304 here I q. him, 1H4 in. ii.
19, H5 II. ii. 166 God quit you in his mercy.
4 refl. to acquit oneself in action Lr. ii. i. 32.
5 to play (one's part) Meas. n. iv. 29.
6 to remit (a penalty, &c.) Mer.V. iv. i. 382,
7 to make a return, repay, reward, requite Meas.
V. i. 412, R2 V. i. 43, H5 in. ii. 114. Rom. 11. iv. 206,
Ham. V. ii. 68, 283, Lr. in. vii. 87.
8 refl. to be quits (with) Ado i v. i. 202 Toq. me of them.
9 to pay or clear off Err. i. i. 22 a thousand' nuirks
. . . To quit the penalty.
quittal : requital Lucr. 236.
quittance sb.:
1 discharge from debt "Wiv. i. i. 10, AYL. in. v. 133.
2 return, requital 2H4 i. i. 108, Ho 11. ii. 34, Tim. i.
i. 291.
quittance vb.: to requite 1H6 ii. i. 14.
quiver : active, nimble 2H4 in. ii. 304.
quoit : to throw 2H4 11. iv. 205.
quondam : this q. day, the other day LLL. v. i. 7.
quote lold edd. also coat{e, cote)
1 to jifive the reference to (a passage in a book) ;
only fig. to indicate LLL. n. i. 244 His face's own
mari/ent did quote such amazes.
2 to set down as in writing John iv. ii. 222 A fellow
. . . Quoted . , . to do a deed of shame.
3 to notice, observe, mark Gent. 11. iv. 18, 19, Troil.
IV. V. 232, Tit. IV. i. 60 note how she q-s the leaies,
Kom. I. iv. 31, Ham. 11. i. 112, Lucr. 812 the illiterate
. . . Will quote my loathsome trespass in my looks.
4 to regard or .-^et down as being so-and-so LLL. iv.
iii. 87, v. ii. 794, AUsW. v. iii. 207 he's q-dfor a
most perfidious slate.
QUOTH— 175
quoth : said ; used witli nouns, or pronouns of the
1st and 3rd persons, to indicate that the words of
a speaker are being repeated (freq.) ; also witli a
pronoun of the 2nd person with the same foice
as QL'OTHA LLL. iv. iii. 221 'Did they', quoth you 1.
quotha : =said he ? (see a'), used with contemptu-
ous or sarcastic force in repeating something
said by another Wiv. ii. i. 141, Per. ii. i. 83.
1i In Kom. II. iv. 127 old edd. quatha ; in Per. ii.
i. Si ke-tha, a dial, form current in the 17th cent.
quotidian : epithet of an intermittent fever re-
curring every day AYL. in. ii. 389 (fig.) the q. of
loce ; nonsensically in H5 ii. i. 124 a burning q.
ttrlian.
■ BANKIiE
R
rabato: see eebato.
rabbit-sucker: very young rabbit 1H4 ii. iv. 486.
race sb.': course (of time) John iii. iii. 39.
race sb.- (2 peculiar to S.)
1 herd or stud (of horses) Mer.V.v.i. 72 a . . . ivunton
herd, Or race of . . . colts.
2 natural or inherited disposition Tp. i. ii. 358,
Meas. II. iv. 161 / give my sennual race the rein,
Ant. 1. iii. 37* arace of Iteaveti.
race sb.': root (of ginger) Wint. iv. ii. [iii.] 61,
1H4 II. i. 27 (old edd. razes).
race vb. [variant of ease, kaze in common use
circa 1400-1650] : to make away with Tit. i. i.
451 to massacre them all, And r. their faction, Cym.
V. V. 70 that [tribute] The Britons have r-'d out :
mod. edd. vasal.
raced: cut, slashed Ham. iii. ii. 293 on mij r. shoes
(Ff rac'd, Qq raid).
rack sb.: mass of cloud driven before the wind in
the upper air Hani. ii. ii. 514 [505] as we often see,
at/ainst some storm . . . the rack stand still, Ant. iv.
xii. [xiv.] 10. ^ In Tp. iv. i. 156 Leave not a nick
behind, prob. blended with ' wrack '.
rack vb. :
1 to stretch or strain beyond the normal extent
Ado IV. i. 222 we rack the value, LLL. v. ii. 826
your sins are lack'd (=extended to their fullest),
iVIer.V. I. i. 182 my credit , . . shall be rack'd . . .
to the uttermost,
2 (?) to strain oneself, make exhausting efforts
Cor. V. i. 16 (old odd. wractd).
3 to distort Meas. iv. i. 66 thousand escapes of nit
. . . rack thee in their fancies .'.
racker : (apj).) tormentor, ' murderer' LLL. v. i. 21
.•^iiili riickirs of orlhoi/raiiliy.
racking: driving3H6'n.i. 27 »-.c?ou(is. ^Cf.RACKsb.
raddock: see ruddock.
ragf (1 in old cant = farthing)
1 ' scrap ' (of money) Err. iv. iv. 88.
2 applied in contempt to a person Wiv. rv. ii. 198
you witch, you ran, you baf/yage (Ff3 4 hag), Shr. iv.
iii. 112, 113 V. iii. 329 these oitrweening rugs of
France, Tim. iv. iii. 272.
rag'amuffin (old edd. rag of Muffin, 3Iuffian) : 1H4
V. iii. 37. ^ App. orig. tlie name of a demon.
rag°e sb. (the sense of ' violent anger, furious
passion ' is the commonest)
1 madness, insanity Err. iv. iii. 88, v. i. 48, Lr. iv.
■N'ii. 78 the great rage. You see. is kiU'd in him.
2 angiy or savage disposition Mer.V.v.i. 81 4<ofte/(,
hard, and full of r., 1H4 in. i. 183 harsh r., Defect
of manners.
3 violent passion or appetite 2H4 iv. iv. 63 rage and
hot blood, Lucr. 424, 468 ; sexual passion Ham.
III. iii. 89.
4 poetic entliusiasm Sonn. xvii. 11 So should . . .
your true rights be terin'd a poet's rage.
5 warlike ardour, impetuosity, or fury John ii. i.
265 sImU we give the signal to our rage, R2 ii. iv. 14
to enjoy by r. and war, 1H4 l. iii. 31, H5 in. i. 8,
Lucr. 145 in fell battle's rage.
rage vb. (2 cf. rage sb. 5)
1 to behave wantonly or riotously Ado iv. i. 61 r.
in savage sensuality, R3 in. v. 82 /i(.s- raging eye
(Qq lustful), 0th. I. iii. 335, Compl. 160.
2 to act with fury or vehemence 3H6 ii. iii. 26 whiles
the foe doth rage.
3 to enrage li2 n. i. 70, 174.
raggfed-staff : staff with projecting stumps or
knobs 2H6 v. i. 203.
rag'ingf-wood : raving mad 1H6 iv. vii. 35.
rainy : done in the rain 115 iv. iii. Ill r. marching.
raise : to originate (a rumour) Cor. iv. vi. 61, 70.
raised : roused up 0th. i. ii. 29; set on loot 0th. i.
i. 159 the raised search. [iii.] 52.
raisins o' the sun : sun-dried grapes Wint. iv. ii.
rake sb.: very lean person Cor. i. i. 24.
rake up : to cover up Lr. iv. vi. 282.
ramp* : ' a Tomrig or Rude Girl ' (Dictionary of the
Canting Crew) Cym. i. vi. 134.
rampallian (not pre-Eliz.): ruffian, scoundrel :
applied to a woman 2H4 ii. i. 67.
ramping (2 cf. rampant 2H6 v. i. 203)
1 rearing on the hind legs and showing fierceiie;:b
1H4 III. i. 152 A couching lion, and a r. cat ;
(hence) of fierce disposition 3H6v.ii. 13 //(er. Iton.
2 unrestrained John in. i. 122 A ramping fool.
rampired : fortified against attack Tim. v. iv. 47.
range sb.: rank Ant. in. xi. [xiii.] 5.
range vb. (1, 2, 3, 5 not pre-S.)
1 lit. to stretch out in a line ; hence, to have a
clearly recognized position Cor. in. i. 206.
2 to extend or lie in the same plane /('/7/( Ado n. ii. 7.
3 to occupy a position IHA j. in. Ud the jiredicainenl
}Yhereiti you r., H8 ii. iii. 20 to ... r. with humble
livers in content.
4 to rove, roam AYL. i. iii. 71, Ham. in. iii. 2.
5 to be inconstant Shr. ni. i. 92, Sonn. cix. 5.
6 to traverse Tw.N. iv. iii. 7 range the town.
rang'd : ordered Ant. i. i. 34* the rang'd empire.
ranger : gamekeeper Cym. ii. iii. 74 Diana's r-s
(nymphs vowed to chastity).
rank sb. : movement in line or file (S.) AYL. in. ii.
1U4 it is the right butler-iromans rank to market
(conj. rate\ ; »T(e/ct= ambling pace).
rank adj. (a common meaning is 'gross, coarse ' in
various applications)
1 coarsely luxuriant H6 v. ii. 45, 50 Wanting the
scythe, all tmcorrected, rank. Ham. in. iv. 162 ;
fig. AYL II. vii. 46, Troil. i. iii. 318 the seeded pride
That liath to this maturity blown iip In rank
Achilles ; (hence) high or excessive in amount
AYL. IV. i. 87, Ham. iv. iv. 22 A ranker rate.
2 puffed up, swollen, grossly fat Cits. in. i. 162 ^Yho
else must be let blood, loho else is rank; fig. exuber-
ant, over-full 2H4 iv. i. 64, Sonn. cxviii. 12.
3 copious, full Ven. 71 a river that is rank.
4 of offensively strong smell, rancid Tw.N. ii. v. 138
as rank us a fox. Ant. v. ii. 211 ; fig. Ham. in. iii.
36 0! my offence is rank, it smills to hinien.
5 lustful, in Iieat Mer.V. i. iii. 81 ; lascivious 0th.
II. i. 318, Cym. n. v. 24 rank Ihouglits.
6 corrupt, foul 2H4 iii. i. 39 r. diseases, Ham. in. iv.
148 rank corruption.
rank adv.: abundantly, excessively Wiv. iv. vi. 22
While other jests are somilhing rank on foot. Troil.
I. iii. 196 How rank sotrtr rimndal in with danger.
ranked : surrounded inlli ranks or rows Tim. i. i. 66.
rankle: to cause a festering wound R2i. iii. 302, R3
I. iii. 291 His venom tooth will r. to the death (in Qq
used transitively rankle thee to death).
RAHTKITESS-
i?6
— BEARMXCE
rankness :
1 ' liiliiess to overflowing ' (Wright) John v. iv. 54 ;
fig. exuberanco H8 iv. i. b'd tlie mere r. of their jojj.
2 insolence AYL. i. i. 93.
ransack'd : carried off, ravislied Troil. ir. ii. 150.
ransom sb. (the ordinary sense is Ireq.)
1 procuring of one's release from captivity 2H6 iv.
i. 10 Here shall they iiwke their ransom.
2 atonement, expiation Gent. v. iv. 75 // heart j sor-
riiiv lie ei sufficient r. for offence, 2 HG in. i. 127, iW v.
iii. 26i;, Cym. V. iii. 80 Fur mc, my ransom's dentli.
ransom vb.: to atone for Sonn. xxxiv. 14, cxx. 14.
rap : to affect with rapture, transport Cym. i. vi. 51
What . . . Thus raps you? ; cf. reipt,
rapier and dagger: aeo dagger.
rapture : [rupture).
1 piuiulering Per. ii. i. 167 the r.fof the sea (old edd.
2 lit Cor. II. i. 226 Into a rapture lets her baby cry.
rare: as interj. =splendid ! 1H4 i. ii. 72.
rarely : finely, splendidly Ado iii. i. 60 r. feeitur'd,
Ant. IV. iv. 11 Is not this buckled well? — liarely ;
e.\ctptionally Ant. v. ii. 157 0 rarely base.'.
rareness : = KARiTY, Ham. v. ii. 124.
rarity : excellence Tp. ii. i. 62, AU'sW. iv. iii. 309.
rascal : young, lean, or inferior deer of a lierd AYL.
Ml. iii. 60 tlie noblest elcer hath thcia (horns) as huyc
as the r., 1H6 iv. ii. 49 If we be Enylish deer, be then,
in blood: Xot r.-likc, to fall down with a piucli. Cor.
I. i. 165 Tlioii rascal, that art worst in blood to run.
rase: to pull, pluck off R3 in. ii. 11 hadr-doff his
litlm (mod. edd. razed\, Qqi-i rasie, Qqs-s cast{e,
Ff 1 2 rased off, Ff 3 1 raised off).
rash adj. (1 and 2 are peculiar to S.)
1 operating quickly Wint. l. ii. 319 with no rush
potion. But with a linyeriwj dram, 2H4 iv. iv. 48
rash yunpowder. [rash.
2 urgent, pressing Troil. iv. ii. 03 My matter is so
rash vb.: todasli Lr. in. vii. 58 In hisahointedjlcsh r.
boarishfanys {F{stick{e). ^Mainly a Scottish word.
rate sb. (4 comnion Eliz. sense)
1 (estimated) quantity 2H4 iv. i. 22 I judge their
■number Upon . . . the rate of thirty thoustmd.
2 (estimated) value or worth MND. iir. i, 161 a spirit
of no common rate, All'sW. v. iii. 91.
3 estimation, consideration Tp. i. ii. 02 all populeir
rate, 11. i. 116 in my rate.
4 standard or stylo Mer.V. i. 1. 128 to be abridy'd
From such a noble rate.
rate vb.': [o'the isle.
1 to allot Ant. III. vi. 25 we had not r-d him His part
2 to calculate, estimate 2H4 i. iii. 44.
3 to reckon, consider AU'sW. 11. i. 182.
4 (?) to bo of ec^ual value with Ant. 111. ix. [xi.] t/J.
rate vb.^: to dn ve away by chiding or scolding Slir.
I. i. 164 Affection is not r-d from the heart, 1H4 iv.
iii. 99 Rated my uncle from tlie councd-boarel.
rated: esteemed, reckoned U|ion 1H4 iv. iv. 17.
rather : the r., the more quickly Mac. i. vii. 62 ; the
(iiiirnsed idiom mc rattier liad oci-iir.s once for tl'e
n..niial ' 1 liad rather' K2 m. iii. 192. ^ The r.
nrdiiiarily =the more readily (for some reason).
ratherest : most of all LLL. iv. ii. 19. TJ in use
Ii oiii 1420 to Eliz. times.
ratify: to bring into proper metrical 'proportion'
iir rhythm LLL. iv. ii. 126 numbers ratified.
rational foccuis only twice)
1 endowed with reason, intelligent LLL. I. ii. 124.
2 reasonable All's W. i. i. 141. |ii. 172.
rattle : to assail with a rattling noise (S.) John v.
raug'ht : sec reach.
ravel :
1 to become entangled Gent. ni. i\.h2as younnwind
her love from him. Lest it should ravel, . . . ; Mac. 11.
ii. 38 the ratcU'd slcaic of care.
2 y. out, disentangle, make plain or clear lv2 iv. i.
228, Ham. in. iv. 186.
raven: to devour voraciously Cym. i. vi. 49 Tlie
cloyed will . . . ravening first tlie lamb ; with rfodii,
up Meas. i. ii. 138, Mac. n. iv. 28.
ravin: ravenous AU'sW. in. ii. 120 the racin lion.
ravin'd^: (?) glutted Mac. iv. i. 24.
ravish :
1 to pollute, corrupt Lucr. 778 With rotten damps
raiish the morning air.
2 to pull out Lr. in. vii. 38 These hairs, which thou
dost ravish from my chin.
ravish'd : carried away by force Troil. Prol. 9.
ravishing: ravenous Mac. n. i.55* WithTarquin's
rni'ishuig stridesf (Pope ; Ff sides).
raw : unripe, immature 112 11. iii. 42 my service . . .
benii/ tdiikr, rair, and young , Which elder days shall
ripui ; inexjierienced, unskilled, untrained Mer.V.
III. iv. 77 raw tricks, AYL. in. iL 77, Ham. v. ii.
LW, Per. IV. ii. 60.
rawboned (not pre-S.) : very lean 1H6 i. ii. 35.
rawly * : (a) at an immature age, (b) without pre-
paration H5 IV. i. 149 some Icrying] upon their chil-
dnn rawly left.
rawness: unpreparedness, hastiness Mac. iv. iii. 26,
rayed (old odd. ratde, rated) : dirtied, fouled Shr. lu.
ii. 55, IV. i. 3.
raz'd: 'leaving no trace behind' (Sclmiidt) Soiiu.
cxxii. 7 riud oblivion \ cf. razuee.
raze sb.: see race sb.^
raze vb.' (see also race vb.)
1 to erase, blot out 2H6 i. i. 102 Razing the characters
of your renown, Mac. v. iii. 42 Raze out the written
troubles of the brain, Sonn. xxv. 11 from the book
of honour razed e/uite. [iii. 65.
2 to level with the ground Meas. 11. ii. 171, IHO 11.
raze vb.-: see rase, razed : see raced.
razorahle (S.) : flt to be shaved Tp. 11. i. 258 [250].
razure: cfl'acement Meas. v. i. 13 )■. of oblivion.
re: the second note of the scale LLL. iv. ii. 103;
u.sed jocularly as a vb. (see fa).
reach sb.: capacity, ability Ham. 11. i. 64 we of
wisdunl and of reach.
reach vb. (pa.t. and pple. raught)
1 to lay hold of with the hand 2H6 11. iii. 43 This
staff' of honour raught. Ant. iv. ix. 30 The hand
of death hath raught him.
2 to grasp at R2 i. iii. 72, 2H6 i. ii. 11, 3HG i. iv. 68.
3 to extend in quantity or amount to LLL. iv. ii.
41 The moon . . . raught not to five weeks, 1H4 iv. i.
129 What may the king's whole battle reach unto ?.
4 to attain to K3 i. i. 158 another . . . close intent . . .
which I must reach unto.
reaching : able to reach far 2H6 iv. vii. 8.5.
read: cllipt. for 'read lessons (or lectures) ' = give
instruition 1H4 in. i. 46.
readiness: Mac. 11. iii. liQ put on manly r. ( = dress
or arm ourselves).
ready (2 cf. readiness, unready)
1 used in replying to a call or summons^ here !
MND. I. ii. 20, Mer.V. iv. i. 2 What, is Anlunio
lure ? — Ready, so please your Grace, Rom. I. v. 12.
2 dressed, armed 1H6 11. i. .38 stage dii\
re-answer: to compensate H5in. vi. 140.
reap: to acquire, get Tw. >f. in. i. 147 Vour wife is
like to reap i; proper man, 118 lii. ii. 205 What
sudilcn anger's this? how have I reap' d it? ; to get
knowledge of Cym. 11. iv. 86.
rear sb.: in or within the r. {of), behind AVint. iv.
iii. [iv.] 594, Ham. i. iii. 34.
rear vb. : used in various senses of 'raise', e.g.
Tp. n. i. 30:J [295] r. my hand, R2 iv. i. 145 r. this
house against this house.
rearmice (pi.) ; bats MND. ir. ii. 4 (Fi licremirc).
REASON
177
— BECOURSE
xeason sb. :
1 observation, lemaik, account or explanation of
something LLL. v. i. 2 tjoiirt-s at dinner, AYL.
I. iii. 6, R3 IV. iv. 362 Ymir r-s are too shallow, H8
V. i. 50 those fell misihirfs Oar r-s laid before him,
Cor. V. iii. 158 ; talk, discourse Meas. I. ii. 196 r.
and discourse, Sonn. cU.S flesh staijs no further r.
2 cause, ground; plir. reason, and (/real reasons
there is good reason (for it) Wiv. ii. ii. 16 li., you
roijue, r., LLL. v. ii. 28, John v. ii. 130 and r. too he
should, K3 V. iii. 180 Great reason why. Tit. ll. iii. 81.
3 reasonableness; chiefly in plir. in (.all) r.,goodr.,
lis bat r., MND. v. i. 261, Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 420,
3H6 III. iii. 147, 0th. iii. iii. 04 in onrcoiiniion r.,
Cyni. IV. ii. 131 in all safe reason.
4 reasonable speech or behaviour Wiv. i. i. 218 1
shall do that that is r.. Ado v. i. 41 thou speak'st
r., Mer.V. I. i. "116, AYL. ii. vii. 100.
5 what is reasonable, reasonable amount Ado v.
iv. 74 no more than r., Mer.V. iil. v. 45.
C do >•., do justice, make satisfaction Tp. iii. ii. 131,
Tit. I. i. 279 To elo myself this r. and this riijht.
1 have r., be right Gent. il. iv. 157, Yen. 012 You
hare no reason to iviltihold me so.
8 (with negative) possibility of action Gent. ii. iv.
213 Tliere ts no r. but . . ., Shr. ii. i. 4ul / see no
reason but . . .
reason vb. (1 cf. reason sb. 1)
1 to hold discussion, cany on conversation, dis-
course, talk LLL. r. i. 94 How well he's read, to r.
ei/jainsl readiwj !, Mer.V. ii. viii. 27 / r-'d ivith a
French man yesterelay, "W'lio told me. . ., H5in. vii.
38 my horse . . . 'Tis a subject for <i .soicreir/n to r.
on, R3 IV. iv. 636 irhile we r. here, Koni. iii. i. 57
Or r. coldly of your yrietances.
2 to question, discuss {what, whether . . .) 1H4 ii. iii.
109, R3 I. iv. 93.
3 to discuss or argue (a matter) Cor. v. iii. 176, Lr.
I. ii. 117, II. iv. 267 reason not the need.
reasonable: requiring the exercise of reason
"Wint. IV. iii. [iv.]411 incapable Of r. affairs.
reave (pa.t. and pa.pple. reft)
1 to rob, deprive Err. i. i. 115, Ven. 766.
2 to takeaway Ven. 1174 »e///(0);i /(cr. [e<Uje.
rebate := abate 2, Meas. i. iv. 60 >•.... his natural
rebate (mod. edd. rahato) : kind of stiff collar worn
about 1590-1630 Ado in. iv. 6.
[rebeck : early form of the fiddle ; used as a
musician's name in Rom. iv. v. 136.]
rebuke: to check, repress John ii. i. 9 to r. the
usurpation Of thy unnatural uncle, H5 in. vi. 131
we could have r-d hiin at Uarfieur, Mac. lir. i. 56
under him My genius is r-'d, I'er. in. i. 1 r. these
sriri/es.
recant : to retract (a pardon) Mer.V. iv. i. 392.
receipt (2 not post-Eliz.)
1 t hat which is received (in money) R2 i. i. 126 ;
(in food) Cor. r. i. 118, Lui r. 7u3.
2 receptacle Mac. I. vii. 66 the r. of reason [shall be]
A limbeck only.
3 capability of receiving, capacity Sonn. cxxxvi. 7
thiiiys ofyrcal receipt.
receive (iicq. in the oidinaiy meanings)
1 to hear H5 iv. Clior. 6, Lr. v. iii. 217, Per. i. i. 1.
2 to understand Meas. ll. iv.83 To be receuxd plain,
I'll speak more gross.
3 to give credit to, believe Tw.N. in. iv. 215, Mac.
1. vii. 74 Will it not be r-'d . . . That they have done't ?,
77, Ham. if. ii. 467 [458] it 70us—as I r-d it . . .—
ein excellent play.
receiving": reception Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 539 you
shall have such r. As shall become your highness ;
understanding Tw.N. iii. i. 133 Toone of your r.
Ti ' Reception ' is not S.
recheat: series of notes sounded on the horn for
calling the hounds together Ado i. i. 251 [242]
(with ref. to the cuckhold's ' horns ').
recite: to rehearse, tell, declare Sonn. Ixxii. 1.
reck (old cdd. always reak(e or wreak(e) : to care for,
heed Gent. iv. iii. 40, Ham. i. iii. 51 himself . . .
r-s not his own rede, Ven. 283 ; once with inlin.
AYL. II. iv. 82 ; once intr. Troil. v. vi. 26.
reckless: in old edd. also wreakkssc.
reckon : to count among the number of Wint. in.
ii. 191 trespasses . , . lolureof I r. The casting forth
to crows thy baby daughter.
reckoning" (3 Eliz. ami Caroline sense)
1 way of looking at a thing Shr. iv. i. 87 By this r.
he IS more shreiv than she.
2 all one reckonings, of the same value, equivalent
H5 IV. vii. 18.
3 estimation, repute Rom. i. ii. 4 Of honourable r.
are you both.
reclaim : to reduce to obedience, subdue 1H6 in.
iv. 5, 2H6 v. ii. 54,Rom. iv. ii. 48. [life.
reclusive (not pre-S.) : retired Ado iv. i. 244
recognizance :
1 'a Bond or Obligation of Record testifying the
Recognisor to owe to the Recognisee a certain
sum of money ' (Cowel, 1607) Ham. v. i. 111.
2 token, badge 0th. v. ii. 212 that r. ... of love.
recoil (the toll, are rare 17th cent, uses)
1 to fall away, degenerate Mac. iv. iii. 19 A good
and virtuous nature may r. In an imperial charge,
Cym. I. vi. 128 you Becoil from your great stock.
2 to go back in memory Wint. i. ii. 155.
recollect (once) : to gather up Per. ii. i. 55.
recollected" (once) : (a) gathered with pains, not
spontaneous, (b) picked, refined, studied, (c) re-
called, repeated Tw.N. n. iv. 5 recollected terms.
recomforted : consoled Cor. v. iv. 52.
recomforture (S.) : consolation, comfort R3 iv. iv.
426 (Qq recomflture).
recommend (1 an Eliz. sense ; 2 only S.)
1 to consign, commit Tw.N. v. i. 95, Cor. ii. ii. 156.
2 to inform 0th. I. iii. 41 recommends you tints.
3 refl. to be acceptable Mac. i. vi. 2.
reconcile :
1 to bring back {to a state of peace) R3 ii. i. 59.
2 to bring back to favour Lr. in. vi. 122.
reconciliation : (?) submission with a view to
being restored to favour 0th. in. iii. 47.
record sb. (chiefly rcco'rd ; also re'cord)
1 in or upon r., (properly) committed to writing as
authentic evidence of a matter of legal impor-
tance ; (hence) Meas. ii. ii. 40 whose fine stands in r..
Ado v. i. 252, R2 iv. i. 230.
2 witness R2 l. i. 30 heaven be the r. to my speech.
3 memory, recollection Tw.N. v. i. 256, Cor.iv.vi.50.
record vb. (1 an Eliz. sense ; 2 legal)
1 intr. to sing, warble Per. iv. Gower 27 the night-
bird , . . That still r-s with moan ; trans, to sing
about, render in song Gent. v. iv. 6 Tune my dis-
tresses and record my woes. [iv. i. 389.
2 to liave (a gift) properly placed on record Mer.V.
3 intr. to bear witness lit. i. i. 255 Home shall r.;
trans, to take to witness Tim. iv. ii. 4 Let me be
rccoidid by the righteous gods.
recordation: remembrance, recollection 2H4 n.
iii. 01, Troil. v. ii. 113.
recorder; wind instrument of the flute or flageolet
kind MND. v. i. 124, Ham. lii. ii. 308, 367.
1( 'The Figure of Recorders, and Flutes, and
Pipes are straight ; But the Recorder hatli a less
Bore and a greater; Above, and below' (Bacon).
recovintment(S.): relation, recital AYL. iv.iii.l42.
recourse (2 a lOtli cent, meaning)
1 flowing Troil, v, jji, 55 recourse of tears.
RECOVER -
17
2 opportunity of resorting (to a person), access
(Tent. III. i." 112, Wiv. ii. i. 222, Ki m. v. 108. _
recover' (2 an Eliz. use) [275.
1 to bring back to friendship, reconcile 0th. ii. iii.
2 to get (the wind of a person) Ham. iir. ii. 308.
3 to get to, reach, arrive at Tp. iir. ii. 16, Gent. v.
i. 12, Tw.N. II. iii. 203.
4 to bring back to consciousness or to liealth AYL.
IV. iii. 152 and now he fainted . . . I r-'d him,
All'sW. III. ii. 22, Per. in. ii. 9 There's! nothing
can be minister'd . . . That can recover him.
5 to deliver from peril Tw.N. ii. i. 40.
recover '': to cover again, re-sole Cses. i. i. 27 (with
pun on recover', sense 4).
recoverable"* (once) : capable of being retraced
Tim. in. iv. 13 a prodigal course Is like the sun's ;
hut not, like his, recoverable.
recovery: process by which entailed estate was
commonly transferred from one party to another
Ham. v. i. 113, 114 ; see also fine sb. 2.
recreant: traitor Cor. v. iii. 114. [meaning)
recreation ('diversion, amusement' is the usual
1 refreshment by partaking of food LLL. rv. ii. 175.
2 one who furnishes amusement Tw.N. ii. iii. 148
make him a common recreation.
rector: ruler, governor All'sW. iv. iii. 69.
rectorship: rule Cor. ii. iii. 213 the r. of judgement.
recnre: to restore, make whole R3 iii. vii. 129,
Sonn. xlv. 9 ; to remedy Yen. 465.
red: specific name of one kind of the plague Tp. i.
ii. .364 the red plague rid you, Troil. ii. i. 20 a red
murrain o' thy jade's tricks, Cor. iv. i. 13 the red
lie.ft Hence strike all trades in Rome.
redbreast: r. teacher, one who teaches rohins to
sing 1H4III. i. 264.
rede (once) : counsel Ham. i. iii. 51 Himself . . . recks
not his own rede (¥iread(e, Qq reed).
redeem :
1 to regain, recover 1H4 v. iv. 48 Thou hast r-'d thy
lost opinion.
2 to go in exchange for 1H6 it. v. 108 would some
part ofmij young years Might hut redeem the passage
of yottr age .'.
3 to make up for Tw.N. in. ii. 31, Wint. v. i. 3, 1H4
III. ii. 1.32 / will r. alt this on Percy's head, Lr. v.
iii. 268 a chance irliich does redeem all sorrows.
4 to save from something regarded as prejudicial
All'sW. IV. iii. 309, Tim. iv. iii. 509.
red lattice : lattice painted red as the sign of an ale-
liouse ; only attrib. Wiv. ii. ii. 29 your red-lattice
plirases ( = potliouse talk).
redoubted : feared, dreaded ; common in 15th-17th
cent, in addressing sovereigns (and in S. other
high personages) = dread R2 in. iii. 198, H5n. iv.
14 My most r. father, 1H6 ll. 1. 8, R3 rv. v. 14 r.
Pembroke.
redress: relief from trouble, assistance, aid .John
in. iv. 23-4, R2 in. ii. 32, Rom. iv. v. 147 music
iiitli Iter silver soiuid . . . doth lend redress.
reduce (only in the foil, senses)
1 to bring R3 ii. ii. 68 All springs r. their currents
to mine ei/es.
2 to restore (a state of things) R3 v. iv. 49 [v. 36] r.
these bloody days again ; toliringback m^oaformer
state H5 v. ii. 63.
reechy : dirty, filtliy Adoiii. iii. 142 like Pharaoh's
siililnrs in tlie r. painting (old edd. recliie). Cor. ii.
i. -28 pins Her richest lockram 'bout her r. neck.
reed voice: squeaky voice Mer.V. in. iv. 67 speak
bctiicen thechnnr/e of man and boy With a reed voice.
re-edify : to rebuild R3 in. i. 71, Tit. i. i. 351.
reek : to be exhaled, (hence) rise, emanate LLL. iv.
iii. 14U /. . . Saw siglis r. from you, H5iv. iii. 101 tlie
sun shall greet them, And draw their honours
! - REGARD
reeking up to heaven, Sonn. cxxx. 8 the breath that
from my mistress i-eeks. , [shanks.
reeky: full of rank moisture Rom. iv. i. 83 reeky
reel: to stagger along (a street) Ant. i. iv. 20. ^| A
use peculiar to .S.
reelingf-ripe : drunk enough to be on the point of
reeling 'Ip. v. i. 279.
reels : revels, revelry (S.) Hani. i. iv. 9 Keeps wassail,
and the swaggering up-spring reels, Ant. ii. vii. 101
Drink thou ; increase the reels.
refel : to refute Meas. v. i. 95.
refer : [256.
1 refl. to have recourse {to), rely (upon) Meas. in. i.
2 to hand over, transfer Cym. i. i. 6 His daughter
. . . hath referr'd herself Unto ( = married) a poor
but irortlty gentleman.
reference (2 is peculiar to S.)
1 referring or submitting a matter to a person for
consideration Ant. v. ii. 23.
2 assignment Otli. i. iii. 238 Due reference of place.
3 relation AYL. l. iii. 130, All'sW. v. iii. 29, H5 i.
ii. 205. [vi. 10.
refigf ure : to reproduce the foi-m of (a person) Sonn.
reflect (none of the S. uses are pre-S.)
1 to tlirow or cast back again Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 761
reflect I not on thy baseness court-contempt ?.
2 to shine R3 i. iv. 31 r-mg gems. Tit. I. i. 226, Lucr.
376 she reflects so bright.
3 to bestow attention upon Cym. i. vi. 23.
reflection: (a) shining, (b) return Mac. i. ii. 25
whence the sun gins his reflection.
reflex: to throw or cast (beams) 1H6 v. iv. 87.
reform : to put a stop to (an abuse or disorder) 1H4
r\'. iii. 78, H8 v. iii. 19 heresies . . . not reform'd,
Ham. III. ii. 41.
refrain : to desist from 3H6 ii. ii. 110.
refugfesb.: [send him.
1 resource Cor. v. iii. 11 Their latest refuge Was to
2 pretext, excuse 1H6 v. iv. 69, Lucr. 1654.
refuge vb. : to find protection for R2 v. v. 26.
refuse vb. :
1 to decline to meet (an opponent) Ant. in. vii. 39 ;
to decline to bear (a name) Rom. ii. ii. 34.
2 to cast (a person) off Ado iv. i. 180.
regard sb. (exx. such as Tp. in. i. 40, Gent. n. iv.
61, by some referred to 6, probably liave the
sense 'esteem, affection, kindly feeling ')
1 look, glance Tw.N. v. i. 222 i'ou throw a strange r.
upon me, Troil. iii. iii. 257 he . . . bites his lip with
(t politic regard.
2 sight, view Cqmpl. 213 m whose fresh regard.
3 object of sight Otli. ii. i. 40 till ice make the main
and the aeried blue An indistinct regard.
4 (?) intention, design H5 i. i. 22 Tlie king is full of
grace and fair r., Cses. in. i.224* Our reasons are
so full of good regard That were you, Antony, the
.son of CiKsar, You should be satisfied.
5 repute, account, estimation 2H4 1. ii. 193 Yirtue is
of so little r., H5 ii. iv. 117 slight r., contempt, 1H6
IV. i. 145 a thing of no r., Troil. in. iii. 12S Most ab-
ject in r. , and dear in use ; — in one's regard, in one's
opinion, estimation, or judgement 1H4 iv. iii. 57,
Ham. IV. vii. 75.
6 attention or care bestowed upon a thing Shr. iv.
i. 129 no attendance ? no regard ? no duty ?, Lr. I.
iv. 289 m the most exact r. ( = with extreme care).
7 heed Tim. i. ii. 254 not to give r. to you, Mac. in.
ii. 12 Things vithniit all remedy Should he nithoutr.
8 thoughtful attention or consideration R2 n. i. 28
Where will doth mutiny with wit's r., Lucr. 277, &c.
9 thing taken into account, consideration Ham. iii.
i. 87, Lr. J. i. 242 (Qq respects).
10 phr. in r. of, (i) with respect to H5 i. i. 77 ; so in
which r., = with respect to which 0th. i. i. 154 ; (ii)
REGARD
179
-REMAIN
out of consideration for R2 r. iii. 216; in r. (conj.),
inasmucli as, since IHC v. iv. 124 ; on such 7--s, on
such conditions Ham. ii. ii. 79
regard vb.:
1 to consider, take into account Gent. iii. i. 257 B.
thy danyer \ with clausa Gent. in. i. 70 Seither r-imj
that she is my child.
2 to attend to, tend 1H6 in. ii. 86.
3 to hold in respect or honour Cor. v. v. [vi.] 144,
Ca^s. V. iii. 88.
regardfuUy : respectfully Tim. iv. iii. 82.
regenerate : born again K2 i. iii. 70.
regent : ruler, governor R2 ii. i. 109 >•. of the world,
Per. \. i. 188 the r. . . . of Mitykne \ fig. LLL. in.
i. 191 [183] Regent of lore-rimes.
regiment : rule, government Ant. in. vi. 95 Antony
. . . gives his potetit regiment to a trull.
region (1 current~since the 14th cent.)
1 tlie air, heaven Rom. li. ii. 21 her ei/es in heaven
'Would through the airy r. stream so bright, Ham.
II. ii. 517 [509J the dreadful thunder Both rend the
v.; attrib. Ham. ii. ii. 615 [607] the r. kites, Sonn,
xxxiii. 12 The region cloud.
2 one of the successive sections into which the at-
mosphere is theoretically divided ; only fig. =
status, rank "Wiv. in. ii. 78 he is of too high a v.,
Cyin. V. iv. 93 petty spirits of region loir.
register ' : record Wiv. n. ii. 198 turn another [scil.
eye] into the r. of your own [follies], Sonn. cxxiii.
9 Thy [Time's] r-s, Compl. 52 ;—in r., on the list
Ant. IV. ix. 21.
register- : one who keeps a record Lucr. 765 Night
. . . Dim register and notary of shame.
regreet sb. (not pre-S.) : greeting Mer.V. ii. ix. 89
From ivhom he tringeth sensible r-s, Jolin in. i. 241
this seizure and this kind regreet.
regreet vb. (not pre-Eliz.; in S. only in R2).
1 to greet again H2 i. iii. 142, 186.
2 to greet, salute R2 i. iii. 67 I r. The daintiest last,
to make the end most sweet.
regress : return, re-entry Wiv. it. i. 225 thoii shall
have egress and regress (orig. a legal term).
reguerdon sb.: reward 1H6 in. i. 169 ; also as vb.
1H6 in. iv. 23.
rehearsal : recital, account 2H6 i. ii. 24.
rehearse: to give an account of, relate, narrate
Mer.V. IV. i. 363 The danger formerly by me r-'d,
Wint. V. ii. 68 Like an old tale still, which will have
emitter to r. , Sonn. xxxviii. 4 too excellent For every
rulgar paper to rehearse.
rein sb. (old edd. often raine) : chiefly in fig. phr.
give the r., allow full scope LLL. v. ii. 660 ; take the
r., go on without restraint Wint. ll. iii. 51 ; in
phr. with the vb. bear, expressing the holding of
the head up high or haughtily Troil. i. iii. 189 Ajax
. . . bears his head In such a rein . . . As broad
Achilles, Lr. in. i. 27 the hard rein irhich both of
them have borne.
rein vb. :
1 to restrain (from something) Troil. v. iii. i8 Spur
them to ruthful work, rein them from ruth.
2 to bear or submit to the rein Tw.X. in. iv. .302
He . . . reins well.
reinforce : intr. to obtain reinforcements Cym. v.
ii. 18 Let's reinforce, or fly.
reins : loins Wiv. in. v. 24.
rejoice : to feel joy at H5 n. ii. 159, Cym. v. v. 371
Xe'er mother Rejoic'd deliverance more.
rejoicing-fire : bonfire Cjtii. in. i. 32.
rejoindiire (S.): reunion Troil. iv. iv. 36.
rejourn : to put off Cor. n. i. 80 r. the controversy.
relapse (occurs twice) : falling back into an illness
Per. III. ii. 110 he'rrela'pse is luo'rlal. % H5iv. iii.
107 Ki'llmg in re'lapse of morta'lity perh. = ' with
renewed deadliness'; but some comm. explain
' with a deadly rebound '.
relative (once) • pirtinent, relevant Ham. n. ii. 641
[633] /■// have grounds More relative titan this.
release : to surrender, make over, give up R2 iv. i.
210 With mine own breath r. all duty's rites, 2Hti i.
i. 52 Thai the Duchy of Anjon . . . shall be released
and dilivvrid to the king her fatiier.
relent (used also in tlio mod. sense)
1 to dissolve Meas. in. i. 239 he, a marble to her tears,
. . . relents not, V'en. 200 stone at rain relenteth.
2 to give up a previous deteiniination or obstinacy,
yield, give way Wiv. ii. ii. 32 you will not do it,
you!— I do r., MND. i. i. 91, 1H6 in. i. 108, 2H6
IV. viii. 12 will ye r.. And yield to mercy ?.
relenting: easily moved to pity, compassionate
2H6 in. i. 227, R3 iv. iv. 432 R.fool, Lucr. 1829
such relenting dew of lamentations.
relics : ancient remains Tw.N. in. iii. 19 .ice the r.
of this town.
relieve : to lift up again Tp. ii. i.l28 [121]//(es/(o)-c,
that . . . bow'd. As stooping to relieve him.
religion: devotion to a principle, strict fidelity,
conscientiousness AYL. iv. i. 208 [201] keep your
promise. — With no less r. than . . ., Rom. i. ii. 93
Wlien the devout r. of mine eye Maintains such
falsehood, Cym. i. iv. 154 ; make r. to, make a point
of Ant. V. ii. 198.
religions : scrupulous, strict, conscientious
All's W. II. iii. 190, Tw.K. iii. iv. 426 a most devout
coward, r. in it, H8 iv. ii. 74 r. truth and modesty,
Sonn. xxxi. 6 religious love.
religiously: solemnly John in. i. 140 / . . . from
J'ope Innocent the legate here. Do ni his name r.
demand ; faithfully, conscientiously John n. i. 246,
IV. iii. 73, H5 l. ii. 10.
relinqiiish : to give up as incurable (S.) All'sW.
II. iii. 10 relinquished of tite artists.
relish sb. (old edd. rellis'h, rallish)
1 taste, flavour (of a thing), always fig. Tw.N. iv. i.
64, Troil. in. ii. 18 The imaginary r. is so sweet ;
hence =kind, quality H5 iv. i. 115 his fears. . . be
of the same relish as ours are.
2 trace, tinge 2H4 i. ii. 112 some r. of the saltnessof
time, Mac. iv. iii. 95 / have no r. of them, Ham. iii.
iii. 92 some act That has no r. of salvation int.
3 individual taste or liking Cor. ii. i. 208.
relish vb.' (the sense 'enjoy' is commonest)
1 to taste (a thing) AYL. in. ii. 248 take a taste of
my finding him, and r. ii with good observance ; fig.
to appreciate Wint. ii. i. 166 if you . . . cantiot . . .
R. a (asi) truth like us ; to feel Tp. v. i. 23 One of
their kind, that relish all as sharply.
2 to have a taste (o/ something) Ham. iii.i. 122, Cym.
III. ii. 30 r. of love. Per. ii. v. GO my thoughts, That
never relish'd of a base descent.
3 to be agreeable, find acceptance Wint. v. ii. 137.
relish vb.^: to sing, warble Gent. ii. i. 21 to r. a
love-song like a robin-redbreast, Lucr. 1126 R. your
nimble notes.
reliver: to give up again Meas. iv. iv. G r. our
authorities (Ff234 deliver, Capell redtliverj).
relume, relumine : to rekindle 0th. v. ii. 13 that
Promethean heat That can thy light r. (Ff re-lume,
Qi returne, Qq23 relumine). [ni. i. 87.
remain sb.': the r., what remains to be done Cym.
remain sb.^: stay Cor. i. iv. 62 make v.; see also
nERE-;-f»;«m.
remain vb. (l not post-S.; 3 only S.)
1 to dwell Tp. I. ii. 420, AYL. in. ii. 236, Cym. rv.
iii. 14/or my mistress, Inolhing knoip where she r-s.
2 almost^ be Tim. iv. iii. 326 Wouldst thou . . . r. a
beast with the beasts?, V. i. 102 ?•. assur'd ; also let
her remam- let her be Cym. ii. iii. 17.
REMAINDER -
180
RENEW
3 r. Kith, stick ill the mind of Tim. in. vi. 40.
remainder (2 used in 16tli-17tli cent.)
1 residual or further interest remaining over from
an estate, coming into effect when this has de-
termined, and created by tlie same conveyance
by whicli tlie estate itself was granted All'sW.
IV. iii. 316 ch/ the entnil frDin titl reiitainders.
2 pi. those wlio remain Cym. i. i. 12y.
3 balance (of an account) K2 i. i. 130 in my debt
Upon remitinder of a dear account.
4 attrib. = left over AYL. ii. vii. 39 the r. biscuit
After a royar/e.
remediate: remedial Lr. iv. iv. 17 aidant and r.
{(iq reiuediat, Ff -ate). IJ (?) Error for ' remedial '
or ' remediant '.
remedy sb.: reparation, redress; csp. in plir.
thoe's no r. = there's no help for it Wiv. i. iii. 34,
Jidiniv. i.91, Oth.i. i.35 ; no r. often = inevitably,
without a doubt Wiv. ii. ii. 128 i'oii must send her
your pay e ; nor., Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] G73, v. i. 77,
Troil. IV. iv. 55, Cym. in. iv. 165 ; what r.?, what
help is there for it ? what can be done ? Wiv. v.
V. 262 [250] Well, what r.? . . . What cannot be
eschew'd must be embrac'd, Tw.N. i. v. 55, 1H6 v.
iii. 131.
rem.ember {{or remember since . . . sec since)
1 to maintain 2H4v. ii. 142 we Kill uccite, As Ibefore
rdiiember'd, all our slate.
2 to commemorate Tp. i. ii. 402 The ditty does r. my
droirn'd father, 1H4 v. iv. 101 Thy itjnomy . . .not
remembcr'd in thy epitaph.
3 refl. to bethink oneself, recollect Tw.N. v. i. 289,
R3 IV. ii. 94, Rom. i. iii. 9 ; to reflect ujion (one-
self) Lr. IV. vi. 234 Briefly tliyself rononber.
4 to remind (a person) Tp. i. ii. 243, K2 i. iii. 269,
H5 v. Chor. 43, Lr. i. iv. 72. ^ The phr. r. thy
courtesy — he covered (LLL. v. i. 106 I do beseech
thee, r. thy courtesy; I beseech thee, apparel thy
head) is of obscure origin ; cf. Ham. v. ii. 109 /
beseech yon, remember — .
remembered : be r., recollect, remember Meas. ii.
i. 113, Slir. IV. iii. 96, R3 n. iv. 23, Luer. 607.
rem.em.brance (sometimes 4syll., e.g. Tw.N. i. i.
32, Mac. III. ii. 30)
1 faculty or power of remembering Tp. ir. i. 240
[232] this lord of weak r., Cym. ii. iv. 93.
2 kind thought or consideration All'sW. iv. v. 79
out of a self-gracious r.. Cor. ll. iii. 2o% commend
To your r-s. Ham. i. ii. 7.
3 memorial inscription H5 i. ii. 229.
4 reminder 2H4 V. ii. 115.
5 keepsake, love-token Gent. ir. ii. 5, Mer.V. iv. i.
423, Ham. in. i. 93, 0th. nr. iii. 291 This was her
first remembrance from tlie Moor.
remembrancer : one who reminds another Mac.
III. iv. 37, Cym. i. v. 77.
remission: inclination to pardon (S.) Meas. v. i.
499 I find an apt ronission m myself.
remit : to give up, surrender LLL. v. ii. 460.
remnant: surviving member of a family R3i. ii.7.
remonstrance : demonstration Meas. v. i. 393.
remorse (1 the commonest S. sense)
1 pity, comjiassion Tp. v. i. 76 Expell'd r. andnalnre,
John iv.iii.50 the tearsof soft r., Tim.iv.iii.l23</()/
throat shall cut. And mince itsansr., Mac. I. v. 45.
2 without >•., without intermission Tw.N. ii. iii. 100.
3 solemn obligation (S.) Otli. in. iii. 469 to obey
shall be in me remorse.
remorsefvil: compassionate, full of pity Gent. iv.
iii. i:'>, Ivi I. ii. \t>6 remorseful tear.
remorseless: pitiless 2II0'm. i. 213, Ham. ii. ii.
Ill 7 J<i tuorseless . . , villain, Lncr. 5C2.
remotion: keeping away or aloof Tim. iv. iii. 347,
Lr. II. iv. 115.
remove sb. (2 and 5 are only S.; 'removal ' is not
S., although Eliz.)
1 removal or change from one place to another
LLL. v. ii. 135, Sonn. Music iii. 12 [Pilgr. 256] a
nay . . . without remove ^ = hTemov!^h\^^).
2 removal of a person by deatli Ham. iv. v. 81
author Of his oivnjust remove.
3 raising of a siege Cor. i. ii. 28.
4 departure from a place Lr. n. iv. 4, Ant. i. ii. 209 ;
change of quarters or residence All'sW. v. iii. 131.
5 period of absence Meas. I. i. 43 /)( our remove.
remove vb,: to depart, go away, move to another
place AYL. ill. iv. 57 let us r., All'sW. v. i. 23,
John V. ii. 33, v. vii. 62, 1H6 ii. v. 104 is removing
hence ( = dying), Mac. v. iii. 2 Till ISirnam wood r.
to Dunsinane, Ham. i. v. 163 once more r., good
friends. Yen. 81 From his soft bosom never (o r.
removed :
1 distant in relationship by a certain degree, pro-
perly of descent, but often vaguely of consan-
guinity in general Wint. IV. iii. [iv.]805</(OAC that
are germane to him, though r. fifty times, John n.
i. 182 the second generation R., 186, Rom, in. iii. 95 ;
fig. AYL. v. iv. 71 a lie seven times removed.
2 separated by space or time Tp. ii. i. 117 [110] so
/(()• from Italy r-'d, Tw.N. v. i. 93 a twenty years
r. thing, Sonn. xliv. 6 ; transf. Sonn. xevii. 5 this
time removed ( = time of absence).
3 retired, secluded Meas. i. iii. 8 the life r-'d, AYL.
in. ii. 364*0 j-. a dwelling, Wint. v. ii. 120, Ham.
I. iv. 61 (( more removed ground.
4 not innuediately concerned 1H4 iv. i. 35.
reniovedness : absence Wint. iv. i. [ii.]40. [4.
remover : one who constantly changes Sonn. c.wi.
render sb. (2 not pre-S.)
1 surrender Sonn. cxxv. 12 hwws no art, But mutual
render, only me for thee.
2 lendering of an account, statement, account, con-
fession Tim. V. i. 154 to make their sorrow'd render,
Cym. IV. iv. 11 drive us to a r. Where we have liv'd,
v. iv. 17 take Xo stricter render of me than my all.
render (the comnione.st S. senses are 'give back or
in return ', 'give, offer', 'give up, surrender')
1 to give back (an image, &;c.) by reflection, &:c.
Troil. in. iii. 122 r-s back His [the sua's] figure and
Ins heat ; flg. 1H4 in. ii. 82.
2 to represent, depict (an occurrence) H5 I. i. 44
you shall hear A fearful battle r-d you in music.
3 to describe (a person as being so-and-so), make
(him) out to be AYL. rv. iii. 124 he did r. him (he
most unnatural, All'sW. I. iii. 238 the desperate
latiguishings whereof The king is r-'d lost, Cym. in.
i V. 1 53 )■. him hourly lo your ear A s truly as he moves.
4 to declare, state H5 i. ii. 238 Freely to r. uhat we
have in charge, Cym. ii. iv. 119 H. to me some cor-
poral sign about her. More evident than this, v. v.
136 [he] may render Of whom he had this ring.
5 to pay as a due Tit. i. i. 160 my tributary tears Ir.
for my brethren's obseqiiies.
0 to give as a sei-vice Ado v. iii. 33 Than this for
ivhoin we render'd tip this woe.
rendez-vons (old edd. rendeuous, randeuoxts) : re-
treat, refuge 1H4 iv. i. 57 A r., a home to fly unto,
H5 V. i. 88 my r. is quite cH<o/(l'istol) ; last resort
H5 IT. i. 18 that is the rendez-vous of it (Nym).
renegade (Ff Rencgatho, representing the Spanish
pronunciation): "renegade Tw.N. in. ii. 77.
renegTie : intr. to deny Lr. n. ii. 83 A'., affirm (Ff 2-4
Renege, Q([ Ikneag \ Fi misprinted Iteuenge) ; trans.
to re'niiunce Ant] i.\.%r-sall temper (Fi rene{a)ges),
renew (1 rare jioetical sense)
1 to rcjieat (an action) H5 i. ii. 116 r. their feats.
2 intr. to begin a fresh attack Troil. v. v. 6 Renew,
renew/.
BSNOUNCE -
181
RESERVATION
lenounce: to disown allegiance to (a person) 3Ht5
III. iii. 19i I liere renounce lihii.
renown sb. (l, 2 not post-S.; 3 only S.)
1 report, rumour Tp. v. i. 193 0/ whom so often I
hail: heard >:, Hut never saw bt/ore.
2 reputation (good or bad) AU'sW. iv. iii. 18 of a
most chaste renown. Per. iv. vi. 42.
3 good name Cyni. v. v. 203.
renown vb.: to make famous Tw.N. in. iii. 2t, H5
I. ii. 118 TIte blood and courage tltaf renowned them.
rent: to rend, tear MNl). in. ii. 215 r. oar . . . lore
(iMinder, R3 i. ii. 127 (Qq rend), Mac. iv. iii. 168.
renying: renunciation tjonii. Music iii. 7 [Pilgr.
25UJ Heart's rcnijini/.
repair sb. ' : going or com ing to a place, resort Meas.
IV. i. 45, LLL. II. i. 238 mala their v., 3H.6 v. i. 20,
Ham. V. ii. 230 their repair hither.
repair sb.- (not prt-S.)
1 restoration AVint. v. i. 31 for roijally's r., John
III. iv. 113 repair and health, Cym. in. i. 57.
2 /Vf,s7( repair, healthful state Sonn. iii. 3.
repair vb.': to return LLL. v. ii. 293, MND. iv. i.
73 May all to Athens back ar/ain r., Tim. in. iv. 70
to r. some other hour. •[ The prevailing meaning
is 'go, betake oneself.
repair vb.-':
1 to restore, renew (with immaterial object) 3H6 in.
iii. 193 to r. my honour, lost for him, H8 v. i. 3 to
repair our iiuture, Otli. ii. iii. 363, Cym. ii. ii. 12.
2 to refresh, revive (a person) Gent. v. iv. 11 H. mc
n'lth thy presence, Silcia, AH'sW. i. ii. 30 It much
repairs me To talk of your yood fa/h(r.
3 toiemedy (an evil) Lr. iv. i. 77 /'// r. the misery,
IV. vii. 28 A', those violent harms, Per. iv. ii. 122.
repairingf : that recovers easily 2H6 v. iii. 22.
repast : to feed Ham. iv. v. 1 16 H. them inlh my blond.
repast : in R3 iv. iv. 397 app. misprint for orepasi :
^fc ill-used, s.v. ILL-.
repasture: food LLL. iv. i. 96.
repeal sb. : recall from exile Gent. in. i. 235, Cws. iii.
i. 54. ^ The only S. use.
repeal vb. (1 see the prec. word)
1 to recall from exile K2 ii. ii. 49 The banish'd Doling-
broke r-s himself. Cor. v. iv. 71 [v. 5] ; fig. AIl'sW.
II. iii. 55 whose banish'd sense Thou hast reptal'd.
2 to call back into favour or honour Lr. in. vi. 122
r-s and reconciles thee, 0th. ll. iii. .366 That she r-s
him for her body's lust (=attempts togetliim re-
st (u-ed). [iv. iii. 274.
repent: to live out (a time) in repentance All'sW.
repetition: recital, mention All s\V. v. iii. 22 kill
All r. (=check any mention of what is past), John
II. i. 197 these til-tuned repetitions. Cor. i. i. 48 he
hath faults . . . to tire in repetition, Lucr. 1285.
repine : dissatisfaction Yen. 4'.t0.
replenish: tofill hucr.VSbl saw the blood hischeeks r.
replenished: complete, perfect LLL. iv. ii.27 his
intellect IS notr. ; he is only an animal, Wint. ii. i.
78 The most replenish'd villain, R3 iv. iii. 18.
replication (2 not pre-S.)
1 reply LLL. iv. ii. 15, Ham. iv. ii. 13, Compl. 122.
2 reverberation Cass. I. i. 50.
report sb. (the sense ' wliat is said about some-
thing ' is very freq. in various phrases : yirei/ood
r. speak well (of a person) AVint. v. ii. 170[i62|,
viake >--.s = speak All sW. iv. iii. 344, suffer the r.
^ be told Cym. i. iv. 63)
1 rumour, common talk AYL. i. i. 6 r. speaks
goldenly of his profit, 1H6 ii. iii. 18 I see r. is fabu-
lous and false. Ant. ii. ii. 192 ifr. be sqriare to her.
Per. I. i.'35.
2 reputation, good name Meas. ii. iii. 12 Hath
blister'd her >•., Ado in. i. dl foremost in r. through
Italy,
3 testimony {to), commendation (S.; LLL. ii. i. 63
my r. to his great iiorthiness, Sonn. Ixxxiii. 5 there-
fore have I slept in yourr. ( = in commending you).
4 resounding noise K3 iv. iv. 153 report oftvur.
report vb. (2 cf. hei-ort sb. 3)
1 to give an account of, describe Meas. in. ii. 176,
Cor. V. iv. 28 if you r. him truly. Ham. v. ii. 353
r. me and my cause aright ; refl. Cym. ll. iv. 83
figures So likely to report themselves.
2 (?) to speak in commendation of Wint. in. i. 3.
3 to speak in a certain way of All'sW. iii. v. 57
There is a gentleman . . . H-s but coarsely of Iter ;
to relate, state lH4ii.iv.461 as ancient writers do r.
reporter : informant Ant. n. ii. 196.
reporting-ly : by liearsay (S.) Ado iii. i. 116.
reposal, reposure : act of placing (trust) Lr. ii. i.
70 (,Ff rrposalil, Qq reposure).
reprie'vre: time during wliich one is reprieved
Meas. II. iv. 40 his reprieve. Longer or shorter.
reprisal: prize 1H4 iv. i. 118.
reproach vb. (once) : to bring disgrace upon Meas.
V. i. 422 reproach your life.
reproachful : abusive Tit. i. i. 308, ii. i. 55.
reproachfully : shamefully 2H6 n. iv. 98 us'd r.
reprobance (S.): reprobation, rejection by God
0th. v. ii. 201 fall to reprobance (Qq reprobation).
reprobate : depraved, morally degraded LLL. i. ii.
65, Lucr. 300 reprobate desire.
reproof (the ordinary sense is freq.)
1 shame, disgrace Err. v. i. 90 She did betray me to
Illy own reproof, Tim. v. iv. 57* Those enemies . . .
^yhom you yoursdves shall set out for reproof.
2 disjiroof, refutation 1H4 i. ii. 212, in. ii. 23 in r.
of many tales devis'd, Troil.i. iii. 33, Cor. ii.ii. 38.
reprove: to disprove, refute Ado ii. iii. 252 [241]
'tis so, I cannot r. it, 2H6 m. i. 40 K. my allegation.
Yen. 7S7.
repugrn : to oppose, resist 1H6 iv. i. 94 r. the truth.
repug'nancy : opposition, resistance Tim. in. v. 46.
repug°nant: offering resistance Ham. ii.ii. 501 [493].
repure (not pre-S.): to purify again Troil. in. ii.21.
repute : to think of, value Gent. n. vii. 59 how will
the vorld r. mc ?, C.rs. ii. i. 295 .1 woman well r-d ;
to think highly o/2H6 iii. i. 48 by reputing of his
high descent.
request : to beg (a person) to come off (i. e. away)
Ant. n. vii. 127 Let me ree/uest you off.
rectuire: to ask, request (a person) Wiv. i. ii. 10
to disire and r. her to . . ., H8 n. iv. 142 / r. your
highness. That it shall please you . . ., Cor. n. ii. 161
He will require thtm. As if . . .
req'oired: reouisite Wint. v. iii. 94, Lr. iv. iii. 7
most required and necessary.
requiring' : demand, request Tp. n. ii. 195 [186],
Meas. III. i. 254, H5 ii. iv. 101 if r. fad, he will
com pi I.
requit (variant of requite, which is more freq.) : to
repay Cor. iv. v. 76 the drops of blood . . . are n-
ijuitted, 0th. IV. ii. 15 (Fi requit, Qi requite), Per.iii.
li. 75 (Qi only) ; pa.pple. requit in Tp. in. iii. 71.
reremice : see reakmice.
rescue: forcible taking of a person out of leg;il
custody Err. iv. iv. 113 I am thy prisoner: wilt
thou suffer them To make a r.t. Cor. in. i. 275 ; fig.
Ant. III. ix. [xi.] 48 diath will seize her, but Vour
comfort makes the rescue.
resemblance: likelihood, probability (S.) Meas.
IV. li. 202 .\'ot II resemblance, hut a certainty.
reservation (the foil, are all the exx.)
1 reserving of something for oneself Lr. i. i. 135
With r. of a hundred knights; resei'ved right ii.
iv. 255(1 r. to he folloiv'd With such a number.
2 keeping a tliins .secret or to oneself All'sAV. II.
iii. 259 make some resenation of your wrongs.
13 -
BESEBVE —
3 kecijing ;i thing for oneself AlTsW. i. iii. 233 In
heedfidl'st r. to bestow them, Cor. in. iii. 128* Mukiiiy
hut r. of yourselves (i.e. keeping only yourselves,
wliile you ' banish your defenders').
reserve (uses now obs. are)
1 to keep safe, preserve All'sW. in. v. 63 n r-d
honesty, Cyni. i. i. 87 Aluuiys r-'d my holy duty
( = ' so far as I may say it without breach uf <luty '
J.), I. iv. 148, Per. iv. i. 39, Sonn. Ixxxv. 3 (' pre-
serve their style by labouring it precisely ',
Wyndham).
2 to keep alive Meas. v. i. 468 one in the prison . . .
I have reserv'd alive.
3 to keep in one's possession 0th. iii. iii. 295 she
r-s it evermore about her, Sonn. xxxii. 7 These
poor rude lines . . . Heserce them for my love, not for
their rime.
4 to retain (in a certain function) R3 iv. iv. 72
Only reserv'd their [i.e. hall's] factor.
reserved: with the reservation that IHG v. iv.
167 Only reserv'd you claim no interest. • ■ ■ _
residence: reniainins in a place or state AU'sW.
II. V. 43, Ham. ii. ii.''353 [343]. [«(rth re.siyn.
resign : to submit (fig.) Rom. iii. ii. 50 Vile tarth, to
resist : to repel (S.) Per. ii. iii. 29 These catcs r. me.
resolute : desperado, brave Ham. i. i. 98.
resolution: conviction, certainty Lr. i. ii. 111.
resolve sb.: firmness of purpose 1H6 v. v. 75 of so
hiyh resolve.
resolve vb. (cf. resolved ; 4 common 17th cent.)
1 to dissolve, melt Tim. iv. iii. 445 r-s The moon into
salt tears, Compl. 296 his 2^<^ssion . . . r-'d my
reason into tears ; also refl. and intr. John v. iv.
25 (IS a form of wax R-th from his ,fifj are 'yainst the
fire, Ham. l. ii. 130 Thaw and r. thyself into a dew.
2 to answer (a question, &c.) AYL. iir. ii. 247 to r.
the propositions of a lover ; with double object Shr.
IV. ii. 7 What, master, read yon ? first r. me that,
R3 IV. ii. 116 r. me whether you will orno. Tit. v.
iii. 35 r. me this: Was it . . .? ; to solve (a riddle)
Per. I. i. 71.
3 to dispel (doubt, fear) John ii. i. 371 our fears,
resolv'd, 3H6 iv. i. 135 Resolve my doubt.
4 to free (one) from doubt or uncertainty, satisfy
the curiosity or anxiety of Meas. in. i. 193, iv. ii.
226 this shall absolutely r. you, 3H6 ir. i. 9 until I
he r-'d Where our . . , father is become, Cxs. in. i.
131, ii. 184, Lr. n. iv. 25, Per. v. 1. 1.
5 to infoi-m (one o/ something) Tp. v. i. 248, R3 iv.
V. 20 lUy Utter will resolve him of my mind.
6 refi. to make up one's mind Wint. v. iii. 86, 3H6
I. i. 49, Mac. in. i. 138.
7 r. for, decide to set out for (a place) 2H4 ii. iii.
67 / will r. for Scotland; — r. on, be sure of 1H6 i.
ii. 91 Risiilic on tins, thou shalt he fortunate.
resolved (freq. in sense ' determined ')
1 prepared in mind (esp. for some evil) Meas. in.
ii. 269 r. to die. Tit. i. i. I'i5 sta)id r-'d; but hope
withal ; so r. for Wint.iv.iii.[iv.] 521, 2H6 v.i.l94.
2 resolute John v. yi. 29 a r. villain, R3 i. iii. 340
my hardy, stout resolved males. [ii. 124.
3 convinced 1H6 in. iv. 20 r. of your truth, 3H6 n.
4 (leteiTuincd upon, deliberate John n. i. 685 a r-'d
and honourable war, 2H4 iv. i. 2Vi r-'d correction.
resolvedly : so that doubt and uncertainty are re-
moved All'sW. v. iii. 337.
resort: recourse to or visiting of a place or person
Gent. in. i. 108 she . . . kept severely from resort of
men, Tim. i. i. 128 to forbid him her r. ( = visiting
her by way of courtship), Ham. ii. ii. 143 lock
herself from his resort ( = his going to sec her).
resorter : frequenter Per. iv. vi. 27.
respect sb. (the mod. sense of 'deferential regard
or esteem ' is one of the most freq.)
182 —BEST
1 phr. in r. of, (i) in comparison with Ado in. iv.
19, LLL. v. ii. &i6 Rector was but a Troynn in r. of
this, AYL. III. ii. 69, Ci«s. I. i. 10; (ii) in con-
sideration of, on account of Gent. in. i. 330 She is
not to be Jiissedfastini}, in r. of her breath, 1H4 ii.
iii. 2, Ham. v." ii. 121 ; (iii) in regard to MND. i.
i. 137 misgraffed in respect of years, AYL. lii. ii. 13.
2 in r., (i) in comparison 3H6 v. v. 56 He was a mait ;
this, in r., a child; (ii) as a coii.j. with a clause
following=considering, seeing AYL. in. ii. 14 in
r. that it is a shepherd's life, it is naiifjlit •,—in my r.,
as far as I am concerned MNL). ii. i. 224 yoa in my
respect are all the world, Cyni. ii. iii. 140.
3 without r., without reference to circumstances
Mer.V. V. i. 99.
4 regard, consideration, reflection LLL. v. ii. 790,
MND. V. i. 91 noble r., Mer.V. i. i. 74 You have too
much r. upon the world. Cor. in. i. 180 On botit sides
more r., Yen. 911, Lucr. 275 Respect and reason.
5 discrimination Tw.N. n. iii. 100 /6' there no r. of
jilace, persons, iior time, in you ?.
6 heed, care, attention Meas. n. ii. 86, R2 n. i. 25
So be it new, there's no r. how vile, 1H4 iv. iii. 31
vouchsafe me heariny and respect. Per. in. iii. 33.
7 consideration, fact or motive regarding something
Wiv. n. i. 45 if it were not for one trifliny r., John
V. iv. 41 Ttie love nf him, and this r. hcsiilrs, R3 in.
vii. 174, Ham. in. ii. 195 base r-s of thrift, Lr. i. i.
251 respects of fortune, Sonn. xlix. 4.
8 state of being esteemed, honoured, or valued
Al^s^V. V. iii. ViMliisriny, Whosehiyh r John
V. vii. 85 with honour and r.; rank, standing Caes.
I. ii. 69 many of the best r. in Rome, v. v. 45 a fellow
of a ijood respect.
respect vb. (1 see respecting)
1 to regard, consider, take into account Gent. v. iv.
54 In love Who respects friend?, Err. iv. iv. 43 re-
spice finem, respect your end. Yen. 911.
2 to heed, pay attention to, care for Gent. in. i. 89
1V7(« hir with gifts, if she r. not words, R3 l. iii. 296,
I. iv. 157 like a tall fellow that r-s Ins reputation,
Cym. I. vi. 155 ; (with negative) to make light of,
care nothing about LLL. i. ii. 188 the passado he
r-s ncjt, R2 ii. i. 131 tliou r-'st not spilling Edward's
blood, Cxa. IV. iii. 69.
3 to regard or consider as, take for MND. i. i. 160
she r-s me as her only son, 1H4 v. iv. 20 I do r. tine
as my soul, Cor. in. i. 305 [it] is not then r-ed For
what before it was.
4 to esteem, prize, value Gent. i. ii. 131 If you r. them,
best to take them tip, Per. li. ii. 13 So'princes [lose]
their renowns if not respected.
respecting' : h.aVing regard to, considering 2H6 iii.
i. 24, HS n. iv. 178 ; in comparison with Wint, V.
i. 35.
respective (3, 4 not yire-S.)
1 careful Mer.V. v. i. 156*.
2 considerate, courteous John i. i. 188.
3 partial Rom. in. i. 129* respective lenity.
4 worthy of respect Gent. IV. iv. 202 Wliat should it
he thai he r-s in her But I can make r, in myself?,
respectively* : (a) with due respect, (b) particularly
Tim. III. i. 8 you are very 7-espectivcly welcome.
respite (2 not post-S.)
1 date to which something is postponed R3 v. i. 19
the determin'd respite of iin/ wrongs.
2 delay, stay 1H6 iv. i. 170.
responsive: corresponding Ham. v. ii. 159,
rest bb.' (of Anglo-Saxon origin ; 2 only S.)
1 in phr. wishing one good repose Gent. iv. ji. 135
.4)!(/ .so, good rest. Err. iv. iii. 32 God (/iv-e i/ou good
rest, R3'i. iv. 75, v. iii. 43 j cf. Tit. iv. ii. 64.
2 restored vigour or strength 1II4 iv. iii. 21 full of
rest, Cxa. iv. iii. 201 full of rest.
REST —
183
- REVERSION
3 stay Hani. il. ii. 13 your rest here.
xest sb.2 (of FreiR-li origin)
1 (ibove ilie )•., above all, especially Gent. iv. i. GO,
Lr. IV. i. 48, Soiiii. xti. C.
2 at primero, the stakes kept in reserve, wliicli
were agreed upon at tlie beginning of tlie game,
and upon the loss of wliich tlio game terminated ;
tig. what one stands to win or lose H5 ii. i. 17 tlxU
IS my rest ; also phr. set up one's rest, to stake or
hazard one's all, (hence) to be resolved or deter-
mined Err. IV. iii. 'lii, Mer.V. ii. ii. 113 as I lime
set up my rest to riinaivay ; with allusion to rest
sb.' (=repose) Rom. v. iii. 110 here Will [set up my
eierlastiHj) rest, Lr. I. i. Vlb I . . . tliuuijht to set my
rist Oil Iter kind nurseri/.
rest vb.' (the ordinary senses are freq.)
1 r. Ill, to lie ill the power of Meas. i. iii. 31 It r-ed
in your Grace T'linloose this tied-up justice, 3H0
III. ii. 45, Tit. 11. iii. 41 ; r. on, to depend or rely
upon Tit. I. i. 2(57, Ham. iii. iii. 14 ; cf. Jolin v. i. 13.
2 to give (one) repose of mind or soul Mer.V. n. ii.
78 God rest his soul.', Rom. i. iii. 18, Mae. iv. iii.
226 Heatcn rest them now!; hence in conventional
phr. of salutation AYL. v. {.&(> God rest you merry ;
with ' God ' dropped Meas. iv. iii. 190 Rest you mil,
Mer.V. I. iii. 60 it. you fair, Rom. i. ii. 65 r. you
merry. Ant. l. i. 62 Rest you hapjiy.
rest vb.^: used often where ' remain ' would be the
modern word, e.g. Tp. v. i. 144, 1H6 iv. i. 121, H8
V. i. 55, Mae. i. vi. 20, Ham. in. iii. 64.
rest vb.% mod. edd. 'rest : aphetic form of ' arrest '
freq. in 15th-16th cent. Err. iv. ii. 42.
re-stem (S.) : to steer again 0th. i. iii. 37 they do re-
stem Their backward course (Ff ; Qi resterine, app.
misprint for restcmme; Qq23 resterne).
resting': stationary Cies. in. i. 61 the northern star,
Of irliose true-fix'd and resting quality.
restivef: some mod. edd. for eesty.
restore: to make amends for (loss) Sonn. xxx. 14.
^ By extension = to make (amends) MND. v. ii. 6"J
[i. 445] And Robin shall restore amends.
restrain (2 once ; rare outside S.)
1 to keep back, witliliold (something/toi/i a person)
Ii3 v. iii. 323 They would r. tlie one [viz. lands],
Cor. V. iii. 167 That thou r-stfrom me tlieduty which
To a mother's part belonijs, Tim. v. i. 153 r-iny aid
to Timon.
1 to draw tight Shr. in. ii. 60.
restrained: withheld, prohibited Meas. ii. iv. 40.
restraint (2 not pic-S.)
1 keeping back or out Err. in. i. 97.
2 constraint, reserve AIl'sW. ii. iv. 45, v. iii. 215,
Tw.N. V. i. 85.
resty: inactive, inert, sluggish Troil. i. iii. 263 Who
in this.. . lonff-continu'd truce Is r.i/roirn (Fi rusty),
Cym. in. vi. 34 r. sloth, Sonn. c. 9 Rise, r. Muse.
resume : (?) to take (care) Tim. ii. ii. 4.
retain : to have in one's service H8 i. ii. 192.
retention (2 only Eliz.)
1 power of retaining things in the mind, memory
iSonn. cxxii. 9 TIkU poor r. ; capacity for holding
Tw.N. n. iv. 98 they lack retention.
2 detention, eonfineme'it Lr. v. iii. 48.
retentive : holding, confining Tim. in. iv. 83 my r.
enemy, Cses. l. iii. 95. [sense)
retire sb. (2 common 1550-1600 ; 3 the commonest S.
1 retirement, withdrawal LLL. ii. i. 232.
2 return John ii. i. 253, Luci-. 573.
3 retreat in warfare .Tohn n. i. 326, Cor. i. vi. 3 Xor
cowardly in retire, Lucr. 174.
retire vb. (1 an Eliz. sense)
1 to return Troil. I. iii. 281, 0th. in. iii. 456 retirimj
ebb, Ven. 906 now she Hill no further, Rut backr-s,
Lucr. 962.
2 refl. to withdraw Tp. v. i. 310 r. me to my Milan,
R2 IV. i. 96 rctir'd himself To Italy, Otli. n. iii.
389 R. thee ; go where thou art billetid ; to retreat
in battle John v. iii. 13.
retired: withdrawn into oneself Wint. iv. iii. [iv.J
62 ; subsided John v. iv. 53 « . . . retired Jiood.
retirement: retreat, refuge 1H4 iv. i. 56.
retort (2 only S.; in Wiv. ii. ii. 4 Qq 7 will r. the
sum 171 equipaiie perhaps a humorous use of the
sense ' return a blow ')
1 to reflect (heat) Troil. in. iii. 101.
2 to reject (an appeal) Meas. v. i. 298.
retrait(e : retreat 2H4 in. ii. 289 (later Ff retreat).
^ A common 16th cent, form, occurring once in
S., ritreat occurring 10 times.
retreat : recall of a pursuing force 2H4 iv. iii. 78.
retrograde (occurs twice)
1 (of planets) moving apparently in a direction
contrary to the order of the signs, or from east
to west AU'sW. I. i. 215 born under Mars . . .
When he was ritroyrade.
2 contrary or repugnant (to) Ham. i. ii. 114.
return sb.: answer, retort H5ii. iv. 127.
return vb.'
1 retl. to turn away 1H6 in. iii. 56 R. thee therefore,
with n flood of tears.
2 to turn back again Veil. 704 see the dew-bedabbled
wretch Tarn, and r. ^ The foil, senses are not re-
corded before S. : 'to give back ' (Tim. i. ii. 6), ' to
give or send 'an answer (Tw.N.i.i. 25, lH6n.v.20),
' to say by way of answer ' (R2 in. iii. 121, Per.
11. ii. 4), ' to give ' thanks(lH6 ii. ii. 51), ' to re-
pay, pay back ' (H5 iv. vii. 190, Lr. i. i. 99).
revenge sb. (the pi. is freq. used=sing.)
1 pi. (one's) vindictive desires All'sW. v. iii. 10 my
rtccwjcs were liiyh bent upon him.
2 avenging of a person 1H6 i. v. 35 strike a stroke
in his rcvenye, 2H6 in. ii. 127, Lucr. Arg. 20.
3 in rercnije of, in return for Gent. i. ii. 107.
revenge vb. (in the trans, use the injury or the
person injured is the object)
1 pass, be r-d, to take vengeance (freq.) ; const, of
= on 2H4 11. iv. 165 (Q ; Ff on) ; const, on = for
Lucr. 1778/0 be revenyed on her death.
2 intr. to take vengeance Mer.V. in. i. 72, 3H6 i.
iv. 36 may briny forth A bird that will r. upon you
all, Tit.iv.i.l29 R., ye heaiens, for old Andronicus.
revengement: retribution, punishment 1H4 in.
ii. 7. ^ Very common 1540-1650.
revengingly (S.) : in revenge Cym. v. ii. 4.
revengive (S.) : vindictive Lr. n. i. 47 the r. ijods
(Qq ; Vi revenging).
reverb (S. coinage, app. shortened from reverberate,
which occurs twice) : to re-echo Lr. i. i. 156.
reverberate adj.: reverberating, resounding
Tw.N. I. V. 293 »-. hills. T] Ben Jonson has 'a
reuerberate glasse '.
reverence: save or saving your r., an apologetic
phr. introducing a remark that might offend the
hearer Ado in. iv. 33, 1H4 ii. iv. 523 [515], Rom.
1. iv. 42, Cym. iv. i. 5 ; corrupted to sik-revek-
ENCE, q.v.
reverend, reverent : in old edd., as commonly
in the 16th-17th cent., used indifferently in the
senses ' worthy of respecter reverence', 'exhibit-
ing or feeling reverence '.
reverse : back-handed stroke Wiv. ii. iii. 27 ; cf.
punto reverse, s.v. funto.
reversion: prospect of possessing a thing at some
future time lH4iv. i. 53; in r., destined to come
into a person's possession, or to be realized in
the future R2 l. iv. 35 As ivere our England in r.
his, Troil. HI. ii. 99 A'o perfection in r. shall huv6
a praise m present.
REVERT —
184
RIFE
revert : to return Ham. iv. vii. 23 nty arrows . . .
^\'oald liaie riiirtcd to iiiij huio a(/aiit.
reverted: (?)in opposition or rebellion Err. iii.ii. 127.
review : to see again Wint. iv. iii. [iv.J 683 ; to
survey Sona. Ixxiv. 5.
revokement (not pre-S.) : revocation H8 i. ii. 106.
revolt sl.>.' (the gen. sense of 'casting off of
allej-'iance, obedience, or faithfulness ' is freq. ;
2 only S.)
1 i/ue (one) the reioU, to rebel against Mac. v. iv. 13.
2 rcioU to, relapse inlo LLL. v. ii. 74.
3 revulsion of appetite T\v.\. ir. iv. 101.
revolt sb.2: rebel John v. ii. 151, v. iv. 7, Cym. iv.
iv. 6 iintwlund rttolts.
revolution: alteration, change (esp. as wrought
by time) LLL. iv. ii. 70 motioux, r-x, 2H4 in. i. 46
the r. of the times. Ham. v. i. 96 Here's fine r.. Ant.
I. ii. 134, Sonn. lix. 12 wlitther r. he the srtme.
revolve: intr. to consider Tv^.N. ii. v. 157 // this
/(ill into till] hand, remlee.
re-word (not prc-S.)
1 to repeat in words Ham. iii. iv. 143.
2 to re-echo Compl. 1.
rhapsody : string (of words) Ham. in. iv. 48.
Rhenish (old edd. Heinisli, Heiuush, Rciush): Rhine
wine Mer.V. I. ii. 102, iii. i. 45, Ham. i. iv. 10,
V. i. 196.
rheum (sec also salt rheum)
1 watery matter secreted by glands, &c. (i) saliva
Mer.V. I. iii. 118, H5 iii. v. 52 spit and void his r.
upon ; (ii) mucus from the nose Err. in. ii. 132 ;
(iii) tears Ado v. ii. 88, Johniii. i. 22 thatlamcnl-
uble r., IV. i. 33, iii. 108, Cor. v. v. [vi.l 46 women's
rheum. Ham. ii. ii. 537 [529] hisson rheum.
2 morbid defluxion of liumours (such as was sup-
posed to cause rheumatism), also, catarrh Meas.
III. i. 31 the yiiul, serpii/o, and the r., Wint. iv. iii.
[iv.] 412, Troil. v. iii. 105 a r. in mine eyes. Ant.
III. ii. 57.
rheu'niatic : characterized by or affected witli
'defluxion of rheum' MND. n. i. 105 r. diseases,
Ven. 135 r., andcold ; inducing ' rlieuin ' (sense 2)
Wiv. III. i. 47 this raw r. day. Tf Misused in 2H4
11. iv. 01, H5 11. iii. 40.
rheumy: inducing 'rheum' (sense 2) Cses. ii. i.
266 the rlienmij and ^inpuri/ed air.
vhymef : sjielling of rime in some mod. edd.
rib: to enclose with a strong protection Mer.V. ii.
vii. 51, Cym. lii. i. 19.
rihald : (?) offensively noisy Troil. iv. ii. 9 the bustj
dill) . . . halh rous'd the ribald crows.
rihaudred: (?j lewd, wanton Ant. iii. viii. 20 [x.
10| Yon r. nay of Eijiipt. ^ Perhaps an alteration
of the Eliz. adj. ' ribaudrous ' ; or (?) meant for
'ribaudried' (from 'ribaudry ').
rich (ordinary senses are freq.)
1 applied to eyes that have seen much AYL. iv. i.
25, All's W. V. iii. 17.
2 rich opinion, good reputation 0th. ii. iii. 197.
rich'd: enriched Lr. i. i. G6.
rid (2 the usual phr. was ' rid ground ')
1 to make away with, kill, destroy Tp. I. ii. 364 the
red plaijue rid you, R2 v. iv. U, 2H6 in. i. 233 This
Gloucester should be i/uickly rid the world, 3H6 v. v.
67, Sonn. cxxxix. 14 rid my pain.
2 rid way, to cover the ground quickly, make rapid
progress 3H6 v. iii. 21 We . . . \YiU thither slraiyht,
for willinf/ness rids way.
ride (pa. pp'le. j-orf« 2H4 v. iii. 96, 115 iv. iii. 2 in intr.
.senses, riddenVt'iv. v. v. 148, H8ii. ii. 3 in trans.,
rid MND. V. i. 119, C;es. in. ii. 274 in liotli)
1 to rest or turn as on a pivot or axle 1H4 v. ii. 83
ll' life did ride upon a dial's pond, Troil. I. iii. 67 the
axle-lrte On tvhich heaven rides.
2 ride oat, to sustain (a storm) without great damage
Per. IV. iv. 31.
3 to train (a horse) H8 ii. ii. 3. [ii. 204.
4 to tyrannize over, harass Wiv. v. v. 148, Err. ii.
rider: horse-trainer AYL. i. i. 14.
rife : (?) current MKL>. v. i. 42 huw many sports are
rife (Q 1 ripe).
rift : to split ; intr. Wint. v. i. 66 ; trans. Tp. v. i. 45.
rigrgish : wanton Ant. ii. ii. 248.
right sb.' :
1 just or equitable treatment ; phr. do (one) r., to
do him justice, give him satisfaction Ado i. i. 254
[246] I will do myself the riyht to trust none, v. i. 152
Do me )"., or I will protest your cowardice, Tit. i. i. 20 J
Humans, do me rii/ht : Patricians, draw your swords ;
with ref. to pledging a person by drinking to him
2H4 V. iii. 74 U7(^, now you have done me riyht.
2 justifiable claim to have or to do something ; in
{the) r. of, in support or by virtue of the claim of
John II. i. 153 In r. of Arthur do I claim oftliee, &c.,
lH6in. i. lid this scroll. .. Wliich inther.ofliichard
I'lanlayenit We do exhibit, Cor. iii. iii. 14 It shall be
so, r the riyht aitd strenf/lh o' the commons.
3 the r., the straight road Jolin i. i. 170' Homethiny
about, a little f rain the riijht. [i. 139.
rights!).^: erroneous old spelling of 'rite' MXD. iv.
rig'ht adj.: straight LLL. v. ii. 566 tt [sc. your nose]
stands too riyht.
ri^ht adv. (the sense 'very' is the most freq.)
1 inastraight course or line; r. on, straight on Cks.
in. ii. 227, Compl. 26 ; fig. r. out, outright, com-
pletely Tp. IV. i. 101 And be a boy riyht out.
2 exactly, just Err. v. i. 358 here beqins his nwrninf)
s/ory r., MND. IV. ii. 32 r. as it fell out, R3 I. iv.
251, Troil. I. iii. 170 'Tis Xestor r.\ plir. r. now,
just now 2H6 in. ii. 40.
3 properly John ii. i. 139 an I catch you r., in. i. 183,
3H6 I. iv. 160.
rigrht-drawn : drawn in a just cause K2 i. i. 46.
rigrhteously : rightly AYL. i. ii. 14. [r. jadye.
rig-htful: doing right, just Mer.V. iv. i. 'i(i2 Most
rig-ht-hand A'^e : aristocratic party Cor. ii. i. 26.
rightly: directly, straight K2 ii. ii. 18 perspectives
. . . riyhthj yaz'd npon.
rig'ol(l : ring, circle 2H4 iv. v. 35 this yolden r.{ - the
crown), Lucr. 1745 About the mournniy and coh'
yealed face. Of that black blood a ivatery r. goes.
•[1 The meaning is app. derived from the sense of
groove running round a thing, wliich belongs to
the variant forms ' rigal ', ' riggal ', ' riggle '.
rim (old edd. rym{me): short for 'rim of the belly',
the lining membrane of tlie abdomen, the peri-
toneum H5iv. iv. 15 I will fetch thy rim out at thy
titroat.
rime, rimer: the only spellings (except occas.ri/xte)
in old edd. of the words now usu. written 'rhyme',
' rhymer '.
ring : cracked within the riiiy, (of a coin) having the
circle broken that surrounds the sovereign's head
Ham. 11. ii. 457 [448].
ring-carrier (S.) : go-between All'sW. in. v. 92.
ring-time (S.) ; time for exchanging rings, as love-
tokens AYL. V. iii. 21.
rinsing : in old edd. wrencliiny, still a widespread
dial, pronunciation H8 i. i. 167.
rioter: reveller Tim. in. v. 69.
riotous: dissolute Tim. ii. ii. 169, Lr. i. iv. 267.
ripe (various transf. and fig. uses) : (of lips) red and
full MND. in. ii. 139, Lr. iv. iii. 22; ready for
birth R2 it. ii. 10; grown-up AYL. iv. iii. 89 a
ripe sister{Fi); requiring imniediato satisfaction
Mer.V. I. iii. 64 ripe wants; ready for use or posses-
fdon MND. v. i. 42 liow many sports are ripe (Qj),
R3 III. vii. 157 the ripe reicniu.
XtZVAGE -
185
— ROUND
rivage : sliore H5 iii. Chor, 14.
rival sb.: partner, associate Ham. i. i. 13 The rimh
of mil H'utch.
rival vb. : to compete/or Lr. i. i. 104.
rivality : partnership, equalitj' Ant. iii. v. 9.
rive (pa.pple. only rmd)
\ to cleave, split ; trans. Troil. l. iii. 316, C:vs. i. iii.
6 ; intr. Troil. I. i. 37.
2 to burst IHO iv. ii. 29 To r. their datigo-oits niiilhrij
Upon . , . English Talbot.
rivelled: wrinkled Troil. v. i. 26 (Qj).
rivo : oxolaniation (? of Spanish origin) useil at
drinking-bouts 1H4 ii. iv. 126.
road (2 very common 1500-1650 ; 4 not pre-S.)
1 Journey on horseback H8 IV. ii. 17 yl< /((»•/, loilh rasij
ronds, he mine to Leicester.
2 hostile incursion, raid H5 i. ii. 1.38 the Scot, who
ii'ill malce rond iipon its. Cor. iir. i. 5.
3 roadstead Gent. i. i. 53, Mer.V. i. i. 19, Shr. ii. i.
369 [377] lynif) in M<(rseilUs' road.
4 highway AYL. ir. iii. 33 enforce A thievish lirinr/
on tlie common r., 1H4 ii. i. 16 the most rillannns
house in all J^ndon r. for fleas, 2H4 ii. ii. 183 ; fig.
way, course Ado v. ii. 34 in the even r. of a btaiili
verse, Mer.V. li. ix. 30 in the force and r. of casualty.
Cor. V. i. 60 Yon Icnoiv the very r. into his kindness ;
phr. Per. iv. v. 9 out of the road ofruttiny.
roadway (not pre-S.) : highway 2H4 ii. ii. 65.
roar (orig. a ditt'erent word from the 'roar' of lions,
cannon, &c., but associated with it in modern
times, esp. in echoes of the Hamlet p.Tssage)
1 confusion, tumult Tp. i. ii. 2 yon have I'ut the wild
waters in this roar.
2 set on a r., provoke to a wild outhurst of mirth
Hani. V. i. 210.
rob: to cut off /row the possibility of doing some-
thing K2 I. iii. 173 death. Which robs my tonyne
from hreathiny native breath.
rototlstioilS : violent, boisterous H5 in. vii. 164 r.
and roiiyh coming on. Ham. m. ii. 10 a r. periwig-
pated feiloin.
rogTie (1 orig. a canting term of the 16th cent.; tlie
Diet, of the Canting Crew, 170n, defines ' Rogues '
as 'the fourth Order of Canters' ; 3 common in
the 17th cent, dramatists)
1 one of aclass of idle vagrants or vacabonds Wint.
IV. ii. [iii.] 107, Lr. iv. vii. 39 To liovel thee with
sivine and r-s forlorn.
2 rascal (freq.) ; applied abusively to ser\'ants Shr.
IV. i. 150 Out, yon royue.'.
3 term of endearment 2H4 ii. iv. 232 i/on sireei liffh
r., Lr. V. iii. 13, 0th. iv. i. 112 Alas; poor r., I
think . . . she loves me.
rog'iiing' : vagrant Per. iv. i. 96 roguing thieves.
rogTlish : vagrant Lr. lir. vii. 104 his r. madness.
roistingf: blustering, bullying Troil. ii. ii. 208.
roll sb. (2 not pre-Eliz.)
1 list, register (fig.) 1H4 iir. i. 43 in the r. of common
men, Ant. v. ii. 180 i' the roll of conquest.
2 muster-roll 2H4 in. ii. 107.
3 master of the rolls, keeper of the rolls, patents,
and grants that pass the great seal, and of all
records of the Court of Chancery 118 v. i. 35.
roll vb.: out of 13 cxx. 9 refer to turning of the
eyes in different directions.
romag'e (old form of 'rummage'): bustle, commo-
tion Ham. I. i. 107 post-haste and romnye.
Boman: (of handwriting) applied in Eliz. times to
a variety of the sloping Italian hand Tw.N. in.
iv. 32 the sweet B. hand ; of the character of the
ancient Roman alphabet Tit. v. i. 1.39 R. letters.
Borne : rhymes with words in -oom Lucr. 715, 1644 ;
associated in word-play with room John in. i. 180
let it be That I have room with Home to curse airhde.
Bomish : of Rome, Roman, Gym. i. vi. 152. ^ This
use was current from Kliz. times to 1800.
rondure: circle Sonn. xxi. 8. T] Cf. boundure.
ronyon* (not pre-S.) : abusive term for a woman
^Viv. IV. ii. X'-J^ yon bayyaye . . . your. (Fi Runnion),
Mac. I. iii. 6 ttie rump-fed ronyon. [iv. 40.
roof 'd ; under one's roof, in one's house Mac. in.
rook : to squat, crouch 3H6 v. vi. 47 The raven rooli'd
her on the chimney's top. ^J In general literary
use from I3th cent, to Eliz. times, afterwards
dial, in tlie form of ' ruck ' (as in Golding, Gabriel
Harvey).
rooky: full of rooks Mac. iii. ii. 51 the r. wood.
room igivc room, and simply room, - make way)
1 place assigned to one Shr. in. ii. 253 let iJiniira
lake her sister's r., John in. iv. 93, R2 v. v. 108
O'o thon and fill another r. in hell, 3H6 ii. vi. 54,
in. ii. 132, Sonn. Iv. 10.
2 in their r-s, in their stead Ado i. i. 312 [.304].
root sb.: the ' bottom ' o/the heart (lent. v. iv. 103
How oft hast thou with perjury cleft I hi rcol :, Troil.
IV. IV. 54 my heart will be bluirii I'tji by the root. Cor.
n. i. 204 at very root on 's heart. Ant. v. ii. 105
smites ily very heart at root.
root vb.': to fix firmly by the root, implant deeply
Gent. II. iv. 163 lest the base earth tihonld . . . Dis-
dain to root the summer-swelling flower, Sonn. cxlii.
11 Root pity in thy heart.
root vb.=: to dig up with the snout Tim. v. i. 170
W'lio, like a boar . . . doth root itn JJis country's
peace. Veil. 636 as lie roots the mead. ^ Later Ibiiii
of ' wroot ', associated with root vb.' = uproot.
rope : halter Tp. i. i. 35 the rope of his destiny ; as a
derisive cry (attributed to parrots) 1H6 i. iii. 53
Winchester goose .' I cry a rope .' a rope .'.
ropery : trickery, knavery Koin. n. iv. 155.
^ L.sed also by the dramatist Fletcher.
rope-trick: (?) punning or illiterate distortion of
' rhetoric ' Shr. l. ii. 113.
roping': hanging or flowing down like a rope or
thread H5 in. v. 23 r. icicles, iv. ii. 48 The gum
doirn-roping from their peile-Aead eyes.
rose: cake of roses, preparation of rose-pct.als in the
form of a cake, used as a perfume Rom. v. i. 47.
rosed : rosy Tit. ii. iv. 24 thy rosed lips.
rosemary : used as an emblem at funerals and
weddings Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 74, Rom. n. iv. 221,
228, IV. V. 79, Ham. iv. v. 174 There's r., that's for
remembrance ; indecorating dishes Per. iv. vi. 165.
roted: learnt by rote Cor. in. ii. 55 (Ffroatrd).
rothert: ox Tim. iv. iii. 12 It is the pasture lards
the rolher's sides (Ff Brothers).
rotten: applied to unwholesome vapour, dc. Cor.
II. iii. 35 r. dews, in. iii. 119 reek of the r. fens,
Tim. IV. iii. 2 R. humidity, Lucr. 778 r. damps,
Sonn. xxxiv. 4 their (clouds] rotten smoke.
rough-hew: to shape roughly Ham. v. ii. 11.
round sb. (1 an Eliz. use)
1 this mortal round, the earth Ven. 368.
2 circle, circlet Wiv. rv. iv. 52, Mac. i. v. 29 the
golden round ( = crown), iv. i. 88.
3 circular movement Compl. 109 ; circular dance
MXD. n. i. 140, Mac. iv. i. 1.30.
4 roundabout way MND. in. i. 112*.
round adj. :
1 (of a sum of money) large, considerable Mer.V. i.
iii. 104, H8 v. iv. 86 round fines.
2 plain, straightforward 0th. i. iii. 90 a round
unvarnish'd tale.
3 plain-spoken, not mincing matters Tw.N. n. iii.
104, H5 IV. i. 219 Your reproof is something ton r..
Ham. in. i. 192, Lr. i. iv. 58 he ansirend me in
the roundest manner, he would not.
round adv.: straightforwardly Ham. n. ii. 1.39.
BOUND -
round vb.' (^ peculiar to S.) [n -ilee}!.
1 to finish off Tp. iv. i .158 our little life Is r-ed witit
2 to surround, encircle, encompass MND. iv. i. 57,
All'sW. I. iii. 160, R:J in. ii. I'il Hit liollow civint
Tlidt r-.i the mortal ttiitjitis of a tiiwj, K:i iv. i. 5y.
3 to liem in Troii. i. iii. 196.
4 to become spherical Wint. ii. i. 16 ; cf. round-
7comh(d Lr. i. i. 14. „ „ , ,
round vb.-: to whisper Wint. I. ii. 217, John ii. i.
566 roundtd in the ear.
roundel: round dance MXD. ii. ii. 1.
roundly :
1 completely, thoroughly 2H4 irr. Ii. 21.
2 plainly, outspokenly, unceremoniously Slir. i. ii.
59, III. ii. 217, &c.
3 without circumlocution or beating about the bush,
straight AYL. v. iii. 12, 1H4 i. ii. 24, Troil. mi.
ii. 161. {thy head.
4 glibly R2 ii. i. 122* This tongue that riinf: nor. in
roundure : circuit, enclosure John ii. i. 259 the r.
of your old-fac'd walls (Ff rounder ; cf. ivafter=
waftnre). 1| Cf. kondure.
rouse sb. (prob. arose from phr. ' drink carouse ',
apprehended as ' drink a rouse ')
1 full draught of liquor, bumper Ham. i. ii. 127 the
kiny's r., i. iv. 8 takes his r., 0th. ii. iii. 68 they
have (jiven me a r. already — Good faith, a little one.
2 carouse, drinking-bout Ham. ii. i. 58.
rouse vb. :
1 to cause (an animal) to rise from bis lair 1H4 i. iii.
198 To r. a lion, Tit. ii. ii. 21 / have dons . . . ^Ylll
r. the proudest panther. Yen. 240 ; fig. R2 ii. iii. 128
To r. his lerowjs and chase them tothebay, .3H6 v. i.6.5.
2 to raise 2H4 iv. i. 118 Being mounted and both r-d
in their seats ; reli. H5 i. ii. 275, iv. iii. 43 yVill
stand a tip-toe . . . And r. him, Ant. v. ii. 286, Lucr.
541.
3 to rise up, stand on end Mac. v. v. 12.
4 intr. to wake up Mac. iii. ii. 53 night's black agents
to their preys do rouse.
rout (the sense of 'disorderly flight' is not pre-Eliz.)
1 disorderly or disreputable crowd 2H4 iv. i. 33, ) v.
ii. 9 a rout of rebels, 1H6 iv. i. 173.
2 the (.common) rout, the common herd, the rabble
Err. HI. i. 101 the common »•., Shr. iii. ii. 184 after
vie . . , the rout is coming, Caes. i. ii. 78.
3 riot, uproar Otli. ii. iii. 212.
row: (?) stanza Ham. ii. ii. 447 [4.38] The first row
of the pious chanson.
[royal sb.: gold coin value lOshillings; onlyalluded
to in puns All'sW. ii. i. 75 (?), R2 v. v. 57, 1H4 i.
ii. 156, II. iv. 325 ; see face-koyal.]
royal adj. (the senses of ' belonging to, originating
from, connected with, proceeding from a king or
sovereign ', ' of the rank of a sovereign ' are freq. ;
sometimes applied to dukes)
1 of or consisting of a sovereign or sovereigns John
II. i. 347 add a r. number to the dead, H5 v. ii. 27
this . . . r. interview ; also H8 i. iv. 86 My r. choice
( = el»oice of a king), Mac. i. iii. 56 }•. hope (-pro-
spect of kingship).
2 (devoted) to the king 2H4 iv. i. 193 our r. faiths,
H8 IV. i. 8 their royal minds.
3 performed by kings, Johnm. i. 235 //(/.vr. bargain;
appointed by a sovereign H8 ii.iv.64 this r. session.
4 (of things) magnificent, splendid Tp. v. i. 237 Our
r ,v/i//), Tw.N. II. iii. 190 Sport r., H8 i. i. 42,
IV. i. 37 A r. train, Tim. iii. vi. 56 Ii. cheer, Ant. iv.
viii. .35 which promises royal peril.
5 (of persons, tlieir character, &c.) noble, maicstic,
generous, munificent AYL. iv. iii. 119 r. disposi-
tion, H.') IV. viii. lOr, (( r. fellowship of death, (;a\s.
III. I. 127 Ciesar teas might ij, hold, r., and loiitig, Lr.
v. iii. 178.
l!si, —RULE
6 powerful and wealthy as a king Mer.Y. iii. ii. 240
Hiat royal merchant, iv. i. 29.
royalty (most of the foil, uses are obs.)
1 personality ofasovereign, royal person, (his, your)
majesty Wint. i. ii. 15, John v. li. 129, Ant. i. iii.
91, (Jym. V. v. 39.
2 sovereignty (of a state) R3 in. iv. 40.
3 royal persons, royal family H5 v. ii. 5, Mac. iv.
iii. 155 the succeeding royalty.
4 kingly character Mac. in. i. 50, Cym. iv. ii. 178.
6 emblem of sovereignty, crown John iv. ii. 5, 1H4
IV. iii. 55, R3 v. iv. 17 [v. 4J ; pi. prerogatives and
rights of a sovereign Tp. i. ii. 110 temporal royalties,
John II. i. 176 dominations, royalties, and righti Of
this oppressed boy; of a noble K2 ii. i. 191.
roynish: scurvy, coarse AYL. ii. ii. 8.
rub sb. (3 not pre-S.)
1 in l)owls, an obstacle by which a bowl is hindered
in or diverted from its proper course (tig.) R2 in.
iv. 4.
2 obstacle (physical or otherwise) Johnm. iv. 128
each dust, each straw, each little rub, H5 ii. ii. 188,
Cor. in. i. 59 this . . . rub, laid. . . I' the plain way
of his merit, Ham. in. i. 65 ay, there's the rub.
3 unevenness, inequality Mac", in. i. 134.
rubvb.t in bowls, to encounter an obstacle (allusive-
ly) LLL. IV. i. 143 challenge her to bowl.— I fair too
much rubbing, Troil. ill. ii. 50 r. on, and kiss the
mistress.
rubious (S. coinage) : ruby-colonred Tw.N. i. iv. 32.
ruby: red i>imple on the face Err. in. ii. 1.39.
ruddock: robin Cym. iv. ii. 224 (Ff It<teldfjck(e).
rude: the cliief senses are 'unlearned, ignorant'
LLL. v. i. 97, ' uncultured, unrefined ' 0th. i. iii.
81, ' uncivilized, barbarous ' Cvm. in. vi. 05, ' un-
mannerly' LLL. v. ii. 432, MS'D. in. ii. 262, ' un-
gentle, violent, harsh, brutal ' Gent. v. iv. 60, R2
V. V. 106, (of sea, wind) 'turbulent, rougli ' 2H4
III. i. 2U, Lr. iv. ii. 30, (of sounds) 'discordant,
harsh ' Troil. i. i. 94, (of language) ' lacking polisli
or elegance ' John iv. ii. 150, Sonn. xxxii. 4, (of
natural objects) 'rugged, rough' Tit. ll. iii. 19'J
(nuh-groiring). Ant. i. iv. 04, 'strong or big but
rough inform' John n. i. 262 ; with John v.vii. 27
tliiit indigest Which lie hath left so sliapelcss and ,«o
7-ude(~ unformed) cf. Ovid's 'rudis indigestaque
moles '.
rudely : with violence Cor. iv. v. 148, Lucr. 1 70 ; by
violent or rough behaviour 1H4 in. ii.32 Thy place
in council thou hast rudely lost ; under rough or
harsh conditions Per. in. i. '30 thou art the rudeliest
inh/iihie to this world That . . .
rudeness: violence Troil. i. iii. 207 the great swing
and r. of hispoise, Compl. 104 ; roughness, coarse-
ness Troil. II. i. 58, Cym. iv. ii. 214 brogues . . .
who've rudeness Ansircr'd my steps too loud.
rudesby : unmannerly fellow Rhr. in. ii. 10, Tw.N.
IV. i. 55.
rue : to have pity for Tit. i. i. 105 rue the tears I .<thed.
ruffian : (of tlie wind) to bluster 0th. ii. i. 7.
ruffle sb.: ostentatious bustle or display Compl. .58
the ruffle knew Of court, of city.
ruffle vb. (1 a S. use) [spirits.
1 to stir lip to indignation Cres. in. ii. 232 r. iip your
2 to swagger, bully Tit. i. i. 313.
3 (of wind) to bluster Lr. li. iv. 304 (Qq russel(l).
ruffling'* : (?) swaggering Shr. iv. iii. 00 To deck thy
body with liis ruffling treasure.
rug'g'ed: shaggy Mac. in. iv. \00 the r. . . . hear.
rug-headed (S.) : shock-headed R2 ii. i. 157.
ruinous: brought to ruin or decay Tim. iv. iii. 408
yfinil . . . ruinous man.
rule (3 cf. NIOHT-RUI.EJ
1 law K3 1. ii, 68 r-sof charity, Troil, v. ii. 138, Compl.
RUMMAGE
187
- SA6ITTARY
illijiiinst):, ijdinut stnue; — r.o/{i)i) (id/uie, natural
lawAH'sW. I. i. 150, Ho l. ii. 188, Otli. i. iii. lul.
2 good order, discipline Mac. v. ii. 16 hnrkle his dix-
teinpcr'd cause W'ltlint /In bilt uf f.\ — out n/irm >■.,
in a state of disorder or revolt lH4iv. iii. 3y ;— oi
such )■., so far in order Mer.V. iv. i. 178.
3 conduct, behaviour Tw.N. ii. iii. 133.
Tunimage (mod. eild.) : see homage.
rumour: talk or report (o/a person) 1H6 ii. iii. 7.
rump-fed* : (a) fed on oltal, (b) lat-rumped, (c) fed
on the best joints, pampered Mac. i. iii. 0 the >:
yonyoH.
run : to ride on liorseback rapidly 1 H-t ii. iv. 382 that
runs o' horseback up a hill perpindicittar ; transf.
Tp. T. ii. 254 To run upon the shurp wind of the north.
rnnagfate (later form of ' renegade ')
1 deserter Cym. i. vi. 137 thut rumujate to your bed.
2 vagabond R3 ir; iv. 465, Rom. iii. v. 90 that same
Ui)iishcd runagate, Cym. iv. ii. 62.
riinaway : vagabond, ' runagate ' K3 v. iii. 317 taya-
toiids, rasc<ds, and riinnH'((i/s, Rom. in. ii. 6*.
riinner: fugitive Ant. iv. vii. 14.
rupture (2 if genuine, only S.)
1 breach Meas. iil. i. 244.
2 I?) breaking of waves Per. ii. i. 107 all the r. of the
sea (Rowe rapturtf).
rush sb. (1 the custom of 'marrying' with a rush-
ring was formerly prevalent)
1 used for making a tinger-ring AlVsW. ir. ii. 2.'».
2 as strewn on the floor, esp. for tlie reception of
visitors, &c. Shr. rv. i. 48, 1H4 in. i. 214, 2H4 v.
V. 1, Rom. I. iv. 36, Lucr. 318.
3 emblem of fragility AYL. ur. ii. 394, John iv. iii.
129, Cor. I. iv. 18, "Oth. v. li. 269.
riish vb.: rush aside, to brush aside, or (?) elude
Kom. ni. iii. 26.
riisli-candle : candle of feeble power made by
dipping tlie pith of rush into tallow Shr. iv. v.l4.
rushle : early form of ' rustle ' Wiv. ir. ii. 70.
russel : app. misprint for ruffle Lr. ii. iv. .304.
russet : homely, simple LLL. v. ii. 414 russit ymrs.
•^ • Kiisset' was a coarse homespun cloth.
russet-pated : grey-headed MND. ni. ii.21 russet-
pa/td chuuyhs.
rust sb. : corruption Wint. ni. ii. 172.
rust vb.: to form rust (S.) 3H6 i. iii. 51.
ruth: pity R2 ni.iv.l06, Cor.r.i.203, Sonn. cxxxii.4.
ruthful: lamentable, piteous 3H6 ii. v. 95, R3 iv.
iii. 5 (Ff tliis piece of ru/hfull liutcheri/, Qi|i2 this
rufhles<< piece of butchery), Tit. v. i. 66 lillanics 1{.
in hear.
rxit-time: period of sexual excitement in deer
Wiv. V. V. 15.
rutt-ing : fornication Per. iv. v. 9.
ruttish: lewd, lascivious All'sW. iv. iii. 243.
sa: repeated, accompanies or incites to sudden
.iction Lr. iv. vi. 208 Sa, sa, sa, S((. [Exit Kiurj
rtnniiiifi (Qq). ij Not uncommon in Eliz. drama.
sahle : adj. black Ham. li. ii. 483 [474] irhose s. artn,
lllack as his purpose, Lucr. 117 *■. Xi;/ht, Sonn.
xii. 4 s. curls; —sh. black colour Ham. i. ii. 241
It ii<(s . . , A Sable silrer'd.
sables : fur of the sable, Mustela zibellina, worn
on rich garments Ham.nr.ii. 139" let the deed near
lil((ck, forl'lihaieasuit ofs. (quibbling), iv.vii.80.
sack sb.: general name for a class of white wines
foiTiierly imported from Spain and the Canaries
Tw.X. II. iii. 209 I'll yo burn some S((ck, 1H4 ii. iv.
524 [516] If sack <(nd sui/ar be a fault, God help the
Kicked .', ^ See also siierris.
sack vli.: used loosely = to destroy Rom. m. iii. 106.
sackbut : bass trumiDet with a slide like that of
a trombone for altering the pitch Cor. v. iv. 53.
Sackerson : famous bear of the Paris-Garden in
Soiithwark, "Wiv. i. i. 310.
sacram.ent : take or receive the s., a formula used
as a strong oath or pledge to perform or maintain
something, (hence) to swear, bind oneself All'sW.
IV. iii. 157 I'll take the s. out, R3 1. iv. 212 Thou dtdsi
receive the s. to fiyht . . ., v. iv. 31 [v. 18] as we have
ta'en the s.. We will finite the white rose and the red.
sacred (1 properly = consecrated by religious rite)
1 an epithet of royalty Err. v. i. 133 most s. duke,
John III. i. 148 a s. king, Troil. iv. v. 133 thy
mother. My s. aunt ; SO Sonn. vii. 4 his [the sun's]
sacred majesty.
2 accursed Tit. n. i. 120 our empress, with hers, wit
(prob. witli quibble on sense 1).
sacrificial : having the character of sacrifice or
worship offered to a god Tim. i. i. 82 liain s.
irhisjienngs in his ear.
sacrificing : atti ib. = sacrificial Tit. i. i. 144 s. fre.
sacring- bell : bell rung at the consecration of the
elements at Mass, H8 in. ii. 296.
sad (1 fonnerly a very common sense)
1 grave, serious Gent. i. iii. 1 sad talk. Ado i. i. 191
a sad brow, n. i. 360. MXD. iv. i. 101 in silence sad,
Tw.X. III. iv. 21 / sent for thee upon a sad occasion,
115 IV. i. 321 the sad and solemn priests, eft's, i. ii.
216 That Casar looks so sad.
2 morose, dismal-looking R2 v. v. 70 thett sad dog
That brings me food.
sad-ey'd: grave-looking H5 i. ii. 202 The s. justice.
sadly : gravely, seriously Ado n. iii. 240 [229], 2H4
v. ii. 125, Rom. i. i. 207 sadly tell me who.
sadness: seriousness 3H6 in. ii. IT this merry in-
clination Accordsnot witli tlie s.ofmy suit ; usu.=
phr. in {(food) s., in all seriousness Wiv. in. v. 128,
Rom. i.'i. 205, Yen. 807.
safe adj. (1 not post-S.; 2 not pre-S.)
1 (mentally or morally) sound or sane Meas. i. i.
71 the man ofs. discretion. Cor. n. iii. 226 on a safer
judgement, Cses. l. i. 14 with a safe conscience, Lr.
iv.vi.82 The safer sense, Oth. iv. 1.280 Arc his wits
safe ?, Cym. IV. ii. 131 in all safe reason.
2 siire, tnistworthy Oth. n. iii. 207 Jly blood begins
niy safer guides to rule.
safe vb."(only in Ant.) : to make safe Ant. i. iii. 65
should safe my going ; to conduct safely iv. vi. 26
best you saf'd the bringer Out of the host.
safe adv.: safe toward, with a sure regard to Mac.
I. iv. 27. [483.
safe-co'nducting': conducting safely R3 rv. iv.
safeguard : protection, safety Meas. v. i. 420, Cor.
III. ii. 68 ; in s. of, for the defence or protection of
3H6 n. ii. 18, R3 v. iii. 260 ; on s., on the strength
of a guarantee of safe-conduct Cor. in. i. 9.
safely: in safe custody All'sW. iv. i. 99.
safety (3 syll. in Ham. i. iii. 21 Qq, whei-e Ff read
sanctity; cf. Spenser, 'And of our sa'fetie' good
hee'd to ta'ke ')
1 means of safety, safeguard John iv. iii. 12, Mac.
IV. i;i. 30.
2 safe custody John iv. ii. 158, Rom. v. iii. 183.
saffron: orange-red product of the Autumnal
Crocus, Crocus sativus ; used to colour pastry
All'sW. IV. v. 2 (with allusion to the fashionable
wearing of yellow), Wint. iv. ii. [iii.] 49.
sag: to droop, decline Mac. v. iii. 10.
Sagittary : (2 cf. Centaur as the sign of an inn at
Kpliesns in Err. i. ii. 9)
1 the centaurwho, accordingtomediaeval romance,
fought in the Trojan army against the Greel.s,
Troil. v. V. 14.
SAII.
188
SAUCY
2 (?) nameofaniunOtli. I. i.lb^' (Mi Sagitar, Qq 2 3
Ft .sV(,///(/j(U7/), iii. 115".
sail' : collective sing, ^ships, vessels John iii. iv.__2
A whole ariiuido of cotuicted sail, 0th. i. iii. 37 ;
also pi. Ant. 11. vi. 24 Tliou canst not fear ns,
Poinpey, with thy sails, in. vii. 4'.).
saiP : number (of vessels) sailing Per. i. iv. 61 A
portly sail of ships. [HI. i. 88.
sain: olJ pa.pple. of 'say' used for rhyme in LLL.
sainted :
1 become a saint in heaven Meas. i. iv. Ma thing
insky'd aitd sainttd.
2 saiictifleil, holy Mac. iv. iii. 109.
3 befitting a saint, sacrea All'sW. ni. iv. 7 .?. vnw.
sake : Meas. iv. iii. 21 are . . . for the Lord's sake -
are ' doing time '. "^ ' For the Lord's sake ' was
the cry used by Ludgate prisoners when asking
for alms, i:c. at the grated window. [v. 7;i.
salad days: daysof youtiiful inexiierience Ant. i.
salamander: applied to a fiery -red face IH-t iii.
iii. b.i I hare maintained thai s. of yours with fire
f ref. to the belief that the salamander lived in fire).
salary: reward, foe Ham. iii. iii. 79.
sale : of v., (1) that is to be sold, vendible, venal
LLL.' IV. iii. 240 things of s., Per. iv. vi. 8(j a
creature of s.; (2) for tlie sale of a commodity
Ham. II. i. 60 a house of s., Videlicet, a hrotlid.
sale-work : ready-made work, (hence) work not of
the best quality AYL. iii. v. 43 the ordinary Of
witnre's sale-ivork.
Salique : .">'. laio, the alleged fundamental law of the
French monarchy, by whicli females were ex-
cluded from the succession to the crown H5 i. ii.
91; S. /((Hrf, = Latin 'terra Salica' (a term of
which the meaning is disputed), alleged to mean
France, H5 r. ii. 40 Winch Salique land the French
nnjustly gloze To be the realm of France (cf. Hall's
Chronicle, ' They say that Pharamond made the
law for the land Salieque, which the glose calleth
Fraunce ').
sallet' : a prevalent Eliz. foi-m of salad' 2H6 rv.
X. 9 ; used asa typeof (1) a mixture All'sW. iv. v.
18 she was the swett-inarjorain of the s.; (2) Some-
thing tasty Ham. 11. ii. 471 [402] no s-s in the lines
to make the matter sacoury.
sallet^: in mediaeval armour, a light round head-
piece 2H6 IV. X. 1:!.
salt sb.: applied to tears from their bitter saline
taste John v. vii. 45, Cor. v. v. [vi.] 93 drops of
salt, Ham. I. ii. 154, Lr. iv. vi. 200 a man of salt
(i. e. melting to tears).
salt ad.j.i (freq. epithet of the sea and tears)
1 living in the sea Wiv. i. i. 22 the salt fish.
2 fig. bitter Troil i. iii. 371 salt scorn.
salt adj.': lecherous, wanton Meas. v. i. 402 Wliose
s. imagination, Tim. iv. iii. 85 thy s. hours, 0th. 11.
i. 246 his s. and most hidden loose affection, iii. iii.
405, Ant. II. i. 21. ^ Orig. 'to go'assaut ' = to be
in heat. [rogue.
salt-'butter : attrib. (?) = ' rank ' Wiv. n. ii. i95 s.
Saltier : blunder for ' Satyr' Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 336.
saltne3S : (?) 'rankness' 2H4 i. ii. 113.
salt rheum : irritating discharge of mucus from
the nose, a running cold Err. iii. ii. 132, 0th. iii.
iv. 52 I have a salt and sorry rlieum offends nie.
salt-sea : attrib. in Mac. iv. i. 24 the . . . s. sliark.
salutation (2 only S.; cf. salute)
1 used elliptically LLL. v. i. 38 Most military sir, .v.,
AYL. V. iv. 39.
2 give s. to, to affect (S.) Sonn. cxxi. 6 Give s. to my
sportive blood.
salute: to come in contact with John 11. i. 590 When
Ins fair angels would s. mijpnlm; to all'ect or act
upon H8 II. iii. 103 If this salute my blood a jot.
sample : example Cym. i. i. 48 A s. to the youngest.
sanctified :
1 consecrated, hallowed, holy All'sW. i. i. 154 buried
. . . out of all s. limit, Otli. in. iv. 125 ertry spirit
sanctified, Compl. 233 a mm. Or sis/tr sanctifitd.
2 sanctimonious AYL. 11. iii. 13 s. and liulg traitors,
Ham. I. iii. V.iO sanrtified and pious bawilsf.
sanctify (2 not post-S.)
1 to consecrate (a person) 2H4 iv. v. W^drop^ofbalm
to sanctify thy liead.
2 to honour as holy, reverence All'sW. i. i. 110, in.
iv. 11 His name with . . . fervour sanctify.
3 to impart a blessing or virtue to, sanction All'sW.
I. iii. 253 his good receipt Shall . . . be sanctified liy
the luckiest stars in heaven ; to give a sanctity to
Troil. III. ii. 190.
sanctimonious : sacred Tp. iv. i. 16.
sanctimony : lioliness, sanctity All'sW. iv. iii. 59,
Troil. v. ii. Vii If s. be the gods' delight ; pi. sacred
things Tioil. v.ii. 136 if vows be sanctimonies (Q).
sanctiiarize (not pre-S.) : to atfonl sanctuary to
Ham. IV. vii. 127 Xo place . . . should murder s.
sanctiiary : break s., to violate the right of a sanc-
tuary K3 III. i. 47 Vou break not s. in seizniij him ;
— .s. mt n, ihildren, those who have taken refuse in
a privilimd place of protection R3 in. i. 55, 56.
sandal shoon : shoes Ham. iv. v. 26 (from an old
ballad).
sandblind : half-blind Mer.V. n. ii. 37.
sanded : of a sandy colour MND. iv. i. 126.
sandy : ,v. huur-i/lass, sand-,t;lass, hour-glass Mer.V,
I. i. 25; so siilidg hour 1H6 iv. ii. 36.
sang'iiine: red 1114 ii. iv. 272 (red-faced), 1H6 iv. i.
92, Tit. IV. ii. 98, Cym. v. v. 365.
sans: without LLL. v. ii. 416 sans crack or flaw,
AYL. II. vii. 160 Suits teeth, sans eyes, sans taste,
sans everything. Ham. in. iv. 79.
sap: juice, fluid (fig.) H8 1. i. 148 If with the sap of
reason you ivotild quench . . . the fire of passion ;
— there's sap in . . ., there is life or promise in . • .
Wint. IV. iii. [iv.]578, Ant. ni. xi. [xiii.] 191.
sarpego : see serpigo.
sarsenet, sarcenet : fine soft silk material ; only
attrib. Troil. v. i. 36 green s. flap for a sore eye;
fig. = Soft 1H4 III. i. 255 [thou] gn'st such s. surely
for thy oaths.
satire : satirist Sonn. c. 11 [J/hsc] , ..leas, to deceiy.
satisfaction: m heavy s., in sorrowful acceptance
of the truth All'sW. v. iii. 100.
Saturn : the most remote of the seven planetsknown
to ancient astronomy, supposed to cause coldness,
sluggishness and gloominess of temperament in
those born under its influence Ado i. iii. 12, Tit.
II. iii. 31 ; the same qualities were attributed to
the ancient Italic god after whom the planet was
named Cym. 11. v. 12, Sonn. xeviii. 4 heavy S.
sauce (1 'pay sauce' was an old phr.=pay dearly.)
1 to make (a person) pay dearly Wiv. iv. iii. 10 I'll
make them pay ; I'll sauce them.
2 to rebuke smartly AYL. in. v. 69 Fll s. her nith
hitter words.
savicer: dish used to receive the blood in blood-
letting LLL. IV. iii. 98 A fever in your blood .' why,
then incision Woulel let her oiU in saucers.
saucy (in S.'s time often an epithet of more serious
Condemnation than at present with ref. to inso-
lence or impertinence of behaviour)
1 higlily-seasoned, piquant (fig.) Tw.N. in. iv. 101
there's vinegar anil pepper in't [a letter].— /»'/ so
saucy ?.
2 wanton, lascivious Meas. 11. iv. 46 Tlieir s. sweet-
ness, All'sW. IV. iv. 23 ,s-. trusting of the cozen'd
thoughts Ikfiles the pitchy night, Cym. i. vi. 151 A
s, stranger m his gourt to marl As in a Homish stew.
SAVAGZ: -
189
SCANT
3 fof a boat) rashly venturing, presumptuous Troil.
I, iii. 42 the snncy boat, Sonn. Ixxx. 7.
savage (not pre-S. in sense 'uncivilized')
1 wild, untamed Ado i. i. 271 [263J the s. bull, Mer. V.
V. i. 78 unhiindled colts . . . Their s. eyes tiini'd to
a modest giize, AYL. li. vi. 7 «nythiii(/ s. ( = any
wild animal).
2 (of demeanour, noise, &c.) wild, ungoverned Ado
IV. i. bl llidt ruge m s. senstudity, Wint. iii. iii. 55
A s. clnmottr, Tioil. ll. iii. 136 the s. stranyeness he
puts on.
savagery: wild vegetation (S.) H5 v. ii. 47.
save vb. (1 in old edd. often 'snte ; 3 common 17th
cent, plirase)
1 s.. short for God s. (which is freq.) Gent. i. i. 70, Lr.
II. i. 1 SiifC thee.
2 to spare (a person's life), allow to live 2H6 iv. vii.
123, Caes. v. iii. 38, Lr. v. iii. 153, Cym. ii. iii. 76
miikes the true mntt kili'd and sates the thief.
3 s. (a person's) longing, to anticipate and so prevent
it Tim. I. i. 261.
save prep, and conj. (.«. /or = ' but for ' not pre-S.)
1 followed by a pronoun in the nominative Tw.N.
in. i. 174 save I alone, Ca?s. iii. ii. 67, v. v. 6J sate
only he ; in tlie accusative Tim. iv. iii. 509 all,
,«(!'« thee, I fell with curses.
2 .«. that, were it not that Sonn. Ixvi. 14 Sate that,
to die, I leave my love alone.
saving prep. (2 see reverence)
1 except John i. i. 2ul.
2 witliout prejudice or offence to, with all respect
to Err. IV. i. 27 8. your merry humour, Shr. ii. i.
71 S. your tnle, H8 ii. iii. 31 S. your mincing ; — s.
(your) manhood, 2H4 ii. i. 31, H5 iv. viii. 34.
savour sb. (2 rare)
1 .smell, pei-fume Tp. ll. ii. 55 the .i. of far, Shr. In<l.
ii. 73 1 smell sweet s-s, John iv. iii. 112 The uncleanly
savours of a slaughter-house.
2 character, style Lr. i. iv. 260 much o' the s. Of other
your new pranks {Qs favour).
savour vb. (2 savour of . . . occurs 5 times)
1 to liave a particular smell Per. iv. vi. 121 Ti,e very
doors and windows s-avour vilely.
2 fig. Tw.N. V. i. 124: s-s nobly, lias a noble quality
about it.
3 to care for, like Lr. n'. ii. 39 Filths .«. but themselves.
sawn : (?)=seen or sown Compl. '.>].
say sb.>: cloth of fine texture resembling serge 2H6
IV. vii. 27 (punning).
say sb.-: usu. taken as the aphetic fomi of 'assay',
and = smack, flavour, or proof, sample Lr. v. iii. 145
And that thy tongue some say of breeding breathes ;
but F) has {some say) in brackets.
say vb.' (3 cf. the vulgar ' Now you're talking ')
1 / have said, (i) I have finished speaking, I have
spoken my mind John il. i. 2.35 When I have said,
make answer to us both. Ant. in. ii. 34 ; (ii) I have
spoken decisively H8 v. i. 86 I have said. Begone ;
(iii) It is as I have said, That is so Mac. iv. iii. 213
My wife kili'd too?— I have said, Ant. i. ii. 60;—
You have said. What you say is true Gent. ii. iv.
29, Tw.N. III. i. 12, 0th. iv. ii. 204, Ant. ii. vi. 110 ;—
Say you ?, What is that you say ? Meas. v. i. 270,
Ham. IV. V. 28, 0th. iii. iv. 82, Cjni. il. i. 28 (after
an aside), iv. ii. 379 ; — How .<tay yon by , . .?, What
dosayabout(seeBYl)Mer.V. I. ii.57, 0th. i. iii. 17.
2 nses of the imperative, (i) to introduce a direct
question Ham. i. i. 18, Lr. ii. iv, 142 ; also Say so
Troil. II. i. 5 ; (ii) to introduce a supposition (very
freq.) e.g. Tw.N. i. iv. 23 Say I do speak with her,
my lord, what then ?.
3 to speak to the point Ham. v. i. 28 (First Clown)
Why, there thou sayesl.
say vb.= : to try, assay Per. i. i. 59,
'sblood: an oath ( = ' God's blood) occurring several
times in early Qq, but only once (H5 iv. viii. 9
'Sblud) in Ft, in which a mild expletive is some-
times substituted.
scab : ' scurvy " fellow Tw.N. ii. v. 82, Troil. ii. i. 31 ;
cf. Ado III. iii. 106, Cor. i. i. 172, in wliich literal
phraseology is used allusively.
scafirolage: =next Troil. i. iii. 150.
scafi'old : theatrical stage H5 i. Clior. 10.
scald adj.: 'scurvy ', mean H5 v. i. 5 .s. . . . knave.
Ant. v. ii. 214 scald rimers.
scald vb. (1 cf. SCALDING)
1 intr. to get burning hot with the sun 2H4 iv. v. 30
Like a rich armour worn in li eat of day , That scalds
with seifdy [i.e. to the wearer].
2 pass, to be heated John v. vii. 49.
scalding" : scorching 3H6 v. vii. 18 scalding heat.
scale sb.': equal s., just balance Ham. i. ii. 13 In
eijUid s. weighing delight and dole. T] The pi. takes
sing, concord in Rom. I. ii. 101 that crystal s-s (fig.
' eyes ').
scale sb.-: pi. graduations Ant. ii.vii. 21 By certain
scales i' the pyramid.
scale vb.': to weigh as in scales, to compare, esti-
mate Meas. III. i. 267 the corrupt deputy [is] scaled.
Cor. ir. iii. 257.
scale vb.^: intr. to ascend Lucr. 440.
scaling: (?) scattering Troil. v. v. 22 like scaling
sculls (Q ; if scaled).
scall:=scALD adj. "Wiv. in. i. 123.
scalp : crown of the head, skull Gent. iv. i. 36 the
bare s. of Jiobiii Hood's fat friar, MKD. IV. i. 70
this transformed s., R2 III. ii, 112, Lucr. 1413.
scamble : to struggle indecorously or i-apaciously
to iditain Something, scramble John IV. iii. 146
To tag and snouhh, H5 v. ii. 217.
scanibiing ppl adj. : contentious, rapacious Ado v.
i. 94, H5 I. i. 4.
scamels: not yet satisfactorily explained; (?)
4frtme/.vt(Keigntley)- sea-mews, i.e. sea-gullsTp.
II. ii. 185 [176J I'll get thee Young s-sfrom the rock
(many conj. ; Theobald s/annels t, Dyce staniels'f;
see staniel).
scan (3 an Eliz. sense)
1 to estimate, judge Per. n. ii. 56 s. TJie outward
habit by the inward man.
2 to examine, consider, or discuss EiT. ii. ii. 154,
Mac, in. iv. 140 Vi'hicli must be acted ere they may
be scann'd, 0th. in. iii. 245 To scein this thing no
farther.
3 to interpret Ham. in. iii. 75*.
scandal sb, : disgraceful imputation Ham. it. i. 29
YoH must not put another s. on htm, That he is
open to incontifiency.
scandal vb. :
1 to bring into disrepute Cyni. ni. iv. 62.
2 to defame Cor. in. i. 43 ScandaU'd [them] , . .
call'dlhem Tnne-pleasers, Cies I. ii. K faun on men
. . . And after scandal them.
scandalized : discredited, disgraced Gent. ii. vii.
61 ; defamed 1H4 i. iii, 154.
scant ad j,: chary Ham. i. iii. 121 Be somewhat scanier
of your maiden presence.
scant adv. : scarcelj' Rom. i. ii. 104.
scant vb. :
1 to put (a person) off with a scanty supply, to stint
Troil. rv. iv. 47 He. , , s-s its wilh a single faimsh'd
kiss.
2 to reduce, diminish the amount of, cut down Lr.
II. iv. 178 to s. my sizes. Ant. iv. ii. 21 S. not my cups.
3 to stint the supply of, refrain from giving, with-
hoUl Err. n. ii. 83, Mer.V. v. i. 141 1 s.'this breathing
courtesy, H5 ii. iv. 47 s-ing A little cloth, Lr. i. i,
281 you have obedience s-ed, ii. iv. 142 to s. her duly.
scAirTi.z: -
SCOT
4 to limit, i-L'strict Mer.V. ll. i. 17 had not s-eil inc
And h(:d<]'d nu hij litu Hit, III. ii. 112.
5 to treat slightingly, neglect Otli. i. iVi.-2<S9i))0iir. . .
(Ji-fdt bllsiiKss sTiuit.
scantle : piece 1H4 iir. i. 101 And cuts me. . . a mon-
s/ionn xcaiitU out (Qq ; Ff cuntle, lorwhich tlie Qq
lea ling may be an error).
scantling': specimen, sample Troil. i. iii. 311.
scantly: gnulgingly Ant. iii. iv. 0 i^poke s. of mc.
scape sb. (some mod. odd. 'saipe)
1 escape Shr. v. ii. 3 To smile at s-s and perils orer-
blonn, 0th. I. iii. VifS hair-hreadth scapes.
2 transgression, esp. breach of chastity Mer.V. ii.
ii. 181 [174], Wint. iit. iii. 12 A hoy or a child, I
irnndfr ? . . . sure some «.,Lucr. 747 niyht's scapes.
scape vb. : in various senses of 'escape'.
scarcity : penury Tp. iv. i. 116 S. and want shall shun
lion ; phr. in s. of, badly off for, ill-provided with
Tim. ir. ii. 235 he mas . . . in scarcitij of friends.
scarf sb. (2 a 17th cent, sense ; 3 cf. scarfed)
1 military officer's sash Ado ii. i. 200.
2 sling for a limb AYL. v. ii. 23. [iii. 213.
3 streamer used for decking out a ship All'sW. ir.
scarf vb. :
1 to blindfold Mac. iit. ii. 47 Come, seeling nif/ht, S.
uji the tender eye of pitiful day. [ii. 13.
2 to wrap about one in the manner of a scarf Ham. v.
scarfed: decked with streamers Mer.V. ii. vi. 15*
n> scarf id bark.
scarlet: clothed in .scarlet (the cardinal's colour)
IHt) I. iii. 56 out, s. hijpocrite .', H8 iii. ii. 256 Thou
scarlet sin (cf. CARDINAL).
scarre : hitherto unexplained All'sW. iv. ii. 38
(many conj.).
scatlie m1). : harm 2H6 ii. iv. 62 ; phr. do s. John ii.
i. ?:>, R3 I. iii. 317, Tit. v. i. 7.
scathe vb. (once) : to injure Rom. i.v. 88 (Fiscath).
scatheful: harmful Tw.N. v. i. 60 (Fi scathfull).
scatter'd: distracted Lr. in. i. 31 this s, kinydom :
stray AYL. in. v. 104 loose now and then A s. smile.
scene : represent.ation of a piece on the stage,
dramatic performance, play or drama Wiv. iv. vi.
17 wherein fat F(dstaff flath ayreats.. AYL. n. vii.
138 the s. Whfrdn iri jil<iy in, H5 i. Ciior. i jninccs
to act And monarchs to behold the sioeiliny s., Rom.
IV. iii. 19, Ham. ii. ii. 427 [418] scene iiidiiidable,
627 [619] the eery cunniny of the s. •[ The most
freq. S. sense.
schedule (2 a 16th-17th cent, sense)
1 slip or scroll of paper containing writing LLL. i.
i. 18 those statutts That are recorded in this .«. here,
Mer.V. II. ix. 55, 2114 iv. i. 168 this s. . . . contains
our general yrieeances, Cajs. ni. i. 3, Lucr. 1312 (a
letter).
2 codicil Tw.!^. I. v. 265* (see label vb.).
scholar: pupil Ant. iv. xii. [xiv.] 102 Thy master
dits thy s., Per. n. iii. 17 you're her labour'd s., ii.
v. 31, 39, IV. vi. 203.
scholarly: as befits a scholar Wiv. i. iii. 2.
school sb.' (2 a sense once current in certain phrases,
e.g. ' men of school ', ' degree of school ', ' art of
school ')
1 set to s., to send to be taught, gi\ e instruction to
3H6 III. ii. 193 And set the mnrd'rous Machiarel to
.v., Lr. II. iv. 68 We'll set thee to s. to an ant, Lucr.
1820 Xow set thy lony-expcrienc'd wit to school.
2 university AYL. i. i. 6, Ham. i. ii. 113.
3 tlie s-s, the (medical) faculty All'sW. i. iii. 248.
4 schooling, learning LLL. v. ii. 71 wisdom's war-
rant and the help of school.
school sb.2 : shoal (offish) Troil v. v. 22 they fly or
die, like scahd schools (Vf seals) lie fore the belchiny
irhale ; fig. large number, ' crowd '2114 iv. iii. 20 /
have a whole s. of towjues in this belly of mine.
school vt). : to reprimand, lecture MXD i. i. 116,
1H4 HI. i. 189: to discipline, control Mac. iv. ii. 15.
schoolmaster: private tutor Tp. i. ii. 172, Shr. i.
i. 94, &c., Cor. i. iii. 61, Lr. i. iv. 196, Ant. in. ix.
[xi.] 71. •[I The mod. sense occurs only in LLL. iv.
ii. 87, V. ii. 529.
science: knowledge Meas. i. i. 5, All'sW. v. iii. 103.
scion: (old edd. sun, syni, seyen) shoot, twig (fig.)
0th. I. iii. 337 /;(,s/.v, whereof I take this that you
call lore to be a self or scion ; slip for grafting,
graft Wint. rv. iii. [iv.] 93 we marry A gintlers. to
the wildest stock, H5 in. v. 7.
Scogan : John Seoggin or Scogan, court fool to
Edward IV, confused with Chaucer's friend Heniy
Scogan in 2H4 in. ii. 33.
scold vb. : to quarrel noisily, brawl, rail [ayninst),
wrangle {with) Ado ii. i. 251, Tim. iv. iii. 157,
witli phr. denoting the result H8 v. i. 175 s.-it
out of turn.
scolding' : = chiding ppl. adj. C;es. i. iii. 5 s. winds.
sconce sb.' : jocular term for the head Err. i. ii. 79,
Cor. in. ii. 99 my unbarbeds., Ham. v. i. 108 knock
him about the sconce.
sconce sb.- : small fort or earthwork H5 in. vi. 78 ;
fig. defence Err. n. ii. 'All must yet as. for my head.
sconce vb.t (Haniner) : refi. to entrench oneself (fig.)
Ham. in. iv. 4 (old edd. silence).
scope (]>hr. yire, have s. = give, have free play,
liberty or opportunity)
1 end in view, object, aim R2 ill. iii. 112 Hiscominy
hither hath no furthers. Than . . . , 1H4 in. i. 17o
He . . . curbs himself even ofhisnatural s.. Ham. in.
ii. 231, Sonn. Ixi. 8 me, The s. and tenoiir oftliy
Jealousy ; phr. to .«., to the purpose Tim. i. i. 73.
2 licence Meas. i. ii. 136 every s. by the immoderate
use Turns to restraint.
3 s. of nature, 'circumstance witliin the limits of
nature's operations, natural etl'ecf (Aldis U'right)
John III. iv. 1.54.
scorch: toslash witha knife Mac. in. ii. 13 VTehare
sairch'dthe snake, not kill'd it (Theobald scolch'df).
score sb. :
1 notch cut in a stick or tally used in keeping ac-
counts 2H6iv. vii. 39.
2 account kept by means of tallies or marks on a
door, &c.; on the s., in debt Shr. Ind. ii. 25 I am
not fourteen pence on the score.
score vb. : 0th. iv. i. 128* scored me, (a) made my
reckoning, (b) branded me,
scorn sb. :
1 derisive utterance or gesture, taunt, insult LLL.
V. ii. 873 if sicklij ears , . . Will hear your idle s-s,
lH6n. iv. 77, Ham. in. i. 10 bear the whips and s-s
of time, 0th. iv. i. 83 the gibes, and notable scorns.
2 object of mockery or contempt Err. iv. iv. 105 To
make a loathsome abject s. of me, LLL. i. i. 307,
1H6 IV. vi. 49 To be shame's scorn, Tit. i. i. 265.
3 phr. take or think s. (witli infin.), to regard as dis-
graceful, disdain, despise LLL. i. ii. 68 / think s.
to siijh, AYL. IV. ii. 13, 1H6 iv. iv. 35 take foul s.
to fawn on him, 2H6 iv. ii. 14 ; Cym. iv. iv. 53
thinks scorn ( = despises everything else).
scorn vb. (1 and 2 are the orig. senses)
1 intr. to mock or jeer {at a person) LLL. rv. iii.
147 How will he scorn !, AYL. in. v. 131, John I. i.
228 why s-'st thou at Sir Robert 1, Rom. I. v. 61.
2 trans, to ridicule, mock, deride Err. iv. iv. 76
taunt, and s. me, Mer.V. m. i. 00 mocked at my
gains, s-ed my nation. Cor. II. iii. 230, Ca'S. j. ii. 205.
scornful : regarded with scorn Lucr. 520 The s.
mark of every open eye.
scot and lot : used fig. to express paying a person
out thcjrouglily 1H4 v. iv. 115 or that hot terma-
gant Scot had paid me scotand lot too.
SCOTCH -
191
SEASON
scotch sb. : cut, gash Ant. iv. vii. lu.
scotch vb.: to cut, score, gash Cor. iv. v. 198 he
s-id him and notched him like a carbonado. % See
also SCORCH.
scour: to remove, get rid of 1H4 iii. ii. 137 Which,
irash'd away, shall s. my shame iiilh it, H.5 I. i. 34
s-iiiy faults. TJ InHSii. \. dO If you yrow foul icilh
me . . . I will s. you with my rapier there is app. an
alhision to a current sense ot ' beat, punish '.
scouring' : hurrying along Tim. v. ii. 15. [196.
scout vb.' (once) : to keep a look-out Tw.N. ui. iv.
scout vb.= (once) : to deride Tp. m. ii. 133.
scrape: to erase (writing) witli a knife Meas. i. ii.
9 scraped one [commandment] out of the iahle ; fig.
Wiv.iv. ii. 234 to s. the figures out of your husband s
brains.
scraping': savhig, parsimonious R2 v. iii. 69.
scribe : penman, writer Gent. ii. i. 1.50, Tit. ir. iv.4.
scrimer iS.) : fencer Ham. iv. vii. 100.
scrip : piece of paper written upon MND. i. ii. 3
ai(orili)i(/ to the scrip.
scrippage (S. coinage) : contents of a scrip (or
shei'lierd's pouch) ; only in scrip and .?., modelled
on hay aiul baijgaye in AYL. ili. ii. 172.
scripture: pi. writings Oym. in. iv. 83.
scritch, scritch-owl : early forms of 'screech',
' screech-owl ' MND. v. ii. 6 [i. 383] (Ff Q2).
scrivener :
1 professional scribe R3 in. vi. stage dir.
2 notary or drawer-up of contracts Shr. iv. iv. h'K
Ecrowl : (?) a form of ' scrawl ', to gesticulate, with
a play on ' scroll ', to write down Tit. 11. iv. U Sa ,
how with signs and tokens she ran scroirl.
scroyle (not pre-S.) : scoundrel, wretch John 11. i.
:!73 these scroyles of Angu rs jiunt you.
scriibbed (not pre-S.) : 'stunted Mer.V. v. i. 162.
scruple: make s. of, (1) to stick at Ti-oil. iv. i. 56
A'o? making any s. of her soilure ; (2) to hesitate to
believe or admit, to doubt 2H4 i. ii. 150 the wise
may make somedram of a s., or . . . a s. itself, Cym.
V. V. 183 7. . . Made scruple of his praise.
scrupulous: cautious or hesitating in taking
action Ant. i. iii. 48.
scul(l) : see school sb.^
scullion : domestic servant of the lowest rank who
performed the menial duties of the kitchen 2H4
II. i. 67, Ham. 11. ii. 624 [6161. [-t*^-
scuse : aphetic form of ' excuse ', e.g. Mer. V. 1 v. i.
scvit: tail of a deer "Wiv. v. v. 2fi.
scythe: tomow down (fig.) Conipl. 12. [223.
'sdeath (once) : an oath ( = 'God's death') Cor. i. i.
sea (the foil, are special uses)
1 used to typify water as one of the ' elements ' Err.
II. i. 17, Ham. i. i. 153 Whether in sea or fire, in
earth or air, Pei-. i. iv. 34.
2 pi. used -sing. freq. ; occas. even for a definite
stretch of water Mer.V. 11. viii. 28 the narrow seas
that part The French and English, Shr. I. ii. 74 the
swelling Adriatic sens.
3 phr. at the sen=a.t sea Per. i. iii. 29, v. iii. 47 ; to
S(as = to sea Per. 11. Gower 27 (rhyme ease).
sea-bank: sea-shore Mer.V. v. i. 11, 0th. iv. i. 136.
sea-boy : ship's boy 2H4 111. i. 27 the wet sea-boy.
sea-cap : sailor's cap Tw.N. iii. iv. 367.
sea-coal: mineral coal (as distinguished from
charcoal) Wiv. i. iv. 9, 2H4 11. i. 98.
seal sb. :
1 something which authenticates, attests or con-
firms a covenant or undertaking, final addition
which completes and secures Meas. iv. i. 7 my
kisses . . . S-s of lore, MND. iii. ii. 144, H5 iv. i. 174,
Troil. IV. iv. 122 ; pi. Ham. iil. ii. 424 [417] To giie
them seals (,=to confirm them by making word.s
into deeds).
2 token, sign (of a thing) All'sW. i. iii. HO, 0th.
II. iii. 353 All seals and symbols of redituud sin,
Lucr. 941.
seal vb. (.V. one's lips, mouth are not pre-S. ; also s.
one's eyes, for wliich see also seel)
1 intr. to set one's seal (to something) Mer.V. i. iii.
153, Tw.N. II. V. 105, 1H4 in. i. 269, Ven. 512 ; s.
under for, to become suretj'for Mer.V. i. ii. 88.
2 to bring to completion or conclusion Tim. v. iv.
54 till we Have s-'d thy full disire. Ham. iv. iii. 59
s-'d and done ; absol. Ant. iv. xii. [xiv.] 49 s. then,
and all is done.
3 .«. up, (i) to confirm fully 2H4 iv. v. 102 Tliouhast
seal d lip my expectation; (ii) to complete IH61. i.
130 the conquest fully. . . s-'d tip; (iii) to make up
(ones mind) finally AYL. iv. iii. 59.
sealed quarts : quart measures officially marked
with a stamp as a guarantee of accurate size Shr.
Ind. ii. 90.
sea-like': (a) likely to keep the sea, (b) in sea-going
trim Ant. in. xi. [xiii]. 171 [ships|/ff/, threat'ning
most sea-like.
sealing-day: day of contract MND. i. i. 84.
seal manual : app. alteration of the ordinary phr.
'sign nuuiual' Ven. 516 6V< thy s. on my nax-rid
lips. % Cf. MANUAL SEAL.
seam: fat, grease Troil. 11. iii. 19" bastes his arrogance
with his OHii seam. ^ Cf. exseamed.
sea-maid : mermaidMeas. in. ii. 117, MND. n. i. 154.
sea-mallti -mel(l)t: sea-gull, se.a-inewTp. 11. ii. 185
I176J {F( Saniifls).
seamy (not pre-S.) : the s. side without, the worst
side outside 0th. iv. ii. 146.
sear sb. (Mac. v. iii. 23) : see sere.
sear vb. :
1 to dry up, cause to wither, blight Cym. I. i. 116.
2 tobrand All'sW. II. i. 176 my maiden's name Heard
otherwise, Wint. 11. i. 72 calumny will .swr Virtue
itself.
3 to liurn, scorch 3H6 v. vi. 23, R3 iv. i. 60 s. me to
the brain, Mac. n^ i. 113.
search sb.: search-party (S.) 0th. i. i. 1.59.
search vb. (1 now only used with ' out ')
1 to seek for Cym. v. v. 11 he hath been searrh'd
among the dead and liiint/.
2 to probe (a wound) Gent. i. ii. 113, AYL. 11. iv. 4.1,
Tit. II. iii. 262 ; absol. Troil. 11. ii. 16 the tent thai
searches To the bottom of the worst.
3 to penetrate (lit. and fig.) LLL. i. i. 85 the henren's
glorious sun. That will not be deep s-'d with saucy
looks, Cses. v. iii. 42 tcith this good sword . , . s. this
bosom.
searcher : official appointed to view dead bodies
and report on the cause of death Koni. v. ii. 8.
searching : (of words) cutting, trenchant 2H6 in.
ii. nil bitter s. terms ; (of wine) stirring or exciting
the blood •2H4 II. iv. 30.
seared: withered, blighted Meas. n. iv. 9 sear'd-^
and tedmis, Cym. 11. iv. 6 sear'd hopes, Compl. 14
seiir'd age.
sea-rooni : the open sea Per. in. i. 45.
sea-sick : weary of the sea Rom. v. iii. 118 thy s,
iriary bark.
season sb. (the sense of 'time ' is freq.)
1 of (the) s., in season Wiv. in. iii. 169 btick ; and of
the s. too, Meas. 11. ii. 85 kill the fowl of s.; — of s,,
befitting the time of year, seasonable AU'sW. v.
iii. 32 a day of s. ;—to s., when opportunity presents
itself Err. iv. ii. 58 ;— of such a s., of such an age
Cym. in. iv. 175.
2 spell of bad weather Lr. in. iv. 32.
3 that which keeps things fresh (fig.), preservative,
'seasoning' Ado iv. i. 144 s. give To her foul-tainted
flesh, Mac. iii. iv. 141 the s. of all natures, .'sleep.
SEASON -
192
— SEEMZNG
season vb. (5 a rare use)
1 to mature Tim. iv. iii. 85, Ham. i. iii. 81 mij hUsfiinff
s. this in thee, in. ii. 221, iii. 8G // and s-dfor his
passage.
2 to add salt to, as seasoning or a preservative ; fig.
to give a spiie, relisli, or zest to Troil. i. ii. 276 the
spice and salt that s. a nian, Cyni. I. vi. 9 tliose . . .
that have their honest mills, Which s-s comfort ; said
of tlie effect of tears All'sW. l. 1. 66, Rom. ii. iii.
72, Lucr. 796. [vii. 148.
3 to give a pleasing ' savour ' Mer.V. v. i. 107, R3 iii.
4 to temper, qualify Mer.V. rv. i. 197 Wlien mercy
s-s justice. Ham. i. ii. 192 S. ynnr admiration, li.i.2S.
5 to cratify (the palate) Mer.V. iv. i. 97. [iii. 6:r.
seasoned : (a) matured, (b) made palatable Cor. in.
seat sb. (tlie sense of ' throne ' is freq. in tlie hi.s-
toriral plays, e.g. R2 in. ii. 119)
1 estate Mer.V. I. i. 172, 1H4 v. i. 45, H5 ill. v. 47,
Cym. v. iv. 60. [seat.
2 situation, site Mae. I. vi. \ This cnstlehatli a pleasant
seat vb. : to settle H5 i. ii. 62.
seated (1 in the historical plays)
1 on the throne 3H6 ni. i. 96, R3iv. ii. 4.
2 firmly fixed Mac. i. iii. 136 my seated heart.
3 situated Lucr. 1144 seatoi /row the way.
second sb. :
1 supporter Tp. in. iii. 103, Cor. i. iv. 43, viii. 16, Lr.
IV. vi. 199 No s-s? All myself?, Cym. v. iii. 90; (of
a thing) Ham. iv. vii. 153. [cxxv. 11*.
2 pi. (a) inferior matter, (b) inferior rivals Sonn.
second adj. (2 is peculiar to S.)
1 secondary, subordinate lH4i. iii. \6hhases. means,
2H4 V. ii. 90, Troil. it. iii. 150.
2 lending support AVint. ii. iii. 21 he second to me.
second vb. : to follow up Cym. v. i. 14.
secondary : subordinate Meas. i. i. 46 thy s., John
v. ii. 80 To be a secondary at control.
secret sb. : marks of s., secret marks Cym. v. v. 207.
secret adj. (Lr. iii. i. 32 haves, feet In — have landed
secretly at)
1 belongingpeculiarly tooneself, private Tw.N'.i.iv
14 my s. soul, R3 in. v. 21 her s. thoughts, Ham. n.
ii. 243 the secret parts.
2 mysterious, occult Tp. i. ii. 77 rapi in s. studies,
3H6 IV. vi. 68 s. powers, Mac. iv. i. 48 s., hlnck, and
midnight liags, Sonn. xv. 4 the stars in s. influence.
3 keeping counsel, not revealing secrets Gent. iii.
i. 60, Ado I. i. 220 [212] s, as a dumb man, Cses. ii.
i. 125 H'hat other bond Than secret Romans . , .? .
4 s. to, having the confidence of (a person), in close
intimacy with Shr. i. i. 157 That art to me as s.
(Old (IS dear . . ., Rom. I. i. 154 to himself so s, and
so close.
sect (in 0th. I. iii. 337 ? a misprint for sett : see set
sb. 4)
1 party, faction Tim. iii. v. 30 sects aiid factions, Lr.
v. iii. 18 jtaclcs and sects of great ones.
2 class (of people), rank Meas. ll. ii. 5 All sects, all
ages ; (?) in Ham. I. iii. 26 (Ff) m his peculiar Sect
and force {Qq particular act and place) ; app. 'with
ref. to sex 2H4 ii. i v. 40 So is all her sect.
sectary : s. astronomiccd, student of astrology Lr. i.
ii. 169.
secure adj. (1 as freq. as the sense 'safe'; s. of=
safe from Tit. ii. i. 3 ; stressed like entire)
1 free from care or apprehension, confident, over-
confident, unsuspicious Wiv. ii. i. 240 Though
Page be a s. fool, R2 V. iii. 43 secu're, foolhardy
king. Ham. i. v. 61 Upon my se'cure hour thy uncle
stole, 0th. III. iii. 198 not jealous nor secu're, iv. i.
72 To lip a wanton in n se'cure couch.
2 safe Iroin doing harm 1H6 I. iv. 49 In iron icalls
they (li(i)i'il me not secure.
3 as adv. 1H4 i. ii. 144 ue may do it as s, as sleep.
secure vb. :
1 to give confidence or a sense of .safety to, make
careless Tim. li. ii. 186 .5. thy heart, L"r. iv. i. 20
Our means s. its ; refl. 0th. i. iii. 10 / do not so s.
me in the error.
2 to make safe, guard Tp. ii. i. 318 [310], 2H6 v. ii.
76, Ham. I. v. 113, Cym. iv. iv. 8.
securely : confidently, without apprehension or
suspicion of evil Wiv. ii. ii. 257, John ii. i. 374
stand s. on tlieir battlements, Troil. iv. v. 73 .s\ done.
Tit. III. i. 3 whilst you securely slept.
security : consciousness of safety, confidence, want
of caution R2 in. ii. 34, H5 n. ii. 44, C;es. ii. iii.
8 s. gives iray to conspiracy, Mac. in. v. 32 s. Is
morteds' chiefest enemy.
sedgf'd : made of sedges Tp. iv. i. 129 .tcdg'd croiins.
see sb.: the See, Rome, Meas. in. ii. 2.38.
see vb. (in sense 3 also witli various constr. : — object
and adj. 1H6 ii.v. 121, 2H6 ii. iii. 54, object and
pple. Mer.V. ii. ii. 126, 170, clause Gent. i. ii. 44,
MND. in. ii. 98)
1 see (way, spend in seeing H8 Prol. 12.
2 in reciprocal sense = see each other, meet H8 i. i.
2 Since last ice saw in France, Troil. iv. iv. 57
When sliall we see again ?, Cym. i. i. 1-4.
3 to attend to, provide for, 'see to' Shr. i. ii. 150
see tliat at any hand, R2 n. 1. 218 To see this busi-
ness. Ant. V. ii. 366 see High order in this great
solemnity.
4 s. for, to look out for Rom. v. i. 35 Let's see for
means, 0th. il. i. 95 See for the news:.
seeded : arrived at maturity like a plant that has
done flowering and is ready to sow itself Troil. i.
iii. 316 the s. pride That hatli to this mutarity
bloirn up, Lucr. 603 Hoiv will fliy shame he s. in thine
age.
seedness (once) : sowing with seed Meas. i. iv. 42.
seedsman : sower of seed Ant. n. vii. 24.
seeing !
1 faculty of sight LLL. iv. iii. 333 It addsaprecious
seeing to Hit tye.
2 appearance Sonn. Ixvii. 6 And steal dead s. of his
linng lute ?.
seek: 's.through,to seek out,followupCym.iv.ii.l60;
s. to, to approach in the way of appeal Lucr. j!93.
seeking': suit, petition Cor. i. i. 194 What'stheir s.?.
seel : in falconiy, to close up a hawk's eyes when
it is taken by drawing the upper eyelids down
with a needle and thread which is fastened under
the beak ; fig. to blind Mac. in. ii. 46 .•;-/»»/ nn/ht,
0th. I. iii. 271 (Qq /o)//e.s), ni. iii. 210 To .v. ' //<>>•
father's eyes up close as oak (Ff i 2 seele, Qq Ff 3 4
scale). Ant. in. xi. [xiii.] 112. T] Liable to con-
fusion with SEAL vb.
seely : =silly 1, R2 v. v. 25 (Qq 1-4), Lucr. 1812.
seemingf vbl. sb. (1 the commonest use)
1 outward form, appearance, or show Wint. rv. iii.
[iv. ] 75 these keep S. and savour all the icinter long,
H8 II. iv. 106 infull s. ( = to all appearance), Troil.
I. iii. 157, Ham. in. ii. 92, Cym. v. v. 65 thought
her like her seeming.
2 false appearance or show, hypocrisy Meas. 11. iv.
151, Ado IV. 1. 56 Out on thee! Seeming !, Lr. in.
ii. 56 covert and convenient s., 0th. in. iii. 209.
3 probability Cym. v. v. 453 This hath .lome seeming.
seeming" ppl. adj. (1 the commonest use)
1 that is so in appearance, apparent Mer.V. iii. ii.
100 The seeming truth, 1H4 v. ii. 34 There is no s,
mercy in the king ( =-- no mercy even in appearance),
Ant. II. ii. 211 A seeming mermaid.
2 specious Wiv. iir. ii. 44 the so s. Mistress Page,
3 .as adv. seemingly Ham. i. v. 46 s.-virtiious, Conipl.
327 all that borreiw'd motion s. ow'd ( = apparently
possessed by him) ; becomingly AYL. v. iv. ""^
SEEN
193
- SEFARABI.E
seen : well seen, versed or skilled in Slir. i. ii. 136.
seetlie (see also sou, SODDEN)
1 to boil Tim. iv. iii. 4;i(j.
2 to be in hot haste Troil. m. i. 44.
seething^ : boiling hot Sonn. cliii. las. hath ; fig.
MND. V. i. 4 sedhhtij brums (cf. boiled).
segregation: dispersal 0th. ii. i. 10.
seized of: possessed of Ham. i. i. 89 {Ff om).
seizure : grasp, clasp John m. i. 241, Troil. i. i. 59
/«)■ hand . . . to irhose ao/t seizure.
seld ; seldom Troil. iv. v. 149 As s. I hate the chance,
Cor. II. i. 232 sM-shown fiamtns.
seldom adv. : s. but = it is seldom that . . . not,
usually Per. iv. ii. 133 ; s. irhen = seldom that
Meas. IV. ii. 89, 2H4 iv. iv. 79.
self (2 only with demonstratives the, this, that)
1 of or belonging to oneself, one's own Mac. v. vii.
99 [viii. 70J s. and violent hands; cf. K2 in. ii.
166 s. and vain conceit (app. =vain self-conceit),
and Mac. iii. iv. 142 My stramje and self-abuse
(see SELF- 2).
2 same, selfsame Mer.V. i. 1. 149 that s. way, 3H6
III. i. 11 In this s. place, Phoeii. 38 That the s. teas
not the same.
3 one s., one and the same Tw.N. i. i. 39 one s. kiny
(Ff234 selfsame), Lr. iv. iii. 36.
self- (in compounds) :
1 in attrib. relation = one's own, occas. one's very
.self-affairs MND. I. i. 113, -bounty )■-- inherent or
natural goodness) 0th. in. iii. 200, -breath ( = one's
own words) Troil. ii. iii. 184, -danyer Cym. iii.
iv. 149, -example ( = one's own precedent) Sonn.
cxlii. 14, -mettle H8 i. i. 134, -offences Meas. iii. ii.
288 [280], -will Lucr. 707.
2 in objective relation, usu. =of oneself self-abuse
( = self-deception, see abuse sb. 2) Mac. in. iv.
142, -admission ( = self-approbation), Troil. ii. iii.
178, -affriyhted K2 ni. ii. 53, -charity ( = self-love)
0th. II. iii. 204, -comparison Mac. I. ii. 66, -expli-
cation Cym. III. iv. 8, -ylorious ( = boasting of
oneself) H5 v. Chor. 20, -harminy Err. li. i. 102,
K2 II. ii. 3 (Qqi 2 I ife-harminy), -love H5 u. iv. 74,
Lucr. 266, -loviny Cor. iv. vi. 32, Yen. 752, -neylect-
ing H5 li. iv. 75, -reproving Lr. V. i. 4, -slaughter
Ham. I. ii. 132, -trust Lucr. 168, -wrong Err. iii.
ii. 169.
3 in adverbial relation ; (i) denoting the agent self-
doing ( = committed by oneself) Sonn. Iviii. 12,
-fiyur'd Cym. ii. iii. 124, -kilVd Sonn. vi. 4, -mis-
it.s'rf R3 TV. iv. 377, -slaughkr'd Lucr. 1733, -snth-
du'd Lr. II. ii. 129 ; (ii) to oneseU self-affected Troil.
II. iii. 263, -apply Compl. 76, -cndrar'd Ado in. i.
56, -gracious All'sW. iv. v. 79 ; (iii) self-horn* =
'indigenous, liome-sprung', Clark and AVright,
R2 n. iii. 80 (but some edd. -borne).
4 miscellaneous: — self-coiered* ( = having the real
self concealed) Lr. iv. ii. 62, -drawing ( = drawn
out of itself) H8 i. i. 63, -substantial ( = consisting
of thine own self) Sonn. i. 6, -unable ( = impotent
of one's own self) All'sW. in. i. 13.
self- bom: (1) U2 n. iii. 80, see self- 3 ; (2) reading
of Fi in Wint. iv. Chor. [i.] 8 in one s. hour ; but
perhaps two words (cf. self 3) ; in any case the
meaning is ' one and the self-same hour '.
sell (the orig. meaning is ' to give ')
1 .v. one's life, die Mer.V. ii. vii. 67, 3H6 v. i. 74.
2 .v. (a thing) from (oneself) = to lose it John in. i.
167, Cor. I. iii. 9.
seniblable: adj. similar 2H4 v. i. 72, Ant. m. iv.
3; sb. (one's) like Tim. iv. iii. 22, Ham. v. ii. 125.
semblably : similarly 1H4 v. iii. 21.
semblative (S.) : like, resembling Tw.N. i. iv. 34
((// IS sdiililatne a noman's part.
semi-cixcled farthingale : a petticoat, the hoop
of which did not come round in front Wiv. in.
iii. 68.
send: to send acknowledgement of allegiance to
Ant. v. ii. 29 / sind him The greatness he has got.
Seneca : Roman tragedian (died a.d. 65 ) Ham. ii.
ii. 428 [419].
seniory : seniority R3 iv. iv. 36 (old edd. sign-).
sennet (only in stage dir.) : set of notes played on
a trumpet as a signal for the approach and dejiar-
ture of processions 2H6 iii. i, H8 u. iv, Cor. n. i,
Mac. 111. i, Lr. i. i.
sennight : week AYL. m. ii. 337, Mac. i. iii. 22
(Ff Hea' nights), Otli. n. i. 77.
Senoys: Sienese All's W. i. ii. 1.
sense (used as a pi. without inflexion in Mae. v. i. 28
Ff their s. are shut, Sonn. cxii. 10 ; the meanings
'fliysical perception or feeling', 'mental percep-
tion, or appreliension ', 'understanding', 'feel-
ing, sensibility ', ' reason, reasonableness ', ' mean-
ing, import ' are the chief ; for common s. see
COMMON adj. 5)
1 mental faculty, mind Tw.N. rv. i. 66, 0th. ni.
iii. 375 have you a soul or s. ?, Cym. ii. ii. 11 man's
o'erlahour'd sense Repairs itself by rest.
2 (one's) sensual nature, sexual desire Meas. i. iv.
59 The wanton stinys eind motions of the s., ll. ii.
169, Per. v. iii. 30 my sanctity WtU to my s. bend
110 licentious ear.
3 phr. in all s., in all reason Mer.V. v. i. 136 ; m
nos., in no respect Shr. v. ii, 142; to the s., to
the quick Otli. v. i. 11.
senseless (2 the commonest sense)
1 having no sense (viz. of hearing), inattentive Cym.
II. iii. 58*; s. of, insensible to AYL. ii. vii. 65 s. o/
the bob, Cym. i. i. 135 .v. of your wrath ; (?) regard-
less Tim. n. ii. 1 senstUss of expense.
2 having no sensation, inanimate Caes. i. i. 39 yon
worse than s. things. Yen. 211 cold and s. stone ; R2
III. ii. 23 my s. conjuration ( = conjuring of an in-
animate thing).
sensible (meaning ' full of good sense' occurs)
1 capable of phvsital feeling or perceptiim, endowed
with sensibility, sensitive Tp. ii. i.181 [Hi] s. and
nimble lungs, Meas. in. i. 118, Vat. iv. iv. 26 s. in
nothing but blfju's, LLL. iv. ii. 28. MND. v. i. 184
The wall, . . . being s., Cor. l. iii. 95 s. as your fin-
ger ; const, of 1H4 v. iv. 94, C«s. i. iii. 18.
2 involving the use of one of the senses Ham. i. i. 57
the sensible and true aiouch Of mine own eyes.
3 capable of orcxhibitingemotion, 'feeling' Mer.V.
II. viii. 48 wit h affectionwondrous s., Ham.iv. v. 149
/ . . . am most s. in grief for it (Ft), Lucr. 1678 3Iy
woe too s.; const, o/ John in. iv. 53 s. of grief.
4 rational 0th. ii. iii. 311 To be noiv a s. man , . . and
presently a beast.
5 capable of being perceived (by a sense) Mac. ii. i.
36 s. To feeling as to sight ; tangible, palpalilc,
substantial Mer.V. n. ix. 89 s. regreets. To ted . . .
Gifts of rich value.
sensibly :
1 as a creature endowed with feeling Cor. i. iv. 53,
Tit. IV. ii. 12.3.
2 feelingly, with emotion LLL. in. i. 119, Ham. iv.
V. 149(Qq.2 3; ¥i sensible).
sentence: sententious saying, maxim Ado ii. iii.
200 quips and s-s, Mer.V. i. ii. 11 Good s-s and well
pronounced, oth. i. iii. 199, Lucr. 244 Who fears a s.,
or an old man's sail'.
sententious : expressing much in fewwords, pilhy
LLL. V. i. ',i your reasons . .. have been sharp and s.,
AYL. V. iv. 66 he is very swift and s. TJ In Rom.
II. iv. 227 app. a blunder for ' sentences '.
sentinel vb. (once) : to guard Lucr. 942. (6.
separable (once) : causing separation Souii. xxxvi.
SEPTENTBION
— SET DOWN
Septentrion (once) : iiortli 3Ht3 1. iv. 136.
seqviel : in s., in due succession H5 v. ii. 361 Hit;
daiujht.r first, and (lien in sequil aU.
sequence: m s., one after the other Tit. iv. i. 37
Wli'J ''/'*' 'Shetip her arms in s. tlius ! ; Tim. v. i. J13
1)1 the s. of deyree, according to tlieir status.
sequent sb. (pedantic) : follower LLL. iv. ii. H5.
sequent adj.:
1 cousefiuent Meas. v. i. 374, Lr. i. ii. 118 ; s. to,
consequent upon All's \V. ii. ii. 60, Ham. v. ii. 34.
2 following one upon another Otli. i. ii. 41 a dozen
se'iuent incsfeHyen:
se'questersb.(S.): seclusion, separation 0th. in. iv.
41 .1 scquesttr from liberti/.
sequester vb. : to separate AYL. ir. i. Siapoor s-'d
stiiii, Troil. III. iii. 8, Tit. il. iii. 7.5.
sequestration: senaration, seclusion H5 i. i. 58s.
From opin hnunts", 1H6 ir. v. 25, 0th. i. iii. 351.
seresb.: part of a gun-lock wliichl^eepa tlieliammer
at full or half cock ; only in fig. phr. ticlcle o' the
,v., ready to 'go off' at any time, yielding easily
to any impulse Ham. ii. ii. 347 [337].
sere adj.: dry, withered Err. iv. ii. 19 croohd. old
and .s-.;— sb. witliered state Mac. v. iii. 23 fdl'n
into the s., the yellow leaf {mod. edd. sear, after Fi
Scan).
serg'eant: sheriffs officer Err. iv. ii. 56, H8 r. i.
I'JS, Ham. V. ii. 350 this fell s., death, Is strict in
A/,s iirrcst.
serpent: s-s tongue, hissing MND. v. ii. 64 [i. 430].
serpig'O (Fi Sapei/o, ^appeano, Ffasi Sarmijo, F3
Serpe<jo) : skin eruption Meas. in. i. 31, Troil. n.
iii. S2. [to others.
servanted : subject Cor. v. ii. 89 My affairs Jire s.
serve (1 the corresponding trans, sense with a per-
sonal object is fre((., esp. of the fitting of clothes,
e. g. Gent. IV. iv. 169, and in the phr. serte one's
turn)
1 to be sufficient, avail, ' do' Ado i. i. 328 [320] what
will s. is fit, 2H4 V. i. 7 no excuse sludl s., R3 i. iv.
279 (Yido), Rom. in. i. 102 'tisenouyh, 'twill sert-e.
2 (chiefly of time) to afford an opportunity, be
opportune or favourable Ado in. ii. 84 If your
leisure s-d, H5 n. i. 6 when time shall s., 3H6 in.
iii. 236 as occasion s-s, Cses. iv. iii. 222 ; also trans,
to favour with opportunity, be at the disposal of
Mer.V. n. ii. 1, Hhr. i. i.38as you find your stomach
s-s yon, 3H6 iv. vii. 78, Rom. iv. i. 39 My leisure
serccs me . . . now.
3 to provide for, satisfy the calls or needs of AYL.
ir. vii. 89 till necessity he s-'d, Shr. I. i. 15 to s. all
hopes, CiBS. III. i. 8 What toadies hs . . . shall he
last s-'d, (hence) to fulfil All's W. 11. i. 2o5, 2H4 v.
i. 15 those precepts cannot he serced.
service : all that was laid upon a table in prepara-
tion for a meal (cloth, bread, salt, &c.) Mac. i.
vii. stage dir.; order of dishes at a meal Ham. iv.
iii. 25 airiahle strcice.
serviceable: active or diligent in sei-vice Sin-, i.
i. 218, Lr. IV. vi. 258 a s. villain, Cym. in. ii. 15 :
expressini: readiness to serve Gent.ni.ii.70 s.rows.
servile: subject /o Yen. 112.
serving: in their s., using them Cym. in. iv. 173.
sessa : interj. of doubtful import Shr. Ind. i. 6 let
the icorld slide, S.!, Lr. in. iv. 101 sessaf, let him
trot by (Ff Scs{s)ey, Qq 2 3ceas{e), in. vi. 77 (Ff .fese).
session : sitting of a court of justice, judicial pro-
ceedings "Wint. II. iii. 201 Summon a s., H8 11. iv.
64 It's fit this royal s. do proceed, 0th. I. ii. 86//
time Of law and course of direct .v., in. iii. 140 in s.
sit CFi Sessions) ; fig. Sonn. xxx. 1 the s-s of sue it
silent thou;iht.
set sb. (3 always in fig. context ; 4 cf. mud. midl.
dial.-'bedding-out plant')
1 sunset H5 iv. i. 2'd2 from the rise to set ; cf. R3 v.
iii. 19, Mac. i. i. 5. [136.
2 a douhle set, two rounds (of the clock) 0th. n. iii.
3 definite number of games (of tennis, cards) LLL.
V. ii. 29 a set of wit well play'd, John v. ii. 1U7,
H5 1, ii. 262, Tit. v. i. 100 As sure a card as ear iron,
the set. [SEct).
4 sucker, shoot 0th. I. iii. 337 a self or scion (see
set vb. (used in many connexions where ' place ' or
' put ' is now idiomatic)
1 pass, to sit Gent. 11. i. 96 / stand affected to her.
— / would you were set, H8 in. i. 73 / was set at
worii, Cor. iv. v. 204, Yen. 18 htiny set ; also refl.
LLL. IV. iii. 4 set thee down ; mixed constr. 3H6
IV. iii. 2 The Kimj . . . is set him down.
2 to add or impart (something) to, bestow on John
IV. iii. 71 Till I liave set a glory to this liand, Tim.
I. ii. 154 Set a fair fashion on our entertainment,
\en.9'i5 hishreath and beauty set Olossontlie rose,
smell to the riolet.
3 to place (one thing) in opposition to another M ND.
in. i. 141, John in. i. 264 sett'st oath to oath, Troil.
II. i. 93 Will you set your wit to a fool's?.
4 to close John v. vii. 51 to sit mine eye.
5 pass, (of the eyes) to be dimmed by drink Tp.
III. ii. 10, Tw.N. V. i. 207 his eyes were set at eight
i' the morning (app. with a ref. to the rule of set-
ting eight semibreves to one strain of a pavan ;
see PASSY-MEASURES).
6 to stake 1 H4 iv. i. 46 To set . . . All at one cast, R3
v. iv. 9, Troil. Prol. 22 expectation . . . Sets all on
hazard, Cses. v. i. 75, Lr. I. iv. 137 Set less than
thou throwest ; also intr. R2 iv. i. 57 Wlio sets me
else ? (fig. = Who challenges me ?).
7 to compose music Gent. i. ii. 78 Giie me a note :
your ladyship can set (taken up quibblingly in
sense 8) ; also trans, to fit (words) to music (fig.)
Tp. I. ii. 84 set all hearts . . . To what tune pleas' d
his ear.
8 (with adverbial expressions) to regard, esteem
R2 I. iii. 293 mocks at it and sets it light, Rom. v.
iiL 301 at such rate be set. Ham. i. iv. 65 set my
life at a pin's fee, iv. iii. 65 coldly set Our soitreign
process, Sonn. Ixxxviii. 1.
9 pass, to have gone forth or set out H5 11. Chor.
34 The king is set from London.
10 phrases : — set . . . clear, place in an innocent light
Tim. in. iii. 31 ; set one's countenance, put on a
set or serious expression Shr. rv. iv. 18 ; set a form
upon, give a good appearance to Sonn. Ixxxix.
6*; At< «»«(«/('/(, make an appointment, spec, with
ref. to planning a highway robbery 1H4 1. ii. 118 ;
.\et upon the head of, make responsible for Tim.
in. V. 27* (but see head sb. 5); so set off his head,
not laid to his charge 1H4 v. 1. 88 ; set to himself,
wrapped up in himself Tim. v. i. 122 ; set on the
proiif, put to the proof Tim. 11. ii. 167 ; set spurs,
' clap ' spurs to one's horse Wiv. iv. v. 70.
set ag'ainst, make an attack upon MND. in. ii. 146 ;
set apart, discard John in. i. 159 all reverence
set apart To him, and his usnrp'd authority \ set
by, (1) init on one side Ham. v. ii. 298; (2) not to
dwell upon, pass over Meas. v. i. 93 to set the
niidkss process by, How . . . ; set down, (1) set
down tlie pegs, lower the pitch of the strings of
a musical instrument 0th. 11. i. 203 I'll set doirn
the pegs that make /his music ; (2) appoint or fix a
time for R2 iv. i.319 On Wednesday next we solemn-
ly set down Our coronation, R3 jii. iv. 42 We have
not yet set down th is day oftnu mph ; (3) determine
upon, settle 1H4 l. iii. 274 ruminalid, plotted and
set down. Cor. iv, v. 144 set down . . . thine own
nays. Ham. ni. i. 178 ; (41 be encamped Ant. lif.
xi. [xiii.J 108 Cccsar sets down in Alexandria ; set
SETFORTK-
195
— SHALL
down before, lay siege to, besiege AlI'sW. i. i.
i:il, Cur. I. ii. 28, v. iii. 2, Mac. v. iv. 11 ; set
forth, (1) exhibit, show Mac. i. iv. 6 set forth A
diijirtiicnltince ; (_') couimeiid liighly Mer.V. iii.
V. yti ril mt you forth (witli a ref. to serving up
dislies), Lucr. '.i'l To net forlli that uhicli is so siwju-
lar ; set forward, start on a journey, set out
John IV. iii. 19 ; set off, (1) sliuw to the best ad-
vantage Tp. HI. i. 2, Cyni. i. vi. 170 ; absol. iii. iii.
13 ; (2) put out of consideration 2H4 iv. i. 145* ;
set on, (1) cause (an action) by one's instigation
0th. II. iii. 212, v. ii. 185 your reports haic set the
murder on ; (2) put (one's foot) forward Cues. ll. i.
331 ; send (an army) forward iv. iii. 305, v. iii.
108 ; (3) intr. to go forward, niarcli 2II4 i. iii. 109,
H8 11. iv. 23'J, Cyni. v. v. -185 Set on there ; (4) pro-
ceed, go on Cor. [iii. i. 57 \ Cies. i. ii. 11 l^et on ;
and leave no ceremony out ; set to, set (a limb),
1H4 V. i. 133 ; set ixp,-.v(< on (1) Cym. iir. iv. 90
thou thdt didst set up Jly disobedience t/ainst . . .
iiiy father.
setter: one who 'sets niatclies' (see set vb. 10), one
who decoys persons to be robbed 1H4 ii. ii. 5t).
TJCf. 'Setters', or 'Setting Dogs', they that draw
in Bubbles [ = dupes] for old Gamesters to Kook
(Diet, of Canting Crew).
setting- : set expression Tp. ii. i. 237 [229] The sct-
tnii/ of thine eye.
settle : to become calm or clear Wint. r\'. iii. [iv.]
484 till the fury of his hu/hness s., Lr. iv. vii. 82
trouble him no nairc Til I further settling ( = ' till his
mind is more composed ').
settled : fixed, routed Wint. iv. iii. |iv]. 537 ;;on-
diroi's and s. prnjirt. 1!2 I. i. 201 yours, hate ; con-
gealed, stagnant 2H4 IV. iii. 113 the blood . . . before
cold atid *., Rum. iv. v. 26 Her blood is s., and her
joints are stiff; resolved Mac. i. vii. 79 ; composed,
calm Meas.iir. i. 88 s. visage, Ham. iv. vii. 80 s. aye,
Sunn. xlix. 8 settled grarity.
seven: s. ijearis), typically for 'a long period ' "Wint.
IV. iii. [iv.]591, lH4n. iv. 347, 2H()ii. i. 2 theses.
ynirs' day, Lr. III. iv. 143/or seven lonij year.
sevennigbt : -sennight Ado ii. i. 377 a'just seven-
niyht ( = exactly a week), Wint. i. ii. 17.
several : the main senses are (1) separate, distinct,
different (e. g. Tp. iii. i. 42 /or s. virtues Have I
lik'ds. women ;oftencfK-/t.v., every s. =:eacli or every
particular), (2) particular, respective (e. g. Tp. iir.
iu.88 my meaner ministers Their s. liinds have done),
(3) divers, various (e. g. Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 184 He
sings s. tunes, H8 in. ii. 126 The s. parcels of his
plate), 'il In Sonn. cxxxvii. 9 a s. plot = a private
enclosed plot of ground (opposed to common plare
= common); hence allusively in LLL. ii. i. 221 Jly
lips are no common, thoui/h s. they be (quibble).
severally ; each in a particular way or for a par-
ticular purpose Tim. ii. ii. 197, Ctes. iir. ii. 10,
Cym. V. v. 398 ; separately, singly Troil. iv. v. 273.
severals (the sb. is not used in sing.)
1 individual persons Wint. I. ii. 226.
2 details, particulars H5 i. i. 86*.
3 individual qualities Troil. i. iii. 180.
severe: (of an animal) merciless Yen. 1000.
sewer' (old edd. sure, shore): drain Troil. v. i. 85,
Per. IV. vi. 191.
sewer - : servant whocarried in and arranged dishes
for a banquet Mac. i. vii. stage dii-.
sex : the general sex (see cenerai. adj.).
'sfoot : an oath - God's foot Troil. ii. iii. 6.
Shackle: to fetter (only fig.) AU'sW. ii. iii. 159,
Ant. v. ii. 6.
shade sb. (1 only in rhyme ; 3 cf. shadow 0)
1 (a person's) shadow ftonn. liii. 3.
2 visionary appearance Sonn. xliii. 8, 11.
3 phantom Wiv. v. v. 44 Fairies . . . moonshine
revellers, and shiules of night.
shade vb. :
1 to dull the brightness of Pilgr. x. 3 [133].
2 to cover up LLL. iv. iii. 44 leaves, shade fulhj.
shadow sb. (in2H4nr. ii. 147 =mere name without
a man to correspond to it)
1 shade Tp. iv. i. 67 groves, Whose s. the dismissed
bachelor loves, K2 ill. iv. 25, Lr. v. ii. 1 talie the s.
of this trie For your good host ; shady place AYL.
IV. i. 229 /'// go find a s. ; obscurity, darkness
Meas. 111. i. 258 ; pi. Sonn. xliii. 5.
2 shelter, protection 2H4 iv. ii. 15 In s. of swh
greatness, Tim. v. iv. 6 within the s. of your power
3 reflected image, reflexion John ii. i. 498 The s. of
myself form' d in her eye, Caes. I. ii. 58, 'Ven. 162
his shadow in the brook.
i image, portrait, likeness Gent. iv. ii. 128, Mer V.
III. ii. 127, 1H6 II. iii. 36 /.oiu/ tniu Ihij s. liafl'i
been thrall to me, For in my gallery thy picture haniis,
Lucr. 1457.
5 departed spirit, ' shade ' R3 i. iv. 53 A s. like an
angel. Tit. i. i. 100 That so the s-s be not xmappcasd,
Cym. V. iv. 97 s-s of Elysium ; (hence traiisf.)
corpse ( = GH0ST sb. 3) Ant. iv. ii. 27 ^1 mangled s.
6 spirit, jihantom MND. in. ii. 347, v. ii. 54 [i. 43(iJ
(uf the fairies), Ven. 1001 gentle shuelow [Death].
shadow vb.:
1 to conceal Mac. v. iv. 6 thereby shall we s. The num-
birs of our host.
2 to shelter, prcitect John II. i. 14.
shadow'd : (lark Mer.V. ii. i. 2 The s. livery of the
burnish'd sun ( = the swarthy aspect bestowed on
one by the bright sun).
shadowing- ' : ' intensifying itself with gloom '
(H. C. Hart) 0th. iv. i. 41 shadowing passion.
Shadowy : shady Gent. v. iv. 2 This s. desart, Lr. i.
i. 66 sheidoiry forests (Qq shady).
shady : Sonn. Ixxvii. 7 shady stealth, slow progress
of the shadow (on the dial).
shaft : arrow (freq.) ; see also boi.t sb. 1. ^ 'A shaft
hath tlireeprincipall partes, the stele, tliefetliers,
and the head ' (Ascham, Toxophilus).
shag-: shaggy Ven. 205 fetlocks s.; so shag-eared,
hairy-cared Mac. rv. ii. 81 thou s. villain (mod. edd.
shag-haireeli), shag-'haired 2H6 iii. i. 367 a s.
crafty kern.
shake (pa.t. shook, twice shaked ; pa.pple. shook, 5
times shaken, 3 timos shaked) : phr. .v. a per.son's
beard, defy, beard Ham. iv. vii. 32, Lr. in. vii. 77 ;
s. the ears, see ear sb.; *■. tliehead, ('/) nod 2H6 iv.
i. 55 ; s. off, refuse to accept or entertain Tw.N. v.
i. 77 Is. off these tunnes. Ant. in. vii. 33 these offers
. . . he s-s off;—s. out, (?) to blab All'sW. ii. iv. 25
many a metn's tongue s-s out h is maste r's nndoini/ ; —
.V. up, use with violence AYL. i. i. 30. ^ The com-
monest S. meanings of s. off are ' lay aside, get
rid of, discard '.
shale : shell 115 iv. ii. 18 the s-s and husks of men.
shall (clii)ped to s, old edd. se, in liom. i. iii. 9; cf.
isEand the monosyllabicscansionof/.s7/rt«in John
in. iv. 78 and elsewhere ; the uses of should are
given separately)
1 used where mod. idiom requires ' will ' All'sW.
V. iii. 27 inform him So 'tis our will he should.— I
s., my liege. Tit. iv. iv. 106 I'our bidding sheill I do
effectiuilly, Mac. in. iv. 57 If much you note him You,
shidl offend him. Ant. n. i. 1 // the great r/ods be
just, they shall assist The deeds ofjust'est men.
2 -will inevitably or assuredly, be bound to, must
AYL. I. i. 136 he theit escapes me without some broken
limb s. acquit him well, All'sW. in. ii. 24 I'ou s. hear
Imn run nuny : know it before the report cnw'\ John
V. ii, 78 I'our grace s. partion me, K3 iv. iv. 293 Jlcn
SHALLOW —
196
- SKXFT
s. deal unadvisedly sometimes, Lr. v. iii. 22 He that
parts us shall bring a brand from heaein.
3 with ellipsis of vb. of motion Tp. li. ii. 45 / s. no
mure to sea, H8 iii. ii. 305 out they s., Cor. m. i. 30
he s. to the market-idace, iv. vi. 149 Shad's to the
Capitol I, Ham. iii. iii. 4 he to Emjland s. ulotiy with
you.
shallow : v. in, a superficial ju Jge of All'sW. i. iii.
46 shallow . . . in yreat fricnd<.
shallowly: without consideration 2H4 iv. ii. 119
.Viist shallowly did yoa these arms commence.
shame sb.: shyness, modesty Cym. v. iii. 22.
shaiue vb. : to be ashamed AYL. iv. iii. lo7 I do not
s. To tell you what I wees, Cor. ir. ii. 72, Mac. ii. ii.
65 / 4-. To wear a heart so white, Lucr. 1084, 1143
As shamiHi/ any eye should thee behold.
shaxaefast, shatne-fac'd : moilest, bashful 3H6
IV. viii. 52, E3 i. iv. 142. T] The second element
of the word is the Anglo-Saxon adjective-suffix
' -fiCSt '.
shameless : as adv. Err. v. i. 202, Cym. v. v. 58.
shape sb. : used with considerable latitude and
f req. in contexts where ' form ' would now he
pieforred ; almost = fasliion in Ado iii. ii. 34 in tlie
s. of two countries at once ; 1H4 i. i. 58 s. of likeli-
hood =\)roha.hi\ity ; Ham. iv. vii. 150 to our s,=
for the part we propose to act.
shape vb. (rare in material sense)
1 to conform, adjust, proportion (one^thing <o an-
other) LLL. V. ii. (15 make him . . . s. his service
wholly to my hests, Tw.N. I. ii. 59a'. thou thy silence
to my wit, Lucr. 1458 shapes her sorrows to the
beldam's woes; also intr. to suit, agree Cym. v.
V. 347.
2 to form a mental image of, conceive, imasine 2H4
IV. iv. 58, Tim. i. i. 44 s-d out, Caes. iv. iii. 276 /;■
is the weakness of mine eyes That s-s this monstrous
apparition, 0th. II. i. 55, iir. iii. 148 iny jealousy
S-s faults that are not, Luci'. 973 Shape every hush
a lii'lciius sliapeless devil.
shapeless (2 cf. featureless, sightless)
1 not shaped to any end, aimless, purposelessGent.
I. i. 8* shapeless idleness.
2 unsliapely, ugly Err. iv. ii. 20, LLL. v. ii. 304.
shard (twice ; only in pi.)
1 fragment of pottery, potsherd Ham. v. i. 253.
2 wiuii-case (hence loosely, wing) of a beetle Ant.
III. ii. 20 They are liis ,s-s and he their beetle ; hence
shard-home beetle Mac. iii. ii. 42, sharded beetle
Cym. III. iii. 20.
share: to take as one's share, receive or gain H5
jv. iii. 32 40 yreat an honour As one mail, more , . .
would s. from me, Troil. i. iii. 367 What ylory our
Achilles s-s from Hector, Rom.i. iii. 91 ; to experi-
ence Lucr. 1431 sharing joy To see . . .
shark'd up : picked up or got together at haphazard
Ham. I. i. 98.
sharp sb.: (?) shrill high note Rom. iii. v. 28.
sharp adj.:
1 liungry, famished (also used as epithet of liunejer
itself = keen) Slir. iv. i. 193 My falcon now is s.
and passing empty, AU'sW. iii. ii. 121 s. constraint
of hunger, Von. 65 an empty eagle, s. by fust, Lucr.
422 Sliar/i liutigrr.
2 acute, .subtle LLL. v. i. S your reasons . . . harebeen
s., 1H6 II. iv. 17 nice s. quillets of the laic, H8ii. i.
14 (dlee/'d Mam/ sharp i-easons to defeat the law.
3 (?) liigh-pitched Gent. t. ii. 88.
sharp-looking': huiigry-looking Err. v. i. 241.
sharply : keenly Tp. v. i. 23 relish all as s., I'assion
(IS thiy, Cym. III. iv. 88 those that are betrayed Do
fill the treason sharply.
sharpness: liarshness, severity All's W. i. ii. 37,
Ant. ill. iii. 35.
sharp-provided: quick anl rea ly Yiii in. i. 132.
she (1 occurs nine times, 2 four times)
1 woman Tw.N. i. v. 261 the cruelist she alive, Wint.
I. ii. 44 lady she (=titled lady), Cym. i. iii. 29
The shes of Italy.
2 mistress, love LLL. v. ii. 470, AYL. m. ii. 10 The
fair, the chaste, and unexpressive 6yie,Wint. iv. iii.
[iv.] 361 To load my she with kiutcks, H5 u. i. 83 the
only she.
sheaf: to make corn into sheaves AYL. iii. ii. 114.
shealed: shelled, with the peas taken out Lr. i.
iv. 222 Thai's a shealed peascod. [ii. 145.
shearman: one who shears woollen cloth 2H6 iv.
sheathing : liaving a sheath made .shr. iv. i. 138
WaUir's dagger nas not come from sliealhing.
sheav'd : maJe of straw Compl. 31 her sheav'd hat.
shed : to lie scattered Troil. i. iii. 319.
sheep : used quibblingly with ship Gent. i. i. 73,
Err. IV. i. 94, LLL. ii. i. 219. ^ The two words
are still pronounced alike in the midlands.
sheep-biter : ' a poor, sorry, sneaking, ill-lookt
Fellow' (Diet, of Canting Crew) Tw.X. li. v. 6;
so sheep-biting adj. Meas. v. i. 354 show your
s. face, and be hanged an liour.'. [43.3.
sheep-hook : shepherd's crook Wint. iv. iii. [iv.]
sheep-shearing : feast held on the occasion of
the annual shearing of sheep on a farm "Wint. iv.
ii. [iii.] 126 / must go buy spices for our s.
sheer : clear, pure B2 v. iii. 61 Thou .v., immaculate,
and silver fountain; Shr. Ind. ii. 25 s. ale*, (?) ale
and nothing else.
sheet : to cover as with a sheet Ant. i. iv. 6-5.
sheeted : wrapped in a shroud Ham. i. i. 115.
shekelt : see sicle.
shelter : intr. to hide 1H4 ii. ii. 1 Come, s., s.
shelter'd: coucealed K3 iii. v. 32 the covert'si s.
traitor.
shelves : sandbanks 3H6 v. iv. 23, Lucr. 335.
shelving : projecting Gent. in. i. 115 Her chamber
IS . . . built so shelving.
shelvy : made of sandbanks Wiv. in. v. 16.
shent pa.pple. : blamed, reproved, rebuked, rated
Wiv. I. iv. 38, Tav.N. IV. ii. 115 lam s. for speak-
ing to yo7i, Cor. v. ii. lU4, Ham. in. ii. 423 [416],
^ Introduced as a pa.t. by Theobald in Troil. ii.
iii. 87 for Ff sen/.
sherrls : ' sack ' (white wine) imported from Xeres
in Spain, sherry 2H4 iv. iii. Ill, &c.; see sack.
shield: Gods., God forbid or forefend Meaa. in. i.
139 Heaven s. my mother play'd my father fair,
All'sW. I. iii. 176 (with negative idea repeated in
the second clause) Uod s. you mean it not!, Rom.
IV. i. 41 God shield I should disturb elevotion.
shift sb. (1 occurs once ; 2 is freq.) [mood.
1 change Tim. i. i. 85 Fortune in her s. and change of
2 contrivance, stratagem, (in a bad sense) trick
Err. III. ii. 189, John iv. iii. 7 I'll find a thousand
s-s to get aweiy. Tit. iv. i. 72, iv. ii. 178, Ant. ill.
ix. [xi.J 63 s-s of lowness, Lucr. 920; make (a) s.,
contrive Mer.V. i. ii. 96, 2H4 ii. i. 173 I'll make
other s. ( = manage some other way), Mac. ii. iii.
47 ; for (a) s., (i) to serve a purpose .Shr. Ind. i. 126,
3H6 in. ii. 108 ; (ii) as a makeshift Ado ii. iii. 86.
shift vb. (freq. in the sense of ' change ', trans, and
intr.)
1 to exchange Ant. v. ii. 151 mine will now be yours;
Anil, should ire shift estates, yours would be mine.
2 to ciiange (clothing) Cym. i. ii. 1 / would advise
yon to s. a shirt ; also refl. to put on fresh clothes
2H4 V. V. 24; intr. to change into other clothes
Lr. V. iii. 188. [straight ensues.
3 intr. to pass away Lucr. 1104 As one s-s, another
4 to contrive means, devise a stratagem Tp. v. i.
256, Wiv. I. iii. 35, Err. v. i. 168.
SHIFTING -
197
SHREWD
5 to contrive to get (somewhere) Ado iii. iii. 150
tlioa liitst s-ed out of thy tide, Mac. ii. iii. 152 let us
. . . slii/i an ay.
shifting': (?) deceitful Lucr. 930 injurious, s. Time.
shipman: manner Troil. v. ii. 169, Mac. i. iii. 17,
Per. I. iii. 24.
shipp'd : provided witli a sliip Otli. ii. i. 47.
shipping': take s., embarlc IHO v. v. 87; good s.,
guud voyage Slir. v. i. 43.
ship-tire : woman's liead-dress of extravagant
form resembling a ship, fasliionable in tlie Eliz.
period AViv. in. iii. tiO.
shive: slice Tit. u. i. 81 easy it is Of a ait loaf to
steal a sliue.
shiver : to be shattered into small pieces Lr. iv.
vi. 52 Tliou'dst shiver'd like an egg.
shivers: splinters, small fragments K2 rv. i, 289
critck'd in a hundred shiiers, Troil. li. i. 42.
shoal : sliallow H8 in. ii. 437 all the depths and s-s
of honour, Mac. I. vii. 6 upon this bank and shoalf
of time (old edd. school).
shock : to ' meet force witli force ' (J.) John v. vii.
117 ire shall shock them.
shoe : pi. shoes ; shoon only in a ballad Ham. iv. v.
2(1, and in the mouth of Jack Cade, 2H6 iv. ii. 199.
shoeing-horn : shoe-liorn ; emblem of a subser-
vient tool Troil. V. i. 01.
shog : to move off, go away H5 ii. i. 47, ii. iii. 48.
*\ Remains in midl. dialects.
shoot : act of shooting, discharge of a missile, shot
LLL. IV. i. 10 A stand where you may make tlie fairest
s., 3H6 III. i. 7 and so my s. is lost. Ham. v. ii. 380
at a shoot (Qq s/io/).
shop:
1 fig. store Cym. v. v. 167 A s. of all the quedities that
titan Lores woman for.
2 worksliop Cor. i. i. 139.
shore sb.': H5 iv. i. 285 the high s. of this world, the
exalted places of the earth ; Ant. iv. xiii.[xv.] 11
the retrying s. of the world, (?) the earth with its
continual variations.
shore sb.2 : seesEWEK'.
shore vb. : to put ashore Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 875.
short adj. (l see also come short)
1 inadequate LLL. iv. iii. 2-il praise too s. doth blot,
Tim. I. i. 97/re talents is hiselebt, His means most s.
2 kept s., ' kept, as it were, tethered, under control '
(Clark and Wright) Ham. iv. i. 18.
short vb. (used only twice)
1 to cut short (fig.) Cym. i. vi. 200 Isheill s. my word
By lengthening mi/ return.
2 to shorten itself Pilgr. xiv. 30 [210] Short, night,
to-night.
short-armed: havingashortreachTroil.il. iii. 15
short-armed ignorance (Dyce conj. short-aimedf).
shortness: straightforwardness Shr. iv. iv. 39.
shot ' : what a person owes at an alehouse, tavern-
leckoniiigGent. ii. v. 7, 10, 1H4 v. iii. 31 (quibble
on SHOT 2), Cym. v. iv. 158.
shot-: marksman 2H4 III. ii. 298 a little, lean, old,
chopp'd, bald shot ; as a collective = marksmen 1H6
I. iv. 53 a guard of chosen s., H8 v. iv. 60 loose s.
(see LOOSE adj. 1),
shot-free : without having to pay 1H4 v. iii. 30.
shotten : (of a herring) that has 'shot ' or shed its
roe and is worthless 1H4 ii. iv. 145.
shough: shaggy-haired kind of dog Mac. in. i. 94.
should (1 cf. SHALL 1 ; 3 common Eliz.)
1 used where the mod. idiom requires 'would'
Mer.V. I. ii. 98 ijou s. refuse toperform your father's
will, if, , ., Wint. I. ii. 57 To be your prisoner s.
import offending, Troil. i. iii. 116 Force s. be right.
Ham. III. ii. 321 Vour wisdom s. show itself more
richer to signify this to his doctor.
2 was likely to, (hence) = mif;ht (have), could (have)
Tp.v. i. 279 irhere s. they Find this grand liquor?,
1H6 II. i. 71 how or which way should they first break
in ?, 0th. III. iv. 24 ^['litre s.llose that hunefkerchieff.
3 in narrative or reported speech, serving as the
auxiliary of the past tense Gent. ii. iii. 27-8, AYL.
in. ii. 183 didst thou hear without wondering, how
thy name should be hanged and caned upon these
trees ?, Shr. ni. ii. 162 ichen the priest Should ask . . .
shoulder : in the s. of, behind Ham. i. iii. 56 The
wind sits in the shoulder of your sail.
shoulder-clapper : one who claps another on tho
slioulder (i) in a friendly way, (ii) to arrest him
Err. IV. ii. 37.
shoulder'd^ : (a) thrust violently out of i(s place
(b) immersed up to the shoulders R3 ui. vii. 127
almost s. in the swallowing gulf Of dark fornd-
fulness.
shoulder-shotten : foundered in the shoulder
Shr. III. ii. 57.
shout : in Cor. i. i. 220, i. ix. 50 old edd. shoot : cf.
HOOT (llOWt).
Shove-groat Shilling: shillingcoined in the reign
ot Edward VI commonly used in the game of
shove-groat, which consisted in pushing coins
towards a mark 2H4 n. iv. 205 ; a similar game
was shovel-board, whence the name Edward
shorel-hoards for the same coin Wiv. i. i. 161.
show sb. (the main senses are 'act of exhibiting or
demonstrating', 'display, ostentation', 'appear-
ance, aspect', 'spectacular peiformance')
1 thing seen, vision, sight Tp. ii. ii. 5 urdiin s-s, R2
in. iii. 71 That any harm should stain so fair a s.,
Lr. in. vi. 114 Leariny free things and happy s-s
behind, Cym. v. v. 429.
2 representation, picture Lucr. 1507, 1580.
show vb. (1 very freq.; by ellipsis ai)p. = seem to do
in Sonn. xciv. 2)
1 to have (a certain) appearance, appear, seem AYL.
I. iii. 84 thou wilt s. more bright and seem more
virtuous When she is gone, H5 iv. i. 108 the element
shows to him as it doth to me, Cor. iv. v. 68 Thou
shoio'st a noble vessel, Mac. i. iii. 64 Are yefantas-
ticeil, or that indeed Which outwardly ye show?, Lr.
I. iv. 267 this our court . . . Shoirs like a riotous inn,
Ant. IV. viii. 7 you have shown all Hectors, Sonn.
cv. 2 Let not . . . my beloved as an idol show.
2 to exhibit as a show Ant. iv. x. 49 [xii. 36] be
shown For poor'st diminutives.
showing : great s., ' distinguished appearance '
(Schmidt) Ham. v. ii. 114.
shrew sb.: scold; often shpow in old edd. and
rhyming with 0, show, woe.
shrew vb. : = the much commoner beshrew Wint,
I. ii. 281 s. my heart, Cym. li. iii. 147 shrew me.
shrewd (3 often a mere intensive, cf. shrewdly 2)
1 malicious, mischievous, ill-natured ; (of persons)
LLL. v. ii. 12 a s. unhappy gallows, MXD. n. i. 33
that s. and knavish sprite, 1H6 1. ii. 123 s. tempters,
Ca;s. II. i. 158 A s. contriver. Yen. 500 Thy eyes' s.
tutor, that hard heart of thine ; (of things) Wiv. ii.
ii. 237 there is s. construction made of her, All'sW.
III. v. 68 do her A shrewd turn, H8 v. iii. 177.
2 shai-p (of tongue or speech), shrewish Ado ii. i. 20
so s. of thy tongue, MND. in. ii. 323 when she's
angry, she is keen and s., Shr. I. i. 184 Her elder
sister is so curst and shrewd, R3 li. iv. 35.
3 (of things) of tvil import, nature, or effect, bad,
' nasty ', grievous, ' soi-e ' Mer.V. in. ii. 244 There
are some s. contents in ijon same paper, AYL. v. iv.
180 That have endur'd s. days and nights with us,
John V. V. lifoul s. news, 2H6 ii. iii. 41 That bears
so s. a maim, 0th. in. iii. 430 'Tis a s. doubt, Ant.
IV. ix. 5.
U
198
SHREWDIiY—
slirewdly (2 cf. shrewd 3)
1 sharply ; (mentally) Ado ii i. 85 you apprehewl
passing shrewdly ; (physically) Ham. i. iv. 1 The
air hites shrewdly. -i, ah- -«'
2 grievously, intensely, highly, very much All s\\ .
nt. V. 89 .9. vexed, Wint. v. i. 102 'tjss ehhd, Ho
III. vii. 169 these Enf/lish are s. out of beef, Iroi .
Tri iii 999 CfeS. III. i. 1-W5. KM)-
shiieve -."sheriff AirsW. iv. iii. 213, 2H4 iv. iv. 99
shrift: confession (and absolution) Meas. iv. ii.
OH 3H6 III. ii. 107, Rom. l. i. 164, &c. ; confes-
sfoi'ial 0th. HI. iii. 24 His led .shall seem a school,
his board a shrift. „ „ -, ••■ oi a.„u-^
Shrill forth : to utter loudly Troil. v. in. 84 Andi o-
mar'he shrills her dolours forth. _ _
shrill-fforffed : high-voiced Lr. iv. vi. o9.
Ihrinef iifage (as of a saint) Mer.V. ii. vii. 40 To
kiss this s., this mortal-breathing saint, Rom. i. v.
78, Cym. v. v. 165 laming The s. of Venus, Lucr.
shrink : to shiver AYL. ii. i. 9 till I s. mth cold,
Cvm IV. iv. 30 The shrinking slaves of winter.
shrive : to hear a person's confession and give him
absolution Err. ii. ii. 212 Fll ... s you of a ihon-
sand idlepranks, Mer.V. i. ii. 142, Rom. ii. iv. 196
s-'d and married ; gerund used attrib. Hi ni ii.
113 shriving work, Ham. v. ii. 47 Not shrmng-time
allow'd. .. ,„„ r-,
shriver: confessor 3H6 in. 11. 108. , L/i-
shroud sb. : shelter, protection Ant. in. xi. Ixiii.J
shroud vb.: to slielter, conceal LLL. ly. in. id',
3H6 III. i. 1, IV. iii. 39 ; intr. to take slKjlter
Tp. II. ii. 43 / will here shroud. .
shrouds: sail-ropes John v. vn. 53, 3Hb y. iv. i».
shrow : shrew LLL. v. ii. 46, Slir. iv. i. 213, v. ii.
28, 189.
1 to practise trickery Wiv. ii. ii. 26, Ham. iv. vii
137 with a little shuffling you may choose A sword
itnhated.
2 to shift ( for itself) Cym. v. v. 106
Shunless: "inevitable Cor. ii. u. m s. d^slmy.
Shut: s. up in, confine to All'sW. i. 1. 199, Troil. i.
iii. 58, Mac. ii. i. 16*, 0th. in. iv. 120*.
Sibyl : in classical antiquity, inspired prophetess
attached to the god Apollo, Shr. i. ii. <0 As old as
Sibtil 1H6 1, ii. 56 the nine s-s of old Rome ; hence
sen. bth. in. iv. 71 ; Sibyls' leaves, the Sibylline
Books, the name for one or more collections ot
prophecies ascribed to the Sibyls Tit. iv. i. lOo
the angry northern wind Will blow these sands It/ce
Sibyl's leaves abroad.
Sibylla: = Sibyl Mer.V. i. n. 114 as old as Sibylla.
Sicil : Sicily 2H6 i. i. 6 ; the S-s, Sicily and ^aples
3H6 I. iv. 122, V. vii. 39. .
Sick adj. (freq. in fig. context and expressive ot a
disordered, distempered, or corrupt condition)
1 oppressed with sorrow, weakness, or famtness
Gent. I. i. 69 heart sick with thought, John v. m. 4,
3H6 V. ii. 8 my sick heart. Ham. I. i. 9.
2 longing for All'sW. I. ii. 16 sick For breathing
and exploit, Tw.N. in. i. 54, 2H4 v. iii, 139 ; so
Wiv. m. ii. 29 sick till I see her ( = longing to see
3 envious (.of) H8 I. ii. 82 sick interpreters, Troil. i.
iii. 131 Sift Of his superior.
4 having a feeling of loathing or repugnance Ado
u. ii. 5 I am sick in displeasure to him, MND. ii. i.
212 / am sick when I do look on you.
5 of a sickly hue, pale Rom. ii. ii. 8 Her vestal livery
is but sick and green. .. „. „ .,,
6 accompanied by illness R2 n. ii. 84 the sick hour
that his surfeit made ; attending upon illness John
IV. i. 52 at your sick service.
-SIGNIOS
sick vb. : to sicken 2H4 IV. iv. 128 sick'd and died.
sicken: to be nauseated (i) with surfeit Tw.N. 1. 1.3,
Mac. IV. i. 00, (ii) with revulsion AU'sW. v. in. 209.
sicklied o'er: covered over with a sickly hue
Ham. in. i. 85.
sickly : of sickness All'sW. n. in. 118 my s. bed,
Ham. ni. iii. 96 thy sickly days.
sick-thoughted : oppressed with desire Ven. 5 Sick-
thotii/htid Ytnns.
side (mod. edd.) : shekel Meas. n. ii. 149 (FI sickles ;
Pope shekels f).
Side adj. : long Ado iii. iv. 21 side sleeves.
sidevb. (2 perhaps aphetic form of 'decide', still in
use in northern dial.)
1 to take sides with Cor. i. i. 199 [they] sidefeictions.
2 to assign to a side or party Sonn. xlvi. 9* To side
this title (mod. edd. 'ciele^).
side-piercing : heart-rending Lr. rv. vi. 86.
siege : , ^ .
1 seat Meas. iv. ii. 101 siege of justice.
2 rank Ham. iv. vii. 76 Of the unworthiest s., 0th. i.
ii. 22 men of royal siege (Qqia height).
3 excrement Tp. ii. ii. 114 the s. of this moon-calf.
sieve : used by witches to sail in Mac. i. iii. 8 ; fig.
of a person AU'sW. i. iii. 210. Uln Troil. n. ii.
71 Q has the remainehr viands We do not throw m
rHrespect[i]ue siue, Fi same, Ff23 4 place, mod. edd.
s(w\, sure\.
Sigh: to lament Sonn. xxx. ZIs. the lack of many
a thing I sought.
sight (1 still a Wai-wickshire use)
1 pupil of the eye Compl. 282 his . . . eyes.. ., Vihose
sights till then were kiell'd on my face.
2 visor 2H4 iv. i. 121 Their eyes of fire speirklmg
through sights of steel. .^ ,,.,
Sighted : having eyes Wint. i. ii. 388 sighted like
the basilisk.
sight-hole: peep-hole 1H4 n-. i. 71.
sightless (3 not pre-S.) .
1 not seeing, blind Sonn. xxvii. 10 my s. view, xlni.
12 s. eyes ; not lit by the sun or 'eye of day Lucr.
1013 sightless night.
2 invisible Mac. i. v. 50, i. vii. 23.
3 unsightly John m. i. 45 sightless stains.
sign sb. (the sense 'omen, portent is Ireq.)
1 signal 1H6 n. i. 3, in. ii. 8, Ca?s. v. i. 23 shall ice
(live sif/n of battle ?. . j j ttc
2 sign of battle or «('«>-, ensign, banner, standard H5
n ii. 192 the signs of war advance, Caes. v. i. 14
Their bloody sign of battle ; cf. 0th. I. i. Iblflag and
siun of love. , i , . i
3 sign of the leq. sign hung over a bootmaker s shop
2H4 n. iv. 271. ^, . ^ . ,
4 mere appearance or semblance (o/ something) Arto
IV i m She's but the s. and semblance of her honotir,
LLL. v. ii. 470, R3 iv. iv. 89 A sign of dignity, a
garish flag (cf. sense 2), 0th. i. i. 158 Which is in-
deed but sign. , , , .
5 (?) constellation Cj-m. i. ii. 34* she s a good sign,
but I have seen small reflection of her wit.
sign vb. (2 cf. note on SIGN sb.)
1 to mark H8 ii. iv. 106 You s. your place and calling
. With meekness, Cks. ni. i. 206 S- d in thy spoil
C=bearing tlie bloody tokens of thy slaughter);
to mark out John iv. ii. 222 s-'d to do a deed of
shame (? if not aphetic form of 'assigned ).
2 to bode Ant. rv. iii. 14 It signs ti'ell- .
signal : sign, token H5 v. Chor. 21, 1H6 n. iv. 121.
siCTiificant : to\en, sign LLL. ni. i. 137 (applied
Ijombastically to a letter), 1H6 ii. iv. 2b In dumb
-,(V/)»/c(U)/s. tTheadj.isnotS. . ,« „ ,
signior : gentleman, nobleman Mer.V. 1. 1. 10 s-s
and rich burghers.
SIGWOBY - 1
Siifnory (old edd. also seit/iwrtj)
1 pi. domains, estates R2 ni. i. 22, 2H4 iv. i. 111.
2 one of the states of northern Italy under the rule
of princes Tp. i. ii. 71.
.3 governing body of Venice Otli. i. ii. 18.
silence sb.: concr. =silent one Cor. ii. i. 194.
silence vb. : euphemistically for ' to keep under
restraint ' 2H4 v. ii. 97, H8 1. i. 97 ; cf. put to sihnci',
C»s. I. ii. 291.
silent : silence 2H6 i. iv. 19 (hesiknt of the niijlit.
silk : silky AYL. in. v. 46 silk hair.
silken:
1 worked in silk Compl. 17 silken figures.
2 delicate, soft, effeminate LLL. v. ii. 407 s. terms,
Jolin V. i. 70 A cocker'd s. wanton, H5 ii. Cher. 2
.s/7/,Y)! (hdliance, R3 i. iii. 53.
silly (see the earlier form seely ; senses 2, 3, 4, 6
and that of ' footish, senseless ' are not pre-Eliz.)
1 deserving of pity, ' poor ' R2 v. v. 25 *■. bcf/gars
Who sitthif/ in the stocks . . ., 2H6 I. i. 226, Lr.il. ii.
109 s. ducking observants, Lucr. 1812* s. jeering
idiots.
2 helpless, defenceless (of women) Gent. rv. i. 72,
3H6 I. i. 243, (of sheep) 3H6 ii. v. 43, Yen. 1098.
3 feeble, frail 1H6 ii. iii. 22 a silli/ dwarf.
4 scanty, meagre 3H6 iii. iii. 93* threescore and two
years, a silly time To make prescription for a king-
dom's north.
6 unsophisticated, simple Lucr. lSi6 silly groom .'.
6 plain, simple, homely Tw.N. n. iv. 46 it iss. sooth,
1H6 IV. vii. 72, Cym. v. iii, 86 a fourth man, in a
silly habit.
7 silly cheat, (?) petty thievery Wint. iv. ii. [iii.] 28.
silverly (not pre-S.) : with silveiy brightness John
V. ii. 46.
silver-sheddingf : flowing in silvery streams
Gent. iir. i. 231 silrer-shcdding tears.
simple sb. (common 1580-1750)
1 medicinal lierb Wiv. i. iv. 65, m. iii. 79 like
Bucklersbury in s.-time (=niidsummer, the time
at which apothecaries were supplied with
simples), Rom. v. i. 40 Culling ofs-s, Lr. iv. iv. 14.
2 ingredient or element in a compound AYL. rv. i.
18, Ham. n^ vii. 144, Lucr. 530.
simple adj. (the chief meanings are 'humble, un-
pretentious', 'artless, unaffected', ' ordinaiy,
undistinguished', 'plain, homely', 'insignifi-
cant, feeble ', ' plain, mere ', ' of weak intellect ',
' foolish, silly ')
1 of poor or humble condition Slir. Ind. i. 135 this
s. peasant, "Wint. rv. iii. [iv.] 774, Ant. v. ii. 340
A s. countryman [cf. line 232 a rural fellow] ; plir.
simple though I stand here Wiv. i. i. 226.
2 uncompounded, unmixed Wiv. ni. v. 32 [sack]
With eggs, sir ? — Simple of itself, Sonn. cxxv. 7 For
compound sweet foregoing simple savour, Phosn.44.
simpleness :
1 simplicity, innocenceMND. v. i.83, 0th. i. iii. 248.
2 integrity All'sW. i. i. 62.
3 piece of folly Rom. m. iii. 76 (Q2).
simplicity : folly, silliness LLL.rv.ii.23,v.ii. 52 p)o-
founds., Mer.V. i. iii. 44, Sonn. Ixvi. 11 simple
truth miscall'd simplicity.
simply : without addition, by itself Wiv. iii. ii. 81
let him take her s., AU'sW. iv. iii. 373 s. the thing
7aHi,Troil. in. iii. 80.
simular : sb. counterfeiter Lr. ni. ii. 54 s. of virtue,
(Ff; Qq s. man of virtue) ;—a(ij. counterfeited,
pretended Lr. in. ii. 54 (Qq), Cym. v. v. 201 with
simular proof enough.
since ; (with verbs of recollection) when, the time
whenM'S'D.u.i.liQThouremcmbcr'st Since once .. .,
Wint. v. i.219, 2H4in. ii. 208, 2H6in. i. 9 Weknow
the time since he was mild and affable.
9 -SIR
sinew sb. :
1 pi. nerves Lr. iii. vi. 107, Ven. 903.
2 pi. strength Cor. v. v. [vi]. 45my s-sshall besiretch'd
upon Iii III.
3 main strength orsupport, mainstay Meas. in. i. 229
the portion and s. of her fortune, 1H4 rv. iv. 17~(
rated sinew, H5 i. ii. 223.
sinew vb. : to join fast together as with sinews 3H6
_ II. vi. 91.
sinewed: strengthened John v. vii. 88.
sinfully : in the midst of his sins H5 iv. i. 157 do
sinfully miscarry uiioii the sea.
singing--man : man who sings in the choir of a
cathedral or collegiate church 2H4 11. i. 101 a s.
of Windsor.
singfle (the most freq. senses are 'only one*, 'sepa-
rate, solitary ', ' unmarried ' ; MND. i. i. 78 s. blessed-
ness, divine blessing accorded to a life of celibacy)
1 mere 3H6 v. i. 43 whiles he thought to steal the s.
ten (at cards).
2 poor, weak, feeble Tp. i. ii. 429 A s. thing (play
on the meanings 'solitaiy ', 'one '), 2H4 i. ii. 210,
Cor. n. i. 40* your helps are many, or else your
actions would grow iiondrous single, Mac. i. iii. 140
my s. state of man, i. vi. 16* All our service . . .twice
done . . . Werepoor and single business.
3 single-minded, sincere HS v. iii. 38.
4 s. bond*, bond without a condition Mer.V. i. iii. 146.
single vb. : (in hunting parlance) to select (an
animal) fi-om the herd to be hunted (only allu-
sively) 3H6 II. iv. 1 1 have s-d thee alone. Tit. 11. i.
117 Single you thither then this dainty doe.
singleness: simplicity, silliness Rom. 11. iv. 72.
single-soled : fig. contemptible, mean Rom. n.
iv. 71 Os.Jest!. HCf.' A threadbare or single-soled
gentleman ' (Cotgr. s.v. ' Relief ').
singly :
1 by a single individual Cor. 11. ii. 92 [he] cannot Be
singly counttrpois'd.
2 uniquely Tim. rv. iii. 532 Thou singly honest man.
singular: adj. unmatched, uni<jue Wint. iv. iii.
[iv.] 144, Cym. iii. iv. 124 .s. of /(/.scu/;— adv. singu-
larly 2H4 III. ii. 120 vcnj siiu/uUir good.
singularity :
1 peculiarity, eccentricity T^v.N. 11. v. 166 the trick
of s. , Cor. I. i. 284 More than his s. ( = apart from his
peculiar character).
2 pi. rarities, curiosities Wint. v. iii. 12.
singule (once) : to single out LLL. v. i. 87 (Qi).
sini'ster (2 common about 1470-1650)
1 left (hand) MND v. i. 165, All'sW. 11. i. 44 on
his sinister cheek, Troil. iv. v. 127.
2 unjust, unfair Meas. in. ii. 263 [256] no s. measure,
Tw.N. I. V. 189, H5 n. iv. 85 no s. nor no awkward
claim.
sink:
1 to perish, go to rain Troil. iv. i. 70, 0th. 11. iii.
211 s. in my rebuke. Ant. ni. vii. 15 S. Rome!, Per.
IV. vi. 132.
2 to cause to perish, ruin All'sW. v. iii. 183, H8 11.
sinke-a-pace : see cinquepace. [i. 60.
sinking-ripe : ready to sink En-, i. i. 77.
sir (3 is sometimes ironical)
1 lord, sovereign Ant. v. ii. 119 Sole sir 0' the world.
2 gentleman Tp. v. i. 69, Tw.N. iii. iv. 83 sotne sir
of note, Cym. v. v. 146 a nobler sir ne'er liv'd ;
ironically used Wint. i. ii. 212 this great sir, Lr.
n. iv. 79, Cyiii. l. i. 166 0 brave sir ) ; iihr. play
the sir, act the fine gentleman 0th. 11. i. 176.
3 freq. as a polite form of address ; sometimes
with another vocative Tp. v. i. 245 Sir, my liege,
Wint. I. ii. 318 Sir, my lord, (3yni. in. i. 16 ;— pre-
fixed to a designation of rank, status, or occupa-
tion Tp. v. i. 106 sir king, Ado v. i. 83 sir boy,
SIRE —
200
SI.E&F
Wiiit,i.ii.l36sn-iw.iyf,Tit.iv.iii. 2;— pi. addressed
to women Ant. iv. xiii. Lxv.] 85; to .i man and
a woman together LLL. iv. iii. 212.
4 as a title prefixed to the Christian name of a
priest Wiv. l. i. 1 Sir Hiujh, LLL. iv. ii. 11 Sir
KutlKinid, R3 in. ii. 108 good Sir John (John being
the name conventionally applied to a priest; .see
Jack 8) ; cf. Tw.N. in. iv. 302 / am one UmI
uonUl rather yo iritli sir priest than sir knight.
sire vb.: to beget (fig.) Cym. iv. ii. 26.
Siren: name of certain sea-nymphs who allm-ed
sailors by their songs ; transf. fair charmer Err.
in. ii. 47, Tit. ii. i. 23 ; as adj. Sonn. cxix. 1 Siren
tears.
sirrali: ordinary form of address to inferiors;
when used otherwise it implies disrespect or
undue familiarity, e.g. 1H4 i. ii. 200 ;— prefixed
to designations LLL. in. i. 12(5 S. Costard, 1H4 ii.
i. 46 S. carrier ;— once addressed to a woman Ant.
V. ii. 228 Sirrah Iras, go ;— in passages of solilo-
quy n/j sirrah isapp. addressed by the speaker to
himself A YL. iv. iii. 167, 2H4 v. iii. 16, Rom. i.
V. 33, 130.
sir-reverence: corruption of 'save your rever-
ence' (see KEVERENCE) Err. in. ii. 93 such a one
(IS a man may not speak of ivUliout he say ' 6'.' ; cf.
liom. I. iv. 42 this — save your reference— love (Qi
only this sir-reverence love).
sister sb.: tlie s-s three, the tliree Fates or Parcae,
MND. V. i. 344, Mer.V. ii. ii. 68, 2H4ii. iv. 212.
sister vb.: to be near akin to Per. v, Gower 7 her
art sisters the natural roses.
sisteringf : neighbouring Compl. 2 a sistering vale.
sit (2 sif hairy occurs twice ; cf. sit sore said of the
wind on the sails R2 n. i. 266)
1 pregnantly = to sit in council, take counsel to-
gether, hold a session H5 v. ii. 80 To sit with iis,
2H6 IV. vii. 92, K3 in. i. 173 To sit about ihecorona-
tion. Per. i. i. 10, n. iii. 92 ire sit too long on trifles.
2 pregnantly = to sit or lie heavy, be oppressive
Meas. V. i. 390 Your hr other's death . . . sits at your
heart, All'sW. ii. i. 147 ^Yhere . . . despair most
sits (fltsf). Ham. iii. iv. Ill amazement on thy
mother sits.
3 sit in, be contained in Sonn. ciii. 13.
sitabove: liavea higher place than Tim. in. ii. 95
policy sits above conscience ; sit down, lay siege
Cor. IV. vii. 28 All jjlaces yield to him ere he sits
down ; for AH'sW. I. i. 131, Ant. in. xi. [xiii.]
168 see set down (before) ; sit out, not to take
part LLL. i. i. 110.
sith adv., prep., and conj.: since Ham. ii. ii. 12
(Q I sith, Ff since) ; Wiv. ii. ii. 199, Meas. iv. i. 75
(.s7//( that . . .), Ham. ll. ii. 6 (Qq Sith nor, Ff
Since not) ; 3H6 n. i. 106 things sith thenbefallen.
slthence (only twice) : since; adv. Cor. in. i. 46;
conj. AH'sW. I. iii. 126.
sittings : interview Wint. rv. iii. [iv.] 574.
size: pi. allowances Lr. ii. iv. 178 io scant my s-s.
^ Cf. the Cambridge ' sizar '.
siz'd : of a particular magnitude Ham. in. ii. 182 as
my love is sis'd, my fear is so.
skainsmate '^ (unexplained): Rom. ii. iv. 163.
skill sb. (the old sense of 'reason' may occur in
Wint. IV. iii. [iv.] 152* you hare As little s. to fear
(IS I hare purpose Topiit you io't, but some inter-
pret 'ability')
1 cunning, pretence Wint. n. i. 165 or stupefied
Or seeming so in skill.
2 piece of good policy 1H4 i. ii. 238 I'll so offend to
make offence a skill.
skill vb.: it s-s not greatly or much, it makes no
great difference, is no great matter Shr. in. ii.
135, Tw.N. V. i. 298, 2H6 in. i. 281.
skill-less : $. m or of, unacquainted with Tp. in. i.
63 hoic features are abroad, I am s. of, Tw.N. ni.
iii. 9 Being skill-less in these parts.
Skillet: small saucepan 0th. i. iii. 274.
Skimble-skamble: confused, rambling 1H4 in.
153 sIcimbU-slMinbU stuff.
skin: to cover with or as with skin Meas. ii. ii. 136
(( kind of medicine . . . That skins the rice a' the top,
Ham. III. iv. 147 skin and film the ulcerous place.
skipper: flighty fellow Shr. ii. i. 333 [341].
skippingf: flighty, thoughtless LLL. v. ii. 769,
Tw.N. I. v. 215, 1H4 in. ii. 60, Mac. I. ii. 30.
skirr : to move rapidly H5 iv. vii. 65 ; to scour
(the country) Mac. v. iii. 35.
skirted: wearing a coat with skirts (in vogue
among the French) Wiv. i. iii. 91.
Skogan, Skogfi^in: spellings of Scogan.
skulking^: cowering, lurking Wint. i. ii. 289.
skyey: of the atmosphere Meas. in. i. 9 s. influences.
skyish: reaching to the sky Ham. v. i. 275.
slab: (app.) viscous, semi-solid Mac. iv. i. 32 Make
the gruel thick and slab, "jj The Eliz. and 17th cent.
'slabby ' = (1) muddy, slimy, (2) viscous.
slack adj.: phr. come s. of, fall short of, in duteous-
ness Lr. i. iii. 10.
slack vb.: to be slack or remiss in Wiv. in. iv. 116
to slack it [viz. an errand], 0th. iv. iii. 90 they s.
their duties ; to be neglectful of (a person) Lr. ii.
iv. 248.
slake : to abate ; trans. 3H6 i. iii. 29 s. mine ire ;
intr. Lucr. 1677.
slander sb. (unexplained in Meas. i. iii. 43*)
1 reproach, disgrace Err. rv. iv. 69 Free from these
s-s and this open shame, R2 1. iii. 241 A partial s.
(= reproach of partiality), v. vi. 35 A deed of s.,
2H6 in. ii. 209, R3 iii. iii. 12 for viore s. to thy
dismal seat, Lucr. 1207 ; applied to persons who
cause disgrace or bring reproach R2 i. i. 113 this
slander of his blood, H5 in. vi. 86, R3 I. iii. 231.
2 evil report, ill repute Err. in. i. 105 s. lives %i,pon
succession. Ado iv. i. 213, H8 ii. i. 163, Gym. i. i.
71 After the s. of most step-mothers,
slander vb.:
1 to reproach (a person) with something disgraceful
Gent. in. ii. 31, John i. i. 74 he s-'d me with bas-
tardy, 3H6 I. iv. 47 slanders him with cowardice.
2 to bring disgrace or reproach upon Ado ii. iii. 48
To s. tnusic, Ham. i. iii. 133 I would not . . . Have
you so s. any moment's leisure, As . . .,Cym. iii. v.
76, Sonn. cxxvii. 4 s-'d with a bastard's shame.
slanderous: that is a disgi-ace or reproach John
in. i. 44 iglyand s. to thy mother's womb, Lucr.
1001 s. deathsman to so base a slave.
slaughter: transf. = blood John ii. i. 323.
slave: to make subservient to oneself Lr. iv. i. 69.
slaver: to be befouled (with unclean lips) Cym. i.
vi. 105.
sleave: raw or floss silk Mac. ii. ii. 38 Sleep that
knits np the ravell'd s. of care ; so sleave-silk
Troil. V. i. 35 thou idle immaterial skein of s, (Ff
Sleyd silk).
sledded*: (?) like a ' sled ' or sledge hammer Hani.
I. i. 03 He smote the s. pollax on the ice (Qq shaded ;
Malone s. Polacksj- =I'o]es in sleds or sledges).
sleek : to smoothe Mac. in. ii. 27 s. o'er your ruqged
looks.
sleep :
1 fig. to be inactive or ineffectual Meas. Ti. ii. 90
The law hath not been dead, though it hath slept,
Ham. I. iii. 3 do not .«., But let me hear from you,
IV. ii. 26 a knavish speech s-s in a foolish ear, Lr. I.
iv. 232 nor the redresses s., Sonn. Ixxxiii. 6* ('have
not been active in sounding your praises').
2 sleep upon, be regardless of or blina to (some evil)
SLEEVE-HAND-
201
SMOOTH
H8 II. ii. 43 open The king's eyes, Hint so long have
slept ujwii This bold bad wan, Tim. iir. v. 44. [21:2.
sleeve-hand : ctiflf or wristband "VVint. iv. iii. [iv.]
sleeveless : futile Troil. v. iv. 9 a sleeveless errand.
Sleid, sleided ; (of silk) raw or unwrought Troil.
V. i. 35 shid silk (Q sitiue silk), Per. iv. Gower 21
she HK(r'd ike sUidid silk (old edd. sleded, sledded),
Coinpl. 48 Wi/h sleided silk . . . Enswalh'd.
sleight : cumiing, trickery 3H6 iv. ii. 20 ; pi. arts
Mac. II r. V. 2G inai/ic sleiyhls.
slice : applied to a thin person Wiv. I. i. 137.
'slid : an oath = by God's lid (Troil. i. ii. 225) Wiv.
III. iv. 24, Tw.N. III. iv. 428.
sliding' : lapse, moral slip Meas. ii. iv. 110.
slight adj. (' trifling ' is the prevailing sense)
1 insignificant LLL. v. ii. 404 some s. zany, Cor. v.
ii. 110, Caes. ivri. 12 « s. imnierituble man, Sonn.
xxxviii. 13 my slif/ht 3Iuse.
2 taking things lightlj', careless Tim. ii. i. 17 s.
denial, Cyni. iii. v. 35 loo slight in sufferance.
3 unsubstantial Sonn. xlv. 1 slight air.
slight vb.: to toss slightingly Wiv. m. v. 9 s-ed
Me into the river.
'slight: an oath=by God's light Tw.X. ii. v. 38.
slightly: carelessly, heedlessly Mcr.V. v. i. 107,
K3 HI. vii. 19 Viitoach'd or s. handled in discourse,
Troil. III. iii. 100 ; lightly H8 ii. iv. 110.
slightness: trifling, triviality Cor. iii. i. 147.
Slipsb.(2 'counterfeyt peecesof niony, beingbrassc,
couered ouer with siluer ', R. Greene ; used quib-
blingly in both the S. passages ; cf. Troil. ir. iii.
28 // / cotdd have remembered a gdt coiinttrfeit,
thou icoiddst not have slipped out of my contem-
plation)
1 noose in which greyhounds are lield H5 iii. i. 31
yoitf stand like greyhounds in the slips.
2 counterfeit coin Kom. ii. iv. 63 What counterfeit
did I give you? — The slip, Ven. h\b for fear uf slips
Set thy seal-mamial on my loax-red lips.
3 scion Tit. v. i. 9 Brave shp, sprung from the great
Andronicus.
slip vb. :
1 let slip, allow (dogs) to go from the 'slips' or
leash Cor. i. vi. 39 Even like afawni)ig greyhound
ni the leash. To let him s. at ivill, Cses. iii. i. 273
let s. the dogs of war ; absol. 1H4 I. iii. 279 Before
the game's afoot thou still lett'st slip.
2 = let slip Shr. v. ii. 52 Lucentio slipp'd me, like
his greyhound ; to let go free Cym. iv. iii. 22.
slipper: slippery 0th. ii. i. 247 a s. and subtle
knaic (Fi ; Ffzs slippery).
slippery : inconstant, tickle Wint. i. ii. 273 My
Wife is s., Troil. iii. iii. 85, Cor. rv. iv. 12 0 world!
Thy slippery turns.
slipshod : iu ' slip-shoes ' or slipper.s Lr. i. v. 12.
sliver sb.: small branch Ham. iv. vii. 174.
sliver vb.: to tear off (a branch) Mac. iv. i. 28 slips
of yew S-'d in the moon's eclipse, Lr. iv. ii. 34 She
that herself Hill slirer . . . From her material sap.
slobtoery : slopjiy H5 iii. v. 13 a s. and a dirty farm.
slop(s: loose breeches Ado in. ii. 30, 2H4 i. ii. 33,
Rom. II. iv. 49 your French slop.
slovenly : (?) foul 1H4 i. iii. 44 a .?.... corse.
slovenry : slovenliness H5 iv. iii. 114.
Blow: heavy Gent. rv. ii. 00 a s. heart ; dull, sober,
serious LLL. iv. iii. 324 s. arts, R3 1, ii. 117 « slower
method.
slubber (twice in S.; 1 cf. beslubber)
1 to sully 0th. T. iii. 227 to s. the gloss . . . [viii. .39.
2 to do in a .slovenly manner, hurry over Mer. V. ii.
slug-a-bed: sluggard Rom.iv. v. 2.
slumber : = SLEEP 1, AU'sW. in. vi. 77, Per. i. iv. 16.
sluttish: morally unclean, unchaste Troil. iv. v.
62 ; cf. Tim. iv. iii. 135.
sly: stealthy R2 i. iii. 150 The sly slow hours ; see
FLY-si.ow. *\l Chapman has ' sly hours '.
small (1 cf. the oldest meaning of ' great ', = thick,
coarse)
1 thin, fine, slender Gent. ii. iii. 23 as small as a
wand. Ado iv. i. 252 The s-est twine, LLL. v. ii. 259,
John IV. iii. 127, Rom. i. iv. 62 the s-est spider's web,
Per. IV. Gower 22 fingers, long, s.; (of powder) fino
Tit. v. ii. 199 ; (of rain) not heavy or violent R2
II. i. 35 Small showers.
2 (of a sound) thin, shrill, piping Tw.\. i. iv. 32,
Cor. III. ii. 114. [iv. i. 78.
3 (of time) short AYL. iv. iii. 153, H5 ii. iv. 145, R3
4 absol. uses :— tliin part of the leg below the calf
LLL. V. ii. 643 ; little LLL. i. i. 80 >S'. have continual
ploilders ever won; — m i/ie «-«(!, theslightest degree
Meas. IV. ii. 178 ;— 6m s. and s., little by little R2
III. ii. 198.
5 adv. (i) in a ' small ' voice, shrilly Wiv. i. i. 49
speaks s. like a woman, MND. I. ii. 53 ; (ii) little
Lucr. 1273 it small avails my mood.
smart : painful 2H0 iii. ii. 325, Ham. iii. i. 50.
smatch: smack, taste Cajs. v. v. 40.
smatter: to chatter Rom. in. v. 172 *. wdh your
gossips, go.
smear : to besmiixh, befoul, sully Ado iv. i. 135 s-cd
thus, and mir'd with infamy ((I smirched), 1H6 I v.
vii. 3 Triumphant death, s-'d with captivity, 3H0 v.
ii. 23 my glory s-'d in dust eind blood, Lucr. 945 s.
with dust their . . . towers.
smell: to have or emit a smell of Tp. iv. i. 190 I do
smell all horse-piss, Gent. iv. iv. 22 all the chamber
smelt him, Wiv. iii. ii. 72 he s-s April and May,
Meas. III. ii. 198 she smelt brown bread and garlic.
smile :
1 to sneer or mock at Lr. ii. ii. 87 Smile you, my
speeches (Ff Qq smoile, sj)10^^«); similarly s. at Troil.
V. X. 7. [face into wrinkles.
2 LLL. V. ii. 466 s-s his cheek in years— X-Axv^ha his
smilet : little smile Lr. iv. iii. 21.
smock : ' a Linnen innermost Garment worn by
Women ' (Bailey) ; used typically for ' a woman '
AU'sW. II. i. 30, Rom. ii. iv. 112 a shirt and as.
( = a man and a woman).
smoke sb. :
1 vapour, mist 1H6 ii. ii. 27 .v. and dusky vapours of
the night, Mac. I. v. 52 the dunnest s. of hell, Sonn.
xxxiv. 4.
2 fig. applied to a 'mist' of words, mere talk (usu.
ill contexts with literal phraseology) LLL. in. i.
66, John II. i. 229, Tim. in. vi. 100, iv. iii. 143, Lucr.
1027 This helpless smoke of words i,ci. 1042-3).
smoke vb. (2cf. ' to Smoke or Smell a Design ', Diet,
of Canting Crew)
1 to fumigate Ado i. iii. 61, Cym. v. v. 399.
2 to unearth (a fox) by fire ; fig. to find (a person)
out All'sW. III. vi. 110, IV. i. 30. [ii. i. L39.
3 s. a person's skin-coat, give him a drubbing John
4 to have a ' warm ' time of it Tit. iv. ii. 112 some of
you shall smoke for if.
Smolkinf : see Smulkin.
smooth adj. :
1 mild, bland, ' oily ' AYL. ii. vii. 96 s. civdity, 2H6
III. i. 05 s. Puke Humphrey,Tim. in. vi. 105 smiting,
smooth, detested parasites.
2 free from inequalities or asperities, pleasant 1H4
I. i. 66 s. and welcome news, 2H4 Ind. 40 s. comforts.
Ant. I. iii. 100 smooth siiccess.
smooth vb. :
1 to gloss over R2 i. iii. 240 To s. his fault, 3H0 in.
i. 48 smooths the wrong.
2 to flatter, humour (trans, and intr.) 2H6 ii. i. 22
That s-'st it so, R3 i. iii. 48 s., deceive and cog. Tit,
V. ii. 140, Lr. ii. ii. 80 smooth every passion.
SMOOTHING —
202
— SOZ.DIER
smoothing : flattering 2H;6 i. i. 157, Lucr. 892.
smooth-pate : smooth-headed fellow 2H-t i. ii. 42
(Q amoothij-paUs).
smote: pa.pple. of 'smite' Cor. iil i. 317.
sniother: suffocating smoke AYL. i. ii. 304 /roiif
the smoke inio the smother.
smug' : neat, spruce, trim Mer.V. iii. i. 51 to come
so s. upon the mart, 1H4 in. i. 103 the s. and silver
Trent, Lr. iv. vi. 203 like a smuy bridegroom (Ff).
Sm.iilkin : name of a fiend from Harsnet (cf.
Flibbertigibbet), where it appears as Smolkinf
(restored by Theobald) Lr. iii. iv. 144 (mod. edd.
also Smidkingf, in coi-rection of Qq snulbtir/).
snake: appliedcontemptuously toa person AYL. iv.
iii. 72 a tume smike.
snatch :
1 sudden or swift catch Tit. ii. i. 95.
2 smart repartee Meas. iv. ii. 6* leave me your s-es.
3 sudden check in speech C>nn. iv. ii. 105*.
snatchex : freebooter H5 i. ii. 143 conrsinj s-s (Qq
sneakers).
sneak-cup: (?) one who sliiiks his liquor 1H4 iii.
iii. 98.
sneap sb. : rebuke, snub 2H4 ii. i. 137.
sneap vb. (only in pples.) : to nip or pinch with
cold LLL. I. i. 100 s-inr/ frost, Wint. i. ii. 13 s-inr/
iiinds, Lucr. 333 sneaped birds.
sneck up: go hang! Tw.N. ii. iii. 103. ^ Other
Eliz. forms are ' snick up ', ' sneik up'.
snipe : fool 0th. i. iii. 3i)l. ^ Cf. woodcock.
snipt-taffeta : wearing slashed garments of taffeta
All'sW. IV. V. 2.
snort: to snore 1H4 ii. iv. 586 [578] fast asleep . . .
and s-iny like a horse, 0th. i. i. 90 Awake the s-iwj
citizens. ^ An Eliz. sense.
snnif : huff, resentment, taking offence Lr. iii. i.
26 i^-s and packings of the diikes : plir. in s. 1H4 i.
iii. 41 Who thenirithanf/rij . . . Took it in s.\ (witli
play on the word meaning ' burning candle-wick')
LLL. V. ii. 22 You'll mar the light by taking it in s.,
MXD. V. i. 256.
SO (the following are obs. or arch, meanings ; see
also EVEX, HOW, WHY -, 3 and 5 occur only once)
1 in ellipt. constr., qualifying an adj.=be he or it
never so . . ., however . . . Meas. in. ii. 202 What
king so strong Can . . .?, Shr. v. ii. 145 none so
dry . , , Will deign to sip. Ham. iv. vii. 143 no cata-
plasm so rare . . . can save the thing from death.
2 so many, the same number (of) All'sW. iv. iii. 185
Spuria, a hundred and Jifty ; Sebastian, so many,
Wint. V. iii. 51.
3 =so so (ii) LLL. i. i. 225 he is, in telling true, bnt so.
4 provided that Ado ii. i. 92 will you walk about
icith your frie ml ?—So you walk softly, Shr. i. ii. 82
nothing comes amiss, so money comes irithal, R3 i.
ii. 125 To nnilertakethe death of all the imrld, So
might I hie one hour in your sweet bosom, Sonn.
cxxxiv. 3 ; also so as R2 v. vi. 27, so that All'sW.
II. iv. 21, if so Ham. iv. vii. 00 [FS If so. Qq so you
w'lll not) ; often in so {it) please =if it please.
5 even though Ant. ii. v. 94.
6 expressing satisfaction or acquiescence = good !
very well ! Tp. i. ii.24 So : Lie there, my art, Wiv.
III. iv. 67 if it he my luck, so, Meas. ii. i. 211, H8
V. ii. 6 Yottr Grace must wait till you be cedl'dfor.
— So, Otli. V. i. 82 Lend me a garter. So.
7 so so (i) good ! good ! Gent. ii. iii. 26, H8 i. i. 219
So, so ; These are the limbs o' the plot : iio more, I
hope. Ant. iv. iv. 28 ; (ii) not very good, middling
AITL. III. V. 110 Bis leg is but so so; and yd 'tis
well ; as adv. indifferently, not vervmuclior well
Gent. I. ii. 13, AYL. v. i. 29, Tim." v. i. 87 ; so ,vo
so, that will do very well, goo 1 ! good ! Tp. V. i.
96, Lr. III. vi. 90,91.
8 Ma«=suchasSonn. Iii. 1 So am I as the rich, cxxxi.
1 So as thou art ; Wint. v. i. 172 So sacred as it is
( = sacred though it is).
soaking : absorbent Wint. i. ii. 224 conceit is s.
sotoer (the sense ' abstinent ' is not S.)
1 calm Tim. in. v. 21 sober and unnoted passion,
Caes. IV. ii. 40 this s. form of yours ; so sober-
blooded 2H4 IV. iii. 94.
2 serious Ado i. i. 177 «. judgement, AYL. v. ii. 77
Speakest thou in sober meanings?.
3 grave, dignified, (of women) modest, demure
Err. III. i. 90 Her s. virtue, Mer. V. ii. v. 36
JfJy s. house, Shr. l. ii. 134 disgiiis'd in s. robes.
Ham. HI. iv. 189, Ant. v. ii. 54 the s. eye Of dull
Octavia, Lucr. 1403 Making sucli s. action with his
heind ; so sober-suited Kom. iii. ii. 11, sober-seal
Lucr. 1542.
soberly : with dignity Ant. i. v. 48.
sohriety : modesty Shr. i. i. 71 JJaids' . . . sobriety.
sociable : sympathetic Tp. v. i. 63.
society : partnership LLL. iv. iii. 53 ; companion-
ship Wiv. III. iv. 8 my wild societies.
sod: lit. boiled ; (hence) scalded with tears Lucr.
1592 ; twice sod simplicity, the essence of stupid-
ity LLL. IV. ii. 23 ; cf. sodden-witted Troil. ii. i. 47.
sodden : boiled H5 ill. v. 18 s. water ; with allusion
to the bagnio Troil. lii. i. 45, Per. TV. ii. 21.
SO-forth : used like et cetera (see open) to veil im-
propriety Wint. I. ii. 218.
soft adj.: gentle, mild H5 iii. iii. 48 thy soft mercy.
Cor. III. ii. 82, 0th. i. iii. 82 the soft phrase of
pence.
soft adv. (1 elliptical for ' go soft ')
1 stay!, stop! (freq.) Tp. i. ii. 446 Soft, sir. Ant. ii.
ii. 87 Soft, Casar ! — No, Lepidus, let him speak ;
with a pron. soft you Ado v. i. 212, Ham. iii. i.
88 ; Soft and fair Ado v. iv. 72.
2 gently 2H4 v. ii. 97 soft silencing your son.
softly :
1 gently Shr. i. ii. 241 S., my masters .', Tw.N. ii. v.
I34, Wint. IV. ii. [iii]. 81.
2 slowly AYL. in. ii. 350 though he go as s. as foot can
fall, Cxs. v. i. 16 lead your battle softly on.
softly-sprighted : (?) gentle Wiv. i. iv. 25.
soho : hunting cry used when a hare was descried
in her form Gent. in. i. 189, Rom. ii. iv. 139 So-
ho !— Whett hast thou found l—Xo hare, sir.
soil 1 : blemish Ado in. ii. 5 as great a soil in the new
gloss of your marriage, Troil. iv. i. 56 (Q soyle : Ff
soilure). Ham. i. iv. 20, Ant. i. iv. 24 yet must
Antony Xo way excuse his soilsf {Fi foyl(e)s : see
FOIL si).'). ^ Etymologically unconnected with
so(7 = earth; related to 'sully.'
soil^: solution Sonn. Ixix. 14 (Q solye, misprint
for soyle, mod. edd. solvef). '^ From the vb.
' soil ' (freq. in 16th cent.) = to solve, aphetic form
of ' assoil ', ultimately from L. 'absolvere.'
soiled [connected with Fr. ' sour = sated] : high-
fed Lr. IV. vi. 125 the s. horse. ^ Still dial. ; 'To
soil a horse is to give him green meat in the
stable ' (Evans' Leicestershire Words, 1881).
soilure: defilement Troil. iv. i. 56 (Ff).
Sol : the sun, viewed astrological! v Troil. i. iii. 89.
sola : hallo ! LLL. iv. i. 153, Mer.V. v. i. 39.
solace (the sb. often in Eliz. use = sport, diversion)
1 to provide sport or amusement for LLL. iv. iii.
377 uilh .«o»ic . . . pastime solace them.
2 to be happy, delight (/»i) E3 ii. iii. 30, Rom. iv. v.
47, Cyni. i. vi. 86.
solder (old edd. soader, sodder) : to close up, unite
Tim. IV. iii. 390, Ant. in. iv. 32.
soldier (3 syll. in Cor. i. i. 122) : s. to, enlisted in
the service of, devoted to Cym. in. iv. 186 this
attempt I'm s. to, Per. iv. i. 8 >■. to thy purpose,
SOI.X:
203
-SORT
sole (obs. or archaic uses)
1 unique John rv. iii. 52 this [murder] so s., Sonn.
xxsvi. 7 love's s. effect, Phoen. 2 the s. Arabian tree ;
quasi-adv. Troil. i. iii. 244 that praise, sole pure.
2 mere Mac. iv. iii. 12 whose sole name.
solely :
1 adv. absolutely, entirely AU'sW. i. i. 113 solely a
coward, Mac. I. v. 71 s. sotereiyn swaij ; — not solely,
not only Mer.V. ii. i. 13.
2 (passing intoadj.)aloneWint. ii. iii.l7£cai'e mes.,
H5 II. Clior. 4 honour's ihour/ht Reigns s. in the breast
of every man ; sole Shr. il. i. 118 Left solely heir.
soleiun :
1 ceremonious, formal All'sW. iv. iii. 90 taken a s.
leave ; belonging to a celebration or festivity Shr.
III. ii. 104 our s. fcsiivii!. Tit. ii. i. 112 a s. hunting
ts in hand, Mac. iir. i. 14 a solemn supper.
2 ' sad, melancholy '(Schmidt) LLL.v.ii.ll8paM/o«'s
solemn tears, Ven. 1057 This solemn sympathy.
solemnity: celebration of nuptials MND. i. i. 11,
John II. i. 555, Rom. iv. v. 61 ; festivity Gent. v.
iv. 161 triumphs, mirth, and rare s., MND. iv. i.
140, Rom. I. V. 61.
sol-fa : to sing from a score Shr. i. ii. 17 Fit try how
you can sol-fa and sing it (jocular). ^ CJf. ' Solfa're ',
' Solfeggia're ', to Sol-fa, or sing prick-song (Tor-
riano, 1659).
solicit sb. : solicitation Cym. n. iii. 52.
solicit vb.: to move, urge R2 i. ii. 2, 1H6 v. iii. 189
Solicit Henry with her wondrous praise. Ham. v. ii.
372. TI Morefreq. is the sense of 'petition, en-
treat '.
solicitation : illicit courtship 0th. rv. ii. 202.
soliciting': incitement, prompting Mac. i. iii. 130.
solidare (S.) : small coin Tim. iii. i. 47.
Solon : famous Athenian lawgiver (about 640-559
B.C.), one of the ' Seven Wise Men ', to whom is
attributed the saying ' Call no man happy till he
is dead ' Tit. i. i. 177 Solon's happiness.
solve t : see soil -. H Not a S. word.
some (obsolete uses are the foil. ; 2 the corresponding
use with pi. nouns is freq.) [122.
1 some certain = ' a, certain ' R3 I. iv. 125, Caes. i. iii.
2 about a(n) LLL. v. ii. 90 s. half an hour, R3 lu. i.
64 some day or two, Lr. i. i. 20 some year elder.
3 some one R2 iv. i. 268 Go s. of you and fetch a
looking-glass, Lr. III. i. 37.
some deal (once) : somewhat Tit. m. i. 244 To weep
with them that weep doth ease some deal.
some other where: somewhere else Err. ii. i.
30, Rom. T. i. 204.
something' : somewhat, to some extent Tp. m. i.
68 / prattle S. too wildly, 2H4 I. ii. 215 s. a ( = a
somewhat) round belly, Ham. i. iii. 121 Be s. (Ff
soinenhat) scanter of your maiden presence; at
some distance Mac. in. i. 132 s. from the palace.
sometime and sometimes are both used in the
senses (1) from time to time, at times. (2) on one
occasion, once, (3) formerly ; also as adj. = former,
quondam.
son: freq. = son-in-law Wiv. ra. iv. 79, Shr. v. ii. 13.
sonance : sound H5 iv. ii. 35 The tucket sonance.
song-men: three-man s. Wint. iv. ii. [iii]. 45 (see
THREE-MAN-SONG-MEN).
sonnet : always of a poem written in praise of a
person, esp. a mistress Ado v. ii. 4, H5 in. vii.
42, 45.
sonneting: sonnet-writing LLL. iv. iii. 158.
sonties : by God's s., app. a rustic oath Mer.V. ii.
ii. 47. ^ Diminutive of an old form 'sont' (cf.
Scottish 'saunt') of 'saint '; Skelton, about 1525,
has 'seynty '.
soon : s. at night (common Eliz.), towards evening
Wiv, I. iv. 8, 0th. III. iv, 199 ; similarly Err. i. ii.
26 Soon at five o'clock, iii. ii. 181 soon at supper-
time, R3 IV. iii. 31 soonat after supper (Yisoonc, and).
soonest : quickest Ant. in. iv. 27 your s. haste.
soopstake : see swoopsrAKE.
sooth (2 associated with soothe)
1 truth Mac. i. ii. 36 If I say s. ; asseverative phr.
in (jiood) s., in tiiith, truly, indeed (freq.) ; also
without ' in ' MND. in. ii. 265 Yes, sooth \ ii. ii. 129
Good troth, you do me wrong, good sooth, yon do ;
once very sooth Wint. I. ii. 17.
2 flattery, cajoling R2 III. iii. 136 H'orrfi'O/i'. ; personi-
iied Per. i. ii. 44 When Signior Sooth here does pro-
claim a peace. He flatters you.
soothe (cf. Bailey's Diet, 'to assent to, to flatter, or
encourage ')
1 to humour Err. rv. iv. 81 to s. him in these con-
traries, 3H6 III. iii. 175 to s. your forgery, R3 i. iii.
298 s. the devil that I warn thee from, Lr. iii. iv.
181.
2 to flatter (trans, and intr.) John in. i. 121 thou . . .
s-'st up greatness. Cor. n. ii. 78 You s-'d not, there-
fore hurt not ; in vbl. sb. and ppl. adj. R3 i. ii.
169 (Ff Qq 7 8 smoothing). Cor. i. ix. 44, Pilgr. i. 11,
soother : flatterer 1H4 rv. i. 7.
sop: cake or wafer put in a prepared drink to
float on the top Shr. in. ii. 176, 179 ; in allu-
sive phr. make a sop o/R3 I. iv. 163 throw him into
the malmsey butt . . . — make a sop of him, Troil. l.
iii. 113 ; see also moonshine.
sophister (once) : ' a cunning, orcauilling disputer'
(Cotgr.) 2H6 V. i. 191 A subtle traitor needs no s.
sophisticated : adulterated Lr. in. iv. 109.
Sophy : Shah of Persia Mer.V. ii. i. 25, Tw.N. u.
V. 199.
sore sb. : buck in its 4tli year LLL. rv. ii. 59.
sore: adj. grievous Tp. in. i. 11 a s. injunction, R3
I. iv. 42 this s. agony, Lr. in. v. 24 though the con-
flict be s. ; — adv. grievously, heavily Wint. v. iii.
49 your sorrow was too s. laid on, Troil. v. v. 14 S,
hurt, Ven. 702 sore sick.
sorel : buck in its 3rd year LLL. iv. ii. 60.
sorely : = sore adv. Wint, v. i. 18, H8 iv. ii. 14, Mac.
V. i. 59.
sorro-w : I am ,?. = I am sorry Cym. v. v. 298 (Fi ;
later Ffsor[r)y). T| Modelled on the phr. I am woe
(see WOE).
sorrowed : sorrowful Tim. v. i. 154.
sorrow-wreathen : folded in grief Tit. in. ii. 4.
sorry (by far the commonest sense is 'full of regret ')
1 distressing, painful 0th. iii. iv. 52 a salt and s.
rheum offends me.
2 full of sorrow, sorrowful, sad Wint. ii. i. 122 /
never ivish'd to see you s., H8 ll. iv. 2i glad or s.,
Mac. m. ii. 9 sorriest fancies, Sonn. xix. 5.
3 exciting sorrow or sadness, woeful, wretched Err.
V. i. 121 death and s. execution, 2H6 i. iv. 78 A s.
breakfast, Mac. il. ii. 22 This is a sorry sight.
sort sb.' (6 is the commonest sense)
1 kind, species (most fi'eq. all s-s, many s-s) ; phr. of
s-s, of variouskindsHS l.ii. 190 They have a king wnd
officers of sorts (Qq of sort, which may belong to
sense 2).
2 rank, degree H5 rv. vii. US a gentleman of greats.,
IV. viii. 80 ;)?-(SO«t)s of goods. ; pregnantly = high
rank Meas. rv. iv. 19 men of s. and suit, Ado i. i.
1 few of any sort, and none of name.
3 class of people AYL. i. i. 176 of all s-s . . . beloved,
1H6 II. V. 123//i« m«nji«>-s.,3H6v.v. Slthecommon
s.. Tit. I. i. 230 With . . . applause of every s., Patri-
cians and plebeians, Cass. I. i. 61.
4 set, company, 'crew' MND. in. ii. IS that barren
s., R2 IV. i. 246 a s. of traitors, R3 v. iii. 317.
5 in s., assembled togethei', in company MND. in.
ii. 21 choughs, many m sort.
SOB* —
204
- SPEAK
6 way, manner Wiv. ii. ii. 76 in nni/ such sort , . .
but in the nay of homsty, Mer.V. i. ii. Ill hy some
o//i«rs.,3H6iv. ii. Winsilents. ( = silently), Cor. i.
iii. 2 express yourself hi a more comfortables., Ciies.
1. ii. 2oi lie . , . smiles in such n s. As if lie mock'd
himself; phr. m some s. (freq.) Wiv. i. i. 106; ina
s. Tp. II. i. 109 ; ins., afteralasliionCa?s. ll. 1.283.
7 state, condition Tp. iv. i. 146 Voii elo look . . .in a
mov'd s. ; outwarcT style, array H5 v. Clior. 25 The
mnijor and all his brethren in best .sort.
sort sb=. : lot Troil. i. iii. 376 draw The sort.
sort vb. (tlie sense ' to separate ' is represented only
in H5 IV. vii. 78 ; 3 intr. and 5 tend to blend)
1 to put in tlie same class, associate with Ham. n.
ii. 279 I Kill not s. you with the rest of niysermiits ;
also intr. to consort n-ith Yen. 689 [the hare] some-
time sorteth wdli a herd of deer.
2 to clioose, select, (passing into) find out, contrive
Gent. III. ii. 92 I'o s. some e/entlemen well skill'd in
music, 3H6 v. vi. 85 I will s. a pitchy day for thee,
Rom. III. V. 110 who . . Hath s-d out a sudden day
of joy, Liicr. 89'J sort an hour great strifes to end.
3 to fit, adapt, make to agree with Gent. r. iii. 63
3Jy will is somethinrj s-ed with his ii'ish, 2H6 ii. iv.
68 s. thy heart to patience, Lucr. 1221 ; also intr.
to fit, suit, be in accordance with MND. v. i. 55
some satire . . . Xot sorting with a nuptial ceremony,
H5 IV. i. 63, Troil. i. i. Ill this icomun's emswer
sorts, Ham. I. i. 109'.
4 (of God) to dispose, ordain Mer.V. v. i. 132, R3 ii.
iii. 36 // God sort it so.
5 to fall out, turn out MND. iii. ii. 352 so/ar am I
f/lad it so did s., 2H6 i. ii. 107 S. how it will; i)assive
Shr. IV. iii. 43 is sorted to no proof (see proof 3).
Bortance: liold sortance with, suit 2H4 iv. i. 11.
sorted : associated LLL. i. i. 258 ; ill s., in bad com-
pany 2H4 II. iv. 161.
sot : fool Tp. III. ii. 104, Lr. iv. ii. 8.
sottish: stupid Ant. iv. xiii. [xv.] 79 Patience is s.
soud': interj. of doubtful import Shr. iv. i. 145.
soul (freq. in tlie sense 'creature, being, person')
1 used periplirastically Wiv. ii. ii. 258 the folly of
my s. ( = my folly), Meas. v. i. 6 our s. ( = we). Ado
IV. i. 44, Ham. iii. ii. 68 my dear s., 0th. i. iii. 268
your good souls:
2 quintessence Meas. in. i. 185 grace, being the s. of
your complexion , MND. ll. i. i82 the s. of lore, H5
IV. i. 265 thii s. of adoration ( = ' the real nature or
essence of the adoration paid to tliee '), Tim. i. ii.
218, Ham. li. ii. 90 brevity is tlie soul of wit.
soul- fearing : terrifying the soul John ii. i. 383.
sound sb. : see swoon.
sound adj. :
1 lionest, loyal H8 in. ii. 275, v. iii. 81.
2 (of voice) clear Tw.N. i. iv. 33.
sound adv.: soundly Wiv. iv. \\.(}i pinch him sound.
sound vb.: to utter, pronounce, proclaim Shr. ii. i.
193 Hearing . . . thy beauty sounded, R2 in. iv. 7t
sound tliis unpleasing neirs, Troil. iv. ii. 116 break
my heart With sounding Troilus, Ant. ii. ii. 38 to
sound your name.
soundless' : witliout sound Ctes. v. i. 36.
soundless^: unfathomable Sonn. Ixxx. 10.
[soundpost: part of a violin ; used as a musician's
name in Rom. iv. v. 140.]
sour adj.: bitter, harsh LhL. i. i. 311 the s. cup of
prosperity, R2 iv. i. 241 iiig s. cross, 2H6 in. ii. .301
sour affliction, Tim. v. i. 225 .sour words.
BOlirvb. : sour one's cheek, look sullen or crabbed
R2 II. i. 170, Yen. 185 ; cf. sour-eyed Tp. IV. i. 20.
sour-fac'd : of melancholy aspect Lucr. 1334.
sourly: cruelly Sonn. xxxv. 14. [v. ii. 150.
souse : (of a bird of prey) to swoop down upon Jolin
soused: pickled 1H4 iv. ii. 13 « soused gurnd.
South Sea: the Pacific, used allusively in AYL.
III. ii. 2u8* a S. of discovery ( = a voyage of dis-
covery in an unknown region).
southward: southern Win't. iv. iii. [iv.] 823.
sovereign : of supreme or paramount power or ex-
cellence LLL. n. i. 44 ,4 man of s. parts, 1H4 in. ii.
161 charge and s. trust herein, Lr. iv. iii. 44 A s.
shame. Ant. v. i. 41 tears as s. as the blood of hearts ;
of medicines 1H4 i. iiL 57 the s-'st thing . , . H'd.s
parmaceti for an inward bruise. Cor. ll. i. 129 the
most s. prescription m Geden, Yen. 28; fig. Gent.
I. ii. 113.
sovereignly: supremely Wint. i. ii. 323.
sovereignty: supreme excellence Gent. ii. vi. 15,
LLL. IV. iii. 234 Of all complexions the cull'ds.; of
medicines All'sW i. iii. 232. ^ In Lucr. 69 used
with allusion to lieraklic phraseology ; cf. 'sove-
reignty of the partitions (Guillim).
sowl, old edd. sole : to pull by the ears Cor. iv. v.
214 He'll . . . s. the porter of Home gates by the ears.
Sowter : properly, cobbler ; name given to a poor
hound in contempt Tw.N. ii. v. 1.37.
space: time, period of time AYL. iv. iii. 153 after
some small s., All'sW. ll. iii. 188 the soleuni feast
Shall more attend upon the coming speice (app. =
shall be deferred a while), rv. i. 93, Lr. v. iii. 54
at further space ( = later). Ant. u. i. 31.
span-counter: a boys' game, in wliich 'one
throws a counter, or piece of money, winch the
otlier wins, if he can tlirow another' so as to hit
it, or lie within a span of it' (Nares) 2H6 iv. ii.
170 in whose time boys ivent to s. for French cronns.
spaniel'dt (Hanmer) : followed subserviently (like
a spaniel) Ant. iv. x. 34 [xii. 21] The hearts That
spaniel'd me at heels (old edd. paiinelkd).
Spanish pouch : applied in contempt to a vintner
1H4II. iv. 80.
spann'd: limited H8 i. i. 223 My life isspamid.
spare (the mod. uses are freq.)
1 *•. for no . . ., s. not for . . ., be liberal in respect
of Ado III. V. 66, 1H6 v. iv. 56, Rom. iv. iv. 6.
2 to forbear Tp. ii. i. 26 / prithee, s.. Ado ii. ii. 23
s. not to tell him, R3 i. iii. 114 Tell him, and s. not.
Cor. I. i. 262 ; ell ipt. -forbear to give 2H4 iii. ii.
291 s. we the great ones ; app. = forbear to offend
Meas. II. iii. 33 spare heaven. [haunts.
3 to avoid MND. ii. i.li2 shun me, and I n'lll s. your
sparingly: occurs twice, only in context with
/,((• ofUr, I. ii. 239, R3 in. v. 92.
Sparta: hejunds of S., celebrated in antiquity for
their swiftness and keenness oi scent, in modern
writers (luuttd for their fierceness MND. iv. i. 1:^0,
132 ; so Spartan MND. iv. i. 125, 0th. v. ii. 360.
spavin(s: disease of horses causing swelling of tlie
joints Shr. in. ii. 55, H8 i. iii. 12.
spayt : to castrate Meas. ii. i. 249 (Ff splay).
speak (pa.t. spake and spoke, pa.pple. spoke, -en)
1 (euphemisticall}') to exchange blows, fight Cor. I.
iv. 4, Ant. II. ii. 170, vi. 25.
2 to call for action Cor. in. ii. 41 when extremities
s.. Ham. v. ii. 209 )/ hisfitne.ss s-s. Ant. i. iv. 29,
II. ii. 102 ; also trans, to call upon, summon to
action Tp. il. i. 215 [207]* occasion speaks thee.
3 to proclaim (a person to be so-and-so) H8 ii. iv.
138 //(// paiits . . . could sjieak thee out, — The queen
of earthly ijueens, Mac. iv. iii. 159 blessings . . .
That speak him full of grace.
4 to bear witness in favour of (a person), give testi-
mony to H8 11. iv. 164, III. i. 124 let me s. nnjself,
Cor. II. ii. 108 (see home adv. 2).
5 s. oneself o/= bespeak Mer.Y. n. iv. 5 We have not
spoke us yet of torch-bearers.
6 phr. with object equivalent to an adverbial ex-
pression Uelining the manner of speaking Wiv.
SPEAK FAB -
205
- SPIRIT
III. ii. 72 (see holiday 1), Atlo ii. i. 257 Site s-s
poniards, AYL. lii. ii. 227 s., sad brow and (rue
maid, H5 v. ii. 155 / s. to Hue plain soldier, Otli.
II. iii. 283 speak parrot ( = talk nonsense).
speak far, (l) go great lengths in what one says
Lr. v. iii. 64, Cyui. v. v. 310 ; (2) say niiicli of (a
person) H8 iv. li. 32, Cyrn. i. i. 24 ; speak for,
call for, demand Lr. l. iv. 269 The shame ilstlf
doth s. For instant remedy ; speak to, (1) tell (a
person something) Cjes. iv. iii. 280 iipeak to me
what thou art ; (2) pass, to have an intimation
(of something) H8 1. iii. 66 / was spoke to, with iSir
Henri/ Guildford, This night to be comptrollers ;
(3) to mai;e an appeal to Ant. i. ii. 194.
special: make s., indicate specially AllsW. ii. ii. 7.
specialty (in 1 Ff 31 read speciality)
1 .V. o/rn/e, 'partLculari'ightsof supremeauthority'
(J.) Ti-oil. I. iii. 78.
2 special contract under seal for tlie payment of
money LLL. 11. i. 164, Shr. 11. i. 127. [iv. v. 116.
speciously : dial, for ' specially ' AViv. iii. iv. 113,
spectacles : organs of sight 2H6 111. ii. 112, Cym.
I. vi. :i7.
spectatorship : in s., under the eyes of spectators
for. v. ii. 70 some death more tony m spectalorsliip.
speculation (1 concrete for abstract; cf. Latin
' speculatio ' = spying)
1 scout, watcher Lr. iii. i. 2i spies and s-s.
2 looking on 115 iv. ii. 31 idle spiculaiion.
3 power of seeing, sight Troil. in. iii. 109, Mac. 111.
iv. 95* Thou hast 110 s. in those eyes (some explain
'the intelligenceof which the eye is the medium',
Wright).
speculative: liaving the power of vision, seeing
0th. I. iii. 272 (see offic'd).
sped: dispatdied, 'done for' Mer.V. 11. ix. 72,
Shr. III. ii. 54 sped with spavins, v. ii. 186 We
three are married, but you two are sped, Rom. 111.
i. 96 I am hurt . . . I am sped.
speechless : without words Sonn. viii. 13 s. song.
speed sb. (1 cf. 0th. 11. i. 77 anticipates our thoughts A
se'nniyhl's speed)
1 had the speed of, outstripped Mac. i. v. 36.
2 fortune, 'hap' Shr. 11. i. 139 /(«/)/)(/&<;//((/, v., Wint.
III. ii. 146/«(r 0/ihe queen's s., Cym. in. v. 167.
3 in expressions invoking the assistance of a pa-
tron or protector Gent. in. i. 304 Saint Nicholas
be thy s., AYL. i. ii. 226 Heradcs be thy s., Rom.
V. iii. 121 ; similarly 1H4 in. i. 1S9 good manners
be your speed.
speed vb. (pa.pple. speeded twice Meas. iv. v. 10, 2114
IV. iii. 38; otherwise sped, q.v.)
1 to liave (a certain) success, fare (well or ill) Shr.
II. i. 277 s. amiss, John rv. ii. 141 Now I have sped,
Troil. ill. i. 157.
2 to turn out Cor. v. i. 62 Speed how it will.
3 to be siicce-isful Wiv. in. v. 69 sped you, sir?, R3
IV. i V. 359 .^1 n honest tale s-s best beinq plainly told,
Lr. I. ii. 19(/7/((j W/e>-A-.,Oth. iv.ii.l09 Howquickly
should you speed.
4 trans, to hasten Meas. iv. v. 10, All'sW. iii. iv. 37
speed her foot, H5 in. v. 36.
5 to be a person's 'speed' (see speed sb. 3) Wiv. iii.
iv. 12 heaven so s. me, Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 684 For-
tune s. us, Cfes. I. ii. 88 let the gods so s. me ; witli
subject omitted Lr. iv. vi. 213 Sir, speed you.
spekent : arcli. ihfin. of ' speak ' Per. 11. Gowcr 12
(iild edd. apip. misiiriiiliMl sjiokcn).
spell-stopp'd : siirlllx.und Tp. v. i. 61.
spell bnckwunl : to misconstrue Ado in. i. 01.
spend (see also spent below)
1 to give vent to, utter MND. iir. ii. 74 s. your
passion, 1H6 11. v. 38 s. my latter gasp. Cor. 11. i. 59
s. my malice, 0th. i, ii. 48 s. a word, Cym. 11. i. 6.
2 to part with freely, throw away, lose R2 i. i. 108
or this life Ishall] be spent, Mac. in. ii. 4 Nought's
had, all's .spent, 0th. 11. iii. 197 s. your rich opinion.
3 to consume, exhaust, waste Ado i. i. 281 [273] if
Cupid have not spent all his quiver, Shr. v. i. 71 my
son and my servant s. all, 3H6 i. iv. 21 s. her
strength.
spent :
1 consumed, eaten 2H4 in. ii. 1.30 Mouldy, it is time
you were spent, Rom. 11. iv. 143 stale . . . ere it be s.
2 exhausted Mac. i. ii. 8 two s. swimmers, Cym. 111.
vi. 62 spent with hunger.
3 passed, gone by R2 i. iii. 211 Six frozen winters .v.,
Lucr; 1589, Sonn. cvii. 14 When tyrants' crests and
tombs of brass are spent.
sperret "(Theobald): to shut Troil. Prol. 19 with
massy staples . . . S. up the sons of Troy (old edd.
Stirre). T] An old form of ' spar '.
sphere (2 usu. with allusion to sense 1, ii)
1 orbit of a planet MND. 11. i. 7 Swifter than the
mooniTs s., John v. vii. 74 you stars, that move in
your right spheres, 1H4 v. iv. 65, Ham. iv. vii. 15 ;
allusively All'sAV. i. i. 101, Ant. iv. xiii. [xv.] 10
0 sun! Mum the great s. thou mov'st in ; (i) with
lef. to the music supposed to be produced by tho
concentric 'spheres' of the Ptolemaic system
AYL. II. vii. 6 discord in the s-s, Tw.N. in. i. 122,
Ant. v. ii. 84 all the tuned s-s ; (ii) with ref. to stars
'starting' from their 'spheres' (see also sense 2)
MND. II. i. 153.
2 orbit of the eye Rom. 11. ii. 17 do entreat her eyes
To Iwinlde in their s-s. Ham. i. v. 17 Make thy two
eyes, like stars, start from their s-s. Ant. 11. vii. 16
2'o be called into a huge s., and not to be seen to move
in't, are the holes ivhere eyes should be . . ., Sonn.
cxix. 7 How have mine eyes out of their s-s been fitted.
3 planet, star Tim. i. i. 67 this s. ( = the earth),
Compl. 23.
sphered (1 see sphere 1)
1 placed in a ' sphere ' Troil. i. iii. 90.
2 rounded Troil. iv. v. 8 thy sphered bias cheek,
spherical : planetai-y Lr. i. ii. 138.
sphery (once) : star-like MND. 11. ii. OOsphery eyne.
spice : taste, tincture, sample Wint. ui. ii. 185, H8
II. iii. 26, Cor. iv. vii. 46.
spicery : nest of s., allusion to the nest of spices of
which the phoenix made a funeral pyre R3 iv. iv.
425. [I. iii. 22.
spig°ot : peg in the faucet of a barrel of liquor Wiv.
spill : to destroy Ham. rv. v. 20 It s-s itself in fear-
ing to be spilt, Lr. III. ii. 8 all qermens spill at'once.
spilth: spilling Tim. 11. ii. MO'spilth of wine.
spin: (?) to pour in roiic-likc streains H5 iv. ii. 10
That their hot hlnail iiiiii/ spin in English eijes,
spinner: long-kgged spider MND. 11. ii. 21, Rom.
I. iv. 60. [33.
spinster: one who spins Tw.N. 11. iv. 44, H8 1. ii.
spire : fig. summit Cor. i. ix. 24.
spirit (freq. to be scanned as onesyll., e.g. Wint.
II. iii. 185, R2 i. iii. 70 ; cf. spright)
1 vital energy, life John iv. i. 110 The breath of
heaven hath blown hiss. [viz. that of a burning
coal] out. Ant. iv. xiii. [xv.]58 Now my s. isyoiny,
Sonn. cxxix. 1 The expense of spirit.
2 anger Tim. in. v. 104 not to swell our spirit.
3 intellectual power 1H6 II. iv. \(t some shallow spirit
of judgement, Sonn. Ixxxvi. 5 Was it his s. . . .that
struck me dead ?.
4 .V. of sense, exquisite sense, essence of sensibility
Troil. I. i. 60 to whose soft seizure . . . s. of sense
[is] Hardas the palm of ploughman, HI. iii. 106 the
eye itself— That most pure spirit of sense.
5 uses of "the pi. (i) = sense 1, Tp. i. 'ii. 483 My spirits,
as in a dream, are all bound up, John 11. i. 232 your
SPIRITED —
king, whose labour'd s-s . . ., Cym. i. v. 41 ihe lock-
twj-np the s-s ; (ii) scntimeuts, feeliugs, Tim. v. iv.
74, Mac. I. V. 27 pour my s-s m tliine ear, Ham.
III. ii. l>3 thy rjood s-s ; (iii)miml, soul Muas. iv. ii.
I'i ileaieiiyneyour s-s comfort, John iii. i. 17 iity
vex' d s-s, 0th. iii. iv, 63 his s-s should hunt After
new fandes.
spirited: animated H5 in. v. 21 spirited with wuie.
spiritin^t : see sPEiGiinxc;.
spiritualty : clergy Ho i. ii. 132.
spirt : (ula plantj to sluot up Ha iii. v. 8.
spital, spital-house : hospital H5 u. i. 78, v. i. 80 ;
Tim. IV. iii. 39.
spite sb. (sense 'malice, ill-will' and phr. On) s. of
= notwithstanding, are Ireq.; ct. meanings ot
DESPITE, of which this is an aphetic torm)
1 outrage, injury MNU. in. ii. 420, Rom. iv. i. 31.
2 contemptuous defiance Rom. l. i. 84 OldJIontajue
. . . Jionrtshes his blade in spite of me, i. v. (30.
3 vexation, mortification. Err. iv. ii. 8 the more my
s., 1H4 III. i. 191, 0th. IV. i. 71; MND. iii. ii. 194
To fashion this false sport in s. of me, 1H6 ii. iv.
106 these my friends in s. of thee shall wear ; —(in) s.
of s., let the worst happen tliat may, notwith-
standing anything Jolni v. iv. 5, 3H6 ii. iii. 5.
4 vexatious or mortifying circumstance Gent. iv.
ii. 10 that chaw/c is Ihe s., Err. ir. ii. 193 0! s. of
s-s, 3H6 V. i. 18 0, unbids. .', Ham. i. v. 188 Ocurseds.
spite vb.: to vex, mortify Shr. iv. iii. 11.
splay : to castrate Mcas. ii. i. 249 (spayf).
spleen (4 (ii) cf. 'Untempeiate laughers have al-
waies great Splenes,' Holland's Plmy)
1 the organ itself viewed as the scat of emotions
and passions (cf. the senses below) Meas. ir. ii.
122 the anf/els . . . irho, with our s-s. Would all
themstlccs lauyh mortal, John il. i. 68 'With ladies
faces and fierce dragons' s-s (cf. R3 v. iii. 351),
Troil. II. ii. 128 the weakest s. (= the dullest spirit),
CiVS. IV. iii. 47 digest the rcnoin of your spleen.
2 fiery temper, fiery impetuosity or eagerness
John II. i. 448, v. vii. 50 violent motion And s. of
speed, 1H4 v. ii. 19 yovcrn'd by a s., 3H6 ii. i. 124,
Rom. in. i. 163 the unruly spleen Of Tybalt.
3 malice, hatred H8 ii. iv. 87 / have no s. against
you, Cor. iv. v. 97 the s. Of all the wider fiends,
Lr. I. iv. .306 If she must teem, Create her child of s.
4 impulse, fit (i) of anger or passion MND. i. i. 146
(Hg.) the light ning . . . That, in a s., unfolds both
heaven and earth, 0th. iv. i. 89; (ii) of laughter
LLL. III. i. 80, V. ii. 117 this s. ridiculous, Shr.
Ind. i. 137 the ovrr-merry .v., Tw.N. in. ii. 75,
Troil. I. iii. 178; (iii)of passionate desire Troil. ii.
ii. 196 our heaving sple(ns,Xcxi.Wl A thousand s-s.
5 (aprice, waj-wardness AYL. iv. i. 224 [217], lH4n.
iii. 8:!, iir. ii. 125.
spleenative: passionate, impetuous, hot-lieadeJ
Ham. v. i. 283 s. and rash (mud. edd. splenitivef,
spkn(tive-f) ; similarly spleenful 2H6 in. ii. 128
s. mutiny. Tit. ir. iii. 191, spleeny H8 in. ii. 100
.1 splccnij /.Hlluran.
splint : = iii-'xt R3 II. ii. 118 (Q2).
splinter: to mend as with splints, R3 11. ii. 118
The broken rancour of your . . . hearts, But lately
splinter d (QO, 0th. fi. iii. 332.
split (not found in pa.t.; pa.pple. in intr. sense
split, in trans, sense splitted)
1 to mutilate (a tongue, one's speech) Err. v. i. 310
so cracked and splitted my poor tongue. Ant. 11. vii.
131 mine own tongue Splits what it speaks.
2 make all s., cause great commotion MND. I. ii. 33 ;
(?) similarly Troil. i. iii. 177 / shall split all In
pleasure of my splcvn.
spoil sb. (sense ' booty, prey ' is freq.)
1 plundering, snuliation H5 in. iii. 25, 32, 2H0 iv.
206
- SPRIGKTI.Y, SPRITELiY
vii. 141 the s. of the city, C<es. v. iii. 7 his soldiers
fell to s. ; act of plundering, of rapine Mer.V. v. i.
Sofit for treasons, strataytms, and spods.
2 destruction, havoc, ruin AirsW.iv.iii.20 the s. of
her honour, 1H4 in. iii. 11 Company, viltanons
company, hath been the s. of me, 3H6 v.iv. SO, Cor.
II. i. 236, Lr. II. i. 102 the waste and s. of his
revenues (Qi only), Soun. c. 12 Time's spoils.
3 (in hunting) capture of the quarry and division
of rewards to the hounds, (hence) slaughter, mas-
sacre Cor. II. li. 125, Cses. in. i. 206.
spoil vb. (the commonest sense is 'destroy, ruin',
sometimes weakened to ' mai', damage ,1
1 to plunder 2H0 iv. iv. 53 To s. ihe city. Ant. in.
vi. 25 having . . . Sextiis I'ompeius spud d.
2 to carry ott as prey 3H6 11. li. 14.
spongfy U cf. Mer.X . i. li. 106)
i drunken ilac. i. vii. 71 His spongy officers.
2 wet, moist Tp. iv. i. 05 s. April, Cym. iv. ii. 349.
spoon : long s. Tp. 11. ii. 107 I aiU leave him ; I have
no long s.; cf. Err. iv. iii. 04 he must have a longs,
that must eat ivith the devil ; allusion to spoons
being given as christening presents iiSv. iii. 107
you'd spare your spoons, V. iv. 41.
sport sb. (very freq. in the gen. sense of ' diversion,
amusement ' ; more or less spec, applied to a
theatrical performance, e.g. MND. in. ii. 14; the
chase, e.g. Troil. iv. v. 238; war, fighting, e.g.
H5 iv.ii.23; games of chance, e.g. Mer.V.in.ii.217)
1 phr. make s., (i) provide entertainment or amuse-
ment Wiv. rv. iv. 14, LLL. iv. i. 102 one that makes
s. To the prince, AU'sW. iv. v. 69, 3H0 i. iv. 92 ;
(ii) amuse oneself, take one's pleasure, play Err.
n. ii. 30 let foolish gnats make s., All'sW. v. iii. 328,
R2 II. i. 85 misery makes s. to mock itself. Ham. ir.
ii. 544 [536] make malicious s.; (iii) jest, mock (cf.
sense 2) Wiv. iii. iii. 100 iihy then make s. at me.
2 jest, jesting Eir. in. ii. 27 'Tis holy s. to be a little
vain. Ado i. i. 185 in s., Mer.V. i. iii. 146 in a
merry s.; matter for jesting Ado 11. iii. 174 [163],
CJ^u. II. iv. 48.
sport vb.: intr. and refl. to make merry, divert
oneself Tp. iv. i. 74, 3H6 11. v. 34, Lucr. 907.
sportful: amorous Shr. 11. i. 256 [263] ; performed
in jest Troil. i. iii. 335 a sportful combat.
sportive : amorous R3 i. i. 14, Sonn. cxxi. 6.
spot (2 cf. spotted unth strawberries, embroidered
with a strawberry pattern 0th. in. iii. 436)
1 stain, disgrace AU'sW. v. iii. 208 With alt the s-s
of the woiid tax'd and debosh'd, John v. ii. 30 the
s. of this enforced cause. Ant. iv. x. 48 [xii. 35]
the greatest spot Of idl thy sex.
2 (app.) embroidered pattern Cor. i. iii. 57 What are
ijiiu sewinij here? A fine spot.
spotted: stained, polluted MXD. i. i. 110, R2 iii. ii.
134 spotted souls, Tim. v. iv. 35.
prag : Sir Hugh Evans' pronunciation of ' sprack '
=lively, alert Wiv. iv. i. 85.
sprat: fig. worthless creature AU'sW. in. vi. 112.
sprawl: to struggle in the deatli-ai;ony 3H6 v. v.
39 Sprawl'st thou l. Tit. v. i. 51.
spright, sprite : contraction of spirit, the first
spelling being employed for all meanings in old
edd., but in mod. edd. sprite is usu. given to that
of 'supernatural being,' 'ghost'; pi. =spirita
31a(\ IV. i. 127 iliecr ireup his s-s (Ff sprights).
sprig'hted, sprited: liaunted Cym. 11. iii. 144.
sprightful, spriteful: spirited John iv. ii. 177.
sprightfuUy : with great spirit R2 i. iii. 3.
sprig'hting', spriting': duties as a sprite Tp. i.
ii. 298 (Fi sprgting, Capell spiriting^).
sprightly, spriteiy (4 adv. also iii Cor. iv. v. 239
Ff sprightly walking, but most mod. edd., after
Pope, sprightly, wakingj-)
SPRING -
207
- STALE
1 lively, brisk AU'sW. ii. i. 78 s.Jire and motion,
lH4r ii.iv. 382, Tioil. ii. ii. 190, Ant. iv. xii. Lxiv.]52.
2 cheerful, iu good spirits Ant. iv. vii. 15 lUy n.
comfort, Cyni. m. vi. 74 Be sprightly.
3 in the form of spirits Cym. v. v. i2U s. shoiis Oj
mine own kuulnd.
4 as adv. iu a li\ ely manner, cheerfully Wint. iv.
iii. [iv.] 53 to iiUtrtuin them sjjriyhtly.
spring sb. (sense ' bound, leap ' occuis iu the \ b.,
but not in the sb.)
1 yoang shoot (of a plant) Lucr. 869 Unruly hlantn
watt on the tender),., 950 Xo dry the old oak's sap
and cherish s-s ; tig. (of love) Err. ill. ii. 3 (see
LovE-t>PBiiJGj, Veu. b5b ; (of down on the lip) Yen.
127.
2 source (fig.) R2 i, i. 97 all the treasons . . . Fetch
from false Mowbray their first head and .v., Mac. I.
ii. 27 from that s. ivhtnce comfort sceiii'd to come.
3 beginning, early part MND. ii. i. 82 the middle
summer's sprniy ( = the beginning of midsummer);
tlies. of day, the very early morning 2114 iv. iv. 35.
4 lig. of ' tlie first season of the jear ' 112 v. ii. 50
in this new s. of time, Lucr. 49 TIty hasty s. still
blasts ; esp. of love Gent. i. iii. 84 this s. of loic,
Ant. III. ii. 43 The Api'tl's in her eyes ; tt is loie's s. ,
Yen. 801, Sonn. cii. 5.
spring'e: snare for birds ^Vint. iv. ii. [iii.] 30,
Ham. I. iii. 115.
spring'halt : lameness in a horse H8 i. iii. 13.
springing : growing Yen. 417 springing things.
spur sb. (3 properly, side-roots)
1 plir. un the s., at full speed Caes. v. iii. 29 ; set s-s,
started off at full speed Wiv. iv. v. 70.
2 fig. incitement, incentive R2i. ii. 9 Finds brother-
hood IU thee no sharper spur?, Lr. li. i. ISpoiential
spurs To make thee seek tt (Qq ; Ff spirits).
3 pi. roots of a tree Tp. v. i. 47 by the s-s [have I]
pluck'd tip The pine and cedar, Cym. iv. ii. bSyritf
and patience rooted in him, both JUingle their s-s
together.
spur vb.: to hasten (trans.) Gent. v. i. 6, Cor. i. x.
33 that , . . I may spur on my journey.
spur-galled: chafed with the spur R2 v. v. 94
(Ff; Qcii2 Spurrde, galld).
spurn sb. : contemptuous stroke or thrust Tit. iii. i.
102 that which gives my soul the greatest s., Tim. i.
ii. 148 ; insult Ham. in. i. 73.
spurn vb.: to kick IHG i. iv. 52 s. in pieces posts of
adamant ; cf. Err. ll. i. 83 That like a football yon
do s. me thus ; s. at, oppose contemptuously John
iir. i. 142, Cks. n. i. 11.
squandered : scattered recklessly Mer.V. i. iii. 22.
squandering : ramlom AYL. ii. vii. 57 s. glances.
square -sb. J meta)ihor from carpentry; see also
SQUIER ; Lr. i. i. 76* the most precious s. of sense,
(a) feeling in its highest poifection, (b) the most
delicately sensitive part of my nature)
1 due proportion or bounds (in action) Ant. ir. iii.
6 I have not kept my square.
2 squadron H5 iv. ii. 28 s-s of battle. Ant. iii. ix.
[xi.] 40 squares of tear. [iv. iii. [iv.] 212.
3 embroidered bosom or yoke of a garment Wint.
square adj. :
1 square broics, high forehead Per. v. i. 109.
2 suitable, proper Tim. v. iv. 36.
3 con•espondingfaitllfullJ'^ Ant. ii. ii. 193 if report
hesqtiare to her.
square vb. (3 common Eliz.)
1 to adjust or shape (as to some pattern or model),
regulate, rule Meas. v. i. 483, All'sW. ii. i. 153 .s.
our guess by shows, AYint. iir. iii. 40, / will be s-'d
by tins, V. i. 52, Tit. iii. ii. 31 sqtutre my talk.
2 to take the measure of, estimate Troil. v. ii. 129 to
square the general sex By Crcssid's rule.
3 to quarrel MND. u. i. 30, Ant. in. xi. [xiii.] 41.
squarer : quaireller Ado i. i. 83.
squash: unripe pea-pod MUD. iii. i. 195, Tw.X. i.
v. 167(iA'a4'. IS before'tisapeascod; contemptuously
of a person Wint. i. ii. 161.
squier, squire: foot-rule LLL. v. ii. 475, Wint iv
iii. [iv.J 350, 1H4 ii. ii. lifourfuot by the sqi'uu'
", Early and common Eliz. lorni of square sb
squint (once) : to cause to squint Lr. iii. iv. I'o
squiny : to look peeringly at Lr. iv. vi. 141 . ' "n'still
iu midl.dial.
squire (2 cf. squike-like)
1 gentleman next below a knight in rank AYiv iii
iv. 48 come cut and long-tail, under the degree of a s '
H5 IV. viii. 83 knights and s-s, Cym. ii. iii. 128 a
squire's cloth.
2 body-sei-A'ant 1H4 i. ii. 27 us that are s-s of the
night's body, Ant. iv. iv. 14 my queen's a s. More
tight at this ilian titou.
3 young man, young fellow Ado i. iii. 54 A proper
s. ! ; contemptuously 0th. iv. ii. 145 iSumc such s.
he was That turn'd yutiruit the seamy side without.
squire-like : like a body-servant Lr. ii. iv. 217.
squirrel : applied to a small dog Gent. iv. iv. 00.
stable (once) : steadyTw.K. iv. iii. 19 stable haring.
stableness ijiice) : constancy Mac. iv. iii. 92.
stablish miue) : to establish 1H6 v. i. 10. [vi. 9.
stablishnient (once) : settled occupation Ant. in.
staff (3 common Eliz.)
1 shaft of a lance John n. i. 318 There stuck no plume
in any English crest That is removed by a staff of
France, R3 v. iii. 65 Look that my slaves be sound ;
breakas. =break alanceisee break) Ado v. i. 141.
2 set in one's s., make oneself at home Err. iii. i. 51.
3 strophe, stanza LLL. rv. ii. 108.
stage sb. : scaffold, platform Ham. v. ii. 392, 410.
stage vb. : to exhibit publicly Meas. i. i. 68 to s. me
to their eyes. Ant. in. xi. [xiii.] 30 ; to represent on
the stage Ant. v. ii. 216 the quick comedians . . . will
stage tis.
stagger : to waver, hesitate Wiv. in. iii. 12 inlhouf
any pause or s-mg, Meas. I. ii.l75, AYL. in. iii.
51 A man may . . . stagger in this attempt.
staggers (2 some explain 'bewilderment ').
1 giddiness Cym. v. V. 234 ; spec, disease in cattle
attended by giddiness Slir. in. ii. 56.
2 giddy or wild conduct AU'sW. ii. iii. 170*.
staid : calm Cym. iii. iv. 10 my staider senses.
stain sb. (3 cf. stain vb. 3)
1 disfigurement John in. i. 45, Cym. n. iv. 139.
2 disgraceMeas.in.i.207, lH4in. i. 186,Cur. i.x. 18.
3 stain to, eclipsing Yen. 9 Stain to all nymphs.
4 tinge All'sW. i. i. 123 You have some s. of soldier
in you, Troil. i. ii. 27.
stain vb. (some make a sense 'tinge, colour' for
Lucr. 66 stain that ore ; but ? read o'eri)
1 to disfigure Tp. i. ii. 411 s-'d With gritf, K2 in. i.
14, K3iv. iv. 207 slain her btauty. Yen. 797.
2 to taint, corrupt All'sW. ii. i. 123 s. onr judge-
ment, in. vii. 7 any s-ing act, John iv. ii. 6 The
faiths of men ne'er s-ed with revolt, Ham. iv. iv. 57
/ . . . HCIiat have a father kill'd, a mother s-'d, Lucr.
168, &c.
3 to make dim, eclipse I?2 in. iii. 66 to s. the track
Of his bright passage, Lr. v. iii. 264 mist or s. the
stone, Lucr. 1435, Sonn. xxxv. 3 *. both moon and
sun ; fig. to eclipse Ant. in. iv. 27; also intr. to be
dimmed or obscured, suffer eclipse LLL. n. i. 48,
8onn. xxxiii. 14 ho<»<n's sun staineth.
Stained: full of disgrace lH6in, iii. 57, Lucr. 1059,
1316.
stake sb. : in metaphorical phr. from bear-baiting
Tw.N. in. i. 131, 2H6 v. i. 144, Caes. iv. i. 48.
stale sb. ' (1 properly, ' a decoy fowl ', Bailey)
STALE -
208
— STARKLY
1 tleeoy, baitTp. iv. i. 187 For s. to catch these thieves,
Shr. III. i. 91.
2 fig. (i)tool Err. li. i. 101" ;>oo>- Iain hut hiss. ; (ii)
dupe, laugliing-stoek Slir. i. i. 58 To make a s. of
me ainowj these mates (play on ' stalemate '), 3Ht)
III. iii. 260, Tit. i. i. 304.
stale sb.= : harlot Ado ii. ii. 26, iv. i. 65.
stale sb.' : urine (of horses) Ant. I. iv. 62 ; applied to
Dr. Cains, Wiv. ii. ili. 30 bully stale.
stale vb.: to make stale Cor. i. i. 97 (old edd. scalf),
Ant. II. ii. 243 ; to make common or clieapTroil.
II. iii. 203, Cses. i. ii. 73.
stalk : to move cautiously like a fowler in pursuit
of his game Ado ii. iii. 102 L95] s. on ; the fowl sits ;
(?) transf. in Lucr. 365.
Btalking-horse : real or artificial horse behind
which a fowler hid wlien pursuing his game AYL.
V. iv. 112.
stall (oecas. uses)
1 to keep close All'sW. i. iii. 133 s. this in your bosom.
2 to install K3 i. iii. 206.
3 to dwell tof/ethei- Ant. v. i. 39.
stallion: misprint in Tw.N. n. v. 126 (mod. edd.
staiuelf), Ham. ii. ii. 624 [616] Qq (Ff scullion).
stamp sb. (in 1H4 iv. i. 4, K3 i. iii. 256 metapiior
from coining ; in Meas. ii. iv. 47, Tit. IV. ii. 7U
with ref. to begetting children, cf. stamp vb. 2)
1 that with which an impression is made Cor. ir. ii.
112 his sword, death's s., Sonn. Ixxxii. 8 ; spec, in-
strument for stamping coin Meas. ir. iv. 47.
2 impression made, mark, character Mer.V. ir. ix. 39
Without the s. of merit, 1H4 iv. i. 4, R3 I. iii. 256
Your fire-new s. of honour is scarce current, Cj'm.
V. V. 367 tliat natural stamp (viz. a mole).
3 thing stamped with a certain impression Tit. iv.
ii. 70 ; spec, coin Wiv. iii. iv. 16, Mac. iv. iii. 153,
Cyin. V. iv. 24.
stamp vb. (2 cf. stamp sb.)
1 to mark with a stamp or character R3 i. i. 16 /,
tiiat am rudely stump'd.
2 to beget Cym. ii. v. 5.
3 to give currency to Otii. ii. i. 249; to give tlie im-
press of genuineness to Cor. v. ii. 22 Have almost
stamped the leasiny.
stanch adj.^: firm, firmly united Ant. ir. ii. 121.
^ Perhaps fig. of the sense 'watertight '.
stanch vb.: to satiate Tit. in. i. 14.
stanchless: unsatiable Mac. iv. iii. 78 s. avarice.
stand sb. : station Meas. iv. vi. 10 ; esp. in phr. make
(one's) .';., take (one's) s.; spec, station taken up by
a hunter or an archer "Wiv. v. v. 260 [248], LLL.
IV. i. 10, 3H6iir. i. 3, Cym. ii. iii. 15 yield up Their
deer to the stand o' the stealer.
stand vb. (very freq. withadjs., pples., and adverbial
phr. almost = to be, e.g. Cses. v. i. 94 The gods to-day
stand fi iendtfi, Mac. iv. iii. 107 s-s accurs'd, 0th. I.
i. 152 s. (nnd=are in action; less commonly with
nouns, e.g. 2H4 iir. ii. 238 s. my friend, iv. iii. 89
Stand my gonel lord)
1 to remain stationarv, stop Gent. iv. i. 3 Stand, sir,
Meas. III. ii. 2s6 [287], Shr. iv. iii. 44 let it s., Troil.
IV. v. 247 Stand ayain, Von. 284 Stand, I say. [12.
2 to make a stand, fight MND. in. ii.424, Rom. i. i.
3 (in iniper.) furljear, stop I Troil. v. vi. 9, Cor. v. v.
[vi.] 128 Stand, Aufidius.
4 to continue, remain Mac. in. i. 4 it was said It
should not stand in thy posterity.
5 to remain or stay (to do something), lose time over
Gent. V. ii. 44 s. not to discourse, Sviv. in. iii. 133
never s. ' you had retther ', 3H6 iv. viii. 23 s. not to
reply, Cses. v. iii. 43.
6 trans, to withstand, resist Shr. i. ii. 114, 1H6 i. i.
123 none durst ,v. Iiiiii, Cor. v. iii. 74, Lr. IV. i. 69
{Ff slaves), Cym. v. iii. 60 stand his foe.
stand 'by, (1) remain inactive 2H6 ii. iv. 45 ; (2) =
sense 2, Wint. i. ii. 444 ; stand for, be on the
side of, support, stand up for Wiv. in. ii. 65, "Wint.
in. ii. 46 only tliat I s.for, H5 i. ii. 101, Cor. iv. vi.
45 ivhen Marcius stood for koine, Cym. in. v. 56 thou
stand'st so for Postltumus ; stand in, insist upon
Tit. IV. iv. 104 (mod. edd. stand onf) ; stand off,
(1) stand apart All'sW. ii. iii. 127 ; (2) be promi-
nent, stand out H5 n. ii. 103 the truth of it s-s off
ri.v yross As black from ivhite ; stand on or upon,
(1) depend or rest upon MXD. i. i. 139, Mer.V. in.
ii. 203, Lr. iv. vi. 219 6'-* on the henuiy thouyht - ia
hourly expected ; (2) rely upon Wiv. ii. i. 241, H8
V. i. 123 TIte ejoodls. on ; (3) insist on, be particular
about, make much of '\Viv. il. i. 232 you s. on dis-
tance, 1H6 II. iv. 28 s-s upon the honour of his birth,
Rom. II. iii. 93', Mac. in. iv. 119 S. not upon tlie
order of your yoiwj. Ant. iv. iv. 31 ; (4) concern or
trouble oneself about Err. i. ii. 80, Cxa. in. i. 100 ;
(5) be of importance to, concern Err. iv. i, 68 hoiv
it s-s upon my creelit, R3 iv. ii. 59 ; (6) be incumbent
upon K2 n. iii. ViS It s-s your Grace upon to do htm
rii/ht, R3 IV. ii. 58, Ham. v. ii. 63 Iiocs it not . . . s.
me now upon . . . To quit him icitli this arm? ; app.
impersonally Lr. V. i. 69* for my state Stands on
me to defend ; stand to, (I) upliold (authority)
Cor. in. i. 207 ; (2) stand by (a person) Cor. v. iii.
199 ; stand to it, make a stand Cor. iv. vi. 10 ;
Stand vinder, be subject to H8 v. i. 113 ; stand
up, (1) make a stand Cor. ii. iii. 16, Ciies. ii. i. 167 ;
(2) act honestly H5 ii. ii. 118 ; (3j take ones stand
as, claim to be Ant. i. i. 40 Wes. up peerless, Cym.
v.iv.54 Tiled could s. up hisparallel; Stand 'With,
be consistent with A'V^L. ii. iv. 92 if it steind icilh
honesty. Cor. n. iii. 90.
standard: standard-bearer Tp. in. ii. 19; in line21
he's no standard = he can't stand upright.
standing vbl. sb.:
1 existence "Wint. i. ii. 431 his folly . . . will con-
tinue The standiny of his body (=while he lives).
2 (?) position, attitude Tim. i. i. 32*.
Standing' ppl. adj. (1 only in fig. context)
1 (of water) neither ebbing nor flowing Tp. ii. i.
229[221]/«»i s. water, Tw.N. i. v. 169 'lis with
him in standiny water, between boy and man.
2 fixed, staring Tit. n. iii. 32 deadly standiny eye.
3 liaving a support ; (of a bed) having legs Wiv. iv.
V. 7 ; (of a bowl) resting on a foot H8 v. v. stage
dir., Per. ii. iii. 65.
4 set on end 1H4 ii. iv. 278 you vile standinej tuck.
stanielt: inferior kind of hawk Tp. ii. ii. 185 [176]
(see scAMEi,), Tw.N. n. v. 126 (see stallio.v).
Stanza: LLL. iv. ii. 108 (Ff 2-4), stanze LLL. iv.
ii. 108 (Fi Q,), stanzo (Eliz.) AYL. 11. v. 18, 19.
51 The form stanza is app. post-S.
Staple: iibre (of wool), only fig. LLL. v. i. 19.
star (2 seven s-s was also an Eliz. name for the Great
Bear, which may be meant in some of the S.
instances)
1 freq. referred to as influencing human destiny ;
lience transf. position or condition in which one
is placed by fortune Tw.N. 11. v. 157 In my stars
I am eibove tliee. Ham. I. iv. 32 Ileiny nature's
livery, or fortune's star, 11. ii. 141 out of thy s.
(F2-4 sphere)- above thee in position.
2 inoist or watery s., the moon Wint. I. ii. 1, Ham.
I. i. 118 ; seven stars, Pleiades 1H4 I. ii. 10, 2H4 n.
iv. 200, Lr. l. v. 39.
3 pole-star, lodestar Ado in. iv. 58 no more sealing
by the s., Sonn. cxvi. 7 [love] is the star to every
waneUriny bark.
Stare: (of iiair) to stand on end Cpbs. iv. iii. 279,
stark : completely Shr. in. ii. 56 stark spoiled.
Starkly: stiffly Meas. iv. ii. 70.
STABS'D— 2
Starr'd : fated 'Wint. iir. ii. 100 S. mod nnluch-ilij.
Start sb. : sudden lit or impulse 1H4 in. ii. 125 /Ue
s. of xpltcH, Lr. I. i. 304 ■Si(t7( unconstant x-s ; phr.
h)] ov in s-s = by fits and starts Tw.N. ir. ii. 22
she did spenl: in s-s. Ho v. ii. 406 [Epil. 4], Ant. iv.
X. 20 fxii. 7] ; on the s., when it suddenly appears
AIl'sW. III. ii. 52.
start vb.: to startle, alarm All'sW. v. iii. 234
(lerij feather s-s you, Mac. v. V. 15 ; to disturb
0th. i. i. 101 To start mi/ quiet.
Btarting'-hole : place of refuge for a bunted
animal; fig. subterfuge lH4ii."iv. 295.
Startle: to start, be alarmed or sliocked AYL. iv.
iii. 14 u'onhl s. at tliis letter, 113 iii. iv. 84 mij . . .
horse . , . start/eil.
Start-up : upstart Ado i. iii. 69. ^ S. uses xipstnrt
only as adj. in this sense R2 ii. iii. 122.
starve (in old eda. also sterve)
1 to die of cold Cym. l. iv. 187 [180] catch cold and s.
2 to nip with cold Gent. iv. iv. 161 The air hath
S-'d the roses in her cheeks ; transf. to disable,
paralyse Tim. i. i. 258 Aches contract anel s. your
supple joints .'.
starved : benumbed with cold 2H6 iii. i. 343 warm
the s. snake. Tit. in. i. 251 ; famished, lean Mer.V.
IV. i. 138 s-'d, and reivenoiis, 2H4 ill. ii. 330, v. iv.
30 v. lloiiil-hound; fig. feeble, miserable Troil. i.
i. ',iS tuo s/iirr'd a subject for my sicord.
Starve-lackey : name descriptive of needy gal-
lants who starved their pages Meas. iv. iii. 15.
state (the senses 'condition in general' and 'body
politic, commonwealtli ' are freq. ; sense 10 oc-
curs once)
1 condition of tilings H8 ii. iv. 211 Bearing a s. of
mighty moment in't, dvs. i. iii. 71 some monstrous
s.. III. i. 136, Lr. ii. ii. 176 this enormous s.; Sonn.
cxxiv. 1 the child of s. ( = born of circumstances,
merely accidental).
2 condition in respect of worldly prosperity, for-
tune, (hence) estate, property Wiv. in. iv. 6 my
s. heinfi yall'd with my expense, Mer.V. iii, ii. 260
when i told yoic My s. was nothing, Shr. I. ii. t»2
my s. far worser than it is, 1H4 iv. i. 46 the exact
wealth of all our s-s, Tim. l. i. 68 To propagate
their stales.
3 status or position in the world, degree, rank,
esp. high ranker dignity, (hence) majesty, power
Tp. I. ii. 76 /. . . to my s. i/rew stranejer, LLL. iv.
iii. 293 the kingly s. of youth, AYL. v. iv. 182,
John ir. i. 97, R2 ii. i. il4 s. o/Vaw (=legal status
as king), iv. i. 252, 3H6 n. ii'. 152 had he match'd
according to his s., in. ii. 93 by my s. I swear, R3
III. vii. 204 vnft for s. and majesty, Mac. iv. ii.
64 your s. of honour. Per. ii. v. 62 a rebel to hers.,
Lucr. 1006 ; fig. 2H4 v. ii. 132 the s. of floods (.=Ui(i
majesty of the ocean).
4 pi. = persons of 'state' or rank John ii. i. 395
mie/hty s-s, CjTU. in. iv. 39 kings, queens, and s-s.
(Ci'. sense 7).
5 outward display of one's condition, grandeur,
dignity, pomp (of behaviour, equipment, furni-
ture) Err. II. 1. 95, Ado ii. i. 81 a measure, full of
.<!., Tw.N. II. iii. 163, n. v. 59, 2H4 in. i. 13 cano-
pies of costly s., H8Prol. Zfull ofs., Rom. iv. iii.
8, Per. III. ii. 65; keep . . . s., maintain a position
or demeanour of dignity LLL. v. ii. 695, H5 i. ii.
273, C«s. I. ii. 159 ; chair of s., canopied chair,
dais or throne for a king, '&c., 3H6 i. i. 51, H8
IV. i. 67.
6 = chair of state (see 5) Tw.N. n. v. 51 sitting in
my s., 1H4 ii. iv. 421, 423, Cor. v. iv. 24 He si'ts in
his s., as a thing made for Alexander, Mac. in. iv.
5 Our hostess keeps her state.
7 assembly or body of the highest in rank or office
^ - STEALTH
in a state or community, (hence) governing body,
government 2H4 v. ii. 142 we will eiccite . . . all
our s., H8 in. ii. 323, Troil. i. iii. 191 our s. of
»(■(()• ( = council of war), n. iii. 119 this noble s. (viz.
of princes), Cor. iv. iii. 11, 0th. i. i. 148, &c.
8 settled government or order R2 iv. i. 225 Against
the state and profit of this land.
9 fig. of the sense ' kiiigdom, commonwealth' Mac.
I. iii. 140 Shakes so my single s. of man, Sonn. xv.
^this huge state ( = the world) ; cf. Caes. ii. i. 67 the
s. of man. Like to a little kingdom, and kingdom'd.
10 attitude, pose LLL. iv. iii. 185^ gait, a state.
station : manner of standing Ham. iii. iv. 58, Ant.
III. iii. 19.
statist : statesman Ham. v. ii. 33, Cym. ii. iv. 16.
statuaf (late Eliz.) : in some mod. edd. for statue
when pronounced as 3 syll. 2H6 in. ii. 80, R3 in.
vii. 25, C»s. II. ii. 76, iii. ii. 193 ; in others printed
statue.
statute : bond by virtue of which ' the Creditor
may innneiliately have Execution upon the
Debtor's Body, Land, and Goods ' Ham. y. i. 1 1 1 a
great buyer of land, iiith his s-s ; fig. Sonn. cxxxiv.
9 The slitlute of thy biauty thou wilt tal;e.
Statiite-cap : woollen cap ordered by an act of par-
liament ut 1571 to bo worn ' upon the Saboth and
Holy Daye ', by ' all and every person and persons
above Thage of syxe yeres ', except women and
certain ofticials LLL. v. ii. 292 better wits have worn
plain statute-caps. [states end.
Staves : old genitive of staff Tw.N. v. i. 295 at the
stay sb. : (1 and 2occuronlyonce)
1 check, hindrance John ii. i. 455.
2 continuance in a state Sonn. xv. 9.
3 prop, support John v. vii. 68 what hope, what s.,
Troil. v. iii. 60 if thou lose thy stay.
stay vb. (freq. in various senses, now obs. or arch.,
expressing the notion of stopping, delaying, de-
taining, restraining, or putting an end to)
1 to prop, support John in. iv. 138, R3i. iv. 19, ni.
vii. 96 Two props To stay him.
2 towaitforGent. ii.ii. VAJIy father staysmycominq,
John II. i. 58 Vi'hose leisure Ihace stai/'d ; to remain
to do (somothing) LLL. ii. i. 191 I cannot stay
thanksgiving, iv. ii. 149 6'. not thy compliment ; I
forgive thy duty.
3 to offer resistance to, meet the force of Rom. i. i.
218 stay the siege of loving terms, Ven. 894 fiy and
dare not stay the field ; also intr. 3H6 ii. iii. 50.
stay beMnd, fail to take part in Cor. i. i. 249 ; stay
by it, keep things going Ant. n. ii. 182* ; stay
on or upon, (1) attend or wait upon Tw.N. ii. iv.
24, Mac. 1. iii. 148, Ant. i. ii. 12i Be stays upon your
will ; (2) await Meas. iv. i. 49, Cor. v. iv. 8.
stead (1 the prevailing sense)
1 to be of use to, benefit, help Gent. ii. i. 124 so its.
you, I will write, All'sW. in. vii. 41 it nothing
s-s us, 0th. 1. iiL 3H I couldncver better s. thee than
now.
2 intr. to stand in good stead Tp. i. ii. 165 necessa-
ries, Which since have steaded much.
3 s. lip, take a person's place in (an arrangement)
Meas. in. i. 261.
stealing- : moving stealthily on R3 in. vii. 167 the
s. hours of time ; cf. age with hiss, steps, in the
poem quoted in Ham. v. i. 77.
stealth (phr. hi/ s. occurs twice)
1 theft, stealing Tim. in. iv. 2^, Lr. in. iv. 93.
2 secretor clandestine motion, stealing away MND.
III. ii. 310 your s. unto this ivood, Tw.N. i. v. 318
With an invisible and subtle s. To creep in at mine
eyes, Sonn. Ixxvii. 7 thy dial's shady s. ; (euphe-
misticallv) clandestine act Meas. i. ii. 164, Lr. i,
ii. 11.
STEEL -
210
-STOMACH
steel sb.: fieq. in tiansf. senses =irox 1, 2; also
adj. Sonn. cxxxiii. 9tli}j steel bosom's tiard.
steel vb. : (?) to engrave Sonn. xxiv. 1* liiilli plaij'd
the pninter and haili s-'d Thy beitiity's form in table
of mil lirarl (but see next ^) ; cf. Yen. 376.
steeled: made ol'steel IHt") i. i. 85 mi/s. coat; strength-
ened 2H-1 I. i. 110 from his metal was hts party
s-d, H5 II. ii. 36 s. sinews ; liardened, callous Meas.
IV. ii. 90 The s. yaoler, Sonn. cxii. 8 my s-'d sense.
^ In Lr. III. vii. 61 steeled (Qi some copies), Soun.
xxiv. 1 steeld (Q) are usu. talcen to be spellings ot
STELLED.
steely (twice') : made of steel 3H6 ll. iii. 16 the steely
point iif Clifford's lance; fig. AlI'sW. I. i. 115
iiituc'ss. bones, &p^. 'steel-boned', i.e. unyield-
ing, uncouipromised, virtue.
Steep : (?) mountain range MND. ll. i. 69 the farthest
s. of India (Qj Yf steepe ; Qi steppe, see steppe).
steep-down : precipitous 0th. v. ii. 279 s. gulfs ; so
steep-up Sonn. vii. 5, the s. heavenly hill, Pilgr.
lUl [ix. 5J.
steepy : difficult to ascend, in fig. context with
Iff. to attaining an end Tim. i. i. 76, Sonn. Ixiii.
5 afif's sttipy niijlit.
Stelled : fixed Lucr. 1444 a face where all distress is
s-'d, Sonn. xxiv. 1* (but see steel vb.) ; Lr. iir. vii.
61 4./)Yx',(?)fixedstars(but often taken =:stellate,
starry).
Stem : main timber of tlie prow (of a ship) Cor. ir.
ii. 112, Per. iv. i. 63.
step-dame: stepmother (cf. dame 4) MND. i. i. 5.
steppe : reading of Qi in MXD. ir. i. 169 the furthest
s. of India (Q2 Ff steepe, see steep), commonly
taken as=' steppe ' (of Russia, Central Asia); but
prob. to be Viind furthest step ( = utmost limit of
travel or exploration, the furthest one has been) ;
cf. Ado II. i. 277 the furthest inch of Asia.
sterlingf: be s., pass current, have its full value
R2 IV. i. 264 if my word he sterliny.
Stern: at chiefest s., in a position of supreme con-
trol 1H6 I. i. 177.
sternage : to s. of, astern of H5 iii. Chor. 18 (' so
as to follow the vessel in your mind's eye ').
stew: (?) cauldron Meas. v. i. 317.
stick (1 common Eliz.; in some fig. uses 'fix'
would be the mod. synonym)
1 to stab (lit. and fig.) Gent. i. i. 108, AYL. i. ii. 259"
3Iy father's roiujh . . . disposition S-s me at heart,
Troil. III. ii. 202 to stick: the heart of falsehood.
2 to be fixed on (a person) like an ornament Cor. i.
i. 277 Opinion, that so s-s on Mlarcius ; — s. off, stand
out in relief Ham. v. ii. 271 Your skill shall, like a
star . . . Stick fiery off indeed.
3 to hesitate (to do something) 2H4 i. ii. 24, Cor. 11.
iii. 17, Sonn. x. 6.
sticking-place : point at which (it) remains firm
Mac. I. vii. 60 But screw your courarje to the s.
Stickler-like: like an umpire Troil. v. viii. 18
[night] s., the armies separates. ^[ Cf. A Stickler
between two, ' Uniftcus ' (Rider's Diet., 1589).
stiff: stout Cor. i. i. 167 stiff bats and clubs.
Stiff-borne: obstinately carried out 2H4 i. i. 177.
stiffly : strongly Ham. i. v. 95 bear me stiffly tip.
stig'matic : one ' branded ' by nature with deform-
ity 2H6 v. i. 215 Foul s., 3H6 11. ii. 136 ; so stig-
matical adj. Err. iv. ii. 22 St igmatical in makmy.
Still adj. (4 cf. STILL adv.)
1 silent ; (i) be s. LLL. I. ii. 191, 1H4 ill. i. 243, 0th.
V. ii. 46 ; (ii) //oW oneself ,v. Err. r,'. ii. 17 I cannot,
nor I will not hold me still, Sonn. Ixxxv. 1.
2 be still, rest in peace C.-es. v. v. 50.
3 (of music) soft A'iL. v. iv. stage dir.
4 constant, continual R3 iv, iv. 230 s. use of grief.
Tit. III. ii. 45' slill practice.
Still adv. : always, ever, continually Gent 11. i. 12
you'll still be too forward, Wiv. v. v. 98 us you trip,
stillpinch him, Kom. v. iii. 270 }Yestill have knoirn
thee for a holy man, Ham. 11. ii. 42 Tlioii still hast
been the father of good news, iv. vii. 116 nothing is
at a like goodness still,Yen. 73 S. she entreats . . .
S. is he sullin ; phr. s. and anon, ever and anon,
from time to time John iv. i. 47 ; see also an-end.
^[ A very freq. meaning in S. and in Tudor
and Stuart times ; when qualifying an adj. or
pple. used attrib., still is sometimes hyphened in
mod. edd. (occas. too in old edd.) ; — still-breeding
R2v. V.8, -cZos(ni/( = continually closing over) Tp.
III. iii. 64, -discordant 2H4 Ind. 19, -gazing Lucr.
84, -lasting K3 iv. iv. 345, -pining Lucr. 858, -soli-
citing Lr. I. i. 234, -vexed ( = constantly troubled)
Tp. I. ii. 229.
stillitory : alembic, stillVen. 443 (Qqv, iqstillatorie).
stillness : silence Mer.V. i. i. 90 a wilful stillness,
H5 III. i. 4* modest s. (or perhaps ' .staidness ', as in
0th. II. iii. 193).
still-peering*: All's W. iii. ii. 113 (Fj) the still-
peering air (Ff 2-4 still(-)piercin(j ; many conj.) ;
prob. corrupt.
still-Stand : standstill 2H4 11. iii. 64.
stilly : Softly H5 iv. Chor. 5 stilly sounds.
sting : carnal impulse Meas. i. iv. 59, AYL. 11. vii.
66, 0th. I. iii. 336.
stin't sb.: (?) check Per. i. ii. 25 the s. of war (Ffai
Qq ; Tyrwhitt th'oslent\)
stint vb.:
1 to cause to cease, stop H8 i. ii. 76, Tim. v. iv. 83.
2 to cease Rom. i. iii. 48, 57, Per. iv. iv. 42.
stir .sb. (the common Eliz. meaning 'commotion,
disturbance ' also occurs)
1 stirring, movement Cies. i. iii. 127 no s. , or walking
in tlie streets, Mac. i. iii. lH chance may crown me,
Without my stir.
2 event, happening Ant. I. iv. 82 stirs abroad.
3 mental agitation Cym. i. iii. 12, Yen. 283.
stith, stithy: anvil or smithy Ham. iii. ii. 89 as
foul As Vulcan's stithy (Ff Styth{e, Qq stithy).
stithied : forged Troil. iv. v. 254 the forge thai s.
Mars his helm.
stoccado : thrust in fencing Wiv. n. i. 233.
stock sb. ' (2 see also kether stock)
1 blockhead Shr. i. i. 31 no Stoics nor no stock.
2 stocking Gent. in. i. 315, Tw.N. i. iii. 146.
stock sb.^: = stoccado YYiv. 11. iii. 26.
Stock vb.: to put in the stocks as a punishment Lr.
II. ii. 139 (Ff Stocking, Qq Slopping), 11. iv. 191 (Ff
stockt, Qq struck(e). 111. iv. 1S8 (Ff stockt, punish'd,
Qqi2 stock-jninisht).
stockfisli: dried codfish Meas. in. ii. 118; make a
s. of, beat, as stockfish was beaten before it was
cooked Tp. 111. ii. 81 ; used as a contemptuous epi-
thet for a thin person 1H4 11. iv. 275.
stockish: blockish, unfeeling Mer.Y. v. i. 81.
stock-punisli'd : punished by being set in the
public stocks Lr. in. iv. 138 (Qu 2).
Stoic: severe or rigorous person Shr. i. i. 31.
Stole : robe Compl. 297 my white stole of chastity.
stolen : furtive, secret Rom. v. iii. 233, 0th. in.
iii. 339.
stomaclL sb. (2 and the physical sense of ' appetite'
are played upon in Gent. i. ii. 66, Shr. iv. i. 161)
1 inclination, disposition Shr. i. i. 38 as you find
your s. series you, 1. ii. 198, Caes. v. i. 66 when you
hare s-s ; phr. against one's s. Tp. 11. i. 114 [107],
AYL. in. ii. 22, Ant. 11. ii. 54; const, to H5 iv.
iii. 35, Troil. iii. iii. 221 my little s. to the war.
2 resentment, angry temper 1H6 iv. i. 141 their
grudging s-s, Tit. in. i. 233 To ease their s-s with
tlieir hitter tongues, Lr. v. iii. 75 a JxM-fiomng s.
STOMACH
3 proud or airogant spirit Slir. v. ii. 177 rail your
s-s, H8 IV. ii. ;i4 Of an nnbointded stomach.
4 coinaEre Tp. i. ii. 157 An undergoing .«., 2H4 I. i.
129 Can mil liis stomach. Ham. i. i. 100.
Stomach vb.: to resent Ant. ii. ii. 9, iii. iv. 12.
Stomacher : ornamental covering for tlie breast
worn by women Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 226.
stone sb. (2 very li-eq. in sing.) [iii. 264.
1 (app.) mirror of polished stone or ciystal Lr. v.
2 typical of hardness or insensibility ; occas. pi.
K;i III. vii. 222 lam not made of stones {raod. edd.
stunef), Lr. v. iii. 259 men of s-s; symbolical of
dumbness Ant. ll. ii. 116 your coyisiaerate stone.
stone vb.: to make as liard as stone 0th. v. ii. 63.
stone- how : cross-bow for shooting stones Tw.N.
II. V. 52.
Stonish : to dismay, bewilder Ham. iii. ii. 347 [.340]
(so Qq2-.'; ; Ff Qe^ns^n/s/i), Ven. 825 s-'d as night-
wanderers often are, Their light blown out.
stoop ad,j.(?) : stooping, bent LLL. iv. iii. 89.
stoop vb. (1 in Shr. iv. i. 194 this sense seems to be
glanced at, witli play on the sense ' yield ')
1 in falconry, ' is when a Hawke being vpon her
wings at tlie height of her pitcli, bendetli vio-
lentlie downe to strike the fowle or any other
pray ' (Latham, 1615) ; applied only to eagles
Cym. V. iii. 42 they fly Chicktns, the way which
they s-'d eagles, V. iv. 116 the holy eagle S-'d, as to
foot US ; fig. H5 IV. i. 113.
2 to bow (the head or neck) R2 m. i. 19, 2H4 Ind.
32 ; fig. to humiliate, submit Meas. ii. iv. 183,
2H4 V. ii. 120 s. and humble my intents To your
. . . directions.
stop sb. (1 only allusively)
1 (in horsemanship) sudden check in a horse's
' career ' MND. v. i. 120 He hath rid his prologue
like a rough colt ; he knows not the s. (quibble with
sense 3), CjTii. v. iii. 40 Then began A s. ?' the chaser.
2 pause in speaking R2 v. ii. 4, 0th. iii. iii. 120.
3 punctuation-mark IVLND. v. i. 120, Mer. V.ni. i. 17
Come, the fall stop ( = let's hear the end).
4 (i) hole in wind instruments of music by which
diff'erence of pitch is produced 2H4 Ind. 11 a pipe
. . . of so easy and so plain a s. (= easy to play on),
Ham. m. ii. 76 To soxtnd what s. she please, 383
[376] ; (allusively) Lucr. 1124 J/;/ restless discord
loies no stops nor rests ; (ii) fret on the finger-
board of a stringed instrument Ado iii. ii. 62.
5 stopping of a hole 2H6 iii. i. 288 A breach that
craves a quick expedient stop.
stop vb. (in the sense of 'fill up, close by filling'
often used where the mod. language prefei-s the
phi-, 'stop up', e.g. AYL. rv. i. 171, H8 v. iii. 23)
1 to check the bleeding of (a wound), (hence) to heal
Mer.V. IV. i. 259, R3 v. iv. 53 [v. 40] cirtl wounds
are slopp'd, Cor. rv. v. 92 thatnill . . . s. those maims
Of shame.
2 to ' fill ' (the ears) with sound R2 ii. i. 17, 2H4i. i. 78.
Stop in, shut in, keep in Wiv. iii. v. 116, Err. i. ii.
53 S. in your wind, R3 i. iv. 38 (Ff ; Qq Kept in) ;
stop up, put a stop to All'sW. IV. V. 81.
Store sb.(l cf. storehouse applied to a burial-place in
Mac. II. iv. 34 ; inLr. iii. vi. 57 prob. corrupt, mod.
edd. stone f ; 2 cf. the vb.)
1 m s., laid up as in a storehouse Tit. I. i. 94 Osrtcrei
receptacle of my joys . . . How many sons of mine
hast thou in store!.
2 fertility, increase Sonn. xi. 9 those whom Nature
hath not made for s., xiv. 12 If from thyself to store
thou wouldst convert.
store vb. : ' to stock with people, populate ' (Sclimidt)
H5 III. V. 31 To new s. France with bastard warriors,
0th. n'. iii. 87 stoj-e the world.
Stored : laid up, hoarded Lr. ii. iv. 164 All the s-'d
211 —STRAIN
vengeances of heaven ; furnished, provided, stocked,
full (of) John V. iv. 1 s-'d with friends. Cor. i. i.
196, II. i. 20 s. with all [faults]. Per. i. i. 77, i. iv. 28
Their tables were s-'d full, li. iii. 50 a cup that's s-'d
unlo the brim.
Storm: to make a storm or commotion in Conipl.
7 Storming her world.
story sb. : theme for mirth Meas. i. iv. 30 make me
not your story.
story vb. : to tell the story of, give an account of
Cym. I. iv. 36 s. him in his own hearing, Ven. 1013
stories Bis victories, Lucr. 106 He stories . , . her hus-
band's fame.
Stoup : measure for liquor, two quarts Tw.N. n. iii.
14 a s. of wine, Ham. v. i. 66, 0th. u. iii. 30 (old
edd.stope). H Now familiar chiefly in 'holy-water
stoup ' ; anotlier Eliz. form was ' stoap '.
stout (sense 'valiant, resolute, bold' is the com-
monest sense, e.g. 1H6 i. i. 106)
1 strong Tp. v. i. 45 .Jove's s. oak, Tim. iv. iii. 32 this
Will . . . Flack s. men's pillows from below their head,
Sonn. Ixv. 7 rocks impregnahlc are not so s. .. .; cf.
0th. II. i. 48 stoutly timber' d.
2 proud, haughty IV. X. ii. v. 187,2H6i.i. 188 A,9.?.
and proud. Cor. m. ii. 78.
Stoutly: with a 'stout' heart, resolutely, boldly
3H6 II. V. 79, 0th. ni. i. 47.
Stoutness : obstinate pride Cor. in. ii. 127.
Stover : fodder for cattle Tp. rv. i. 63.
Straig'ht adv. : immediately, straightway Meas. i.
ii. 172 Vilio, newly in the seat . . . lets it (his horse]
s. fell the spur, 0th. iv. i. hSDoyoii withdraw yoiir-
selfu Utile while. He will recover s.. Ant. IV. x. 16
[xii. 3] 1 'II bring thee word S. how 'tis like to go, Ven.
264 and to her straight goes he.
straigfht-pight : erect Cym. v. v. 165.
strain sb.' (much dift'erence of opinion exists as to
the meaning in several places)
1 strong impulse or 'motion ' of the mind, high-
pitched feeling or emotion Ado v. i. 12 let it
ansHcr every s.for s. (? with a ref. to sense 4), LLL.
v. ii. 768 love is full of unbefitting .f-s, 2H4 iv. v.
169 swell my thoughts to any s. of pride, Troil. li.
ii. 154 so degenerate a s., Cor. v. iii. 149 the fine s-s
of honour, Cym. in. iv. 95 A s. of rareness, Sonn.
xc. 13 oilier strains of woe.
2 particular tendency or disposition 'W'^iv. ii. i. 90
unless he know some s. in me, Tim. iv, iii. 214
praise his most vicious strain.
3 make no s. but that, have no difficulty in believing
that Troil. i. iii. 326. (Cf. strain at, s.v. strain
vb. 7.)
4 musical note or phrase, tune Tp. I. ii. 384, AYL.
IV. iii. 69 false strains, Caes. iv. iii. 256 touch thy
instrument a strain or two, Lucr. 1131.
strain sb. 2
1 stock, race, lineage H5 ii. iv. 51, Tim. i. i. 260,
Goes. V. i. 59, Per. iv. iii. 24.
2 natural character, quality, or disposition Wiv.
III. iii. 196, Lr. v. iii. 41 you have show'd to-day
your valiant s., Cym. iv. ii. 24 0 noble strain .'.
strain vb. (7 cf. ' strain at a gnat ' Matt, xxiii. 24
in 1611 IJible, where earlier versions have, how-
ever, more correctly, 'strain out ')
1 to embrace H8 iv. i. 46.
2 to exert to the utmost Ado rv. i. 25d io strange
sores strangely they s. the cure, IHC i. v. 10, Tim.
V. i. 232 s. what other means is hjt unto us ; intr.
to exert oneself Tim. i. i. 144 To build his fortune
I will strain a little. [entertainment.
3 to press, urge 0th. in. iii. 250 ;/ your lady s. his
4 to force, constrain Rom. ii. iii. 19.
5 to exceed bounds Wint. in. ii. 51* With what en-
counter so ^mcurrent I Have s-'d, to appear thus;
STBAINED
212
- STREW
.V. tuo far, put an exaggerated construction on
matters 1H4 iv. i. 75.
C .V. courlesy, (i) be pnnctiliously polite, stand npon
ceremony, refuse to go first Ven. 888 Then nit s.
courtesij iclio shall cope him fird ; (ii) act with less
than due courtesy Kom. ir. iv. 57* in such a case
as mine a man mail strnin cotirtestj.
7 s. at, find difficulty in Troil. iil. iii. 112 / iZo not s.
ut the position.
Strained :
1 excessive 2H4 i. i. 161, Lr. i. i. 172.
2 purified as by filtering Troil. IV. iv. 2-t so s-d a
purify (Ft strant/e) ; ef. IV. v. 168 Striiin'd purely
from all hollow bias-drawing.
3 forced, constrained Mer.V. IV. i. 184 The quality
of mercy is not strain'd, Sonn. Ixxxii. 10 What s.
touches rhetoric can lend.
strait (old edd.rarely straiyht in the foil, senses)
1 narrow Cyni. v. iii. 7 a strait lane.
2 tight-fitting H5 ill. vii. GO strait strossers.
3 strict Meas. ii. i. 9 most s. in virtue, 1H4 IV. iii.
71) s. decrees ; exacting Tim. I. i. 97 his creditors
most s. ; as adv. 2H6 in. ii. 20 Proceed no straiter.
4 niggardly, close John v. vii. 42.
Straited: in 'straits' or difficulties Wint. iv. iii.
[iv.] 36i) straited For a reply.
straitly: strictly R3 i. i. 85, iv. i. 17.
straitness : strictness Meas. in. ii. 277 [269].
strange (most freq. in sense 'surprising, odd')
1 bclun^iug to another country, foreign LLL. iv.
ii. 136, AYL. iv. i. 36 wears, suits, Wint. ll. iii.
178 6^ strane/e fortune (viz. ' as the child of a
foreigner'), H8 in. i. 44 A s. tongue, Cym. i. vi.
54, 191.
2 belonging to another person or place, not one's
own Ado v. iv. 49, Cym. i. iv. 102 s. fowl, Lucr.
1242, Sonn. liii. 2 millions of strange shadows on
you tend,.
3 not known, used, or experienced before, new,
fresh LLL. v. i. 6 learned without opinion, and s.
without heresy, K2 v. v. 66, Troil. iii. ii. 9 Like a
s. soul upon the Styyian hanks ; = newly an-ived),
Mac. I. iii. 145 Like our strange garments.
4 not knowing;, ignorant Troil. iii. iii. 12 .?., unac-
quainted, Tim. IV. iii. 56 in thy fortunes , . . %m-
learn'd and s.; phr. strange to (unto), ignorant of
EiT. II. ii. 153, Mac. in. iv. 112 s. Eeen to the dis-
position that I owe ( - 'a stranger even to my own
feelings', Clark and Wright) ; look s. (on), put a s.
face on, pretend unfamiliarity (with) Err. v. i.
296, Ado II. iii. 50, Sonn. Ixxxix. 8 ; make it s.,
seem to be surprised or shocked Gent. i. ii. 99,
Tit. II. i. 81.
5 estranged, not familiar, distant, (passing into
the sense) reserved, .shy Mer.V. i. i, 67 You grow
exceeding s., Tw.N. ii. v. 187 / will be s., stout,'v. i.
222 You throw « s. regard 'upon me, Kom. in. ii. 15
strange lore, grown bold, Ca»s. I. ii. 35.
6 out of the common, remarkable, rare Tp. in. iii.
87 observation s., LLL. iv. iii. 377 some s. pastime,
2H4 I. i. 94, Ham. i. v. 28 most foul, s., and un-
natural, Cym. I. v. 34 Strange lingering poisons.
strange-achieved**: gained (a) in foreign lands,
(b) by wrong means, (c) for the enjoyment of
otlioi'S 2H4 IV. V. 70 strange-achieved gold.
strange-disposed : of extraordinary character
Ca-s. I. iii. 33 it is a strange-disposed time.
strangely (cf. strange 1, 4, 5, 6)
1 as a foreigner Wint. II. iii. 181.
2 as one who is or pretends to be a stranger, in a
distant or reserved manner 2H4 v. ii. 63 You all
looks. on me, H8 iii. ii. US. neglected,Troi\. iii. iii.
39 to pass s. by him, Sonn. xlix. 5 s. pass, And
scarcely greet me.
3 uncommonly, extraordinarily, rarely Tp. iv. i. 7
thou Hast s. stood the test, Ado in. ii. 137, iv. i. 254,
Mac. IV. iii. 150 s. visited people . . . he cures.
strangeness: distant behaviour, reserve Tw.X.
IV. i. 16, 2H6 III. i. 5, 0th. in. iii. 12, Ven. 310
She puts on outward strangeness.
Stranger adj. :
1 = STRANGE 1, LLL. IV. ii. 145, MND. i. i. 219 .?.
companies, John v. i. 11 s. blood, K2 i. iii. 143 the
stranger paths of banishment. Per. ii. iii. 67.
2 =STKANGE 2, Mer.V. I. iii. 119 did . . .foot me as
you spurn a stranger cur. [eges.
3 =STKANGE 3, Lucr. 99 she, that never cop'd with s.
strangered: estranged Lr. i. i. 207.
strangle: fig. to efface, suppress Tw.N. V. i. 151
makts tliic s. thy propriety ( = disown your identi-
ty), Sonn. Ixxxix. 8 I trill acquaintance strangle.
strappado : ' is when the person is drawn up to
his height, and then suddenly to let him fall
half way with a jerk, which not only breaketh
his Arms to pieces but shaketh all his Joynts
out of Joynt' (Holme's Armory) 1H4 ii. iv. 266.
stratagem : deed of great violence Mer.V. v. i. 85
trmsons, s-s, and spoils, 2H4 i. i. 8, 3H6 il. v. 80
Vihat s-s, how fell, how butcherli/, Rom. in. v. 211.
straw (1 cf. R3 in. v. 7, Cies. i. iii. 108)
1 typical of something trifling or feeble Shr. v. ii.
174, John III. iv. 128, H5 ii. iii. 54 oaths are s-s.
Ham. IV. iv. 26 the question of this straw.
2 u'isp of straw, the badge of a scold 3H6 ii. ii. 144.
strawy: like straw Troil. v. v. 24 (Fi straying).
stray sb. :
1 animal found wandering out of bounds H5 i. ii.
160; fig. vagabond 2H6 iv. x. 27 ; collect, strag-
glers 2H4 IV. ii. 121 pursue the scattered stray.
2 act of straying ; Lr. i. i. 212 make such a s., go so
far away.
stray vb. : to lead astray EtT. v. i. 51.
strayed : ' passing due bounds ' (J.) Lr. i. i. 172 s.
pride (Qq ; Ff .s/»v(n('f/).
straying ppl. adj.: wandering LLL. v. ii. 771 like
the eye. Full of s. sha)ies (scanned as one syll. ;
mod. edd. strayf, straugei).
strength (1 cf. length sb. 1)
1 (if s., strong 1H6 in. iv. 7 seven walled towns of s.,
Troil. V. ii. 110 A proof of s. she could not publish
more ( = a stronger proof).
2 force, vehemence 1H4 i. iii. 25 with such s. denied.
3 in (the) s. of, with the full force or authority of
Cor. III. iii. 14 F the right and s. o' the commons,
Cies. III. i. 174* Our arms, in s. of malice ( = strong
with such strength as hostility supplies), Lr. ii.
i. 114 in my strength ( = witli my authority).
4 armed force, army John ii. i. 388 your xinited s-s,
1H6 IV. i. 73 gather s., R3 iv. iii. 50 (Qq army), v.
iii. 26 (Ff Power), Ant. II. i. 17.
stretch :
1 to open wide H5 li. ii. 55 stretch our eye.
2 to strain to the utmost MND. v. i. 8(i, Cor. n. ii.
56, Cajs. IV. i. 44 Our best friends made, and our
bed means s-'d out, Lr. ii. ii. 110, Per. v. i. 55
since ijonr kindness We hare stretch'd thus far.
3 to be' protracted Ant. I. i. 46.
stretched: strained, forced, affected Troil. i. iii.
156 'Twixt his s-'d footing and the scaffoldage, Sonn.
xvii. 12 your . . . stretched metre nf an antique song.
stretch-monthed * : (a) wide-mouthed, (b) of
coarse s|icecli Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 196.
Strew (rhymes with so in Cym. iv. ii. 287)
1 in allusion to strewing rushes on floors or flowers
in the path of a conqueror Wiv. v. v. 63_.S'. good
luck . . . on every sacred room. Ant. I. iii. 101
smooth success lie strew'd before your feet.
2 fig. to scatter Meas. i. iii. 15, Ham. rv. v. 14.
STBEWINOS -
213
-SUBDUB
Btrewing's: flowers strewn on a grave Cym. iv. ii.
285 ; so strewments Ham. v. i. 255.
Strict (2 a sense found in Hooker)
1 dose, tight Van. 874 strict embrace.
2 restricted, narrow Cym. v. iv. \1' take No stricter
render of me than my all.
3 strained Tim. iii. v. 24 too strict a paradox.
4 harsh, ci-uel Per. in. iii. 8 the strict fates.
stricture : strictness Meas. i. iii. 12. [iii. iii. o5.
stride : s. a limit, ' oveipass his bound ' (J.) Cjtu.
strife (obsolete uses are)
1 striving, endeavour Meas. iic. ii. 252, AlTsW. v.
Epil. 4 [iii. 338] With s. to please you, Rom. ii. ii.
152 (Qi sute, Q 5 suit).
2 emuhition Tim. i. i. 38 (see artificial 3), Lucr.
1377 to show the painter's strife.
strike ipa.t. struck, old edd. also strook{e, stroke ;
pa.pple. struck, struckcn, stricken, old edd. also
strook(e, stroke, strooken, strokoi)
1 to blast, destroy by malign influence Wint. i. ii.
201, Cor. II. ii. 118 struck Corioli like a planet. Ham.
I. i. 162.
2 to lower (sail), only fig. 2H4v. ii. 18 s. sail to spirits
of vile sort, 3H6 in. iii. 5 ; absol. R2 il i. 207 yet
ire strike not, 3H6 v. i. 52.
3 trans, and intr. =s. tip (which also occurs) Wint.
V. iii. 98 Music, awake her : s.!, R3 iv. iv. 149 s.
alarum, drums!, Troil. v. x. 30 S. a free march to
Troy, Tim. iv. iii. 176.
4 to fight (a battle) Ho ii. iv. 54 ]Yhen Cressy battle
fatally was struck.
5 to tap (a cask) Ant. ii. vii. 104 Sti-ike the vessels.
Strike off or away, cross out (a score), fig. blot out,
efface All'sW. v. iii. 56, Troil. ii. ii. 7, in. iii. 29,
0th. ni. iv. 178.
string : s-s of life, heart-strings Lr. v. iii. 218.
Stroke (1 only in R3 ; 2 cf. strike 4)
1 striking of a clock R3 in. ii. 5 Cpon the s. of four ;
rv. ii. 113 keep'sl the stroke, keepest on striking.
2 fighting (of a battle) Cym. v. v. 469.
Strond: strand, sea-shore Mer.V. i. i. 172, 1H4 i.
i. 4. ^ The usual fonn in old edd.
strong" (in Per. ii. iv. 34 by transference of epithet
^Yhose death's . . . the s-est in our censure = oi
whose death we are most strongly convinced)
1 resolute, determined R2 v. iii. 59 s., and 6. con-
spiracy, Tim. IV. iii. 45 s. thief, Lr. ii. i. 79 S. and
fasten d lillain (Ff strange).
2 stronger part, (?) main part All'sW. iv. iii. 65.
3 held strong, (app.) held finnly by Cses. v. i. 77
You know titaf I held Epicurus s.. And hisopinion.
strong-besieged: hard pressed by siege Lucr.
1429 slrong-lif sieged Troy.
strong-bonded : conveying a strong obligation
Conipl. 279 strong-bonded oath.
Strossers: brceksH5iii. vii.60s<»-n/<s. ^Somemod.
edd. alter unnecessarily to irossersf, trousset'sf.
Strow: variant of STREW.
stroyed: destroyed Ant. in. ix. [xi.] 54.
struck :
1 wounded 1H4 iv. ii. 21 a struck fowl.
2 = ' stricken ' R3 i. i. 92 Well s. in years (- of ad-
vanced age).
Strang: furnished with strings Gent. in. ii. 78,
LLL. IV. iii. 343.
stubborn (1 now felt rather as a transf. use of the
sense 'obstinate')
1 (of physical things) stiff, inflexible John iv. i. 67,
H8 v. iii. 23 stop their mouths with s. bits, Troil.
III. i. 165, Ham. in. iii. 70 stubborn knees.
2 hai-sh, rude, rough Tw.N. in. iv. 75, v. i. 373 sowc
s. and nnrourleous parts, Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 836 a
s. bear, 2H6 in. i. 3(0 this s. Cade, Lr. II. ii. 133 ;
(of verse) rugged LLL. iv. iii. 55 these s. lines.
stubbornness : roughness, harshness AYL. n. i.
19 That can translate the s. of fortune Into so quiet
and so sweet a style, 0th. iv. iii. 20hiss., his checks
and frowns.
stuck : = STOCCADO Tw.N. in. iv. 307 he rjiies me the
s. in with such a mortal motion (Capell A^ucA-mt),
Ham. IV. vii. 161 your venom'd stuck.
studied :
1 versed or practised (as in a part to be played)
Mer.V. II. ii. 211 well s. in a sad ostent To please his
grandam, Mac. I. iv. 9 s. in his death To throw
airay tlie dearest thing he ow'd, As . . .
2 diligent H8 lu. iL 169.
3 inclined 2H4 ii. ii. 10 so loosely s., Ant. ii. vi. 47
s/iiilitd for a lilieriil thanks.
Studious : diligent 1116 ii. v. 97 thy studious care.
studiously : ciirofiiUy 1H6 in. i. 2 s. devis'd.
Study sb. (' application to learning ' the main sense)
1 diligent endeavour, diligence AYL. v. ii. 86, John
IV. ii. 51 for the uhich myself and them Bend their
best studies, H8y. iii. 34 lliare laboured. And with no
tittle s., Lr. I. i. 279 Let your s. Be to content your
lord.
2 getting up a part MND. i. ii. 70 slow of study.
3 Ado IV. i. 227* his s. of imagination., ' his imagi-
native study or contemplation ' (Wright).
study vb. (3 cf. STUDY sb. 2 ; 4 occurs only in the
one passage)
1 intr. to think carefully, dwell in thought or be
intent {upon something), 'take thought' (for
something) Tp. n. i. 86 you make me s. of that,
Meas. II. iv. 7 The state, whereon I studied, 2H6 i. i.
91, 3H6 rv. iii. 38 to s.for the people's welfare, Ant.
v. ii. 10 study on what fair demands . . .
2 trans, to think carefully about, meditate upon,
devise Gent. in. i. 243 s. help for that . . . , R3 i.
li. 259 To s. fashions to adorn my body ; withinfin.
or clause LLL. l. i. 61 to s. where I well may dine,
1H6 III. i. 110 s. to prefer a peace, 2H6 in. i. Ill ;
to wonder how R2 v. v. 1,
3 to con, learn by heart, get up AYL. iir. ii. 292
from whence you have studied your quest ions, Tw. N.
I. v. 191, Ham. ii. ii. 573 [566] study a speech.
4 to an-ive at or work out by studious application
LLL. I. ii. 55, 57.
Stuff sb.: 0th. I. ii. 2* rery s. o' the conscience^an
absolute matter of conscience ; ' substance or
essence of the conscience ' (J,). Tj Used freely -
'matter" in a fig. sense, e.g. H8 ni. ii. 138 i'ou
are full of heavenly s.. Ham. n. ii. 332 [324] there
teas no such stuff in my thoughts.
stuff vb.: to fill out, complete Lr. in. v. 22 it will s.
his suspicion more fully ; with up Lucr. 297 his
servile powers, Who . , . Stuff up his lust.
stuffed :
1 full Ado I. i. 60 a s. man (viz. with eating) ; fig.
Wint. II. i. 18i stuff'd sufficiency.
2 s. with, full of Ado' I. i, 58, Rom. in. v. 183.
3 having a heavy cold Ado in. iv. 64. [night.
stiunbling: causing stumbling John v. v. 18 s.
sty: to coop up as in a sty Tp. i. ii. 342.
Stygian: of the river .S^yz (Troil. v. iv. 21), which
flowed through the infernal regions Troil. in. ii.
the Stygian banks.
Style: title Wiv. n. ii. 302 I tcill agi/ravalc his s.,
AU'sW. II. iii. 204, 1H6 iv. vii. 72 Here is a silly
stately s. indeed!, 2H6i. i. 112 King Beignier, xchose
lare/es. ...,!. iii. 51. Tj For quibbles between
style and stile see Ado v. ii. 6, LLL. i. i. 199, iv.
i. 99, 100.
sub-contracted : betrothed for the second time
Lr. v. iii. 87.
subdue: to make subject to punishment Cor, i. i.
181 him . . . whose offence subdues him.
15
SUBDUED -
214
- SUDDENLY
subdnad : made subject, subservient to Tp. i. ii.
486 ihis man's threats, To nliom lam s., 0th. I. iii.
252, Ant. IV. xii. [xiv.] Hliisfaces-dTo penetrance
shaiiK, Sonn. cxi. 6.
subduement : conquest Troil. iv. v. 186.
subject sb. (1 with ilie or possessive pron.)
1 people or subjects of a state (collectively) Meas. ii.
IV. 28 The general s., in. ii. WJ the greater Jilt of the
s., Wint. I. i. 43('aeordialto thestate', J.), Hani.
I. i. 72 the s. of the land, ii. 33 the levies . . , are all
made Out of his s. ; fig. Per. ii. i. 53 the finny s. of
the sea.
2 creature, 'object ' Cor. ii. i. 95 such ridiculous s-s
as yon are, Rom. in. v. 212 so soft a s. as myself.
3 something liaving an independent existence
Meas. V. i. 451 Thoughts are no subjects.
submission: acknowle Igement or admission of
fault \Viv. IV. iv. 11 as extreme in s. As in offence,
1H4 III. ii. 28 Findpardonon my true s., Rom. iii.
i. 78.
submit: to expose (oneselO Ca;s. i. iii. 47 Snhmit-
tinij me unto the perilous night.
suborn : to procure (a person) to do an evil action,
esp. to bear false vyitness Err. iv. iv. 81 Thou hast
s-(l fhi i/ohlsinith to arrest me, R3 rv. iii. 4, Mac. ii.
iv. 24, Sonn. cxxv. 13 Hence, thou s-'d informer .'.
subornation: procuringaperson to doanevilact ion
IHl I. iii. 163 murd'rous s. ( = seeret prompting to
imii'der), 2H6 in. i. 45, Lucr. 919 perjury and s.
subscribe (Lr. in. vii. 65* All cruels else sitbscrib'd ;
Yi' subscribe : see tlie comni.)
1 to sign (one's name) LLL. i. i. 19 ; to put (one)
down/o)- R2 i. iv. 50 They shall s. them for large
sums of golel.
2 intr. to sign one's name Ant. iv. v. 14 ^yrite to
him — I will subscribe.
3 to admit, acknowledge, assent to Meas. ii. iv. 90
As I s. not that, Ado v. ii. 61 / will s. Iiim a coirard,
Troil. II. iii. 157 Will you s. his thought?; intr. to
admit one's inferiority or error 1H6 ii. iv. 41, 2H6
III. i. 38.
4 to snnonder, yield Lr. l. ii. 24 s-'d his power.
subscribe for, (1) make an undertaking on behalf
of Alio I. i. 41 ; (2) answer for (a person) All'sW.
in. vi. 88, IV. V. 34; subscribe to, (1) sign one's
name to an undertaking, give full assent to LLL.
I. i. 23 S. to your deep oeiths, Per. ir. v. 09 ;/ my . . .
hand [did] s. To any syllable that made love to you ;
(2) acknowledge, admit Gent. v. iv. 145, All'sW.
V. iii. 96 ivtien I had s-d To mine own fortune ; (3)
yield or submit to Shr. i. i. 81, Troil. i v. v. 105 s-«'
To tender objects. Tit. iv. ii. 131 s. tothy advice, Sonn.
evii. 10 Death to me subscribes.
subscription: submission Lr. in. ii. 18.
substance (often, in different senses, contrasted
witli shadoir, show) [i. 329*.
1 in the s., in the mass or gross weight Mer.V. iv.
2 applied to the human form Mac. i. v. 50 yottr
sightless s-s ( = invisible forms) ; hence app. crea-
ture, being Lr. l. i. 201* that little seeming s.. Per.
II. i. 3 earthly man Is but a s. tlutt must yield to yon.
5 (app.) substantial wealth Troil. i. iii. 324* perspicu-
ous even as substatice.
substitute : deputy Meas. v. i. 140, Mer.V. v. i.
94 ; by suhs/, late, by proxy R3 in. vii. ISO.
substituted : delegated (to the position of leader)
2H4 I. iii. 84 substitul(el gaitist the French.
substitution : oat o' the s., in consec^uence of being
my deputy Tp. I. ii. 103. [38.
substractor: perversion of 'detractor' Tw.X. i. iii.
subtle ( • cunning ', ' crafty ', ' treacherous ', are the
prevailing meanings)
1 tine, delicate (fig.) Tp. ii. i. 42 ofs., tender, anddeli-
cait Itmperutice, Iml, m, ii. 23 aomejoy , . , Too a.,
potent (mod. edd. subtle-potent), v. ii. 148 a point
as subtle As Ariachne's broken woof. [20.
2 (ofground)deceptivelysmooth, 'tricky' Cor. y.ii.
3 (?) having a treacherous influence Tim. IV. iii. 435
the subtle blood o' tliegrape.
subtlety: illusion Tp. v. i. 124 taste Some subtleties
ii' the isle ; with a ref. to the use ofs. in cookery for
' a fantastic device in pastry or confectionery '.
suburbs: in Cses. n. i. 285 in the s. Of your good
pleasure (i.e. affection), tliere is allusion to tlie fact
that Women of bad character lived in the sulnirbs
of London ; cf. line 287.
succeed (1 also in ppl. adj. succeeding)
1 to follow 2H6 II. iv. 2 etfter sumnnr . . . s-s Barren
winter, H8 v. v. 24, 0th. n. i. 196, Per. I. ii. 83 what
was past, what might s. ; trans. Per. I. iv. 104 The
curse of heaven and men succeed their evils ; to come
topassLr. i. ii.l<heeffectshewritesofs. unhappily.
2 = ' succeed to ', inherit Meas. ii. iv. 124.
3 to come down by inheritance, devolve on All'sW.
III. vii. 23, Otli. V. ii. 366 seize upon tite fortunes of
the Moor, For they s. on you (Qq s. to you) ; fig.
Per. 1. i. 114.
success (2 freq. in good s., beid s.; 3 the mod. sense
of ' prosperous issue ' is the commonest)
1 succession, descent as from father to son Wint. i.
ii. 394 our parents' noble names, hi whose s. we are
gentle, 2H4 iv. ii. 47 Atul so s. of mischief shall be
born.
2 what follows as the result of action or in the
course of events, issue, result, fortune (good or
bad) Gent. i. i. 58 thij s. in love, AU'sW. i. iii. 255
to trij s.. in. vi. 85, Troil. ii. ii. 117, 0th. in. iii. 222
snih I lie xii'-ress. Ant. in. v. 6 what is the successt.
3 of sari es^. successful All'sW. iv. iii. 100.
successantly * : (a) following after anotlier, (b)
succerssfully Tit. iv. iv. 112. [i. ii. 165.
successfully: /ooAs s., seems likely to succeed AY L.
succession (Tim. ii. ii. 20 to the s. of new days =
from one day to another)
1 followaig in another's steps All'sW. iii. v. 24
(j-ample . . . cannot for all that dissuade succession.
2 futurity, the futm-e Err. in. i. 105 slander lives
upon succession. Ham. ii. ii. 376 [368].
3 successors or heirs collectively Cyrn. in. i. 8 /or
him And his succession, in. iii. 102.
successive: «. heir, heir by succession 2H6 in. i.
49, Sonn. cxxvii. 3 ; «. title, title to the succession
Tit. I. i. 4.
successively : by right of succession 2H4 iv. v.
200, K3 in. vii. 134.
successor : descendant Wiv. i. i. 14, H8 i. i. 60.
such : no .v., no very great Ant. in. iii. 41 by him.
This creature's no such thing.
sudden (1 cf. 'sudden death ' in the Litany)
1 not prepared or provided for John v. vi. 26 arm
you to the sudden time.
2 (of speech) extempore 1H6 in. i. 6 s.andextemporal
speech, H8 v. iii. 122 qood at s. commendations.
3 swift or speedy in action Tp. ii. i. 314 [306], AYL.
V. ii. 8 my s. ivooing, John iv. i. 27 I irill be s. and
dispatch, 3H6 v. v. 86 He's s. if a tiling comes in his
heeul, Cres. in. i. 19, Ham. i. v. 68.
4 happening or performed immediately, immediate,
very early Meas. ii. ii. 83 To-morrow 1 0, that's s..',
Hivm. v. ii. 46 put to s. death, 0th. iv. ii. 192 f.t
pectations . . . ofsueldcn respect.
5 impetuous, 'heady', violent AYL. ii. vii. 151 v.
and quick in quarrel. Mac. iv. iii. 69, 0th. ii. i. 281 :
of stoiTus R2 11. i. 35, 2H4 iv. iv. 34.
6 rash Cor. ii. iii. 259 revoke Your s. approbation \
also as adv. LLL. n. i. 107 too sudden bold.
suddenly (2 almost as fre i. as tlie sense ' unex'
pectcdly, without warning')
SUE-
215
— SUPER-
1 without prepaiiitioii or premeditation, extem-
pore 1H6 III. i. 5 without itiiieniion, s., 2H6 ii. i.
129, H8 III. i. 69 to make i/c mtddenlij <in answer.
2 iu a very short time, immt'iliately, very soon, at
once Wiv. iv. i. 6 ihsii\s yun to come s., AYL. il.
iv. 101 / will . . . bill/ it . . . riijht s., 1H4 I. iii.
295 When time is ripe,— which will be s., Ham. ii.
ii. 219 / will . . . s. contrive the nuuns of meeting
between hint mid my dauyhter, Lucr. 1683.
sue (tlie gen. sense of ' teg, entreat ', trans, and
intr., is tlie main one)
1 to make legal claim to Sonn. cxxxiv. 11 ; see
also LlVEKV ; also intr. LLL. v. ii. 428 how can
this be true, TItat you steind forfeit, being those that
sue (witli play on tlie gen. sense).
2 to move for (a writ) H8 in. ii. 342.
suffer (1 and 2 are special uses of the sense 'allow,
permit ', which is freq., esp. with infln.)
1 'to acquiesce, put up with anything' (Schmidt)
C<es. II. i. 130 such sufftring souls That welcome
wrongs, 0th. v. ii. 255 Tliou hast no weapon, and
perforce must suffer.
2 pass, to be allowed full liberty or scope, not to
Be checked 2H4 ll. iii. 57, 2H6 in. ii. 262 being
s-'(l in that harmful slumber, v. i. 153 [a cur] being
s-'el with the bear's fell paic ; of a fil'e 3H6 iv. viii.
8, Yen. 388.
3 to sustain loss, injury, or damage Tw.N. n. v.
144 that s-s under prfjbution, Tim. i. i. 166, Lr. iv.
ii. 53, Sonn. cxxiv. 6.
4 =' sutler death,' (hence gen.) to perish Tp. ii. ii.
39 an islander, that hath lately s-ed by a thundir-
bolt, Meas. II. ii. 107, Mac. iii. ii. 16 let . . . both
the worlds suffer.
sufferance (5 cf. suffer 4)
1 permission, esp. allowing things to take their
course without check or opposition AYL ii. ii. 3
Are of consent anel s. in this, H5 ii. ii. 46 by his s.
( = by neglecting to punish him), 3H6 i. i. 234,
Troil. II. i. 104 Your last service was s., Cym, ill.
v. 35 (see slight 2), Sonn. Iviii. 7*.
2 forbearance, endurance Ado i. iii. 10 a patient s.,
Mer.V. I. iii. Ill, &c.. Cor. iii. i. 24 Against all
noble s. ( = so that none of the nobility can en-
dure it^
3 suffering, distress, pain Meas. ii. iv. 168 lim/er-
iny s.. Ado v. i. 38, 1H4 v. i. 51, 2H4 v. iv. 27 of
s. comes ease, Cses. il. i. 115 The s. of our souls,
Lr. III. vi. 115.
4 damage, injury 0th. ii. i. 23.
5 sutfering the penalty of death H5 ii. ii. 159.
suffice: to satisfy, content AYL ir. vii. 131 till he
be first s-'d, . . . I inll not touch a bit, John I. i.
191, Lucr. 1112, Sonn. xxxvii. 11 I in thy nbun-
danceam sufficd ; rcfl. AU'sW. ill. v. 10.
sufficient (1 cf. sufficiency, e.g. 0th. i. iii. 225)
1 able, tit for an ortice or position Meas. ii. i. 288
men . . . sufficient to serve it, 2H4 in. ii. 104, 0th.
III. iv. 91 You'll never meet a more sufficient man.
2 able to meet liabilities, solvent Mer.V. i.iii. 17, 27.
suffocate pa.pple.: sutfocateil 2H6 i. i. 125 For
Suffolk's duke, may he be suffocate, Troil. I. iii, 125.
SUg'g'est (the mod. meaning also occurs)
1 to prompt (a person) R2 i. i. 101 he did . . . S. his
soon-believing adversaries. Cor. ii. i. 264 We must s.
the peojile . . ., Sonn. cxliv. 2 1V7(ic/i like two spirits
do suggest me still.
2 to tempt, lead astray Gent. iii. i. 34 tender youth
is soon s-ed, All'sW. iv. v. 48 to s. thee from thy
master, R2 in. iv. 75, H5 n. ii. 114 devils'lhat s. by
treasons, 0th. ll. iii. 361, Lucr. 37.
SUgg^estion (1 the prevailing sense ; 2 taken over
from Holinshed)
1 prompting or urging to evil, temptation Tp. ii. i.
296 [2iiS], IV. i. 26, John in. i. 292 these ijnldij loose
s-s, Mac. I. iii. 134, Lr. n. i. 75 thy s.', plot, and
damned practice ; instigation R3 in. ii. 100.
2 (?) ' crafty dealing' (Wright) H8 iv. ii. 35.
suit (1 cf. the old term 'suitof court ', 'suit service",
= attendance, which a Tenant owes to the Court
of his Lord (Blount's Law Diet., 1691) ; there are
various quibbles between the sense ' prosecution
at law, legal action ' or ' petition, entreaty ', and
that of ' dress, apparel ', e. g. Err. iv. iii. 25, AY^L.
II. vii. 44, IV. i. 89, 91, 1H4 1. ii. 81)
1 attendance at the court of a liege lord Meas. iv. iv.
19 men of sort and s. (i.e. such as owed such at-
tendance), Compl. 234* her noble s. in court (? her
attendance at court as a lady of rank) ; out of s-s
with, not in the service of AY'L. i. ii. 263 ; so'also
app. (with quibble) LLL. v. ii. 276 out of all suit.
2 fig. uses of the meaning ' dress, apparel ' Mer.V.
II. ii. 217 put on Your boldest s. of mirth. Ham. i.
ii. 86 the s-s of urn ; (hence) phr. Shr. Ind. i. 106
dress'd in all suits like ei lady (? in all points).
suit vb. (1 see also suited)
1 to clothe, dress AYL. i. iii. 119, Cym. v. i. 23
I'll . . .s. myself As does a Briton peasant; fig.
H5 IV. ii. 53 description cannot s. itself in words,
Sonn. cxxxii. 12 And s. tliy pity like in tvirij part.
2 to agree or accord with Tw.N. i. ii. 48, H'5 i. ii.
17, Mac. n. i. 60.
suited : clothed, apparelled Mer.V. i. ii. 78, Lr. iv.
vii. 6 ; fig. Sonn. cxxvii. 10.
sullen (the current mod. sense is freq.)
1 melancholy, mournful, dismal K2 i. iii. 227 s.
sorrow (Ff sudden), v. vi. 48 s. black, 2H4 i. i. 102
(I s. bell, Rom. iv. v. 88 ; depressing 0th. iii. iv.
52 a salt and sullen rhnini {('{sorry).
2 dark, dull 1H4 i. ii. 23Htke bright metal on. a s.
ground, 2H6 i. ii. 5 the s. earth, Sonn. xxix. 12
From sullen earth.
SUUens (once) : dumps R2 ii. i. 139.
sully: blemish Ham. n. i. 39.
sulphur : lightning Cor. v. iii. 152 ; cf. Meas. ii. ii.
115 thy . . . sulphitrous bolt.
sum : the sum, tell me all briefly, be brief Ant. i. i.
18; cf. Per. in. Gower 33 The sum of this :—
grand sum, grand total H8 in. ii. '294.
sumless : incalculable H5 i. ii. 165.
summer : used attrib. or in genitive = pleasant
Cym. in. iv. 12 summer :iews, Sonn. xcviii. 7 any
summer's story (= ' some gay fiction ', Malone).
summered : kept during the summer H5 v. ii. 334.
s\immer-liouse : (?) country house to spend the
summer in 1H4 in. i. 163.
summer-seeming : (app.) transitory, like summer
Mac. IV. iii. 86.
summon : to call to surrender Cor. i. iv. 7.
summoner: officer who haied offenders before the
ecclesiastical courts (fig.) Lr. iii. ii. 59 cry These
dreadful summoncrs greice.
sumpter : pack-horse ; fig. drudge Lr. ii. iv. 219.
sun : from sun to sun\ (Capell), from day to day R2
IV. i. 55 (old add. from sinne to sinne) ; so 'twixi
sun and sun Cym. in. ii. 69 ; live in the sun, live
free and careless life AYL. n. v. 39; (?) simi-
larly in Ham. i. ii. 67*, but the allusion here is
disputed.
sunburnt: (euphemistically) not a beauty (or beau-
ties) Ado II. i. 333, Troil. i. iii. 282.
Sunday citizens : citizens iu their Sunday clothes
1H4 III. i. 260.
sup : to feed I,LL. v. ii. 696 no more man's blood . . .
than will sup a flea, Shr. Ind. i. 28.
super-: = excessively, over-, in super-dainty Shr.
II. i. 189, -pruise RSi>, lu, ii. 153, 'ttubtle 0th. i,
iii. 363.
SUFEBFINICAI.
- SUSTAINING
superfinical: see finical, Lr. ii. ii. 19 (Qq super-
finiciiU roijne, Ff sttperseruiceable Jinicall).
superfluous (in Per. i. iv. 54 by transference in
epithet s. riots = riotous revelling in luxuries)
1 excessive H8 i. i. 99 At a snpcffluous rate.
2 liaving more than enough AU'sW. i. i. 117, Lr. ii.
iv. 268 our basest bcyi/dr.s Are in the poorest tin mj s. ,
IV. i. 68 superfluous ami lust-dieted man.
superflux: supertluity Lr. iii. iv. 35.
supernal : heavenly John ii. i. 112 tluit s.jiuhje.
superscript: aklress of a letter LLL. iv. ii. 137 ;
so superscription 1H6 iv. i. 53, Tim. ii. ii. 82.
super serviceable^ : (a) above his work (Wrightj,
(hi over-otlicious (J.) Lr. ii. ii. 19.
supervise sb. (once) : on the s., at the first perusal
Ham. V. ii. 2:5.
supervise vb. (once) : to look over, peruse LLL. iv.
ii. rJ5 ht lite supercise the canzonet.
supervisor (once) : looker-on 0th. iii. iii. 396 (Q i ;
the rest siipervisioti).
Euppli'ance (once) : s.ofa minute, diversion to fill
up a minute Ham. i. iii. 9. [in. vii. 14.
suppli'ant, mod. edd. supplyant: au.xiliary Cym.
supply sb. (in H5 i. Chor. HI for the ichich s. = for
the supply of which)
1 aid, relief Tim. u. i. 27, Ham. li. ii. 24.
2 sing, and pi. auxiliaiy forces, reinforcements
John V. iii. 9 the great s. . . . Are wrack'd, 2H4 iv.
ii. 45 We have suppliis to second our attempt, 1H6 1.
i. 159, Cym. iv. iii. 25.
Siipply vb. :
1 to reinforce Mac. i. ii. 13.
2 to satisfy the desires of, gratify Meas. v. i. 206,
0th. IV. i. 28. [182.
supplyment: continuance of supply Cym. in. iv.
support: to endure Lr. v. iii. 199, 0th. i. iii. 260.
supportaljle : endurable Tp. v. i. 145.
supportance: support R2 in. iv. 32 Gire some s. to
the hindiiifi tirii/s ; maintenance Tw.N. m. iv. 333
for the supiioviance of his row.
supposal: estimate, opinion Ham. i. ii. 18.
suppose sb.: supposition, coniecture Shr. v. i. 120"*,
Troil. I. iii. 11 we come short of our s.. Tit. i. i. 410
on vain suppose.
suppose vb. (2 Cf. SUPPOSED 1, SUPPOSING)
1 to form an idea of 1H6 iv. i. 186 more furious . . .
broils Than yet can be imagined or s-'d, Sonn. 1 vii.
10 or your affairs suppose.
2 to picture to oneself, imagine H5 i. Chor. 19, in.
Chor. 3, Per. v. ii. 5.
3 to presume the truth of, conjecture Err. in. i. 101
supposed by tlie common rout.
supposed :
1 imaginary Lucr. 455 maJces supposed terror true.
2 pi-e tended Wiv. iv. iv. Q3 the s. fairies, Shr. ii. i.
402, 3H6 in. iii. 22;i false Edward, thy s. kiny, Tim.
V. i. 16 m this s. (listnss of his, Lr. v. iii. 113.
supposing' : imagination Per. v. Gower 21 In your
supposiiii/ . . . put your sir/lit Of heetvy Pericles.
supposition : ;/( ,v. , of doubtful existence Mer. V. i.
iii. 17.
Giipreme sb.: chief Ven. ^d(j Imperious su'preiiie of
(ill mortal tliiiiy^.
sur-addition : additional title or name Cym. i. i. 33
f/ainel the sur-addition Leonatus.
surance (once) : assurance Tit. v. ii. 46.
surcease sb. (once) : cessation Mac. i. vii. 4.
surcease vb.: to cease Cor. in. ii. 121 Lest I s. to
honour mine own truth, I?om. iv. i.97 no pidse Shalt
keep his native proyress, hut surcease, Lucr. 1766.
sure adj. (in various senses, of which the foil, are
now more or less rare)
1 in safety, safe Gent. v. i. 12, Wiv. iv. ii. 6 sure of
your husband (i.e. safe from), I\3 iii, ii, 83, Tim.
III. iii. 4U Doors . . . must be employ'd Xow to yuard
sure their master.
2 unable to do liarm, harmless; (with the vb. malce
= disable, destroy) 1H4 v. iii. 48, iv. 127, Tit. ii.
iii. 133, 187, Per. i. i. 169 ; (with the vb. bind) Tit.
v. ii. 161, 166 ; (with the vbs. hold, guard) 2H4 li.
i. 29, IV. iii. 81, 2H6 in. i. 188, Tit. v. ii. 76.
3 reliable Ado i. iii. 71 You are both s., and loill assist
me ?, 1H4 III. i. 1, Cor. i. i. 178 no s-r . . . Tlian is
the coed of fire upon the ice, Tit. v. i. 100 .4* sure a
iftrd as ever won the set.
4 indissolubly joined, firmly united Wiv. v. v. 249
[237] she and I . . . Are now so s., LLL. v. ii. 286
iHunanu is mine, as s. as bark on tree, AYL. V. iv.
142 I'ouand you are sure togetlier.
sure adv. (very freq. in the sense ' certainly, as-
suredly ', e. g. Tp. II. i. 334 [325] he is, sure, i ' tlie
island)
1 safely Cies. iv. i. 47 How . . . open perils [may he]
surest answered.
2 infallibly Ham. ii. ii. 47 this brain . . . Hunts not
the trait of policy so sure . , .
surety sb. (1 cf. security ; 5 whence the concr.
sense ' bail ', e. g. Tp. i. ii. 472, Sonn. cxxxiv. 7)
1 feeling of security Troil. ii. ii. 14 The tvound of
peace is surety. Surety secure.
2 certainty 0th. i. iii. 396 o* if for surely ( = as if
the thing were certain).
3 stability John v. vii. 68 WJiat s. of the world, what
hope, trhat stay . . . ?.
4 reliable support Troil. i. iii. 220.
5 guarantee, warrant, ratification LLL. n. i. 134,
All'sW. V. iii. lUS She calVd the saints to s., John
in. i. 282, H5 v. ii. 400 we'll take your oath . . . for
surety of our hagues, Troil. v. ii. 68.
surety vb.: to be suretv or bail for All'sW. v. iii.
302, Cor. ni. i. 177 IVtV/ surely him.
surmise sb. ('suspicion' i.'s the chief sense)
1 thought, reflection Lucr. 83, 1579.
2 conjecture, speculation 2H4 i. iii. 23 Conjecture,
expectation, and s. Of aids incertain, Mac. I.' iii. 141
function Is smothcr'd in surmise,
surmise vb.: to imagine, conjecture (trans, and
intr.) 2H6 in. ii. 347, Troil. i. iii. 17 the thought
That gare't s-d sliapc, Ham. ll. ii. 108 now, gather,
(lull surmise.
surprise : to perplex, bewilder, dumbfound Wint.
III. i. 10 tlie ear-deafening voice , , . so s-d my sense,
Tit. II. iii. 211 s-d with an uncoutli fear, Tim. v. i.
161 Yon . . . S. me to the very brink of tears, Ven.
8;i0, 1049.
surrein'd : over-ridden H5 ni. v. 19 s. jades.
survey : to perceive, notice Mae. i. ii. 31 s-ing van-
tage ( = seeing his opportunity). T[ The main
sense is ' view, look upon'.
surveyor: overseer of a household, estate, &c.
2H6_iii. i. 253 To malce the fox s. of the fold, H8 I.
i. 115 The Duke of Buckingham's snrveijor.
suspect : suspicion Err. in. i. 87, 2H6 in. i. 140
(old edd. mispi'inted suspence), 3H6 rv. L 142,
Sonn. Ixx. 13 some suspect if ill.
stispicion (possessive pronouns when qualifying
s. are usu. subjective, e.g. Wiv. iv. ii. 37, but
occas. as in objective Tit. ii. iii. 298 their s.^the
suspicion they are under, Lr. in. v. 22)
1 ofs., under suspicion, suspected Rom. v. iii. 222 ;
in strong s., much to be suspected Wint. v. ii. 31 ;
out of ei'll s., beyond a doubt Ado li. iii. 177 [166],
2 suspicious circumstance Rom. v. iii. 187.
suspiration: breathing Ham. i. ii. 79.
siispire: to brcatlie, draw breath John in. iv. 80,
2114 IV. V. 32.
sustain : rcfl. to have its place 0th. v. ii. 259.
sustaining ; bearing (them) up in the water Tp.
SUTLEB-
217
SWOLN
I. ii. 218* their s. garments ; nourishing Lr. rv.iv.
G our sustaining corn.
Butler : one who sells provisions to soldiers in a
camp or garrison H5 ii. i. 116.
Sutton Cophill (mod. edd. Co'jii) : Sutton Cold-
field iu Warwickshire 1H4 iv. ii. 3.
swabber : one of ' the Sorriest Sea-men put to Wasli
and clean tlie Ship ' (Diet, of Canting Crew) Tp.
II. ii. 49, Tw.N. I. V. 217.
swaddling'-clouts : handages in which new-born
cliildren were wrapped Ham. ii. ii. 411 [401] (Qq).
swag'-bellied : pendulous-paunchedOth. ii. iii. 81.
swagg'er : to play the boaster or bully, bluster,
' hector ' Tw.N. v. i. 411 uhenlcume, alas .' to wive,
. . . By s-ing could I never thrice, 2H4 ii. iv. 100 he
will not s. with a llarbary hen, 0th. il. iii. 283
squabble, s., swear ; trans. Troil. v. ii. 133 Will he
s. himself out on 's own eyes ?, Lr. iv. vi. 244 zwag-
qirid out of my life. [ii. iv. 82.
swaggerer: blusterer, bully AYL. iv. iii. 15, 2H4
swain: young man in love Gent. iv. ii. 41 what is
she. That all our s-s commend her?, Troil. iii. ii.
180 True swains in love.
swallow : fig. to retract (a promise) Meas. iii. i.
234 snallowed his cows whole.
swan: ref. to as singing shortly before its deatli
0th. V. ii. 245, Plioen. 15 ; cf. swan-like Mer.V.
III. ii. 44 /le makes a s. end. Fading in music.
swart : swarthy, dark Err. in. ii. 105 S. , like my shoe,
1H6 I. ii. 84 ; so swart-complexion'd Sonii.
xxviii. 11 the swart-conwU xiond night.
swarth. sb.: fig. ' heap ' Tw.N. ii. iii. 164 an. .. ass,
that cons stale wtlltoul book, and utters it by great
swarthy'. ^ A variant form of swath.
swarth, swarthy, swarty (each once) : dark-
complexioned Tit. II. iii. 72 (Ff) your swarlh
Cimmerian (Qq snarly) ; Gent. ii. vi. 26 a swarthy
F.thiope.
swasher: bully, braggadocio H5 ni. ii. 31 ; so
swashing, blustering AYL. i. iii. 123 a s. and a
meiriial outside ; (?) dasliing, swinging Rom. i. i.
69 thy s. blow (Ff Qq^?. washing). 'i\ ' Swash ' is
to clash swords on bucklers or shields ; ' swash-
buckler ' is not S.
swath (1 cf. SWARTH)
1 tlio quantity cut by the mower with one sweep
of the scythe TroiL v. v. 25.
2 swaddling-clothes Tiin. iv. iii. 253 our first s. (i.e.
earliest infancy).
swathing-clothes, -clouts: swaddling-clothes
1H4 III. ii. 112 (Ff siralhing, Qq swallding clothis),
Ham. II. ii. 411 [401] (Ff swalhing, Qq sivadlnig
clouts), Cym. r. i.b9 swathing clothes.
sway sb. (in C«s. i. iii. 3 all the sway of earth*,
? = equable motion, or settled order)
1 management, direction, control John ii. i. 578
This s. of motion, Cor. ir. iii. 190 «. o' the stale,
Sonn. Ixvi. 8 /nHp/«^ ^w?/ (-misdirection).
2 rule, sovereignty Tp. i. ii. 112 So dry he was for s.,
Mer.V. IV. i. 193 this sceptred sway, Mac. i. v. 71.
sway vb. (3 these two passages are by some referred
to sense 2)
1 to liave under control, manage, direct Ado rv. i.
203 let my counsel s. you, John i. i. 13 the sword
Which s-s usurpingly these several titles, Ant. ii.
ii. 155 The heart of brothers govern in ottr loves And
sway our great designs.
2 to bear liile or sway Tw.N. iv. i. 56 Let thy fair
wisdom, not thy passion, .?., 1H6 iii. ii. 135 A gentler
heart did 7iecer sway in court, Cor. ll. i. 222.
3 to be directed in one's movements Tw.N. ii. iv.
31* So sways she ^ece/ (= maintains a steady course),
Mac. V. iii. 9' The mnid I sway by.
4 sway on, (?) move on 2H4 iv. i. 24*.
swayedt (Hanmer) : s. in the back, sunk in the back-
bone Shr. III. ii. 57 (old edd. Weiid).
swear (pa.t. occas. sware 2H4 in. ii. 345)
1 to take oath of allegiance Mac. iv. ii. 47 [a traitor]
one that sitcars and lies.
2 =to swear by John iil. i. 281 the thing thou s-'st,
Lr. I. i. 163 Thou swear'st thy gods m cam.
3 to administer an oath to, make (one) swear Mcas.
IV. ii. 195, H8 I. ii. 165 Whom. . . He solemnly laid
sworn, Caes. ii. i. 129, v. iii. 38 / swore thee . . .
TItat . . .
swear out, forswear, renounce solemnly LLL. ii. i.
104 your grace hath sworn out house-keeping ;
swear over, outswear Wint. i. ii. 424.
sweat sb. : the sweating sickness, a form of the
plague Meas. i. ii. 89. [5().
sweat vb.: to take the sweating cure Troil. v. x.
sweet sb. : perfume (of a flower) Sonn. xcix. 2, 15.
sweet ad.j. :
1 perfumed, scented Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 252 s. gloves,
Tit. II. iv. 6 call for sweet water.
2 (of the heavens or heavenly powers) gracious,
'dear' LLL. in. i. 70s. welkin, Ham. in. iii. 45//(«
s. Iieacens, Lr. I. v. 51 let me not be mad, . . . sweet
heeicen, 0th. n. 1. 19S Amen to thett, sweet powers.'.
3 dear to 1H6 iv. vi. 55 Thy life to me is s., Sonn.
cxxxvi. 12.
4 sweet-tongued, eloquent 2H6 iv. i. 136 s. Tully.
sweet-and-twenty : term of endearment Tw.N. ii.
iii. 54' (see twenty).
sweet heart : as a term of affectionate address,
usu. printed as two words in old edd. (cf. heart3)
A\iv. IV. ii. 12, 2H4 n. iv. 24, Rom. iv. v. 3.
sweeting :
1 sweet kind ofaiple Rom. ii. iv. 86.
2 term of endearment Shr. iv. iii. 36, 0th. il. iii. 254.
sweetness: (?) self-indulgence Meas. ii. iv. 46.
sweet-seasoned : (of rain) soft Sonn. Ixxv. 2. [7.
sweet-suggesting : sweetly seductive Gent. ii. vi.
swell'd: inflated Cym. v. v. 163 swell'd boast.
swelling :
1 full to bursting or overflowing 1H4 in. i. 201 these
s. heaans ( = eyes filled with tears). Tit. v. iii. 13
venomous malice of my swelling heart.
2 inflated with pride (Jth. ii. iii. 58; inflated with
anger R2 i. i. 201 The s. difference of your settled
hate, R3 ii. i. 51 swelling wrong-incensed peers,
3 pompous, ostentatious Mer.V. i. i. 125.
4 increasing in interest and grandeur H5 i. Chor. 4
tlic s. scene, Mac. l. iii. 128 happy prologues to the
sirelling act Of the imperial theme.
swelter'd : caused to exude Mac. rv. i. 8.
swerve : to go astray, err Cym. v. i v. 129.
swift: vdAily-wiited AYL. v. iv. 65 s.and sententious ;
cf. Ado in. i. 89, Shr. v. ii. 54.
swill: to swallow greedily, gulp down R3 v. ii. 9
The . . . boar, Tliat . . . S-s your warm blood like
wash ; fig. H5 in. i. 14 [the rock's] base, SwiU'd with
( = by) the wild and wasteful ocean.
swim (pa.t. and pa.pple. swam and sworn) : to float
AYL. IV. i. 40 you have swam in a gondola, Cxs. v.
i. 67 sivim bark I.
swinge : to thrash, belabour Gent. u. i. 91, John ii.
i. 288, 2H4v. iv. 21.
swinge-buckler : roisterer 2H4 in. ii. 24.
swinish: gross Ham. i. iv. 19 with swinish phrase.
switch : .«. and spurs, at full gallop, as hard as one
can go Rom. ii. iv. 75 (old edd. swits).
Swithald (Qq), Swithold (Ff) : St. Vitalis, who
wasapp. invoked in cases of niglitmaie Lr. ni. iv.
123 S. footed thrice the old (Theobald St. Wilhold^).
Switzers : Swiss guards Ham. iv.v. 97 (Qq Swissers).
swoln : inflated, bombastic Troil. ii. iii. 165 such s.
eind hot discourse.
SWOON -
218
— TAINT
swoon: in old edd. the foil, forms occur— 1 swoun,
sKoini, 2 sicoon, 3 swound, 4 snooml, 5 sound.
swoopstake (old edJ. soopstnke) : lit. drawing tlio
wliole stake at once ; (lience) indiscriminately
Ham. IV. V. 141 s., you nill draw hoth friend and foe.
sword (see dagger 1, eat 1)
1 symbol of resal or other power Meas. in. ii. 283
[275J He, who the s. of heaven will heitr, John I. i. 12,
2H6 IV. iii. 14 the Mayor s .?., R3 iv. iv. 470 is the
s. iinsway'd?, Otli. V. ii. 17 that dost almost persuadt
.luslice to break her sword.
2 oatlis were taken on the sword because the hilt is
in the form of a cross H2 i. iii. 179, Ham. i. v.
147, 154.
Bwovd and buckler: fencing weapons in common
use fill the end of the 10th cent., but in S.'s time
supplanted in gentlemen's use by rapier and
dagger ; used attrib. - ruffianly 1H4 1. iii. 230 that
same snwd-and-huckler I'rhice of Wales. [31.
sworder: g!adiator2H6iv. i. 135, Ant. iii. xi. [xiii.]
swordnian(once): fighter All'sAV.ii.i. 62. ^Neither
'swurdsnian' nor the Eliz. 'sword-player' is
used by S.
sworn (3 in mediaeval chivalry 'fratres jurati '
wei-e men who had taken an oath to share each
others' fortunes ; 4 developed from sworn foe 3Htj
HI. iii. 257, siivrn enemy Tw.N. lu. iv. 189)
1 sworn counsel, pledged secrecy All'sW. iii. vii. 9.
2 l)ound by a tie or obligation, (of a friend) close,
intimate Wint. l. ii. 167 Xow my s. friend, H8 i.
ii. 191 heiufi my s. servant, Lr. lii. iv. 81 commit
not with man's s. spouse, Cym. ii. iv. 125 her at-
tendants ecre All sworn and honourable.
3 s. brother, one pledged to another in comrade-
ship, close or intimate friend Ado i. i. 74 eveni
month a new s. brother, Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 609, K2
V. i. 20 / am s. brother . . . To grim Necessity, 1 114
II. i V. 7, H5 II. i. 13 s. brothers to France ( = pledged
to share each others' fortunes in the expedition
to Fiance), (Jor. ii. iii. 101.
4 inveterate Tim. iii. v. 69 a sworn rioter.
swonn(d) : see swoon.
swounds : = God's wounds, zounds Ham. ii. ii.
012 [604] (Ff Why), v. i. 296 (Ff Come).
syllable: to the last or utmost s. of, to the utmost
limit or extent of All'sW. in. vi.73, Mac. v. v. 21.
sympathize :
1 to be of the same mind Troil. iv. i. 25.
2 to agree or be in conformity (with) 1H4 v. i. 7
with the losers let it [a tempest] s., H5 in. vii. 103
the men do s. with (--are like) the mastiffs, Troil.
I, iii. 62.
3 to feel sympathy for, have a fellow feeling for ;
only transf. said of inanimate things R2 v. i. 40
the senseless brands will s. The heavy accent of thy
moviitf/ tonyue. And in compassion iveep Die fire out.
4 pass, corresponded to, answered, matched LLL.
III. i. 64 A message well s-d, Lucr. 1113 Trtie .sor-
row . , . When with like semblance it is s-'d, Sonn.
Ixxxii. n\
sympathized ppl. adj.: shared in (by all) Err. v. i.
400 this sympathized . . . error.
sympathy : agrtcmcnt, conformity, correspond-
ence Wiv. II. i. 7 You are not youni/, no more am
I;. . . there's .«., 2H0 i. i. 23 s. of love. Tit. in. i.
149 whett a s. of woe (-likeness in suffering), Rom.
in. iii. 84, Otli. ll. i. 233 .?. in years, mannirs, and
beauties, Cym. v. iv. 151, Yen. 1057, Lucr. 1229
."(. 0/ (-likeness to); equality of blood or rank
MND. I. i. 141 a s. in choice, R2 iv. i. 33 If that
thy valour stand on. s-ies. ^ The only S. use ; dic-
tionaries down to Bailey give first place to the
sense ' the natural agreement of things, a con-
formity in nature, passions, &ic.'
synod: legislative assembly Err. i. i. 13; more
freq. (5 exx.) assembly of the gods AYL. in. ii.
159, Cor. V. ii. 74, Ant. in. viii. 15 [x. 5].
syrup: medicinal decoction Err. v. i. lOi whe^lesome
s-s, drugs, 0th. in. iii. 332 drowsy s-s. ^ Cf.
'Diacodion ', is a syrup made with heads of the
lierbe called popy, and water, ... to cause one to
sleape (Elyot's Diet.).
ta : dial, form of ' thou' (after a dental, in interro-
gative sentences) 2H4 n. i. 65 Thou wot, wot ta 9
(Q ; Ff Tliou wilt not ?).
table (2 cliietiy, and 3 only, in fig. context)
1 one or both of the stone tablets containing the
tenconimandnientsMeas. i. ii. 9 scraped one [com-
mandment] out of the t., R3 i. iv. 205 in the table of
his law (Fi Table).
2 writing tablet, memorandum book (cf. tabi.e-
book) Gent. n. vii. 3 thee. Who art the t. ivherein
all my thoughts Are . . . chartuter'd. Ham. i. v. 98
fromthet. of my memory; esi>. pi. 2H4 n. iv.289/(/4-
tuaster's old t-s, , . .his connsil-kicper, iv. i. 201,
Troil. IV. V. 60 uncletsp the t-s of their tlioiights.
Ham. I. V. 107, Cym. in. ii. 39 young Cupid's t-s
( = love-letters), Sonn. cxxii. 1, 12.
3 board or flat surface on which a picture is painted
All'sW. I. i. 107 draw His arched brows . . . In our
heart's t., John ii. i. 603 Drawn in the flattering
table of her eye, Sonn. xxiv. 2.
4 (in pailmistry) quadrangle formed by four main
lines in the palm of the hand Mer.V. ii. i. 174.
table-book: note-book Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 612, Ham.
II. ii. 130.
tabled: set down in a list€ym. i. iv. 7 though the
catalogue of his endoitments liad been tabled.
tables : backgammon LLL. v. ii. 327. % The ordi-
nary name for the game circa 1300-1050.
table-sport : butt or laughing-stock of the com-
jiaiiy (lit. at table) Wiv. rv. ii. 173.
ta'bor: small drum used on festive occasions LLL.
V. i. 105; used by professional clowns and jesters
Tw.N. in. i. 2 ; coupled with j)ipe as symbolical
of peaceful rejoicing Ado n. iii. 15, Wint. iv. iii.
[iv.] 183 ; so taborer, drummer Tp. in. ii. 104.
tatiorin, tabourine : military drum Troil. iv. v.
274, Ant. IV. viii. 37.
tackled: tackled stair, rope ladder Rom. ii. iv. 203.
taffeta : lustrous kind of silk LLL. v. ii. 159, 1H4 i.
ii. 11 in flame-colour'd i.; used as adj. fig. LLIi.
V. ii. 407 Taffeta phrases, silken terms jirecise.
tag": rabble Cor. in. i. 247 ; sotag'-rag' people Cx'R.
I. ii. 269.
tailor: MND. ii. i. ^V down topplesshe, And 'tailor'
cries ; obscure allusion.
taint sb. (not pre-Eliz. in these senses)
1 corruption, decay H8 v. iii. 28, Lr. i. i. 224.
2 stain, blemish Ham. ii. i. 32 ; disgrace Troil. i.
iii. .374.
taint vb. (not pre-EIiz. in these senses)
1 to aft'ect or imbue slightly with an undesiralde
quality IHOv. iii. 182>.\Vifr2/f//(i/«^[pa.pplc.](('i/yi
love, 3H0 in. i. 40 Xero will be tainted with remorse ;
also intr. to become so affected Mac. v. iii. 3 /
cannot taint with fear.
2 to injure, impair Meas. iv. iv. 5, Tw.N. iii. iv. 14
t-ed ni's irits, 0th. i. iii. 273 That my disports
corrupt and taint my business, iv. ii. 161.
3 to sully, stain, bring into discredit (a person, liia
lionour, &c.) Tw.N. v. i. 142, 1H6 iv. v. 46, H8
in. i. 54 To t. that honour, iv. ii. 14 ; to disparage
Otli. II. i. 277 tainliny his discipline.
TAINTINGI.Y -
219
— TAI.I.
4 to infect with rorruption, oori-iipt, dopiavo
Tw.N. V. i. :iii9, IHC v. iv. 45 t-ul inlli d /hoiisinid
rices, Ham. i. v. 85 T. not tin/ wind, Cym. v. iv.
Co, Lucr. :i8 ; also intr. Tw.N. iil. iv. 147 lest :ln
device lake air, and taint ( = become stale).
5 to convey infection Troil. iii. iil. 233.
taintingly (Fo Cor. i. i. 116, app. misprint for
tanthujiy (Ffoa), taiuitiiiyly (Fi), wliiclilast is the
reading of mod. edd.
tainture : dctilemcnt 2H6 n. i. 186 (Fi Taincturt).
take (2 see also taking vbl. sb. and ppl. adj.)
1 to strike R3 r. iv. 100 T. him orer llie costard iiilh
the hilts ; with double obj. to give (a person a
blow) Meas. ii. i. 194, Shr. iii. ii. 166, Tw.X. ii. v.
76, H5 IV. i. 234 / will take thee u box on the ear.
2 to strike with disease Wiv. iv. iv. 33 he blasts the
tree, and t-s the cattle. Ant. iv. ii. 37 Xow, the
witch t. me; absol. Ham. I. i. 163 then no planets
strike, yo fairy takes {Fi talk(,e)s).
3 to catch, meet, find Err. iii. ii. 174, H5 iv. i. 239.
4 t. {it) OH one's death, honour, salmtion, give a
strong assurance, affirm veliemently Wiv. ir. ii.
13, Jolin I. i. 110, R2 v. iii. 11, 1H4 ii. iv. 9, v.
iv. 154.
5 /. on or upon oneself, besides mod. senses of
'undertake' and 'assume', means (i) profess,
pretend Err. v. i. 243 took on him as a conjurer,
2H4 IV. i. 60 / t. not on me here as a physician,
Cym. V. iv. 185 be directed by some that t. upon
them to know; make believe Troil. i. ii. 151 ^he
t-s iipoH her to spy a iihite hair on his chin ; pre-
tend to know Lr. v. iii. 16/. upon's the mystiry
of thini/s; (ii) assume lofty airs Shr. iii. ii. 217,
IV. ii. i09, 1H6 I. ii. 71.
6 to assume, pretend Ham. ii. i. 13 Take you . . .
some distant knoirledrje of him.
7 to repair to (a place) for refuge Err. v. i. 36 for
God's sake, take a house.', 94, Troil. v. iv. 21 Fly
not ; for shouldst thou t. the river Styx, I nould
sitim after.
8 retl. or intr. to have recourse, betake oneself
Gent. IV. i. 42 have you anylhini; to t. to?, H5 in.
ii. 127 ere theiseeyes ofminet. Ilumsdvesto slumber.
Per. ni. iv. 10 A restid livery ivill I take me to.
9 to liear, learn John i. i. 21, Cor. in. i. 139 Xo, t.
more; cliiefly in take it or this of me = \Qi me tell
you Shr. ii. i. 191, H8 v. i. 30, tit. ii. i. 108, Tim.
III. iv. 71 ; (pregnantly) to accept as true Lr. iv.
vi. 145 I irouhl not lake this from report.
10 to receive without resistance, acquiesce in, put
up with Ham. ii. ii. 612 [604], Lr. il. ii. 106.
11 to accept (a person) as being, or suppose him to
be so-and-so All's W. III. v. 52 He's bravely taken
( -regarded as a fine fellow). Tit. v. ii. 155 The
empress' sons I take them.
12 to arrange, conclude (truce, peace) Jolin iii. i. 17
t. a truce, H8 ii. i. 85 /. peace, Troil. ii. ii. 75, Rom.
III. i. 163, Yen. 82, Sonn. xlvii. 1 a leae/ue is took.
13 intr. to catch fire H5 ii. i. 56.
14 =. ' take effect ' Cor. ii. ii. 113.
take all, (?) orig. a gaming expression indicating a
last i!esp.Tiring hazard Rom. i. v. 19 the longer lira-
take all, Lr. in. i. 15 And bids what wilt iaki all,
Ant. IV. 'n.Srilstrike,andcry'Takeair;ta.lieone's
death, (1) die 3H6 i. iii. 35 ; (2) take one's dying
oath 2H6 it. iii. 91 / inll t. my death I never n'uant
him any ill ; take forth, select, choose Cor. I. ix.
34 ; take one's haste, makeliasteTim.v. i. 215;
take the heat, get the start 2H4 ii. iv. 326;
take in, conquer, subdue, overcome Wint. iv.
iii. [iv.] .WO affliction may subdue the cheek, Dul
not t. in the mind, Cor. i. ii. 24 To t. in many
toivns, Ant. i. i. 23, Ac, Cym. in. ii. 9, iv. ii. 121;
take me with you, speak so that 1 can under-
stand you, be explicit 1114 ii. iv. 513 [506], Rom.
in. V. 142 ; take note of, d) notice Cor. iv. ii.
10 ; (2) know about Tw.N. in. ii. 40 ; take off,
(1) dissuade, disincline Mac. ii. iii. 38 it sets him
on, and it t-s him off; (2) relieve one of (an office)
Cor. III. iii. 60, 0th. v. ii.SM i'oitr power and your
command is t-n off; (3) make away with, destroy
(a person or his life, 4:c.) Mac. v. vii. UiO[viii. 71]
Took off her life, Cym. v. v. 47, Per. iv. vi. 140 I
must have your maidenhead taken off (quibble on
' head ') ; (4) there's laying on, t. it off who will, pro-
verbial phr. applicable toany thing excessive Troil.
I. ii. 22i ; take on, be furious, rage, rave Wiv.
III. V. 40.s7(c does so t. on with her men, MXD. in.
ii. 258, 3H6 n. v. 104 ; take ovit, (1) lead out from
the company for a dance H8 i. iv. 95 / were un-
mannerly to t. you out. And not tokiss ijou, (2) tak'e
a copy of 0th. in. iii. 296, iv. 179 T. 'me this work
out . . . Fd have it copied ; take up, (1) raise, levy
2H4 II. i. 203 you are to f. soldiirs up, iv. ii. 26 ;
(2) arrest (with quibble on sense of taicing-up,
q.v.) Ado III. iii. 189, 2H6 iv. vii. 134 ; (3) ' oppose,
encounter, cope witli ' (Schmidt) Wint. in. iii. 90
(quibble on sense 4 below), 2H4 i. iii. 73, Cor. in.
i. 243 / could myself T. up a brace o' the best of
them ; (4) take to task, rebuke, rej rimand Gent,
I. ii. 132, Cym. ir. i.4/. meupforswiaring; (5) retort
to (a speech) H5 in. vii. 131 ; (6) make up, settle,
arrange amicably AYL. v. iv. 50, 104, Tw.N. in.
iv. 323, Tit. iv. iii. 91 to t. up a matter of brawl,
0th. I. iii. 173 ; (7) occupy entirely. All up, (hence)
obstruct H8 i. i. 56 T. up the rays o' the . . . sun.
Cor. in. ii. 116 tears t. up The glasses of my sight ;
(8) trip up Mac. n. iii. 46 he took up my legs.
taking vbl. sb. ( 1 cf. take 2)
1 blasting, malignant influence Li-. tii. iv. 60.
2 state of agitation or alarm Wiv. in. iii. 190 What
a taking was he in, Lucr. 453.
taking' ppl. adj.: blasting, pernicious Lr. ii. iv.
166 i'oit taking airs.
taking-off : murder Mac. i. vii. 20, Lr. v. i. 65.
taking-up : obtaining on credit 2H4 i. ii. 45.
tale (1 the earliest sense ; 2 Skelton 1523 has 'Tlierby
lyeth a tale '.Holland 1600' Hereto longeth a tale';
the sense ' number ' is not S.)
1 talk Rom. ii. iv. 102 to stop in my t., Ven. 74 to a
pretty ear slie tunes her tale.
2 thereby hani/s a t., there is something to say about
that Shr. iv. i. 60.
3 in a tale, in agreement Ado iv. ii. 34.
talent' (Ian Eliz. sense) [hair.
1 pi. riches, treasure Conipl. 204 these t-s of their
2 evil inclination or passion Cym. i. vi. SO' beyond
all talents.
talent^: common old form of ' talon ' ; hence the
pun in LLL. iv. ii. 65 If a talent be a clair, look how
he claws him with a talent.
talk:
1 (emphatically) to talk idly, talk nonsense Wint.
III. li. 42, Mac. IV. ii. 62 Poor pratthr, how thou,
talkest, 0th. iv. iii. 25 Come, come, you talk.
2 to speak (a word) R3 iv. iv. 199 (Qq speak), Lr. in.
iv. 161 ; to say that . . . Tp. n. i. 101 ; to tell (a
person) o/ something 0th. in. iv. 92.
tall (the ordinary sense is freq. ; 2 common Eliz.
prose use ; 3 cf. hand sb. 1)
1 goodly, fine, ' proper ' MND. v. i. 146 sweet youth
and tall, Shr. iv. i. 11, iv. iv. 17 Thou'rt a t. fellow.
2 (conventional epithet of ships of large build) fine,
gallant Mer.V. in. i. 6, R2 it. i. 286, Lr. iv. vi. 19
yond t. anchoring bark, 0th. iI. i. 79, Sonn. Ixxx.
12 lam a worthless boat. He of tall building.
3 good at arms, strong in fight, doughty, valiant
(freq. ironical) Wiv, ii. ii. 12 good soldiers and tall
TAIiIiOW —
220
- TAWDSY-I.ACS
/Mows, Tw.N. I. iii. 21, 1H4 I. iii. 62 manfi a tjood
t. /Mow, R3 I. i V. 157 Spoke like a t. fellow, Rom. ii.
iv. 32 a very good blade! — a wry t. matit. Ant. ii.
vi. 7 miicli t. youth ; brave H5 ii. i. 72 Thy spirits
are most tall,
tallow: fat of an animal Wiv. v. v. 10( = grow tliin
as a stag in rutting time). "H Cf. ' All betstis that
beere talow ', Book of St. Albans, 1480.
tallow-catcU ^ ((jq Ff) ; (a) by Hanniur taken =
* tallow kettli ', i.e. tub of tallow, (b) by Jolinson
= ' tallow keech', i.e. lump of tallow (see keecuj
1H4 II. iv. 251).
tallow-face : pale-faced wretch Rom. in. v. 158.
tally: stick of wooJ, marked witli ti-ansveise
notches or scores representing tlie amount of
a debt; it being cleft lengtliwise across the
notclies, tlie debtor and creditor each retained
one of tlie lialves2H6iv. vii. 3Q the score and ihet.,
Sonn. cxxii. 10 Xor tued I tallies thy dear loee to
score.
talon : old edd. talent, see talent 2.
tame: maket. to, (i) subject or subjugate to John
IV. ii. 2(52, Lr. iv. vi. 226 (Qq titade tame by for-
tune's blows) ; (ii) familiarize witli Troil. iir. iii.
10. ^ Tlie fig. senses ' submissive, meek ', ' lack-
inganiiiiation, force, or effectiveness, spiritless '
are freq.
ta.ined: broachedTroil. iv. i. 62//e . . . would drink
up The lees and dregs of aflat t. piece ( = broached
cask).
tang'sb.: 'something that leaves a sting or pain
behind it ' (J.) Tp. 11. ii. 5-'!* she had a tongue with
a t. ^ Perhaps ' tang ' = tongue of a snake (sup-
posed to sting), sting of an insect, is here asso-
ciated with ' tang ' = sliarp ringing sound.
tan^ vb.: ti-ans. to sound loud with Tw.N. 11. v. 1()5
let thy tongue tang argiimmls of slate ; intr. 11 1.
iv. 7y lei thy tongue tang with arguments (Ffasi ;
Fi lunger? misprint).
tangfle : to entrap, snare Gent. in. ii. 68 hiy lime
to t. her desires, 1H6 iv. ii. 22, Yen. 07 Look how
a bird lies tangled in a net. . .
tanlin^ (notpre-S.) : one tanned by tlie sun's rays
Cym. IV. iv. 29 summer's tanlings.
tap: to act as tapster Wiv. i. iii. 11 ; to draw out
as liquor from a cask R2 11. i. 127.
tardy adj.: ta'en t., taken unawares, surprised R;i
ly. i. 51 ; come t. off, fallen short, inadequately
done Ham. iii. ii. 2y.
tardy vb.: to delay Wint. in. ii. 163 lardiedily swift
command.
tardy-g-aited : slow-paced H5 iv. Chor. 20.
targ-e (thrice) : light shield LLL. v. ii. 654.
target (9 times) : -targe 1H4 11. iv. 228.
Tarpeian rock : rock on the Capitoline Hill at
Rome over which persons convicted of treason
were thrown lieadlong Cor. in. i. 212, 265 ; hence
III. iii. 80 the sleep Tarpeian death,
tarre: to provoke, incite, hound ou John iv. i. 117,
Troil. I. iii. 392 t. the mastiffs on. Ham. 11. ii. 379
[370] t, them to controversy. "[I Survives in midl.
dial. (Worcestershire).
tarriance: delay Gent. ir. vii. 90; waiting in ex-
jiectation Pilgr. vi. 4 [74].
tarry (1 common down to about 1800)
1 to lodge (in a place) Mer.V. iv. ii. 18.
2 to wait for Wiv. iv. v. 21, Ti'oil. i. i. 10 ; to stay
for (a meal) 2H4 iii. ii. 200.
tart : only fig. ; painful, grievous Lr. iv. ii. 87
another way. This news is not so tart ; (of aspect)
sour Ant. 11. v. 38 .so tart a favour.
Tartar (Eliz.): Tartarus, tlio infernal regions, hell
EiT. IV. ii. 32 in T. limbo, worse than hell (see
UMBO), Tw.X. II. v, 227//iei/atoo/r.,II5ii, ii. 123.
tartly: (of aspect) sourly Ado n. i. 3. [v. iv. 19.
tartness: sourness (fig.) AU'sW. iv. iii. 96, Cor.
task sb. : at t. (S.), blamed Lr. i. iv. 368 at task for
ivant of wisdom (Qq attask'd),
task vb. (cf. TAX vb.)
1 to lay a tax upon, tax 1H4 iv. iii. 92.
2 to impose a task upon LLL. n. L 20 to t. the tasker.
Cor. 1. iii. 40 a harvest man that's task'd to mow.
3 to make demands upon, summon, or challenge (a
person) to perform (something) Tp. i. ii. 192 to thy
stroH<i biddimi t, Ariel, John in. i. 148 (Ff i!((4'^(<;,
Theobald las'kf), R2 iv. i. 62 / /. the earth to the
like, 1H4 IV. i. 9 t. me to my word, Sonn. Ixxii. 1.
4 to occupy fully, put a strain upon, put to the
proof Wiv. IV. vi. 30 other sports are t-ing of their
minds, H5 i. ii. 6, 0th. 11. iii. 43 / . . . dare not
task my weakness.
5 to take to task, reproach Lr. ni. ii. 16 / 1. not you
, . . wilh unkiuihuss {i'( tax(e).
tasking: cliallen;;e (see TASK vb. 3) 1H4 v. ii. 50
(Qi; the rest talking).
tassei-gentle: -tercel Rom. 11. ii. 159.
taste sb. (sense ' savour' is freq., lit. and fig.)
1 trial, test 2H4 n. iii. 52 Have of their puissance
made a little t., Lr. i. ii. 48 as an essay or I, of my
virtue.
2 act of tasting R2 11. i. 13 As the last t, of sweets,
Rom. II. vi. 13 the sweetest honey . , . in the taste
confounds the appetite ; fig. experience, whether
of joy or of suffering IHt in. i. 174 the I. of danger,
H5 n. ii. 51 After the t. of much correction, Sonn.
xl. 8 wilful taste of what thyself refusest.
3 small quantity of a thing tasted as a sample (in
lig. context) AYL. in. ii. 248 take a t. of my find-
ing him, and relish it . , , , Troil. i. iii. 389 ; (lience)
specimen, sample AYL. ni. ii. 107 For a t.. Cor.
in. i. 316 Have we not had a taste of his obedience ?,
Ham. II. ii. 460 [452] give us a t, of your qualilg \
phr. in some t, (S.), in some degree, iu some sense
Cajs. IV. i. 34.
4 judgement, discrimination LLL. iv. li. 30 we of t,
and feeling.
taste vb. (2 the commonest sense)
1 toputtotheproof, try, test Tw.X. in. iv.210t. their
valour, 1H4 iv. i. 119 let me t. my horse, Troil. in.
ii. 97 Praise us as we are t-d (= prove to be); used
affectedly Tw.N. in. i. 88 T. your legs, sir ; also
intr. const, of with same meaning 2H4 iv. i. 192
every idle , , , reason Hhall to the king t. of this
action.
2 to experience, feel Tp. v. i. 123 You do yet taste-
Some subtleties 0' the isle, MND. v. i. 282 to t. of
truest Thisby's sight (Qq take), H5 iv. vii. 09 t. our
mercy, Troil. iv. iv. 3 The grief . . . that It., Cym.
V. V. 404 they shall t. our comfort ; to h.ave experi-
ence of the qualities of Tim. in. ii. 85 / never t-d
Timon ; also intr. const. 0/ Wint. iii. ii. 180, Cym.
V. V. 309 Bg tasting of our wrath.
3 to act as tastcr^o John v. vi. 28 How did he take it 9
[viz. poison] who did taste to hint ?.
tatteringt: in rags John v. v. 7 (old edd. fott'ring).
tauntingly : see taintinglv.
Taurus (1 cf. Chaucer's Astrolabe, 'Eveiiche of
these 12 signes hath respecte to a certeyn parcel
of the body of a man, and hath it in governaunce,
as . . . Taurus thy nekke and thy throte ')
1 the second oftlie zodiacal constellations, tlie Bull,
including the Pleiades and Hyades Tw.N. i. iii.
150 T, ! that's sides and heart. — Xo, sir, it is legs
and thighs (cf. note above) Tit. iv. iii. 68.
2 lofty mountain range in Asia Minor MND. Hi. ii.
141 high Taurus' snow.
tawdry-lace : silk ' lace ' or necktie much worn
by Women in the 10th and early 17th cent., cheap
TAWNY -
221
TEMPT
and showy ones being app. worn by country
gills Wint. IV. iii. [iv.] 252. *[] ' So called from
St, Audrey (Etlielreda) wlio thought her self pun-
ished [by a tumour in the throat] for wearing
rich jiecklacfs ', Blount's Glossographia, 1674;
' bought at the fair held at the fane of St. Ethel-
dreda', Skinner's Etymologicon, 1671.
tawny: yellowish-brown Tp. ii. i. 57, Tit. v. i. 27;
cf. oniHge-tawny MND. I. li. 97.
tawny-coat : ecclesiastical apparitor, from the
colour of his livery 1H6 i. iii. 47, &c.
taxsb.: charge, accusation All'sW. ii. i. I'i'iTaxof
impudence.
tax vb. (2 the prevailing sense)
1 to censure, blame, accuse Ado I. i. 46 you tax
Siijnior Benedick too much, Ham. I. iv. 18 tmdiic'd
and i-'d of other nations ; with of for the more
frcq. with Ail'sW. v. iii. 122 Sh(dl tux luy feitrs oj
little vanity.
2 = TASK vb. 3, Ado ii. iii. 47 lux not so hud a voice
To sUtmler wusic.
taxation (2 cf. task vb. 3, tax vb. 2)
1 demand, claim Tw.N. i. v. 226 no t. of hoimiye.
2 censure AYL. i. ii. 92.
taxing: = taxation 2, AYL. ii. vil. 86.
teach : to show how LLL.iv. i. Ill who istht sui/or?
— Shall It. you to know? (i.e. tell you), Kom. i. v.
48 she doth teach the torches to burn bright (i. e. by
shining so brightly herself).
tear : t. a cat, rant MND. I. ii. 32 ii part to i. a cut
in. ^Thisplir., and ' tear-cat ' = swaggerer, were
specifically associated with ranting on the stage.
tear-falling : shedding tears R3 iv. ii. 65. ^ Cf.
fall vb. 4.
tedious: irksome, annoying, laborious, painful
AYL. III. ii. 346 heani t. penury, R2 II. i. 75, 1H4
III. i. 48 in the t. //'((ijs of art, tit. ll. iv. 39 [she]
in a t. sampler sew'd her mind, Mac. in. iv. 138,
0th. HI. iii. 398 a t. difficulty. ^ Affectedly for
'long' in All'sW. ii. iii. 35 that is the brief and
the tedious of it.
tediously : tardily H5 rv. Chor. 22 limp So t. nway.
teem:
1 to bring forth H5 v. ii. 51, Tim. iv. iii. 180 Wiose
womb . . . and . . . breast T-s, and feeds all, Mac.
IV. iii. 176 Each minute teems a new one.
2 to bear children, bear fniit, be fruitful Lr. i. iv.
305// she must t.. Create her child of spleen ; cliiefly
in pres. pple. Meas. i. iv. 43 t-ing foison, R2 ii. i.
51, V. ii. 91, Sonn. xevii. 6 The teeming antttmn.
3 i. with, (i) conceive by 0th. iv. i. 256 If that the
earth could t. with woman's tears ; (ii) bring forth
Tim. IV. iii. 191 Let it . . . T. with new monsters.
teen: affliction, grief, woe LLL. iv. iii. 164, R3 iv.
i. 96, Veil. 808.
Telamon: Ajax Tclamonius (see Ajax), who went
mad when the shield of Achilles was awarded to
Ulysses and not to him Ant. iv. xi. [xiii.] 2 more
mad Than Ttlamonfor his shield.
tell (the foil, are obs. or special uses)
1 to count, reckon the number of LLL. i. ii. 42 How
many is one thrice told ?, R3 l. iv. 122 while one t-s
twenty, Ham. i. ii. 237, Ven. 277 trots, as if he told
the steps.
2 to count (money) Wint. iv. iii. fiv.] 185 faster
than you'll t. money, Tim. ni. v. 109, Lr. iii.ii. 89
When nsnrers t. their gold; fig. Tim. irr. iv. 96
Tell out my blood.
3 t. the clock, (i) count the strokes of tlie clock, tell
the time R3 v. iii. 277 Tell the clock there; also
simply tell Tp. il. i. 15 One: tell; (ii) fig. 'keep
time ' to, be willing slaves to Tp. ii. i. 297 [289]
They'll tell the clock to any business.
i (of a clock) to strike (the hour) MND. v. i, 372
The iron tongue of midnight hath told twelte, 0th.
II. ii. 12 //// the bell hare told eleven.
5 to say (prayers) as on a string of beails 3Hri n. i.
164 Muiiilj'inig our Aif-Marit.s iri/h our bauht Or
shall we on I Ik iiihiutsofoiirfuesTttiuurdtiolKiii...?.
6 tell over, (i) recount, go over MND. v. i. 23 all the
story of the night told over, R3 iv. iv. 39 T. o'er your
woes again, Sonn. xxx. 10 t. o'er The sad account ;
(ii) pass through 0th. m. iii, 169 wliat damned
minutes tells he o'er.
7 can tell = to know H5 iv. i. 244 if you could I ell
(=knew) how to reckon. Tit. l. i. 202 Proud and
ambitious tribune, cunst thou telU ; also in the
defiant or evasive phr. when? canst tell? (can you
tell ?) Err. iii. i. 52, 1H4 ii. i. 43.
Tellus: the earth personified Ham. in. ii. 168 Tellus'
orbed ground. Per. iv. i. 13.
temnest (?) : Lr. ii. ii. 150 (Capell cnntemned'stf).
temper sb. (the main sense is 'disposition, tempera-
ment, constitution ')
1 good condition (of mind) Lr. i. v. 52 Keep me in t.;
1 tcould not be mad.
2 degree of hardness and elasticity imparted to
steel 1H6 ii. iv. 13, 2H6 v. ii. 70 Sword, liold thy t.,
Otli. V. ii. 252 (see ice-brook) ; in periphrastic
phr. R2 IV. i. 29 To stain tlie t.ofmy knightly sword,
1H4 V. ii. 93.
3 self-restraint Ant. i. i. 8.
temper vb. (used twice of tempering swords Tp. in.
iii. 62, Ven. Ill Strong-t-'d steel ; cf. mistempeked
2 ; 4 cf. the Warwickshire expression of ' liumour-
ing ' butter, e.g. before a fire)
1 to compound (a poison) Ado ii. ii. 22, Rom. iii. v.
98, Ham. v. ii. 342, Cym. v. v. 251.
2 to moisten with a fluid 2H6 iii. i. 311 t. clay with
blood, Tit. v. ii. 200 with this liateful liquor t. it
(viz. a powder), Lr. i. iv. 328.
3 to modify or ciualify LLL. iv. iii. .347 I'ntil his ink
were t-'d with Love's sighs, Rom. li. Chor. 14 T-ing
extremity wit.li extreme sweet.
4 (of wax) to soften (only in gerund) 2H4 iv. iii. 141
(fig.) I have him already i-ingbetnim myfngernnd
my thumb, and shortly inU Isail irilli him, Ven. 565
^Mtat wax so frozen but dissolves with Itiiipering?.
5 to work upon, mould (lo a particular piiipose)
Gent. III. ii. 64 t. tier by your persitasmii To liate
younei Valentine, H5 ii.'ii". 118 [the devil] that t-'d
tliee, R3 i. i, 65 {Ff tempts). Tit. iv. iv. 108.
6 to blend or accord irith 3H6 iv. vi. 29 few men
rightly temper with the stars.
temperality: Mistress Quickly's blunder (?) for
' temperature ' (which is not S.)=teniper 2H4 ii.
iv. 25.
temperance (its use by Puritans as a female name
referred to in Tp. ii. i. 44)
1 climate, temperature Tp. ir. i. 43.
2 moderation Meas. iii. ii. 257, H8 i. i. 124 arc you
chafd? AskGodfort.,Cor.iu.\u.28,Ham.iu.iuS.
3 chastity Ant. in. xi. [xiii.] 121, Lucr. 884.
temperate :
1 (of weather) mild, of genial temperature H5 in.
iii. .30 the cool and t. wind of (/race, Sonn. xviii. 2.
2 moderate .Tolin n. i. 195, troil. i. ii. 158 t.fre.
Mac. II. iii. 115 temperate and furious . . . in ii
moment.
3 chaste Tp. iv. i. 132, Shr. li. i. 288 [296].
Temple : name of two of the Inns of Court (see
INN) 1H4 III. iii. 221 the T. hall, 1H6 n. iv. 3, 1l'5
the Temple gardni.
temporal: secular H5 i. i. 9 temporal lands.
temporary* (once) : (?) devoted to secular affairs
Meas. V. i. 145.
tempt (tlie foil, are now rare or obs.)
1 to put to the test, try 118 i. ii. 55 In t-ing of your
TEN
222
TERMAGANT
patience, Troil. iv. iv. 9G Wlttn ire will I. the frailty
of our pone r-t.
2 to venture upon, risk John iv. iii.8+ t.Ihe ihinyer,
Troil. V. iii. 'M t. not yet the brushes of the iiar.
ten groats : 3.v. 4(/., amount of a lawyer's fee All'sW.
II. ii. 23.
tenable (not pre-Eliz.) : that may be kept Ham. i.
ii. 247 Let it be t. in your silence still {Vf treh{hjte).
tenant : one who holds land of a lord, vassal R3
IV. iv. 481, H8 I. ii. 173, Lucr. 1260 those proud
lords . . . Make iveak-iuade ivomcn t-s to their sliniiie,
Sonn. xlvi, 10 .1 quest of tlionyltts, all t-s to the
heart.
tend (1 is peculiar to S.; /tnJ-- have a tendency, is
freq.; it has a different origin from this word)
1 to be in waiting or attendance Ham. i. iii. 83
your servants lend, iv. iii. 48.
2 to wait or attend upon Tp. i. ii. 47 noin-in . . .
tliat t-ed me, Troil. ll. iii. 13i), Lr. ll. iv. 2m, Ant.
II. ii. 215 (see EYE 3), iv. ii. 24.
.3 to take care of, look after .lohn v. vi. 32, 2H6 i.
i. 205 they do tend the profit of the land.
4 to guard R3 iv. i. 92 ijood anyelst.theet (.Qqywird).
5 to accompany R2 IV. 1.199 Thty[vAve!i]t. thecroirn.
tend on or upon, (i ) wait upon, sen'e, follow MXD.
in. i. 162, 2H0iii. ii. 304 threefold lenyeancet. upon
ijoitr steps.'. Ham. in. ii. 218, Lr. ii. i. 97 the. . .
'kniyhls That t. upon my fiither, Sonn. liii. 2 ; (ii)
attend to Ado I. iii. 17 t. on no man's business ;
tend to, listen to Tp. i. i. 7.
tendance: attention, care H8 in. ii. 150, Tim. i. i.
5S, Cym. V. V. 53 ; concr. people in attendance
Tim. I. i. 81 his tobbiis fill irith tendance.
tender sb.': (1) offer, (2) thing offered LLL. it. i.
170 such iielcome . . . -iv honour . , . may Malie f.
of, John V. vii. 106 the like I. of our lore, Rom. in.
iv. 12 / ivill make n desperate t. Of my child's lore.
Ham. I. iii. 99, 106 you, hare ta'en these t-s for true
liny, Sonn. Ixx.xiii. 4.
tender sb.": tender considei-ation, regai'd, care(S.)
1114 v. iv. 49 thou mak'st some t. of my life, Lr. I.
iv. 233 in the tender of n irholesome weal.
tender adj. (1 cf. texder-dyixg ; t. years Yen. 1091)
1 young, youthful, immature R2 ii. iii. 42 /., rair,
and youiiy, 3HG ii. ii. 28 [birds] in protection of
their tender ones . . . 3Iake war . , .
2 (of climate, air) mild, softTp. ii. i. 42 of subtle, f.,
and delicate temperance, Cym. v. iv. 140 /. air
[v. 448 ' mollis aer '].
S dear, beloved, precious Gent. v. iv. 37 Wliose life's
as t. to me as my soul, Troil. iv. v. 106* t. objects,
Mac. I. vii. .55 Hnw t. 'tis to love the babe that milks me.
4 finely sensitive in rcspectof physical perception
or feeling MND. iv. i. 28 lam such a t. ass, Lucr.
695 Vnaptfor t. smell, Sonn. cxii. 6 t. feeling ; cf.
LLL. v. ii. 567 t.-smelling kniyht, 2H6 il. iv. 9 lur
tender-feeling feet.
5 t. of, sensitive to Cym. in. v. 40 So t. of rebukes ;
— t. over (o'er), having great consideration or
compassion for "Wint. ii. iii. 127 t. o'er his follies,
132 that hast .1 heart so t. o'er it, Cym. V. v. 87 .1
page , , . So teiuler over his occasions.
tender vb.' (the sense 'offer' occni's in various
connexions)
1 t. doirn, lit. pay down (money), fig. in Meas. ir.
iv. 181 laid he t'nenty heads to t. doirn On twenty
bloody blocks, Tim. i. i. 55 hoin all conditions . . .
tender donn Their services to Lend Timon.
2 to exhibit, show forth LLL. il. i. 242 [jewels]
tend'ring their own worth from where they were
ylass'il. Ham. I. iii. 109 you'll t. me afool^ (-show
yourself a fool in my eyes).
tender vb.^ [from flie adj. tender]
i to have a tender regard for, be concerned for,
care for Gent. iv. iv. 147, H8ii. iv. 114 i'ou tender
more your person's honour than i'our high profes-
sion spiritual, Rom. in. i. 76, Ham. i. iii. 107 T.
yourself more diarly, iv. iii. 44.
2 to regard favourably Lucr. 534 Tender my suit.
3 to feel compassion for 1H6 IV. vii. \OT-inymyruin.
tender-dying : dying when young 1H6 in. iii. 48.
tender-hefted* : ' set in a delicate bodily frame '
iWright), gentle, womanly Lr. n. iv. 174. •, The
Qq variants tender hestid, hasted (app. misprints,
f for f) point to a derivation from • heft ', ' haft'
= handle ; cf. ' Emmanche ', . . . set into a haft,
or handle, ' Lasche emmanch^ ', feeble, loosse
ioynted, faint-hearted (Cotgr.).
tenderness: LLL. m. i. 4 t. of years -youth of
tender years.
tending : attendance Mac. i. v. .38 Gice him tending.
tennis: game in wliich a bull is struck to and fro
with a racket by two players in a specially-con-
structed enclosed oblong court H8 l. iii. 30, Ham.
II. i. 59 ; also t.-ball Ado in. ii. 47, H5 I. ii. 258,
tennis-court 2H4 ii. ii. 22, Per. ll. i. 65.
tenour: (in law) copy of an instrument not fully
set out but containing only the substance or pur-
port of it; fig. Lucr. 1310 Hire folds she up the t.
01' her woe, Her certain sorrow tent uncertainly.
tent sb." : pi. (?) bed hangings Shr. n. i. 346 [.354].
tent sb.2 : roll of lint used to search and cleanse a
wound Troil. ii. ii. 16.
tent vb.' : fig. to lodge Cor. in. ii. 116.
tent vb.= : to apply a tent to (a wound) ; only fig.
to probe Ham. n. ii. 634 [626] I'll lent him to the
(juick, Cym. in. iv. 118 ; to cure Cor. r. ix. 31 tint
themselres with death, ill. i. 235 a sore . . i'ou
cannot tent.
tenth (1 cf. 'decimation')
1 one out of ten Troil. ii. ii. 21 If we have lost so
many tenths of ours, Tim. v. iv. 33 the destin'd t.
2 royal subsidy or aid, being a levy of a tenth part
of the subject's movables 1H6 v. v. 93 Among the
people gath' r vp a tenth.
tercel: male of the falcon-gentle orperegrine falcon
Troil. in. ii. 54. ^ Cf. tassel-gentel.
termd freq.; the legal phr. for t. o/^/coccursSonn.
xcii. 2 ; Meas. l. i. 10' terms for common Justice,
(a) conditions of tlie ordinai-y administration of
justice, (b) ' technical terms of the courts', Black-
stone)
1 (long) period of time Sonn. cxlvi. 11 Buy t-sdiiine
in selling hours of dross.
2 period of session of courts of law AYL. in. ii. 354,
2H4:V. i. 89.
3 pi. standing, footing, mutual relation ; only in
plir. on, iipon, or in terms R2 iv. i. 22 Oneqiiult-s,
Lr. I. ii. 176 Parted you in good t-sl, 0th. n. iii.
1S2 iti t-s like bride and groom. Cyan. in. i. 80 in
other terms.
4 pi. state, condition, position, circumstances
Meas. II. iv. 101 under the i-s of death, H5 in. vi.
80 (= the enemy's position), Troil. n. ii. 153 On
i-s of base compulsion. Ham. i. i. 103 by . , . t-s
compulsatire, in. iii. 5 The t-s of our estate, IV. vii.
26 desperate t-s, Compl, 116 upon these t-s(.= in this
condition).
5 (hence, in vague or merely periphrastic use)
almost ^ respect, manner Mer.V. ii. i. 13 In
tennsofchoice(.r- in respect of my choice). All's VV.
II. iii. 173 Without all t-s of pity ( = without pity
in any form), Tw.N. v. i. 75, HS ii. i. 61 in fair t-s
( - fairly), Lucr. 1706(()i)/^s(almost = anything);
once in sing. 0th. i. 'i. '.id in aity Just term { = in any
way justly).
Termagant: imaginary deity suppose! in mediae-
val Cluistendom to he worsliiiHied by Jlolianuno-
TERMZNATION
223
THE ME
dans, represented in mystery plays as a violent
overbearing personage Ham. iii. ii. 16 for o'er-
doing r.\ —as adj. violent lH4v. iv. IHihatliott.
Scot.
termination: term, expression (S.) Ado ii. i. 258
if Iter breath were as terrible an her lerminationx.
termless: indescribable Compl. 'i^ttiatt. skin.
terrene: terrestrial Ant. iii. xi. [xiii.] 1.53.
terrestrial: as sb. jocularly applied to a doctor
(opposed to celestial = physician of the soul) Wiv.
III. i. 108 (cf. line 100 suul-curer (trid bodij-curer).
terrible : usu.takeninapassivesense = lrightened,
but perhaps intensive = terribly rapid Lr. i. ii. 33*
that t. dispatch of it [a paper] into your pocket.
terribly: in a manner to excite terror Tp. ii. i. 321
[313] It struck mine ear most t., MXD. i. ii. 77,
Tim. IV. iii. 137 you'll . . . t. swear Into . . . shud-
ders . . . The immortal gods.
territories : (app.) dependencies John i. i. 10.
tertian: lever of which the paroxysm occurs
eveiy third (i. e. every other) (lay H5 il. i. 124 a
buruing quotidian tertian.
test: witness, testimony Troil. v. ii. 119 that test
of eyes and ears (so Ffi^, but prob. misprint for
th'attcst of Qi), 0th. i. iii. 107 Without more wider
(Ff) and more overt test (Q1112 ; Q;! Fi over test).
testament: will disposing of one's property after
death AYL. i. i. 79 the jjoor ullottery my father
left me by t. ; fig. R2 in. iii. 94 to open The purple
( = blood-stained) t. of bleeding war, H5 iv. vi. 27
with blood heseal'd A t. of nobk-ending loie. ^ The
only S. sense.
tested: refined Meas. 11. ii. 149 tested gold.
tester : sixpence Wiv. i. iii. 94 T. I'll have in pouch
when thou shaltlack, 2H4 ill. ii. 299 there's a t.for
thee. % A corruption of ' teston ', thiough the
form ' testern ' (cf. next), the shilling of Henry
VII, Henry VIII, and Edward VI, which was
gradually debased.
testern : to give a ' tester ' orsixpence to, tip Gent.
I. i. 165 you hare iesterned me.
testimony: to test, prove (S.) Meas. in. ii. 157.
testril : fanciful form of ' tester ' = sixpence Tw.N.
II. iii. 36.
tetchy: fretful, peevish B3 iv. iv. 1G9, Troil. i. i.
101 (old edd. teachy), Eoni. i. iii. 32(Qq /rnc/i/V).
tetter sb.: skin eruption Troil. v. 1.27, Ham. i. v. 71.
tetter vb.: to affect with tetter Cor. iii. i. 78.
Tewkesbury: in 16th-17th cent, tlie chief seat
of tlie mustard manufacture in England 2H4 ii.
iv. 262 his wit is as thick as T(wkesbury mustard.
text (3 cf. C'olgr. ' Lettres cadeU'es ', great, capitall,
or text letters)
1 legend Ado v. i. 190 emd t. itnderneath, ^ Here
dwells Benedick . . .'
2 quotation, quoted saying Tw.N. i. v. 238, Rom.
IV. i. 21 That's a certain t., Lr. IV. ii. 37 Xo more;
the text is foolish. [a copy-book.
3 capital (letter) LLL. v. ii. 42 Fair as a text B m
than' (commonly spelt then in old edd.)
1 =as LLL. Ill, i. 188 [180] Than whom no mortal so
magnificent.
2 =than tliatMeas. 11. iv. 134 we are made to be no
stroni/er Thanfaiiltsmai/ shake our frames,AlVsW.
II. i. 88, Wint. 11. i. 148, Cor. i. iv. 17, Lucr. 105
A^or could she morcdize h is wanton sight, 3Iore than
his eyes were opcn'd to (he light.
than^: old form of then, retained in mod. edd. of
Lucr. 1410 for the sake of the rhyme.
thane: Scottish title nearly equivalent to 'earl'
Mac. I. ii. 46 Tlie worthy Ihane of Boss, &c.
thankful : worthy of thanks Per. v. ii. 20.
thankings: thanks Meas. v. i. iJilany and hearty
thankings, Cyiii. v. v, 408,
thanksgiving: thanking LLL. 11. i. 191.
tharborough : form of ' tliirdborough ' = constable
LLL. I. i. 183.
that, pi. those demonstrative adj. and pron.:
1 =such ; adj. All'sW. V. iii. 86 Had you that craft
to reave her Of what should stead her most ?, R3 i.
iv. 260, H811. i. 85, Mac. iv. iii. 74 there cannot be
That oultiire in ijou, to devour so many, Ham. i. v.
48 whose love was of that dignity Tliat . . . ; pron.
Wiv. v. V. 69 those as sleep, H8 in. i. 166 think
us Those ( = such as) we profess, peace-makers.
2 =that is so, precisely Ado n. iii. 155 [145] she
foundBentdick and Beatrice bet ween the sheet.— That,
CaJS. II. i. 15 Crown him?— that J.
3 that's is used like the idiomatic ' there's ' (which
is also S.) Tp. v. i. 95 that's my dainty Ariel, Cor.
v. iii. 76 That's my brave boy .'.
4 (uniting tlie functions of a demonstrative and a
relative) = (i) (he or she who(m) Tw.N. v. i. 154
As great as thai thou fear'st, Ca?s. 11. i. SOdziho's
that knocks?, Lr. i. iv. 281 Woe tliat ( = to him
who) too late npcnts; (ii) = that that, that which,
what (very freq.) Wiv. in. iii. 211 the knave
bragged of that he could not compass, 1H6 11. iv.
60 meditating that Sltall dye your white rose in a
bloody red, Tim. iv. iii. 293 Where West 0' nights
. . .?—l'tider that's nboie me, Honn. exxi. 9 / am
that I am.
that relative pron.: chiefly used to introduce
ihar:icterizing clauses, e.g. Tp. i. ii. 6 / have
siijj/o'd With those that I saw suffer, Err. I. ii. 36
like u drop of water That in the ocean seeks another
drop ; but freely employed also in descriptive
clauses, e. g. Tp. i. ii. 160 Some food . . . and some
fresh mater that A noble Neapolitan, Gonzalo, . . .
did give us ; correlated with so and such it foniia
constructions now obs. Tp. v. i. 210 a witch . , . .so
strong That could control the moon, Cfe.s. l. iii. 116
such n man That is no fleering tell-tale, Cym. in.
iv. 80 a prohibition so divine That cravens my weak
hand.
that conj. (2 most freq. followed by may)
1 = in that, for the reason that, because Gent. iv.
iv. 70 / have entertained thee Partly, that I have
need of such a youth, Tw.N. l. i. 10, Rom. l. i. 222
only poor That, when she dies, with beauty dies her
store, Lr. I. i. 74 Only she comes too short : that I
profess . . .; esp. after a comparative Ado I. iii.
74, 3H6III. iii. 118.
2 =in order that, so that (expressing purpose)
Tp. v. i. 150 that they were [living], I wish Myself
were mndded in that oozy bed, Wiv. iv. ii. 64 watch
the door . . . that none shall issue out, AYL. v. ii.
61 / speak not this that you should bear a good
opinion of my knowledge, 0th. i. i. 158.
3 in a second clause supplying the place of a conj.
introducing the preceding clause LLL. v. ii. 811
//, . . But that . . ., Tw.>i. V. i. 126, 1H6 in. ii. 7,
Cor. V. V. [vi.] 43 When . . . and that. . ., Ham. I.
ii. 2, 0th. II. i. 312 Till . . . Or, failing so, yet that
. . ., in. i. 54, Cym. in. v. 71 /or ( = because) she's
fair and royal. And that . . .; similarly after a
conditional clause with inversion Meas. n. i. 12
Bad time coher'd . . . Or that . . ., Sonn. xxxix. 13
Were it not . . . And that . . .
thatch'd : covered Tp. iv. i. 63 meads t. with stovir.
theft : thing stolen Ham. in. ii. 94 / will pay the t.
^ In All'sW. n. i. 34, Mac. 11. iii. 152 it gets the
meaning of ' stealing away 'by virtue of a quibble.
theme (on Ant. n. ii. 48 see the comin.)
1 what is said, discourse Err. v. i. 65 the subject of
my t., Wint. v. i. 100.
2 business, matter 2H4 I. iii. 22 in a theme so lloody-
fac'd as this.
THEN
224
THIS
then ': sometimes spelt thmi (see than-).
then 2; old form of than ', as piob. in John iv. ii.
42 more [reason], more sirony, than (Fj then) lesser
is my /fa )■( = ' more strong in proportion as my
fear is less', Aldis Wright) ; conj. wlienf, thef.
thence : away, absent Wint. v. ii. 123, 3H6 ii. v.
18 Tliey prosper best . . . when lam t., Troil. i. i.
33 ' when she comes '.'— When is she tJ ; similarly
from thence =&\ya.y from home Mac. in. iv. 30.
theoric : theory AU'sW. iv. iii. 164 the whole t. of
war, H5 1. i. 52, 0th. I. i. 24 theOookish t. U ' Theory ',
although Eliz., is not S.
there (5 cf. where)
1 qualifying a noun or pron., e.g. Err. V. i. 219 That
goldsmith there, R3 I. i. (j7 her brother there ( = thut
iHotlier of hers), rv. iv. 502 ; sometimes separated
from the pron. Err. ll. i. 74 he did heat me there (i.e.
'lie there').
2 =tlmt All'sW. II. iii. 27 what do you call t. ? ; esp.
in there's . . . A'fL. i. iii. 61 there's enough, Cyni.
I. V. 87 there's (til . . .
3 -with that, by that, in that Ado v. ii. 98 There
(=with those words) will I leave you, Rom. iit. iii.
137 there art thou happy. Ant. n. v. 92 dost thou
hold there St ill h
4 =at that, at that juncture, then Mer.V. ii. viii. 46
And even t. . . . he put his hrcnd behind him, Ham.
IT. i. 19, Lr. IV. iii. 31.
5 are yon there with me ?, is that what you moan ?
Lr. IV. vi. 149.
thereabout: that part o/Hani. ir. ii. 477 [468].
thereabouts: meaning that, pointing at that Wint.
I. ii. .378, Ant. in. viii. 38 [x. 29].
thereafter: according «.? 2H4 ni. ii. 56.
therefore : for that, for that purpose or reason, in
respect of that Tp. iii. iii. 100, MXD. in. ii. 78
irhu/ should I get t.?, 1H4 i. i. .30, 2H4 v. iii. 110,
2H6 I. iv. 3 ire are t. provided, iv.viii. 25, R3 iv. iv.
479 t. mistrust me not, Troil. in. iii. 20, Cor. n. iii.
225 dogs that are as often beat for barkinq As t. kept
to do so, 0th. I. iii. 2G3 (referring to the infin. foil.).
thereto : in addition, besides Wint. i. ii. 391, 0th.
II. i. 132, Cym. iv. iv. 33.
thereiinto : = prec. 0th. n. i. 141 There's none so fold
and foul ish thereunlo . , .
therewithal (2 only after and, hut, when)
1 by means of tliat Gent. rv. iv. 177 moved t., LLL.
V. ii. 856.
2 in addition to that, at the same time, moreover
Gent. IV. iv. 92, Mac. ni. i. 34, Cym. ii. iv. 33 one
of the fairest . . . — And therewitlial the best.
Thessaiy: Ant. iv. xi. [xiii.] 2 the boar of T., the
Calydonian boar sent by Artemis to ravage
Thessaiy and killed by Meleager in the celebrated
Calydonian hunt, to which allusion is made in
MND. IV. i. 132.
Thetis: sea-nymph, daughter of Nereus and mother
of Achilles Troil. i. iii. 212, in. iii. 94; used for 'the
sea ', prob. partly by confusion with Tethys, wife
of Oceanus, Troil. i. iii. 39, Per. iv. iv. 39 ; applied
to Cleopatra app. as the partner in Antony's naval
war Ant. iir. vii. 60.
thews : sinews, bodily strength 2H4 in. ii. 279, C*s.
I. iii. 81, Ham. i. iii. 12.
thick: (of slumber) heavy Per. v. i. 235 ; (of sight)
dim 2H4 III. ii. 340 his dimensions to any t. siyhl
were nivincible, Caes. v. iii. 21 ; (of words, &c.),
quick, rapidly uttered Cym. i. vi. 67 The thick sighs,
Lucr. 1784 ;— adv. fast, quickly All'sW. ii. ii'. 49
T., t., spare not me, 2H4ii. iii. 2^ speaking t.. Troil.
III. ii. 36 My heart beats t-er . . . , Ant. i. V. 63 'Why
do you send so thick?, Cym. in. ii. 57.
thicken : to become dim Mac. nr. ii. 50 Light t-s.
Ant. II. iii. 27 thy lustre thickens.
thick-eyed : dim-sighted 1H4 n. iii. 51.
thick-pleached: made with dense hedges of inter-
twined shrubs Ado i. ii. 11 a thick-pleached alley.
thick-sighted: dim-sighted Ven. 136. [13.
thick-skin: blockhead Wiv. iv. v. 2, MXD. in. ii.
thief: term of reproach =; wretch Meas. v. i. 40 an
adulterous t.. Ado in. iii. 130 ; used affectionately
1H4 in. i. 238 Lie still, ye t., 2H4 v. iii. 58 my lilUc
tiny thief.
thievery : thing stolon Troil. iv. iv. 4.3.
thievish :
1 infested with robbers Rom. rv. i. 79 thievish ways.
2 stealthy AU'sW. n. i. 169 the t. minutes, Sonn.
Ixxvii. 8 Time's thievish progress.
thin-belly doublet : doublet with an unpadded
' belly ' or lower part LLL. in. i. 20. ■] Cf. great-
belly.
thing :
1 a2Dj)lied to human beings = being, creature Gent.
IV. ii. 52 each mortal t., H8 i. i. 91 Every man , . .
^oasA t. inspir'd, Mac. v. iv. U none serve with hi:n
but constrained t-s, Cym. i. i. 125 Thoubasest thing.
2 a thing, something LLL. iv. iii. 181 write a t. in
rime, Kom. iv. i. 74 A t. like death, 0th. iii. iii. 301
/ have a thing for you.
think ' (for plir. see long adj.', much 2, scorn)
1 to have despondent ormelancholy thoughts Ant.
in. xi. [xiii.] 1 Think, and die.
2 to bear in mind Mac. in. i. lS2always thought ( = it
being continually borne in mind) That I require a
clear)i(ss.
think on or upon, (1) remember, bear in mind
All'sW. in. ii. 50 T. upon patience, Ham. in. ii. 144
he must build churches then, or else shall he suffer
not thinkiny on ( = shall be forgotten); (2) have
regard or thought for, provide for Wint. iv. iii.
[iv.] 549 Have you thought on A place whereto you'll
go ?, 1H6 I. ii. 116 Tlitn will It. upon arecompcnse,
Lr. V. iii. 252 Well thoitf/ht on; (3) cherish kind
thoughts of, have a good opinion of, esteem Wint.
IV. iii. [iv.] 533 To /(«(•« them recompens'd as thought
on. Cor. II. iii. 61, 196 so his gracious nature Would
think upon you for your voices.
think ^ : it t-s, it seems (impers., as in 'methinks')
R3 in. i. 63 Where it t-s t best unto your royal self
(Ff think' st, Qqi2 seems). Ham. v. ii. 63 Does it
not, thinks' t thee, . . . (Fi thinkst, Qq ihiiik(e) ; with
the Ff readings cf. melhiuk'st in All'sW. ii. iii.
269. 1 In Conipl. 91 thinks app. ^ methinks.
thinkings: thoughts All'sW. v. iii. 128, H8in. ii.
135 Jli-< t-s are below the moon, Oth. in. iii. 131.
tliird: Eliz. form of thread Tp. iv. i. 3 a ^. of my
///(■(some mod. edd. Ihrid-f, another 16tli cent,
form).
third-borough t (Theobald) : constable Shr. Ind.
i. 12 (old edd. Headborowjh).
thirst : to desire to drink (to a person) Mac. in. iv.
91 to all, and him, we thirst.
thirsty: Meas. i. ii. 1^9 thirsty evil.
this, pi. these (reduced to 's Ham. in. ii. 136
wilhin 's two hours -.—this is is occas. contracted
to this iNIeas. v. i. 132 This a good friar, Shr. i. ii.
46, Lr. rv. vi. 188, Cym. ii. ii. 50; cf. Chaucer,
'This al and som, and pleynly our entente ')
A. Idiomatic uses of the adj.
1 this other day, the other day, just lately All'sW.
rv. iii. 226, 1114 in. iii. 150, Lr. i. ii. 158 ; within
this mile, within a mile of this Cor. i. iv. 8, Mac.
V. v. 37.
2 such (followed by as) Tw.N. in. iv. 281 do me this
courteous office, as to know . . ., Cies. i. ii. 173 these
hard conditions as this time Is like to lay upon its.
3 these and these, such and such Cnes. n. i. 31 ; these
many, so many C*s. iv. i. 1.
THISNE - '2
B. Idiomatic absolute uses.
4 =tliis person Ado v. ill. 33, LLL. v. ii. 637 Hector
icus hut a TroytDi hi respcd n/lliis, 3Ht) v. v. 56 He
menu man; this, in respect, a child, Lr. i. i. 20.
5 this it is, (i) this is wliat it is, so it is Gent. v. ii.
49 this it is to he a pcerish //irl, R3 i. i. 62 /his it is,
ivhen meiKtre ruVd hij nijiiun, H8 ii. iii. 81, Ant.
II. vii. 12 ; (ii) it is as I shall tell you Gent. i. iii.
90, Ado III. V. 7, Ca;s. iv. iii. 197, Ant. iv. x. 4.
6 hij this, by this time Cies. i. iii. 125 ; from this,
hontet'orwaid Li\ i. i. 118 from this for ever ; — to
this, to such an extent Ant. v. i. 48.
7 ellipt. =(it is) as lollows Troil. i. ii. 12 The noise
ijoes this: there is uinon(j the Greeks . . ., Per. ill.
Gower 24 To the court . . . Are letters brought, the
tenoiir these.
C. adverbial = in this way, thus Ven. 205 that thou
shonldst conteiiiH me this ; = thus, so Per. ii. Gower
40 this lonr/'s the text (Ff 3 ^ thus ; some read //(/,v
/on(/4' = belongs to); perhaps = thus far John 11. i.
518 further I will nut flatter you . . . Tlian this.
thisne: (?) in this way MND. i. ii. 56. ^ ' This-
soii(s) ' belongs to northern and midl. dialects.
thitherward: on his way thither All'sW.ui.ii. 55.
thorough adv. and i>rep.: through K2 v. vi. 43
Vi'ith Vain 1/0 iiiindtr tliuraiti/hf sluulcs of night (Qi
thnnujh, Ft throuyh tlic), 2H'6 iv, i. 87, Caes. v. i. 110
to he led. . . T. the streets of Home, Per. iv. iii. 35
It pierc'd we t., Lucr. 1861 To show her hleediwj
body thorough Home.
thou: the pron. used (1) in addressing relatives or
Iriends attectionately, (2) by masters when speak-
ing good-humouredly or confidentially to ser-
vants; but//(0Mis replaced by (/oiewhen.thetoneof
speech becomes cold, serious, or angiy, or when
tliou with its pertaining inflexions would produce
a heavy eflfect (ef. Tp. v. i. 75-79, Gent. i. i. 9-20,
25, 28, 36-39, 11. i. 16, 46, 11. iv. 120, iv.iv. 48, 1H4
II. iii. 42-62, 101-117, iii. ii., 1H6 iv. vi. 6-9, Cies.
V. V. 31-33, Lr. iv. vi. 33, 42 ; it is used (3) in
contemptuous or angry speech to strangers (ct.
Tw.N. III. ii. 50 if thou thoiCst him some thrice tt
shall not he umiss), and (4) in solemn style gener-
ally. For details see Abbott's Shakespearian
Grammar §§231 foil.
though: irhtit though (1) witli clause = even though
Ado V. i. 135 What t. care killed a cut, thou hust
mettle enough in thee to kill care, R3 l. i. 153, Ant.
III. xi. [xiii.) 4, Ven. 574 What t. the rose hath
jirickles, yet 'tis pluck' d ; (2) with ellipsis of clause
r^What does it matter? What then? Wiv. i. i.
288, AYL. III. iii. 53, John i. i. 169, H5 11. i. 9.
thought (1 cf. THOUGHT-SICK and think' 2)
1 care, anxiety, sorrow, melancholy AYL. iv. i.
224 [217], Troil. iv. ii. 6 infants' [sleep'] empty of
all t., Ca?s. II. i. 187 take t. ( = give way to sorrow
or melancholy), Ham. iii. i. 85 the pale cast of t.,
IV. V. 187 T. and eiffliction, Ant. iv. vi. 36.
2 phr. with a t., in an instant, in no time Tp. iv. i.
164 Come with u t., 1H4 11. iv. 246, Cks. v. iii. 19,
Ant. IV. xii. [xiv.]9(i()i with at. Thereickdislimns;
similarly j(/K»i (I t. Mac.iii. iv. 55; int., in silence,
without (it) being spoken of R3 iii. vi. 14.
thoughten: be you t., think Per. iv. vi. 119.
thought-executing: doing execution with the
rapidity of thought Lr. iii. ii. 4.
thoughtful (once): careful 2H4 iv. v. 71 they have
ban tlioaijhtful to iiiiist Their sons . . .
thought-sick : sick with anxiety Ham. iii. iv. 51.
Thracian : the T. poet, snujir, Orpheus, who was
torn to pieces by Thracian women under the ex-
citement of the Bacchanalia MND. v. i. 49 ; his
music charmed even Cerberus Tit. 11. iv. 51 ; the
T. steeds, the snow-white horses of Rhesus, king of
J - THRONG
Thrace, 3H6 IV. ii. 21; the T.tyrant,F(}\ym{n)eHtor,
king of the Thracian Chersonese, who murdered
Priam's son Polydorus, Tit. i. i. 138.
thrall: enslaved Ven. 837 love makes young ment.
thrasonical: boastful LLL v. i. 14, AYL. v. ii.
35 t'asar's t. hrug. T] Thraso is a boasting cha-
racter in Terence's Eunucluis.
thread: in allusion to the thread of life spun and
cut by the Parcae or Fates, MND. v. i.293 0 Fates,
conic, come. Cut thnad and thrum (cf. thkuw), 349,
H5 III. vi. 49 Hardolph's vital t., 0th. v. ii. 204
graf Shore his old t. in twain. ^ See also THIRD.
threa'den : made of woven threads H5iii. Chor. 10^.
sails. Compl. 'i'i thrciulen fillet.
three- farthings : three-farthing silver piece
coined under Queen Elizabeth, which was very
thin and bore the queen's prolile with a rose be-
hind the ear John i. i. 143.
three-hooped : see hoop sb. 2.
three-man : see beetle sb.
three-man-song-men: singers of 'threemen(s)
songs ' (app. orig. called ' freemen(s) songs '), a
lively kind of catch or round popular in Eliz.
times AVint. iv. ii. [iii.] 45.
three-nook'd [ef. nook-shotten] : three-cornered
Ant. IV. vi. 6 the t. world*, variously explained as
= (a) divided among the triumvirs, of. Caes. iv. i.
14 The threefold world divided, (b) consisting of
Europe, Asia, and Africa, (c) divided into three
parts as between Shem, Hani, and Japheth ; cf.
John V. vii. 116 tlie three corners of the world.
three-pile: three-piled velvet Wint.iv.ii. [iii.] 14.
three-piled: having a very thick pile ; name of
the richest kind of velvet Meas. i. ii. 34 thou art
good velvet; thou art a t. piece; fig. superfine
LLL. v. ii. 408 Three-pil'd hyperboles.
three-suited*: (app.) havingthreesuitsof clothes
a year, proliably a servant's allowance Lr. 11. ii. 16
beggarly, tlircv-suitid . . . knave.
threne, anglicized form of (Ueek threnos : funeral
song or dirge Phoen. 49 it made tins threne (below,
the title is //(»((io,v).
thrice-crowned : epithet of Diana, alluding to her
threefold character as ruling in heaven (as Luna
or Cynthia), on earth (as Diana), and in the lower
world (as Hecate or Proserpina) AYL. in. ii. 2 t.
ijueen of night.
thrice-drivien : see driven, thridt : see third.
thrift (the mod. sense is rare Hani. i. ii. ISO)
1 gain, profit Wiv. i. iii. 45, 91, Mer.V. i. iii. 51 my
well-won t., 91, Wint. 1. ii. 311 their profits. Their
own particular t-s. Ham. in. ii. 67 Where t. inuy
follow fawning, 195.
2 "thriving, success, advantage Mer.V. i. i. 176, Cym.
V. i. \hto the doers' thrift.
thriftless: unprofitable Tw.N. 11. ii. 40 What t.
sighs, Soiin. ii. 8 thriftless praise.
thrifty (cf. thrift 2)
1 intent on gain Mer.V. 11. v. 55, Troil. v. i. 61.
2 obtained by economy AYL. 11. iii. 39 The t. hire 1
sav'd.
thrilling: causing one to shiver with cold Meas.
III. i. 121 thrilling region of thick-rihhed ice.
thrive : to t. =help me to succeed R2 i. iiL 84 Mine
innejctncy and Saint George to thrive!.
thriving : successful Wint. 11. ii. 45 A t. issue.
throat: voice AYL. 11. v. 4, Cor. iii. ii. 112 My t. of
war be turn'd . . . into a pipe . . ., 0th. in. iii. 356.
throe: to pain Tp. 11. i. 239 [231] a birth . . . Which
t-s thee much to yield ; tobring/o>//i Ant. in. vii. 80*.
throne : to be enthroned Cor. v. iv. 27.
throng: to oppress, overwhelm Per. i. i. 101 to tell
the earth is t-'d Hy innn's oppression, 11. i. 78 A muH
ihrong'd up with cold.
THROUGH - 2;
throug'li: tlioroughlyTroil. ll. iu.2'66t.nariii, Cyni.
IV. ii. 100 seek us t. (=follow us up with detci--
mination).
throilgllly (commoner tlian thorouqhhj) : Tp. hi.
iii. U, H8 V. i. Ill, Ham. iv. v. 135.
throw sb. : cast of the dice LLL. v. ii. 545, Mer.V.
ir. i. 33 ; fig. venture Tw.N. v. i. 45 at this t. ; of
a bowl Cor. \. ii. 21 IJkc to a howl itimn a subtle
ground, 1 have iiuiibleil past the t. (i.e. gone beyond
tlie mark).
throw vb. :
1 to cast (a look), direct (the eye) AYIj. iv. iii. 104
he throe his eye aside, Tw.N. v. i. 222, 3Hii ii. v. 85
T. tiji thine (ijc, Cym. v. v. 3'J5, Lucr. 1499 Hhe t-s
Iter tilts idmitt tlie jiainlinf/ round.
2 to slied 3IND. ii. i. 255 iltere the snake throws her
ciinnuird ski)i,
throw away, divert, deflect Soun. cxlv. 13 ' I hate '
frill, I hii/t iiirai/ she throv ; throw hy, lay aside,
cast otf Lucr. 1S14 noit' he tliroifs tlmt shaltoin hahit
hy, Pilgr. vi. 9 [79] t-s his mantle hi/; throw
down, overtlirow, bring low AYL. i. ii. 267 Mi/
better parts Are all t-n down, R2 in. iv. 66, Troil.
III. iii. 209 To t. down Hector ; throw . . . on, (1)
bestow or confer upon John iv. ii. 12 To t. a per-
fume on the violet, Tit. IV. iii. 19 1 threw the people's
suffrages On him, 0th. I. i. 52 t-ing hut shows of
service on their lords ; (2) inflict or put upon Err.
V. i. 202 the wrong That she . . . hath . . . t-n on me,
R2 III. ii. 22 T. death upon thy sovereign's enemies,
Otli. IV. ii. 116, IV. iii. 93 T-itig restraint tipon us.
thrum : tufted end of a weaver's Avarp ; only in
phr. MND. V. i. 293 thread and thrum, fig. good
and bad together, everytliing ; cf. tiihead.
thrnmmed : made of coarse yarnWiv. iv. ii. 82 Iter
thniiniiud lull.
thrusting" on: impulse Lr. i. ii. 141 divine t.
thunder-hearer Lr. ii. iv. 230, thunder-darter
Troil. II. iii. 11, thunderer Cym. v. iv. 95, thun-
der-master V. iv. 30 : appellations of Jove.
thunderstone : thunderbolt Cies. i. iii. 49.
thwart ailj. : perverse Lr. i. iv. 307.
thwart vb. : to cross Per. iv. iv. 10 thwarting the
iiag/raril seas.
thwart adv. : crosswise, the wrong way Troil. i. iii.
15' every action . . . trial did draio Bias anil tlticart
(taken by some as a vb.).
Tib : as a proper name typify ing M'omen of the lower
class AU'sW. II. ii. 25 As Jit . . . as Tib's rush for
Tom's forefinger ; common woman Per. iv. vi. 181
cit ry Coystril that comes inquiring for his Tib.
tice (once) : to entice Tit. ii. iii. 92.
tickle adj. : easily sliif ted, unstable, insecure Meas.
I. ii. 183 thy Iiead stands sot. on tliy shoulders, 2H6
I. i. 217 the stale of Xormandy Stands on a t. point,
llani. II. ii. 346 [337] (see sere), ^j Cf. Tickyll nat
stuly, 'inconstant' (Palsgr.).
tickle vb.:
1 to disturb by tickling Cym. iv. ii. 210 as some fly
had tickled slumber.
2 to touch plcasurably Cym. i. i. 85 How fine this
tyrant Cunt, wliere she wounds.', Sonn. cxxviii. 0.
3 to flutter John ll. i. hT-i That smooth-fac'd gentle-
man, tickling Commodity, Cor. i. i. 206 Tickled ivitli
good success.
4 to vex, irritate, nettle 2H6 i. iii. 153 She's t-d now.
5 to touch (one) up, pay (one) out Tw.N. v. i. 199,
nil It. iv. 495 I'll t. ye for a young prince ( = 1'11
show you what a young prince ought to be).
tickle-brain : strong liquor 1H4 ii. iv. 443.
tickled (Ff) : app. error lor tickle adj. Hani. ii. ii.
346 [337], [IV. v. 61.
tickling (Ff), ticklish (Q) : wanton, prurient Troil .
tick-tack \ form of backgammon in which pegs
5 — TIME
wore driven into holes ; used with indelicate ap-
plication in Meas. i. ii. 202.
tide sb. (most freq. applied to the ebb and flow of
the sea, also fig.)
1 time, season John in. i. Sdtheliigh t-sin the calen-
dar (i.e. the great festivals), Kom. in. v. 178 (?),
Tim. I. ii. 58 Flow this way ! , . . he keeps his tides
will (with a pun) ; perhaps = riglit time Troil. v.
i. 92 I have imjiortant business. The tide whereof is
now (or ? short for ' flood-tide ' used fig.).
2 course (of time) Clbs. hi. i. 257 the noblest man
That ever lived in the tide of times. [death.
tide vb.: to betide, befall MND. v. i. 207 T. life, t.
tiding's: equally common witli sing. (R2 iii. iv.
80) and pi. (Rom. in. v. 105) concord.
tidy (once) : (?) in seasonable or prime condition,
fit for killing ; or delicate, tender (ironicallyj
2H4 II. iv. 249 Thou whoreson little tidy Barlholo-
meio boar-pig. ^ Cf. Tidie, latte, or tender,
' Cereus ' (Rider's Diet., 1589).
tie: to bring into bondage, restrict tlie liberties of
H8 IV. ii. 36 one, that by suggestion Tied all the
kingdom. ^ In fig. meanings, used where we
should now prefer to say ' bind ' or ' confine '.
tied : (of the eyes) fixed Compl. 24 ; obliged Slir. i.
i. 216, R2 I. i. 63.
tig'er- footed : fierceandswiftCor. iii. i. 310^. rage.
ti^ht (1 formerly said also of casks)
1 (of ships) not leaking, sound Tp. v. i. 224 t, and
yare, Slir. ii. i. 373 [381] tight galleys.
2 able, deft Ant. iv. iv. 15.
ti&htly :
1 like a ' tight ' ship, safely Wiv. i. iii. 86^ 6£«r ?/0!t
these letters t. : Sail like my pinnace to these golden
shores.
2 soundly Wiv. ii. iii. 67 clapper-claw thee tightly.
tike: small dog, cur Lr. in. vi. 73 bobtail t. ; as a
term of contempt to a person H5 il. i. 31 Base tike.
tilly-fally, -vally : expression of contempt at
something said Tw.N. ii. iii. 86, 2H4 ll. iv. 89.
tilt: to thrust ftHioiu. in. i. 164, 0th. n. iii. 185
tilting one at other's breast ; to fight, contend Err.
IV. ii. 6 his heart's meteors tilting in his face, 1H4
II. iii. 97 to tilt Kith lips.
tilter : properly, one who runs a ' tilt ' in a tourna-
ment AYL. III. iv. 44 ; transf. fighter, fencer Meas.
IV. iii. 17. [44.
tilth: tillage, cultivation Tp. ii. i. 159, Meas. i. iv.
timber'd: Ham. iv. vii. 22 my arrows. Too slightly
t. ( = of too light a wood)/or so loud a wind, 0th. ii.
i. 48 His bark is stoutly t. ( = strongly built).
time (often jjersonified as masculine)
1 age, duration of life Gent. ii. vii. 48 a youth Of
greater t., LLL. I. ii. 18 your old t., H8 ii. i. 93,
Cym. I. i, 43 all the learnings that hist. Could make
him thereceiver of.
2 (one's) life or lifetime AYL. ii. iv. 96 waste my t.,
All'sW. I. i. 17, Rom. iv. i. %Q thy long experienc'd
t., Lr. I. i. 298 The best and soundest of his time
(=his best and sanest years), 0th. i. i. 162 my de-
spised time ; rarely witliout possessive pron. R2 i.
i. 177 mortal t-s ( = human existence). Ant. in. ii.
60 the time ( = the remainder of my life).
3 (chiefly the time) the present state of affairs, the
present moment, present circumstances LLL. v.
ii. 'iSO As bomljiist and as lilting to the t., John iv.
ii. 61 the time's enemies, v. ii. 12 such a sore of t.,
1H4 IV. i. 25 the state oft., Ctes. ii. i. 115 the time's
abuse. Ham. I. v. 188 the t. is out of joint, in. i.
116 ; in time, in the present All'sW. iv. ii. 62.
4 the ago in wliicli one lives, (hence) the world,
society, mankind All'sW. ir. i. 55 (see cap 1 ii),
R3 V. lit. 93 deceive the t., Mac. i. v. 64 beguile the t.,
vii. SI, Ham. iii. i. 70 the whips and scorns of i,,
TIMEI.ESS-
227
-TO
Otli. IV. i i. 53 Ihe t. of acorn { = the scornful world),
Veil, loathe rights oft. (=tlie claims ol society),
Sonn. cxvii. 6.
riirascs :—
(!) (/Ik) time uKs that (or nlien) = oncc upon a time
Err. II. ii. 117, AYL. iii. v. 92, All'sW. iv. iv. 5,
2H4 ir. iii. 10; also the time lias hccii, the times
hate hcai Mac. in. iv. 78, v. v. 10 ; similarly ivhai
time inis Tp. ii. ii. 149 I was the man i' the moon,
tiltin time was,
(ii) fair ovfioodiime of day =good-AAy LhL. v. ii. 340,
K3 I. i. 122, Tim. in. vi. 1 ; yiie the t. of day, greet
2H6 III. i. 14 ; not worth the t. of day, not worth
speaking to Per. iv. iii. 35.
(iii) qood time, happy issue, good fortune AVint. ii.
i. "20 (jood t. encounter her!, Cym. iv. ii. 108 1 wish
my brother make good time with him.
(iv) mgood t., on ^seasonable occasion, at the right
moment Err. ii. ii. 66 to jest mgood t., Cor. iv. vi.
10 Westoodto'l in goodt., Lr. ii. iv. 253; ata happy
juncture, propitiously Meas. v. i. 281, R3 ii. i. 45
ut (joodt., here comes the nolle duke, iv. i. 12 ; hence
by "ellipsis ^arrived at a happy moment, well met
Gent. I. iii. 44, Rom. I. ii. 46; use!, like Fr. 'a la
bonne heure ', to express approbation or acqui-
escence Tp.ii. i. 100, Meas. III. i. 181, also to express
indignation or scorn -that's good! forsooth! in-
deed! Slir. II. i. 196 Mysdf am mot'd to woo thee
. . .—Moi''d.' in goodt., Rom. iii. v. 112,0th. i. i.
32 Jie, in good t.l must his lieutenant he. See also
happy time s.v. happy 1.
(V) at a t., at some time or other 0th. ii. iii. 321 (Qq
at some tune).
(vi) to t., to the end of time, for ever Cor. v. iii. 127
to keep I/our name lAting tt> time, fSonn. xviii. 12.
(vii) t<ik( (one's) t., seize one's opportunity Tp. ii. i.
310 [302J, 3H6 i. iv. 108, v. i. 48 Come, Warwick,
take the time. Ant. ii. vi. 23.
timeless (1 chiefly with death)
1 untimely, premature Gent. lll. i. 21 your t. r/rarc,
1H6 V. iv. 5 thy t. cruel death. Tit. ii. in.2(}5'this t.
tragedy, Rom. v. iii. 162.
2 unseasonable Lucr. 44 nil too timeless speed.
timely adj.: early, speedy Err. i. i. 138 my t. datth ;
opportune, welcome Jlac. iit. iii. 7 To gain the t.
inn (or ?=to reach tlie inn betimes).
timely adv.: early, betimes Mac. ii. iii. 52, Cym. i.
vi. 97.
timely-parted: having died in the natural course
of time 2H6 in. ii. 161.
tim.e-pleaser : time-server, temporizer Tw.N. ii.
iii. 162, Cor. iii. i. 44. ^ 'Time-server' is not S.
time-pleasing : time-serving Ham. (Qi) line 1234
tiiiic-phasing tongs (i.e. tongues).
tinCt (2 cf. LIQUOR, MEDICINE)
1 colour Ham. in. iv. 91, Cym. ii. ii. 23 ; in Ant.i.v.
Zl that great tnedicine hatit With liis t. gilded tlia,
there is allusion to sense 2.
2 the grand elixir of the alchemists All'sAV. v. iii.
102 the tinct and )iiuUfj>lying medicine.
tincture :=T[NCT 1, Gent. iv. iv. 162, Wint. in. ii.
206 briny T. or lustre in her lip, her eye, Sonn. liv.
C ; in Cies. ii. ii. 89 t-s, stains, relics, and cognizanci ,
there is allusion to the heraldic use of the word,
and to the practice of dipping handkerchiefs in
the blood of martyrs.
tinder-box: ajiplitd to Bardolph because of his
' flaming' nose Wiv. i. iii. 25.
tinder-like : ' flaming up ' quickly Cor. ii. i. 56.
tinker : proverbial tvpc of tipplers and talkers
Tw.N. II. iii. 97 to gabble like i-s, 1H4 ll. iv. 21 /
can drink with any tinker in his own language.
tinsel : clotli of gold or silver Ado iii. iv. 22 under'
borne with u bluish tinsel.
tiny (old edd. only t/ne, tyne): always joined with
little, Tw.N. V. i. 401, 2H4 v. i. 29, Lr. in. ii. 74.
tipstaves : ' [so called from their Staves being tipt
with Silver] Officers who take into Custody such
Persons as are committed by the Court ' (Bailey)
H8 II. i. stage dir.
tire sb.: head-dress Gent. iv. iv. 192, Ant. ii. v. 22,
Sonn. liii. 8, \ In Per. in. ii. 22 app. = bed furni-
ture.
tire vb. (cf. ' Tiring [in Falconry], giving a Hawk
a Leg or "Wing of a Pullet to Pluck at ', Bailey)
1 to iney or feed ravenously upon 3H6 i. i. 209 y\'ill
. . . like an empty eagle T. on the flesh of me. Yen.
56 ; fig. Tim. lii. vi. 5 Upon that were my thoiu/hts
tinny ( = busily engaged), Cym. in. i\.\)l her That
now thou tir'st on. [he tir'd.
2 to glut (the eyes) Lucr. 417 in his wilt his wilful eye
tired: clothed, dressed (fig.) Yen. 177' Titaii, t. in
the mid-day heat ; adorned with trappings LLL.
IV. ii. 132 tlie tired horse.
tire-valiant: fanciful head-dress AYiv. in. iii. 60.
tiringt : dressing the Ijair Err. ii. ii. 101 (Ft trying.
Pope tyriugf. Collier 'tirinyf).
tiring'-house : dressing-room MND. iii. i. 5.
tirrits: (?) for ' terrors ' 2H4 ii. iv. 219.
'tis : there's Gent. iv. iv. 72 'tis no trusting to yond
foolish lout.
tisick : consumptive cough Troil. v. iii. 101. H
Used as a proper name in 2H4 n. iv. 91.
tissue : cloth of gold off., stuff made of gold thread
and silk woven together Ant. n. ii. 207. ^] Phr.
borrowed from North's Plutarch, rendering
Amyot's 'or tissu'.
Titan: god of the sun lH4ii. iv. VibDidsl thou never
sec T. kiss a dish of butter ?, Rom. ii. iii. 4 I-s fiery
wheels. Yen. 177.
tithe adj.: tenth All'sW. i. iii. 90 One good woman
in ten . . . we'd find no fault with tlie tithe-woman
if I were the parson (quibblingly, =tenth woman
and woman paying tithe), Troil. ii. ii. 19 Every
tithe soul.
tithe vb.: to levy a tenth, take tithe John ni. i. 154
tithe or toll.
tithed : involving the slaughter of a tenth Tim. v.
iv. 31 a tithed death ( = decimation).
tithe-pig : pig paid as tithe Rom. i. iv. 80.
tithing" : district, being orig. the tenth part of a
liundred Lr. iii. iv. 138 whijrped from t. to t. (i.e.
as a vagabond).
title (2 very freq. ; plir. make ^. =lay claim All'sNV.
I. iii. 108, H5 i. ii. 68)
1 inscription, motto Mer.V. ii. ix. 35.
2 name, appellation Wiv. v. v. 252 [240] imdutious
t. ( = name of undutifulness), Ado n. i. 214, R3 iv.
iv. 351 tliat t. 'ever', H8 iv. i. 96 that t-'s [viz. lork-
place]lost,Tim.l.u.9blliatcharitablet. [of 'hieiids'],
Mac. v. vii. Sat. More hateful to mine car [than
' Macbeth '].
3 interest (in something) R3 ii. ii. 48.
4 that to which onehasatitle,possession(s)Air.sAV.
n. iv. 28* To say notliing, to do notliing . . . is to be
a great part of your t., Mac. iv. ii. 7 to leave his
babes, His mansion, and his titles.
titled : having a (certain) name All'sW. iv. ii. 2 T,
goddess ( = having the name of a goddess), Troil. ii.
iii. 205 As amply titled as Achilles is.
tittle : point or dot ; spec, applied to the dots com-
monly printed at the end of the alphabet in horn-
books LLL. IV. i. 85 exchange . . . for t-s ? titles.
to adv.: used interjectionally = go oil ! Troil. ii.i. 119
to, Achilles! to, Ajax! to!; — to and hack = the
commoner to and fro Ant. i. iv. 46.
to prep, (obsolete or archaic uses are)
1 in addition to, besides, to accompany John i. i. 144,
TOAD-SPOTTED —
228
- TOOTH
R3iii. i. \16 that's the snord to it, Troil. i. i. Istrowj,
and ikilful to their strength, Kom. I. iii. 106 scik
happij nitjhts to huppij days, Mac. ill. i. 52, Lucr.
1580 I ew storms to tliose already spent.
2 in opposition to, against LLL. v. ii. 87 Saint Denis
to Saint Cupid;, R2 i. i. 76 ana to arm, 1H6 i. iii.
47, H8 m. ii. 93 nhcthis anycr to him, Troil. ir. i. 93
set your nit to a foot's, Lr. iv. ii. 75 lending his
saord To his great master.
3 in connexion or relation with Tp. in. iii. 60 that's
my business to you, MND. in. ii. 62 What's this to
my Lysander?, Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 7GS, 828 Tell me
. . . nhat yon have to the king. Cor. iv. v. 133 no
quarrel . . . to Koine, Tim. iv. iii. 288 (see have 3).
4 appropriate or pertinent to Meas. v. i. 91 Thejihrase
IS to the matter, Troil. in. i. 33 That's to't, indeed
(-That's coining to the point).
5 in accordance with, according to, to coiTespond
with LLL. V. ii. 300 to the manner of the days,
Mer. V. 11. ix. 20 To my heart's hope, Shr. iv. iii. 97,
TroiL IV. iv. 1 34 to her oiin north She shall be priz'd,
3Iac. HI. iii. 4, Per. iv. i. 35 to all reports ; to the
ntniost of MND. v. i. 105 to my capacity, Cor. ii. i.
265 to's poner.
6 denoting inclination or preparedness for (some-
thing) H5 IV. iii. 35 he wliich hath no stomach to
this fi'jht. Ham. III. iii. 24 Arm yon . . , to this
speedy eoyag:
7 in comparison with, as compared with, to be
compared to Tp. ir. i. 178 thou, dost talk nothing to
me, Gent. ir. iv. 139 There is no woe to his correc-
tion, 2H4 IV. iii. 56 show like gilt tno-pences to me,
1H6 III. ii. 25 So miij to that, Mac. in. iv. 64 Iiii-
ptjstors to true fear. Ham. i. ii. 140, Cym. iii. iiL
26 no life to ours.
8 in respect of, with regard to Tim. i. i. 148 Pawn
me to this your honour, in. v. I yuu hate my voice
to it, Lr. in. i. 62 to effect ; of. guilty to, see
GUILTY ad fin.
9 in the character of, as, for Tp. ii. i. 79 with such a
paragon to their queen, R2 iv. i. 308 / liave <i king
here to my fleitterer, H5 in. vii. 65, Cor. v. iii. 178
This fellow had ei Volsciaii to his mother, C»s. in.
i. 143, Mae. iv. iii. 10 As I shall find the time to
friend ( = friendly).
10 contextual uses and phrases : — Gent. i. i. 57 To
Milan let me hear from thee by letters ( = by letters
sent to Milan) ; Tw.N. in. iii. 21 'tis long to night
( = from now till night); 0th. ii. iii. 199 hurt to
elanger (=dangeroiisly) ; Phoen. 58 To eternity
( = eternally).
11 to isfreq. employed with the infln. (i) where the
modern idiom has ' at-ing', 'for -ing ', Slir. in. ii.
27 / cannot blame thee now to weep, K2 v. i. 31 with
rage To be o'erpower'd, Mac. v. ii. 23, Sonn. Ixiv.
14 weep to have . . . (ii) =as to AYL. ii. iii. 7 woiilel
yon be so fond to overcome . . . , R3 in. ii. 27, H8
III. i. 85 Though he be i/rown so desperate to be honest,
Cym. I. iv. 109 to convince. Yen. 150 Xot gross to
toad-spotted: stained with infamj', as a toad is
sjiotted Lr. V. iii. 140 toad-spotted traitor.
toast: piece of toast put into liquor Wiv. in. v.
4 ; Jig. Troil. I. iii. 45 made a toast for Xeptune
( = swallowed up by the sea); allusive phr. 1H4
IV. ii. 22 toasts-eind-buttcr (=eaters of buttered
toast, i.e. delicate fellows).
toastiiig°-iron : toasting-fork ; applied contemp-
tuously to a swoni John iv. iii. 99.
toaze : to tear (fig.) Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 7G3 t. from
thee thy business. ^ Cf. touse.
feo-toless: to Ijlcss entirely Per. iv. vi. 23 the gods
to-bless your honour !.
todbb.: 2;lb. weight of wool ; as vb. to yield this
quantity Wint. iv. ii. [iii.] 33, 34 Every 'levin
wether t-s ; every tod yields pound and odd shilling.
todpole : old form of tadpole Lr. in. iv. 133.
tofore: previously LLL. in. i. 88; formerly Tit.,
in. i. 293 as thou tofore hast been.
toget, tog"uet : Roman toga Gor. ii. iii. 122 in this
ivolush toge (Fi tongue, Ff2-4 gowne).
tog'ed : wearing a toga, gowned 0th. l. i. 25 (Qi)
the toged consuls (Ft Qq^a tongued ; cf. prec).
toil sb.: net, snare LLL. iv. iii. 2 they have pitched
(I tod, Ham. in. ii. o69 drive me into a toil.
toilvb.: to put to exertion, tax the strength of
MXD. V. i. 74 t-'d their . . . memories, R2 iv. i. 96
toil'd with works of war, 2H6 i. i. 84, Ham. i. i. 72.
token sb.: marlc on the body of disease or infection,
esp. of the plague LLL. v. ii. 424 the Lord's t-s
( = plague-spots >, Troil. ii. iii. 189 (see death-
TOKES), Lucr. 1748 Corrupted blood some ivatery
token shows. ^ Cf. 'Tokens', the plague (Diet, of
Canting Crew).
token'd : the t. pestilence, the plague (cf. prec.) Ant.
III. viii. 19 [X. 9].
toleratole : (app.) passable All'sW. ii. iii. 212 thon
didst meike t. vent of thy travel. ^Otherwise only
as misused by Dogben-y for ' intolerable ' Ado ui.
iii. 37.
toll vb.' (each sense only once)
1 to take toll, levy a tax John ni. i. 154.
2 to take as a toll, collect 2H4 iv. v. 73 tolling from
every flower The virtuoussweets (C^toli ng \ Ficulling).
3 /. for, take out a licence for selling ; fig. get rid of
AU'sW. V. iii. 150 / will . . . toll for this (sell.
Bertram) ; Fll none of him.
toll vb.2 (each sense only once)
1 (of a clock) to strike 115 iv. Chor. 15.
2 to ring the passing-bell for 2H4 1. i. 103 (Ff knoll-
ing).
Tom; typical name of a servant or man of the
lower class LLL. v. ii. 922 Tom bears logs into the
hall, All'sW. II. ii. 25 fit . . . as Tib's rusk for
Tom's forefinger, 1H4 n. i. 6 [an ostler's name],
n. iv. 9 [a drawer's name], 2H6 ii. iii. 77.
tombed : buried Sonn. iv. 13.
tomboy: wanton Cym. i. vi. 122 tomboys hir'd.
tongas: some rude musical instrument MXD. iv. i.
33 let lis heue the t. and the bones. (In Fi follows
stage dir. Mnsicke Tongs, Rurall Musicke).
tongTie sb. (2 freq. in gen. sense)
1 the common or general t., common report, general
opinion Tim. i. i. 175, Ant. i. ii. 114.
2 language ; 1H4 in. i. 125 the t., the English lan-
guage (J.) ; the t-s, foreign languages Gent. iv. i.
33, Ado V. i. 171.
3 vote Cor. n. iii. 216, in. i. 34.
tong-ue vb.: to speak, utter Cym. v. iv. 147 such
stuff asmeidineii T. ; to speak against, scold, abuse
Meas. IV. iv. 28 How might she tongue me.
tongued: (?) eloquent 0th. i. i. 25 (see toged).
tongTieless : not spoken of Wint. i. ii. 92.
to-night : last night Ado in. v. 33, Mer.'Y. ii. v. 18
1 did dream of money-bags to-night, H5 in. vii. 78
the etrmour that I saw in your lent t., Roin. ii. iv.
2 Came he not home to-night ?, Csps. ir. ii. 76.
too: and too, and at the same time Err. in. i. 110
wild and yet, too, gentle, Ctes. li. i. 244, Ven. 1147,
1155 It sh<dl be merciful, and too severe.
tool : weapon Rom. i. i. 36, Cym. v. iii. 9, Lucr.
1039. [118.
too much : excess All'sAV. in. ii. 92, Ham. iv. vii.
tooth : colt's t., symbol of youthful inexperience H8
I. iii. 48 Your volt's t. is not cast yet ; — in, into, or
to onc'a teeth, in or to one's face Err. ii. ii. 'Ii flout
mc in the teeth, 1H4 v. ii. 42, Cscs. v. ^.'n^ Defiance
. . hurl we in your teeth. Ham. iv. vii. 66 tell him
TOOTHPZCKSB -
229
■TOY
to his /edit ;— ui despite of the teeth of, in defiance
ofWiv. V. V. i;i5 .— /)0)(( his teeth, not from tlie
licart Ant. iir. iv. 10.
toothpicker: tootlipiek Adoir. i. 277.
top sb. (3 Lodge lias ' in top of all tliy pride ')
1 liead All'sW. r. il. 43, Lr. ir. iv. 165/(1(7 On her
unijmlefultop, Oyni. iv. ii. 354.
2 forelock, in tig. plir. Ado i. ii. \1 to take the present
time b>i the top, All'sW. v. ill. 39 Let's take the in-
stuiit by the foruard top.
3 fit.', summit", acme ISlcas. ii. ii. 76 He [viz. God],
nhich IS the lop ofjudijenieiit ; plir. in iopof, at the
height of 3H6 V. vii. 4 in tops of all their pride.
Ant. V. i.43 my competitor In top of all desiijH (-in
the supreme conception of enterprise). Com pi. 55
in top ofriKje.
4 in the top of, above Ham. ii. ii. 468 [459].
top vb.: to surpass tor. ii. i. 23 toppiny all others in
liuastiny. Ham. IV. xii. SSsofnr he topp'd my thouylit
(.h'tpust).
top-gfallant : the liigliest mast on a slnp, fig. summit
IJom. II. iv. 20i the hiyh top-yallant of my joy.
to-pinch t (Steevens) : to pinch thoroughly \Viv.
IV. IV. 59. Tl But the ' to ' is prob. only the sign
ot the iiifin., as in Joiin. v. ii. 39.
topless: immeasurably liighTroil. r. iii. 152.
top-proud: excessively proud H8i. i. 151.
torcher : torcli-bearer ; lig. liglit-beaicr (the sun)
All'sW. II. i. 165.
torn : (of faith) orokeii LLL. iv. iii. 2S5 our faith not
torn, Sonn. clii. 3.
tortive: distorted Troil. i. iii. 9.
toss; to carry aloft on the point of a pike 1H4 iv. ii.
liyood enough to toss ; cf. 3tl6 i. i. 244 ; tiansf.
2H6 V. i. 11 ^l sceptre . . . On which I'll toss the
jioirer-de-luce of France.
toss-pot: toper Tw.N. v. i. 415.
tother : the other 2H4 ii. iv. 91, 2H0 r. iii. 87 (Fi
t'other), Ham. ii. i. 56 (Ff 3 1 'tother), Lr. in. Vii. 71
[FfTh'othcr.qq tother).
to-topple t (Dyce) : Per. 111. ii. 17. T^ Cf. remark
S.V. TO-PlNCHt.
tottered: ragged R2 in. iii. 52 /. battlements (Ff
tnlkr'd), 1H4 iv. ii. 37 (mod. edd. tattered -f) ; so
tott'ring John v. v. 7 (see tattering t)-
totters: raas Ham. iii. ii. M tear a passion to totters
^qq; Ff tatters).
touch sb. (the physical sense of 'act of touching,
contact ' is the most freq. ; cf. also the applica-
tion to unlawful commerce in Meas. iii. ii. 25, v.
i. 141, Sonn. cxli. 6)
1 fingering or playing of a musical instrument
Gent. III. ii. 79 Orpheus' lute . . . 'Whose f/olden
/....; phr. know no t., have no skill in playing
R2 I. iii. 165, Ham. ni. ii. 378 [371] ; transf. in pi.
notes, strains Mer.V. v. i. 57 the touches of siveel
harmony, 67.
2 stroke of the brush Tim. i. i. 37, 39, Sonn. xvii.
8 Such heavenly touches ne'er touch'd earthly faces ;
lig. Sonn. Ixxxii. 10 What strained t-es rhetoric
can lend (cf. line 13).
3 stroke ffig.) LLL. v. i. 63 sircet touch [of wit], MND.
III. ii. 70 hrnietouch ( = fine stroke, grand exploit).
4 trait or feature (of the fiice, &c.) AYL. in. ii. 161,
V. iv. 27 Some lively t-es of my daai/htei's favour,
Troil. III. iii. 175 One toiuh of nature.
5 dash, spice H5 iv. Chor. 47 A little t. of Harry, R3
IV. iv. 158 a touch of your condition.
6 hint H8 v. i. 13 Some touch of your late business.
7 feeling, csp. delicate or refined feeling Gent. n.
vii. 18 the inly touch of love. MND. iii. ii. 286,
Tw.N. II. i. 13*, R3 I. ii. 71 some t. of pity, Troil.
II. ii. 115, Mac. iv. ii. 9 He wants the natural t. ;
feeling of sympathy Tp. v. i. 21 a touch, afeehny
Of their afflictions ; transf. something that toudies
one Ant. l. ii. 193 The death of Fulvia, with more
urgent touches, Do strongly speak to us.
8 =T0UCiiST0NE R3 IV. ii. 8 now do I play the t.. To
try if thou be current gold indeed ; fig. that which
tests Tim. iv. iii. 392 ihoti t. of liearts (said of gold
itself).
9 trial of gold ; only fig. 1H4 iv. iv. 10' Must bide
the t. ( = must be put to the test) ; Cor. iv. i. -(9 of
iioW6^( = that have been tested and proved noble).
10 sullying, taint (cf. TOUCH vb. 4) H8 II. iwlb'itothe
. . . touch of lur good person.
touch vb. (obs. or special uses are)
1 to land at Wint. v. i. 139, R2 u. i. 288 /o touch our
northern shore, Troil. n. ii. 76; intr. Wint. in. iii. 1.
2 to attain, reach to Tim. i. i. 14 If he will touch the
estimate ( = go as high as the price at which it is
valued), Ant. v. ii. 332 thy thoughts T. their effects
(=attaiu realization).
3 to wound, hurt, injure Tim. in. v. 19 Seeing his
reputation t-'d to death, Cym. iv. iii. 4 How deeply
you at once do touch me, v. iii. 10.
4 to infect, taint, sully AYL. in. ii. 371 to be touched
with so many giddy offences, John v. vii. 2 touch'd
corruptibly.
5 to mention or touch upon in speaking R3 in. v.
93, III. vii. 4 Touch'd you the bastardy of Edioard's
children?. Ant. 11. ii. 24.
6 to test as with the touchstone, try John ni. i.
100 a counterfeit . . . ichich, being touch'd and tried.
Proves valueless, Tim. in. iii. 6 touch'd and found
basemetal,\y. iii. 5, 0th. in. iii. 81 to touch your love.
touchstone: stone used for testiug gold Per. 11. ii.
37. "i The clown's name in AYL.
tourney : to tilt in a tournament Per. 11. i. 120,154
wilt thou tourney for the lady ?.
touse: to tear Meas. v. i. 309 t. you joint by joint.
toward adj. (1 opposed to ' froward ' ; 2 Eliz.)
1 docile, tractable, willing Shr. v. ii. 183, Yen. 1157.
2 ready for fight, bold 3H6 n. ii. 66.
toward adv. : in preparation, about to take place,
forthcoming JIND. in. i. 84 "[Vliat ! aplay toward.
2H4 n. iv. 213, Ham. v.ii. 379 What feast is t .?.
towardprep. (freq. -simple ' to ', e. g. Mac. i. iii. 152)
1 with a view to, tending to, aiming at Shr. n. i.
99, Tim. n. ii. 202 to use themt. a supply of money,
CiVS. I. ii. 85, Mac. i. iv. 27.
2 witii regard to, for (-Latin ' ei'ga ', French 'en-
vei-s') All'sW. n. v. 81, Tw.N. in. ii. \3 love in her
t. you, Tim. v. L 149 They confess T. thee forget-
fulness.
3 with, in dealing with Wiv. n. iii. 98, Cor. 11. ii.
58 Your loving motion toward the common body.
towardly: -toward adj. 1, Tim. in. i. 38.
towards adv. : = toward adv. Rom. i. v. 126.
towards prep, (the uses correspond precisely with
those of toward prep., except that towards is
used also in relation to time R3 in. v. 100)
1 = TOWARD 1, R2 n. i. 161, 235, Mac. v. iv. 22.
2 =TOWARD 2, Meas. n. iii. 32 Which sorrow is always
t. ourselves, H8 i. i. 103 a heart that wishes t. you
Honour, Mac. i. vi. SOour graces t. him, Lr. i. ii. 196.
3 -TOWARD 3, Cor. V. i. 42 what your love can do For
Home, t. 3Iarcius, Cym. 11. iii. 08 To employ you t.
this Roman.
tower vb. : (of a falcon) to rise in circles of flight
till she reaches lier 'nlace' 2H6 11. i. 10 3Iy lord
Protector's hawks do t. so well, Mac. u. iv. 12 A.
falcon, t-ing in her pride of place ; (hence) to soar,
lit. and fig. John 11. i. 350, v. ii. 149.
town clerk : (app.) parish clerk Ado iv. ii. stage
dir. (Ff Q) ; he is called sexton tliroughout the
scene.
toy sb. (not in the sense of ' plaything')
10
TOY —
230
- TRAVERSE
1 trifle, trifling ornament Tw.N. iii. iii. 44, Wint.
IV. iii. [iv.] 328 Ahij toijs for your head.
2 tiling of no substance or value, trifling matter
Wiv. V. V. 48 siltHce, you airy toys, LLL. iv. iii.
170, 2U1, jMND. v. i. 3 these fairy toys, Shr. ii. i.
3% [404] a toy! (= nonsense !), 2H4 li. iv. 182 fall
foul for toys, Otli. i. iii. 270, Cym. iv. ii. 193 la-
luentin;! toys.
3 idle fancy, whim, freakish thought John i. i. 232,
R3 I. i. 60, Rom. iv. i. 119 no nicotistant toy, nor
Homaiiish fear. Ham. I. iii. 6 a toy in blood [- a
passing amorous fancy), 0th. iir. iv. 155.
toy vb. : to dally amorously Ven. .34, 106.
trace vb. (reading of Ff Qcjos in 0th. ii. i. 315, but
difficult to explain ; see trash vb.)
1 to follow 1H4 III. i. 48 t. me in the tedious iimys of
art, H8 III. ii. 45, Mac. iv. i. 153 his babes, and all
. . . souls That t. him in his line, Ham. v. ii. 126.
2 to pass through, traverse, range Ado iii. i. 16 t.
this alley up and down, MXD. ir. i. 25 to trace the
forests.
tract (/nice, truck, and tract were largely inter-
changeable in the Eliz. period ; cf. Cotgr., ' Trac ',
a tracke, tract, or trace)
1 track of a path Tim. i. i. 51 Leaving no t. behind.
2 course (of the sun) R2iii. iii. &^ the t. Of his briyht
passaye to the Occident (Qq track), R3 V. iii. 20 (Q(i
track), Sonn. vii. 12.
3 course (of events) H8 i. i. 40.
trade (1 in this sense a variant of ' tread ')
1 passing to and Iro as over a path, resort R2 iii.
iii. 156 Some tvuy of common t., 2H4 i. i. 174 where
most t. of danger rang'd ; beaten path H8 v. i. 36
Stands in the gap and trade of moe preferments
(i. e. where more preferments are to be found).
2 business Tw.N. iir. i. 84 // your trade be to her,
Ham. III. ii. 353 [346].
3 settled habit or custom Meas. iir. i. 147 Thy sin's
. . . a trade.
traded : practised John iv. iii. 109 long I. in it,
Troil. II. ii. 64 traded pilots.
trade- fallen : out of employment 1H4 iv. ii. 32.
tradition: old custom R2 in. ii. 173 T., form, and
cfninonioasduty ; so traditional, old-fashioned
R:! iH. i. 45 Too ceremonious and iradiliomd.
traducement: calumny Cor. i. ix. 22.
traffic: business, occupation Rom. I. Chor. 12 tlie
two hours' traffic of our stage.
trail : track, scent Wiv. iv. ii. 212 cry out. . . upon
no f.. Ham. ii. ii. 47 Hunts not the t. of policy, iv.
V. 109 ; traces (of an animal) Ant. v. ii. 352.
train sb. (1 applied to the tails of bitds in heraldry)
1 tail of (i) a peacock 1H6 iii. iii. 7, (ii) a comet
Ham. I. i. 117.
2 troop 2114 IV. ii. 93 let our trains Jtarch by us.
3 lure, false device Mac. iv. iii. 118.
train vb.: to lure, allure, entice Err. in. ii. 45 /. me
not . . . with thy note. To drown me, John in. iv.
175, 1H4 V. ii. 21 train him on, Tit. v. i. 104.
trajectt(Rowe): ferry Mer.V. iii.iv.53(seeTKANECT).
trammel up : lit. to entangle in a net ; fig. to
prevent Mac. l. vii. 3. [1595.
trance: ecstasy, transport Shr. i. i. 181, Lucr. 974,
tranced: in a trance, insensible Lr. v. iii. 220.
trauect (S.) : (?) ferry Mer.V. iii. iv. 53 (Qfj^Ff).
^ Of uncertain origin.
tranquillity : concr. people who live at ease 1H4
II. i. 84.
transfix : to remove Sonn. Ix. 9 Time doth t. the
flourish set on youth.
transform: to change (a person into something)
2H4 n. ii. 79 if the fat villain havenot t-edhim ape.
transformation: shape into which one is changed
Wiv. IV. V. 99, Troil. v. i. 59.
transformed: effecting a transformation MND.
IV. i. 70 this transformed scalp.
translate (the only S. uses are)
1 to transform, change, convert MND. in. i. 125
Bottom .' . . . thou art t-d, AYL. v. i. 59 t. thy life
into death, Tim. I. i. 73, Ham. in. i. 113 ; with
allusion to translation from one language to
another Wiv. i. iii. 52, AYL. ii. i. 19, 2H4iv. i. 47
translate yourself Out of the speech of peace.
2 to interpret John ir. i.'513, Troil. iv. v. 112, Ham.
IV. i. 2 these profound heaves: i'ou must t.; 'tis fit
we understand them.
transport (the orig. sense of ' carry from one place
to another ' is the prevalent one)
1 to remove from this world to the next Meas. iv.
iii. 75.
2 (?) to transform MND. iv. ii. 4*.
3 to carry away (i) by violent passion W^int. in. ii.
159 t-ed by my jealousies. Cor. I. i. 79 ; (ii) by
ecstasy or ravishment Tp. i. ii. 76 t-cd And rapt
in secret sludiis, Wint. v. iii. 69, Mac. i. v. 57.
transportance : conveyance Troil. iii. ii. 11.
transpose : to change, transform MND. i. i. 233 ;
Mac. IV. iii. 21.
trans- shape : to distort Ado v. i. 176.
trash sb.: worthless creature 0th. ii. i. 315, v. i. 85.
trash vb. (hunting term): to check (a dog) that is
too fast by attaching a weight to its neck Shr.
Ind. i. 17 I'raslif ilerriman, the poor cur is
emboss'd (old edd. Brach) ; fig. Tp. l. ii. 81 who
t'adcance, and who To t. for over-topping, 0th. ll.
i. 315 this poor trash of Venice, whom I t.f For his
(/nick hunting (Ff Qqss ''"«, Qi crush). ^ The
meaning ' lop ' assigned by some to Tp. I. ii. 81 is
not supported elsewhere.
travail, travel sb. (differentiated spellings of the
same word, indiscriminately used in old edd.,
but in mod. edd. allotted according to mod. usage)
1 labour, toil Gent. iv. i. 34, 1H6 v. iv. 102, Troil.
I. i. 73, Sonn. xxvii. 2 limbs with travel tired.
2 labour of childbirth Err. v. i. 403, H8 v. i. 71
With gentle travail ; pi. Per. in. i. li the pangs Of
my queen's travails.
3 painful or wearisome journeying, or the fatigue
caused by itTp. in. iii. 15 oppress'd with t., AVL.
I. iii. 134, II. iv. 75, Lucr. 1543 As if with grief or
travel he had fainted.
4 wandering, journeying, travelling Tw.N. iii. iii.
8 what might befall your it., H8 1, iii. 31 those types of
t.\ fig. Tw.N. II. V. 00/. o/>ti/an?(- looking anout),
5 journey R2 i. iii. 262 Vail it a t. that thou, tak'st
for fileasure.
travail, travel vb. (see prec. sb.)
1 to labour, work All's W. ii. iii. 165 which t-s in thy
good, Tim. v. i. 18.
2 (of players) to ' stroll ', go on tour Ham. n. ii. 352
[343] How chances it they travel ?.
travailer, traveller (see prec.) : labourer Meas.
IV. ii. 70 (Fi Trauellers), LLL. iv. iii. 308 tires The
sinewy vigour of the t. (Fi trauailer). ^ In the
sense of one who travels ' old edd. have the forms
traueller, trauellor, trauailer, trauailor, traveller.
travel-tainted: travel-stained 2II4 iv. iii. 40.
traverse vb. (military term) : to march, esp. back-
wards and forwards Wiv. ii, iii. 25 To see tlieefif/ht
. . . to see thee t., 2H4 in. ii. 294 Hold, ^Vart,' t.;
transf. 0th. i. iii. 378 (spoken bylago, the ancient')
Traverse ; go. '\ The full phr. was ' traverse one's
ground '.
traverse adv.: across AYL. in. iv. 43 swears brave
oaths, and breaks tliem bravely, quite t. (witli allu-
sion to tlie disgrace of breaking one's lance across
one's opponent's body, instead of lengthways ;
cf. ciioss adv.). ,
TRAVERSED -
231
- TRIUMPHBRATE
traversed: (of the anus) folded Tiin. v. iv. 7.
51 Cf. ACROSS.
tray-trip: game at dice, success in wliicli depended
on throwing a three (see trey) Tw.X. n. v. 209
alirtll I ptaij my freedom at tray-trip?.
treacher (Ff), treacherer (Qq Trecherers) : traitor
Lr. I. li. 138.
treacherous: (?) cowardly IHC i. v. 30 Sheep run
not lid!/ so treacherous from the wolf.
treasure sh.: treasury Sonn. cxxxvi. 5 Will will
fatjil the treasure of thy love.
treasure vb. : to enrich Sonn. vi. 3 t. thon some
pliire With beauty's treasure.
treasury : treasure Wint. iv. ill. [iv.] 362, H5 i. ii.
165, Lr. IV. vi. 44. ^ Only once = storehouse (fig.)
2Hi; II. i. 18.
treatise: discourse, talk Ado i. i. 325 [317], Mac.
V. V. 12 my feli of~hair Would at it dismal t. rouse
and stir, Ven. 774. ^ The only S. sense.
treaty: proposal of agreement, negotiation, dis-
cussion John II. i. 481, 118 I. i. 165, Cor. ii. ii. 60
contented Upon a pleasing t., Ant. iii. ix. [xi.] 62
send humble treaties.
treble: Tp. ii. i. 229 [221] T-sihee o'er, makes thee
ihree times as great.
treble-dated: living three times as long as man
Pliocu. 17 thou treble-dated crow.
tree : Jove's tree, oak AYL. in. ii. 251, 3H6 v. ii. 14.
^ See also Arabian tree.
trembling' : tremor denoting possession by a devil
Tp. ir. ii. 86.
trembling' contribution : contribution given with
tiembling H8 i. ii. 95. [i^oiin. ii. 2.
trench .sb.: pi. furrows, \vi'lnkles Tit. v. ii. 23 ; cf.
trench vb. :
1 to cut Gent. lu. ii. 7 a fiyure T-ed in ice, Mac. in.
iv. 27 t-cd f/ashcs, Ven. 1052 the wide wound thai
the boar had tretich'd.
2 to dig a new channel for (a river) 1H4 in. i. 113.
trenchant : cutting, sharp Tim. iv. iii. 116 1. sword.
trencher: (wooden) plate Tp. ii. ii. 196 [187], Rom.
I. V. 2 //(■ shift a trencher! he scrape a trencher '.
trencher-friend: parasite Tim. in. vi. 107.
trenchering- : trenchers collectively Tp. n. ii. 196
yor smipe Ircncherinij {trencher^). [ii. 4()5.
trencher-knight: serving-man at table LLL. v.
trencher-man : great eater Ado i. i. 52.
trey : throw of three with the dice LLL. v. ii. 233.
•f[ Cf. TRAY-TRIP.
tribulation : H8 v. iv. 67 Ike Tribulation of Tower-
hill ; allusion unexplained.
tribunal: scat of eminence Ant. in. vi. 3 on a t.
silver'd.
tribunal plebs : blunder for ' tribunus plebis '
- tribune of tlie people Tit. iv. iii. 91.
tribune: in ancient Rome, title of representatives
of the plebs or common people, orig. granted to
them as a protection against the patricians and
consuls Cor. i. i. 221, <S;c.
trice: moment (of time) ; once gen. Lr. i. i. 219 in
this t. of time ; twice in phr. in a t. Tw.N. iv. ii.
137, Cy'm. v. iv. 171 ; once on a t. Tp. v. i. 238.
trick sb. (' device, artifice ', ' deception', 'freakish
practice or act ', ' prank, joke ' arc freq. senses)
1 custom, habit, way Meas. in. ii. 56 Which is the
way ? Is it sad, and few words, or how ? The t. of it ?,
V. i. 506 1 spoke it hilt according to the t., All'sW. iti.
ii. 9, 1H4 V. ii. 11, 2H4 i. ii. 244, Ham. iv. vii. 188.
2 art, knack, skill LLL. v. i\. iQ6 That. . .knowslhet.
To make my lady laugh, H8 I. iii. 40, Ham. V. i.
97 an we had the t. to see' t, Cym. in. iii. SQioprince
it much Beyond the trick of others.
3 peculiar or characteristic expi'ession (of face,
voice) AU'sW. I. i. 108 every line and t. of hifi
sweet favour, "Wint. n. iii. 100 The t. of's frown,
1H4II. iv. 450, Lr. iv. vi. 109 The t. of that voice.
4 touch (of a disease) LLL. v. ii. 417.
5 trifle Shr. iv. iii. 67 A knack, a toy, a I., Cor. iv.
iv. 21 Some t. not worth an egg. Ham. iv. iv. 61 ;
bauble, plaything Wint. ll. i. 50 a very trick For
them to play at will.
trick vb. :
1 t. up, deck out, adorn H5 m. vi. 82 the phrase of
war, trhich they trick up with new-tuned oaths.
2 (in heraldry) to delineate arms, indicating colours
by means of certain arrangements of dots or linos;
app. used allusively (=to spot or smear) Ham. ii.
ii. 488 [479] Xow is he total gules; horribly truk'd
With blood of fathers . . .
tricking : adornment Wiv. iv. iv. 81.
tricksy : spoitive Tp. v. i. 226" Ily t. spirit (or per-
haps ' full of devices, resourceful '), Mcr.V, in. v.
75 /or a t. word{=--' for the sake of playing upon a
word ' Clark and Wright). [112*.
trifle sb.: (a) phantom, (b) trick of magic Tp. v. i.
trifle vb. (2 occurs only once)
1 to spend to no purpose Mer. V. iv. i. 299 We t. time,
H8 V. iii. 178 we trifle lime away.
2 to make insignificant Mac. n. iv. 4 this sore night
Hath trifled former knowings.
trigon : triangle ; in astrology, conjunction of three
planets in a certain sign 2H4 n. iv. 288 the fla-y
T. ( = tlietlirco superior planets meeting in Aries,
Leo, or Sagittarius).
trill (onc«) : to trickle Lr. iv. iii. 14.
trim sb. (2 Bailey defines ' Trim of a Ship ', as ' her
best Posture, Proportion of Ballast, hanging of
her Masts, &c. which conduce most to her good
sailing ')
1 fine attire, apparel, trappings lH4iv. i. 113,'!on'('-
ficts in their trim (i.e. decorated). Cor. i. ix. 62 My
noble steed . . . With all his t. bilonging, Ant. iv. i v.
22 their riveted t., Cym. in. iv. 167 dainty i-s ; fig.
H5 IV. iii. 115o!tr hearts are in the trim.
2 in her trim, (of a ship) fully rigged and ready to
sail Tp. V. i. 236, Err. iv. i. 91.
trim adj.: olten ironically - pretty !, fine ! MND. in.
ii. 157 A t. exploit, 1H4 v. i. 137 A t. reckoning !,
Troil. IV. V. 33;— adv. neatly Rom. n. i. 13 he that
shot so trim.
trim vb. : fig. 2114 i. iii. 94 trimm'd in thine own
rffs/j-fS" furnished with what thou desirest.
trinkets: trifles, rubbish 2H6 i. iv. 56.
triple: one of three, third AU'sAV. n. i. Ill ft t. eye,
iSafer than mine own two. Ant. r. i. 12 The t. pillar
of the world. % For /. Hecate MND. v. ii. 14 [i.
391] see THRtCE-CROWNED. [13],
triple-turned: thrice faithless Ant. rv. x. 26[xii.
triplex: triple time (in music) Tw.N. v. i. 41 thct.
. . . is a, good tripping measure.
tristful: sad 1H4 n.'iv. 439j»)/ /.f qnecn (i>\([ c(\<\.
trustfull). Ham. in. iv. 50 With t. visage mq^heaUd).
tri'umph sb. (mod. senses also occur)
1 public festivity or rejoicing, festive show or
entertainment Gent. v. iv. 161, MND. i. i. \9with
t., and with revelling, 1H4 in. iii. 47 a perpetual t.,
an everlasting bonfire-light, 3116 v. vii. 43, Per. v.
i. 17 ; spec, tournament R2 v. ii. b2 justs and t-s,
1II6 v. V. 31 at a t. having vow'd To try his strength.
Per. n. ii. 1 ; so triumph day R2 v. ii. C6.
2 trump-card ; this sense is alluded to in Ant. iv.
xii. fxiv.] 20 she . . . has Pack'd cards with Cwsar,
and falsc-play'd my glory Unto an enemy's triumph.
triumphani: triumphal, celebrating a triumph
1H6 I. i. 22 a t. car. Cor. v. iv. 69 [v. 3] t.firis ;
transf. Sonn. cli. 10 his triumphant prize.
triumphantly : festively MND iv. i. 95.
triumpherate (Ant. in, vi. 28), triumphery
TBOJAN
232
- TRUST
(LLL. IV. iii. 53), readings of old edd. replaced
by ti-iniiii'irnttf, irmmm-ij\ in mod. odd. 1] Tlie
foiins are duo to association with 'trinmpli '.
Trojan (old edd. Trohm, Troyiiii) : cant term for
'boon companion, dissolute fellow' LLL. v. ii.
C:ii3, 679, 1H4 ii. i. 77, H5 v. i. 20, 32.
troll: to run over (a song) Tp. iir. ii. 129 will yon
troll tlie catcli . . .?.
troll-my-dames : game in which the object was
to ' troll ' balls through arches set on a board
(a sort of bagatelle) Wiat. iv. ii. [iii.] 93. ^ In a
pamphlet of the 16th cent. called'troll-in-madame';
in 17th and 18th cent, diets, 'troll-madam'.
Equivalent to Fr. ' trou-madame ' (Cotgr.).
troop : to march Wiv. i. iii. 112, 2H4 iv. i. 62 ; /.
inth, follow in the train of Lr. i. i. 134 all the
Utrije effects Tlial troop witli mdjesti/.
troops : retinue, followers 2H6 i. iii. 80 with t. of
liHliea, J{3 IV. iv. 96, Tit. ii. iii. 56 V)i/urni.sh'd of
ho- H-ell-heseemiwi t.. Ant. iv. xii. [xiv.] 53 Dido
(utd her Aeiietts shall want troops.
trophy (not S. in the definite sense of ' spoil taken
from the enemy ')
1 token H5 v. Chor. 21 Giving fall t., sii/md enid os-
tent, Quite from himself, io God (cf. line 18 His
hruised helmet and his bended sivord), v. i. 76 a
memondle t. of predeceased icdour, Compl. 218 all
these trophies of affections hot.
2 emblem or memorial placed over a grave or on a
tomb All'sAV. ii. iii. 146 on every grate A lying t..
Tit. I. i. 388 with trophies do adorn thy tomb. Ham.
IV. v. 214 No t., sword, nor hatchment o'er his bones,
Sonn. xxxi. 10.
3 applied to a crown or garland C?es. i. i. 73 lei no
images Be hung with Ccesar's trophies, Ham. TV.
vii. n^ her /cecdy trophies {Qf.linenScorotiel weeds).
4 monuments Cor. i. iii. 44 it more becotnes a man
Than gdt liis t., Tim. v. iv. 25 tliesc great toircrs,
trophies, and schools.
tropically: figuratively Ham. iii. ii. 250.
trossersf! see strossers.
trot: an old trot, 'a sorry old Woman' (Bailey)
.Shr. I. ii. 80 ; applied to a man Meas. in. ii. 5t.
troth (pronounced trot by Dr. Caius, Wiv. iv. v. 90)
1 truth MND. ii. ii. 36, Cor. iv. v. 198, Cym. v. v.
275 ril speak troth.
2 faitli LLL. IV. iii. 143 break faith and t., Lr. in.
iv. 126 Bid her edight. And her troth plight ; used
exclamatorily = FAITH 2 by my t. (very freq.), o'
luy t., in t., (in) good t., aiid simply troth > ; once
t. and t. H8 II. iii. 34 Say, good troth.— Yes, troth
and troth.
trothed : betrothed Ado iii. i. 38.
troth-plig-ht sb. : plighting of troth in marriage
Wint. I. ii.278. [ii. i. 21.
troth-plight pple.: betrothed Wint. v. iii. 151, H5
trouble : to agitate, disturb (water, the sky) ;
chiefly in pa. pple. Shr. v. ii. 143 like a fountain
t-d, 1H4 I. i. 10i!/(e meteors of a t-d heaven, 2H6iv.
i. 72 T-s the silver spring, dies. i. ii. 101, Lucr. 589.
trowiahvaysin 1st or2nd person present indicative)
1 to believe Lr. i. iv. 136 Learn more than flion
irowest.
2 to think, suppose 2H6 ii. iv. 38, 3H6 v. i. 85.
3 to know H8i. i. 181 as I trow, Which I do well, Lr.
I. iv. 237 you trow (Ff know).
4 idiomatic uses :— (i) I trow, I am pretty sure, I
daresay Shr. i. ii. 4 1 1. this is his house, R2 ii. i.
219 'tis time, I (., Rom. i. iii. 33 'twas no need, I
/. ;— (ii) trow you ?, do you know ? can you tell ? LLL.
V. ii. 280, Slir. l. ii. 168 T. you whither I am going? ;
— (iii) / trow or simply trow, I wonder Wiv. i.
iv. 137 Who's there, I /.?, ii. i. 05, Ado in. iv. 58,
Cym. I. vi. 47 What is the matter, trow ?.
Troyan : sec Trojan.
truant vb.: t. ruth, be unfaithful to Err. in. ii. 17.
truce: peace Err. ii. ii. 149, 1H6 v. iv. Wl peaceful
t. shall be prodaim'd ; phr. take in) truce, make
peace John in. i. 17, Kom. in. i. 163, Yen. 82.
truckle-hed : bed without legs running on castors,
that could be pushed away under a standing-bed
(see STANDING ppl. adj. 3) Wiv. iv. v. 7, Kom.
11. i. 39. ^ 'Truckle' is 'a little running wheel'
(Bailey). Cf. also tkundle-bed.
true (1 true man often opposed to thief as in legal
language, e.g. in Coke's Institutes)
1 honest Tp. v. i. 268, Wiv. ii. i. 149 the priest . . .
comme-ndtd him for a true nam, 1H4 II. ii. 25 to
turn true tnananrlleate these rogues, Cym. il. iii. 76.
2 trustworthy, reliable Troil.i.iii. 238 strong joints,
true swords, Cor. ll. i. Ibl his t. purchasing. Tit. v.
i. 102, Sonn. xlviii. 2 Each trifle under t-st bars to
t/iriist.
3 well-proportioned Lr. i. ii. 8 my shape us true .Is
honest miidiim's issue, Sonn. Ixii. 6 Xo shape so true.
4 as adv. truly All's W. iv. ii. 22 the plain single vow
that IS tow'd true, 1H4 1, i. 62 a . . . true industrious
friend.
true-confirmed: faithful and steadfast Gent. iv.
iv. 110.
true-penny: honest fellow Ham. i. v. 150.
truest-mannered: most honestly disposed Cym.
1. vi. 166.
trump: trumpet 1H6 i. iv. 80, 0th. in. iii. 352.
trumpet : trumpeter H5 iv. ii. 61 / will the banner
from a trumpettake, Troil. iv. v. 6.
truncheon sb.: staff or mace borne by kings and
military officers Meas. ii. ii. 61 Tlic marshal's t.,
Troil. v. iii. 53 the hand of Mars Beckoning with
,fiery truncheon, Ham. I. ii. 204, 0th. ii. i. 282 (Qq).
triincheon vb. : (?) to beat out of the ranks with a
truncheon (see prec.) 2H4 ii. iv. 152 An captains
ivere of my miiut, they would t. yon out for taking
their names npon you.
truncheoner : one armed with a cudgel H8 v. iv.
55 (Ff 3 i Truncheons).
trundle-bed: =truckle-bed AViv. iv. v. 7 (Qu,
Rom. 11. i. 39 (Qi).
trundle-tail : curly-tailed dog Lr. in. vi. 73.
trunk: in allusion to the carved chests in great
vogue in S.'s time T^v.N. in. iv. 406 the beauteous
(til Are empty human trunks o'erflourisli'd by the
deed. % 'Chest', not 'human body', is app. the
.sense (fig ) in 1H4 ll. iv. 501 that t, of humours,
that bolting-liulch of beastliness.
trunk sleeve: large wide sleeve Shr. iv. iii. 141.
truss: to pack 2H4 in. ii. 353 yon might have t-'d
him . . . into an eel-skin (Q thrust).
trust sb.:
1 belief, conviction Tw.N. iv. iii. 15 persueulea me
To any other trust but that I am mad.
2 credit Mer.V. i. i. 186 o/ my t. ( = on my credit ; cf.
OF 9).
3 trusted poi-son 1H6 iv. iv. 20 the t. of England's
honour. Tit. i. i. 181 their tribune and their trust.
4 phrasesand contextual uses: —tn /., enjoyingone'.s
confidenee, confidential H8 i. ii. 1*25 ; of /."trust-
worthy, reliable Cor. l. vi. 52 their men of t., 54,
Lr. II. i. 117 Natures of such diept.. Ant. v. ii. 153
of no more t. (-no more to be relied upon), Sonn.
xlviii. 4 ; on my t., as I am to be trusted, on my
word Meas. v. i. 147 ; put in t., entrust important
matters to Lr. i. iv. 15, OtJi. ii. iii. 132 ;— 1H6 m.
ii. 112 What is the i. of . . ., What reliance can be
placed upon ? ; — Sonn.xxiii. bfor fearoft. ,feni\ng
to trust myself.
trust vb. :
1 to believe, be sure of Shi-, iv. ii. 07 If he be credu-
TRUSTFUIi - 233
TWINN'D
loits and hud my tide, Wint. ii. iii. 40 i. it, He
shall not rule me, Mac. I. iii. 120 Tlud, t-ed home,
Mijjlit i/et enkindle you unto the crown.
2 /. me, believe me, truly Gent. i. ii. 42, &e., Wiv.
II. i. 33, &e., Tit. i. i. 261 ; ncier t. me (usu. as the
apodosis of a conditional sentence) Tw.N. ii. iii.
207 // / do not, never t. me, Tioil. v. ii. 57 / will, la ;
never t. me else ; — ^'ever t. me then. Have no fear
Tw.N. HI. ii. 05, IHOii. ii. 48.
trustful (once) : faithful 1H4 ii. iv. 439 (tristful-f).
txrustless (once) : faithless Lucr. 2.
truth (the foil, senses are freq.)
1 honesty, righteousness Ado iv. i. 35, John iv. iii.
144, Lucr. 1532.
2 loyalty, faithfulness 3H6 iv. viii. 26, Sonn. xli. 12.
try sb. : test Tim. v. i. 12 a try for his friends.
try vb. (3 cf. ' a Ship is said to try, when she has no
more Sails abroad but her Main or Missen Sail
only, [and] is let alone to lie in the Sea ', Bailey)
1 to refine (gold) Mer.V. ii. vii. 53 tried ijold ; fig.
ix. 63, 64.
2 to prove Rom. iv. iii. 29 he hath still been tried a
holy man. Yen. 280 thus niy strength is tried.
■ ' Tp. I. i. ■" " ■
try with main course.
3 to sail close to the wind T^p. i. i. 40 Bring her to
tuTj : with ref. to the use of the sweating cure (cf.
powDEKiNG-TUB) Meas. III. ii. 61, H5 ii. i. 79, Tim.
IV. iii. 86 ; so tuti-fast Tim. iv. iii. 87.
tuck: rapier Tw.N. in. iv. 247 Dismount thy tuck.
II Sec also standincj ppl. adj. 4,
tucket : preliminary signal given on a trumpet H5
IV. ii. 35 let the trumpets sound The t. sonance and
the note to mount ; othenvise only in stage direc-
tions as a personal trumpet call Mer.V. v. i.,
All'sW. III. v., H5 III. vi., Lr. ii. i.
tuffe : bunch Wiv. v. v. 76 (mod. edd. tufts-f).
tuft : clump (of trees) AYL. iii. v. 75, Wiiit. n. i. 33,
R2 II. iii. 53.
tug': to buffet Mac. iii. i. 112 titgy'd with fortune.
tuition: protection Adoi. i. 291 [283] and so I commit
you — To the t. of God (a freq. concluding formula
in 16tli cent, letters).
TuUy : Cicero 2H6 iv. i. 136 sweet T., Tit. iv. i. 14
Tiilh/'s Orator (=;the treatise De Oratore).
tumtoie : the orig. sense ' to roll ' (trans, and intr.)
is jirominent : — Tp. ll. ii. 11 hedge-hogs, which Lie
tiunhling inmybarc-foot tt'uy, John hi. iv. 176rt little
snow, t-d about. Anon becomes a inou)itain. Per. ic.
i. 34 [the whale] plays and t-s ; in indelicate sense
Wint. IV. ii. [iii.] 12, Hani. iv. v. 63, Ant. i. iv. 17 ;
in nautical use t-d, 'rolled ' about the trough of
the sea Per. v. Gower 13 t-d and tost (Qqi-s wee
there him left).
tun-dish : funnel Meas. in. ii. ISC^ filling a hot fie with
(I t. •( Still the ordinary word in Warwick-sliire.
tune (1 common Eliz.)
1 tone, accent (of the voice) Cor. ii. iii. 91 tlie t. of
your voices, Cym. V. v. 239 Tlw t. of Imogen, Sonn.
cxli. 5 thy tongue's tune.
2 temper, humour, mood Meas. ni. ii. 52, Hani. v.
ii. 198 the t. of the time, Lr. iv. iii. 41 in his better
tune ( = ' saner intervals', Craig).
tuneable : tuneful, musical MND. i. i. 184, iv. i. 130.
txirf : clod LLL. iv. ii. 90. Tj An Eliz. sense.
Turk (1 in this sense replacing the once common
use of ' Saracen ')
1 used generically = infidel AYL. iv. iii. 34 she defies
me, Like Turk to Christian, B3 iii. v. 40 think you
we are T-s or infidels ? ; phr. turn T., change com-
pletely (as from a Cliristian to an infidel) Ado in.
iv. 56, Ham. iii. ii. 292.
2 the T., the Grand Turk, the Sultan of Turkey,
All'sW. 11. iii. 94, H5 v. ii. 222, Lr. iii. iv. 92 ;
transf. T. Gregory, Pope Gregoiy VII, 1 H4 v. iii. 46.
turlygod : app. a name (? cant) fur a ' bedlam-beg-
gar ' Lr. II. iii. 20. % For the form cf. ' grinagod '
(16th cent.), which was app. a name for a profane
person.
turmoiled: harassed 2H6 iv. x. IS.
turn vb. (5 cf. turning and triple-turned)
1 to shape on a lathe 1H4 in. i. 130 / liad rather
hear a brazen canstick turn'd.
2 to compose (verse, a tune) LLL. i. ii. 193' turti
sonnet, AYL. li. v. 3 turn his merry note.
3 to fling back, retort R2 iv. i. 39 I will t. thy false'
hood to thy heart, 1H6 ii. iv. 79 Vll turn my pari
thereof into thy throat, Tim. ii. i. 2%my relief Musi
not be toss'd and turn'd to me in words.
4 to come back, return AYL. ii. vii. 162, R3 iv. iv.
185 Ere from this war tliou t. a conqueror, Tit. v.
ii. 141 tdl I turn again, 0th. iv. i. 263.
5 to go back on one's word, (hence) to be inconstant
or fickle Gent. ii. ii. 4, MND. in. ii. 91 Some true-
love turn'd, 1H6 in. iii. 85 turn, and turn ariain
0th. IV. i. 264.
6 to change (one's countenance or colour) Cor. iv.
vi. 60 some news . . . That t-s their countenances.
Ham. II. ii. 550 [542] helias not t-ed his colour, 0th.
IV. ii. 61 Turn thy complexion.
Tum'bull street: Eliz. corruption of 'Turnmill
street ', formerly the resort of dissolute and dis-
orderly persons 2H4 in. ii. 333 {Ft Turnhalh.
turning: fickle H5 ni. vi. 35sheist.,and inconstant.
turtle: turtle-dove, symbolical of faithful love
Wiv. n. i. 83, LLL. iv. iii. 212, v. ii. 913.
tushes: tusks Ven. 617, 624.
tutor : to teach (a thing) 2H4 iv. i. 44.
twain :
1 both twain, redundantly = both LLL. v. ii. 460,
Sonn. xlii. 11.
2 parted, separated Troil. iii. i. 113, Rom. in. v.
240 Thou and my bosom henceforth shall be t. , Sonn.
xxxvi. 1 toe two must be twain.
3 as sb. pair, couple Tp. iv. i. 104 To bless this t.,
Ant. I. i.38.
tway : Scottish form ottwo H5 in. ii. 132.
tweife : old form of tirelfthf (which is not found in
old edd.) TSv.N. ii. iii. 93, and in the title of the
play itself.
twelve score : viz. yards Wiv. in. ii. 35 as easy as
(I cannon will shoot point-blank t., 1H4 ii. iv. 605
[598], 2114 HI. ii. 52.
twenty : usetl indefinitely to express a large num-
ber Wiv. I. i. 3 if he were t. Sir John Falst'affs, Lr.
II. iv. 71 there's nota nose among t. (Qf| a hundred)
but can sitiell /liiii tliat's slinking, Ven. 522 t.
hundred kisses ;— Wiv. n. i. 203 Good tvin and t.
(app. = twenty times good);— Shr. iv. ii. 57 eleven
and t. perhaps contains an allusion to the game of
one-and thirty (see pip) ; see also sweet-and-
TWENTY.
twiggen : cased in wicker Avork Otii. ii. iii. 153*
I'll beat the knave into a t. boltle (Qq wicker bottle).
twilled^: (?) agricultural term ; not satisfactorily
explained; many conj., the most generally ac-
cepted being Hanmer's (see pioned) Tp. iv. i. 64.
twin : to be like twins in resemblance or close
companionship Cor. iv. iv. 15 who t.. as 'twere, in
love i'nseparable (Ff2-i Twine), Per. v. Gower 8*
Her inkle, sdk, twin with the rubied cherry { = are an
red as the red cherry ; unless twin is adj. ; old
odd. twine).
twink : in or with a t., in a twinkling Tp. iv. i. 43,
Slir. ir. i. 3041312].
twinn'd: twin Wiiit. i. ii. 67 We were as t. lambs
(old edd. iwyn'd), Tim. iv. iii. 3 ; (hence) exactly
alike Cym. i. vi. 35 Ihe t. stones, L'pon the number'd
beach (Fi twinn'd).
TWIRE
234
- UNCLEANLY
twire: to twinkle Sonii. xxviii. 12 When sparkling
stars Inirc not.
twist sb.: skein Cor. v. v. [vi.]96 .1 /. of rotten silk.
twist vb.: to draw out (a tlueadj Jobii iv. iii. 128
tlie siJhdlist thread That ner spider t-ed from her
noiiib; fig. Ado i. i. 321 [313] io t. so fine a story.
two-and-thirty : see pip.
Tybalt : tlie lact tliat ' Tybei t ' or ' Tybalt ' was the
name of tlie cat in the History of Reynard the
Fox is alluded to Koni. ii. iv. 18, iii. i. 80, 82.
Tyburn : usual place of execution in London ; only
allusively LLL.lv.iii. 5i tltetriiuntiry, tlie corner-
cap of society, The shape of lore's Tyburn (with ref.
to the triangular form of the gallows).
type (the only S. senses are)
1 distinguishing mark or sign, badge 3H6 i. iv.
l-'l* Thy father hears the t. of Kiny of Naples (i.e.
the crown; or ?- title, .sense 2), 113 iv. iv. 245,
H8 I. iii. 31 those types of travel.
2 title Lucr. 1050 Of that true type [viz. loyeil] heith
Tarquin rifleil )iic.
Typhon : another name of Typlioeus, a fire-breath-
ing giant, defeated in an attempt to dethrone
Jove, and imprisoned in Tartarus under Aetna,
Troil. I. iii. 160 roariny T., Tit. iv. ii. 95 Enceletdus
(son of Tartarus), With all his ihreedening hand of
Typhon's brood.
tyrannically : vehemently, outrageously Ham.
II. ii. oGl [356] most tyrannically clapped.
tyrannize: to inflict pain or torment on John v.
vii. 47, Tit. in. ii. 8 This poor right hand of mine
Is left to tyrannise upon my breast.
tyrannous: cruel, pitiless K3 iv. iii. 1 The t. and
bloody act IS done, Ham. ii. ii. 491 [482], Lr. iii. iv.
1.55 this t. night, Sonn. cxxxi. 1. ^ More freq.
than the meaning 'tyrannical, despotic '.
tyranny (the sense ' despotic rule ' is freq.)
1 usurpation Mac. iv. iii. 67 intemperance In nature
is ei tyranny.
2 cruelty, pitiless violence All'sW. i. i. 59 the t. of
her sorroirs, Cor. v. iii. 43 Best of my flesh, Foryiie
my t., Lr. in. iv. 2 The t. of the open night,\en. 737.
tyrant (1 cf. AYL. n. i. 61)
1 usurper 3H6 in. iii. 69, 71 To prove him t. this
reason may suffice. That Henry liveth still, Mac. in.
vi. 22 His presence at the tyrant's feast.
2 cruel or pitiless one Ado i. i. 176 a professed I. to
their sex, 2H4 Ind. 14 the stern t. 7far, Cyin. i. i.
84 Hoic fine this t. Can tickle where she wounds.
u
Ullorxa (not satisfactorily explained) : Tim. in.
iv. 114 (Fi Seiiipronius Vllorxa : All, Ff.14 Sem-
proniiis: all) ; printed in italics in Fi, like the
names that precede it.
umber: brown i)igment, used to disguise the face
AYL. I. iii. 115 with n kind of it. smirch my face.
tiniber'd : darkened as if with umber ; perhaps,
shadowed by the firelight H5 iv. Chor. 9. % 'Um-
bered ' was also a term of heraldry =shadowed.
umbrage: shadow Ham. v. ii. 126.
umpire: applied to Death as 'the friendly com-
pounder of differences ' (Cotgr. s.v. Arbitrateur)
IHti n. v. 29, Horn. iv. i. 63.
unable: weak, impotent Shr. v. 'n.llOfroward etnd
n. icorms, H5 v. ii. 403 [Lpil. 1] rough and edl-u.
pen, Lr. I. i. 62.
unaccommodated: UMfiunislied with necessaries,
e. g. dress Li . in. iv. lOU it. man . . . a poor, bare,
forked aiiiiiin!.
unacquainted: (in active sense) having no inti-
mate knowledge ot things Troil. in. iii. 12 As neii
into the n-orld, strange, n.: (in passive sense) un-
familiar, strange John in. iv. 166 u. change,\. ii. 32.
unadvised: by inadvertence Gent. iv. iv. 129 /
have ii-'d Deliier'd you a paper that I should not ;
done in ignorance Lucr. H88 friend to friend gives
It. wounds ; inconsiderate(ly) John 11. i. 45 IrCst
ii-'d you stain your sivords with blood, 191, v. ii.
132, Rom. II. ii. 118 too rash, too u-d, too sudden ;
so iinadvisedly R3 iv. iv. 293.
unagreeable : unsuitable Tim. 11. ii. 41.
unanel'd: not having received the sacrament of
extreme unction Ham. l. v. 77 I'nhouscl d, dis-
nppoinlid, u. *\ 'Anele ' = to anoint was in regu-
lar use from 1300 to 1650.
unapproved: unconfirnied Compl. 53 u. witness.
\inapt: unfit Shr. v. ii. 167 C. to toil, Lucr. 695;
nut prepared or inclined 1H6 v. iii. 132 a soldier,
and It. to iieep. Cor. v. i. 53, Yen. 34 ; so unapt-
ness, disinclination Tim. 11. ii. 141.
unarm. : to take off a person's armour ; trans.
Troil. III. i. 165 To help u. our Hector ; refl. i. ii.
298, v. iii. 35 L'. thee ; intr. i. i. 1 I'll it. again, v.
iii. 3, 25 ; Ant. iv. xii. [xiv.]35 U., Eros{\.c. take
off my armourj.
unattainted: unbiased Rom. i. ii. 90 with ii. eye.
iinautho'riz'd : 0th. iv. i. 2 An unauthoriz'd kiss.
unavoided (2 cL unvalued 2)
1 (ifi not avoided R3 iv. i. 55 ^1 cockatrice . . . Whose
unavoided eye is murderous.
2 unavoidable, inevitable K2 11. i. 269, 1H6 iv. v.
8 .1 terrible emd unavoided danger, R3 iv. iv. 218.
unbacked : unridden Tp. iv. i. 176, Yen. 320.
unbanded: having no liatband AYL. in. ii. 404
your bonnet unbaneled.
unbarbed: unarmed Cor. m. ii. 99 my u. sconce.
unbated : unabated Mer.V. 11. vi. 11 with the u.
file ; not blunted (with a button ; cf. abate 2)
"JIam. IV. vii. 1.38.
unbend : to make slack, relax Mac. 11. ii. 40.
unbent: toheit., not to have one's bow bent, (hence)
to be unprepared Cym. in. iv. Ill ; (of a brow) not
wrinkled or knit Lucr. 1509.
Tinbid : unwelcome 3H6 v. i. 18 0, unhid spite .'.
unbitted: unbridled 0th. i. iii. 336 itnhitted lusts.
unbless : not to make happy Sonn. iii. 4.
unbodied: incorporeal Ti-oil. i. iii. 16.
iinbolt : to disclose (intr.) Tim. i. i. 52.
unbolted : lit. unsifted, (hence) coarse Lr. 11. ii. 70.
unbonneted : ' uncovered ', (hence) on equal terms
0th. I. ii. 23 speak itnbo)meted with . . ,
unbookish: unskilled 0th. iv. i. 102.
unborn : non-existent Cor. in. i. 128 All cause J(.
linbraced: unbuttoned, unfastened C'ses. i. iii. 48,
II. i. 262, Ham. 11. i. 78.
unbraided*: (?) not soiled or faded Wint. iv. iii.
[iv]. 201 Has he any u. wares ?. % 'Braided wares'
( = soiled or faded goods) was a 16th cent. plir.
unbreathed: unexercised JIXD. v. i. 74.
unbred: unborn Sonn. civ. 13 thou age unbred.
unbrvxised: unhurt Kom. 11. iii. 37 u. youth.
unbuckle : to tear off (a helmet) in a close figlit
Cor. IV. v. 131, Ant. iv. iv. 12.
uncape*: (?) to uncouple, throw off the hounds
^YlV. III. iii. 175.
uncase: refl. and intr. to undress LLL. v. ii. 700,
Shr. I. i. 211.
unchargre: to acquit of guilt Ham. iv. vii. 07.
uncbarged: unattacked Tim. v. iv. 55.
unchary : carelessly Tw.N. in. iv. 225.
unchecked: not contradicted Mer.V. in. i. 2.
unclasp : to disclose Ado i. i. 333 |325], NVint. in.
ii. 168 he . . . to my kingly guest L'-'d my practice.
uncleanly: improper, indelicate .■W'L. in. ii. 52,
John n-. i. 7 iiirleanly scruples, Otli. 111. iii. 139.
t)tNCI.E W -
235
tJNFIRBX
unclew: lit. to unwind (see clew); fig. to ruin
Tim. I. i. 109 It iioiild ttnclew me quite.
uncoined*: (a) not yet current, (b) unalloyed,
genuine H5 v. ii. IGO a fellow of plain anduncoined
coHxtancij.
uncolted: deprived of one's horse 1H4 ir. ii. 45 (pun).
tincomforta'ble : cheerless Rom. iv. v. 60 V. time.
iincomprehensive: illimitable, incomprehensible
'i'roil. in. iii. 199.
unconfirmed : inexperienced Ado iii. iii. 123,
IjLL. IV. ii. 19 untrained . . . imlettered . . . wi-
lOii tinned fasli ion. [3U4 n. itarls.
tinconstant : uncertain, abrupt, irregular Lr. i. i.
unconstrained : imposing no constraint Compl.
242 (n unconstrained yijies.
uncouple n^ : to liunt Ven. 674.
n'ncouch: strange, wild, uncanny AYL. ii. vi. 6
this n. forest, Titr ii. iii. 211 surprised with an u.
fear, Lucr. 1598 What uncouth ill event,
uncovered: 1 'are-headed 2H6iv. i. 128; open, un-
concealed Ado IV. i. 310 uncovered slander.
uncropped: not plucked AH'sAV. v. iii. 332.
nncross'd : not cancelled Cyin. in. iii. 26 keeps liis
book uiicross'd ( = remains unpaid). [vii. 141.
unction: salve, lit. and flg. Ham. iir. iv. 145, iv.
unctious: oily, fat Tim. iv. iii. 196.
uncurrent: fig. not allowable or passable, (hence)
objectionable or extraordinary AVint. iii. ii. 50'
With what encounter so uncurrent.
uncurse : to remove a curse from R2 in. ii. 137.
undeeded: having accomplished nothing Mac. v.
vii. 20 niij sword . . . I sheathe . . . undeeded.
under (follows its noun in Lucr. 380)
1 under the pretence of Tim. iii. iii. 33 ; under the
auspices of Sonn. Ixxviii. 4.
2 fio u., (i) profess to be All'sW. iir. v. 21 ; (ii) ad-
here to (an opinion) Troil. i. iii. 383.
3 next to Cor. i. i. 193 Under the nods.
4 as adi. (i) infernal Cor. iv. v. 98 all the u. fends ;
(2) belonging to ' this world below ', sublunary
Meas. IV. iii. 96 the iinderf (old edd. yond) genera-
tion, Lr. IT. ii. 170 this it. ylobe, Sonn. vii. 2 each
tinder eye (=every mortal eye).
underbear : to endure John in. i. 05 woes . . . which
I . . . Am bound to n., R2 I. iv. 29 patient u-imj.
underbome ^elth -. witli a lining or undergarment
of Ado III. iv. 21 underbome with a bluish tinsel.
undercrest: to wear as if a crest Cor. i. ix. 72* /
iii(<in . . . To undercrest your ijood addition.
undergro (3 some explain ' partake of, enjoy')
1 to be liable or subject to, run the risk of Ado v.
ii. 59 Claudia ii-es wy challenge, John iv. i. 134,
1H4 I. iii. 164.
2 to take upon oneself, undertake toperform Gent. V.
iv.42, Wint. ll. iii. I6.i Any thnifj... That my ability
may u., iv. iii, [iv.] 556, 2H4 i. iii. 54 Jlow able
.wcha work to u., Troil. ni. ii. 84, Caes. i. iii. 123
To u. . . . an enterprise, Gym. i. iv. 158 n. what's
spoken, iii. v. 110.
3 to bear the weight of (flg.) Meas. i. i. 23 Ton. such
ample yrace and lionour, Warn . I. iv.34 Their virtues
. . . be they . . . As infinite us man may underyo.
undergoing' : enduring Tp. i. ii. 157 An u. stomach.
underhonest : wanting in straightforwardness
Troil. II. iii. 134.
[underpraise: inferred from suffered under praise
(Tim. I. i. 106) and interpreted as dispraise.]
under-skinker : tapster, barman lH4ir. iv. 20.
understand : used quibblingly=stand underGent.
Ji. V. 28, Err. ii. i. 49, Tw.N. in. i. 90.
undertake (the mod. sense is most freq.)
1 to take charge of H8 ii. i. 97.
2 to assume Shr. iv. ii. 107 Jits name and credit shall
you undertake.
3 to engage with, have to do with Wiv. in. v. 131
you'll u. her no more ?, Tw.N. i. iii. 62, Cym. n. i.
'SOundertake every companion that you give o fence to.
4 intr. to make an attempt or venture Lr. iv. ii. 13.
5 to take up a matter/or Otli. ii. iii. 339.
undertaker: one who takes upon himself a task
or business Tw.N. in.iv. 353 (almost = meddler),
0th. IV. i. 22'iiletme be hisu. ( = 1 will settle him),
undervalued : inferior to Mer.V. i. i. 166.
underwrite : to subscribe to, (hence) submit to
Troil. II. iii. 138.
underwrought : undermined John ii. i. 95.
undeserving vbl. sb.: 'want of merit, unworthi-
ness ' (Schmidt) LLL. v. ii. 307 My lady . . . gives
undeserving praise.
undeterniin'd : not discriminated John n. i. 355
In undelermin'd differences of kings.
undispos'd; not in a meri-y mood Err. i. ii. 80.
undistinguishable:notdi.scernibleMND.ii.i.lOO.
undistinguished : indefinable Lr. iv. vi. 279 0
undistinguish'd (Q i Ff m-) space of woman's will!
(Qq wit) ; intimately mingled Compl. 20 shrieking
ti-'d woe In clamours of all size.
undividable : not divided Err. ii. ii. 126.
undo (2, 3 occur each only once)
1 to hinder, be a bar to Tim. iii. ii. 53, Lr. iv. i. 71
So distribution should undo excess. Per. iv. vi. 4.
2 to beggar (description) Wint. v. ii. 03.
3 fig. to unravel Per. i. i. 117 If by which time our
secret be undone . . .
undone : ruined ; once pi-eceding the sb. Tim. iv.
iii. 490 his undone lord.
undoubted :
1 beyond a doubt, unquestioned John n. i. 369.
2 fearless 3H0y. vii.Ox. champions ; unmixed with
fear 1H6 in. iii. 41 Burgundy, u. hope of France.
undressed: unformed LLL. iv. ii. 17.
unduteous: Wiv. v. v. 252 [240] u. title (see title).
unear'd : unfilled Sonn. iii. 5 whose unear'd ivomii.
unearned: unmerited MND. v. ii. 03 [i. 439] u. luck.
iineath : with difficulty, scarcely 2HG n. iv. 8.
uneffectual : losing its effect Ham. i. v. 90.
unequal : unfair, unjust 2H4 iv. i. 102 a heavy and
unequal hand, Ant. u. v. 101.
uneven :
1 not straightforward Rom. iv. i. 5 U. is the course.
2 disordered, confused Meas. rv. iv. 3* In most u.
and distracted manner, R2 ii. ii. 120' Alt is u., And
everything is left at six and seven.
3 disconcerting, embarrassing 1H4 i. i. 50 u. and
unnelcoiue news.
unexperient: inexperienced Compl. 318.
unexpressive : inexpressible AYL. in. ii. 10 the
. . . unexpressive she.
unfair : to rob of beauty Sonn. v. 4.
tin fashionable : with no comeliness R3 i. i. 22.
unfather'd: fatherless; (hence) not produced in
the ordinary natural course, unnatural 2H4 iv. iv.
122 U. heirs and loathly births of nature, Sonn,
xcvii. 10 hope of orphans and u. fruit, exxiv. 2.
unfeeling : without sensation 2H6 in. ii. 145 his
hand unfeeling.
unfellowed : without an equal Ham. v. ii. 150.
unfelt (for the stress cf. entire)
1 not felt inwardly R3 i. iv. 80 for nnfe'll ima'gina'-
tions ( = ' instead of what they dream of but never
realize', Wright), Mac. ii. iii. H'i an u' nfclt sorrow.
2 not perceived byotliers R2 n. iii. 61 u'lifeltlha'nks
( = ' thanks not accompanied by any palpable
proofs, expressed only in words ', Wright), Lucr.
828 0 u'nfelt so're.
unfenced : defenceless John ii. i. 386 u. desolation.
unfirm : unstable, fickle Tw.N. ii. iv. Z'i giddy and
wifi'rm ; weak 2H4 i. iii. 73 the u'nfirm king.
trNFI.EDG'D -
236
UNNOTED
unfledg'd: (always fig.) inexpcrieneeil, immature
Wint. I. ii. 78, Ham. i. iii. 65, Cym. in. iii. 27.
unfold (the prevailing meanings are ' display, dis-
close, re^-eal, bring a thing to light ')
1 to open (a letter) Ham. v. ii. 17 (Fi unseal) ; fig.
to expand Cym. i. i. 26.
2 to expose, betray (a person) 0th. rv. ii. 141, v. 1. 21
the Moor Mai) unfold mc to him, Ant. v. ii. 169.
unfolding' : disclosure, explanation Otii. i. iii. 246.
unfolding' star -. the star that by its rising tells
the shepherd the time to release the sheep from
the told Meas. iv. ii. 219.
unfool : to take from (a person) the reproach of
tolly Wiv. IV. ii. 123.
unfurnish'd : unmatched with its fellow Mer.V.
III. ii. 126 ; undefended H5 i. ii. 148 ; not hung
■with tapestry R2 i. ii. 68 unfarnish'd walls.
ung'alled: uninjured Err. iii. i. 102 your yet it.
(stiiintlion, Ham. iii. ii. 288 let . . . The hart u. play.
ungenitvired : impotent Meas. iii. ii. 188.
ungird : to relax Tw.N. rv. i. 16 u. thy strangeness.
ungored : uninjured Ham. v. ii. 261. [287.
ungot, -g-otten : unborn Meas. v. i. 142, H5 i. ii.
ung'racious : graceless, profane R2 ii. iii. 89, 1H4
II. iv. 496, R3 II. i. 128, Ham. i. iii. 47.
unguided : ungoverned 2H4 iv. iv. 59.
unhair : to denude of hair Ant. ii. v. 64.
unhair'dt (Theobald) : beardless, youthful John v.
ii. 133 This unhair'd sauciness (Fi unheard).
unhandled : not broken in Mer.V. v. i. 72 ;(. colts.
imhandsome : improper, unbecoming, indecent
AYL. Epil. 2, 1H4 i. iii. 44 a slovenly u. corse ; un-
fair 0th. III. iv. 150 unhandsome warrior as I ant.
unliap'ly (Qqi-s) : contracted form of %mhappily\
(so mod. cdd.) in Luer. 8.
iinliappily : unfavourably, ill H8 I. iv. 89 I should
judiji: now n., Ham. iv. v. 13 there might be thought,
'T/ioiii/h nothing sure, yet much n., Lr. I. ii. 1<)2
sitrrud >i. ; mischievously Sonn. Ixvi. 4 purest
faith unhappily forsworn.
iinliappiness : evil nature R3 1. ii. 25 heir to his ii.
unhappy :
1 fatal, pernicious Cym. v. v. 154 n. mas the clock
That struck the hour, Lucr. 1565 that u. guest ;
licnce used as a term of depreciation =miserable
Err. IV. iv. 126 0 most n. strumpet .', Mer.V. v. i.
238 the u. subject of these quarrels, Lr. iv. vi. 233
Thou old u. traitor, Otli. ii. iii. 35 / have very poor
and unhappy hrainsfor drinking.
2 'mischievously waggish' (J.) All'sW. iv. v. 67
A shr( hJ knave and an unhappy,
unliatched ' : fig. not brought to maturity Ham.
I. iii. 65 (arh u-cl . . . comrade (Qq vew hatcht), Oth.
in. iv. 140 some it-'d practice Made demonstrable.
iinhatched^: not hacked or blunted Tw.N. iii. iv.
260.
unheard : unheard-of, unexampled John v. ii. 133
(sec unhaie'd).
unheart : to dishearten Cor. v. i. 50.
linheedful: rash Gent. ii. vi. 11, 1H6 iv. iv. 7.
unhoused' : (a) having no household ties or cares,
(b,i unmarried Oth. i. ii. 26.
iinhouseled : not having received the holy sacra-
ment Ham. I. V. 77.
unimproved' : not turned to account Ham. i. i.
96. T] ()ther explanations are 'untutored, un-
disciplined', ' unreproved, unimpeached ', 'un-
proved, untried '.
unintelligent : unaware "Wint. i. i. 15 u. of our
iiisuj/iciiiicc.
Union: pcaii Ham. v. ii. 286 (Ff union, Q2 Vnice,
Qq3-5 Onixie), 340 {Ft' union, Qq ^-;, Onixc).
united: ?«. ceremony, union of the' marriage rite
■NViv. IV. vi. 62.
unity (rare sense) : oneness Troll, v. ii. 138 If there
be rule in u. itself {=' if there be a rule that one
is one ', J.).
universal: u. earth, jcorM, the whole world H5iv.
i. 67, viii. 10, Rom. iii. ii. 94; dipped to lersal
Rom. II. iv. 221 (nurse's speech).
unjust (1 and the sense ' inequitable, unlawful ' arc
the most frequent)
1 unfaithful, talse Gent. iv. ii. 2, iv. 175, All'sW.
V. iii. 63, 3H6 v. i. 106 ^«:/(!)-'rf, and n., Troil. v.
i. 99 a most u. knave, Sonn. Music iv. 33 [Pilgr. 331]
Uidess thy lady prove unjust.
2 dishonest Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 691, 1H4 iv. ii. 30.
unjustly : perfidiously Lucr. 1836 this chaste blood
so u. s/ain'd ; dishonestly AU'sW. iv. ii. 76.
unkennel : fig. to reveal Ham. 111. ii. 86.
unkind adj. : (prob.) unnatural AYL. 11. vii. 175,
1116 IV. i. 193, Tit. I. i. 86 h. and careless of thine
own, Lr. iii. iv. 70 his unkind daughters, Ven. 204
(? with play on the sense ' unfeeling, cruel ').
unkindness : ill-feeling, want of kindly feeling
Wiv. I. i. 204, Shr. iv. iii. 169 Take no u., All'sW.
II. V. 36 Is there any u. bdueen my lord and you 1,
C»s. IV. iii. 158.
unkiss: to undo by a kiss R2 v. i. 74 Let me u. the
uath 'twixt thee and nie.
unknown (peculiar uses) : (?) that may not be ex-
pressed or mentioned R3 i. ii. 218 For divers n.
leasons, Sonn. cxvii. 5 That I have frequent been
■with u. minds ; All'sW. 11. iii. 6 an n. fear ( = a
fear of what is unknown); Troil. iii. iii." 125* The
■u. Ajax (' who has abilities which were never
brought into view or use ', J.).
unlace: (app.) to undo (fig.) Oth. 11. iii. 196 That
you unlace your reputation thus.
vinlearn'd: not acquired Cym. iv. ii. 178.
unless : except, it it be not, if there be not All'sW.
IV. i. 6, R2 V. iii. 32 My tongue cleave to my roof
. . . l. a pardon ere I rise or sprnik, R3 iv. iv. 475-6,
Cor. V. i. 72 all hope is vain U. his noble mother
and his ivife (i.e. there is no hope except in them),
Oth. I. i. 24 y^or the division of a battle knows . , .
iinlcss the bookish theoric.
unlike: unlikely, improbable Meas. v. i. 52, Cor.
III. i. 47, Cym. v. v. 355.
unlimited : not limited by the ' unities of time
and place ' Ham. 11. ii. 428 [419] poem unlimited.
unlived : deprived of life Lucr. 1754.
unlooked for : disregarded, unheeded 1H4 v. iii.
(i4 honour comes n., Sonn. xxv. 4 I'nlook'd for joy.
unloved : Ant. iii. vi. 53'* our love, which, left iin-
shoivii, Is often left iinlov'd (=often ceases to be
love).
unluckily : with ill omen Cibs. in. iii. 2 things u.
cliargc m/j fantasy.
'onniahn'd [see man vb. 2] : (in falconry) not ac-
customed to the presence of man Rom. 111. ii. 14
Hood my unmann'd blood.
unmastered: unrestrained Ham. i. iii. 32 his un-
masttr'd importunity.
tiniueritable : untlesen'ing, without merit R3 ni.
vii. 154 my desert Vnmcritabii, Cits. iv. i. 12.
iinniinded: unregarded 1H4 iv. iii. 58.
xinmoan'd: uiilamente^l R3 11. ii. 64 Our fatherless
distress Has Uft unmoan'd.
unmoving': iii Qq of Oth. iv. ii. 54 slow 11. finger,
prob. an error, which is corrected by Fi slow, and
inouing finger (see and 1).
unmuzzle: only fig. to set free AYL. i. ii. 76 n.
your wisdom ; ppl. adj. unrestrained Tw.N. ill. i.
132 uniiiuzzlcd thoughts.
unnerved [cf. nerve] ; weak Ham. 11. ii. 501 [496].
unnoted (2 see note 1)
1 unnoticed, unregarded All'sAV. i. ii. 34, Lucr. 1014.
UNNUMBER'D-
237
UNTAINTED
2 (a) liaviiig no outward signs, impeieeptibic, (b) un-
demonstrative Tim. iir. V. 21* xobcr and ii. prission.
unnumber'd : innumerable Cses. iii. i. 63, Lr. iv.
vi. -22, Cyni. i. vi. 30 (see numbek'd).
unordinate: inordinate Otli. ii. iii. 313 (Qi).
nnowed: having no owner Jolin iv. iii. 147.
unpaxag'oned : matchless Cym. i. iv. 92, ii. ii. 17.
unpartial : impartial H8 ii. ii. 107 (Ffj 2).
unpaved (.jocuiar): without 'stones', castrated
C'ym. II. iii. 34.
unpay : to undo 2H4 11. i. 134 u. the villany yon
litive done licr.
unpeeled [cf. pill 2 ; nn- is Intensive] : stripped
LLL. II. i. 88 his it. house (Qi ; the test wipeopled).
unperfect : not knowing one's part Sonn. xxiii. 1
an n. actor. ^ Cf. perficlness LLL. v. ii. 174.
unpink'd: nut scalloped Shr. iv. i. 136 Giibrid's
pumps Hire nil tinpntk'd f the heel.
unpitied : unmercitul Meas. iv. ii. 13.
unpiausive : disapproving Troil. iii. iii. 43.
unpregnant (see pregnant ^)
1 unapt Meas. iv. iv. 23 it.Anddidl to allprocecdiiiys,
2 u. of, not quickened by Ham. 11. ii. 603 [695).
unprevailing' : unavailing Ham. i. ii. 107. ^ 'Pre-
vail ' = avail is a 10th cent. use.
unprizable : to which no value can be attached ;
lience in two opposite senses, (1) worthless Tw.N.
\. i. 59, (2) invaluable Cym. i. iv. 104.
nnprized': (a) not valued or .appreciated, (b) in-
valuable (cf. UNVALUED) Lr. I. I. 262.
unprofited : prolitless Tw.N. i. iv. 22 ii. return.
improper: not belonging exclusively to an indi-
vidual, common 0th. iv. i. 69 lie in those it. heih
'Which they dare sivear peculiar. ^ There is prob.
no allusion to a sense 'indecent', sincecorrespond-
ing uses of the words ' proper ' and ' improper '
are post-S.
uaproperly: improperly Cor. v. iii. 54.
unproportion'd : inordinate Ham. i. iii. GO.
improvide : to make unprepared, weaken the re-
solution of Otli. IV. i. 217 lest her body and hiau/y
unjn-oeide my mind nyaiii.
iinprovided : unprepared H5 iv. i. 186 if they die
((., 3HG V. iv. 03 ; unarmed R3 in. ii. 73, Lr. ii. i.
54 he charr/es home My iinproiidcd body.
iinqualitied : divested of his (manly) qualities
Ant. III. ix. [xi.]44.
imquestionable : unwilling to talk AYL. in. ii.
3'J9. ^Cf. QUESTIONABLE.
unraised: not aspiring H5 i. C'hor. 9 n. spirits.
imrak'd : (of a fire) not raked together and covered
witli fuel so as to keep it in Wiv. v. v. 60 Where
Jires than find'st itnrali'd.
iinready : not fully clothed 1H6 ii. i. 39.
unreasonable: not endowed with reason 3H6 ii.
ii. L'ti Unreasonable crcattires.
Txnrecalling' : not to be recalled, past recall Lucr.
'Mi his nnrecallinfi crime.
nnreclain^ed: untamed Ham. ii. i. 34 n. blood.
^I'rojicrly used of hawks.
xinreciiring- : incurable, past cure Tit. iii. i. 01
soiin ttiiricurinr/ n-otuid.
ixnreprievable:' without possibility of a reprieve
.Julm v. vii. 48.
xinresisted: irresistible Lucr. 282.
irnrespected: unnoticed, not regarded Sonn.
xljii. 2lhc)/riew things n., liv. 10 They lite un-
iiijii'd, and liurespecttd fade.
iinrespective : unobservant, heedless R3iv. ii. 29
u. boys; fig. Troil. ir. ii. 71 *th row inn. sieve {ai>i>,
= tliat cares not what is put into it).
linreverend, unreverent [cf. reverekd] : irre-
verent, disrespectful Shr. iii. ii. 115 the.se iinre-
lercnt robes, John i. i. 227 Ihoit iiurctiroid boy.
unrightful : liaving no rightful claim R2 v. i. 63
Tu plant unrii/htful kinys.
unrolled : struck off the roll (of thieves) Wint. iv.
ii. [iii.] 131.
vinroosted: ousted from one's place Wint. ii. iii. 74.
unrough : smooth, beardless Mac. v. ii. 10.
unsalted: not salted Troil. ii. i. 16 thou u. leaven
(Vt II Itinid'st, mod. edd. vinewcd'stf).
unsanctified : wicked Mac. iv. ii. 79, Lr. iv. vi.282.
unscann'd : inconsiderate Cor. in. i. 311 The harm
of tinscann'd sivifttiess.
unsealed : not ratified (as by aseal) All'sW. iv. ii. 30.
ixnseani: to rip up Mac. i. ii. 22 lie unseam'd hint
from the nave to the chaps.
unseasonable: not in season for hunting Lucr.
681 To. strike a poor unseasonable doe.
unseasoned :
1 unseasonable, ill-timed Wiv. ii. ii. 176 ihisn. in-
Inision, 2H4 in. i. 105.
2 immature All'sW. i. i. 81.
unsecret : v. to ourselves, not keeping our own
counsel Troil. in. ii. 133. [i. 156.
unseeming' : not seeming (to be willing to) LLL. n.
unseminar'd : destitute of seed Ant. i. v. 11.
unset : not planted or sown Sonn. xvi. 6 many
iHuidoi !/iirdens, yet unset. [02.
unsettled : undecided All's W. ii. v. 69, H8 ii. iv.
unsever'd: inseparable (cf. abhoeked) Cor. in. ii.
42 nnsfver'd friends.
unshak'd : not shaken C'ses. in. i. 70 r. of motion
( = ' undisturbed by the force whicli moves the
rest ', Aldis Wright), Cym. ii. i. 70.
unshape : to put out, upset Meas. iv. iv. 23.
unshaped: unfonned, artless Ham. iv. v. 8 Iter
sjituh is nothing. Yet the unshaptd ttse of it , . .
ixnshapen : deformed Bii i. ii. 262 {Ff mishapen).
unshorn : having the nap undipped Conipl. 94 u.
unshout: to reverse by shouting the effect of
(fornier shouting) Cor. v. iv. 70 [v. 4] U. the noise
that hanisli'il Marcius.
unshunnable : inevitable Otli. in. iii. 275.
unshunned (cf. unsever'd) :=prec. Meas. m. ii. 64
iin unshunned conseifiunce.
unsifted: untried Ham. i. iii. 102.
unsinew'd: weak Ham. iv. vii. 10 (Ffjo Qq ^"i-
sinnoii(t)d ; see sinew).
unsisting: (?) misprint in Ffiaa for insisting (Ft)
^persistent Meas. TV. ii. 92 (many conj., e.g. im-
rcsisliugf, unansistingf).
unsorted: ill-chosen (cf. sort vb. 2) 1H4 n. iii. 15
the time itself unsorlcd.
unsphere: to remove (a star) from its sphere (see
SPiiEiiE) Wint. I. ii. 48.
unsquare (Q), unsquar'd (Ff) : not adapted to the
purpose, inapt Troil. i. iii. 15i».
unstaid : unbecoming Gent. n. vii. 00.
unsta(ii)nched (2 cf. unsever'd)
1 leaky (fig.) Tp. I. i. 53.
2 insatiable 3H0 ii. vi. 83 tinslaunelnd thirst.
tinstate : to strip of state and dignity Lr. i. ii. Ill
I nould u. myself ( = lose my rank). Ant. in. xi.
[xiii.] 30 Cccsar will Vnstate his happiness,
unsure :
1 unsafe 2H4 l. iii. 89 A habitation giddy and unsure.
2 uncertain Tw.N. il. iii. 62 What's to come is still
11., Mac. V. iv. 20 their it. hopes, 0th. in. iii. 151
his scattering and unsure observance.
xinsured : insecure John ii. i. 471.
xmsway'd :
1 not wielded R3 I v. iv. 470 is the sword uusnay'df.
2 (?) deprived of self-control Sonn. cxli. 11*.
untainted (2 cf. taint vb. 3)
1 unaccused R3 in. vi. 9.
UNTAUGHT -
238
UPOH
2 unsullied, witliout blemisli Sonn. xix. 11.
untaught : uncultured, unmannerly Meas. ii. iv. 30
tlieiy u. loce Must needs appear offence, 1H4 i. iii.
43 n. laiaces, Koni. v. lii. 214 0 ikou ti. ! what
iniiniieys is tn ihis . . . ?.
iintempering : not having a softening influence
H5 V. ii. 239 (he poor and u. effect of my visafje.
untented ' : (of a wound) not tented or cleaned
out, and so liable to fester Lr. i. iv.324 J/f' untented
itonndinr/s ofu/atlier's curse.
unthread: John v. iv. 11 U. the rude eye of rebellion
= retrace tlie rough path of rebellion. ^I Cf. the
uses of thread in R2 v. v. 17, Cor. in. i. 123, Lr, ii.
i. 121.
tinthrift: prodigal, (hence) good-for-nothing; adj.
Mer.V. V. i. 10 an u. luce, Tim. iv. iii. 311 'SVhitt
niiiH didst thou ever know h. that teas beloved after his
means? ;— sb. R2 il. iii. 122 upstart n-s, Sonn. ix.
9, xiii. 13. ^ Marked as an 'old word ' by Bailey.
unthrifty (with 1 and 2 cf. u.nthrift)
1 not thrifty, not eager for increase or jirofit Wint.
V. ii. 126 u. to our tiuowledye ( = not increasing in
knowledge), Sonn. iv. 1 Unthrifty loveliness.
2 good-for-nothing Mer.V. i. iii. Ill eimi,. knave, R2
V. iii. 1.
3 not bringing success (cf. thrift 2), unlucky Rom.
%■. iii. 136 «oiii« ill u. thing (Q2 ; the vesiunlucky).
untie : to solve Cym. v. iv. 149.
unto : =to, in various senses ; = in addition to AYL.
I. ii. 255 I should have ijivcn him tears unto entrea-
ties, R2 V. iii. 97 L'nlo my mother's prayers I bend
my knee \ in regard or relation to Ant. 11. ii. 150
his power nnlo Octavia ; in accordance with Per.
II. i. 16a Unto thy value. ^ Usually placed so that
the second syll. bears the verse-accent, e.g. Yen.
203 The stro'ng-neck'd stee'd, being tie'd unto' a tree' ;
contrast 2H0 11. ii. 50 Sole da'ughlcru'nto Li'onel,
Jlii'ke of Cla'rence.
iintold: unreckoned Sonn. cxxxvi. Q inthenumber
Id me pass iinlold. [243.
itntoward: nnmannerlv Shr. iv. v. 79, Jolini. i.
untowardly : perversely Ado 111. ii. 136 0 day u.
tumid.
iintraded: unliackneyed Troil. iv. v. 177 that I
uffed the untradedoath.
untread: to retrace (a path, steps) Mer.V. 11. vi.
lu, John V. iv. 52, Yen. 908.
untreasured: stripped of the treasure of AY'L. ir.
ii. 7.
untrimmed: with her hair lianging loose, after
the fashion of brides John in. i. 209 a new n.
bride. ^ Cf. Untrimmed, 'incomptus', 'impexus'
(Rider's Diet.).
untrue sb.: untruth Sonn. cxiii. 14* maketh mine
It. ( -is the cause of my not seeing things truly);
Capell, Malono makes mine eyef untrue.
untrue adv.: untruly, indefiauceof thetruthSonn.
Ixxii. 10.
untrussing' : untying the points (see point sb. 5)
Meas. III. ii. 194.
untruth: unfaithfulness, disloyalty R2 11. ii. 101,
Truil. V. ii. 176.
xintucked : dishevelle.l Compl. 31.
untuneable (twice ; cf. tuneable) : discordant
Gent. III. i. 209 harsh, «., AY'L. v. iii. 38 (he note
vas very unluneable (Theobald unttmeable tj.
untun'd (2 cf. tune ^ tone)
1 untuneful, discordant R2 i. iii. 134 hoist'rous u.
drums; out of tune Lr. iv. vii. 16 Then, and jar-
ring senses.
2 the tone of which is changed Err. v. i. 312 my
feeble key of u. cares ( - the weak tone of my voice,
whicli is altered by sorrow), Lucr. 1211 With u.
tongue she hoarsely call'd her maid.
untutor'd : -untaught 2H6 in. ii. 213 Some stern
u. churl, 3H6 v. v. 32 U. lad, thou art too malapert,
Sonn. cxxxviii. 3.
unvalu'd (2 cf. unavoided 2)
1 of no value Ham. i. iii. 19.
2 inestimable R3 1. iv. 27 utivalu'd jewels.
unvex'd: unmolested John 11. i. 253.
unwares : unawares 3H0 11. v. 02 ; in Troil. iii. ii.
38 (Q)((/ unwares, misprint for at unawares (Fi).
^ L sed by Golding, and freq. in Spenser.
unwarily: unexpectedly John v. vii. 03.
unwashed: 1114 in. iii. 205 with u. hands, with-
out waitiiiu' to wash your hands, i.e. at once.
unwedgeahle : not splittable into wedges Meas.
u. ii. im Itie U7iwcdgcable and gnarled oak.
unweigfhed : inconsiderate Wiv. 11. i. 23.
unweighing: thoughtless Meas. in. ii. 151.
unwholesome: foul Troil. 11. iii. 130.
unwish : to wish (persons) out of existence H5 iv.
iii. 70 thou liast unwisli'd five thousand men.
iinwit : to deprive of understanding 0th. 11. iii. 184.
unworthy: undeserved, unfitting R3 1. ii. 88 d/dii
luinorthy slaughter upon others.
unwrung : not wrenched or galled, as by a bad
saddle Ham. in. ii. 257 our withers are unwrung,
unyoke :
1 to free cattle from the yoke ; fig. to finish one's
work Ham. v. i. 57 Ay, tell me that, and unyolce.
2 to disjoin John iir. i. 241.
unyok'd: uncurbed 1H4 i. ii. 218 The n. humour
of your idleness.
up "adv. :
1 on foot, in motion, going on Tit. 11. ii. 1 The hunt
is up, Ca>s. V. i. 08 The storm is up, Cym. in. iii.
107 'flie game is up (cf. supra the game is roused).
2 in a state of hostile activity, 'up in arms' 1H4
HI. ii. 120, 2H4 i. i. 189 [he] is up, WM well-
appointed powers, 2H6 iv. ii. 191 rroclaini them
traitors thai are up with Cade.
3 in confinement Ant. in. v. 13 the poor third is up,
till death eiitarge his confine.
up and down: 'allover', altogether, exactly Gent.
ir. iii. 32 here's my mother's breath n.. Alio 11. i.
120 Here's his dry hand u., in. iii. 134 a' goes u.
like a yenllcman. Tit. v. ii. 107 u, site doth resemble
thee.
upbraid: to find fault with (a person's action) Tp.
II. i. 295 L287] who Should not u. our couise, 2H4
IV. V. 191, Troil. in. ii. 198 let memory . . . U. my
falsehood, Mac. v. ii. 18 upbraid his faith-breach.
upcast : a ihruw at the game of bowls Cym. it. i. 2
when I kissed the jack, upon an ?(. to be hit away .'.
tipmost: topmost Ca?s. 11. i. 2i Hie upmost round.
upon adv. (see also look upon)
1 on the surface Mer.V. 11. vii. 57 A coin . . . that's
tnsculp'd upon.
2 (with advs. near, hard, fast) almost immediately
after the event in question Meas. iv. vi. 14, Troil.
IV. iii. 3, V. vi. 10.
upon prep, (follows its noun in All'sW. iii. iv. 6
the cold ground upon, R2 n. iii. 138 ; 0 developed
from the use with words like 'attack '; for idio-
matic uses with vbs. and adjs. see the latter)
1 on the side or party of John 11. i. 237 whose pro-
tection Is most divinely vow'd upon (he right Of him
it holds, Mac. III. vi. 30 upon his aid To wake
XorthumberliDid.
2 independenceon, inconscqucnccof, onaccountof,
because of, in pursuance of Ado iv. i. 225 When he
shall hear shedicd upon his words, ic. All's AV.iv.iv.
30 Upon your will to suffer, Tw.N. v. i. 285 he upon
some action Is now in durance, John 11. i. 597 kings
break faith upon Commodity, H5 i. i. 70 Upon our
spiritual convocation, iv. i.'lO, Cor. il i. 217 upon
UFRIGHTEOUSLY -
239
UTTERMOST
tlteir nxcienl iiialkc, Cxs. iv. iii. 151 She is dead.
. . . VjiOH uiint sicktKbii ? ; lit'iitc u})on the hand
= by tlic liaticlMND. ii. i. 244 To die upon tltehund
I late so well i? witli mixture of sense ' near ').
3 on the strength of Tim. in. i. 4(Ji(;<o)t hare/ricnd-
sliiji,uillioitlsecHri/!/. Ca;s. in. J. 221 rpon (hisliope.
4 bent upon 0th. i. i.lOO* L'jtoii malicious knaieri/.
5 at or just about (.a certain time) Mcas. iv. i. 19
mtich upon tins time Iniie I promised here to meet,
H5 I. i. 91 upon llutt inslanl, E3 lii. ii. 5 WliiU is t
o'clock?— ipoit ike stroke of foxir, iv. ii. Ill, Ham.
I. i. 6 You come most carefully upon your hour ;
similarly Ges. iir. ii. 271 Me comes upon a wish
( =as soon as desired).
6 against Cor. mi. iii. 4G such faults As shall heproi'd
upon you, Mac. iv. iii. 112, 131 my first false speuk-
in(j ^yas tins upon myself, Lr. iii. vi. 98 a plot of
dentil upon hiiii.''
7 (with words denoting command or autliority)
iisu. = over Gent. iii. i. 239, Tit. iii. i. 208 And
nould usurp upon my watery eyes, Mac. in. i. IG
Lei your highness Command upon me, Ant. i. iii.
23 1 have no power upon you.
nprig°hteously: rigliteously Meas. in. i. 205.
uproar : to disturb Mac. iv. iii. 99 Uproar the uni-
iirstd jicnce.
iipshoot: best shot LLL. iv. i. 140.
upshot: conclusion Tw.N. iv. ii. 77, Ham. v. ii.398.
upspring' [a pp. translation of German 'hiipfauf"] :
the wildest dance at the old German mcrry-
makiiigs Ham. i. iv. ^ Keeps wassail, and the sivay-
f/erimi upspriny reds.
upstaring: standing on end Tp. i. ii. 213 With hair
II. "^ Spenser has ' upstariiig crests' and 'up-
start liaire',
upstart : (?) overbearing fellow 1H6 iv. vii. 87.
upswarm : to raise in swarms 2H4 iv. ii. 30.
uptill : against, on Sonn. Music vi. lu [Pilgr. 382J.
ixpward sb. : top Lr. v. iii. 138 /rom the extremest
uji'iard of thy head To the . . .
upward adj. : upturned Tim. IV. iii. 191 thy upward
face, Cxs. V. iii. 93.
urcMn :
1 hedgehog Tit. ii. iii. 101.
2 goblin, elf Tp. i. ii. 32G, Wiv. n'. iv. 51 Like u-s,
ouphs, and fairies.
urchin show : elf-like apparition Tp. ii. ii. 5.
urchin-snouted : having a snout like a hedgehog
Yen. 1105 urchin-snouted hoar.
urge (rare uses)
1 intr. to put forward a strong plea or argument
(for, ayainst) H8 ii. i. 16 The kinifs attorney . . .
L-'d on the examinations ... Of dicers icitnesses
( = pleaded on the evidence of . . .), v. iii. 48 That
. . . my accusers . . . may . . .freely «. against me,
Tim. in. ii. 14 niged extremely for t.
2 to put forward (a person's name) Ant. ii. ii. 50
my brother iierer Did u. nie in Ins aci ( = make capi-
tal of my name in his war).
urinal: glass vessel to receive urine Gent. ii. i.43,
Uiv. III. i. 14, 91.
urn (2 as sense not elsewhere in S.)
1 (properly) vessel to hold the ashes of the dead
1H(5 1, vi. 24 ; (transf.) grave H5 i. ii. 228, Cor. v.
V. [vi.] 146.
2 ^vater-,jug ; fig. of the eyes Tit. iii. i. 17 rain
( = tears). That shall distil from these two ancient
unisf (old edd. ruin{e)s).
usage : habit 0th. i v. iii. 107 (Q i only; the rest uses).
iisance (only Mcr.V.); interest on" money, usury
Mer.V. I. iii. 46, &c.
use sb. (obsolete or archaic uses)
1 habitual practice, custom Meas. i. iv. 62 use and
liberty ( = licentious practice,!, Mcr.V. iv. i. 269 it
IS still her (viz. Fortune's) use To let the wretched
man outlive his wealth, AH'sA'V. v. i. 24 ivitli more
haste Than is his use, Tim. I. i. 292 a return ejxeed-
iny All use of quittance, 0th. iv. i. 285 /»■ it his use?;
pi. usages, ways Ham. I. ii. 134 oW the uses of this
world, 0th. IV. iii. 107 (Qi vsaye).
2 common experience Cies. ii. ii. 25 beyond all use,
in. i. 265 so m use (=of such common occurrence),
Mac. I. iii. VH Against tlieuse of nature.
3 profit, advantage John v. iv. 27 Vi'hat in the world
should make me now decciie. Since I must lose the
use of edl deceit?, H8 in. ii. 421 make use ( = take
advantage of the opportunity).
4 interest on something lent Meas. I. i. 40, Ado ir.
i. 290 he lent it me eiwhile ; andlyaie him use for it,
Sonn. vi. 5, cxxxiv. 10 ; phr. put to Mse Tw.N. in.
i. 58, Yen. 768.
5 need Tim. n. i. 20 Mij uses cry to me, in. ii. 41, v.
i. 211, Cym. iv. iv. 7.
6 in %ise, in trust Mer.V. iv. i. 384, Ant. i. iii. 44*.
use vb. (obsolete or archaic uses)
1 to be in tlie habit of doing (a thing), make a prac-
tice of Mer.V. l. iii. 71 I do never use it, Cor. in. i.
113 OS 'twas us'd, Lr. i. iv. 188 ; Avith infin. Troll.
n. i. 52 If thou use to beat me.
2 to be accustomed (with inf.) Tp. ii. i. 182 they «/-
iritys use to laugh at nothing, Ant. II. v. 32 tee use
To say the dead are well.
3 refl. to behave oneself H8 in. i. 175 If I have us'd
myself unmannerly.
4 to put out at interest Sonn. i v. 7* Profitless u.surer,
why dost thou use So great a sum of sums, yet canst
not live ?.
5 use of, deal Avith Tit. v. i. 39 To use as you think
needful of the man.
6 to be familiar with Mac. in. ii. 10 ; cf. next.
us'd : familiar Per. i. ii. 3 so us'd a guest.
usurer: u-'s chain, chain such as was worn by
wealthy citizens of the merchant or banker class
Ado II. i. 199.
usuring: usurious, grasping, .stingy Tim. in. v. 112,
IV. iii. 518 a usuring kindness.
usurp : intr. to encroach or exercise unlawful in-
fluence upon Tit. III. i. 268 this sorrow . . . woidd
u. upon my watery eyes. Ham. in. ii. 275, Per. iii.
ii. 82 Death may usurp on nature many hours.
usurped: false 0th. i. iii. 346 an u. beard; so
usurping LLL. IV. iii. 259 usurping hair.
ut : lowest note of the musical scale LLL. iv. ii. 103,
Slir. III. i. 77.
utis [variant form of ' utas ' = octave of a festival,
i.e. the eighth day after the feast-day, or the
period of eight days beginning with it] : in transf.
sense, merrymaking 2H4 ii. iv. 22 old tt/w ( = raro
fun).
utmost: furthest John ii. i. 29 that u. corner of the
((■£6/, 0th. v. ii. 261 my butt, Andierysca-inarkofmy
u. sail ; absol. furthest point Meas. ii. i. 36 tluit's
the utmost of his pilgrimage.
Utter (cf. 2 ' utter false coin ')
1 to emit MND. iv. ii. 45 eat no onions nor garlic,
for we are to u. sweet breath, Wiut. iv. iii. [iv.] 165,
Cits. I. ii. 246.
2 to put forth, put in circulation, offer for sale, put
on the market LLL. n. i. 16 u-'d by base sale of
chapmen's tongues. Wint. IV. iii. [iv.] 332 Money's
amcddler. That doth u. all men's ware-a, Rom. v. i.
67 Such mortal drugs I have ; but Jlanlaa's law Is
death to any lie that utters them.
titterance : to the u., at u., to the uttermost, to the
last extremity Mac. m. i. 72 champion me lu the u.,
Cym. 111. i. 73 keep at utterance.
Uttermost : Mer.V. i. i. 157 of my u., of my doing
mv utmost ; Coes. ii. i. 213 the «[., the latest.
VACANCY -
240
— VEIN
V
vacancy :
1 empty space, vacuity Ham. iir. iv. IIG bend jjonr
eye on vacancy, Ant. ii. ii. 224.
. 2 unoccupied time Ant. i. iv. 26; vacant interval
Tw.N. V. i. 99 a minute's vacancy.
vacant: devoid o/ H8 v. i. 126.
vade: to fade R2 I. ii. 20 his summer leaves all laded,
Sunn. liv. 14.
vagaljond : moving to and fro Ant. i. iv. 45 a v.
fliiij upon ihe s/rcain.
vagroni: vagrant Adoiii. iii. 26 (Dogberry).
vailsb.: going down Troil. v. viii. 7 the vail and
dayhiiiy of the sun.
vail vb. [aplietic form of ' avail, avale ', Fi". ' avaler ' j
1 to let fall, lower LLL. v. ii. 298 angels v-iwj clouds
( = lettiiig tall tlie clouds that hide them), Mer.V.
I. i. 28 Xailinij her hiyh-top, 1H6 v. iii. 25 v. her
lofty-plumed crest, Ham. i. ii. 70 thy vailed lids.
Per. II. iii. 42.
2 fig. Shr. V. ii. 177 vail your stomachs, 2H4 i. i. 129,
Cor. III. i. 97 vail your ii/nora)ice.
3 to do homage to Per. iv. Gower 29.
vailfult : advantageous Mcas. iv. vi.i to r. purpose
{Fiiailif full, Maloiie veilfuUf).
vails : perquisites, tips Per. ii. i. 163. ^ Remains
in some midland dialects,
vain (sense 1, and 'empty, worthless', 'ineffectual'
arc the chief meanings)
1 empty-headed, foolisli, silly Err. iii. ii. 187 no
man is so vain That nould refuse so fair an offer d
chain, LLL. v. ii. 769 wanton , . . sla'ppiny and
vain, 1H4 m. ii. 67 every beardless vain comparative,
Lr. IV. ii. 61 0 vain fool.
2 false Err. iir. ii. 27.
3 for vain, in vain Meas. ii. iv. 12.
vainly: falsely, wrongly 2H4 iv. v. 237.
vainness : boastfulness, vanity Tw.N. in. iv. 39P,
115 v. Chor. 20. [451 [442].
valanced: 'curtained' with a beard Ham. ii. ii.
vale (not used in prose) : fig. 2H6 n. i. 70 this earthly
I (lit. 0th. III. iii. 266 the vale of years.
validity :
1 strength Ham. in. ii. 201 Of . . . poor validity.
2 value AH'sW. v. iii. 194 //)/,* ring. Whose . . . rich
?...., Tw.N. I. i. 12, Rom. in. iii. 33 more v. . . .
lives In carrion flies than Jiomeo, Lr. i. i. 83.
value sb.: estimation H8 v. iii. 108 How much more
is las life in value irith him ; estimate Cor. ii. ii. 64
A kinder value of tlic people.
value vb. (1 freq. in the gen. sense)
1 to rate, estimate ; 1H4 in. ii. 177 Our business v-d,
taking into consideration how long our business
will take us ; v. ii. 59 valu'd with you, compared
with you in lespect of wortli.
2 to be worth (so much) H8 i. i. 88, ii. iii. 52.
valu'd : containing the values of each set down
3Iai-. III. i. 95 tlie valu'd file.
vanibrace : see vantbrace.
vanish: to escape from Rom. in. iii. 10 ^l gentler
jiiiliHiii'-nf iiinisli'd from his lips.
vanity (1 ct. I.NiiiuiTY)
1 character in the old morality plays Lr. ii. ii. 40
Vanity the puppd's part.
2 illusion Tu. iv. i. 41 Some vanity of mine art.
vantage (2 by far the most freq. sense)
1 superior position, superiority MND. i. i. 1U2 ((.s
fairly rank'd If not with v., H5 ni. vi. 156 an
enemy of craft and v., Lucr. 219 Urgimi . . . for v.
( = putting in the most favourable light) ; phr.
2H4 n. iii. h'i get ground and i. of the king, H6 iv.
i. 300 Had the fore-hand and taniage of a king.
2 opportunity, = advantage 1, Gent. i. iii. 82, iv.
i. 29, Shr. in. ii. 147 watch our v., 1H6 iv. v. 28
for V. (=to get a good opportunity). Cor. v. v.
[vi.] 64 at your v., . . . let him feel your sword,
Mac. I. ii. 31 surveying v., i. vi. Icoignof v. (=con-
venient corner). Ham. v. ii. 404, Cym. i. iii. 24
With his next v., Ven. 635 [the boarj having thee
at V. ( = in a position favourable to himself).
3 benefit, profit, gain John n. i. 550, Cor. i. i. 166
to win some v., Cym. v. v. 199 for my v., excellent,
Sonn. Ixxxviii. 12.
4 of v., to the v., in addition, besides Ham. in. iii.
33, 0th. IV. iii. 87.
vantbrace; armour for the front part of the arm
Troil. I. iii. 297 (Q vambrace).
vaporous: v. drop, 'a foam which tlie moon was
supposed to shed on particular herbs, or other
objects, when strongly solicited by enchantment'
(Steevens) Mac. in. v. 24.
vara : dial, pronunciation of ' very ' LLL. v. ii. 488
(Costard). ^ Now confined to northei-n dial.
variable: various Cor. ii. i. 231 ridges hors'd With
V. complexions, Ham.in.i.181 the seas and coutttries
diff'i rnd With variable objects, Cym. l. vi. 134.
variation : variety 1H4 i. i. 64, Sonn. Ixxvi. 2.
varlet: gentleman's son in the service of a knight
or \aiuce H5 iv. ii. 2 (intendea for Frencli ;
Fi Yerlot), Troil. i. i. 1 Call here my v., I'll unarm
again.. i| The sense ' rascal, knave ' is freq.
varletry : rabble Ant. v. ii. 56 the shouting v.
vary sb.: change, variation Lr. n. ii. 81.
vary vb.: to express in ditt'erent terms H5 in. vil.
35 vary descried praise on my palfrey.
vassal : base wretch, slavish fellow LLL. i. i. 253
that shallow v. (irssilf), 2H6 iv. i. Ill a lowly v., Lr.
I. i. 163 0 v.: miscreant .'. — adj. slavish, base 1H4
III. ii. 124 v. fear, H5 in. v. 51 the valleys, whose
low vassal seat The Alps doth spit . . . upon.
vassalagfe: vassals collectively Troil. in. ii. 38.
vast : the senses 'boundless, immense ' and ' waste,
desolate ' are app. sometimes blended R3 1. iv. 39
the empty, v., and wandering air, Tit. IV. i. 53 the
rutldess, v., and, gloo)ny woods, v. ii. 36 Xo v. ob-
scurity or misty vale ; extending far and wide
John IV. iii. 152 v. confusion ; — sb. (1) desolate
period (of the night) Tp. I. ii. 327, Ham. i. ii. 198
Ihe dead vast and middle of the night (Qqise;
others irasl(e) ; (2) boundless desolate sea Wint. i.
i. 33, Per. in. i. 1 The god of this great vast.
vastidity: immensity Meas. ju.uiil all the worhl'sv.
vastly*: (a) in desolation, (b) far and wide Lucr.
1740.
vasty: usu.=vast, as in 1H4 in. i. 53 I can call
spirits from the v. deep ; but prob. with mixture
of sense 'waste' in Mer.V. n. vii. 41 the r. wilds
Of iride Arabia.
vaultag'e (once): app. cavern H5 n. iv. 124 womby
vault ages.
vanity: arched, hollow, cavernous John nr. iv. .30
[death's] v. brows (jieiliaps with a ref. to burial
vaults), Rom. in. v. 22 The vnaltgheann, Lucr. 119
[night's] vanity prison.
vaunt : beginning, rise Troil. Prol. 27 the vaunt and
firstlings of those broils.
vaunt-courier : herald, harbinger Lr. ni. ii. 5 V-s
tiiuiik-rlnnmg Ihiiiiderbolts.
vaward: \ani;uanl H5 iv. iii. 130, Cor. i. vi.53; fig.
early part MNL>. iv. i. Ill the v. of the day, 2H4l.
ii. 202 Ihe vaiiard of our youth.
vegfetives : vegetables Per. in. ii. 36.
vein (1 tlie literal sense is freq.)
1 fig. John v. ii. 38 combine The blood of malice i)i a
V. of league, Troil. i. iii. 6, Per. i. iv. 94 the Trojan
horse was stuff'd within With bloody icnis.
VSI.UBE —
241
— VICE
2 disposition, humour Err. ii. ii. 20 in iliix merry v.,
R3 IV. ii. 115 in tlie f/iviiii/ rein, Troil. ii. iii. 213 Ae
rubs I lie rein of him.
3 particular style or manner of life or action Meas.
II. ii. 70, MND. l. ii. 4:j This is Ercks' v., a tyrant's
teiti, 1H4 II. iv. 431.
velure : velvet Slir. in. ii. 63.
velvet: adj. 'sleek and prosperous' (Aldis Wright)
AYL. II. i. 50 his velvet friends.
velvet-guards : wearers of velvet trimmings (see
GUARD sb. 4) or such finery 1H4 iii. i. 260.
venew, venue, veney : tluust in fencing LLL.
V. i. 63 (fig.) a sweet touch, a quick v. of luit .', Ham.
(Q i) line 181 1 in twtlce venies (Fi in a dozen passes) ;
also a fencing-bout Wiv. i. i. 298 (F i veneys).
vengeance (3 cf. phr. ' with a vengeance ')
1 mischief, harm AYL. iv. iii. 49 That could do no
veni/eance to me, Tit. ii. iii. 113.
2 in imprecations Gent. ii. iii. 21 A v. on't, 2H6 in.
ii. 304 threefold v. tend upon your steps.', Troil. ii.
iii. 19 the v. on the whole camp, Cor. iii. i. 261 What
the lemjeance!, Lr. ii. iv. 96.
3 as adv. Cor. ii. ii. 6 xewjeance proud,
vengeful: revengeful, vindictive Sonn. xcix. 13.
Venice gold: gold thre.id of Venetian manufacture
Shr. II. i. 348 [356].
venison : wild animals hunted for food AYL ii. i.
21 Icitl . . . v., Cym. in. iii. 75 Be that strikes The v.
venom: poisonous (lit. and fig.) Err. v. i. 69 The v.
clamours of a jealous woman, R2 ii. i. 19, 3H6 ii.
ii. 138 renom toads, Lucr. 850 venom mud.
venomed (2ef. rcnom'd-mouth'd H8 i. i. 120, altered
in mod. edd. to venom-mouih'df)
1 poisoned R2 i. i. 171 slander' sv-dspeur, Ham. iv.
vii. 161, Yen. 916 renom'd sores.
2 venomous K3 i. ii. 20 creeping renom'd thinf/, Tim.
IV. iii. 183 ; fig. Troil. v. iii. 47 v-'d renycance.
venomous: fig. injurious, pernicious Truil. iv. ii.
12* V. wiijhis. Cor. iv. i. 23 Thy tearsare . . . e. to
thine eyes. Tit. v. iii. 13 venomous malice.
vent sb.' [? orig. a variant of ' lent ' = slit]
1 opening, aperture 2H4 Ind. 2 The v. of hearini/
( = the ear), Ti-oil. v. iii. 82 how thy wounds do bleed
at many v-s, Lucr. 310 Utile v-s and crannies, 1040.
2 emission, efl"usion Ant. v. ii. 350 a v. of blood ;
utterance (of words) Ven. 334 ; make v. of, talk
freely or copiously about All'sW. ii. iii. 212.
ventsb.2 [Fr. 'vent '=wind, scent]: scent; Cor. iv.
v. 239*/i(H o/i'., (?)full of excitement oractivity,
as a dog on a good scent.
vent vb.: to emit Tp. ii. ii. 115, Cym. i. ii. 5 ; csp.
to utter, e.g. Tp. I. ii. 280; to void, get rid of
Cor. I. i. 231 to vent Our musty superfluity.
ventage : vent-hole ; applied to the stops of a flute
Ham. III. ii. 380[373J.
ventricle: the v. of memory, that one of the three
divisions of the brain which was held to be the
seat of memory LLL. iv. ii. 70.
venture : concr. venturous person Cym. i. vi. 123.
venue: see venew.
verbal : (a) plain-spoken, (b) verbose, (c) playing
with words Cym. ii. iii. 111*.
verbatim : by word of mouth 1 H6 in. i. 13.
verge: compass R2 n. i. 102 ; circle R3 iv. i. 58 the
inclusirev. Of golden metal; (magic) circle 2H0 l.
iv. 25 within a hallow'd v, "^ In R2 n. i. 102 there
isallusion to the sense ' Compass, orextent of the
King's Court, formerly of twelve Miles extent,
within the Jurisdiction of the Lord High Steward
of the King's Household '.
verify :
1 to affirm, maintain Ado v. i. 228 they have verified
unjust things, H5 in. ii. 79, 1H6 i. ii. 32.
2 to speak the truth about (Malone), bear witness
to (J.) Cor. V. ii. 17* (many conj. e.g. mafjuifiedf,
(jhrified^).
verity : truthfulness AYL. in. iv. 23 his v. in lore,
Mac. IV. iii. 92 justice, verity, temperance.
versal (common Eliz.) : =universal Rom. it. iv.
221 the rersrd world.
versing: telling in verse MND. n. i. 67 v. lore.
very(«(«)ec.= very same John IV. i. 125, R3iii. ii. 49)
1 veritable, real, true, that is indeed so Ado iv. i.
188 Two of them have the very bent of honour. Ham.
II. ii. 49 Tlie very cause of HamUfs lunacij ; esp. iii
very friend Gent. ui. ii.41, Mer.V. ni. ii. 224, Rom.
in. i. 116 ;— Cym. iv. ii. 107 very Cloten ( = Clot6n
himself).
2 complete, thorough, perfect Tw.N. i. iii. 2bhe'sa
very fool, Troil. i. ii. 15 They say he is a very man
perse. [iij. ;;96, 0th. i. i. 88.
very adv. : quite, exactly, just Meas. jv. iii. 41, Lr. v.
vesper: evening Ant. iv. xii. [xiv.] 8.
vessel : freq. in the sense of (i) 'ship', less common
in the sense (ii) ' cask, &c., for holding liquids ' ;
both are used fig. (i) All'sW. ii. iii. 215 believing
thee a v. of too great a burden. Cor. iv. v. 68, (ii) 2H'4
IV. iv. 44, H5 IV. Chor. 3 When creeping murmur
and the poring dark Fills the wide v. of the unirerse,
Tim. II. ii. 187 If I would broach the v-s of my lore
(i.e. my friends) ; esp. applied to the human body
(i) Tim. V. i. 206 nature's fragile v.. Per. iv. iv. 30
A tempest, which his mortal v. tears, (ii) 0th. iv. ii.
%i to preserve this v. for my lord; hence = person
(ii) Wint. in. iii. 20 1 never saw a v. of like sorrow,
SofilVd, Coes. V. V. 13 Now is that noble v. full oj
grief; similarly tveaker i). =wcnnau LLL. i. i. 271,
Rom. I. i. 20.
vestal : sb. priestess of Vesta, vowed to chastity,
and having the charge of keeping alight the ves-
tal fire Ven. 752 ; transf. virgin MM), ji. i. 158 a
fair r. throned by the west (ref. to Queen Elizabeth) ;
kitchen v, (jocular), kitchen maid, ' lier cliarge
being, like the vestal virgins, to keep the fire
burning' (J.) Err. iv. iv. 77;— adj. Per. in. iv. 10
A V. lirery will I take me to (=1 will embrace the
life of a vestal) ; chaste Rom, ii. ii. 8, iii. iii. 38
pure and vesUd ■modesty.
vesture : applied to the human body Mer.V. v. i. 64
this muddy v. of decay, 0th. n. i. 64 in th' essential
V. of creation ( = 'the real qualities with which
creation has invested her ', J.).
vex (2 freq., as also the current mod. sense of
' irritate, annoy ')
1 to disturb, agitate (physically) Tp. i. ii. 229 (see
STILL adv. ^), Lr. iv. iv. 2 As mud as the vex'd sea.
2 to disturb, agitate (mentally) ; to afflict, harass,
torment Tw.N. in. iv. 232 it hath no tongue to vex:
you, John in. i. 17 my vex'd spirits, iv. 109 a twice
told tale. Vexing the dull car of a drowsy man, Caes.
I. ii. 39 Vexed , . . with 2)assions of some difference.
vexation (cf. vex) : agitation ; affliction, torment,
uneasiness, anguish MND. iv. i. 75 the fierce v. of
a dream, R3 iv. iv. 306 Your children were v. to
your youth, 0th. i. i. 72 changes of v., Lucr. 1779
The deep vexation of his inward so^tl.
vial (old edd. viall, violl, violle) : bottle or flask Rom.
IV. i. 93 ; spec, bottle such as those found in an-
cient Roman tombs, commonly supposed to have
been made to receive tears Ant. i. iii. 6'i the sacred
vials thou shouldst fill With sorrowful water.
vice sb.' (2 cf. Cotgr., ' Badiner ', to play the foole,
or Vice)
1 sinful act, offence, transgression Meas. ii. iv. 117
Yon . , . rather prov'd the sliding of your brother A
merriment than a vice, 0th. iv. i. 179 how he
laughed at his vice, iv. iii. 71 'tis a great price For
u small vice.
VICE
242
-VISITATION
2 (with capital V) = Iniquity Tw.N. iv. ii. 138, 2H4
III. ii. :i47 (see dagger 2) ; of. R3 ill. i. 82 tlie
formid Vice, Itiu/itilij ; transf. Ham. in. iv. 98 a
Vice of kings (-a buffoon of a king).
vice sb.- : screw Ado V. ii. 21 ijoxi must put in (he
pikes uith a vice ; instriunent for gripping things
tliat are being worked upon ; fig. grip 2H4 ii. i.
26 ini a' come but ivitltin my vice (,Q rieu').
vice vb.: to screw Wint. i. ii, 416 an inslnunent To
riff i/OH to't.
vicegerent : deputy LLL. i. i. 219 the icelkin's v.
vicious :
1 faulty, wrong 0th. iii. iii. 145 Thowjh I perchance
tun I.' in my f/iiess, Cjnn. V. V. 65 it had been v. To
have mistrusted Iter.
2 constituting a defect Ham. I. iv. 24 some vicioits
mole of nature.
victor : victorious Lr. v. iii. 134 thy v. sword (Ff
tictor-Sivord).
vie (orig. a term at cards ; of. To Vie, as they do at
cardes, 'Augere, Adniittere, Accipere Sponsi-
onem'. Rider's Diet. 1589.)
1 to stake ; fig. Shr. ii. i. 303 [311] kiss on kiss Slie
lied so fast (i.e. as if to outdo me).
2 to compete !('///! (another) in respect of (something)
Ant. V. ii. 98 nature irants stuff To vie slranye
forms with fancy, Per. III. i. 26 we. . . therein may
Vie honour with you, iv, Gower 33 so With the dove
of Paphos miijht the crow Vie feathers white.
view (1 freq. in the gen. sense of ' sight ' with sub-
jective and objective genitive, e.g. Gent. i. ii. 52
force the letter to my view, Ant. ll. ii. 173 to my
sister's view = to see my sister)
1 phr. at ample view, so as to be fully seen Tw.X. i.
i. 27 ; 0)1 more view, on closer inspection Roui. i.
ii. 32 ; from view o\ out of sight of Gym. iir. iii.
28; full of view*, liaving many opportunities of
observation Gym. in. iv. 150 : to the view, so as to
be seen by all, to the public view Ham. v. ii. 392,
Ant. v. ii. 210, Sonn. ex. 2 ; H8 I. i. 44//fae each
thinr/ view, showed everything to full advantage ;
in (the) view is freq.
2 look, glance Wiv. i. iii. 67, Troil. iv. v. 281 amo-
7-oiis view, Gompl. 26 ; inspection Tw.N. ii. ii. 20
7nade good view of me ( = examined me closelv),
Troil. III. iii. 242.
3 outward appearance Mer.V. in. ii. 131 You that
choose not by the vieir, Rom. i. i. 176.
Viewless: invisible Meas. iii. i. 122 i'. winds.
vigil: eve of a festival H5 iv. iii. 45.
vigitant: blunder for vigilant Ado iii. iii. 99.
vigoiir : power or efficacy (of a poison) Ham. i. v.
68, Gym. i. v. 21 ; fig. Meas. ii. ii. 184 the strum-
pet, With all her double vigour, art and nature.
vile (very often spelt vild, vil'd, vilde in old edd.)
1 low or mean in rank or condition Mer.V. ir. iv.
6, 2H4 I. ii. 19 in v. apparel, H5 iv. iii. 62, 2H6 iv.
i. l.'Mr Great men oft die by vile bezonians.
2 liaving a bad effect or induence, evil R3 in. ii. 62
'Tis a vile thing to die , , . When men are unpre-
pard, Gais. ir. i. 265 the vde contagion of the night,
Mac. III. i. 103 the v. blows and buffets of the world.
vilely (twice so spelt in old edd. 1H4 iii. iii, 1, 121 ;
elsewhere vildly, vildely).
villagery : villages collectively MND. ii. i. 35.
villain (most freq. in the mod. sense)
1 serf, bondman, servant AVL. i. i. 60 I am no v.
(witli play on the sense ' rascal "), Tit. iv. iii. 72
the empress" v., Lr. in. vii. 78, Lucr. 1338 The
homely villain curtsies to her low.
2 used without serious implication of bad qualities
(cf. ' rascal ', ' wretch '), esp. as a term of address,
e.g. Wiv. IV. v. 73 They are gone but to meet the
dnke,villain,En: n. i. 58; (hence) good-humouredly
or as a term of endearment Err. i. ii. 19 .1 trusty
v., Wint. r. ii. 137 siieet v. : applied to women
Tw.N. ir. V. 16, Troil. in. ii. 33 the prettiest v.
vindicative: vindictive Troil. iv. v. 107.
vinewed'st+, vinni(e)d'st : most mouldy Troil.
IF. i. 15 thou V. leaven (Fi whiiiid'st, Q vnsalted).
viol: six-stringed instrument played with a bow
R2 I. iii. 162, Per. i. i. 81.
viol-de-gamboys : for 'viol da ganiba' =base-
vioi. Tw.N. I. iii. 28.
violence : ' bold action ' (Rolfe) 0th. i. iii. 251 My
doirnright violence.
violent: to be violent Troil. iv. iv. 4 The grief . . .
violenteth in a sense as strong . . ,
viperous : venomous Cor. in, i. 285 The v. traitor,
Cym. in. iv. 41 This viperous slaneler.
virgin adj.: of a virgin Mer.V. in. ii. 56 The virgin
tribute (viz. Hesionc) paid by howling Troy To the
sea-monster ; of virginity MND. I. i. 80 my virgin
patent ( = my privilege of virginity).
virgin vb. : (with it) to play the virgin, be chaste
Cor. V. iii. 48.
virginal: virgin, maidenly 2H6 v, ii. 52 tears v.,
Cor. V. ii. 45, Per. iv. vi. 62.
virginalling: lit. playing on the virginals, a
keyed instrument of tlie harpsichord class; fig.
fingering Wint. i. ii. 126 Still v. Upon his palm .'.
virgin-knot: zone or girdle anciently worn by
maidens Tp. iv. i. 15.
virtue (2 cf. Latin ' virtus ' and Cor. ii. ii. 89 vedour
is the chief est virtue)
1 concr. use of the moral sense 2H4 ii. iv. 50 my
poor v., Tim. in. v. 7 a humble suitor to your v-s
(viz. the senate).
2 valour, bravery 1H4 ii. iv. 134, Cor, i, i. 42, Lr. v.
iii. 104 Trust to thy single v.; concr. Ant. iv, viii,
17 0 infinite virtue .'.
3 good quality or property, merit Ado ii. i. 120,
AYL. in. ii. 128 that's the right v, of the medlar,
1H4 III. i. 126.
4 good accomplishment Gent. in. i. 279 She can
milk ; . . . a sweet v. in a maid. Per. iv. vi. 200 /
can sing, weave, sew, . . , With other virtues.
6 power, efficacy (of a thing) Mer.V. v, i. 199 Tf you
had known the v. of the ring, AYL. v. iv. 109 much
V. in ' if\ John v. vii. 44 some v. in my tears, Sonn.
Ixxxi. 13 such virtue hath my pen.
6 (a person's) power 2H4 iv. i. 163 /){ very ample v.
'>/( = by the full authority of) his fattier, Mac. iv.
iii. 156 With this strange v., He liath a heavenly
gift of prophecy, 0th. i, iii, 321 it is not in my v. to
amend it.
7 essence, essential part Tp. i. ii. 27 Tlie very v. of
compassion, MND. iv. i. 175, Tim. in, v. S pity is
the virtue of the law.
virtuous (most freq. in the moral sense)
1 ofefficaciousorpowerfulpropertiesMND.nl. ii.
367 Whose liiiuor hath this v. property, 0th. in.
iv. 110 by your v. means ; (?) beneficial Meas. n,
ii. 168* (see season sb. 3).
2 essential 2H4 iv. v. 74* culling from every flower
The virtuous siceets.
virtuously: app. used affectedly = preciously, dear-
ly Tim. I. ii. 23,5. [Ixxxix. 32)
visit (2 cf ' visit their offences with the rod ' Psalm
1 to afflict with disease LLL. v. ii. 423 These lords
are v-ed (viz. with the plague), 1H4 iv. i. 26, Mae,
IV. iii. 150 strangely-visited people.
2 to punish (sins) Mer.V. in, v. 14, John ii. i, 179,
H5 IV. i. 188.
visitation (1 spec, applied to attacks of tlie plague,
cf. VISIT vb. 1 ; 2 the sb. ' visit ' is not S.)
1 affliction Tp. in. i. 32.
2 visiting, visit Wint. i. i. 7 to pay Bohemia the v.
VISITOR - 2^
winch he justly owes him, R3 in. vii. 100 Deferred
the V. of 1111/ friends, Tim. i. ii. 227, Ham. it. ii. 25.
Visitor: one who takes spiritual consolation to
others Tp. ii. i. 11.
visor, vizor : mask Ado ii. i. 102, Rom. i. Iv. 30.
vivest : see fives. [i. i. 39.
vizaments : for 'advisements' =deliberationsWiv.
vizard, visard: = visor Wiv. iv. iv. 72, Mac. iii.
ii. 34.
vizarded : masked Wiv. iv. vi. 40, Tioil. i. iii. 83.
vlouting'-stog' : see flouting-stock.
voice sb. (tlie usual medium of expressing one's
meaning, intention, or opinion ; hence the foil.
senses)
1 what one says, speech, words Wiv. i. iii. 49, i. iv.
163 let me have thy v. in my behalf ( = speak for me),
H5 V. ii. 93 Haply a woman's v. may do some r/ood.
Ham. I. ii. 45 loseijour voice ( = speak in vain).
2 utterance, expression of opinion 2H4 iv. i. 136 in
ageneral v., Tim. ii. ii. 214 in a joint and corporate
V. ; semi-concr. Tit, V. iii. 140 The common v. do
cry it shall be so.
3 general talk, rumour, report Tw.N. i. v. 281, H8
III. ii. 406 the v. is now Only about her coronation,
V. iii. 175 The common v., Caes. ii. i. 146 buy men's
voices.
4 judgement, opinion H8 ii. ii. 88, 94, Troil. i. iii.
187, Ham. v. ii. 263 Till . . . I have a v. and prece-
dent of peace ; public or general opinion, (hence)
reputation H5 ii. ii. 113 p<] hath got the v. in hell
for excellence, 0th. i. iii. 226 opinion , . . throws a
more safer voice on you.
5 vote, (hence) support, authority, approval MND.
I. i. 54 wanting your fathers v., H3 in. iv. 19 in the
duke's behalf I'll give my v., 28, H8 v. iii. SSagreed
. . . by all v-s, Cor. ll. iii. 223 of no more v. Than
dogs, Caes. iii. i. 177, 0th. i. ii. 13 ; often with ^(oc,
have.
0 plir. in my v., (i) in my name Meas. i. ii. 191, (ii)
as far as my opinion is concerned A YL. ii, iv, 88 ;
cf. Troil. II. iii. 150.
voice vb. (twice)
1 to acclaim Tim. iv. iii. 82 Is this the Athenian
minion, whom the world Voic'd so regardfnlly?,
2 to nominate Cor. ii. iii. 242.
void adj. : empty Caes. ii. iv. 37 a place more void,
void vb. [aphetic form of avoid, q.v.]
1 to emit Mer.V. I. iii. 118 v. your rheum, H5 ill.
V. 52 ; void up, vomit Tim. I. ii. 145.
2 to quit H5 rv. vii. 63 void the field, [i. 61.
voidingf-lobby: anteroom, waiting-room 2H6 iv.
volable: quick-witted LLL. iii. i. 69 (Qi ; Ff Q2
voluble),
Volquessen; Vexin, ancient territorial division
of France, John 11. i. 527.
volume : Cor. iii. iii. 33 yVill bear the knave by the v.
= wiU endure whole volumes of contemptuous
epithets.
voluntary : volunteer John 11. i. 67 Rash, incon-
siderate, fery voluntaries, Troil. 11. i. lOQ Ajax was
here the voluntary.
votaress (old edd. also volarisse, rotresse) : woman
that is under a vow MND. 11. i. 123, 163, Per. iv.
Gower4.
votarist : = votary Meas. i. iv. 5, Tim. iv. iii. 27.
votary : one who has taken a vow Gent. i. i. 52,
Sonn. cliv. 5.
vouch sb.: testimony, witness Meas. 11. iv. 157,
H8 I. i. 157, 0th. 11. i. 147.
vouch vb.: to bear witness 0th. I. iii. 263 V. with me,
heaven. ^ The common senses are (1) warrant,
answer for, (2) assert, maintain, where mod. idiom
prefers 'vouch for' (which is not S.).
voucher: person who is called upon to warrant a
I - "WAGGONER
tenant's title Ham. v. i. 112f/o?(W(! r-.?, 115;transf.
Cym. II. ii. 39.
vouchsafe (the prev.alent senses are ' deign, con-
descend ' and ' deign to grant ')
1 to allow (a person to do something) Err. v. i. 283
V. me speak a word ; witli infln. suppressed Ado
III. ii. 4 I'll bring you thither, . . . if you'll v. me.
2 to deign to accept .John in. i. 294, "H8 11. iii. 43?/
your back Cannot V. this burthen, Tim. i. i. 153 1'.
my labour, Caes. 11. i. 313.
vow-fellow : one under the same vow LLL. 11. i. 38.
"Vulcan : \'-'s badge, cuckold's horns Tit. 11. i. 89.
vulgar sb. :
1 common people LLL. i. ii. 52 the base v., Cies. 1. i.
74 ; pi. Wint. 11. i. 93 those That r-s give bold'st
titles ; common soldiers H5 iv. vii. 81 our vulgar.
2 ' vulgar tongue ', vernacular LLL. iv. i. 69, 70,
AYL. V. i. 54 abandon, — ivhich is in the vulgar,
leave.
vulgar adj. (the sense ' low, mean ' occurs)
1 of the common people, plebeian 2H4 i. iii. 90 the
V. heart. Cor. l. i. 221 Five tribunes to defend their
r. wisdoms, 11. i. 234 a v, station ( = among the
crowd), IV. vii. 21.
2 public Err. in. i. 100 A v, comment. Ant. ni. xi.
[xiii.] 119, Sonn. cxii. 2 vulgar scandal.
3 commonly known or experienced Tw.N. iii. i. 138
ft I'. ;«-oo/ ( = common experience). Ham. i. ii. 99
the most vulgar thing to sense.
4 common to all John it. i. 387 the v. air ; in an un-
favourable sense Ham. i. iii. 61 Be thou familiar,
but by no means vulgar.
yv
wafer-cake: as a, type of fragility H5 11. iii. 54
men's faiths are wafer-cakes.
waft (pa.t. and pa.pple. waft)
1 to convey by water John 11. i. 73, 2H6 iv. i. 116
/ must waft thee to thy death, 3H6 in. iii. 253.
2 to beckon Err. 11. ii. 113, Mer.V. v. i. 11, Tim. i.
i. 71, Ham. i. iv. 79 It wafts me still (Qq waves),
3 to turn away Wint. i. ii. 372 Wafting his eyes.
waftage: conveyance by water Err. rv. i. 96 to
hire waftage, Troil. in. li. 10.
wafture: wave Caes. 11. i. 246 w. of your hand.
wag: to go forward, go on one's way Wiv. i. iii. 7
let them wag ; trot, trot, &c.. Ado v. i. 16 Bidsorrow
wag, AYL. 11. vii. 23 how the world wags ; to go or
move about Tit. v, ii. 87 the empress never wags
But in her company there is a Moor.
wage (the foil, are all the S. uses)
1 to lay as a wager, to stake Ham. v. ii. 154 (Qq
wagered), Lr. i. i. 158, Cym. I. iv. 149.
2 to venture, hazard John i. i. 266, 1H4 iv. iv. 20
too weak To w. an instant trial, 0th. i. iii. 30, Ant.
III. vii. 31.
3 to carry on (war) Ant. in. iv. 3 ; also intr. Lr. n.
iv. 212 To wage against the enmity 0' the air.
4 to contend equally, be equal Ant. v. i. 31 His
taints and honours Wag'd equal with him (F2 way ;
mod. edd. weighf, weigh'ctf), Per. iv. ii. 34 the
commodity wages not with the danger.
5 to remunerate (as with wages) Cor. v. v. [vi.] 40
He wag'd me with his countenance.
waggish : frolicsome, roguish MND. i. i. 240 wag'
gish boys, Cym. in. iv. 160.
waggon: chariot, carriage AU'sW. iv. iv. 34,
Wint. IV. iii. [iv.] 118 Dis's waggon. Tit. V. ii. 51
Provide two proper palfreys . , . To hale thy venge-
ful waggon swift away.
waggoner: charioteer Tit. v. ii. 48, Rom. i. iv. 65.
WAGTAII. - ^
wag'tail: opprobrious term for a ' bobbing ', ' diuk-
ing ', or obsequious person Lr. ii. ii. 12.
waid 'uiiexpliiinedj : Shr. iii. ii. 57 [a liorse] mtui
in the buck (Ff; moil. edd. iceiyludf, swayaif).
wail : (of tlie eyes) to weep Lucr. 1508.
wainrope : cart-rope Tw.N. iii. ii. 07.
waist:
1 girdle Meas. iii. ii. 42 His neck will come to ijour
w. ( = lie will be banged), Jobn ii. i. 217, IHO iv.
iii. 20 ijirdlal with a liuid of iron.
2 pirtofasbip between tlie mainmast and foremast
Tp. I. ii. 197.
wait (the prevalent use is wait on = be at the service
o(, follow, accompany)
1 to remain expecting (sonietliing), await LLL. v.
ii. (j:} AhiI wnit the season, and ob^erie the tunes,
John IV. iii. 152, Per. I. i. ob I w. the sharpest blow.
2 to be in attendance 1H4; i. ii. 78 waUing in the
court, Rom. i. iii. \Q'i I must heme to watt.
waiting'-woman : Diana's waitiny-women, the stars
Troll. V. ii. 88.
wakesb.: feast of the dedication (or title) of acluircb
and the merrymaking connected witli it LLL. v.
ii. :iHt At w-s and wtusads, Wint. iv. ii. [iii.] 110,
Lr. lu. vi. 77 wakes and fairs.
wake vb.:
1 tig. to arouse, excite Ado v. 1. 102 w. your pa-
tience, Mac. III. vi. 31, R2 I. iii. 132, 0th. i. iii. 30,
III. iii. 064 mij wak'd wrath, Lucr. 759.
2 to ' turn night into day ' with revelling Ham. i.
iv. 8 doth w. . . . and talccs his rouse, Sonn. Ixi. 13.
walk sb. (obsolete senses)
1 pi. (a person's) way or course MXD. iii. i. 172 Hop
in his walks, and gambol iti his eyes, v. i. 31 inijour
royal walks. Tit. ir. iv. 8 let's leave hir to tier silent
valks, Sonn. Ixxxix. 9 / loill . . . Be absent from
thy walks.
2 tract of garden, park, or forest Wiv. v. v. 29, 2H<>
II. ii. Sin this close walk (viz. the Duke of York's
garden), 3H6 v. ii. 24 3Iy parks, my tcalks. Tit. 11.
i. 114 Tlic forest walks, Cses. i. ii. 154 her wide walks
(app. the gardens round Rome ; mod. edd. walls^),
III. ii. 252.
walk vb.: (1 also walk aside Ado in. ii. 73)
1 to go aside, withdraw Wint. i. ii. 172, Lr. iv. vii.
82 iVill't please your highness walk?, Otli. iv. iii.
4, Cym. I. i. 176.
2 w. about, promenade witli a partner at a masque-
rade Ado II. i. 90, Rom. i.v. 21 ; transf. applied to
taking part in a fencing-bout Rom. iii. i. 80.
wall-eyed : iiaving the iris of theej'e discoloured,
which gives a look of fierceness, (lience) glaring,
herce-looking Jolin iv. iii. 49 w. wrath or stariny
rage. Tit. v. i. 44 tmll-ey'd slave.
wall-newt: lizard Lr. iir. iv. 133.
wan: to turn pale Ham. 11. ii. 588 [580] all his visage
nniiii'd iClq loand, ¥i ivarm'd).
wanderingf : w. knight, knight errant MXD. i. ii.
48 ; w. star, planet Ham. v. i. 278.
wan'dt : withered Ant. 11. i. 21 soften thy ican'd lip
{Fi wand, wliicli is perhaps wanned, paled).
wan'njion: with a w., witli a vengeance Per. 11. i.
17. ^ Of obscure origin.
want: (1 the commonest S. sense ; 3 ef. less^j)
1 to be without, lack Tji. iii. iii. 38 they ivant the
iiseoftongtie, John iv. 1. 'd'dthe utterance of a brace
of tongues. Viist needs want pleading for a pair of eyes
(=be insufficient to plead), R3 v. iii. 13, Cor. i. iii.
90 'Tis not . . . that I want love, Lucr. 389 to want
(=at missing), Sonn. x.xiv. IS eyes this cunning
vHint to (jrace their art ; also intr, with o/Rom. 11.
ii. 78 wanting of thy love.
2 to be lacking, =lack 1 Gent. i. ii. 92 There want-
eth hut a mean to Jill your somj, LLL. iv. iii. 237
I ~ 'WARXr
\Miere nothing wants that want itself doth seek, Lr.
IV. vi. 270 if your will want not.
3 with a negative, used in a sense the reverse of
wliat is intended Mac. in. vi. 8 Who cannot want
the thought . . .? (= Who can help tliinking. . .?).
wanton sb. :
1 person of unrestrained, sportive, or roguish be-
liaviour, trifler Wiv. 11. ii. 59 your ivorship'sa w.,
MND. II. i. 63 Tarry, rash w., Rom. i. iv. 35 w-s,
light of heart ; phr. play the w-s, dally, trifle R2
III. iii. 164.
2 spoilt or pampered cliild, effeminate person John
V. i. 70 .1 cocker'd silken w., R2 v. iii. 10, Ham. v.
ii. 313, Cym. iv. ii. 8 not so citizen a w. as To seem
to die ere sick.
wanton ailj. ('lascivious' the most freq. sense)
1 unrestrained, sportive, frolicsome LLL. iv. iii.
104 the w. air, v. ii. 76'J All to. as a child, Mer.V.
V. i. 71 a wild and w. herd, H8 iii. ii. 360 little w.
boys. Ham. 11. i. 22 wanton, wild, and usual slips.
2 capricious, frivolous 1H4 v. i. 50 the injuries of a
w. time, 2H4 iv. i. 191 every idle, nice, atid mtnton
reason.
3 luxuriant MND. 11. i. 9'd the quaint mazes in the 10,
gran, R2 i. iii. 2H four u\ springs, Rom. 11. v. 72
Now comes the w. blood up m your cheeks, Mac. I.
iv. 34* my plenteous joys \ianlon in fulness.
4 luxurious, effeminate 1H4 iii. i. 214 ^Ae 10. rushes
[strewn on the floor], 2H4 i. i. 148 a guard too w.
for the head Which pri)ices . . ,
wantonly : sportively Sonn. liv. 7.
wantonness : playful or frolicsome beliaviour,
sportiveness John iv. i. 16 as sad as night, Only
for w., 1H4 V. ii. 68 ; (?) wanton self-satisfaction
Troil. III. iii. 137*.
wappen'd (S.): (?) stale Tim. iv. iii. 38 That makes
the w. widow wed again (Singer wapper'd\, a dial.
word for ' fatigued, tired ').
ward sb. (4 tlie commonest sense in S.)
1 guard, protection LLL. iii. i. 139.
2 in II'., in the positionof a ward, under (a person's)
guardianship All's W. i. i. 6.
3 go to ward, be placed in custody 2H6 v. i. 112.
4 guard in fencing, posture of defence Tp. 1. ii, 468
come from thy ward, 1H4 ii. iv. 219 ; fig. Wiv. ir.
ii. 262 drive her then from the icard of her purity,
Troil. I. ii. 286.
5 bar, bolt Tim. iti. iii. 38 Doors, that were ne'er ac-
eiuainted with their wards, Lucr. 303 The locks . . .
Each one . . . retires his ward.
6 cell in a prison Meas. iv. iii. 69, Ham. 11. ii, 256
in which [prison] there are many confines, wards,
and dungeons ; fig. Meas. v. i. 10, Sonn. xlviii. 4.
7 ' a portion of the City committed to the especial!
cliarge of one of the 24 Aldermen of the city '
(Cowell's Interpreter) Meas. 11. i. 288, lH4iii.iii.
129. [194.
ward vb.: to guard, protect K3 v. iii. 255, Tit. in. i.
warden : 'a large sort of delicious baking pear'
(Bailey) Wint. iv. ii. [iii.] 49.
warder : staff or mace held by one presiding over
a combat R2 i. iii. 118 the king hath thrown his w.
down (i.e. to stop the flglif), 2H4 iv. i. 125.
ware adj.: aware (0/) AYL. 11. iv. 57 Thou speakest
iriser than thou art ware of, Rom. i. i. 130, 11. ii.
103 ; in AYL. 11. iv. 59 the meaning ' cautious '
is played upon.
ware vb.: beware of LLL. v. ii. 43, Ti-oil. v. vii. 12.
warm : well off, comfortable 1H4 iv. ii. 19*. % Cf.
' Warm ', well-lined or flush in tlie Pocket (Diet.
of Canting Crew).
warn (1 cf. warrant vb. 2, of wliich ' warn ' is a
widespread dial, pronunciation)
1 God warn us .' = God keep us !, Mercy on us ! MND.
WABP-
245
- WATER
V. i. 328 (old edd. warnd, mod. edd. warrant^),
AYL. IV. i. 79.
2 to summon John ir. i. 201 Who is it that hath
nara'd us to the walls f, K3 I. iii. 39 to warn them
to his royal presence, Cks. V. i. 5.
warp (I here belongs app. AYL. ir. vii. 187 Though
thou tlie waters warp, viz. by freezing or ruffling
tlieni)
1 to change the aspect of, distort All'sW. v. iii. 49
his scornful perspective . . . Which tcarp'd the line
of every other favour ; also intr. Wint. i. ii. 3(35
Jly favour here begins to warp.
2 to deviate Meas. i. i. 14 our commission, From
which we would not have you warp.
warped: perverse, malignant, = crooked 2, Meas.
III. i. 140, Lr. III. vi. 50.
war-proof [see troof 4] : valour proved in war
H5 111. i. 18.
warrant sb. (tlio legal senses colour the use of the
word to a large extent)
1 deed by which a pei-son anthorizes another to do
something in his name Wiv. i. i. 10.
2 allowance, justification Wiv. iv. li. 224, Mac. ir.
iii. 152 there 's w. in that theft, Ham, ir. i. 38 of w.
( = warranted, allowed), 0th. i. ii. 79 oiU of w.
( = not allowed), Per. iv. ii. 142 with icarrant.
warrant vb. (2 cf. warn 1)
1 to give (a pei-son) security Meas. iv. ii. 179 By the
vowof mine order I w. you, En: iv. iv. 'i III give thee
. , . so much money. To w. thee, as I am rested for.
2 to defend, keep MNU. v. i. 328 God warranty vs
(old edd. warnd), AYL. ill. iii. 5 Lord w. tis I.
3 to justify, defend Troil. n. ii. 90.
warranted: justified Mac. iv. iii. 137 our w.
quarrel ; requiring a warrant or guarantee Meas.
III. ii. 165 upon a warranted need.
warrantise : [Sonn. cl. 7.
1 surety, guarantee IHG i. iii. 13 I'll be your w.,
2 = WARRANTY Ham. V. i. 249 as far entarg'd As we
have warrantise (Fi -i'.v).
warranty: anthorization, permission Mer.V. i. i.
133, Ham. v. i. 249 (Fi warranlis), 0th. v. ii, 00
with such general warranty of heaven.
warren : 'a Franchise or privileged Pljice by Pre-
scrii'tion or Grant to keep Beasts and Fowl of
Warren, as Conies, Hares, Partridges, and
Plieasants ' (Bailey) Ado ii. i. 224 as melancholy
as a lodge in a warren.
warrener : keeper of a warren Wiv. i, iv. 28.
warrior: used pl.ayfully in ref. to Desdemona hav-
ing followed Othello to the wars Otli. ii. i. 185 ;
prob. alluded to in iii. iv. 150 unhandsome w.,
whicli J. glosses ' unfair assailant '.
wash sb.: Xeptune's salt w., the sea Ham.lii.ii.lC8.
wash vb.: wash oneself of, get rid of Wiv. iii. iii.
167 / would I could wash myself of the buck! (pun
on BUCK-WASHING) ; wash one's brain (Eliz. plir.),
drink copiously Ant. ii. vii. 100.
wash'd: bat lied in tears Lr. i. i. 271 wash' d eyes.
Washford: AVexford 1H6 iv. vii. 63.
washing ppl. adj.: = SWASHING (q.v.) Rom. i. i. 69
thy w. blow. TJ Nashe uses this expression.
waspish-headed: hot-headed, fieiy Tp. iv. i. 99.
wasp-stung': irritable (as if stung by a wasp) 1H4
1. iii. 236 a w. and impatient fool (Qi ; the rest
wasp-tongue, -longu'd).
wassail: carousal, revelry LLL. v. ii. 319, 2H4 r.
ii. 181 w. candle ( = candle lighted up at a feast),
Mac. I. vii. 64, Ham. i. iv. 9.
waste sb. (in K2 ii. i. 103 a ref. to the legal sense
' destruction of houses, woods, lands, &c., done
bv the tenant to the prejudice of the heir' ; 2 is
also perhaps a legal metaphor)
1 wasting, squandering, devastation (often in phr.
make w.) Mer.V. i. i, 158, H5 i, ii. 28, iii. iii. 18,
Lr. II. i. 102 the tcaste and spoil of idl revenues.
2 spoliation Wiv. rv. ii. 230.
3 concr. that which is laid waste or destroyed R2
II. i. 103 The w. [made by the flatterers] is no whit
lesser than thy land, Sonn. xii. 10 the wastes of
time ( = things devastated by Time).
4 = VASTsb. 1, Ham. i. ii. 198 the dead w. and middle
ofthenighKVi Qqj-i wasl{e ; Quas^, Maloneari/.v/).
waste adj.: empty Sonn. Ixxvii. 10 (see blank 3).
waste vij. (see also wasted)
1 tospend(time, money, &c.), consume (food) AY^L.
II. vii. 134 we will nothing w. ( = eat), K2 ii. i. 253,
2H4 IV. i. 215 hath w-d all his rods On late offcnikrs,
Ven. 583 this night I'll waste in sorrow.
2 to make as if non-existent Per. iv. iv, 1 Thus time
we waste.
wasted : consumed by fire MND. v. ii. 5 [i. .382] the
w. brands ; (of time) past 0th. i. iii. 84 Till now
some nine moons w., Sonn. cvi. 1 the chronicle of
icasted time.
wasteful : devastating, consuming, destructive
AY'^L. III. ii. 344 w. learning, H5 iii. i, 14 w. ocean,
Sonn. Iv. 5 wasteful tear.
Wat : name for the liare Ven. 097,
watch sb. :
1 condition of being awake Cym. iii. iv. i3 in watch
(=awake) ; keeps watch, is awake H5 iv. i. 303,
Rom. II. iii. 35 ; state of sleeplessness Ham. ii.
ii. 148 then into a fast. Thence to a watch.
2 timepiece, clock LLL. iir. i. 202 [194] A woman,
that is like a German clock, . . . never going aright,
being a w. , R2 v. v. 52 m ine eyes, the outward watch,
Pilgr. xiv. 14 [194] Jly heart doth charge the tcatch
( = accuse it of not going quick enough).
3 sentinel's and watchman s cry Mac. ii. i. 54* the
wolf, WItose howl's his watch. ^ The meaning in
the foil, passages is doubtful : — R2 v. v. 52^ jar
Their to-es oij = indicate, as by the ticking of a
clock, the intervals of time as one succeeds an-
other ; but Schmidt makes «'-f4'= marks of the
minutes on the dial-plate ; in R3 v. iii. 63* Give
me a w. (?)= watch-light, or candle divided into
sections which burn through in a definite time ;
but perhaps = sentinel ; Lucr. 928* Mis-shapen
Time . . . Base watch ofwocs= ' divided and marked
only by woes " (Schmidt).
watch vb. (1 the commonest sense)
1 to be or lie awake, have no sleep, sit up at night
LLL. III. i. 210 [202] to sigh for her ! to w. for her .',
Shr. IV. i. 208, Lr. ii. ii. 162, Lucr. 1575 they that
w. see time how slow it creeps ; to remain awake for
a specified purpose John iv. i. 30, Miic. v. i. 1.
2 to keep (a hawk) awake in order to tame her (also
fig.) Shr. IV. i. 198, Troil. in. ii. 43, 0th. in. iii. 23
I'll watch him tame.
3 to wait or look out for 2H6 ii. iv. 7 To w. the coming
of mi) punish'd duchess ; also intr. with/o>- Mer.V.
II. VI. 24.
4 to catch in an act Wiv. v. v. 109, 2H6 1. iv. 45, 58.
watch-case: sentry-box 2H4 in. i. 17.
watcher : one who remains awake Gent. ii. iv. 136,
Mac. II. ii. 72.
watchful (John iv. i. 46* the w. minutes to the hour
= the minutes that watch tlieprogressof the liour)
1 marked by or causing loss of sleep Gent. i. f. 31
w. . . . nights, 2H4 iv. v. 24, Ca?s. ll. i. 98 w. cares.
2 used in keeping watch H5 iv. Chor. 23 w. fires.
water (freq. = tears, e.g. 1H4 in. i. 95, Cor. v. ii. 77,
0th. IV. ii. 103)
1 phr. raise the w-s, call foith tears Mer.V. ii. ii. 52 i
for all w-s, ready for anything Tw.N. IV. ii. 69.
2 lustre of a diamond Tim. i. i. 18 'Tis a good form,
—And rich : here is a water, Per. iii. ii."l02.
17
WATER-riiV —
246
- WEEPING-RIFB
water-fly : fly that hovers over water Ant. v. ii. 59 ;
tig. vaia or busily idle person Troil. v. i. 38, Ham.
V. ii. 84.
water-gall: secondary rainbow Lucr. 1588 These
uuttey-yalls in her dim element.
watering : drinking 1H4 ii. iv. 17 breathe in your
waterimj ( = take breath when you drink).
waterish : well-watered, abounding in i-ivers Lr. i.
i. 261 w. Burgundy (with play on the sense 'poor,
thin ' exeniplifled in 0th. iii. iii. 15 tv. diet).
water-rat : Mor.V. i. iii. 23 there he land-ruts and
water-rats, land-thieves and water-thieves, — Intian
pirates ; cf. the use of ' rat ' = pirate in the 17th
cent.
water-rug: (?) shaggy water-dog Mac. in. i. 94.
t^ater-standing : flooded with tears 3H0 v. vi. 40
UH orplian's imter-standing eye.
water-work: water-colour painting 2H4 ii. i. 162
the German hunting in water-work,
watery :
1 epithet of the moon as controlling the tides MND.
11. i. 162, R3 11. ii. 69.
2 ' watering ', desirous Troil. in. ii. 20 the tv. palate.
waulingt : see woollen.
wave : to waver Cor. ii. ii. 19.
wawl [cf. ' caterwaul '] : to wail Lr. iv. vi. 185 (Ff
WKwle, Qi H'ayle, Qq23 waile).
wax sb.: with pun on wax vb. 2H4 i. ii. 182 ; Rom.
1. iii. 76' a man of wax, like a model in wax for
beauty; Tim. i. i. 48* In a tvide sea o/ wax (not
satisfactorily explained ; many conj.).
wax vb. (pa.pple. waxed, waxen ; 2 freq.)
1 to grow, increase LLL. v. ii. 10 (witii quibble on
wax sb.), Coi'. 11. ii. 104 he tvaxed like a sea, Tit, in.
i. 96 the waxing tide, Ham. i. iii. 12.
2 to become (so-and-so) H5 v. i. 89, Ham. i. iv. 87.
waxen adj.: fig. uses : — easily impressed Tw.X. ii.
ii. 31 icoiiien's tv. hearts, Lucr. 1240 women [have]
«'. minds ; easily effaced H5 1. ii. 233 "^ a iv. epitaph ;
easily penetrable R2 i. iii. 75 Mowbray's w. coat,
waxen vb.: to increase MNU. ii. i. 56.
way (senses 3 and 4 are rare)
1 passage, course Err. iv. iii. 92 Belike his wife . . .
sitnt the doors against his way ; chiefly in phr. hold
or keep one's way Wiv. in. ii. 1, H8 n. iv. 126 pray
you, keep your way. Ant. iii. vi. 85 let determin d
things to destiny Hold unbewail'd tlieir way.
2 freedom of action, scope ; phr. have way, give way
Meas. V. i. 233 Let me have way , . . To find this
practice out, 2H4 v. ii. 82 / gave hold way to my
authority, Lr. ll. iv. 301 'Tis best to give him way ;
hence ^ice ivay {to) =humour, favour H8 in. ii. 16
the time Gives way to us,_ Per. iv. vi. 20, v. i. 232.
3 ' way of thinking ', belief H8 v. i. 28 you're a gen-
tleman Of mine oicn way.
4 (pregnantly) best course R3 i. i. 78.
6 adverbial phr. -.—any way, inany degree orrespect
Err. 111. ii. 154 if the wind blow any icay from
shore, H8 in. i. 55 Nor to betray you any way to
sorrow •,—out of the way, (i) beside the mark
LLL. IV. iii. 76, 0th. i. iii. 366 ; (ii) gone astray
0th. in. iv. 81 Is't lost? is't gone ? speak, is it out
o' the way 7— that way, (i) in that respect Wiv.
I. iv. 15 he is something peevish that way ; (ii) by
reason of that Oym. i. i. 137 ;—this way, (i) in re-
spect of this H8 11. ii. 69 our breach of duty this
>my ; (ii) by acting thus Cym. iv. iv. 4.
ways : old genitive of ' way ' used in adverbial ex-
pressions come your ways, go your ways ; and
(dial.) this jcays Wiv. n. ii.48, 52 come . . . this
ways, ^ Cf. German ' gcht Eures 'Weges ! '.
we: used, like /, for the objective 'us ' Cor. v. iii.
103 to poor irc. Ham. l. iv. 54 Making night hideous;
and wc fools of nature . . . to shake our disposition.
weak: foolish, stupid Tp. ii. ii. 156[148J, Ado in. i.
54, Rom. n. iv. 181.
weak-Mng'd : ill-balanced Wint. n. iii. 118 your
own weak-hing'd fancy.
weal (1 survives in weal and woe)
1 welfare John iv. ii. 65, 66, Tim. iv. iii. 161 the
general weal. Ham. in. iii. 14.
2 commonwealth 1H6 i. i. 177 public weal. Cor. ii.
iii. 189 the body of the weal, Mac. ill. iv. 76 Ere
human statnle jiurg'd the ginilt weal, Lr. I. iv. 233.
weal-balanced : adjusted with due regard to the
public welfare Meas. iv. iii. 108 (Rowe well-
balancedf).
wealsman : statesman Cor. ii. i. 60.
wealtli: welfare, prosperity Mer.V. v. i. 249, Ham.
IV. iv. 27. ^Cf. Prayer Book, 'Grant him in
health and wealth long to live '.
wean: fig. to turn away, alienate 3H6 iv. iv. 17 /
the rather wean me from despair (Ff ifain{e). Tit. I.
i. 211 / will restore to thie The people's hearts, and
wean them from themselves.
wear sb. : fashion Meas. in. ii. 81 it is not the tocar,
AYL. II. vii. 34 Molletfs the only wear. All's \V. i.
i. 223, Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 329.
wear vb. (freq. used where ' bear ' would now be
idiomatic ; Ado v. i. 82 yVin me and wear me, a
common Eliz. proverb ; see also worn)
1 to Weary, ' wear out ' AYL. n. iv. 38 Wearing thy
/((((etc (Ff 2-4 Wearying), All's W. V. i. 4 To wear
your fjinlle limbs in my affairs.
2 to be worn, be fashionable All'sW. i. i. 174 the
brooch and the toothpick, which wear not noiv.
3 to grow tu Tw.N. n. iv. 30 so wears she to him.
wearer: bearer, owner Mer.V. ii. ix. 43.
wearing: clothes Wint. iv. iii. [iv.]9 a swain's w.,
0th. IV. iii. 16 my nightly wearing,
weary : tiresome, irksome Meas. i. iv. 25 Not to be
w. with you. Ham. I. ii. 133, 0th. in. iv.l75 ; AYL.
II. vii. 73 ^ the w. very means, emended by Singer
to the wearer's f.
weather (2 nautical metaphor)
1 storm, tempest Tp. i. i. 42 louder than the w.,
Mer.V. u. ix. 29, Wint. v. ii. 134 extremity of w,
continuing, John iv. ii. 109, Cym. in. iii. 64.
2 -weather-gage; in phr. keeps the iv. of, is towind-
Avard of ; fig. has the advantage of Troil. v. iii. 26.
weather-bitten: weather-worn, weathered Wint.
V. ii. 61 a weather-bitten conduit. [i. 10.
weather-fend : to protect from the weather Tp. v.
weaver : ref. to as fond of singing Tw.N. u. iii. 63
« catch that will draw three soulsoui of one w., 1H4
II. iv. 149 1 would I were a w.; I could sing psalms
or anything.
wedded: nuptial Rom. i. v. 139 my w. bed (Fi ; Qq
ivedding).
weed ': dress, garment Lucr. 196 lore's modest snow-
white weid ; veiy freq. in pi. Gent. ii. vii. 42, Cor.
II. iii. 102, Ham. iv. vii. 80.
weed -: (?) ill-conditioned horse Meas. i. iii. 20 The
needful bits and curbs to headstrong weeds (Theo-
bald steeds t).
weed vb.: to uproot (lit. and fig.) Gent. in. ii. 49,
Meas. in. ii. 292 [284] Tu weed my vice and let his
grow, R2 ii. iii. 167 The caterpillars of the common-
weulth, WItich I havesiforn tow. a nd pluck away ,<J,oi\
IV. V. 108, 0th. I. iii. 327 set hyssojt and to. up thyme.
weeding: what is weeded oiit, weeds LLL. i. i. 96.
weedy: of plants Ham. iv. vii. 175.
week : in by the tvetk, trapped, caught LLL. v. ii.
61 ; too late a ireek, used like the phr. ' too late in
the day' AYL. n. iii. 74.
ween: to think, imagine 1H6 n. v. 88, H8 v. i. 136
Ween you of bitter luck. [i. iv. 172.
weeping-ripe: ready to weep LLL. v. ii. 275,3116
WEET
247
— WHAT
west (uiKc) : to know Aut. i. i. 39 / hind . . . the
world to wed We stand up peerlexs,
weigh (nu-e iu literal senses)
1 to consider, take into consideration Cies. ii. i.
108 Wei(iliiiii) tlie youtli/ul season of the year, Souii.
cxx. 8 To wciijh how once I snffer'd.
2 to estimate at a certain rate AU'sW. iii. iv. 82
her north That he does w. too Injht, H5 ll. iv. 43 to
weiijli lite entnttj more miyhty than he seems.
'.} (with negative) to attach no value to, esteem
lightly LLL. V. ii. 27 I'oa w. mo not. 0 .' that's
you care not /or me, H8 v. i. 125 my person ; which
I weigh not, Sonn. cviii. 10.
4 to be equivalent to, counterbalance LLL. v. ii.
26 / w. not you, and therefore liyht, H8 1, i. 11, Mac.
IV. iii.90(' compensated by other graces') ; to. out,
outweigh, compensate for H8 in. i.87; aliso intr.
with against, with 2H4 i. iii. 55, ii. ii. 196 (' as the
purpose is, so must bo the lolly '), Tim. i. i. 147.
5 to hang or balance evenly Tp. ii. i. 137 [130] ''
the Jair soul . . . ]Veigli'd between loathness and
obedience.
6 to be heavy with sadness All'sW. iii. v. 67 Her
heart weighs sadly.
7 to have a certain value Cor. ii. ii. 79 I loie them
as they weigh ( ; according to their worth).
weight: by inight, in weigJit, with weight, with full
measure, fully Meas. I. ii. 130 Make us pay down
foronrofftnceby w. The words of heaven, H5iii. \ i.
139 wliicit, in le. to reanswtr, liis pettiness would huw
under, Troil. v. ii. 105, Ham. iv. v. 155 thy mad-
ness shall be paid by weight i.Qq witli weight).
weighty: grievous Tim. iii. v. 104.
weird (only in Mac; onesyll. in ui.i.2; 2syll. in ii.
i. 20, IV. i. 136 ; oldedd. weyard, weyward) : having
to do with fate or destiny Mac. i. iii. 32 The w.
sisters, &c., iii. i. 2 the w. women. ^ The w. sisters,
taken from Uolinshed's Chronicle of Scotland, is
a Scottish expression, being used by tiawiu
Douglas for the Parcae or Fates.
welfare: health Mer.v. v. i. 114 our husbands' w.
(Qi health), Lucr. 263, Sonn. cxviii. 7.
welk'd: 'twisted, convolved' (Malone) Lr. iv. vi.
72 Horns w. and wav'd (Qq welkt, ivetk't, Ffia
neidk'd\. ^ Golding uses the word to translate
the Latin 'recurvus'.
welkin: sky Tp. i. ii. 4, John v. ii. 172, Tit. m. i.
211, Ven. 921 ; used ludicrously in Tw.N. in. i.
06 ; attrib. = lieavenly, or blue Wint. I. ii. 137
your welkin eye.
well sb.: spring of water Troil. v. x. 19, Compl.
255, Sonn. Music iii. 37 [Pilgr. 281] Clear wells
spring not.
well adj.: (of the dead) happy, at rest Wint. v. i.
30, Eom. v. i. 17, Ant. ii. v. 33 ; well to lice, well
to do, prosperous Mer.V. ii. ii. 55, Wint. in. iii.
125. •; 'Well-to-live' is now only Scottish in
this sense.
well-a-day : alas ! Rom. iii. ii. 37 Ah w.J he's dead;
as sb. woe, grief Per. iv. iv. 49 His daughter's woe
and heavy w. Tj Alteration of the earlier ' well-a-
way ' (in Chaucer ' weylawey ').
well-advised := ADVISED 1 LLL. v. ii. 435, John
ni. i. 5, Tit. rv. ii. 10 ; in one's right mind Err. ii.
ii. 217 mad or uell-cidvis'd.f.
well-a-near: an old north-country word = well-a-
DAY Per. III. Gower 51.
well-appointed: see APPOINT 2; well-balanc'df,
Meas. IV. iii. 108 (see weaf.-balanc'd) ; well-
beseeming, very fitting 1H4 r. i. 14, Tit. ir. iii.
66; well-breath'd% (a) well exercised or
trained, cf. breathe 2; (b) having a good wind
Ven. 678 thy w. horse ; well-derived, having
good antecedents All'sW. ui. ii. 90 a w. nature ;
well-desired, much sought after 0th. ii. i. 207 ;
well-enter'd, see enter vb. 4 ; well-favoured
[see FAVOUR 5J, good-looking, liandsomc, comely
tient. II. i. 56, Lr. ii. iv. 269.
well-found (1 cf. find 4)
1 well equipped or furnished (as a sliip, &c., with
stores) All'sW. ii. i. 105 In what he aid profess w.
2 fortunately met with Cor. ii. ii. 49* last general
In our wen-found successes.
well-given: well-dispused 2H6 iii. i. 72, Cics. i. ii.
196 a noble Uuimin, and w.; well-govern'd, of
gooil behaviour Koiu. i. v. 72 ; well-grac'd,
favourite, popular K2 v. ii. 24 a w. actor ; well-
liking, in ^ood condition, plump LLL. v. ii.
269 ; well-painted [see painted), well feigned
0th. IV. i. -68 w. passion ; well-respected, well
weighed or considered 1H4 iv. iii. 10.
well said! : well done ! that's right ! (froq). AYL.
II. vi. 14, 2H4 III. ii. 298, H8 i. iv. 30, Tit. iv. iii.
63 Xoiv, masters, dreew. [They shoot.] 01 well said,
Lucius .', 0th. n. i. 169, Ant. iv. iv.28 (/ae me that:
this way ; well said.
well-wish'd: 'accompanied by good wislies, be-
loved ' (Schmidt) Meas. ii. iv. 28.
Welsh hook : weapon, of which nothing certain ia
known 1114 ii. iv. 378.
wen: tumour, swelling (fig.) 2114 ii. ii. Ill this wen
(ref. to Falstatf).
wench: term of atfectionatc address to an inferior
Tp.i.ii. 139 [Prospero to Miranda] Will demanded,
«((ja7(,40U, 476, H8 in. i. 1 [tiucen Katherino to
one of lier womeiij Take thy luti, wi nth, Lucr. 1273
[Lucrece to her maidJA'/iOfc, ^tK//e wench, it smalt
aiails my mood.
wench-like: womanish Cym. iv. ii. 230.
westward ho!: ci-y of the Thames watermen
Tw.N. III. i. 148.
weyward: see weird.
wezand: windpipe Tp. iii. ii. 102.
wharf: bank (of a river) Ham. i. v. 33 on Lethe
iiharf. Ant. n. ii. 221.
what proii. and adj. (1, 7, 8 are all freq.)
A. Interrogative uses.
1 (in predicative use) Of wliat name?. Who ? Meas.
v. i. 468 one in the prison . . . I hate rcserc'd alue.
— ^yhat's he? — His name is Barnardtne, H5 iii.
vii. 120, Mac. v. vii. 2 What 's he That was not born
of woman (, 0th. i. i. 94 what are you i — My name
is Roderigo.
2 For wliat reason ?, Why ? 2H4 i. ii. 130 What tell
you me of it I, Cor. in. i. 315 1VV«(/ do ye talk !,
Tit. I. i. 189 What should I don this robe f , Ant.
V. ii. 315 What should I stay — .
3 in What a plague f, whaladtid . . .?, ic, a plague,
a devil, are adverbial Tw.N. i. iii. 1, 1H4 i. ii. 51,
IV. ii. 56.
4 How? Rom. I. V. 59 What dares the slave Come
hither i (Q5 What ?, Theobald What !).
5 What is the night I, What time of the night is it ?
Mac. III. iv. 126.
6 What though I, What docs it matter ?, No matter !
Wiv. I. i. 287, AYL. in. iii. 53 But what though f
Courage .', John i. i. 169, H5 11. i. 9.
B. Exclamatory uses.
7 expressing impatience and surprise ; but also
exultation and encouragement = Wliy 1, Come!
Slir. IV. i. Ill How now, Uramiol What, Orumio.',
R3 IV. iv. 321 What.' we have many goodly days
to see. Ant. iv. viii. 19 What, girl:.
8 usediiicallingtoorsummoningpcrsonsTp.lv. i.33
What, Ariel.', Wiv. in. iii. 1 What, John! what,
Robert!, Ant. 11. vii. 138 These drums! these
trumpets, flutes, what ! ; so what ho ! (very freq.),
Tp. I. ii. 313 What ho! slave! Caliban !.
WHATE'ER —
248
- WHILE
9 = What a . . . ! AVint. i. ii. 352 What case s/aud I
in?, CifiS. 1. iii. 42 Cassius, nitat niylU is this?,
Cym. IV. iv. 35, Yen. 445 0 ! what banquet ncrt
thou to the taste ?.
10 =What a thiug ! Mer.V. i. iii. 161 what these
- Christians are .. ..',Cym. iv. i. IQWhat mortality is.'.
C. Relative uses.
11 whatever, any (thing) whatever Tp. i. ii. 158 to
bear up Against uhat should ensue, Wint. i. ii. 44
I loce thee not n jar o' the clock behind What lady
she her lord, 3Hti iii. i. 51 and what else ; whoever
H8 II. i. 65 Be what they will, I . . .foryne 'an.
12 what tune, at tlie time when Tw.N. iv. iii. 30, 3H6
II. v. 3.
D. Idiomatic uses in which the orlg. construction is
obscured.
13 phr. / or I'll tell you what ; also wot you what, I
know what=Let me tell you R3 in. ii. 89, Rom. i.
V. 88.
14 what with . . . what with, partly by . . . and partly
by ; once without ' witli ' Troll, v. iii. 103 what
one thiny, what another.
whate'er : ellipt. = whatever it be Troil. iv. v. 77.
whatsoe'er: ellipt. r^wliatsoever it be, in any case
Shr. I. ii. 219.
wheel sb. (2 t'veq.; 3 in Warwiclishire, a clock that
goes fast is said to go on wheels)
1 spinning-wheel AYL. i. ii. 36 Mock the good house-
wife Fortune from her wheel (withref. to sense 2),
Ham. IV. V. 171 how the wheel becomes it (viz. as
an accompaniment to the song).
2 as the emblem ot Fortune Lr. v. iii. 176 The w. is
come full circle.
3 go on wheels, pursue a course of ease and self-in-
dulgence Ant. II. vii. 100 That it [sell, the world]
might go on w-s ; similarly set the world on wheels
Gent. III. i. 320.
4 turn i" the w., do the office of a turn-spit, as cer-
tain dogs were formerly made to do by treading
a wheel Err. in. ii. 152.
wheel vb.:
1 to turn round R3 iv. iv. 105 Thus hath the course
of justice whit I'd about (Fiwhirl'd). [vii. 2.
2 to make a circuit Cor. i. vi. 19 ; to roam Troil. v.
wheeling^ : wandering about 0th. i. i. 137.
Wheeson : Whitsun 2H4 ii. i. 99 (Q; Ff Whitson).
^ ' W^ijissun ' is a north-country and midland
form.
whelk: pimple H5 iir. vi. 111.
whelk'dt : in some mod. cdd. for welk.'d.
when (1 for phr. when ? can you tell ?, see tell)
1 as an exclamation of impatience Tp. i. ii. 316
Come, thou tortoise ! when ?, R2 i. i. 162, Ctes. ii.
i. 5 'When, Lucius, when! Awake, I say.'.
2 after seldom-i[ia,t Meas. iv. ii. 89 seldom whin
( -rarelj;) The steeled gaoler is the friend of men,
2H4 IV. iv. 79 Tis seldom when . . .
when as : when Err. iv. iv. 139, 3H6 i. ii. 74, &c..
Tit. IV. iv. 91, Cym. v. iv. 138, Yen. 999, fcionn.
xlix. 3.
whence : from the place where All'sW. in. ii. 124
come thou home . . . W. honour but of danger wins
a scar, Mac. i. ii. 25 As whence the sun yins his
reflection . . . So from that spring . . . ; also/ro(;4
w. in the same sense Tit. i. i. 68 ;« returned From
w. . . . (Q'j From where), Tim. i. i. 22.
whe'r (old cdd. also where) : contracted form of
WHETHER Tp. V. i. Ill, John I. i. 75, Goes. i. i. 65,
Yen. 304 .1 nd w. he run or fly they know not whether,
Sonn. lis. 11 Whether , . . or whe'r (Q ivhere).
where (freq. inlook where, lo where, see u'here, phrases
directing attention to some action, without em-
pliasis on locality)
1 in which condition or action Tw.N. v. i. 90 /. . .
Drew todifendhim, . . . Where being apprehended;
in a case in which, in circumstances in which,
Gent. I. i. 29 To be in love, where scorn is bought
with groans, Troil. iv. i v. 33 ; (hence = ) when Tp. v.
i. 236, C«s. I. ii. 59 I have heard, Where many . , .
Have ivish'd . . ,
2 whereas LLL. ii. i. 103 his ignorance were tvise, W.
now his knowledge must prove ignorance, 1H6 v. v.
47, Cor. I. i. 106, Lucr. 792. [ii. 33.
3 where you are, what you are driving at AYL. v.
whereatoout : on what errand or purpose 1H4 ii.
iii. 109 question me Whither I go, nor reason W, ;—
sb. wiiat one is about Mac. ii. i. 58.
whereagainst : against which Cor. iv. v. 113.
whereas : wliere 2H6 i. ii. 68 unto Saint Albeni's,
W. the king and queen do mean to hawk, Per. I. iv.
70, Pilgr. vi. 13 [83],
wherefore :
1 to what end ? E2 ii. iii. 122. [are met.
2 for which H5 v. ii. 1 Peace to this meeting, w. we
wherein :
1 ill whatclothes? AYL.iu.ii.235 Wherein went he?.
2 in that in which, in whatever, (hence = ) though
MND. III. ii. 179 W. it doth impair the seeing sense.
It pays the hearing double recompense, "Wint. I. i. 9
IK our entertainment shall shame us we tctll be justi-
fied in our loves.
whereof: wherewith AU'sAV.i. iii. 2'il the desperate
languish ings w. The king is render'dlost, Tim. iv. iii.
195 Wliereof ingrateful man . . . greases his pure
Mind.
whereuntil : to what LLL. v. ii. 493 tve know w. it
dolh amount, 600.
whereupon: on what, on what grounds, for what
reason John iv. ii. 65, 1H4 iv. iii. 42 to know The
nature of your griefs, and w. You conjure . . .
whet: to incite, instigate John iii. iv. 181 / tctll w.
on the king, Cxs. ii. i. 61 Cassius first did whet me
(ttjainst Casar.
whether (freq. scanned as one syll., cf. whe'r) :
which of the two Al^s^Y. iv. v. 23 IV. dost thou
profiss thysilf, a knave, or a fool?. Yen. 304 ivlie'r
he run or fly liny know not w. ; hence, introducing
the first of alternative questions AYiv. in. ii. 3,
John I. i. 134 IV^ hadst thou rather be a Faulcon-
bridge . . . Or the reputed sun of Cccur-de-Lion ;
occas. or w. (i) introduces the second question
Mer.V. III. ii. li.1 Move these eyes? Orw. . . . Seem
they in Motion ? ; (ii) introduces the first question
Cor. I. iii. 69 or w. his fall enraged him, or how
'ttcas, Sonn. cxiv. 1 Orw. doth my mind . . . Orw.
shall I stiy . . . ?.
whey-face : pale-face Mac. v. iii. 17.
which relative prou. :
1 refers freq. to persons = who, whom, e.g. Tp. I.
ii. 32, 1H4 III. 1. 46, Mac. v. i. 65, Lucr. 1392 ;
the which is very common, e.g. Ado n. i. 30, v. i.
159, H5 IV. viii. 90, Cues. in. i. 295, Yen. 683.
2 =that which Wint. in. ii. 61 More than Mistress
of Which comes to me in name of fault.
3 (correlative to such) = us Wint. i. i. 26 there rooted
. . . sucli a>i affection which cannot choose but branch
now, IV. iii. [iv.] 786.
whiffler: officer who clears the way for a proces-
sion H5 v. Chor. 12 the deep-moutlid sea. Which,
like a mighty w. 'fore the king. Seems to prepare
his way.
while sb. : the while in exclamations - (at) the present
time Mer.Y. ii. i. 31 alas the iv..', John iv. ii. 100
bad world the w. .', R3ni. vi. 10 Here's a good world
the lohile !.
while prep, and conj. : till R2 1. iii. 122 let the trum-
pets sound W. tve return these dukes what wedecree,
Mac. in. i. 44 while then, O'od be ivilh you .'.
WHII.EERE -
249
- WIDOW
while-ere : a little while ago, erewliile Tp. iii. ii.
l:iO Will ijou troll the cn/ch i'ou tnuijht me but ir. K
whiles: till Tw.N. iv. iii. 29 He sli<'(ll conceal it W.
ijOH are n'illnu/ it shall come to note.
whinid'st : spelling of superlative of ' vinnii'e)il ',
by-forni of ' vinewed ', ' finewed ' = moulJy Troil.
ir. i. 15 (see vine\ved'st+).
whip : intr. and reti. to move quickly Ado i. iii. 63
I iiliipt (Q uliipt me) behind the arms, LLL. v. ii. 310
Whip to your tents.
whipping'-cheer : 'banquet' of laslies with the
whip 2H4 V. iv. 5. Tj Cf. running banquet.
whipster : contemptible fellow 0th. v. ii. 242
enry puny whipster.
whirlig'ig' : whipping-top ; fig. Tw.N. v. i. 389 thus
the w. of time brings in his revenges ; old edd. have
only the old forms uhirl(e)gigg{e.
whirling': impetuous, violent Ham. i. v. 133 w.
nords CQi wherling, Q2 nhurUng ; t'f hurling).
whissing: old form of 'wheezing' Troil. v. i. 24 (Q).
whist: silent Tp. i. ii. 378 The wild wares wliisl .'.
whistle sb. : Lr. iv. ii. 29 / have been worth the w. -
Once I was worthy of some notice ; ref. to proverb
'It is a poor dog that is not worth the whistling.'
whistle vb.: phr. 2H4 iii. ii. 345 tunes . . . that he
heard the carmen u: (ref. to a popular Eliz. tune
named 'The Carman's Whistle'j ; Wint. iv. iii.
[iv.] 716 lit the law go whistle ( = ^0 hang) ; whistle
off, (in falconry) to send (a hawk) from the fist
0th. III. iii. 262 if I do prove her haggard . . . I'd w.
her offand let her down the windCi.e. so tha.t she mny
not return) To prey at fortune ; fig. Wint. iv. iii.
[iv.] 247 to whistle off these secrets.
white sb. (in 0th. ir. i. 1.33 with pun on wight)
1 = BLANK sb. 1, Shr. V. ii. 187 'Twnslwon the ivager
though you hit the to. (with allusion to Bianco =
white),
2 spit w., variously explained as a sign of (i) immo-
derate drinking, (ii) thirst 2H4 i. ii. 241.
white adj.: typical of cowardice Mcr.V. ni. ii. 8(^)
livers w. as milk (cf. milk-liver'd), 2H4 iv. iii. 113,
Mac. H. ii. 06 I shame To wear a heart so w.-.—w.
herring, fresh herring orpickled herring (opposed
to ' red herring ') Lr. iii. vi. 34.
white-lim'd (Ff3 4) : whitewashed Tit. iv. ii. 09 IV
ir. walls (Ff 1 2 -Umb'd, Qq -limbde, which are com-
mon 16th-17th cent, forms of limn'd: cf. next).
white-limn'dt (Malone) : painted white Tit. iv.
ii. 99 (see prec). ^ ' Limn ' was specifically used
of painting in distemper.
white-livered: =lily-uver'd, milk-liver'd (cf.
WHITE adj.) H5 III. ii. 35, E3 iv. iv. 465 M'hite-
liver'd runagate .'.
whitely : pale LLL. iii. i. 206 [198] .1 w. wanton (Qq
Ff 12 whitl(e)y ; Aklis Wricht wightlyf).
whither : whithersoever 1H4 v. iii. 22, Cor. i. ii. 16.
•j A freq. spelling in old edd. is whether.
whiting-time: bleaching-time AViv. ni. iii. 141.
whitster: bleacher of linen "NViv. iii. iii. 15.
whittle : small clasp-knife Tim. v. i. 185 There's not
a w. in the unruly camp Hut I do prize it . . .
^ Wright in his Provincial Dictionary quotes as
a Warwickshire saying, ' A penny whittle, That
will neither cut stick nor vittle '.
who interrogative pron.: freq. used for 'whom'
Mer.V. II. vi. 30 For who love I so much ?, Ho iv.
vii. 155 Who servest thou tinder?, 2H6 iii. ii. 127
And care not who they sting. Veil. 847.
who relative pron. (1 cf. prec; see whom)
1 u. ed for ' whom ', e.g. Mer.V. I. ii. 25 (Qq who, Ff
whom), R3 I. iii. 327 who I, indeed, hare cast in
darkness (Fi who, Qq whom), 0th. 11. iii. 15.
2 = which, e.g. Tp. i. ii. 7 a brave vessel. Who had, no
doubt, some noble creatures in her, Cses. iv. iii. 111.
3 as who should say, as if to say Shr. iv. iii. 13, R2
V. iv. 8.
whoahoho(a: linllo! (call from a distanced Wiv.
V. V. 194 [187], Wint. iii. iii. 79.
whoe'er, whoever : whomsoever Tw.N. i. iv. 42
Whoe'er I woo, H8 11. i. 47 whoever the king favours,
Rom. V. iii. 173.
whole : in a liealthy state, restored to health, well
2H6 IV. vii. II he was thrust in the mouth . . . and
'tis not whole yet, Caes. 11. i. 327 make sick men u:.
Ant. IV. viii. 11 kiss The honour'd gashes »'.; fig.
All'sW. v. iii. 37, John I. i. 35.
wholesome :
1 sound, healthy Mac. iv. iii. 105 thy w. days (= days
of health). Ham. i. v. 70 curd . . . The thin and to.
blood, in. ii. 275, iv. 05.
2 reasonable, sensible Ham. 11. ii. 474 [465], iii. ii.
334 to make me a to. ansicer, 0th. m. i. 49 in w.
wisdom.
3 suitable to H8 in. ii. 100 to. to Our cause, 0th. i. i.
146 not meet nor wholesome to my place.
whom relative pron.:
1 = which, e.g. 2H6 in. ii. .345 the seal. Through
lohom a thousand sighs are breath' d for thee, Troil.
in. iii. 202 a mystery — with whom . . ,
2 used for ' who' Tp. v. i. 76 tvhom, with Sebastian . . .
Would here have kiH'd your king, Meas. 11. i. 73,
John IV. ii. 165 ivhom they say is kilt'd to-mght,
Cym. I. iv. 142.
3 once preceded by the Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 541 your
mistress,— from the tvhom . . .
whoohnb: clamour Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 631.
whoop : a coarse exclamation Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 199
hemakesthe nutid to answer, ' Whoop, do me no harm ,
good tnan', Lr. i. iv. 247 Whoop, Jug! I love thee.
whoop vb.: see hoop vb.^
Whoreson: used in coarse playfulness = fellow,
' dog ' H8 I. iii. 39 the sly ic-s, Rom. iv. iv. 20 a
merry to. ; as adj. chiefly as an epithet of contempt,
e.g. Tp. I. i. 48 Hang, cur, hang J you ir., insolent
noi se maker !, 2H4 n. ii. 93 Away, you to. iijiright
rabbit, aicay .' ; also as a coarse term of endearment
2H4 II. iv. 224 you to. little valiant villain, you 1 ; or
a mere intensive of little meaning 2H4 in. ii. 195
What disease hast thou 7— A ic. cold, sir, Ham. v. i.
188 your to. dead body, 192 A whoreson mad fellow.
whosoever: no matter who it be Troil. i. ii. 206
he's one 0' the soundest judgements in Troy, w.
whosoever: for 'whomsoever' Troil. n. i. 69
(Ffi2Q who some euer).
why (obsolete idiomatic u-ses)
1 used, like what, in calling to a person Mer.V. ir.
V. 6 T^7(f(^, Jessica .' . . . What, Jessica .' . . . Why,
Jessica, Isay!, 2H4 v. i. 8 Why, Davy! — Here, sir.
2 for why, (i) because Gent. in. i. 99, Shr. in. ii. 170,
R2 V. i. 46, Tit. ni. i. 2.30, Lucr. 1222 sorts a sad
look to her lady's sorrow. For why her face toore
sorrotv's livery ; (ii) for which 0th. i. iii. 259 The
rites for tohy I love him (Qq for tvhich).
3 tohy,'so! = vff\\, so let it be, phr. implying acqui-
escence, content, or relief Mer.V. in. i. 98, Shr.
IV. iii. 198, R2 11. ii. 87, R3 11. i. 1, Cor. v. i. 15,
Mac. III. iv. 107.
wicked :
1 mischievous, baneful Tp. i. ii. 321 w. deiv, Lr. 11.
i. 41 loicked charms.
2 unlucky, ill-starred MXD. 11. ii. 98 What to. and
dissembling glass of mine, Tim. in. ii. 49 What n
wicked beast teas I . . .
wide of: indifferent to Wiv. ni. i. 58 so toide of his
oini respect.
wide-chapped: open-mouthed Tp. i. i. 62.
widen : to open wide Cor. i. iv. 44.
widow (the .sense ' make a widow of occurs)
WIDOWHOOD —
250
-WIND AWAY
1 io settle a jointure upon Meas. v. i. 425 Wr <h iii-
sliite and n-nloit' ymi nillinl.
2 to lit'crnuo a widow to Ant. I. ii. 29.
widowhood: estate settled on a widow Shr. ir. i.
125 /'// assure iiir of Her wiJouliood.
wield: fig. to cs.'f^veas'LY.l. i. hi Iloveyoii more than
words can wield /lie mniter.
wife : the orig. sense of ' woman ' (as in goodwife,
HOUSEWIFE) is traceable more or less clearly in
the foil, passages : — Wiv. ii. ii. 102 she's . . . a
cicil modest wife, Tw.N. v, i. 140 him I love . . .
More , . . than e'er I shall love wife, H5v. Clior. 10
nith men, with tvives, and boys. Cor. iv. iv. 5 tliij
wives with spits and boys with stones.
wig'ht: man, person Wiv. i. iii. 21, LLL. i. i. 170,
H5 II. i. 04, Otli. II. i. 158, Sonn. cvi. 2.
wig-htlyt: nimble LLL. in. i. 200 [198] (old. odd.
whit{()hj).
wild sb.: Weald of Kent 1H4 ii. i. 60 a franklin in
the wild of Kent.
wild adj. : inconsiderate, rash Wint. ii. i. 181, Cor.
IV. i. 36 a wild cx/msture to ceich chance . . ,
Wilderness: wildness, barrenness Meas. iii. i. 140
cif ivilih mess ( = barren, wortliless).
Wildfire : gunpowder rolled up wet and set on fire
1H4 m. iii. ib ahull of w., Lucr. 1523 WItosezi'ords,
like ii\, biinil the sliininij (jlory Of rich-bnilt Ilion.
wild-goose cliase : race between two liorses, the
rider who loads choosing the course, which the
other is bound to follow Kom, ii, iv. 77.
wild-mare: see mare'.
wildness: madness Ham. in. i. 40 Hamlet's w.,
Cym. HI. iv. Qerew, Vanquish my staider senses.
wilful :
1 willing, eager Wiv. iii. ii. 45, MND. v. i. 213
when ivallsare so w. to hear icithout warning, Kom.
I. V. 93, Veil. 305 wilful and iinwilling.
2 obstinate Mer.V. i. i. 90 ei w. stillness, R3 in. vii.
28 this «'. silence; 'obstinate in extravagance'
(Clark and Wright) Mer.V. i. i. 147 :— adv. Wint.
I. ii. 255 10. , neejlitjent, John v. ii. 124 w.-opjiosite
( = stubbornly liostile), Sonn, Ii, IS he went w.-slow ;
see also next word.
wilful-blame: wilfully blameable 1H4 in. i. 170
you are too wilful-hlaine. ^In the 16th-17th cent,
"the 'to' in ' to blame' was app. misunderstood as
'too' (being often so spelt) and 'blame' taken
as adj.
will sb. {good will is freq. in the senses of ' favour-
able regard, favour', 'acquiescence, consent', and
•willingness, readiness')
1 phr. by my will, (i) of my own accord, voluntarily
Ado III. iii. 07 / would not hang a dog by my irill,
Tw.N. in. iii. 1; (ii)witli my consent 2H4 iv. i.
159 6^ my will iic shall admit no parley, Troii. li.
iii. 204, Ven. 039 [—by or of one's{oicn) good will, of
one's own accord R2 iv. i. 177 To do that office of
thine own good will Which tired majesty did make
thee offer, Ven. 479 she, by her good will, Will never
1-ise, so he will kiss her still ; so on my free will
Ant. in. vi. 57.
2 carnal appetite, lust Meas. ii. iv. 165, AIl'sW. iv.
iii. 19, Ham. in. iv. 88, Lr. iv. vi. 279, Otli. iii.
iii. 236, Ant. in. xi. [xiii.] 3, Cym. i. vi. 47.
will vb. (apparent instances of I will = l shall, are
dealt with in Abbott's Sliakespearian Grammar
§ 319 ; see separate article for the uses of would)
1 to wish to have All'sW. i. i. 180 Will yon anything
with it? (idiomatic lOtli cent. phr. =Is there any-
thing else you'd like to know, So now j'ou know),
II. i. 74 you will my noble grapes, ; esp. with nega-
tive, to refuse to have, liave nothing to do with
2H4 II. iv. 80/'// no swetggerers, Ham. v. ii. 201 /
, . . will no reconcilement.
2 to desire (a person) to do something, (hence, con-
textually) to bid, command All'sW. i. iii. 2,32,
H5 n. iv. 90, IHC i. ii. 80, 1, iii. 10 We do not other-
ivise than we are wilt'd, HSiii. i. 18 They will'd me
say so, Tit. V. i. 100 Willing yon to demand your
hostages.
3 in certain more or less ironical phrases will^vr'dl
have it, pretend, claim 2H4 iv. i. 157, IHO ii. iii.
58 This IS a riddling merchant for the nonce; Be
will be here, and yet he is not here, 3H6 i. i. 230,
Ham. IV. V. 3 Her mood will needs be pitied.
4 it will not he, it is no use, it is all in vain 1H6 i.
V. 33, Ven. 007 ; will it not be ?, an exclamation
of impatience John in. i. 2".i8, Rom. iv. v. 11.
5 very freq. with ellipsis of a vb. of motion (cf.
MUST) Wiv. III. iii. 244 n'e'll a birding together,
K3 I. i. 107 / will unto the king.
Willing" : as adv. willingly R2 in. iii. 206 What you
will have, I'll give, and w. too, 2H6 v. i. 51, Tim.
III. vi. 33 The swallow follows not summer more w.
than we your lordship.
willingply: intentionally MXD. in. ii. 346 com-
mit'st thy knaveries willingly (Q j wilfully).
willow: w. garland, emblem of disappointed love
SHOiv. i. ioO ; cf. 0th. iv. iii. 51 a green w.niust
be my garland (part of a song), and Ado ii. i. 190.
wimpled: blindfolded LLL. in. i. 189 [181] (applied
to Cupid).
win : win of, get the better of John n. i. 509 he
that wins of all, H8 v. i. 58, Cym. i. i. 121, Sonn,
Ixiv. 7 I have seen . . . the firm soil winof the watery
main ; similarly win upon Cor. i. i. 220 it [sc. the
rabble] will in time Win upon power ( = getthe
better of authority) ; cf. Ant. ii. iv. 9 You'll win
two days upon me ( = get the advantage of me by
two days).
wince, winch [cf. lance, lanch] : John iv. i. 81,
Ham. III. ii. 250 (Qi wince, the rest h/hc/O.
Winchester goose : swelling in the groin caused
by venereal disease IHO i. iii. 53 (ad.lressed in
contempt to the bishop of Winchester) ; in Troil.
V. X. 55 goose of W, is applied to one suffering
from the disease. ^ The stews in Southwark
were under the jurisdiction of the bishop of
Wincliester.
Wincot: Wilmecot (near Stratford) Shr. Ind. ii. 23.
wind sb. (see also break, door)
1 phr. down the wind, (to fly) in the direction of the
wind, as a hawk was made to do when dismissed
0th. in. iii. 262 ; sits in the wind against, is in
opposition to Ant. in. viii. 46 [x. 37] ; on thewittd,
speedily and without impediment, as if on the
'wings of the wind' Ant. in. vi. 03; cf. Cym.
III. iv. 38 ; have i' the wind, get scent of All'sW.
III. vi. 123 ; keeps the wind, keep to windward of
the game so as to force it into the toils 3H0 in.
ii. 14 ; so recover the wind of Ham. in. ii. .369 [362]
n'hy doyon go about to recover the wind of me, ns if
you irould drive me into et tod ? -.—have the wind of,
keep watch upon (as upon the game, when follow-
ing it down the wind) Tit. iv. ii. 134.
2 used for (i) speech, word Err. i. ii. 53 Stop in your
wind. Ham. iv. vii. 00 no wind of blame ; (ii) sighs
(chiefly coupled with j-nm = tears) A YL. ni. v. 50,
Troil. IV. iv. 54, Mac. I. vii. 25, Lucr. 1790.
wind vb.' (pa.t. and pa.pple. wound)
1 to turn or wlieel (a liorse) round 1H4 iv. i. 109
To turn and wind a fiery Pegasus ; also intr. C»s.
IV. i. 32 0 creature that I teach to fight, To wind,
to stop.
2 to insinuate oneself Cor. in. iii. 63 to wind Your-
self info ei pniver t yrannical , Lr. I. ii. 109 seek him
out ; wind me into him {me is dative of interest).
wind away, go away AYL. iii. iii. 109 ; wind up,
WIND
251
WIT
(Ij furl John v. ii. 73 ; (2) tune up (as the strings
of a musical instrument) Lr. iv. vii. 16 Tlie iin-
iltn'd nnd jarring senses, 0 J niml tip Oftliiscliild-
cltaiiyed/atlier ;\S) pass (time) H5 iv.i. 29it.
Wi&d vlj.2 (pa. pple. winded)
1 to blow Ado I. i. 251 [243], MND. IV. i. stage dir.
2 to scent Tit. iv. i. 97. [i. 67.
wind-changing': Inconstant as the wind 3H6 v.
windgalls : disease attacking the fetlock in horses
Shr. III. ii. 54.
windlass : pi. roundabout ways Hani. ii. i. 65 Willi
ic-es, and wilh assays of bins. H The common Eliz.
phr. was ' fetch a windlass ' (cf. fetcu vb. 4).
window : often applied to the eyelids K3 v. iii. 117,
Koni. IV. i. lUO, Ant. v. ii. 318 Downy w-s, close,
Veil. 482 ;-plir. ih at ilie w., said of illegitimate
children John i. i. 171.
Window-barst (old edd. -barn) : latticed open-
work of the bodice Tim, iv. iii. 117.
windowed :
1 placed in a window Ant. iv. xii. [xiv.] 72.
2 full of window-like holes Lr. in. iv. 31.
windring (not satisfactorily explained): Tp. iv. i.
128 w. brooks (mod. edd. wmdingf, watid'nny t).
windy (2 following wind sb. 2)
1 windward ; llie w. side, (fig.) the safe or advan-
tageous side Ado ii. i. 329, Tw.N. iii. iv. 183.
2 with ref. to speech and sighing John ii. i. 477,
K3 IV. iv. 127, Lucr. 1788.
wing : with defining adj. or in phr. = flight Tw.N.
u. V. 126 loiUi ivInU u<iii(/ llie stanidf cliecks at it,
1H4 III. ii, 30 tliy (iffictions, nitidi do hold a toimj
( = take a course) (}aile from t/ie fli(/ht of all ilty
ancestors, H5 iv. i. 113, Mac. in. ii. 51 the crow
Makes wing.
winged :
1 flying 1H6 IV. vii. 21, Cym. iv. ii. 348.
2 protected by a wing of an army R3 v. iii. 301 u\
with our cliiefesl horse.
wing-led : led in wings or divisions Cym. ii. iv.
24 w. with their courages (? = by their gallant com-
manders); Ff 234 Mingled; Craig their discipline
— Xow irniged, — Willi their courage . . .
wink sb. (2 transferred from the sense 'brief space
of time ', cf. Wint. v. ii. 124)
1 closing of tlie eyes ; only in plir. referring to
death Tp. il. i. 293 [285] [put] To the perjietuai w.,
Wint. 1. ii. 317 To give mine enemg a lasting wink.
2 very small distance Tp. ii. i. 250 [242] Ambition
en n not pierce a wink beyond.
Wink vb. (1 the commonest S. sense)
1 to shut one's eyes, have the eyes closed ; said
also of the eyes themselves Tp. n. i. 224 [216]
Thou . . . wink'st Whiles thou art waking, H5 ll. i.
8 I dare not fight ; but I will ir. and hold out mine
iron, Cym. v. iv. KSsuch as irinkaiid inll not itse
them [viz. their eyes], Ven. 90 He winks, and turns
his lips another way, Sonn. xliii. 1 ;— in some exx.
_= blink LLL. i. ii. 55 ere you'll thrice wink, R2 iv.
i. 284 the face That like the siiti did make beholders
wink, Lucr. 375 his eyes begun To wink, being blinded
with a greater light.
2 wink at or upon, seem not to see Gent. ii. iv. 99
Upon a homely object Lore can w., Tim. in. i. 48 w.
at me and say thou sawest me not, Mac.,i. iv.52 The
eye w. at the hand ; (hence) to connive at H5 il.
ii. 55, Rom. v. iii. 294 winking at your discords.
3 to give a significant look MND. iir. ii. 239, John
IV. ii. 211 on the winking of authority (i.e. at the
merest look or nod), H5 v. ii. 332 I will ivink on
her to consent. Tit. in. ii. 43.
winking V 1)1. sb. : closing of the eyes Ham. n. ii.
Vii* given my heart a w. (-closed the eyes of my
heart ; Qq 2-5 working).
winking pies, pple.: v/ith eyes shut 115 iii. vii.
158 that run w. into the nioutli of a Russian bear ;
blind Cym. 11. iv. 89 w. Cnpids ; (of flowers, &c.)
closed John 11. i. 215 your w, gates, Cym. 11. iii.
26 winking Mary-buds.
winnowed' (not satisfactorily explained): 'wise,
sensible' (Craig) Ham. v. ii. 201 w. opinions.
wintered: worn in winter AYL. ni. ii. 112 W.
garments must be lin'd (Ifij).
winter-ground : to cover up in the ground (as a
plant with straw, &c.) Cyin. iv. ii. 2'1'ifurr'd moss
. . . To winter-ground thy corse.
winterly : cheerless Cym. in. iv. 13 winterly [news].
T] Cf. SUMMER.
wipe (once) : brand Lucr. 537 a slavish wipe.
wiry : John in. iv. 64 «'(>•(/ /)-iCHrfs = hairs (cf. Sonn.
cxxx. 4) ; Sonn. cxxviii. 4 The wiry concord -the
harmony of the sti ings.
wis : / WIS t : see i-wis.
wisdom : w. of nature, natural science Lr. i. ii. 116.
wise sb. : manner Per. v. ii. 11 (Gower) in no wise
_( = not at all), Pilgr. iii. 33 [277].
wise man (nearly always printed as one word in
old edd.): usually opposed to 'fool', e.g. AYL.
y. i. 36 The fool doth think he is wise, but the wise
man knows himself to be a fool; occas.to 'madman'
R2 v. V. 63 For though it hare liolp madmen to their
irils, In me it seems it will make wise men mad.
wise woman : woman .skilled in occult arts, witch
^\iv. IV. V. 27 the w. of L'rainford, 69, Tw.N. in.
iv. 116.
wish, : to invite or commend (one) to another Shr.
I. i, 112 / will wish him to her father, I. ii. 60 shall
I . . . Irish thee to a shreird ill-farourd wife f.
Wishful: longing 3H6 iii. i. 14 my wishful sight.
wishtly : with longing looks 1!2 v. iv. 7 he w. looked
on me, As who should say, ' I would thou wert tlie
man ' (Qq 1 2 ; the rest wiMy).
wistt (Steevens, Capell) : knew 1H6 iv. i. 180 An if
I wist he did, — but let it rest (old edd. wish ;
Theobald I wisf). ^ See note s.v. wot.
wlstly: (of looking) steadfastly, attentively Ven.
343, Lucr. 1355 and, blushiw/ with him, w. on him
^^^•gaz'd, Pilgr. vi. 12 [82]. "IJ Cf. ' Robin behelde our
comly kynge Wystly in the face ' (Robyn Hode,
vii. fytte).
wit sb. (the foil, senses are characteristic of tlie
Eliz. period)
1 the mental powers or faculties, the mind ; usu.
pi. e. g. Gent. i. i. 44 lore Inhabits in the finest wits,
Cor. n. iii. 21, ic; fire wits, common sense,
imagination, fancy, estimation, memory Ado i.
i. 67, Rom. i. iv. 47, Lr. in. iv. 57, Sonn. cxli. 9
my fire wits nor my fire senses; occas. sing. Gent.
I. i. 47 the young and tendir wit, 1H6 i. ii. 73 My
wit wntraind in any kind of art.
2 power of imagination or invention LLL. i. ii. 194
Devise, wit; write, pen, MND. iv. i. 212 past the
wit of man, H5 in. vii. 33, Lucr. 1299 What wit
sets down is blotted straight tcilh will ; (hence)
'contrivance, stratagem, power of expedients '
(J.) Wiv. IV. V. 123my admirable dexterity of ivif,
Lr. I. ii. L'05/.f/»if, ifnotbybirlh,liarelanasbywit.
3 sound sense or judgement, understanding, in-
telligence LLL. I. ii. 184, Wint. 11. ii. 52, Ciss. iir.
ii. 225 / hare neither wit, nor icords, nor worth,
Ham. II. ii. 90 since brerity is the sold of wit.
4 wisdom, wise or prudent knowledge Wiv. iv. v.
61, 3H6lv. vii. 61 Away ivith scrupulous wit! now
arms must rule, Lucr. 153, Sonn. cxl. b If I might
teach thee wit.
5 person of a certain condition or turn of mind
(expressed by a qualifying word or phr.) 2H4 ir.
ii, 40 It shall serve among luits of no hiijher breeding
WIT-
252
- WOODBINE
tlian thine, H5 ill. vi. 85 ale-washed loits, Yen. 850
the humour of fnntastic wits.
6 "Wit, irhither wilt?, Eliz. phr. of doubtful origin,
addressed to one wlio is talking too much or
foolishly AYL. iv. 1. 174 ; alluded to in Wit, nhi-
ther wander you ? addressed to Touchstone, AYL.
I. ii. 60.
wit vb.: to know 1H6 ir. v. 16 As wilting I no other
comfort have. Per. iv. iv. 31 Xow pleaseyou wit The
epitaph is for Marina writ.
witch : to bewitch IH-t iv. i. 110, 3H6 iii. ii. 150 (Ff
'witch), Tim. v. i. 160, Ham. in. ii. 413 [406] the
lery witching time of night, When churchyards
yawn. Ti Cf. wot.
with (1 one of the commonest S. senses)
1 expressing agency = by Ado ii. i. 65 to he pver-
maslered with a piece of valiant dust, John ii. i. 567
roimded in theear With that same purpose-changer,
Ant. V. ii. 170 must I be luifolded With one that I
liave bredf.
2 expressing means of nourishment = on LLL. i. i.
29dfast a week with bran and water, R2 in. ii. 175,
Mac. IV. ii.82, v. v. 13 1 hare supp'd fuUwith horrors.
3 (with ^oswM)=of John iv. ii. 9.
4 pregnant or ellipt. uses: from union or associ-
ation with Cyai. iv. ii. 60 let the stinking -elder,
grief, untwine His perishing root w. the increasinij
vine ; Cor. in. iii. 30 With tts, as we shall turn it
to advantage ; 2H6 v. i. 153 (see suffer).
5 idiomatic plir.: Pll be with you is used threaten-
ingly, almost = I'll trounce you, I'll give you
' wliat for ', MND. in. ii. 403, Slir. iv. i. 170 What:
do yon grumble? I'll be with you straight, H8 v. iv.
30 ; / am with you, I understand 2H6 n. i. 48 ; not
with himself, beside himself Tit. I. i. 368 ; What
news or tidings with . . .? What news has . . . ?
Gent. III. i. 282, 2H6 ll. i. 163 ; with all my heart,
used as (i) a salutation Tim. in. vi. 28, (ii) a reply
to a salutation Lr. iv. vi. 33, 0th. iv. i. 229 ; with
superlatives used absol.=at 0th. ii. iii. 7 with
your earliest. Ant. V. i. 67 with your speediest.
withal: the common meanings are (1) with this,
with it, therewith, (2) at the same time, besides,
(3) with ; phr. I could not do withal, I could not
help it Mer.V. in. iv. 72.
withdraw : Ham. in. ii. 367 [360'*] To w. with you,
let me speak privately with you.
wither : w. out, cause to dwindle MXD. i. i. 6 w-ing
out a young man's 7'evemie.
withers : in a horse, the part where the shoulder-
bones join the neck 1H4 n. i. 8 wrung in the to.,
Ham. III. ii. 256 oiir withers are nniorung.
within: to close quarters with Err. v. i. 34 Some
get w. hi)n, take his sword away. ^ Within once
follows its objt.ct, which is in tlie nominative Mac.
III. iv. 14 'Tis better thee withorit than he within.
Withold : see Swithold.
without prep. : beyond the reach of Tp. v. i. 271 w.
her power, MND. iv. i. 1.59 Without the peril of the
Athinian law, Mac. in. ii. 11 Things w. all remedy.
Without conj. : unless Gent. ii. i. 40, Err. ill. ii. 92,
Ado III. iii. 85.
Without-book : recited by heart Rom. i. iv. 7 no
without-book prologue.
without-door : outward Wint. n. i. (JSherw.form.
witness sb.: with a w., with a vengeance Slir. v.
i. li'l Here's packing, with a witness.
witness vb. : to give or show evidence of Meas. iv.
iii. 103 letters . . . whose contents Shall w. to him I
am near at home, R2 ii. iv. 22 W-ing storms to come,
Sonn. xxvi. 4 / send this tvritten ambassage, To w.
duty.
wit-old : mentally feeble LLL. v. i. 67 (quibble on
WITTOI.).
Wit-snapper : one who seizes every opportunity
of indulging in witticism Mer.Y. in. v. 55.
Wittily : wisely Tw.N. iv. ii. 16 asthe old hermit of
Prague . . . very w. sccid . . . ' That that is is' ;
cleverly Ven. 471.
wittol: contented cuckold \Viv. ii. ii. 317.
wittoUy : cuckoldly AYiv. n. ii. 288.
witty (obs. uses ; cf. wit sb.)
1 wise, prudent MXD. v. i. 169, Tw.N. i. v. 38 Iletter
a witlif fool than a foolish wit, 3H6 i. ii. 43 Witty,
courtio'us, liberal, Troil. in. ii. 30, 0th. ii. i. 13L
2 clever, cunning Ado iv. ii. 28, R3 iv. ii. 42 The
deep-revolving witty Buckingham.
wo ha ho: call to excite attention Mer.V. v. i. 39.
wod(d)e : see wood.
woe sb.: lament Ado v. iii. 33 this for whom we ren-
der'd up this woe ! ; grievous thing H5 1. ii. 26 whose
guiltless drops Are every one a woe . . . 'Gainst . . . ;
in exclamations = alas for Tp. i. ii. Ibiooe the day I,
H5 IV. vii. 79 iroe the while.'.
woe adj.: sorry Tp. v. i. 139 I am woe for' t, 2H6 iii.
ii. 73, Ant. iv. xii. [xiv.] 133 icoe are we, Sonn.
Ixxi. 8 If thinking on me then sliould make you woe.
*] ' I am woe ' was developed from the old ' "Woe
is me ' ; Chaucer blends the old and tlio new in
' me is as wo For him as ever I was for any man'.
wolvish : the form current in old edd. ; mod. edd.
often wolfish t.
woman sb. (1 contrast wife)
1 wife Wiv. n. ii. 309 the hell of having a false w.,
1H4 II. iii. 44.
2 M!OHfanV=womanish, feminine Gent. i. ii. 23, 1H4
I. iii. 237 to break into this iroman's mood, in. i.
244, Troil. i. i. Ill wherefore not afield? Because
not there : this wo)nan's answer sorts, Mac. i. v. 48
Come to my woman's breasts.
woman vb.: to bend or subdue (like a woman)
All'sW. in. ii. 53.
woman'd: accompanied bj' % woman 0th. in. iv. 194.
woman-queller : woman-killer 2H4 ii. i. 61.
woman-tired: henpecked ^Vint. n. iii. 74.
womb sb. : transt. applied to anything hollow or
conceived as hollow (e.g. the earth, night) R2 ii.
i. 83 a grave, Whose hollow womb . . ., 1H4 in. i. 31,
H5 IV. Chor. 4 the foul womb of night, Rom. v. i. 65
the fatal cannon's womb, Comjjl. 1 a htll Whose con-
care womb . . .
womb vb.: to enclose "Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 503.
womby : hollow H5 ii. iv. 124 womby vaultages.
Woncot : = Wincot 2H4 v. i. 42.
wonder sb. (obsolete uses)
1 admiration Tw.X. ii. i. 2') s%teh estimable wonder,
Wint. V. i. 133, Lucr. 84 In silent wonder of still-
gasine/ eyes.
2 miracle, miraculous quality, miraculous means
Err. in. ii. 30 by what w. you do hit of mine (i.e. my
name)? Shr. n. i. 403 [411], 0th. in. iv. 100 there's
some wonder in this handkerchief.
wonder vb.: to admire Sonn. cvi. 14 tee . . . Hare
eyes to w., but lack tongues to praise; const. atLLL.
V. ii. 267 Are these the breed of tvits so wonder'd at ?.
wonderingf: admiration Wint. iv. Chor. [i.] 25.
wonder'd: performing wonders Tp. rv. i. 123 So
rare a n\ fat her ( = performing such rare miracles).
wont : =tlie much commoner is or are wont, was or
were wont Err. iv. iv. 38 I bear it on my shoulders,
as a bev/gar ivont Iter brat (" isnccustome^l tohcar),
lH6i.'ii. 14, I. iv. 10.
wood: mad Gent. ii. iii. 31 0, that she could speak
now like a tvoodf woman (Ff irouhl-womati). MN'D.
IT. i. 192 here am I, and wood (Qi woddc) within this
wood, 1H6 IV. vii. 35 raging wood.
woodbine: honeysuckle' Ado ni. i. 30, MND. ii. i.
251 ; (?) bindweed, Convolvulus sepium MM), iv.
WOODCOCK
253
- WORSHIP
i. 48 So dolh the n\ the sweet lioneysitc!;le Gentlij
e)iti(ist,
woodcock: type of stupidity ; lience = fool Ado v.
I. 161, Ham. i. iii. 115.
wooden: fig. IHO v. iii. 89* a wooden iliitu/, (a)
' awkward business ' (Stccveus), (b) ' expression-
less, insensible thing— referring to tlie king '
(H. C. Hart).
woodman: luinfcr Wiv. v. v. 30, Cyni. in. vi. 28
I'ou, roljjdore, liittc proi'dhcst «'., Lucr. 580; fig.
wonian-liunter Mcas. iv. iii. 174.
woollen adj. : covered witli woollen clotli Mer.V.
IV. i. 56 a w. lidfipipe (so Qq Ff 12:5 ; Capell vnul-
iiiij f) ; coarsely clad, homely Cor. iii. ii. 9 woollen
Kissdls: — sb. Ado 11. i. 33 lie m tlie w., sleep be-
tween the blankets with no sheets.
wcolward: with woollen clothing next the skin
LLL. V. ii. 716 I (/olt>./or penavce. ^ Cf. Palsgr.,
"Wohvardc, without any lynneii nexte ones
body, ' sans chemyse '.
woot: wilt (thou) Ham. v. i. 297 Wool weep f wool
Jtylit?, Ant. IV. xiii. [xv.] 59 jXohlest of iiien, woot
die 1. If Remains in west-midland dial. Cf. wot.
word sb. (4 is freq. in ordinary plirases)
1 at a word, to be brief, in short Wiv. i. i. 109, Ado
II. i. 120, Cor. I. iii. 122 go ahnfi with its. — Xo, eU a
w., madam ; so with a word iH4 11. iv. 287 ; in
phr. expressing prompt decision or action Wiv.
I. iii. 14 / aw ett a word; follow, 2H4 in. ii. 322
Go to ; I have spoke at a word (-yon may depend
upon me), Caes. i. ii. 270 if I would iiot have tulien
h I III at a ivord ; cf. C«s. I. ii. 104 i'poii the word . . ,
/ phiiirjed in.
2 watch-word, pass-word Mer.V. iii. v. 58, H5 11. i.
76, iii. 52, Ham. i. v. 110, iv. v. 105.
3 hate, yive, maintain w-s,hreak ovchani/e aw., come to
if-s, spend to. for w., hold conversation Gent. 11. iv.
42, Err. in. i. 75, LLL .v. ii. 239, Tw.N. iv. ii. 109,
Cres. V. i. 25, Ham. i. iii. 134, Ant. 11. vi. 3.
4 promise, assurance Gent. 11. iv. 44 yon have an
exchequer of words, All'sW. n. i. 2lti If thou proceed
As hiyh as word (=if youractions tally with your
undertaking).
5 the word, the inspired word, Holy Writ, Wiv. in.
i. 44, R2 V. V. 13, 2H4 iv. ii. 10 Turii/ii(/ the word
to sword ; so The words of heetven JMeas. i. ii. 131.
6 inottoPer. II. ii. 21 The word, JAtxiuavitamihi,6iC.
word vb. (only in Ant. and Cym.)
1 to say (as opposed to 'sing ) Cym. rv. ii. 240.
2 to speak of Cym i. iv. 17 worels him . , . n i/reed
deal from the matter ( = make a report of him
which is remote from the fact).
3 to flatter with words Ant. v. ii. 190.
Work.sb. : fortification H8 v. iv. 63, Otli. in. ii. 3.
work vb. (pa.t. and pa.pple. always wrowjht -. Icf.
WORKING vbl.sb. andppl. adj.; 5saidcsp. of seeth-
ing waters in Eliz. period)
1 to act upon or affect, powerfully move Tp. iv. i.
144 your father's in some passion That works him
stron!/ly,v. i. 11 your charm sostrowjly works them,
Mac. I. iii. 149 my dull brain was wrowjht ^Yith
thinr/s forgotten, 0th. v. ii. 344.
2 to strive to effect (something) H8 in. ii. 312 You
wrought to be a legale, Cor. n. iii. 254; to bring
about, effect Rom. in. v. 145 theit we hare wrought
So worthy a gentleman to be her bridegroom,
3 work out, (i) "scent out like a dog Tw.N. 11. v. 141,
(ii) bring through safely 2H4 1. i. 182 if toe wrought
out life.
4 let . .'. n'ork, allow (a person or thing) to follow
his or its course Caes. n. i. 209, Hani. in. iv. 205.
5 to be agitated Per. ni. i. 48 the sen works.
6 (with object and predicative adj.) to render by
continuous action 2H4 iv, iv. 119,
working- vbl. sb.:
1 pi. actions 2H4 v. ii. 90.
2 effort, endeavour AYL. i. ii. 218 h is wilUiath in it
a more modest w., 2H4 iv. ii. 22 our dull w-i".
3 mental or emotional activity, 'affection' of the
mind or heart Meas. n. i. 10, LLL. iv. i. 33 the w.
of the heart, 1 H6 v.v.86 sick with w. of my Ihow/hts,
Ham. II. ii. 588 [580J/(O(/i her [i.e. the soul's] w.
all his visage wamiUl, Sonn.Xciii. 11 thy heart's w-s.
working- ppl.adj.: exciting the emotions, full of
pathos H8 Prol. 3.
workingr-day : ordinaiy, trivial AYL. i. iii. 12
this working-day world. ^ Cf. workv-day.
working-hoiise : factory (fig.) H5 v. Chor. 23.
workman: skilled worker Tim. iv. iii. 441 Do
villany , . . Like workmen. Ant. iv. iv. 18 thou,
slioiildst see A workman in't, Cym. iv. i. 7.
worky-day:= WORKING-DAY Ant. i. ii. 57.
world :
1 matter of the w., anything at .ill Troil. 11. iii. 198 ;
it is a UK, it is wonderful (to see) Ado in. v. 38,
Shr. II. i. 305 [313].
2 life, condition of existence Rom. in. i. 105 I am
peppered . . .for this world ■,—hoth tlie w-s, this life
and the next Ham. iv. v. 133 ; the w. to come,
future generations Troil. in. ii. 180.
3 go to the world, get married Ado n. i. 333, All'sW.
I. iii. 21 i woman of the w., married woman AYL.
V. iii. 5.
4 with ref. to the microcosm or 'little world 'of
man Lr. in. i. 10, Compl. 7 Storming her w, with
sorrow's wind evnd rain.
worldlings : (?) men of this world, mortals AYL.
II. i. 48, 2H4v. iii. 100.
worldly (the sense ' devoted to the world and its
pursuits' is not S.)
1 belonging to this world or this life 2H4 iv. v. 229
My w. business ( = my life), 2H6 i. ii. 45 w. pleasure,
in. ii. 151 my w. solace, Ctes. i. iii. 96 life, beim/
weary of those w. bars, Cym. iv. ii. 2(i0thy w. task.
2 mortal Meas. in. i. 127 w. life, R2 in. ii. 66 w. men.
Tit. I. i. 152 w. chances, v. ii. 65 ; no worldly {qood),
no(good) inthe world Gent. in. i. 9, R3 in. vii. 62.
3 pertaining to one's relations with the world (as
opposed to private interests) Tp. i. ii. 89 ner/lectniy
w. ends, eilt dedicated Tocloseness, R2 in. ii. 94, Otli.
I. iii. 301 an hour Of lore, of worldly viallers . . .
To spend with thee.
world-withoiit-end : eternal LLL. v. ii. 797 a w,
bargain, Sonn. Ivii. 5 cliide the tv. hour.
worm (in early use applied widely to all small
creeping things)
1 supposed to cause pain and decay in teeth Ado
III. ii. 27; humorously supposed to infest tlio
fingers of a lazy person (and hence sometimes
called ' idle worms ') Rom. i. iv. 66 « . . . worm
Prick'dfrom the lazy finger of a maid.
2 snake, serpent MND. rii. ii. 71 Could not a worm,
an adder, do so much ?, 2H6 ni. ii. 263 The mortal
worm (cf. 259 a serpent . . , with forked tongue). Ant.
V. ii. 242 the pretty worm of Alius ; fig! Yen. 933
[Death] earth's worm.
worn:
1 (of time) spent, past Wint. v. i. 142 infirmity,
— Which iraits upon worn times (=attends old age),
Lucr. 1350 irorn-oul age.
2 exhausted Cor. in. i. 6.
3 effaced from memory 2H6 ir. iv. 69 These few days'
wonder will be quickly worn.
worry : to ' pull to pieces ' Wint. v. ii. 59 then again
worries he his daui/hter with clippiiiq her.
worshipsb. : honour, dignity AVint. i. ii.314 hench'd
and rear'd to irorship, John iv. iii. 72, 3H6 iv. iii.
16 »'. and qxiietness (='otium cum dignitate '),
WORSHIP -
254
WRIT
R3 I. i. Wjilialfiood man of ii:, Cor. iii. i. 141 ('this
divided authority of the' senate and the people '),
Lr. I. iv. 290 ; H8 1, i. 39 belony to w. ( = are of noble
rank).
worship vb.: to honour, dignify H5 i. ii. 233 our
(/rate . . . Xot norslupp'd nUh a ivaxen epitaph.
wort' : plant, vegetable Wiv. i. i. 125 Good iiorts .'
good cabbage.
wort-: infusion of malt before it is fermented,
sweet unfennented beer LLL. v. ii. 234.
worth sb. (Malone explains liis h: in Cor. iii. iii. 26*
' his full quota or proportion ')
1 wealth, riches MND. ii. i. 219 tlic rich w. of your
iirgmitji, Tw.N. iir. iii. 17, Rom. ii. vi. 32 They
are hut beggars that can count their w., Lr. iv. iv.
10, 0th. I. ii. 28 not . . . For the sea's worth.
2 merit, deservingness Meas. i. i. 22 If any ... he
of w. To undert/o such ample qrace, Cyni. v. v. 308.
worth adj.: of value, valuable 1H4 iv. i. 27, Troil.
n. ii. 22. [of praise.
worthiness: deservedness Troil. i. iii. 241 Tlie ic.
worthless : unwortliy IHO iv. iv. 21 n: emulation \
—worthless of, not deserving Caes. v. i. 61.
worthy sb.: pi. excellences Uent. ii. iv. 167, LLL.
IV. iii. 236.
worthy adj. (the senses ' excellent ' and ' deserv-
ing ' are tlie most freq., the latter with various
constructions)
1 valuable Tp. l. ii. 247 / hare done thee iv. seriice,
AYL. III. iii. 62, Cies. in. i. 116 Xo worthier than
the dust, Sonn. xlviii. 6.
2 well-deserved, due R2 v. i. 68 w. danger and de-
serted death, 1H6 V. v. 11 her w. praise, R3i. ii. 87
doing irorthy vengeance on thyself.
3 legitimate, justifiable Jolm ii. i. 281 whose right
is worthiest, 1114 in. ii. 98, Cor. iir. i. 2\() your w.
rage, 0th. in. iii. 254 worthy cause.
4 befitting, fitted [for) Gent. i. iii. 33 every exercise
W. his youth, II. iv. 77 w. for an empress' love, Caes.
V. v. 24, Mac. I. ii. 10 Worthy to he a rebel.
worthy vb.: to give (a person) a reputation for
excellence Lr. ii. ii. 128 he . . . put upon him such
a deal of man. That worthied him.
wot ' : know(s) Wiv. ii. ii. 91 the picture . . . thai yon
wot of, Wint. III. ii. 77 the gods themselves, Wottin;/
lio more than I, Ho iv. i. 302 The slave . . . little wots
What watch the king keeps, R3 ii. iii. 18 no, no, good
friends, God wot, in. ii. 89 Wot you what, mij lord?
( = let me tell you), Tit. n. i. 48, Ant. i. v. 22 wot'st
thou whom thou mov'st ?. ^ Tlie present tense of
WIT vb.; the past tense 'wist' occurs in the 1611
Bible (e.g. Luke ii. 49), but is not S.
WOt = : wilt2H4 ii. i. 65 thou wot, wot ta, (Q ; Ff ihon
wilt not ?), Ant. iv. ii. 7. ^ Cf. woot.
would (obs. or archaic uses of the past subjunctive)
1 = wish, desire Gent. ii. iv. 117 my lord your father
w. speak witli you, Tit. ni. i. 209 would thou kneel
with me (Ff wilt), Ca>s. n. i. 12 He w. be crown'd
Mac. I. V. 19 thou wonldst be great ; withsb. orpron.
as obj. Mer.V. n. ii. 132 wouldst thou, aught with
me?, H5 iv. i. 32 / w. no oilier company, v. ii. 68
If. . . you w. the peace ; with clause Ham. i. ii. 234
/ w. I had been there ; with accus. and infin. H5
n. Prol. 18 Wliut mightst thou do that honour would
thee do.
2 = require to Mac. i. vii. 34 Golden opinions . . .
Which w. be worn now in their newest gloss. Ham.
III. iii. 75 That would be scann'd.
wovind: entwined Tp. n. ii. 13 wound with adders.
woundless : invulnerable Ham. iv. i. i'lthe wound-
less air.
wrack sb. (always so spelt in old edd., not ' wreck')
1 destruction, ruin AU'sW. in. v. 23 the w. of
maidenhood, 2H6 i. ii, 105 Hume's knavery will be
the duchess' w., Mac. l. iii. 114 He labour'd in his
country's icrack, Yen. 558 honour's irrack.
2 wreck, shipwreck Tp. i. ii. 26 The direful spectacle
of the »'., Err. v. i. 49 by w. of sen, 1{2 li. i. 268,
0th. II. i. 23 a grievous w. and sufferance On most
part of their fleet.
3 wrecked ship or person Tw.X. v. i. 83, R3 1. iv. 24.
4 wreckage H5 i. ii. 165 sunken ivrack.
wrack vb.: to destroy, ruin i;3 iv. i. 96, Ham. ii. i.
113 meant to wrack thee.
wracked (freq.) : shipwrecked Tp. i. ii. 236.
wrackfnl: destructive Sonn. Ixv. 6 wrackful sieqe.
wrangler: adversary H5 i. ii. 264, Troil. n. ii.'75
The sens and winds — old wranglers.
wrath sb. (l freq.; 2 once)
1 warlike ardour=RAGEsb. 5 Tw.N'. in. iv.257?/oi(r
opposite hath inliimwiiat youth, strength, skill, and
irrath can furnish withal, 2114 r. i. 1U9, Cor. l. i.K.
86, Ham. ii. ii. 492 [483].
2 ardour of passion = rage sb. 3, AYL. v. ii. 45.
wrath adj. (once) : wrathful MND. ii. i. 20 fell and
w. (rhyme hatit). ^[ 'Wroth ' adj. does not occur,
wrathful : ' raging, furious, impetuous ' (Schmidt)
R2 I. iii. 136 w. iron arms, 2H4 in. ii. 173 valiant
as the w. dove, 2H6 n. iv. 3 Barren winter, with
liis wrathful nipping cold, v. ii. 70.
wreak sb. : vengeance, revenge Cor. iv. v. 91 A
heart of w.. Tit. iv. iii. 33 Take w., iv. iv. 11 inhis
wreaks ( = vindictive acts).
wreak vb.' : to revenge Tit. iv. iii. 51 to wreak our
wrongs, Rom. in. v. 102.
wreak vb.- : 16tli-17tli cent, variant of reck.
wreak'd: revenged Von. 1004 Be w-'don him.
wreakful : revengeful Tit. v. ii.32, Tim. iv. iii. 230.
wreakless : old form of reckless.
wreathed: (of the arms) folded LLL. iv. iii. 135.
wrenching (H8 i. i. 167) : see rixsi.vg.
wrest sb. : key for tuning a harp ; fig. Troil. in. iii.
23 Antetior . . . is such a irrest in their affairs Tliat
their negotiations all must slack, Wan ting his manage.
wrest vb. (2cf. o'er-wrested)
1 to get as if by main force Tit. in. ii. 44 / of these
[signs] will wrest an alphabet.
2 to strain the meaning of wilfully in a wrongdirec-
tion, misinterpret Ado in. iv. 34 an bad thinking
do not w. true speaking, H5 i. ii. 14 fasliion, w., or
boir your reading, 2H6 in. i. 186.
wretch: as a teini of endearment Rom. i. iii. 44,
Otb. in. iii. 90, Ant. v. ii. 305.
wretched: hateful, loathsome R3 v. ii. 7 The w.,
bloody, and usurping boar, Lucr. 999S((c/i wretched
hands such wielchcd hlood should spill.
wringf (see also wrinoixg, wrung)
1 to wrencli, wrest (lit. and fig.) Meas. v. i. 32 w.
redress from you, 3H6 in. i. 16 thy sceptre wrung
from thee. Ham. l. ii. 58 He hath . . . wrung from
me mil slow leave, 0th. v. ii. 287 (Ff Wrench).
2 to writhe, suffer torture Ado v. i. 28 w. under the
load of sorrow, Cym. in. vi. 78 He wrings at some
distress.
wringing' : torture, suffering H5 iv. i. 256, H8 ii.
ii. 28 wringing of the conscience.
wrinkle : to give "wrinkles to, make to appear old
Troil. n. ii. 79.
writ sb. f2 holy writ is the usu. phrase)
1 that which is written, writina, document 2H6 i.
iv. 60 the devil's writ. Tit. ll. iiT. 264//i(.<! fatal writ.
Ham. n. ii. 430 [421'] For the law of writ and the
liberty{?= ' for repeatingcorrectly what is writ ten,
and for freedom of improvisation ', Clark and
Wright; Q 1676 wit), v. ii. 51 [\] folded tlie writ
up; 'penned or premeditated oration' (J.) Ca's.
in. ii. 225 I have neither writ, nor words, nor worth
(Ffo.i wit).
WRIT - 2;
2 Scripture ; (liencc) 'gospel ' truth Per. 11. Gowcr
12 each wan Thnilcs alt is imt lie sjickoi can.
writ pa.pple.: specified, stipulated Haui. i. ii. 222
ire did llinik 1/ c. doirn in our datij To ... , iv. v.
140 is'l irrit in your revenue. That . . .?.
write (pa.t. nrit, ra.rc]y mole; pa.pple, ?wvY, written,
rarely urote)
1 to sign or .subscribe one's name {for) 2HC iv. i. G3
This linnd of mine hath nn-it in ilnj behalf, Soiiu.
cxxxiv. V Jie learn d .,,to write/or me, Lnder that
bond.
2 to set oneself down as, call oneself All'sW. ir. iii.
207 w. man (see man sb.), 2H4 I. ii. 29, Lr. v. iii.
'id ID. happii nhen lliou hast done; (lience) to lay
claim to AU'sW. 11. iii. 67 My mouth no more irere
hroken than these boys' And writ as little beard.
.3 )('. aijainst, denounce Ado iv. i. 66, Cym. ir. v. .32.
writhied: wrinkled IHGir. iii. 2'iihis .. .w. shrimp.
writing" : words of a song LLL. i. ii. 120.
wroath (Qq 12 Ff), wroth (Qq st) : irregular spell-
ings of 'ruth ' = calamity, ruin Mer.V. n. ix. 78
Patiently to bear my w. ^ ' Roth ' is a loth cent,
foi-m, and 'routh' occurs as late as the 17th cent.
wrong" (very freq. in the ordinaiy senses)
1 phr. haienronr), suffer injury, injustice, or loss
2H4 II. ii. 107,' V. i. 58, 3H6 iv. i. 102, CiPS. iir. ii.
116 ; do oneself iironej, put oneself in the wrong,
be mistaken Tp. i. ii. 440, Wiv. in. iii. 22U, Meas.
I. ii. 43.
2 wrong-doing, evil act, olTencc Meas. 11. ii. 10.3,
Ado V. i. 312, John ir. i. 116 L'neler whose warrant
I ihijKiieh thy ir., E3 v. i. I'J the determined respite
of my 11 ronr/t.
wrimgc : Avrenclied or galled 1H4 11. i. 8 ir. in the
Itllhcrs. •[ Cf. UNWRUXG.
wrying : swerving from tlie rightpath Cyni. v. i. 5.
wry-neck'd : the nry-neck'd ffe ( = playe("i with the
liead turned sideways) Mer.V. 11. v.":!0.
X
Xanthippe (old odd. Zantippe, Zentifipe) : wife of
Socrates, typical of a scold Slir. i. ii. 71.
Y
yard: yard measure Shr. iv. iii. 113 ; clothier's y.,
' cloth-yard shaft ', an arrow used with the long
bow Lr. IV. vi. 90.
yare: ready, (hence) nimble, brisk Meas. iv. ii. 61
>f you haceoccasiOH to use me . , ., yon shall find me
y., Tw.N. III. iv. 248 be y. in thy preparation, Ant.
III. xi. [.xiii.] 131 ; (of a ship) easily managed Tp.
V. i. 224, Ant. in. vii. 38 ; adv. Tp. i. i. 7 cheerly,
my hearts! yare, yard, &c.. Ant. v. ii. 285 ; so
yarely Tp. i. i. 4, Ant. 11. ii. 219.
yaw: (of a ship) to move unsteadily, fig. in Ham.
v. ii. 121 ; but the passage is ditticult.
yawn: to gape in surprise or wonder Cor. iir. ii.
11, Ham. IV. v. 9{Ffayme, aim), 0th. v. ii. 100.
yawning" : lulling to sleep Mac. in. ii. 43 y. peal.
yclad : clad, clothed (fig.) 2H6 i. i. 33.
ycleped (old odd. yclyped, ycliped, ecliped) : called
(see CI.EPE) LLL. i. i. 240, v. ii. 599.
yea: freq. used, like kay, to correct or amplify
Tp. I. ii. 206 make his bold jrares tremble. Yea, his
elread trident shake ; prefixed to a question of re-
proof or surprise MND. in. ii. 411 Yea, art thou
there ?, R3 1. iv. 88 Yea, are yon (Ff What) so brief?.
Yead: sliort for Yedward Wiv. i. i. 162.
yea-forsooth : using tlie asseveration 'yea, for-
sootli ', like a person of low station 2H4i. ii. 40.
> — YOUTHrtL
yeanf: form in mod. odd. of eax.
year: pi. = mature age R2 n. iii. 66 cowestoy-s, 2HG
II. iii. 28 a kinr/ of y-s ;—in y-s, old 1H4 n. iv. 507
[500], Rom. in. v. 46 ; LLL. v. ii. 466 smiles liis
cheek in years (see smile 2).
yearnt : to vex, grieve AV'iv.ni.v.45 it would y. your
heart ; impers. R2 v. v. 76 it y-'d my heart (Qq 1-4
ernd, Ff 1-3 Qsyern'd), H5 iv. iii. 26 It y-s me not.
^ Cf. EAKX=.
Yedward : familiar fonn of ' Edward ' 1 H4 1. ii. 148.
yellowness: jealousy AViv. i. iii. 109.
yellows : jaundice in horses Shr. in. ii. 55. ^ Cf.
' The Jandis, called in a Horse, the Yellowes '
(Bkindeville, 1580).
yeoman :
1 one of the class of small freeholders (who formed
a large part of the infantry of English armies)
lH4lv. ii. \Q> good householders, yeomen's sons, H5
in. i. 25, 3H6 i. iv. 123, R3 v. iii. 3S'.)Fiyht,/jentle-
men of Enylandl fight, bold yeomen !, Ham. v. ii.
36 y-'s service, ( = good and faithful service) ; con-
trasted with ^e«^/(;»jmnlH6 11. iv. 81, Lr. in. vi. 12.
2 ;/. of tite wardrobe, keeper of a gentleman's ward-
robe Tw.N. II. v. 45.
3 sheriff's officer 2H4 n. i. 4.
yert : to thrust or push smartly H5 iv. vii. 84, 0th.
I. ii. 5 yerk'dhim . . . under the ribs.
yes : used to correct a negative statement = on the
contrary, but it is or was 2H4 i. iii. 36, Cor. iv.
vi. 62, V. iv. 28, Cym. i. iv. 55 ; = yea H8 i. ii. HS
I say, take heed; Yes, heartily beseech you.
yest : foam Wint. in. iii. 95 yest and froth.
yesty : foamy, frothy Mac. iv. i. 53 the y. waves ;
fig. Ham. v. ii. 1991/. co//fd(0>i( = supcrfleial know-
ledge ; Qq2 3 histy, Q4-6 misty).
yet: one of the most freq. senses is 'still, now as
before, now as always ' Wiv. n. ii. 148 Will they
yet look after thee?, R3 l. iv. 126 Some . . . dreys of
conscience are yet ivithin me. Ham. i. iii. 55 Yet here,
Laertes! ; also as yet Compl. 75 1 miejht as yet have
been a spreading flower.
yield (the chiefs, meanings are 'afford, give, grant,
allow ', ' deliver, give up, surrender, resign ', and
intr. 'give way, submit, surrender, assent')
1 to bring forth, bear Tp. 11. i. 239 [231]rt hirth . . .
Which throes thee much to y., Per. v. iii. 48 she was
yielded there.
2 to reward Ant. iv. ii. 33 the gods y. youfor't; cf.
God 'ild.
yielded : given up for lost John v. ii. 107.
yielding : compliance LLL. i. i. 118, John 11. i. 474,
Rom. II. ii. 105, Lucr. 1658.
yoke sb.: pair of oxen 2H4 in. ii. 42 ; of servants
Wiv. n. i. 180 a yoke of his discarded men.
yoke vb.: to bo joined or coupled 3H6 iv. i. 23, iv.
vi. 49 We'll yoke together. Cor. in. i. 56.
yoked: married Otb. iv. i. 67 (quibble).
yore: ofy., once upon a time Sonn. Ixviii. 14.
young:
1 raw, inexperienced AYL. i. i.bSyoii are too young
in this, Mac. in. iv. 144 We are yet but young m
deed.
2 recent H8 in. ii. 47 this is yet but young.
younger sb.: younger son (cf Luke xv. 12) Mer.V.
n. vi. 14 like a y. or a prodigal (yoiinkerf).
younger adv. : ago Per. i. iv. 39 not yet two .sum-
mers yniinr/erf ( = not two years ago ; old edd. . !/£/).
youngling: stripling, novice Shr. 11. i. 331 [339J,
Tit. II. i. 73. IV. ii. 94.
youngly: early in lifeCor. n. iii. 244, Sonn. xi. 3.
younker : =younoung 1H4iii. iii. 91, 3H6n.i. 24.
youth; recentness Mer.V. in. ii. 222.
yoiithful: belonging to the period of youth, of or
in youth Gent, iv, i. 34 My y, travel, AYL. n. iii.
YBAVZSK
256
ZOUNDS
67 thtj ij. n(if/es; ii. vii. 160 His y. hoxe, R2 i. iii. 70
Mlio^e)jOHiiifitl spirit, Compl. 79.
yravish (arcliaic) : to ravish Per. in. Gower .^5.
yslaked (arcliaic): reduced to inactivity Per. in.
Gower 1.
zany : buffoon who imitated tlie tricks of a profes-
sional clown or fool LLL. v. ii. 464 so»i€ sli;ilil
znny, Tw.N, I. v. 95 the fools' zanies.
zeal: once construed with o/(instcad of tiie usual
to) 2H4 IV. ii. 27 L'nde}- llie counterfeited z. of God.
zed : the letter z Lr. ii. ii. 68 Tiioii iihoreson zed !
tlioii iDinecessary letter.
zenith : highest point of one's fortune Tp. i. ii. 181.
zodiac: used for 'year' Meas. i. ii. 178 nineteen zo-
diacs have gone round. [v. i. .S04.
zone : tlie burning zone, the path of the sun Ham.
zoiinds: an oath = God's wounds (cf. swounds) John
II. i. 466 ; in Ff often omitted or changed to ijci,
come, tukut, or the like.
ADDENDA
across: =CROssadv. AlI'sW. ii. i. 70 (cf. notes. v.
TKAVKRSE adv.).
apolog"y : explanatory statement LLL. v. i. 146.
astringer : keeper of goshawks All's W. v. i. stage
dir. Enter a tjentle astrin'/er. [Compl. 6.
atwain : in two Lr. ii. ii. 79, 0th. v. ii. 204 (Qi),
barlet : see niARTLETf.
Ijaste : to sew lightly Ado i. i. 297 [289].
Tjlame adj.: see wilful-bi.ajie.
book: to register 2H4 iv. iii. 50, H5 iv. vii. 77 To
boot: our dead (conj. tooki), Sonn. cxvii. 9 Ilool;
botit inij luilfulness and errors down.
Charlion: usu. explained as = Fr. 'cliairbon'(good
flesh) and expressing the Puritan's contempt of
fast-days, Poysam. being interpreted as = Fr.
•poisson' (fish) and typifying the papist's strict
observance of them All'sW. i. iii. 57.
cittern-head: grotesquely carved head of the
cittern, an instrument of the guitar kind ; used
in contempt LLL. v. ii. 611.
coram : used erroneously for ' quorum ', which was
a title of certain justices whose presence was
nectssary to constitute a bench Wiv. i. i. G Justice
of /idtrr mid cornni.
down-roping' : see roping.
Dowsabei : typical name of a sweetheart Err. iv.
i. Ill ^YIlere IK did claim me for her husband-.
fairy gold : money given by fairies, supposed to
crumble away rapidly Wint. iii. iii. 127.
fit sb. : strain of music Troil. iii. i. 6:5 (quibble).
grow to: to acquire an unpleasant taste (as food does
when burnt to the bottom of a saucepan) Mcr. V.
II. ii. 18 my father did sometliing sinaci:, sometliing
grow to, he had a kind of taste. ^ In Warwick-
shiro 'grown to' is used of milk, &c., that has
caught in cooking.
haste-post-haste : see post-haste.
legative : pertaining to a legate 118 Iii. ii. 340 By
your power 1. (Fi Legatiue ; mod. edd. usu. lega-
//jift.tocorrespond with 'by hispowerlegantine '
in Holinshed's Chronicle ; ' legantine' and 'lega-
tive ' were both common earlier synonyms of
' legatine', which does not appear till. 1611),
liealong: = ' lie low' Cor. v. v. [vi.] 57, Goes. in. i.
115.
pennyworth: bargain Ado ir. iii. 45 We'll ft the
lad-fox with a p. ( = sell him a bargain in which he
gets the worst of it), Wint. iv. iii. [iv.] 653 though
tlie petntyworth on his side be the iiorse.
proceed: to followlegalprocedureMer.V.iv. i. 179.
too too (in old edd. also ioo-too) : exceedingly, very
Gent. H. iv. 206, AViv. II. ii. 265, LLL. v."ii.536,
Mer.V. u. vi. 42, 3H6 i. iy. 106, Ham. i, ii. 129,
Lucr. 174.
FOREIGN WORDS AND PHRASES
(Words like Misanthropos, wliicli, though not anglicized in form, were more or less naturalized in
the Elizabethan period, will be found in the main glossary.)
Where the language is other than Latin, the spelling in the old editions is frequently full of errors ;
all these deviations are not recorded here. L.=Latin. Fr.=French. lt. = ltalian. Sp.=Spanish.
Gl. =tlie foregoing Glossary.
absque hoc nihil est [L.] : apart from this there is
nothing 2H4 v, v. 31.
accommodo [L.]: I accommodate 2H4 iii. ii. 79.
accusativo [L.] : in the accusative case Wiv. iv.
i. -18.
ad Jovem, ad Apollinem, ad Marteni [L.] :
to Jupiter, to Apollo, to Mars, Tit. iv. iii. 53, 54.
ad manes fratrnm [L.] : to the departed spirits of
the brothers Tit. i. i. 1*8.
adsum |L.] : 1 am here 2H6 i. iv. 20.
Aio te, Aeacida, Bomanos vincere posse [L. ;
ambiguous answer given by the Delphic oracle
to Pyrrlius, quoted from Eunius by Cicero, De
divinatione ii. Ivi.]: I say that thou, Aeacides,
canst conquer tlie Romans, or, that the Romans
can conquer thee, Aeacides 2H0 i. iv. 65.
Alia nostra casa hen veniito, molto honorato
signiormioPetmchioCIt.) : WcUoine toour
house, mv much honoured lord Petruchio Shi". I.
ii. 25.
alia stoccata[It. in old edd. in hispaniolized form
ulla stnmtlto] : with the stoecado Rom. iii. i. 7'J.
allons! [Fr.]: come ! LLL. rv. iii.3S3jlWo*is.' allons!
(old edd. uloiu, alone), v. i, 163 Allons I we will
iiiiplijtj ilice.
Anne intelligfis, domine? [L.]: Do you under-
stand, sir? LLL. v. i. 28.
armi^ero [L. ; dative or ablative of 'armiger '] :
esquire Wiv. I. i. 10.
bailie t IFr.] : give Wiv. i. iv. 92 (Ff Q3 ballon).
basta[It.]: enough Shr. i. i. 202.
benedicite [L.] : used as a salutation by friars
Meas. II. iii. 39, Rom. 11. iii. 31.
ben vennto [It.; old edd. lien] : welcome LLL. iv.
ii. 160, Shr. i. ii. 185.
bis coctiis (L.] : twice cooked LLL. iv. ii. 23.
bona terra, mala gens [L.] : a good land, a bad
people 2H6 iv. vii. 61.
bon jour [Fr.] ; good day AYL. i. ii. 105, Rom. 11.
iv. 47.
bonos dies [blunder for L, ' bonus dies '] : good
day Tw.N. iv. ii. 14.
caelo [L., ablative of 'caelum'] : sky LLL. iv. ii. 5.
?a ha ! [Fr.] : exclamation of delight H5 iii. vii. 13.
calen o custure me t : see Qualtitie (&c.).
candidatus [L.; lit. white-robed] : candidate Tit.
I. i. 185.
canis [L.] : dog LLL. v. ii. 590.
capocchia [feminine of It. 'capocchio' ] : dolt, fool
Troil. IV. ii. 32.
caret [L.] : (it) is wanting Wiv. iv. i. 56, LLL. iv.
ii. 1l'8.
Castiliano vulgo* [pseudo-Sp.] : (?) phr. used in
drinking boutsTw.N. i. iii. 46 (some read C. coltof
= put on your Castilian, i.e. solemn, face).
caveto [L.] : take care H5 11. iii. 56.
circum circa t [L.] : round about, round and
round LLL. v. i. 73 (old edd. iinuiii citu).
Con tutto il cuore ben trovato [It.] : With all
mv heart, well met >Slir. i. ii. 24.
coragio [It. ] : courage Tp. v. i. 258, All's W. 11. v. 98.
coram [L.] : see Gl., Addenda.
coupe la gorge [Fr.] : cut the throat H5 11. i. 75.
cubiculo [ablative of L. ' cubiculum ' ] : chamber,
aiiaitnieiit Tw.N. 111. ii. 58.
CucuUus non facit monachum [L.] : The cowl
does not make the monk Meas. v. i. 257, Tw.N. i.
v. 01 ; ct. HS III. i. 23 ail hoods make not monks.
cum privilegio [L.] : with exclusive right H8 i.
iii. 34.
cum privilegio ad imprimendum solum[ L.]:
with exclusive cojiyright ; lig. with ref. to mar-
riage rights Shr. iv. iv. 93.
custalorum : corruption of L. 'custos rotulorum',
keeper of the roils Wiv. I. i. 7.
diable [Fr.] : devil Wiv. iii. i. 93.
diablo [Sp.] : devil 0th. 11. iii. 163.
Dieu debatailles[Fr.]:God of battles H5 iii. v. 15.
Dieu vous garde, monsieur.— Et vousaussi,
votre serviteur [Fr.]: God keep you, sir.—
And j'ou too ; your servant Tw.N. iii. i. 79, SO.
Di faciant laudis summa sit ista tuae [L.,
Ovid, Heroides ii. OGJ ; The gods grant that this
may be the summit of thy glory 3H6 i. iii. 48.
dxluculo surgere [L.]: to lise early (scil. ' saluber-
rimuni est ', is most wholesome) Tw.N. 11. iii. 3.
eccesignum[L.] : behold the token lH4ii.iv. 190.
Ego et Rex mevis [L.] -. I and my King H8 in. ii.
315.
ergo : see Glossary ; also aroal, akgo.
Et bonum quo antiquius eo melius [L.] : And
a good thing is the better for being older Per. i.
Gower 10.
Et txi, Brute [L.]: Thou too, Brutus? Ciies. in. i. 77.
facere [L.] : to make LLL. iv. ii. 15.
Pauste, precor gelida quando pecus omne
sub umbra Buminat|l.. ; first line of the lirst
EclogueotJoaniies BaptistaMaiituanus, died 1516
A.D.J : Prithee, Faustus, whileall oureattle chew
the cud in the cool shade . . . LLL. iv. ii. 96.
fortuna de la guerrat [Sp.] : fortune of war
LLL. v. ii. 531 (old edd. ddanaar).
Gelidustimor occupatartus[L. ; reminiscence
of Virgil, Aeneid vii. 446 ' subitus tremor occupat
artus'] : cold fear takes hold of thelimbs2H.6iv.
i. 117.
genitivo [L.] : in the genitive case W^iv. iv. i. 46.
haud credo [L.]: I do not believe LLL. iv. ii. II.
Hie et ubique [L.] : here and everywhere Ham. i.
v. 156.
Hie ibat Simois, hie est Sigeia tellus ; Hie
steterat Friami regia celsa senis [ L. ; Ovid,
Heroules i. 33] ; Here ran the river .Simois, hero
is the Sigeian land ; here stood the lofty palace of
old Priam, Shr. 111. i. 28. 29.
hie jacet [L.] : here lies All's W. lu. vi. 65.
HOMO — 2|
homo [L.] : man IH-t u. i. lu+.
Honi soit qui maly pense [Fr.; the motto of the
Older of tlie garter] : Shamed be he who thinks
evil of itWiv. v. v. 75.
honorificabilitudinitati'btis [ablative plural of
mediaeval L. ' honorilicabilitudinitas', a grandi-
ose extension of 'hoiioriticabilitudo' = honourable-
ness] : cited as a typical long word LLL. v. i. 45.
hysterica passio [L.j : hysteria Lr. ii. iv. 57.
ignis fatuixs [L.] : will o' the wisp 1H4 iii. iii. 45.
imitari [L.] : to imitate LLL. iv. ii. 131.
imprimis [L.] : in the first place Gent. in. i. 275,
aOo, Shr. IV. i. 08, iv. iii. 134, 2H0 i. i. 43.
in capite[L.] : as a tenant in chief, directly from
tlic crown 2H0 iv. vii. 130 men shall hold ufme lu
CK/n/e.
In hac spe vivo [L.] : In this hope I live Per. ii. ii.
44.
in limbo Patrum [L.] : sec Glossary s.v. limbo.
Integer vitae scelerisque purus Won eget
Mauri jaciilis nee arcu [L. ; Horace, Odes i.
xxii.] : A man of s]iotlc^-s life and free from crime
Needs not the bow and arrows of the Moor, Tit.
IV. ii. 20.
In terram Salicam miilieres ne snccedant
[L. ; quotation from the Frankish 'Salic law'] :
that women shall not succeed to Salic land H5 i.
ii. 38.
in via [L.] : in the way LLL. iv. ii. 14.
invitis niitaibiis [L.] : in spite of the clouds 2H6
IV. i. '.19.
ipse [L.] : himself AYL. v. i. 49.
Ira furor brevisest [L. ; Horace, Epistles i. ii.
62] ; Wrath is a brief madness Tim. i. ii. 28.
Jarre tiere[Fr.] : Garter Wiv. iii. i. 94. [168.
labras [blunder for L. ' labra', pi.] : lips Wiv. i. i.
Iia fin couronne les oeuvres [Fr.] : The end
crowns the works 2HtJ v. ii. 28.
lapis [L.] : stone Wiv. iv. i. 33.
Iiaus Deo, bone, intelligo [L.] : Thank God,
good sir, I understand LLL. v. i. 30.
le cheval volant qui a les narines de feu [ Fr . ] :
tile winged liorse with tierv nostrils Ho iii. vii.
14, 15.
Le chien est retourne a son propre vomisse-
ment, et la truie lavee au bourbier : The
dog has returned to his vomit, and the sow is
washed in the mire H5 in. vii. 71, 72.
lege, domine [L.] : read, sir LLL. iv. ii. 109.
Iieo-natvis [L.] : lion-born Cyni. v. v. 446.
lustique[Dutch 'lustig']: merrily, jovially All'sW.
II. iii. 47 Lustique, as the Dutcliinan sai/s. ^ Freq.
in 17th cent, in this form and as ' lustick '.
L\ix tua vita mihi [L.] : Thy light is my life Per.
n. ii. 21.
ma foi, il fait fort chaud. Je m'en vais d,
la cour,— la grande affaire [Fr.] : my word,
it is very hot. I am going to court, — the great
affair Wiv. i. iv. 53.
ma foi [Fr.] : i' faith H5 in. vii. 54.
Magni dominator poli, Tarn lentus aiidis
scelera? tam lentus vides? [L. ; alteration
of Seneca, Phaedra 071 ' Magnc regnator deuni ',
. . .] : Ruler of tlie mighty heavens, art tliou so
slow to see and licar the crimes that are com-
mitted ? Tit. IV. i. 81.
manus [L.]: hand LLL. v. ii. 692.
Medice, teipsum— [L.; scil. 'cura', Luke iv. 23] ;
Physician, lieal thyself 2H6 n. i. 53.
mehercle [L.] : by Hercules ! LLL. iv. ii. 80.
memento mori [L.] : lit. remember tliat thou
must die ; used coiicr. a symbolic reminder of
death, such as a skull-aud-crossbones 1H4 in.
iii. 35.
i - QUALTITIE
Me pompaet (old edd. Poinpc/j) provexit apex
[L.j : The highest summit of honour has led mo
on Per. ii. ii. 30.
minime [L.] : not at all, no LLL. iii. i. 63.
mi perdonate [It.] : pardon me Shr. i. i. 25.
mollis aer [L.] : ' tender air ' Cym. V. v. 448.
m.ons [L.] : mountain LLL. v. i. 90.
Mort de ma vie! [Fr. ; lit. death of my life] : an
oath Ho in. v. 11.
MortDieu! [Fr.]: 'sdeatli 2H6 i. i. 124.
Mort diivinaigre ! [Fr. ; lit. death of the vinegar] :
a meaningless oath All'sW. ii. iii. 50.
mulier [L.] : woman Cym. v. v. 449.
nominativo [L.] : in the nominative case Wiv, iv.
i. 43, 45.
Won nobis [L.] : first words of Psalm cxv (part of
cxiii in the Vulgate) 'Non nobis, Domine, noii
nobis ', Xot unto us, 0 Lord, not unto us, recited
as a thanksgiving for mercies received H5 iv.
viii. 128.
Notre tres cher fils Henri, roi d'Angleterre,
heritier de France [Fr.]: our dearest son
Henry, king of England, heir to France, Ho v. ii.
367.
Novi hominem tanquam te [L.] : I know the
man as well as 1 know you LLL. v. i. 10.
O Dievi vivant ! [Fi-.]: O living God ! H5 in. v. 5.
O diable, diable ! [Fr.] : 0 devil, devil ; Wiv. i.
iv. 7u.
omne bene [L.]: all is well LLL. iv. ii. 33.
ostentare |L.] : to show LLL. iv. ii. 16.
Oui ; mettez-le au mon pocket; dep^chez
[Fr.] : Yes ; put it in my pocket ; be quick Wiv.
I. iv. 56.
palabras [Sp.] : (mere) words Ado in. v. 18.
pardona-mee [ = It. ' perdonami ']: see pardon-me
in the Glossary.
pardonnez-moy [Fr.] ; pardon me R2 v. iii. 119;
see also pakdon-me in the Glossary.
pauca, in full paiica verba [L.] : few words Wiv.
I. i. 124, 137, LLL. iv. ii. 173, H5 n. i. 83.
paucas pallabris [blunder for Sp. 'pocas pala-
bras '] : few words Shr. Ind. i. 5.
pedascule [vocative of a coined L. ' pedasculus 'j :
tutor Shr. in. i. 51.
perge [L.] : go on, proceed LLL. iv. ii. 54.
per se [L.] : by himself Troil. l. ii. 15.
Per Styga, per nianes vehor [L.] : I am carried
across the Styx, through the realm of the shades
Tit. n. i. 135.
pourquoi [Fr.] : why Tw.N. i. iii. 97.
praeambixlaf [L.] : walk in front LLL. v. i. 86 (see
PREAMBLLATE ill G1.1.
praeclarissimusfilius noster Henricus, Rex
AngliaeetHeresrranciae[L.]: our most re-
nowned son Henry, king of England and heir to
France, H5 v. ii. 369.
primo, secundo, tertio [L.] : firstly, secondly,
thirdly Tw.N. v. i. 39.
piu per dolcezaa che per forzat [It.] : more by
gentleness than by force Per. ii. ii. 27 (old edd. in
Spiinisli, I'ae Per doleera kee per forsa, but pue is
not a Spanish word ; some mod. edd. Pin por
dulzura que por faenaf).
pueritia [L.j : boyhood LLL. v. i. 53.
pulcher [L.] : beautiful Wiv. iv. i. 29.
qu'ai-je oubli6 ? [Fr.] : what have I forgotten ?
Wiv. I. iv. 65.
Qualtitie calmie ctistiire me: H5 iv. iv. 4 ; the
last word, qualite, of the French soldier's speech
pieced out with Calen o custure inei, the burden
of an Eliz. song (also appearing as the name of a
tune, 'Calliuocastura-mc'), intended to represent
Irish 'cailin oc astoir' = young girl, my treasure.
QUABE —
259
— VOX
quare [L.] : why LLL. v. i. 30.
qviasi [L.] : as if LLL. iv. ii. 85. iii. 109.
quid/oc quo [L.] : quid pro quo, tit for tat 1H6 v.
qilis [L.] : wlio LLL. v. i. 50.
Quod me alit me extingviit [L.] : Tluvtwliicli
leeils my flame puts out my liglit Per. ii. ii. 33.
quoniam [L.] : because LLL. v. ii. 593.
ratolorum,: for 'i-otulorum' (see custalokum)
■\Viv. I. i. 8.
Bedime te captum quam queas minimo [L.] :
Buy tliysc'lf out of t-aptivity for as little as thou
canst Slir. i. i. 100. ^ From Lily's Latin Grani-
mar ; an alteration of Terence, Eunuclius 74 [i. i.
2y] ' Quid agas ? nisi ut te redimas captum quam
queas minimo '.
respice finem. [L.] : look to the end Err. iv. iv. 43.
sancta inajestas [L.j : sacred majesty 2H6 v. i. 5 ;
Qq snittK lltmxkt [it.].
sanguis [L.] : blood LLL. iv. ii. 3.
Satis quod sufficit [L.] : Enough is as good as a
feast LLL. V. i. 1.
semper idem [L.] : always the same 2H4 v. v. 31.
se offendendo [l.] : in self-'ott'ence ' ; comic
blunder for tlie legal phr. ' so dcfendcndo ', in
self-defence Ham. v. i. 9.
Sic spectanda fides [L.] : Thus is faitli to be
tried Per. ii. ii. 38.
Si fortune (-a) me tormente (-o), sperato
(spero)mecontente(-o) [Pistol's It.; variously
altered in mod. edd.]: If fortune torments me,
hope contents me 2H4 il. iv. 194, \. v. 102.
singtilariter [L.] : in the singular number Wiv.
IV. i. 43.
sit fas aut nefas [L.] : be it right or wrong Tit.
II. i. 133.
solus [L.]: alone H5 ii. i. 48-51, 54; stage dir.
(Fi) in lH4n. iii., R3 i. i.
Stuprum [L.] : violation, rape Tit. iv. i. 78.
SUUmcuique[L.]: toeachman hisdueTit.i.i.280.
Tanta est erga te mentis integritas, reg'ina
serenissima [L.]: Such whole-luartedness is
there towards you, most serene highness H8 lu.
i. 40.
Tantaeneanimis caelestibus irae? [L.; Virgil,
Aeneid i. 15] : Is tliere such resentment in the
minds of the gods? 2H6 ii. i. 24.
Te Deum [L.] : title of tlie canticle beginning ' Te
Deum laudamus ', We praise thee, 0 God, H5 iv.
viii. 128.
terra [L.] : earth LLL. iv. ii. 7.
Terras Astraea reliquit [L.; Ovid, Metamor-
plioses I. 150] : Astraea left tlie earth Tit. iv. iii. 4.
TICf. Astraea in Gl.
tremor cordis [L.] : palpitation of tlie licart
Wint. I. ii. 111.
un boitier vertt [Fr.] : a green box AViv. i. iv. 47
(old edd. xinlioijleeuc icrd).
un garcon, un paysan IFr.] : a boy, a peasant
"Wiv. V. V. 228.
ungiiem [L.] : in phr. 'ad unguem ', to a nicety,
perfectly LLL. v. i. 85.
ursa major [L.] : the Great Bear, Lr. i. ii. 140.
Veneiia, Venetia, Chi non ti vede non ti
pretia [It.] : Venice, Venice, who sees thee not
esteems tlicc not LLL. iv. ii. 100, 101.
veni, vidi, vici [L.] : I came, 1 saw, I conquered
LLL. IV. i. 08.
ver [L] : spring LLL. v. ii. 901.
verbatim [L.] : word for word IHO iii. i. 13.
via [It.] : on, go on, say on "Wiv. ii. ii. 101, LLL.
V. i. 100, V. ii. 112, Mer.V. h. ii. 11, H5 iv. ii. 4,
3H0 II. i. 182.
videlicet [L.] : namely Wiv. i.\.\iS{fidelicel), LLL.
IV. i. 70, MND. V. I. 331, AYL. iv. i. 100, Ham.
II. i. 01.
■Videsne quis venit ?— 'Video et gaudeo [L.] :
Do you see who comes?—! see and am glad LLL.
v. i. 33, 34.
Vilia miretur vulgus ; mihi flavus Apollo
Focula Castalia plena ministret aqua [L. ;
Ovid, Amores i. xv. 35] : Let the l.iase vulgar ad-
mire trash ; to me golden-liaired Apollo shall
serve goblets filled trom the Castalian spring;
motto of Venus and Adonis.
Vir sapit qui pauca loquitur [L.] : The man is
wise who says little LLL. iv. ii. 82.
viva voce [L.] : so that their voices can be heard
H8 II. i. 18.
vocative [L.] : in the vocative case Wiv. iv. i, 55.
vocatur [L.] : is called LLL. v. i. 25.
vox [L.] : lit. voice ; appropriate, i.e. loud, frantic,
tone Tw.N. v. i. 307.
oxford: nouACE hart, m.a.
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